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CN104219973A - 电子烟 - Google Patents

电子烟 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104219973A
CN104219973A CN201380018578.3A CN201380018578A CN104219973A CN 104219973 A CN104219973 A CN 104219973A CN 201380018578 A CN201380018578 A CN 201380018578A CN 104219973 A CN104219973 A CN 104219973A
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China
Prior art keywords
heater
electronic cigarettes
cigarettes according
outer tube
operated
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Granted
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CN201380018578.3A
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English (en)
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CN104219973B (zh
Inventor
克里斯托弗·S·塔克
杰弗里·布兰登·乔丹
巴里·S·史密斯
阿里·A·罗斯塔米
老查尔斯·E·B·格伦
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Altria Client Services LLC
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Altria Client Services LLC
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F7/00—Mouthpieces for pipes; Mouthpieces for cigar or cigarette holders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F47/00—Smokers' requisites not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/167—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes in liquid or vaporisable form, e.g. liquid compositions for electronic cigarettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/186—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by coating with a coating composition, encapsulation of tobacco particles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
    • A24B15/241—Extraction of specific substances
    • A24B15/243—Nicotine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
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    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0244—Heating of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0014—Devices wherein the heating current flows through particular resistances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/44—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor arranged within rods or tubes of insulating material
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    • A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
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Abstract

一种电子烟，包括含有液体材料的液体供应部，能被操作用于加热所述液体材料至足以蒸发所述液体材料且形成烟雾的温度的加热器，与所述液体材料连通且与所述加热器连通的芯子，经由所述芯子向所述加热器传递所述液体材料，能被操作用于传递空气至位于所述加热器上游的中心空气通道的至少一个进气口，和具有至少两个分散的出口的吸嘴端插入件。所述电子烟还可以包括引导所进入的空气以远离所述加热器的加热区域的空气流分流器。

Description

电子烟
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请依据美国法典第35卷第119条(e)要求享有于2012年1月31日提交的美国临时申请No.61/593,004的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
所选特征的概要
本发明提供了一种电子烟，其包括可在喷烟过程中蒸发液体材料以产生烟雾的加热器，以及用于减小由于进入的空气对加热器的冷却效果而导致的其降低加热器的性能和烟雾的输出的趋势的空气流分流器。该电子烟还能够包括具有至少两个分散的出口的吸嘴端插入件。
附图说明
图1是根据第一实施例的电子烟的剖视图，其中吸嘴端插入件包括分散的出口。
图2是用于图1中的电子烟的吸嘴端插入件的透视图。
图3是图2中的吸嘴端插入件沿线B-B线的剖视图。
图4是一个实施例的剖视图，其中电子烟包括空气流分流器。
图5是图4中的电子烟的空气流分流器的放大图。
图6是一个实施例的剖视图，其中电子烟包括空气流分流器。
图7是图6中的电子烟沿线A-A的剖面图。
图8是一个实施例的剖视图，其中电子烟包括空气流分流器。
图9是根据第一实施例的并且还包括套筒组件的电子烟的剖视图。
图10是在其外表面上包括香味带的电子烟的俯视图。
图11是用于图1、4、6和8所示的电子烟中的吸嘴端插入件的第二实施例的剖视图。
图12是图11中的吸嘴端插入件的分解图。
图13是一个实施例的剖视图，其中电子烟包括空气流分流器。
图14是图13中的电子烟沿线A'-A'的剖视图。
图15是一个实施例的剖视图，其中电子烟包括空气流分流器。
图16是图15中的电子烟的空气流分流器和存储罐的放大图。
图17是图15中的电子烟的备选空气流分流器和存储罐的放大图。
图18是一个实施例的剖视图，其中电子烟包括空气流分流器。
图19是图18中的电子烟的空气流分流器和存储罐的放大图。
图20是图18中的电子烟的备选空气流分流器和存储罐的放大图。
图21是一个实施例的剖视图，其中电子烟包括存储罐、两个加热器和两个空气流分流器。
图22是图21中的电子烟的存储罐、两个空气流分流器和两个加热器的放大透视图。
图23是一个实施例的剖面表示图，其中与加热器的电连接处于存储罐的内部。
图24是一个实施例的剖面俯视图，其中电子烟包括存储罐和围绕纵向延伸的芯子设置的空气流分流器。
图25是图24中的电子烟的存储罐、纵向地延伸的芯子和空气流分流器的侧视图。
图26是备选存储罐的侧视图，其具有至少一个液体隔间，每一个隔间带有其自己的芯子、加热器和空气流分流器。
图27是另一个备选存储罐的透视图，其具有超过一个液体隔间，每一个隔间带有其自己的芯子、加热器和空气流分流器。
具体实施方式
一种电子烟，通过利用包括至少两个偏离轴线的、优选为分散的出口的一个或多个吸嘴端插入件、至少一个空气流分流器和/或用于构造电子烟的备选材料来提供改良的烟雾输出和/或更好的口感。
不希望被理论所束缚，使用具有至少两个偏离轴线的、优选为分散的出口的吸嘴端插入件允许烟雾更好地分布在吸烟者的口腔内，以便提供更加饱满的口感。吸嘴端插入件还提供用于聚集未雾化的液滴的撞击表面，其可防止这些液滴以未雾化的形式离开该吸嘴端插入件。吸嘴端插入件的撞击表面还用于加强由于在吸烟过程中液体撞击该表面所导致的热量。
而且，虽然不希望被理论所束缚，使用空气流分流器可减慢空气流和/或改变围绕着加热器的一部分的至少部分空气流的方向，以便在电子烟上增加吸气的过程中减小所吸入的空气流冷却加热器的趋势。可以认为，通过减少加热器上的冷却效应，会在电子烟上的更长时间和/或更强烈地吸气的过程中提供更好的烟雾输出，正如吸烟者所期盼的那样。
如图1、4、6、8、9和13所示，一种新型的电子烟60包括可替换的烟弹(或第一部分)70，和可重复使用的夹持件(或第二部分)72，这两部分在螺纹连接部205处连接在一起，或通过例如紧配合、棘爪、夹钳和/或钩子等其他方便的手段连接。第一部分70包括沿纵向方向上延伸的外管6(或套管)和同轴地放置在该外管或套管6内的内管62。第二部分72也可以包括沿纵轴方向延伸的外管6(或套管)。在一个备选实施例中，外管6可以是容纳了第一部分70和第二部分72的单一的管，而且整个电子烟60可以是一次性的。
在一个实施例中，电子烟60还可以包括处于上游密封件15中的中心空气通道20。中心空气通道20朝向内管62打开。而且，电子烟60包括液体供应容器22。该液体供应容器包括液体材料，且可选地包括能被操作用于在其中存储该液体材料的液体存储介质21。在一个实施例中，液体供应容器22处于外管6和内管62之间的外环形区中。该环形区在上游端被密封件15密封，在下游端被液体阻挡器10密封，从而防止液体材料从液体供应容器22泄漏。
在一个实施例中，加热器14也处于内管62中，位于中心空气通道20的下游且与之间隔开。加热器14的形式可以是导线绕圈、平面体、陶瓷体、单一的导线、电阻性导线的笼子，或任何其它合适的形式。芯子28与液体供应容器22中的液体材料连通且与加热器14连通，以便芯子28能够将液体材料送到加热器14的附近。芯子28可以由纤维状的、柔性的材料构成。芯子28优选地包括至少一根具有液体抽取能力的丝，更优选地是，芯子28包括可包含玻璃(或陶瓷)丝的一束丝，且最优选地是包括玻璃丝绕组的群组的一束，优选地为具有三个这样的绕组，所有的布置都能够通过丝之间的间隔空隙借助于毛细作用来抽取液体。第二部分72中的电源1能被操作用于在加热器14上施加电压。电子烟60还包括能被操作用于向中心空气通道20和/或内管62的其他部分传递空气的至少一个进气口44。
电子烟60还包括具有至少两个偏离轴线的、优选为分散的出口24的吸嘴端插入件8。该吸嘴端插入件8通过内管62的内部和延伸穿过的阻挡器10的中央通道63而与中心空气通道20流体连通。而且，如图7和8所示，加热器14优选地在与纵向方向垂直的方向上延伸，并且加热液体材料至足以蒸发液体材料并形成烟雾的温度。在另一些实施例中，也可以构思出加热器14的其他定向。例如，如图13所示，加热器14和芯子28的被加热部分可以纵向地布置在内管62内。优选地，如图所示，加热器14被布置在内管62的中心。然而，在另一些实施例中，加热器14可以布置成临近于内管62的内表面。
现在参照图1，芯子28、液体供应容器22和吸嘴端插入件8处在在第一部分70中，且电源1处在第二部分72中。在一个实施例中，第一部分(烟弹)70是一次性的，第二部分(夹持件)72是可重复使用的。第一部分70和第二部分72可以凭借螺纹连接部205连接，这样，当液体供应容器22用尽时可以替换下游的第一部分70。具有分离的第一部分70和第二部分72提供了许多优势。第一，如果第一部分70包含有至少一个加热器14、液体供应容器22和芯子14，那么当替换第一部分70的时候所有这些可能与液体接触的元件都被丢弃。因此，例如当使用不同的液体材料时，在不同的吸嘴端插入件8之间不会有交叉污染。而且，如果第一部分70在合适的间隔被替换，加热器被液体阻塞的可能性很小。可选地，在第一部分70和第二部分72相接合时，它们布置为可释放地锁在一起。
在一个实施例中，如图10所示，外管6可以包括由透明材料形成的清澈(透明)窗口71，以便允许吸烟者看到液体供应容器22中剩余的液体材料的量。该清澈的窗口71能够在第一部分70的长度的至少一部分上延伸，而且能够全部或者部分地围绕着第一部分70的周向延伸。在另一个实施例中，外管6能够至少部分地由透明材料形成，以便允许吸烟者看到液体供应容器22中剩余的液体材料的量。
在一个实施例中，至少一个进气口44包括一个或两个进气口44，44’。可替换地，可以有三个，四个，五个或者更多进气口。优选地，如果有超过一个进气口44，44’，则该进气口44，44’位于沿着电子烟60的不同位置上。例如，如图1所示，进气口44a可以位于电子烟的上游端且临近喷烟传感器16，以便该喷烟传感器在感应到吸烟者的喷烟时给加热器提供电能。进气口44a应该与吸嘴端插入件8连通，以便吸嘴端插入件上的吸气可激活喷烟传感器。来自进气口44a的空气随后能够沿着电池流动至密封件15内的中心空气通道20，和/或至内管62和/或外管6的其他部分。至少一个附加的进气口44，44’可以处在密封件15的上游的附近，或者处在任何其他合适的位置。变更进气口44，44’的尺寸和数量还能够帮助建立电子烟60的吸气阻力。
在一个实施例中，加热器14设置成与芯子28连接，以便加热包含在芯子28中的液体材料至足以蒸发液体材料并形成烟雾的温度。
加热器14优选地是围绕着芯子28的导线绕组。合适的电阻材料的例子包括钛、锆、钽和铂族金属。合适的金属合金的例子包括不锈钢、含有镍、钴、铬、铝、钛、锆、铪、铌、钼、钽、钨、锡、镓、锰和铁的合金，以及基于镍、铁、钴、不锈钢的超级合金。例如，加热器可以由镍铝化合物、在表面上具有一层氧化铝的材料、铁铝化合物和其他复合材料形成，并且依据能量传递动力学及所需外部的物理化学性质，可在绝缘性材料上可选择地嵌入、封装或涂覆电阻性材料在，或相反。优选地，加热器14包括至少一种选自包含不锈钢、铜、铜合金、镍铬合金、超级合金以及其组合的群组内的材料。在一个实施例中，加热器14由镍铬合金或铁铬合金形成。在一个实施例中，加热器14可以是其外表面上具有电阻材料层的陶瓷加热器。
在另一个实施例中，加热器14可以由铁铝化合物(例如FeAl或Fe3Al)构成，比如那些在1994年12月29日提交的由Sikka等人共同拥有的美国专利No.5,595,706中所描述的，或者由镍铝化合物(例如Ni3Al)构成。由于铁铝化合物有较高的电阻，因此使用铁铝化合物是特别有利的。FeAl的电阻约为180微欧姆，而不锈钢的电阻约为50至91微欧姆。较高的电阻率降低了抽取于电源(电池)1中或加载于其上的电流。
在一个实施例中，加热器14包括至少部分地围绕芯子28的导线线圈。在此实施例中，该导线优选地是金属导线，和/或部分地沿着芯子28的长度延伸的加热线圈。该加热线圈可以完全或部分地沿着芯子28的周围延伸。在另一个实施例中，加热线圈不与芯子28接触。
优选地，加热器14通过热传导来加热芯子28中的液体。可替换地，可以通过传热元件来将热量从加热器14传导给液体，或者加热器14可以将热量传递给在使用过程中被抽入电子烟60的进入的环境空气，其随后通过对流给液体加热。
在一个实施例中，芯子包括陶瓷材料或者陶瓷纤维。如上面所指出，芯子28至少部分地被加热器14围绕。而且，在一个实施例中，芯子28延伸穿过内管62内的相对的开口，以便芯子28的第一端部29和第二端部31与液体供应容器22接触。
优选地，芯子28可包括多根丝或丝束。该丝通常可以与和电子烟的纵向方向垂直的方向对齐。在一个实施例中，芯子28的结构由能够通过毛细作用经由加热器14的丝之间的中间间隙来抽取液体材料的陶瓷丝形成。芯子28可包括横截面大致是十字形、三叶草形、Y形或任何其他合适形状的丝。
优选地，芯子28包括任何合适的材料或材料的组合。合适材料的例子有玻璃丝、陶瓷基材料或石墨基材料。而且，芯子28可以具有任何合适的毛细吸引作用，以适应液体物理性能比如密度、粘度、表面张力和蒸气压力不同的可产生烟雾的液体。芯子28的毛细作用和液体的性质相结合，确保了芯子28在加热器14的区域中总是润湿的，从而避免加热器14的过热。
作为使用芯子28的替代，加热器14可以是具有足够的毛细作用的多孔材料，其结合有由能够快速发热的高电阻率材料所形成的电阻发热器。
在一个实施例中，芯子28和液体供应容器22的纤维介质21由氧化铝陶瓷构成。在另一个实施例中，芯子28包括玻璃纤维，纤维介质21包括纤维素材料或聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯。
在一个实施例中，电源1包括布置在电子烟60中以使得阳极处于阴极的下游的电池。电池阳极连接头4与电池的下游端连接。加热器14通过两个间隔开的电引线26(如图4、6和8所示)与电池连接。
优选地，加热器14的未卷绕的端部27，27’(见图5)和电引线26之间的连接是高导电性和高耐热的，而加热器14是高电阻率的，以使热量的产生主要沿着加热器14发生而不是在连接处。
电池可以是锂离子电池或者其变体中的一种，例如锂离子聚合物电池。可替换地，电池可以是镍-金属氢化物电池、镍镉电池、锂锰电池、锂钴电池或燃料电池。在这种情况下，优选地，电子烟60可以被吸烟者使用直至电源中的能量耗尽。可替换地，电源1可被重复充电，且包括允许通过外接充电设备来给电池充电的电路。在这种情况下，优选地该电路当充满电时能为预定次数的喷烟提供能量，此后电路必须再次被连接到外接充电设备上。
优选地，电子烟60还包括具有喷烟传感器16的控制系统。喷烟传感器16能被操作用于感应空气压力降低，且激活电压从电源1施加到加热器14上。该控制电路还可以包括在加热器14被激活时能被操作用于发光的加热器激活灯48。优选地，加热器激活灯48包括LED48且处在电子烟60的上游端，以便加热器激活灯48在喷烟过程中出现燃煤一样的外观。而且，可以将加热器激活灯48设置成使得吸烟者能看见。另外，加热器激活灯48可以被用于电子烟系统的诊断。灯48还可以被设置成使得吸烟者可以激活和/或熄灭该灯48以保护隐私，以便有必要时可以在吸烟过程中不激活该灯48。
优选地，至少一个进气口44a位于喷烟传感器16的附近，以便喷烟传感器16可感受到表征吸烟者吸了一口的空气流，并激活电源1和加热器激活灯48来表明加热器14正在工作。
控制电路可与喷烟传感器16集成在一起，并且响应于喷烟传感器16而给加热器14供电，优选地具有一个最大的时间周期限制。
可替换地，控制电路可以包括用于吸烟者的手动操作开关以开始吸烟。供给加热器的电流的时间周期可以根据预计要蒸发的液体的量来预先设置。为此，该控制电路优选地是可编程的。可替换地，只要喷烟传感器检测到了压力降低，电路就可以给加热器供电。
优选地，当激活后，加热器14加热芯子28中的被加热器所包围住的那一部分少于约10秒，更优选地少于约7秒。因此，供电循环(或者最大喷烟时长)的周期范围可以为约2秒至约10秒(例如，约3秒至约9秒，约4秒至约8秒或者约5秒至约7秒)。
在一个实施例中，液体供应容器22包括含有液体材料的液体存储介质21。在图1、4、6、8、9和13所示的实施例中，液体供应容器22处于内管62和外管6之间以及阻挡器10和密封件15之间的外环形区62内。因此，液体供应容器22至少部分地包围着中心空气通道20和加热器14，且芯子28在液体供应容器22的一部分之间延伸。优选地，液体存储材料是包含棉、聚乙烯、聚酯、人造丝及其组合的纤维材料。优选地，纤维的直径的尺寸范围是约6微米至约15微米(例如约8微米至约12微米或约9微米至约11微米)。液体存储介质21可以是烧结材料、多孔材料或泡沫材料。还优选地，纤维的大小设置成不透气，且可以有Y形、十字形、三叶草形或者任何其他适宜的形状的横截面。可替换地，容器22可以包括不具有纤维性液体存储介质21的填充罐，如参照图15-26所进一步描述的那样。
还优选地，液体材料的沸点适宜用于电子烟60。如果沸点太高，则加热器14不能蒸发芯子28中的液体。然而，如果沸点太低，液体在加热器14未激活之前就会蒸发。
优选地，液体材料包括有含烟草的材料，其中含有在加热时可以从液体中释放的可挥发的烟草香料混合物。液体也可以是含有烟草香料的材料，或者含有尼古丁的材料。作为替代或附加，液体可以包括非烟草材料。例如，液体可以包括水、溶剂、乙醇、植物提取物以及天然或人造香料。优选地，液体材料还包括烟雾形成剂。合适的烟雾形成剂例如有甘油和丙二醇。
在使用中，液体材料从临近加热器14的液体供应容器22和/或液体存储介质21中通过毛细作用传递到芯子28中。在一个实施例中，如图4所示，芯子具有第一端部29和相对的第二端部31。该第一端部29和第二端部31分别伸入到液体存储介质21的相对的两侧，以便和包含于其中的液体材料相接触。还优选地，加热器14至少部分地包围住芯子28的中心部分，以便当激活加热器时，芯子28的中心部分中的液体被加热器14蒸发，从而蒸发液体材料且形成烟雾。
这种实施例的一个优点是，能够保护液体供应容器22中的液体材料不接触到氧气(因为氧气通常不会通过芯子进入液体存储部分)，从而大大降低了液体材料降解的风险。而且，在外管6不是透明的一些实施例中，液体供应容器22也被保护以防止光照，从而大大降低了液体材料降解的风险。因此，可以维持高水平的存储寿命以及清洁度。
如图2和3所示，吸嘴端插入件8包括至少两个分散的出口24(例如3、4、5个或更多，优选地为2至10个出口或更多，更优选地为2至6个出口通道24，再更优选地为4个出口通道24)。优选地，吸嘴端插入件8上的出口24位于偏离轴线的通道80的端部，且相对于电子烟60的纵向方向向外倾斜(即分散开)。此处所使用术语“偏离轴线的”表示与电子烟的纵向方向成一定的角度。还优选地，吸嘴端插入件8(或引流件)包括在吸嘴端插入件8的周围均匀地分布的出口，以便在使用过程中充分地、均匀地分散吸烟者口腔内的烟雾。因此，当烟雾穿入吸烟者的口腔内时，烟雾进入口腔且沿着不同的方向移动，从而可提供与具有单一轴向孔(其将烟雾朝向吸烟者口腔内的单个位置引导)的电子烟相比更加饱满的口感。
此外，出口24和偏离轴线的通道80设置成使得在烟雾中携带的未雾化液体材料的液滴撞击在吸嘴端插入件的内表面81和/或该偏离轴线的通道的内表面上，从而移除或者打散该液滴。在一个实施例中，吸嘴端插入件的出口位于偏离轴线的通道的端部，且和外管6的中心轴线相对倾斜5度至60度，以便在使用过程中更加彻底地分散遍布吸烟者口腔的烟雾并移除液体。
优选地，每一个出口的直径为约0.015英寸至约0.090英寸(例如，约0.020英寸至约0.040英寸，或约0.028英寸至约0.038英寸)。如果需要，可以选择出口24和偏离轴线的通道80的尺寸以及出口的数量，以便调节电子烟60的吸气阻力(RTD)。
如图1所示，吸嘴端插入件8的内表面81可以包含大致半球形的表面。可替换地，如图3所示，吸嘴端插入件8的内表面81'可以是大致圆柱形或者截头圆锥形，带有平面的末端表面。优选地，该内表面在其表面上是大体均匀的，或者沿着吸嘴端插入件8的纵向轴线对称。但是，在另一些实施例中，该内表面可以是不规则的和/或具有其他形状。
优选地，吸嘴端插入件8可以整体附着于烟弹70内的外管6内。而且，吸嘴端插入件8可以由选自含有低密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)以及它们的组合物的群组内的聚合物构成。如果需要，可以给吸嘴端插入件8上色。
在一个实施例中，电子烟60还包括各种空气流分流器或空气流分流器装置的实施例，其显示在图4、6、8、13和15-26中。该空气流分流器能被操作用于处理在加热器上或者围绕加热器的空气流，从而减轻所吸入的空气冷却加热器的倾向，否则其将导致减少的烟雾输出。
在一个实施例中，如图4和5所示，电子烟60可以包括空气流分流器，其具有位于密封件15中的中心空气通道20的下游端82处的防渗塞30。优选地，该中心空气通道20是在密封15件中轴向地延伸的中心通道，该密封件15密封了外管6和内管60之间的环形区的上游端。该空气流分流器可优选地包括至少一个径向的空气通道32，其可从中心空气通道20向外地朝内管62引导空气而进入限定在密封件15的下游端部的外周和内管62的内壁之间的外空气通道84内。
优选地，中心空气通道20的孔的直径与至少一个径向空气通道32的直径大体上相同。还优选地，中心空气通道20和至少一个径向空气通道32的孔的直径的范围为约1.5mm至约3.5mm(例如，约2.0mm至约3.0mm)。可选地，可以调整中心空气通道20和至少一个径向空气通道32的孔的直径，以便控制电子烟60中的吸气阻力。在使用中，空气流进入中心空气通道20的孔，穿过至少一个径向空气通道32且进入外空气通道84，以便该空气流的一小部分被导入加热器14的中心部分，从而在加热循环过程中减小空气流对加热器14的上述的冷却效应。因此，所进入的空气被引导远离加热器14的中心，且与空气流经密封件15上的定向成与加热器14的中间部分直接相对应的中心开口的时候相比，通过加热器的空气速度降低。
在另一个实施例中，如图6和7所示，空气流分流器的形式可以是放置于密封件15的下游端和加热器14之间的圆盘34。该圆盘34包括位于外管壁90的下游端处的横向壁内的至少一个孔36。还优选地，该至少一个孔36是偏离轴线的，以便朝向内管62的内壁引导所进入的空气。在喷烟过程中，圆盘34能被操作用于分散空气流而远离加热器14的中心部分，以便抵消因吸烟者用力或者长时间吸气所导致的空气流冷却加热器的倾向。因此，在加热循环中大体上避免了加热器14的冷却，从而防止在喷烟过程中所产生的烟雾量的降低。
如图13和图14所示，加热器14纵向地定向在内管62内，且圆盘34包括设置用于引导空气流非中心地和/或径向地远离加热器14的中心位置的至少一个孔36。在加热器14纵向地定向在内管62内且临近内管62的内壁的实施例中，孔36可以设置用于引导至少部分空气流远离加热器14，以便在供电循环中减小该空气流对加热器14的冷却效应，和/或可被设置用于减速空气流以达到同样效果。
在另一个实施例中，如图8所示，空气流分流器包括从缩短的中心空气通道20的下游端82处延伸出来的截头圆锥形部分40。与其他实施例相比，通过缩短中心空气通道20，加热器14布置成远离中心空气通道20，从而允许空气流在接触加热器14之前减速，并且减小该空气流冷却加热器14的趋势。可替换地，可以移动加热器14靠近吸嘴端插入件8且远离中心空气通道20，从而允许足以减速的空气流动时间和/或空间，以便达到相同的减少冷却的效果。
优选地，增设截头圆锥形部分40提供了更大直径的孔的尺寸，其可以减速空气流，从而减小加热器14上或者周围的空气速度，以便在喷烟循环过程中减小空气对加热器14的冷却效应。优选地，截头圆锥形部分40的较大(出口)端的直径的范围为约2.0mm至约4.0mm，更优选地为约2.5mm至约3.5mm。
可以调整中心空气通道20的孔的直径和截头圆锥形部分40的较小端和/或较大端的直径，以用于控制电子烟60的吸气阻力。
优选地，各种实施例中的空气流分流器通过控制空气流的速度(其速度和/或该空气流的方向)来输送空气流。例如，空气流分流器可以引导空气流沿一个特定的方向流动，和/或控制空气流的速度。空气流的速度可以通过改变空气流动路线中的横截面面积来控制。空气流动穿过收缩的截面时速度增加，而空气流通穿过较宽的截面时速度降低。
在一个实施例中，电子烟60与传统香烟的尺寸大致相同。在一些实施例中，电子烟60可以是约80mm至约110mm长，优选地约80mm至约100mm长，且直径是约7mm至约8mm。例如，在一个实施例中，电子烟约为84mm长且直径约为7.8mm。
在一个实施例中，图1、4、6和8中的电子烟60还可以包括位于加热器14上游的过滤部分，并且能被操作用于限制通过电子烟60的空气的流动。增设过滤部分可以帮助调整吸气阻力。
外管6和/或内管62可以由任何适用的材料和材料的组合形成。适用材料的例子包括金属、合金、塑料，或者含有一种或多种上述材料的复合材料，或者可用于食物或医药应用的热塑性塑料，例如聚丙烯、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、陶瓷和聚乙烯。优选地，材料轻且不易碎。
如图9所示，电子烟60还可以包括可移除和/或可旋转地位于电子烟70上临近第一部分70的外管6的周围的套筒组件87。而且，该套筒组件87将第一部分70的至少一部分隔热，以便在传递给吸烟者之前保持烟雾的温度。在一个实施例中，套筒组件87可以围绕电子烟60旋转，且包括在套筒组件87上横向分布的间隔开的槽88，从而使槽88和第一部分70上的进气口44对齐，以便当吸烟者吸烟时允许空气传递进入电子烟60。在吸烟之前或吸烟过程中，吸烟者可以旋转套筒组件87，以使进气口44至少部分地被套筒组件87挡住，从而调整电子烟60的吸气阻力和/或通气性能。
优选地，套筒组件87由硅胶或其他柔软的材料制成，以给吸烟者提供柔软的口感。但是，套筒组件87可由一个或多个部分构成，并可以由多种材料包括塑料、金属和它们的组合构成。在一个实施例中，套筒组件87是硅胶制成的单件体。套筒组件87可以被拆掉且再次用于其他的电子香烟，或者和第一部分70一同丢弃。套筒组件87可以是任意适宜的颜色，和/或包括图形或其他标记。
如图10所示，电子烟60还可以包括位于第一部分70和第二部分72中的至少一个的外表面91上的香味带89。可替换地，香味带89可以位于套筒组件87的一部分上。优选地，香味带89位于装置的电源和加热器之间，以便在吸烟过程中香味带89临近于吸烟者的鼻子。香味带89可包括含有在吸烟之前和/或期间释放出的香味料的芳香凝胶、薄膜或溶液。在一个实施例中，当放置在第一部分70中时(未图示)，芳香凝胶、薄膜或溶液中的香味料可以通过可以打开香味带上的一个孔的喷烟动作而释放出。可替换地，加热器14产生的热量可以引起香味料释放。
在一个实施例中，香味带89可以包括烟草香味提取物。这样的提取物可通过将烟草材料研磨成小片并用有机溶剂提取且振动混合物几个小时得到。然后该提取物可被过滤、干燥(例如用硫酸钠)，并在可控的温度和压力下浓缩。可替换地，该提取物可以用在香料化学领域中已知的技术得到，如溶剂辅助萃取香料(SAFE)蒸馏技术(恩格尔等人，1999)，其允许挥发性组分从非挥发性组分中分离。此外，pH值分馏和层析方法可用于进一步分离和/或隔离特定的化合物。该提取物的浓度可以通过用有机溶剂或水进行稀释来调整。
香味带89可以是能够通过例如使用刷子或浸渍的方式来施加提取物的聚合物或纸带。可替换地，提取物可以被封装在纸环和/或纸带中，并且由吸烟者手动地释放，例如通过在吸烟过程中挤压香味带89的方式。
如图11和12所示，在一个备选实施例中，图1、4、6和8所示的电子烟60可以包括具有固定件27以及可旋转件25的吸嘴端插入件8。出口24、24’分别位于固定件27和可旋转件25上。该出口24、24’中的一个或多个如图所示地对齐，以允许烟雾进入吸烟者口腔内。但是，可旋转件25可以在吸嘴端插入件8内旋转，以便能够至少部分地堵住固定的吸嘴端插入件27上的一个或者多个出口24。因此，消费者可以调节每一次喷烟的烟雾量。出口24、24’可以形成在吸嘴端插入件8内，以便在吸入烟雾的过程中出口24、24’分散开而提供更饱满的口感。
在另一个实施例中，空气流分流器包括增设邻近加热器14但是刚好在其上游的第二芯子元件。该第二芯子元件使部分空气流围绕加热器14分散开。
在另一个实施例中，如图15所示，电子烟60包括可替换的烟弹(或第一部分)70、可重复使用的夹持件(或第二部分)72，这两部分在螺纹连接部205处连接在一起，或通过例如紧配合、棘爪、夹钳和/或钩子等其他方便的手段连接。第二部分72可以按照上述关于其他的实施例的教导来构造，例如在图1中展示和描述的实施例。
还参照图15，在此实施例中，第一部分70包括沿纵向方向上延伸的外管(或套管)6，以及位于螺纹连接部205和吸嘴端插入件8之间的呈截头圆柱形的存储罐22的形式的液体供应容器。优选地，存储罐22包括由绝热塑料或玻璃纤维织物构成的单独成型的、自支撑的(分立式的)中空体。在一个实施例中，存储罐22通常可以是细长的部分圆柱体的形式，其一侧被截断。在一个实施例中，存储罐22具有横向尺寸，比如在图16中的箭头“X”的方向，而且其被截断以便上述的横向尺寸大约是存储罐22的直径的三分之二。在其他实施例中上述横向尺寸可以变化，这取决于设计的需要，比如所需要的罐容量，或外管6内为了容纳加热器和引导空气流所需的空间。例如，在图15所示的实施例中，存储罐22具有半圆形横截面，或等于罐直径的二分之一的横向尺寸。
在一个实施例中，存储罐22可以是与外管6分离的结构，且包括纵向延伸的平面板101和弧形的、纵向延伸的平面103。该弧形的平面103优选地与外管6的内表面127相符合或配合。可以预期，通过例如位于沿着外管6的内表面127的预定位置处的间隔开的脊部333和333’或轨道/滑动连接(例如见图22)、摩擦配合或卡扣配合等方便的手段，可以将存储罐22保持在相对于外管6的内表面127的某一位置中。作为附加或者替代，液体吸收材料的阻挡器10和密封件15的圆盘可以相对存储罐22的内部部分定位，从而保持存储罐22就位，并且还吸收任何可能从存储罐22或芯子28处无意地泄露的液体。圆盘10、15均可设有孔11，以便允许空气和/或烟雾从中通过。
在该优选的实施例中，芯子28与液体供应容器22的内部连通且与加热器14连通，以便芯子28可通过毛细作用从液体供应容器22抽取液体至加热器14的附近。芯子28优选地是一束柔性的丝，其第一端部29和第二端部31放置在液体供应容器22的范围内。优选地，液体供应容器的内容物是如上针对芯子28的第一端部29和第二端部31所述的液体。优选地，芯子28的第一端部29和第二端部31占据了罐内部的主要部分，以便电子烟60的定向不会影响到芯子28抽取液体的能力。可选择地，存储罐22可以包括丝或纱布或纤维网，从而维持存储罐22内部的液体的分布。
优选地，加热器14可以包括围绕芯子28的一部分的电阻式导线的线圈绕组。作为替换或者附加，加热器可以包括单一导线、一笼的导线、印制的“导线”、金属网或者其他替代线圈的布置。加热器14和相关联的芯子部分28可以如图16所示地放置在存储罐22的平面板101的中心，或者可以放置在其一个端部上，或者可以是放置在平面板101的中心或者相对的端部处的一个或两个或者更多的加热器14。
现参照图15和图16，在一个实施例中，在加热器14的附近提供了空气流分流器100。该分流器100通常可以采取椭圆形的盾或壁105的形式，其从平面板101的平面向外延伸且临近于加热器14和芯子28，从而分流接近的气流以远离加热器14，由此，与无空气流分流器100的布置相比，被吸入而直接流过加热器的空气的量减小。
优选地，椭圆壁105的端部是敞开的，以便当加热器14被激活而在其附近新产生烟雾时，这样的过饱和的烟雾可以从分流器100的范围内被抽出。不希望被理论所束缚，这样的布置利用吸气动作或经过加热器14和端部敞开的分流器100的空气的文丘里效应来释放烟雾。可选地，在分流器100的壁105中提供了孔107，以便倾向于从分流器100的范围内抽取烟雾的空气的吸入动作不必克服真空而工作。这些孔107的尺寸可以设置成能提供最佳的被吸入分流器100的范围内的空气的量。因此，减小和控制了被吸入而接触加热器14的空气，且接近的空气流的主要部分被分流且从加热器14的旁边通过，甚至在电子烟60上加重吸气的过程中也是如此。
此外，可以利用孔107来引导加热元件14的端部27，27’的路线，或者可以提供分散的孔或槽。在图16的实施例中，加热元件14的端部27，27’和电引线26，26’在电触头111，111’处连接，该电触头建立在平面板101上的临近分流器100的位置上。如图17所示，电触头111，111’可以替换性地建立在壁105’自身上。
返回来看图16，椭圆形分流器壁105沿着纵向轴线对称，以便分流器100可以放置在如图16所示的方位上，或者偏离该方位180度，这可促进电子烟60的加工和装配。
现在参照图17，分流器100可以替代性地配置成具有包括端部敞开的下游部分109的椭圆形壁105，其进一步促进了来自加热器14周围的烟雾的释放。可以预见，分流器100的壁105可以采取浅“U”或“V”的形式，且能够包括至少部分地位于加热器14上方的弓形部分。在图15、16和17所示的实施例中，该椭圆形盾或壁105定向成使其纵向轴线大致平行于电子烟60的纵向轴线。
在图18、19和20中，分流器100和加热器14的定向可替代性地与电子烟60的纵向轴线垂直。上述定向中的一种可以减少气流的干扰，另一种定向可以产生更大数量的漩涡或类似情况，从而促进空气与烟雾的混合。
关于图15～20所示的各种实施例，可以预见，存储罐22可以在其一端具有盖335。当移开盖335时可以在存储罐22中填充液体，之后再关闭盖335。可以采用摩擦配合或卡扣配合来保持盖335在某一位置，或者将该盖335热熔连接在某一位置。可以预见，也可以采用存储罐22结构的其他部分来进行填充。例如，可以将平面板101制作为分离的、可连接的件，用于替代盖335来进行填充操作。分离的、可连接的平面板101是有利的，这是因为在将平面板101连接到存储罐22的其余部分上之前，分流器100结构能够与平面板101连接或者与之形成为一体。这样的布置还促进了在分流器100的范围内安装芯子28和加热器14。还可以预见，分流器100可以是盆或鞋状形式的单独的件，其底面带有用于接受芯子28的第一端部29和第二端部31的孔。这样的布置可以促进芯子28和加热器14安装在单独的分流器100的范围内，以便随后附着在平面板101上。
还参照图15～20，当吸烟者在电子烟60的嘴端件部分上抽吸时，压力传感器和控制电路16按照如前所述的功率循环来激活加热器14。空气穿过一个或更多进气口44，44’进入那些实施例中的吸烟器具，然后通过存储罐22和外管6的相对的内表面127之间所限定的通道110而朝向吸嘴端插入件8抽吸。此后，加热器14和芯子28产生的烟雾与空气混和，并且所得到的烟雾(蒸汽)通过多通道的吸嘴端插入件8被吸入。
通过在这些实施例中包含有分流器100，进入通道110的空气流的一大部分会绕过加热器14，使得作用在电子烟60上的用力的吸气动作不会增加或增强加热器14上的相反作用的冷却效应，如上所述，这种冷却效应会抑制需要的加热操作。替代地，被分流器100屏蔽的加热器14可产生仅带有受控的或减少的量的来自所流经空气流的冷却效应的烟雾。
现在参照图21和22，在另一个实施例中，存储槽22的形式是中空的大致矩形体，其可以被插入外管6的范围内。在一个实施例中，顶板122和底板124可可成型为与外管6的内表面127的弧形相匹配，从而在存储槽22和外管6之间提供摩擦配合。在另一个实施例中，顶板122和底板124可以各自包括沿着存储罐22的长度纵向地延伸的凹槽123，125。在该实施例中，凹槽123，125与沿着外管6的内表面127纵向地延伸的轨道126，128配合，以便存储罐22可以相对于吸嘴端插入件8滑动并被引导到位。在以上两个实施例中，存储罐22优选地与吸嘴端插入件8间隔开预定的距离，以便为在加热器14a，14b处产生的烟雾和流经其的空气流相混合提供空间和机会。可选择地，轨道126，128和凹槽123，凹槽125中的任何一个或两个可设有棘爪、卡子或其他布置，以将存储罐22锁定在沿着外管6的一个预定的位置上。作为替代或附加，可以使用图15所示的脊部333，333’，用于图21中的存储罐22的放置和保持。
在一个实施例中，加热器14a和芯子28a优选地位于沿着一个侧板或平板131a的中心位置上，与参照图15～20中的上述教导一致，该板设有分流器100a。虽然加热器14a和芯子28a和分流器100a显示为沿纵向定向，然而作为替代，它们可以被定向在横向方向上，且可以沿着侧板131a放置超过一个这样的布置。优选地，在相对的侧板131b上提供有类似的布置，以便存储罐22可供应两根芯子28a，28b或更多。虽然加热器14a和14b显示为处于相对的关系，它们也可以彼此偏移，或设置在同一侧板131a和131b上。还参照图27，还可以预期，可以对存储罐22进行分区或划分，以便第一和第二液体分别保留在存储罐22内的分开的隔间22’和22”中。在这种情况下，第一加热器14’和芯子28’可以与第一隔间一起操以雾化第一液体；且第二加热器14”和芯子28”可以与第二隔间一起操作以雾化第二液体。可以预见，控制电路16可以被编程以单独地操作加热器14’和14”，它们都依照雾化这两种(或更多)单独的液体成分的需要而定制的参数来操作。
现在参照图21～23，加热器14a和14b的电连接可以包括位于存储罐22上方的电触头140，140’，各电触头的形式都优选地为沿着顶板122的长度延伸的纵向条带或轨道。作为替代或附加，触头140，140’可以沿着存储罐22的底板138和/或138’放置。与电源1的阳极和阴极的电连接通过引线26产生，该引线既能够被偏压而与接触条带140，140’相接触，又能够作为电子烟60的组件的一部分而形成电接触。与加热器14a，14b的连接可以是建立在存储罐22的外部，这通过使加热器14，14’的端部27，27’穿过设在分流器的壁105或者其他方便部位上的槽口或孔来实现，例如图22所示。
现在特别参照图23，可替换地，每一个加热器14a，14b的端部27，27’能够通过设置在存储罐22内部的电引线145，146而连接到相同的或其自己的接触条带140，140’上。
还参照图22，底板124可以是单独形成的件，其与存储罐结构的其他部分卡扣配合或热密封，以便促进装配、促进建立电连接和用于存储罐22的填充。还可以预见，存储罐22的其他部分能够被选择为平板，从而作为单独的件使用。同样地，分流器100a，100b能够与侧板131a或131b整体式形成，或作为分离的件(例如是盆或鞋的形式)形成。
在其他的实施例中，空气通过进气口44，44’被吸入电子烟60，随后沿着存储罐22的侧板131a和131b流动。通过设置且邻近于空气流分流器100，空气的主要部分被分流，且导致其绕过加热器和芯子组件的邻近区域。在临近加热器14a和14b的区域内形成的烟雾被吸入且与空气流混合，之后通过多端口的吸嘴端插入件8抽吸。
现在参照图24和25，在另一个实施例中，与参照图21～23中描述的实施例一样，提供了存储罐22。但是在该实施例中，芯子28具有沿着存储罐22的内部延伸的端部29和从存储罐22的底板138中沿着纵向向外延伸的端部31。芯子28的向外延伸的端部31与如上所述的加热器14配合操作。可选地，在芯子28的自由端处提供有盖139。加热器14的端部27，27’能够与接触条带140，140’或如上所述的其他布置连接，包括与电子烟60中的引线26直接连接。
在该实施例中，优选地，空气流分流器100c设置在芯子端部31和加热器14两者的周围，且呈具有敞开的下游端部的圆柱体的形式。在操作中，随着烟雾在空气流分流器100c的范围内产生，空气沿着存储罐22被吸入。由于空气被抽吸而流经空气流分流器100c，新产生的烟雾从空气流分流器100c的范围中被吸出并与空气流混合，之后经由吸嘴端插入件8被抽取。
在一个实施例中，空气流分流器100c上提供有通道或孔146，从而允许部分空气进入空气流分流器100c的范围内，以便促进新产生的烟雾的撤出。通过这样的布置，可以抽取烟雾而不需要克服真空地工作。
在另一个实施例中，端部的盖139可以包括径向延伸部139’，以促进新产生的烟雾与所流过的空气流的混合。可以预见，径向延伸部139’可以是圆盘状的，从而提供碰撞点以分解和/或捕集烟雾中的较大颗粒。
虽然图24和25所示的实施例示出了位于存储罐22的下游端处的单个空气流分流器100c，但是作为图25中所示空气流分流器的添加(或替代)，可以在存储罐22的上游端处构造另一种类似的芯子/加热器/空气流分流器结构。
现在参照图26，例如参照图21～23所描述的矩形形式的存储罐22可以被内部板147分开，从而上游的芯子28’可从一个隔间22’中抽取一种液体，而且下游的芯子28’从第二个隔间22’中抽取。这样的布置能够包括与加热器的单独的连接，以便上游加热器14’能够根据与下游加热器14不同的操作参数来进行加热，从而适应其中的制剂或组分的不同加热要求。
虽然图24～26中的存储罐22显示和描述为矩形的，该存储罐22可替代地具有其他的形状，比如与外管6的内部相比尺寸较小的圆柱体，从而允许空气流从其旁边穿过。
上述教导提供了被改进以包括空气流分流器的电子烟60的例子，所有这些改变了空气流的速度和/或方向，从而抵消空气流冷却加热器14的趋势。
本文中的教导适用于电子雪茄，且关于“电子香烟”的描述也用于包括电子雪茄等在内。而且，关于“电子吸烟器具”的描述也用于包括电子雪茄、电子香烟等在内。
在本文中，当用语“约”与一个数值连用时，其意指相关的数值包括有在该既定数值的周围的±10％的公差。而且，当在本说明书中提及到百分比时，其意指这些百分数是基于重量的，即重量百分比。
而且，当用语“大致”和“基本上”和几何形状连用时，其意指并不要求几何形状的精密度，但其形状的界限是在所披露的范围之内。当使用几何术语时，“大致”和“基本上”意欲不仅包括符合严格规定的特征，还包括相当地接近此严格规定的特征。
现在可以清楚，在本说明书中描述了一种新的、改进的、非显而易见的电子烟，其中披露了足够的细节以能够被本领域的普通技术人员所理解。而且，对于本领域的技术人员来说显然的是，对于电子烟的特征来说存在有未实质性偏离本发明的精神和范围的修改、变化、替代物和等效物。因此，可以明确地表示，所有这些落入所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围内的修改、变化、替代物和等效物都包含在所附权利要求书内。

Claims (58)

1.一种电子烟，具有：
能蒸发液体材料以产生烟雾的加热器，
吸嘴端插入件，包括至少两个分散的位于偏离轴线的通道的端部处的出口，以及
空气流分流器，其能被操作用于在喷烟循环过程中防止所进入的空气由于冷却所述加热器而减小烟雾输出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电子烟，其特征在于，还包括：
沿着纵向方向延伸的圆柱形外管；
位于所述圆柱形外管内的圆柱形内管；
与所述圆柱形内管的上游端部连通的中心空气通道；
含有液体材料的液体供应部，所述液体供应部处在所述圆柱形外管和所述圆柱形内管之间的外环形区中；
所述加热器位于所述圆柱形内管中，处于所述中心空气通道的下游且与所述中心空气通道间隔开；
与所述液体供应部连通并且与所述加热器连通的芯子，由此所述芯子能向所述加热器传送所述液体材料，所述加热器加热所述液体材料至足以蒸发所述液体材料并且在所述圆柱形内管内形成烟雾的温度；
能被操作用于在所述加热器上施加电压的电源；以及
至少一个进气口，其能被操作用于传递通过在所述电子烟上的吸烟而被吸入到所述中心通道的空气。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述吸嘴端插入件通过所述圆柱形内管与所述中心空气通道流体连通。
4.根据权利要求2所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述加热器是包括至少一种选自由不锈钢、铜、铜合金、镍铬合金、铁铝合金、铁铬合金、超级合金、铁铝化合物、镍铝化合物及其组合所构成的群组内的材料的导线线圈。
5.根据权利要求2所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述芯子包括一根或更多丝。
6.根据权利要求2所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述电源包括电池。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述加热器通过两根间隔开的电引线与所述电池连接。
8.根据权利要求2所述的电子烟，其特征在于，还包括包含有喷烟传感器的控制电路，所述喷烟传感器能被操作用于感应空气流动，且激活电压从所述电源施加到所述加热器上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述至少一个进气口位于所述喷烟传感器的附近和/或所述中心空气通道的附近。
10.根据权利要求8所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述控制电路还包括位于所述电子烟的上游端处的加热器激活灯，所述加热器激活灯能被操作用于当激活所述加热器时发光。
11.根据权利要求2所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述液体供应部还包括能被操作用于存储所述液体材料的液体存储介质，所述液体存储介质包括选自由人造丝、聚酯、聚乙烯、棉、陶瓷、聚醚醚酮及其组合所构成的群组内的材料。
12.根据权利要求2所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述电子烟包括能与第二部分连接的第一部分，并且其中所述芯子、所述液体供应部和所述吸嘴端插入件处在所述第一部分内，所述电源处在所述第二部分内。
13.根据权利要求12所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述第一部分和所述第二部分的外径相同，且其中所述第一部分是一次性的下游部分，所述第二部分是可重复使用的上游部分。
14.根据权利要求1所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述空气流分流器能被操作用于分流至少部分空气流以远离所述加热器的一部分。
15.根据权利要求14所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述空气流分流器包括处在所述中心空气通道的下游端部处的防渗塞，以及至少一个从所述中心空气通道的上游端部延伸到至少部分地包围了所述中心空气通道的下游端部的外部纵向空气通道的径向空气通道，所述空气流分流器能被操作用于引导所述空气流远离所述加热器的一部分。
16.根据权利要求15所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述至少一个径向空气通道与所述中心空气通道的直径大约相同。
17.根据权利要求14所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述空气流分流器包括其中具有至少一个孔的圆盘，所述圆盘能被操作用于分流空气流以远离所述加热器的一部分，以便减小因吸烟者用力抽吸时导致的所述加热器的温度可变性。
18.根据权利要求17所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述圆盘包括外管壁，且所述至少一个孔与所述纵向方向成一定角度地延伸。
19.根据权利要求17所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述圆盘通过选自由塑料、纸板、聚合物、发泡纸及其组合所构成的群组内的材料来形成。
20.根据权利要求14所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述空气流分流器包括临近所述中心空气通道的下游端的截头圆锥形部分，所述截头圆锥部分能被操作用于引导空气流以远离所述加热器的一部分。
21.根据权利要求2所述的电子烟，其特征在于，还包括位于所述加热器的上游的过滤部分，其能被操作用于限制通过所述电子烟的空气的流动，并且调整其中的吸气阻力。
22.根据权利要求2所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述吸嘴端插入件的所述至少两个分散的出口相对于所述电子烟的纵向方向倾斜约5°至约60°，以便所述烟雾中携带的液体撞击在所述偏离轴线的通道的侧部。
23.一种电子烟，包括：
沿纵向方向延伸的外管；
位于沿着所述外管的内部的位置处的存储罐，所述存储罐包括含有液体的单独的中空体；
临近所述存储罐的加热器，其能蒸发从所述存储罐供应给所述加热器的液体以产生烟雾；以及
包括有分流器壁的空气流分流器，其中至少部分地围绕所述加热器设置所述空气流分流器，所述分流器壁和所述加热器位于沿着所述存储罐的位置。
24.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，还包括：
与所述存储罐连通且与所述加热器连通的芯子，由此所述芯子向所述加热器传递液体材料，且所述加热器加热所述液体材料至足以蒸发所述液体材料并形成烟雾的温度；以及
能被操作用于在所述加热器上施加电压的电源。
25.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述外管是至少部分透明的，或者包括位于所述液体供应容器上的透明的窗口。
26.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述加热器包括在纵向方向上延伸的线圈，且所述分流器包括围绕所述加热器同轴地设置的圆柱体。
27.根据权利要求26所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述分流器还包括具有孔的圆柱体部分，由此促进烟雾的释放。
28.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述分流器壁包括孔以促进烟雾的释放。
29.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述分流器壁相对于所述外管垂直地定向。
30.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述分流器壁相对于所述外管纵向地定向。
31.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于：
所述加热器包括分别处于沿着所述存储罐的第一位置和第二位置处的第一加热器和第二加热器，并且所述分流器包括分别位于所述第一位置和第二位置处的第一分流器和第二分流器。
32.根据权利要求31所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述第一位置和第二位置处在所述存储罐的相对的侧部上。
33.根据权利要求31所述的电子烟，其特征在于，
所述第一位置和第二位置相互纵向地间隔开，
所述存储罐分成上游的第一隔间和下游的第二隔间，所述第一加热器与所述第一隔间连接，所述第二加热器与所述第二隔间连接。
34.根据权利要求24所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述加热器通过在沿着所述分流器壁的位置处的电触头处所建立的电连接而与所述电源连接。
35.根据权利要求24所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述加热器通过在沿着所述存储槽的平板的位置处的电触头处所建立的电连接而与所述电源连接。
36.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述存储罐的主体是矩形的，且包括构造成与所述外管的内表面相配合的顶板和底板。
37.根据权利要求36所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述顶板和所述底板以及所述内表面与凹槽和导向件相配合。
38.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述存储罐体具有截短的圆柱形，且包括构造成与所述外管的内表面相符的弧形平板。
39.根据权利要求24所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述加热器、所述芯子和所述分流器壁组装为一个单元，所述单元连接在所述存储罐的平板上。
40.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述壁包括用于释放烟雾的开口，所述壁还包括用于促进所述烟雾的释放的孔。
41.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述空气流分流器包括与所述液体供应容器的第一纵向延伸壁大体垂直地延伸的第一分流器壁，所述第一分流器壁至少部分地围绕所述第一加热器的外周延伸，且其尺寸和构造设置成在使用过程中针对所述第一加热器至少部分地屏蔽空气流，且至少部分地分流围绕所述第一加热器的空气流。
42.根据权利要求41所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述空气流分流器包括与所述液体供应容器的第二纵向延伸壁大体垂直地延伸的第二分流器壁，所述第二分流器壁至少部分地围绕所述第二加热器的外周延伸，且其尺寸和构造设置成在使用过程中针对所述第二加热器至少部分地屏蔽空气流，且至少部分地分流围绕所述第二加热器的空气流。
43.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述存储罐包括顶板、底板、第一侧板和第二侧板，其中，所述顶板包括第一凹槽，所述底板包括第二凹槽，所述第一凹槽和所述第二凹槽能被操作用于与从所述外管的内表面延伸出来的第一突出和第二突出配合，以将所述液体供应容器固定在所述外管内。
44.根据权利要求23所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述第一分流器壁由塑料、金属或玻璃纤维形成。
45.根据权利要求42所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述第一加热器和所述第二加热器包括在所述纵向方向上延伸的加热线圈。
46.根据权利要求42所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述第一加热器和所述第二加热器包括垂直于所述纵向方向地延伸的加热线圈。
47.根据权利要求1所述的电子烟，其特征在于，还包括在每一次喷烟过程中能被操作用于调整进入所述电子烟的通气量并提供更柔软的口感的可调节的套筒组件，所述可调节的套筒组件围绕着所述外管的临近于吸嘴端的一部分。
48.根据权利要求1所述的电子烟，其特征在于，还包括能被操作用于在吸烟之前和吸烟过程中释放香味的至少一个香味带。
49.根据权利要求1所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述吸嘴端插入件包括固定件和可旋转件，所述固定件和所述可旋转件都设有出气口。
50.一种电子烟，具有能蒸发液体材料以产生烟雾的加热器，以及用于防止在吸烟循环中所进入的空气因冷却所述加热器而导致烟雾输出减少的空气流分流装置。
51.根据权利要求50所述的电子烟，其特征在于，还包括：
沿着纵向方向延伸的圆柱形外管；
位于所述圆柱形外管内的圆柱形内管；
与所述圆柱形内管的上游端连通的中心空气通道；
包含液体材料的液体供应部，该液体供应部处在所述圆柱形外管和所述圆柱形内管之间的外环形区中；
所述加热器位于所述圆柱形内管中，处于所述中心空气通道的下游且与所述中心空气通道间隔开；
与所述液体供应部连通且与所述加热器连接的芯子，由此所述芯子向所述加热器传递所述液体材料，且所述加热器加热所述液体材料至足以蒸发所述液体材料并且在所述圆柱形内管内形成烟雾的温度；
能被操作用于在所述加热器上施加电压的电源；
至少一个进气口，其能被操作用于传递通过在所述电子烟上的吸烟而被吸入到所述中心通道的空气；以及
具有至少两个出口的吸嘴端插入件，其中所述吸嘴端插入件通过所述圆柱形内管与所述中心空气通道流体连通。
52.根据权利要求50所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述空气流分流器装置能被操作用于分流至少部分空气流以远离所述加热器的一部分。
53.根据权利要求52所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述空气流分流器装置包括位于所述中心空气通道的下游端部处的防渗塞，以及至少一个从所述中心空气通道的上游端延伸到至少部分地围绕所述中心空气通道的下游端的外部纵向空气通道的径向空气通道，所述空气流分流器能被操作用于分流空气流远离所述加热器的一部分。
54.根据权利要求53所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述至少一个径向空气通道与所述中心空气通道的直径大约相同。
55.根据权利要求52所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述分流器装置包括其中具有至少一个孔的圆盘，所述圆盘能被操作用于分流空气流以远离所述加热器的一部分，以便减小因吸烟者用力抽吸时导致的所述加热器温度的可变性。
56.根据权利要求55所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述圆盘包括外管壁，且所述至少一个孔与所述纵向方向成一定角度地延伸。
57.根据权利要求55所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述圆盘通过选自由塑料、纸板、聚合物、发泡纸及其组合所构成的群组内的材料来形成。
58.根据权利要求52所述的电子烟，其特征在于，所述分流器装置包括临近所述中心空气通道的下游端的截头圆锥形部分，所述截头圆锥部分能被操作用于引导空气流以远离所述加热器的一部分。
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