DK164878B - Fast katalysatorkomponent og katalysator til brug ved polymerisation af alfa-olefiner samt anvendelse af katalysatoren - Google Patents
Fast katalysatorkomponent og katalysator til brug ved polymerisation af alfa-olefiner samt anvendelse af katalysatoren Download PDFInfo
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- DK164878B DK164878B DK349781A DK349781A DK164878B DK 164878 B DK164878 B DK 164878B DK 349781 A DK349781 A DK 349781A DK 349781 A DK349781 A DK 349781A DK 164878 B DK164878 B DK 164878B
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- catalysts
- carbon atoms
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- -1 alkyl compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- HHEIMYAXCOIQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C HHEIMYAXCOIQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous n-heptane Natural products CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 6
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 6
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical group CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002083 X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZXPDYFSTVHQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH2]OCC ZXPDYFSTVHQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940052296 esters of benzoic acid for local anesthesia Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- ADLSSRLDGACTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenyl silicate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ADLSSRLDGACTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGERXYZHJFOFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-o-ethyl 1-o-methyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC HGERXYZHJFOFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJRUSAPKCPIVBY-KQYNXXCUSA-N C1=NC2=C(N=C(N=C2N1[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)COP(=O)(CP(=O)(O)O)O)O)O)I)N Chemical compound C1=NC2=C(N=C(N=C2N1[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)COP(=O)(CP(=O)(O)O)O)O)O)I)N OJRUSAPKCPIVBY-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBESESLMNJYGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J Cc1cccc(C)c1O[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl Chemical compound Cc1cccc(C)c1O[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl KBESESLMNJYGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004721 HSiCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012093 Myrtus ugni Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003910 SiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000061461 Tema Species 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZDPONITMCBDOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [ethoxy(diphenyl)silyl] triethyl silicate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OCC)(O[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 GZDPONITMCBDOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001502 aryl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEZFASCUIZYYEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](Cl)(OCC)OCC JEZFASCUIZYYEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEYKSONZGURWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro-diethoxy-phenylsilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](Cl)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LEYKSONZGURWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940125758 compound 15 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YEHPWDJFRGQQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(C(=O)OCC)C(C(=O)OCC)=CC2=C1 YEHPWDJFRGQQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVJXKUWNRVOUTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(triphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZVJXKUWNRVOUTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYEJNNDSIXAGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-tri(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](CC)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C MYEJNNDSIXAGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- CNWUDMDXRVLRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[diethoxy(phenyl)silyl]-n-ethylethanamine Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(N(CC)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 CNWUDMDXRVLRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AUZMWGNTACEWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-L titanium(2+);dibromide Chemical compound Br[Ti]Br AUZMWGNTACEWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH](Cl)Cl ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYPIRAZPRGBECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilyl acetate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OC(C)=O YYPIRAZPRGBECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYTROFMCUJZKNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl triethoxysilyl silicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)O[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC GYTROFMCUJZKNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/02—Carriers therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
i
DK 164878 B
Opfindelsen angår hidtil ukendte, på bærere foreliggende katalysatorkomponenter til polymerisation af o-olefiner, dvs. definer med formlen CI^CHR, hvor R er et alkyl-radikal med 1-4 carbonatomer eller et arylradikal, og 5 blandinger af disse olefiner med ethylen, katalysatorer fremstillet på basis af disse komponenter samt anvendelse af disse katalysatorer til polymerisation af a-olefiner.
De på bærere foreliggende, hidtil ukendte, i høj grad ak-10 tive og i høj grad stereospecifikke katalysatorer til polymerisation af propylen og højere olefiner fremstilles ved reaktion mellem en Al-alkyl-forbindelse, der er partielt komplekseret med en elektrondonor-forbindelse (ydre donor) med en fast komponent omfattende en Ti-forbindelse 15 og en elektrondonor-forbindelse (indre donor) understøttet på et Mg-halogenid i aktiv form.
Eksempler på sådanne katalysatorer er blevet beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 1 559 194 og belgisk patent nr.
20 868 682.
Fra GB-A-1 452 314 kendes en katalysator til polymerisation af olefiner omfattende (a) en på forhånd fremstillet overgangsmetal-katalysatorkomponent og (b) en organo-me-25 talforbindelse, f.eks. en Al-alkylforbindelse.
Katalysatorkomponenten (a) er fremstillet ved omsætning mellem (i) en fast bærer, som er et addukt af et Mg-diha-logenid med en elektrondonor forbindelse, (ii) en Sn- el-30 ler Si-forbindelse indeholdende mindst et halogenatom og (iii) en Ti- eller V-forbindelse, f.eks. et Ti-halogenid.
I NO PS 157 179 beskrives katalysatorkomponenter til anvendelse ved polymerisation af olefiner fremstillet ved 35 samformaling af et vandfrit Mg-halogenid med en ester af en aromatisk carboxylsyre i nærvær af en Si-forbindelse efterfulgt af omsætning af det formalede produkt med en
DK 164878 B
2 halogeneret Ti-forbindelse.
I DE OS 3 002 879 beskrives en katalysator omfattende en organo-Al-forbindelse, en elektrondonor-forbindelse (ydre 5 donor) og en fast komponent, der er fremstillet ved, at et samformalet produkt baseret på et Mg-halogenid, en organo-Si-forbindelse og et halogeneret carbonhydrid er bragt i kontakt med et Ti-halogenid.
10 En ydre donor bestående af siliciumforbindelser indeholdende Si-O-C-bindinger er også blevet beskrevet (japansk patentansøgning Sho 79/94590 og Sho 80/36203). Blandt de forskellige og talrige indre donorer har man også anført forbindelser som methylenmethacrylat og ethylpivalat. I
15 alle de kendte katalysatorer, hvori man anvender en siliciumforbindelse med Si-O-C-bindinger som ydre donor, anvender man som indre donor estere af benzoesyre og derivater deraf.
20 Egenskaberne af de ovenfor angivne katalysatorer, udtrykt ved deres aktivitet og stereospecificitet, afviger ikke fra egenskaberne af de katalysatorer, hvori ethyl-benzoat og lignende estere af benzoesyre anvendes som ydre donor.
25 Det har nu overraskende vist sig, at det er muligt at forøge aktiviteten og stereospecificiteten af de kendte, på bærere foreliggende katalysatorer, der som ydre donor omfatter en siliciumforbindelse, der indeholder Si-O-C-bindinger, ved som indre donor at anvende en ester med en 30 særlig struktur.
Katalysatorerne ifølge opfindelsen omfatter reaktionsproduktet mellem følgende komponenter: 35 a) en Al-trialkyl- eller en Al-alkylforbindelse indeholdende 2 eller flere aluminiumatomer bundet til hinanden via oxygen- eller nitrogenatomer eller via SO^-
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3 eller SO^-grupper; b) En siliciumforbindelse indeholdende en eller flere Si-0R-, Si-OCOR- eller Si-NR2-bindinger (hvor R er et 5 hydrocarbyl-radikal); c) en fast komponent, der som essentiel bærer omfatter et vandfrit Mg-dihalogenid, der foreligger i aktiv form, og understøttet på dette dihalogenid et Ti-halogenid 10 eller et Ti-halogenalkoholat og en elektron-donor- forbindelse udvalgt blandt 1) Mono- og diestere af aromatiske bicarboxylsyrer med C00H-grupperne i ortho-position, hvor R-hydrocar- 15 bylradikalerne i C00R-grupperne indeholder under 3 carbonatomer, og hvor mindst et af R-radikalerne indeholder 2 carbonatomer.
2) Estere af mættede og umættede carboxylsyrer med 20 formlen RCOOR', hvor R-hydrocarbylradikalet enten er et mættet eller umættet, forgrenet radikal med 3-20 carbonatomer eller et arylalkylradikal med 7-20 carbonatomer eller et arylradikal med 3-20 carbonatomer bundet til den esteragtige carbonyl-25 gruppe direkte eller via en methylengruppe, og hvor R' er et hydrocarbylradikal med under 3 carbonatomer.
Forbindelser, der er repræsentative, og som også er fore-30 trukne, er følgende: diethylphthaiat, methylethyl- phthalat, diethyl-2,3-naphthalendicarboxylat, methyl- og ethylpivalat, methyl- og ethylmethacrylat.
Som angivet kan esterne af polycarboxylsyrerne ved siden 35 af estergrupperne også indeholde ikke-esterificerede COOH-grupper.
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Ved fremstilling af komponent c) bringer man esterne i kontakt med det aktive Mg-dihalogenid eller forløberne af disse dihalogenider som forud tildannede materialer, eller esterne kan dannes in situ ved hjælp af kendte 5 reaktioner, såsom f.eks. ved esterificering mellem en alkohol eller et alkoholat og et aryl-halogenid eller mellem et anhydrid eller en semiester af en poly- carboxylsyre med en alkohol eller ved transesteri- ficering. Esterne kan også anvendes i blanding med andre 10 kendte indre donorer. De aktive vandfrie Mg-dihalo- genider, der udgør den væsentligste bærer af komponent c), er de Mg-dihalogenider, der i Røntgenstråle-pulver- spektret af komponent c) udviser en udfladning på mindst 30% af den mest intense diffraktionslinie, som forekommer 15 i pulverspektret af det tilsvarende dihalogenid med over- 2 fladeareal på 1 m /g, eller er de Mg-dihalogenider, der udviser et Rontgenstråle-pulverspektrum, hvori den mest intense diffraktionslinie er erstattet af en halo, hvor intensitetstoppen er forskudt i forhold til den inter- 20 planare afstand for den mest intense linie og/eller er de 2
Mg-dihalogenider, der har et overfladeareal over 3 m /g.
Målingen af overfladearealet af Mg-dihalogeniderne udføres på komponent c) efter behandling med kogende TiCl^ i 25 2 timer. Den fundne værdi betragtes som overfladearealet af Mg-dihalogenidet.
Meget aktive former af Mg-dihalogenider er sådanne, der udviser et Rontgenstråle-pulverspektrum, hvori den mest 30 intense diffraktionslinie, der foreligger i spektret af 2 det tilsvarende halogenid med 1 m /g overfladeareal, reduceres hvad angår intensitet og udflades til dannelse af en halo, eller sådanne, hvori den angivne mest intense linie er erstattet af en halo, hvis intensitetstop er 35 forskud i forhold til den interplanare afstand af den mest intense linie. Sædvanligvis er overfladearealet af 2 de ovenfor angivne former højere end 30-40 m /g, og det 2
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5 ligger især mellem 100 og 300 m /g.
Aktive former er også de, der afledes af de ovenfor angivne former ved varmebehandling i indifferente carbonhy-5 drid-opløsningsmidler, og som i Røntgenstrålespektret viser skarpe diffraktionslinier i stedet for haloerne.
Den skarpe, mest intense linie af disse former viser i hvert tilfælde en 'udfladning på mindst 30%, hvad angår 10 den tilsvarende linie af Mg-dihalogenidet med et overfla- 2 deareal på 1 m /g. Foretrukne Mg-dihalogenider er Mg-di-chlorid og Mg-dibromid. Vandindholdet af dihalogeniderne er sædvanligvis under 1 vægt-%.
15 Ved Ti-halogenider eller Ti-halogenalkoholater og -estere, der er understøttet på aktivt Mg-dihalogenid, menes de ovenfor anførte forbindelser, der kan være kemisk eller fysisk fikseret på bæreren, og som ikke er ekstraherbare fra komponent c) ved behandling af denne 20 med kogende 1,2-dichlorethan i 2 timer.
Komponenterne a), b) og c) bringes til at reagere med hinanden i en vilkårlig rækkefølge; imidlertid forblander man fortrinsvis komponenterne a) og b), før de bringes i 25 kontakt med komponent c).
Komponent c) kan forblandes med enten komponent a) og/el-ler b). Forblandingen af a) og b) gennemføres ved temperaturer, der sædvanligvis ligger mellem stuetemperatur og 30 den temperatur, der anvendes ved polymerisationsprocessen.
For-reaktionen mellem c) og b) kan også gennemføres ved højere temperaturer. Forbindelse b) kan også inkorporeres 35 og bringes til at reagere med selve komponent c). Komponent b) bringes til at reagere i et molært forhold i forhold til den halogenerede Ti-forbindelse, der er under-
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6 støttet på komponent c), på mindst 1 og i et molært forhold i forhold til Al-alkyl-forbindelsen anvendt som komponent a) på under 20, fortrinsvis mellem 0,05 og 0,3.
5 I komponent c) ligger det molære forhold mellem Mg-diha-logenidet og den halogenerede Ti-forbindelse, der er understøttet deri, mellem 1 og 500, og det molære forhold mellem den halogenerede Ti-forbindelse og den elektrondonor, der er understøttet på Mg-dihalogenidet, ligger mel-10 lem 0,1 og 50. Den under b) angivne siliciumforbindelse inkluderer forbindelserne med den almene formel: R SiY X m n p 15 hvori: R er et alkyl-, alkenyl-, aryl-, arylalkyl-, cycloalkyl-radikal med fra 1 til 20 carbonatomer; 20 Y er -OR', -0C0R', -NR£1, hvor R', der er enten det samme som eller forskellig fra R, har den samme betydning som R; X er enten et halogen- eller et hydrogenatom eller en 25 -0C0R", -NR^" gruppe, hvor R", der er enten det samme som eller forskellig fra R', har den samme betydning som R'; m, n og p er tal, der er således defineret: m mellem 0 og 3, n mellem 1 og 4 og p mellem 0 og 1; og m+n+p er lig 4.
30
Andre siliciumforbindelser, der kan anvendes, er forbindelser, i hvilke to eller flere siliciumatomer er bundet til hinanden via oxygen- eller nitrogenatomer.
35
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7
Eksempler på disse forbindelser er hexaethoxydisiloxan, symmetrisk diphenyltetraethoxydisiloxan (C2H50)2-Si-0-CH2-0-Si-(OC^Hg)2 5 C6H5 C6H5
Foretrukne siliciumforbindelser er: phenylalkoxysilaner som phenyltriethoxy- eller trimethoxysilan, diphenyldi- methoxy- og diethoxysilan, monochlorphenyldiethoxysilan; 1 Ω alkylalkoxysilaner som ethyltriethoxysilan, ethyltriiso-propoxysi1an.
Eksempler på andre passende forbindelser er: chlortri- ethoxysilan, acetoxytriethoxysilan, vinyltriethoxysilan, ^ butyltriethoxysilan, triphenylmonoethoxysilan, phenyltri-cycloethoxysilan, phenyldiethoxydiethylaminosilan, tetra-phenoxysilan eller tetraalkoxysilaner som tetramethoxy-silan.
20
Siliciumforbindelsen kan også dannes in situ, f.eks. ved reaktion mellem en halogeneret siliciumforbindelse som SiCl^ og en alkohol eller et alkoholat af Mg eller Al. 1 katalysatorerne ifølge opfindelsen er siliciumforbin-delsen tilstede i en kombineret form i det faste produkt, hidrørende fra reaktionen mellem forskellige katalysatordannende komponenter, i et molært forhold mellem siliciumforbindelsen og den halogenerede Ti-forbindelse, der er større end 0,05, og som generelt ligger mellem 0,1 og 5.
30
De Al~alkyl-forbindelser, der udgøres af komponent a), omfatter Al-trialkyler, såsom f.eks. Al-triethyl, Al-tri-isobutyl, Al-triisopropyl og forbindelser indeholdende to eller flere Al-atomer bundet til hinanden via hetero-^ atomer, såsom
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8 (C2H5)2A1_0_A1(C2H5)2' (C2H5)2A1-IjI~Al(C2H5)2' C6H5
• O
5 » (C2H5) Al-O-S-O-Al(C2H5)2.
O
Som angivet er Al-alkylforbindelser, hvori Al-atomer er 10 bundet via grupper som SO^ eller SO^, også velegnet.
Al-alkyl-forbindelserne kan også anvendes i blanding med Al-alkyl-halogenider som AlEt2Cl.
15 Komponent c) fremstilles i henhold til kendte metoder. En af disse metoder består i samtidigt at formale Mg-haloge-nidet og elektrondonorforbindelsen ifølge opfindelsen, indtil de modifikationer, der er angivet i det foregående for spektret af Mg-dihalogenidet, kommer til syne i R5nt-20 genstrålespektret af det formalede produkt, hvorpå man omsætter det formalede produkt med Ti-forbindelsen.
Præparater af denne type er beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 1 559 194.
25
Lignende præparater er beskrevet i US patenter nr.
4 107 413, 4 107 414 og 4 107 415.
En anden metode består i at omsætte adduktet af et Mg-30 halogenid med en alkohol med en Ti-forbindelse i nærvær af en elektrondonorforbindelse, der ikke indeholder aktive hydrogenatomer. Denne metode er beskrevet i belgisk patent nr. 868 682.
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9 I henhold til en anden metode, der er beskrevet i tysk ansøgning nr. 3 022 738, omsætter man adduktet mellem Mg-dihalogenidet og alkoholen i væskeform med den halogenerede Ti-forbindelse og elektrondonorforbindelsen.
5
Yderligere metoder er beskrevet i publiceret tysk ansøgning nr. 2 924 029, US patent 4 220 554 samt i italiensk patentansøgning nr. 27 261/79.
10 En anden metode består i samtidigt at formale Mg-dihalo-genidet, den halogenerede Ti-forbindelse og elektrondonorforbindelsen indtil aktivering af Mg-dihalogenidet og i at behandle en suspension af det formalede produkt i et halogeneret carbonhydrid som 1,2-dichlorethan, chlor-15 benzen, methylenchlorid, hexachlorethan.
Behandlingen gennemføres ved temperaturer mellem 40 °C og kogepunktet af det halogenerede carbonhydrid i et tidsrum, der generelt strækker sig mellem 1 og 4 timer.
20 I henhold til en anden metode imprægnerer man en porøs bærer som Si02 eller A^O^, der har et lavt indhold af OH-grupper (fortrinsvis under 1 vægt-%) med et flydende addukt mellem Mg-dihalogenidet og en alkohol; bæreren be-25 handles derpå med et overskud af TiCl4, der i opløst tilstand indeholder elektrondonorforbindelsen, i henhold til den metode, der f.eks. er beskrevet i tysk patentansøgning nr. 3 022 738 eller belgisk patent nr. 868 682.
30 I alle de ovenfor angivne metoder indeholder det sluttelige produkt et Mg-dihalogenid, der er tilstede i aktiv form, som angivet i det foregående.
Andre kendte metoder, der fører til dannelse af Mg-diha-35 logenid i aktiv form eller til Ti-holdige, på Mg-dihalogenid understøttede komponenter, hvori dihalogenidet foreligger i aktiv form, er baseret på følgende reaktioner:
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10 - reaktion mellem et Grignard-reagens eller en Mgl^-forbindelse (hvor R er et hydrocarbyl-radikal) eller komplekser af de angivne MgR^-forbindelser med Al-tri-alkyler, med halogeneringsmidler som AIX^ eller AlRmXn 5 forbindelser (X er halogen, R er et hydrocarbyl, m + n =3), SiCl4 eller HSiCl3; - reaktion af et Grignard-reagens med en silanol eller polysiloxan, 1^0 eller med en alkohol og yderligere 10 reaktion med et halogeneringsmiddel eller med TiCl^; - reaktion af Mg med en alkohol og en halogensyre eller af Mg med et hydrocarbyl-halogenid og en alkohol; 15 - reaktion af MgO med CI2 eller AlCl^; - reaktion af MgX2.nH20 (X = halogen) med et halogeneringsmiddel eller TiCl^; 20 - reaktion af Mg-mono- eller -dialkoholater eller Mg- carboxylater med et halogeneringsmiddel.
Ti-halogeniderne eller Ti-halogenalkoholaterne inkluderer især Ti-tetrahalogeniderne, Ti-trihalogeniderne og Ti-25 trihalogenalkoholaterne. Foretrukne forbindelser er:
TiCl^, TiBr^, 2,6-dimethylphenoxytrichlortitan.
Ti-trihalogeniderne fremstilles i henhold til kendte metoder, f.eks. ved reduktion af TiCl^ med Al eller en me-30 talorganisk Al-forbindelse eller med hydrogen.
I tilfælde af Ti-trihalogeniderne kan det, for at forbedre katalysatorernes egenskaber, være hensigtsmæssigt at gennemføre en oxidation af titanet, selv om den er 35 partiel, enten under eller efter fremstillingen af komponent c).
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11
Til dette formål kan man anvende halogener eller iod-halogenider.
Foretrukne katalysatorer er sådanne, hvori komponent c) 5 fremstilles ud fra MgC^, TiCl^ og diethylphthalater, methyl- og ethylpivalater, og hvori komponent b) er phenyl- eller ethyltriethoxysilan eller diphenyl-dimethoxy- eller -diethoxysilan.
10 Komponent a) er et Al-trialkyl som Al-triethyl eller Al-triisobutyl.
Komponent c) fremstilles i henhold til de metoder, der er beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 1 559 194, belgisk patent 15 nr. 868 682, publiceret tysk ansøgning nr. 2 924 029, US patent 4 220 554, italiensk patentansøgning nr.
27 261/79 eller publiceret tysk ansøgning nr. 3 022 738.
Den foretrukne fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af kompo-20 nent c) omfatter også den samtidige formaling af MgC^,
TiCl4 og esteren og behandling af det formalede produkt med et halogeneret carbonhydrid som 1,2-dichlorethan.
Katalysatorerne ifølge opfindelsen anvendes til at poly-25 merisere α-olefinerne i henhold til kendte metoder, dvs. ved at gennemføre polymerisationen i flydende fase, enten i nærvær eller i fravær af et indifferent carbonhydrid-opløsningsmiddel, eller i gasfase eller også ved f.eks. at kombinere et polymerisationstrin i flydende fase med 30 et trin i gasfase.
Sædvanligvis ligger temperaturen mellem 40 °C og 160 °C, men fortrinsvis mellem 60 °C og 90 °C, idet man enten arbejder under atmosfærisk eller superatmosfærisk tryk.
Som molekylvægtsregulerende middel anvender man hydrogen eller andre regulerende midler af kendt type.
35
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12
Katalysatorerne anvendes med særlig stor fordel til at polymerisere propylen, buten-1, styren, 4-methylpenten. Katalysatorerne kan også i henhold til kendte metoder anvendes til at polymerisere blandinger af propylen og 5 ethylen til dannelse af modificerede polypropylener med bedre chok-resistens ved lave temperaturer (de såkaldte blokcopolymere af propylen og ethylen) eller til at opnå randomiserede krystallinske copolymere af propylen med mindre andele af ethylen.
10
De følgende eksempler skal illustrere opfindelsen og skal ikke på nogen måde opfattes som begrænsende.
EKSEMPEL 1-2 15 I en autoklav af rustfrit stål med et totalt volumen på 3 liter og udstyret med en magnetisk omrører og et ved 60 °C varmestabiliseret termoelement, og som blev holdt under tryk ved hjælp af en nitrogenatmosfære, indførte 20 man 1000 ml af en suspension i afgasset og vandfrit n-heptan indeholdende 5 mol triethylaluminium, phenyltri-ethoxysilanet (PES) og en fast katalytisk komponent fremstillet i henhold til eksempel 1 i NO patentskrift nr. 157179, men hvorved man i stedet for ethylbenzoat 25 anvendte de i tabel I angivne estere, mens man også tilførte propylen. De således fremstillede katalytiske komponenter udviste Rontgenstråle-pulverspektre, hvori den relative intensitet af den mest intense. diffraktionslinie, der forekommer i spektret af MgCl0 med et 2 Δ 30 overfladeareal på 1 m /g, er reduceret og udfladet til dannelse af en halo.
Autoklaven blev lukket, og derpå indførte man hydrogen op til et tryk af 0,2 atm., temperaturen blev bragt op på 35 70 °C, og samtidigt indførte man propylen op til et totalt tryk på 7 atm.
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13
Under polymerisationen blev trykket holdt konstant ved kontinuerlig tilførsel af den monomere. Efter 4 timers forløb standsedes polymerisationen ved hurtig afkøling og afgasning af den polymere opslæmning. Den polymere blev 5 separeret fra opløsningsmidlet ved filtrering, og den blev tørret i en strøm af varm nitrogen ved 70 °C. Den mængde polymer, der var opløst i filtratet, blev derpå isoleret, vejet og lagt sammen med den polymere, der var opløselig i kogende n-heptan, med henblik på beregning af 10 det isotaktiske index (I.I.).
Mængden af anvendt katalytisk komponent og indholdet af Ti i denne komponent, det molære forhold mellem phenyl-triethoxysilan og triethylaluminiumet, udbyttet af poly-15 mer i forhold til den indførte katalytiske komponent, isotakticitetsindex (I.I.), overfladearealet af den faste katalytiske komponent og det logaritmiske viskositetstal bestemt i tetralin ved 135 °C er rapporteret i tabel I.
20 EKSEMPEL 3
Man gentog eksempel 1, men under anvendelse af en fast katalytisk komponent, der blev fremstillet på følgende måde.
25
Vandfrit MgC^, en ester, anført i tabel II, og TiCl4 i et molært forhold på 1:1 med hensyn til esteren, blev samtidigt formalet i en vibrationsmølle af typen VIBRATOM, fremstillet af N.V. TEMA's, Gravenhage (Hol-30 land), med et totalt volumen på 1 liter og indeholdende 3 kg kugler af rustfrit stål med diameter 16 mm.
Formalingen blev foretaget i 72 timer under anvendelse af en fyldningskoefficient på 100 g/g totalt volumen (vaku-35 um) med en indre temperatur i møllen på 25 °C.
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14
Indfyldning af materiale i møllen, formalingen og udtømningen af møllen foretoges i en nitrogenatmosfære.
10 g af det samtidigt formalede produkt blev bragt i kon-5 takt med 100 ml 1,2-dichlorethan ved 80 °C i 2 timer.
Efter denne periode blev 1,2-dichlorethan fjernet ved filtrering ved 80 °C, og det residuale, faste produkt blev gentagne gange vasket med n-heptan ved stuetempera-10 tur, indtil chloridionerne forsvandt fra filtratet, og derpå blev det holdt i heptanisk suspension.
De således fremstillede katalytiske komponenter udviste et Rontgenstråle-pulverspektrum, hvori den relative in- 15 tensitet af den mest intense diffraktionslinie, der fore- 2 kom i spektret af MgCl2 med et overfladeareal på 1 m /g blev reduceret, idet den blev udfladet til dannelse af en halo.
20 Esteren, egenskaberne af den faste katalytiske komponent og resultaterne af polymerisationsprøverne er rapporteret i tabel I.
EKSEMPEL 4 25
Eksempel 1 blev gentaget, idet man dog anvendte en fast katalytisk komponent fremstillet i henhold til eksempel 3 i SE patentskrift nr. 446 402.
30 Et fast addukt MgCl2.3 C2H^0H i form af sfæriske partikler blev langsomt tilsat i en suspension af en addukt TiCl^-ester under anvendelse af molære forhold Mg/ester på 6 og TiCl4/C2H5OH på 12.
35 Det hele blev derpå opvarmet til 100 °C, holdt på denne temperatur i 2 timer og derpå filtreret ved 100 °C. Det resulterende faste produkt blev behandlet med 110 ml
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15
TiCl. ved 120 °C 1 2 timer. Efter dette tidsrum blev 4
TiCl^ fjernet ved filtrering, og det faste stof blev derefter vasket med n-heptan ved temperaturer, der aftog fra 90 °C til stuetemperatur indtil chloridionen forsvandt, 5 og derpå blev det holdt i heptanisk opløsning.
Den således fremstillede katalytiske komponent udviste det samme Røntgenstråle-spektrum som den katalytiske komponent fra eksempel 1.
10
Esteren, egenskaberne af den faste katalytiske komponent og resultaterne af polymerisationsprøverne er rapporteret i tabel I.
15 Sammenlignende eksempel 1 og 2
Man gentog eksempel 1, men under anvendelse af den faste katalytiske komponent, der er fremstillet i henhold til eksempel 1 i NO patentskrift nr. 157 179. Røntgenstråle-20 pulverspektret var af lignende art som for den katalytiske komponent fra eksempel 1.
Resultaterne af polymerisationsprøven er rapporteret i tabel I.
25
Sammenlignende eksempel 3
Eksempel 4 blev gentaget, men man anvendte en fast, katalytisk komponent fremstillet i henhold til eksempel 3 i 30 SE patentskrift nr. 445 402. Røntgenstråle-spektret af den pågældende katalytiske komponent var af lignende art som for eksempel 1-2. Egenskaberne af det faste produkt og resultaterne af polymerisationsprøverne er rapporteret i tabel I.
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a β β β Ε · 0 0 0 øprHCHco^ ε ε ε w β ε ε ε χ ro ro 0 ω www
Claims (6)
1. Fast komponent til anvendelse i kombination med en Al-5 alkyl-forbindelse og en siliciumforbindelse med en eller flere Si-OR-, Si-OCOR- og Si-NR2~bindinger (hvor R er et hydrocarbyl-radikal) til dannelse af katalysatorer til polymerisation af α-olefiner, hvilken komponent omfatter et vandfrit Mg-dihalogenid i aktiv form som essentiel 10 bærer, og understøttet på Mg-dihalogenidet et Ti-halo-genid eller et Ti-halogenalkoholat og en elektrondonorforbindelse, kendetegnet ved, at elektrondonorforbindelsen er valgt blandt: 15 1) Mono- og diestere af aromatiske bicarboxylsyrer med COOH-grupperne i ortho-position, hvor R-hydrocarbyl-radikalerne i COOR-grupperne indeholder under 3 car-bonatomer, og hvor mindst et af disse radikaler indeholder 2 carbonatomer og 20
2. Fast komponent som defineret i krav 1, kende-30 tegnet ved, at Mg-dihalogenidet er Mg-dichlorid og Mg-dibromid, at Ti-halogenidet er et Ti-tetrahalogenid, og at elektrondonor-forbindelsen er diethylphthalat, methyl- og ethylpivalat, methyl- og ethyl-methacrylat.
2. Estere af mættede og umættede carboxylsyrer med formlen RC00R', hvor R-hydrocarbylradikalet enten er et mættet eller umættet, forgrenet radikal indeholdende 3-20 carbonatomer eller et arylalkyl-radikal med 7-20 25 carbonatomer eller et aryl-radikal med 3-20 carbon atomer, og hvor R' er et hydrocarbyl-radikal med under 3 carbonatomer.
3. Katalysatorer til polymerisation af a-olefiner, kendetegnet ved, at de omfatter reaktionsproduktet af følgende komponenter: DK 164878 B a) en Al-trialkyl- eller en Al-alkyl-forbindelse indeholdende 2 eller flere Al-atomer, der er bundet til hinanden via et oxygen- eller nitrogenatom eller via SO^-eller SO^-grupper; 5 b) en siliciumforbindelse indeholdende en eller flere SiOCOR- eller Si-NR2~bindinger, hvor R er et hydrocar-byl-radikal; 10 c) en fast komponent som defineret i krav 1-3.
4. Katalysatorer som defineret i krav 3, kendetegnet ved, at siliciumforbindelsen fra komponent b) er en phenyl-trialkoxysilan eller en diphenyldialkoxy-15 silan eller en alkyl-di- eller -trialkoxysilan.
5. Katalysatorer som defineret i krav 4 hvorved komponent c) er den faste komponent som defineret i krav 2.
6. Fremgangsmåde til polymerisation af a-olefiner CHL^CHR, hvori R er et alkylradikal med 1-4 C-atomer eller et arylradikal og blandinger af disse olefiner med ethylen, kendetegnet ved, at polymerisationsprocessen gennemføres i flydende fase, eventuelt i nærvær 25 af et indifferent carbonhydrid-opløsningsmiddel eller i gasfase i nærvær af en katalysator som defineret i krav 3-5. 30 35
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT2414180 | 1980-08-13 | ||
| IT8024141A IT1209255B (it) | 1980-08-13 | 1980-08-13 | Catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione di olefine. |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK349781A DK349781A (da) | 1982-02-14 |
| DK164878B true DK164878B (da) | 1992-08-31 |
| DK164878C DK164878C (da) | 1993-01-11 |
Family
ID=11212191
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK349881A DK163248C (da) | 1980-08-13 | 1981-08-06 | Katalysator til polymerisation af alfa-olefiner samt katalysatorbestanddel til anvendelse af en fast komponent ved fremstilling af denne |
| DK349781A DK164878C (da) | 1980-08-13 | 1981-08-06 | Fast katalysatorkomponent og katalysator til brug ved polymerisation af alfa-olefiner samt anvendelse af katalysatoren |
| DK349681A DK160256C (da) | 1980-08-13 | 1981-08-06 | Katalysator til polymerisation af alfa-olefiner samt katalysatorbestanddel til anvendelse ved fremstilling af denne |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK349881A DK163248C (da) | 1980-08-13 | 1981-08-06 | Katalysator til polymerisation af alfa-olefiner samt katalysatorbestanddel til anvendelse af en fast komponent ved fremstilling af denne |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK349681A DK160256C (da) | 1980-08-13 | 1981-08-06 | Katalysator til polymerisation af alfa-olefiner samt katalysatorbestanddel til anvendelse ved fremstilling af denne |
Country Status (27)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (4) | US6515085B1 (da) |
| EP (4) | EP0223010B1 (da) |
| JP (11) | JPS5763311A (da) |
| KR (3) | KR840000802B1 (da) |
| AR (1) | AR244254A1 (da) |
| AT (4) | ATE42311T1 (da) |
| AU (3) | AU552621B2 (da) |
| BR (3) | BR8105185A (da) |
| CA (3) | CA1185960A (da) |
| CS (2) | CS226436B2 (da) |
| DE (4) | DE3177124D1 (da) |
| DK (3) | DK163248C (da) |
| ES (3) | ES8300796A1 (da) |
| FI (3) | FI70030C (da) |
| HU (3) | HU186400B (da) |
| IN (3) | IN154219B (da) |
| IT (1) | IT1209255B (da) |
| MX (3) | MX159151A (da) |
| NO (3) | NO159282C (da) |
| PH (3) | PH17763A (da) |
| PL (3) | PL140238B1 (da) |
| PT (3) | PT73501A (da) |
| RU (1) | RU2111975C1 (da) |
| SG (1) | SG33087G (da) |
| SU (2) | SU1457813A3 (da) |
| YU (3) | YU42418B (da) |
| ZA (3) | ZA815496B (da) |
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1981
- 1981-08-06 NO NO812675A patent/NO159282C/no unknown
- 1981-08-06 DK DK349881A patent/DK163248C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-06 FI FI812442A patent/FI70030C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-06 NO NO812676A patent/NO160303C/no unknown
- 1981-08-06 DK DK349781A patent/DK164878C/da active
- 1981-08-06 NO NO812677A patent/NO159283C/no unknown
- 1981-08-06 DK DK349681A patent/DK160256C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-06 FI FI812441A patent/FI70029C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-06 FI FI812440A patent/FI70028C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-07 PH PH26024A patent/PH17763A/en unknown
- 1981-08-07 PH PH26023A patent/PH17748A/en unknown
- 1981-08-07 PH PH26022A patent/PH17760A/en unknown
- 1981-08-07 SU SU813389099A patent/SU1457813A3/ru active
- 1981-08-10 PT PT73501A patent/PT73501A/pt unknown
- 1981-08-10 ZA ZA815496A patent/ZA815496B/xx unknown
- 1981-08-10 ZA ZA815491A patent/ZA815491B/xx unknown
- 1981-08-10 PT PT73500A patent/PT73500A/pt unknown
- 1981-08-10 PT PT73499A patent/PT73499B/pt unknown
- 1981-08-10 ZA ZA815487A patent/ZA815487B/xx unknown
- 1981-08-11 IN IN894/CAL/81A patent/IN154219B/en unknown
- 1981-08-11 PL PL1981232575A patent/PL140238B1/pl unknown
- 1981-08-11 AR AR81286397A patent/AR244254A1/es active
- 1981-08-11 AU AU73972/81A patent/AU552621B2/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-11 PL PL1981232574A patent/PL139915B1/pl unknown
- 1981-08-11 IN IN893/CAL/81A patent/IN155867B/en unknown
- 1981-08-11 IN IN892/CAL/81A patent/IN154898B/en unknown
- 1981-08-11 AU AU73973/81A patent/AU557334B2/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-11 PL PL1981232576A patent/PL140239B1/pl unknown
- 1981-08-11 AU AU73971/81A patent/AU559388B2/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-12 YU YU1958/81A patent/YU42418B/xx unknown
- 1981-08-12 CS CS816045A patent/CS226436B2/cs unknown
- 1981-08-12 SU SU813450787A patent/SU1568890A3/ru active
- 1981-08-12 YU YU1959/81A patent/YU42419B/xx unknown
- 1981-08-12 CA CA000383747A patent/CA1185960A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-12 HU HU812342A patent/HU186400B/hu unknown
- 1981-08-12 BR BR8105185A patent/BR8105185A/pt unknown
- 1981-08-12 ES ES504717A patent/ES8300796A1/es not_active Expired
- 1981-08-12 YU YU1957/81A patent/YU42579B/xx unknown
- 1981-08-12 MX MX188711A patent/MX159151A/es unknown
- 1981-08-12 BR BR8105189A patent/BR8105189A/pt unknown
- 1981-08-12 BR BR8105190A patent/BR8105190A/pt unknown
- 1981-08-12 CA CA000383700A patent/CA1185961A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-12 HU HU812342A patent/HU186399B/hu unknown
- 1981-08-12 ES ES504716A patent/ES8300795A1/es not_active Expired
- 1981-08-12 CA CA000383709A patent/CA1174225A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-12 RU SU3397401A patent/RU2111975C1/ru active
- 1981-08-12 CS CS816046A patent/CS226437B2/cs unknown
- 1981-08-12 ES ES504715A patent/ES504715A0/es active Granted
- 1981-08-12 MX MX188710A patent/MX159065A/es unknown
- 1981-08-12 MX MX188712A patent/MX159066A/es unknown
- 1981-08-12 HU HU812341A patent/HU186397B/hu unknown
- 1981-08-13 DE DE8181106300T patent/DE3177124D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-08-13 EP EP86112847A patent/EP0223010B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-08-13 EP EP81106300A patent/EP0045976B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-08-13 EP EP81106301A patent/EP0045977B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-08-13 KR KR1019810002942A patent/KR840000802B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1981-08-13 JP JP56126026A patent/JPS5763311A/ja active Granted
- 1981-08-13 AT AT81106299T patent/ATE42311T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-13 AT AT81106300T patent/ATE48144T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-13 AT AT86112847T patent/ATE68794T1/de active
- 1981-08-13 DE DE8181106299T patent/DE3177032D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-08-13 KR KR1019810002944A patent/KR840000804B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1981-08-13 AT AT81106301T patent/ATE24731T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-13 JP JP56126025A patent/JPS5763310A/ja active Granted
- 1981-08-13 DE DE8686112847T patent/DE3177262D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-08-13 KR KR1019810002943A patent/KR840000803B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1981-08-13 JP JP56126027A patent/JPS5763312A/ja active Granted
- 1981-08-13 EP EP81106299A patent/EP0045975B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-13 DE DE8181106301T patent/DE3175804D1/de not_active Expired
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1987
- 1987-04-10 SG SG330/87A patent/SG33087G/en unknown
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1990
- 1990-08-20 JP JP2217248A patent/JPH03115310A/ja active Granted
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1991
- 1991-06-18 JP JP3171844A patent/JPH075662B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-18 JP JP3171823A patent/JPH0670097B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1994
- 1994-01-31 JP JP6025984A patent/JP2500297B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-31 JP JP6025986A patent/JP2500298B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-05 JP JP6174844A patent/JP2647625B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-05 JP JP6174845A patent/JP2647626B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1995
- 1995-01-10 US US08/371,048 patent/US6515085B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-12 US US08/439,678 patent/US5539067A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-06 US US08/469,735 patent/US6194342B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-06 US US08/469,734 patent/US5618771A/en not_active Ceased
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1996
- 1996-07-29 JP JP8214949A patent/JP2749799B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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