JP4181411B2 - 安定化した芳香供給成分およびこれを含む食材 - Google Patents
安定化した芳香供給成分およびこれを含む食材 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4181411B2 JP4181411B2 JP2002574763A JP2002574763A JP4181411B2 JP 4181411 B2 JP4181411 B2 JP 4181411B2 JP 2002574763 A JP2002574763 A JP 2002574763A JP 2002574763 A JP2002574763 A JP 2002574763A JP 4181411 B2 JP4181411 B2 JP 4181411B2
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- Prior art keywords
- aroma
- component
- stabilized
- fragrance
- coffee
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/48—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds, extracts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/46—Coffee flavour; Coffee oil; Flavouring of coffee or coffee extract
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
- A23B2/70—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals
- A23B2/725—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B2/729—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23B2/762—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
- A23B2/70—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals
- A23B2/725—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B2/729—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23B2/767—Organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B70/00—Preservation of non-alcoholic beverages
- A23B70/10—Preservation of non-alcoholic beverages by addition of preservatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/40—Tea flavour; Tea oil; Flavouring of tea or tea extract
- A23F3/42—Isolation or recuperation of tea flavour or tea oil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
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Description
本発明は、芳香供給成分と、芳香供給成分中の化合物と化学的に相互作用して、(a)芳香に所望なフレーバーまたは官能特性を賦与する所望な化合物量を増加させ、または(b)所望なフレーバー特性を抑制するまたは芳香中の望ましくないフレーバーまたは官能特性に寄与しまたはそれを生じさせる望ましくない化合物の量を減少させるのに十分な量で含まれる安定剤とを含んでなる、安定化した芳香供給成分に関する。好ましい態様では、安定化した芳香供給成分は、芳香供給成分中の望ましくない化合物と化学的に反応して(a)保管中の芳香供給成分中の芳香の1個以上の所望なフレーバーまたは官能特性のかなりの部分を保持し、または(b)芳香供給成分の保管中に質の悪いフレーバーの生成を減少させるのに十分な量で含まれる。芳香供給成分は、この芳香供給成分の長期保存の後であっても所望なフレーバーまたは官能特性を示すその芳香を有する食物または飲料製品の形成時に芳香を供給することができる。
本明細書で用いる「芳香供給成分」という用語は、他の食物または飲料形成成分に添加して消費のための最終製品を形成する化合物または他の成分を意味する。芳香供給成分を他の食物または飲料形成成分から単離、濃縮または分離した後に処理を行ってもよく、安定化処理の後に再添加される。次に、芳香供給成分は、食物または飲料製品を調製するときには、一層所望な芳香を供給することができる。典型的には、本発明の芳香供給成分としては、コーヒー芳香、チョコレート芳香、ココア、麦芽、茶芳香、またはそれらのメイラード反応生成物、またはそれらの任意の組合せのような芳香が挙げられる。
安定剤は、アルデヒドまたはケトンのような化合物に含まれるカルボニル基と反応して、全般的フレーバー特性を減少させる他のコーヒー芳香化合物と反応しない不活性物を形成し、
安定剤は、ジスルフィド結合を開裂して、所望な遊離チオールの濃度を高め、または
安定剤は、酸素掃去剤として作用して、酸化によるコーヒー芳香のフレーバー特性の劣化を防止し、または
安定剤は、酸化防止剤として作用して、フリーラジカルおよび他の酸化化合物の酸化による芳香のフレーバー特性の劣化を防止し、または
これらの内在性酸化防止剤活性により、経時的なチオールおよびピロールの分解を保護し、または
安定剤は、望ましくない褐変、重合、または縮合反応を減少させまたは制御し、または
安定剤は、カルボニルと保管中に結合し、その少なくとも一部又はすべては飲料が再構成されるときに放出される。
注 単位は、メタンチオールについては、0.5gの焙煎して粉砕したコーヒー当たりのppbメチルブチレート当量であることを除き、1gの焙煎して粉砕したコーヒー当たりのppmメチルブチレート当量である。
ピロール: 1ヶ月後には本質的に総て保持され、3ヶ月後には少なくとも約60-90%保持され、1年間の保管後には最初の量の少なくとも30-50%が保持され、または
チオール: 1ヶ月後には、少なくとも最初の量と同量かまたはそれより多く、3ヶ月後には、60-90%より多く、1年間の保管後には、最初の量の40-50%より多くが保持され、または
アルデヒドおよびケトン: 総ての関連測定時期において、最初の量の少なくとも約30%から50-90%程度まで除去または結合された。
下記の例は、本発明の最も好ましい態様を例示する目的で示される。
焙煎して粉砕した(「R&G」)コーヒーを水で抽出して、コーヒー抽出物を形成する。この抽出物をスチームストリッピングカラムを通過させ、揮発性フレーバー/芳香成分をストリッピングによって除いて、濃縮して、芳香留出物として集め、R&Gコーヒー100g当たり約80gの芳香留出物が回収される。
亜硫酸ナトリウムを、保管容器のライナーを形成する目的で配置される透過性フィルムに組込む。次に、この容器に例1により得た液体留出物流を満たして、容器を密封する。亜硫酸ナトリウムはフィルムを通って、約0.1%の量で留出物中に透過する。これは、室温6ヶ月間の密封容器中の留出物の保管中に起こる。コーヒー固形物は、留出物とは別個に、同じ期間室温保管される。次に、コーヒー固形物を留出物と混合し、熱水を混合物に加えて飲料を形成する。消費時に、生成する飲料は、比較的長期保管したにも拘わらず、新鮮なコーヒーを思い起こさせるフレーバーを有することが見出されている。
亜硫酸ナトリウムを紙製茶バッグから作製した小袋に組込み、例1の保管容器に入れる。次に、この容器に例1により得た液体留出物流を満たして、容器を密封する。亜硫酸ナトリウムは、室温6ヶ月間の容器の保管中に留出物中に次第に浸出する。コーヒー固形物は、留出物とは別個に、同じ期間室温保管される。次に、コーヒー固形物を留出物と混合し、熱水を混合物に加えて飲料を形成する。消費時に、生成飲料は、新鮮なコーヒーを思い起こさせるフレーバーを有する。
芳香留出物流は、例1に準じて得る。気体状二酸化硫黄を、留出物中に通じる。これにより、芳香留出物に500ppmSO2の当量が供給される。処理した留出物を、室温にて6ヶ月間の密封容器中に保管する。コーヒー固形物は、留出物とは別個に、同じ期間室温保管される。次に、コーヒー固形物を留出物と混合し、熱水を混合物に加えて飲料を形成する。消費時に、生成する飲料は、新鮮なコーヒーを思い起こさせるフレーバーを有することが分かった。
亜硫酸ナトリウム粉末1gを例1の留出物1000gと十分に攪拌しながら混合して、亜硫酸塩を留出物液体に溶解する。次に、留出物を重量で1%未満のコーヒー固形物と混合し、生成混合物を密封容器中で室温にて6ヶ月間保管する。別個に、保管されたコーヒー固形物を、次に芳香混合物と混合した後、熱水を混合物に加えて、飲料を形成する。消費時に、この飲料は、新鮮なコーヒーを思い起こさせるフレーバーを有することが見出されている。
コーヒー芳香留出物を、例1と同様にR&Gコーヒー2000gから集める。芳香留出物をコーヒーベース濃縮物と混合し、混合物を室温にて6ヶ月間保管する。次に、混合物を熱水に加えて、飲料を形成する。消費時に、生成飲料は、カビ臭いコーヒーに似た粗悪なフレーバーを有することが見出されている。
コーヒー芳香留出物を、例1と同様に一定量のR&Gコーヒーから集める。芳香留出物を、R&Gコーヒー固形物とは別個に6ヶ月間保管する。その後、留出物をコーヒー固形物と混合した後、混合物を熱水に加えて飲料を形成する。消費時に、生成飲料は、例1-5の飲料のフレーバーより低品質であるが、例6より良好なフレーバーを有することが見出されている。
例1-5の安定化したコーヒー芳香をカプセル化して、安定で取扱いが容易なカプセルを形成し、それらを飲料調製工程中の任意の時点でコーヒー固形物に加えることができる。カプセル化した芳香は、既に可溶性粉末形態の固形物に加えることができ、またはフレーバリングとして即席飲料または他の食物製品、例えば、アイスクリーム組成物に加えることができる。
粉末状コーヒーミックス、即席飲料、アイスクリーム、およびキャンディーなどの様々な食物製品を、例1-5および8の安定化したコーヒー芳香の適量を用いて処方することができる。
R&Gコーヒーを水で抽出して、コーヒー抽出物を形成する。この抽出物をスチームストリッピングカラムを通過させ、揮発性フレーバー/芳香成分をストリッピングし、濃縮して、芳香留出物として集める。
例10の安定化したコーヒー芳香をカプセル化して安定且つ取扱いが容易なカプセルを形成し、それらを飲料調製工程中の任意の時点でコーヒー固形物に添加できるようにすることができる。カプセル化した芳香をフレーバリングとして即席チョコレート飲料に加えて、コーヒー風味の熱チョコレート飲料を形成する。
芳香留出物流は、例1に準じて得る。カルボニルは、酵素、酵母抽出物または蒸留によって減少させまたは除去する。次に、亜硫酸ナトリウム粉末の5-10ppmのSO2当量とカテキン200μmを留出物と十分に攪拌しながら混合して、亜硫酸塩とカテキンを留出物液体に溶解する。生成する溶液を、芳香の浸透を防止し且つ過剰量の酸化が芳香を分解するのを防止する酸素ヘッドスペースのない密封容器に保管する。
Claims (15)
- 気体、液体または粉末形態の、揮発性化合物である芳香供給成分と、硫黄、窒素、酸素または炭素の少なくとも1個の原子を含む親核試薬の安定剤とを含んでなる安定化した芳香供給成分であって、安定剤が、芳香供給成分中の化合物と化学的に相互作用して、(a)チオールの量を増加させ、または(b)カルボニル基の量を減少させるのに十分な量で芳香供給成分と共に含まれており、安定化した芳香供給成分を、食物、飲料、食物形成または飲料形成材料の別成分と合わせて、安定化されていない芳香供給成分と比較して改良された芳香を含む製品にする前に、安定剤が芳香供給成分と共に含まれている、上記安定化した芳香供給成分。
- 安定剤が1〜50,000ppmの量で含まれている親核試薬である、請求項1に記載の安定化した芳香供給成分。
- チオールまたはチオールを生成する化合物を含む1個以上の追加成分、或いは芳香供給成分中のフリーラジカルの生成を減少させまたは掃去するのに十分な量の酸化防止剤を更に含んでなる、請求項1に記載の安定化した芳香供給成分。
- 安定剤がS02、亜硫酸塩もしくは亜硫酸塩、または、チオール、アミンもしくはアミノ酸を含み、1〜20,000ppmの量で含まれている化合物または物質である、請求項1に記載の安定化した芳香供給成分。
- 安定剤が、亜硫酸化剤、含硫アミノ酸もしくはそれらの塩、または酵母もしくは酵母エキスを含む、請求項1に記載の安定化した芳香供給成分。
- 安定剤が、システインまたはグルタチオン、またはそれらの塩を含んでなる、請求項1に記載の安定化した芳香供給成分。
- 安定剤が酵素であり、芳香供給成分中の化合物のアルデヒド基と反応するのに十分な量で含まれている、請求項1に記載の安定化した芳香供給成分。
- 茶芳香、またはメイラード反応生成物、またはそれらの組合せを提供する、請求項1に記載の安定化した芳香供給成分。
- チョコレートまたはココア芳香を提供し、安定剤がチョコレート芳香中の化合物に含まれているカルボニル基の幾らかまたは全部と反応するのに十分な量で含まれている、請求項1に記載の安定化した芳香供給成分。
- 食物、飲料、食物形成成分、または飲料形成性分の第一成分と、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の安定化した芳香供給成分の第二成分とを含んでなる食材であって、安定化した芳香供給成分が、芳香を保管中の少なくとも6ヶ月間保持する、上記食材。
- 消費の前に飲料として再構成するための液体を更に含んでなる、請求項10に記載の食材。
- 液体を食材および安定化した芳香供給成分と合わせることによって形成した溶液、懸濁液、分散液またはスラリーの形態の、請求項11に記載の食材。
- 溶液、懸濁液、分散液またはスラリーの乾燥によって得られる粉末形態であり、後で液体を加えて消費の目的で再構成するときまで保管される粉末である、請求項10に記載の食材。
- 安定剤が、安定化した芳香供給成分中に、芳香再構成後3〜25分間にわたって芳香を制御放出するのに有効な量で含まれている、請求項10に記載の食材。
- 安定化した芳香供給成分を食材とは別個に包装し、粉末形態であり、揮発性物質の放出を遅らせるために凍結させ、カプセル化し、エマルションとして供給し、またはキャリヤーと会合させている、請求項10に記載の食材。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US27850601P | 2001-03-23 | 2001-03-23 | |
| PCT/EP2002/003026 WO2002076237A2 (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2002-03-13 | Stabilized aroma-providing components and foodstuffs containing same |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2004526027A JP2004526027A (ja) | 2004-08-26 |
| JP2004526027A5 JP2004526027A5 (ja) | 2005-07-21 |
| JP4181411B2 true JP4181411B2 (ja) | 2008-11-12 |
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| JP2002574764A Expired - Fee Related JP4405731B2 (ja) | 2001-03-23 | 2002-03-13 | 芳香供給成分の安定化 |
| JP2002584724A Expired - Fee Related JP4188090B2 (ja) | 2001-03-23 | 2002-03-13 | 芳香含有成分の改良 |
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| JP2002574764A Expired - Fee Related JP4405731B2 (ja) | 2001-03-23 | 2002-03-13 | 芳香供給成分の安定化 |
| JP2002584724A Expired - Fee Related JP4188090B2 (ja) | 2001-03-23 | 2002-03-13 | 芳香含有成分の改良 |
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| EP (3) | EP1377174A2 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JP4181411B2 (ja) |
| KR (3) | KR100899324B1 (ja) |
| CN (3) | CN100435652C (ja) |
| AR (3) | AR033443A1 (ja) |
| AU (3) | AU2002257663B2 (ja) |
| BR (3) | BR0208302A (ja) |
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| MX (3) | MXPA03008548A (ja) |
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| UA (3) | UA84670C2 (ja) |
| WO (3) | WO2002076237A2 (ja) |
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| JP4181411B2 (ja) | 安定化した芳香供給成分およびこれを含む食材 | |
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| US7056546B2 (en) | Stabilizer-free stabilized coffee aroma | |
| AU2002242728A1 (en) | Improvement of aroma-containing components | |
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