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WO2008095641A2 - Chaîne cinématique, en particulier chaîne cinématique de véhicule à moteur - Google Patents

Chaîne cinématique, en particulier chaîne cinématique de véhicule à moteur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008095641A2
WO2008095641A2 PCT/EP2008/000777 EP2008000777W WO2008095641A2 WO 2008095641 A2 WO2008095641 A2 WO 2008095641A2 EP 2008000777 W EP2008000777 W EP 2008000777W WO 2008095641 A2 WO2008095641 A2 WO 2008095641A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
expansion machine
working medium
drive train
retarder
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2008/000777
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2008095641A3 (fr
Inventor
Stephan Bartosch
Jürgen Berger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Priority to EP08707464A priority Critical patent/EP1999361A2/fr
Priority to DE112008000212T priority patent/DE112008000212A5/de
Publication of WO2008095641A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008095641A2/fr
Publication of WO2008095641A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008095641A3/fr
Priority to US12/393,440 priority patent/US8857181B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a powertrain, and more particularly to a vehicle powertrain, typically a motor vehicle powertrain.
  • both a hydrodynamic retarder is arranged in a transmission, to hydrodynamically decelerate the vehicle, as well as a steam driven expansion machine, also called expander, to drive the vehicle.
  • the expansion machine can be provided as an additional drive source to an internal combustion engine, but it is also proposed to drive the vehicle exclusively by means of a charged screw expander, in which hot fuel gases are expanded. It is also proposed to use the expander as a brake for the vehicle.
  • the present invention has for its object to represent a drive train, which is improved in terms of heat utilization over the prior art. At the same time, the production, maintenance and maintenance of such a drive train should be as inexpensive as possible, and complex designs should be largely avoided.
  • the inventive object is achieved by a drive train according to the independent claims. In the dependent claims particularly advantageous and expedient embodiments of the invention are given.
  • Drive train which is designed in particular as a vehicle drive train, a drive machine for feeding drive power into the drive train.
  • the prime mover can be, for example, an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine or another piston engine.
  • other drive machines come into consideration, for example, electrically or electrodynamically operating machines, screw machines, such as a screw expander, or turbines, in particular a gas turbine.
  • a fuel cell drive or drive machines not mentioned here are also possible.
  • the drive train has a cooling circuit, which is usually designed as a closed circuit with a reservoir, wherein in the cooling circuit, a cooling medium is circulated to cool the prime mover.
  • a cooling circuit which is usually designed as a closed circuit with a reservoir, wherein in the cooling circuit, a cooling medium is circulated to cool the prime mover.
  • one or more further units, in particular ancillary units, which are provided for operating the drive machine, the drive train or the vehicle are cooled by means of the cooling circuit.
  • an expansion machine In the drive train an expansion machine is also arranged.
  • the expansion machine works with a fluid or with steam as the working medium.
  • mechanical energy is generated, which is fed as additional drive power in the drive train or by means of which another unit or accessory, such as an electric generator, a pump or the like is driven.
  • this is an oil pump, a fuel pump or a water or cooling medium pump into consideration.
  • the cooling medium of the cooling circuit is also the working medium of the expansion machine.
  • the cooling medium of the cooling circuit flows in the expansion space of the
  • an air-cooling medium heat exchanger may be provided, by means of which heat is discharged from the cooling medium.
  • a fan is provided, which causes a forced flow of ambient air over the heat exchanger surfaces.
  • This heat exchanger which is usually provided in the flow direction behind the expansion machine and in front of a cooling medium pump, can either act as a condenser to condense the working medium partially or completely in a steam-driven expansion machine, or in the flow direction between the expansion machine and the air-Ksselmedium- Heat exchanger, an additional capacitor is provided, in which the working medium of the expansion machine is partially or completely condensed.
  • a single heat exchanger is provided in the cooling circuit by means of which working medium heat or cooling medium heat is dissipated to the environment, or there are only two heat exchangers provided in the cooling circuit, of which at least one operates as a condenser to dissipate heat from the cooling medium or working fluid to the environment ,
  • a hydrodynamic retarder can be provided in the cooling circuit, which is cooled directly by means of the cooling medium, that is, the cooling medium is at the same time the working medium of the retarder, or indirectly by means of Cooling medium is cooled, that is, the working medium of the retarder is separated from the cooling medium of the cooling circuit, wherein the heat transfer usually takes place in a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, which is mounted in particular on the retarder or in the region of the retarder.
  • the expansion machine is advantageously provided in the flow direction behind the retarder, so that the heat generated in the retarder contributes to the heating of the working medium of the expansion machine before it is expanded in the expansion machine.
  • Such a hydrodynamic retarder has, for example, an always revolving or selectively displaceable rotor via a separating clutch, which faces a stator or a rotating rotor in the opposite direction and forms with this a working space, in particular torusfömnigen working space in which a hydrodynamic circulation of the working fluid to the torque - or rotational power transmission from the rotor to the stator or the mating rotor is formed.
  • a steam generator and / or a heat exchanger or a plurality of heat exchangers can be provided in the flow direction behind the retarder and in front of the expansion machine, advantageously with the accumulating in the drive train Heat and / or is acted upon by heat generated by an additional burner / to effect the necessary energy input into the working medium.
  • the exhaust heat of the drive train provided in the drive machine for generating steam or preheating the working medium of the expansion machine can be used.
  • a second embodiment of the invention is in a drive train, in particular vehicle drive train, which in turn a Drive machine, for example, an internal combustion engine, in particular diesel engine or other piston engine or in the form of other prime movers may have to feed drive power into the drive train, provided a hydrodynamic retarder, which is in a constant drive connection with the drive train or optionally in one
  • a Drive machine for example, an internal combustion engine, in particular diesel engine or other piston engine or in the form of other prime movers may have to feed drive power into the drive train, provided a hydrodynamic retarder, which is in a constant drive connection with the drive train or optionally in one
  • Drive connection with the drive train is switchable to exert a braking torque on the drive train.
  • the retarder is as known and / or executed as described above and has a working space which is constantly filled with a working medium or in the optionally a working medium can be introduced to produce the desired braking torque hydrodynamically.
  • a driven with fluid or steam as a working medium expansion machine is provided, by means of which drive power can be fed into the drive train.
  • the drive power of the expansion machine can be used to drive an electric generator or other aggregate and / or auxiliary unit.
  • the working medium of the retarder is at the same time the working medium of the expansion machine, so that the heat generated in the retarder operation, which is registered in the working medium of the retarder, can be used in the expansion machine for the expansion and production of mechanical work or performance.
  • a condenser may be provided to partially or completely condense the working medium flowing from the expander.
  • a feed pump in particular turbo pump or displacement pump, be provided to maintain a working medium circuit.
  • the retarder may then be the only feed pump or provided in addition to another pump that exerts a pumping action on the working fluid in the circuit.
  • a working medium which can be used in the embodiments according to the invention is, for example, water or a water mixture.
  • an ionic liquid as a working medium or component of the working medium into consideration.
  • Other working media, such as oil or an oil mixture are conceivable, but usually a vaporizable working fluid is provided to run the expansion machine as a steam-driven expansion machine.
  • a bypass to the expansion machine and / or to the retarder can be provided, by means of which the working medium partially or completely on the
  • Expansion machine and / or the retarder can be passed over.
  • a common bypass can be provided, with which the working medium is passed at the same time on the expansion machine and the retarder.
  • retarder and expansion machine parallel to each other in the working medium circuit or cooling circuit, and in particular to provide a further parallel branch to the retarder and to the expansion machine as a bypass.
  • the division of the working medium flow onto the expander and / or the retarder and the bypass can be effected "automatically” by adjusting pressure conditions in the working medium circuit or forced, the latter by providing appropriate control valves and / or switching valves or directional control valves, for example, in the direction of flow splitting in the working medium flow the
  • Retarder or the expansion machine be provided a directional control valve, which the working medium flow either in the bypass or the retarder or the expansion machine directs or makes a division of the working medium flow in both ways.
  • a corresponding directional control valve can also be provided in the branch behind the retarder or the expansion machine, in which the working medium flows from the bypass and the retarder or the expansion machine are reunited.
  • one or more control valves or controllable throttles may be provided in the bypass or parallel thereto in series with the retarder or the expansion machine to provide a forced working medium flow distribution to the bypass and the retarder or the expansion machine.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention with a
  • Figure 2 shows a second embodiment in which a separate from the cooling circuit working medium circuit is provided, and the working medium of a retarder is also the working medium of the expansion machine.
  • the embodiments illustrated in the two figures relate, for example, to drive trains of a motor vehicle, by which is meant any vehicle which can be driven by a drive engine, for example a passenger car, a commercial vehicle, a rail vehicle, a ship and the like.
  • a drive engine for example a passenger car, a commercial vehicle, a rail vehicle, a ship and the like.
  • the invention is also applicable to aircraft.
  • an engine 1 which is designed as an internal combustion engine, for example as a diesel engine.
  • the engine 1 is cooled by means of a cooling circuit 2.
  • the cooling medium in the cooling circuit is circulated by means of a pump 12.
  • the cooling medium is usually water or a water mixture.
  • a bypass 13 is provided, which via a thermostatic valve 14 in dependence of
  • Cooling medium temperature is switched at the location of the thermostatic valve 14 to direct a greater or lesser proportion of the cooling medium flow through the air-cooling medium heat exchanger 8 and / or the bypass 13.
  • a transmission 15 is connected to more or less to convert the speed or the torque of the engine 1 and the drive wheels 17 via a transmission output shaft 16 supply.
  • the engine 1 is arranged on the primary side of the transmission 15, the output shaft 16 on the secondary side.
  • a hydrodynamic retarder 4 and a steam-driven expansion machine 3 are further arranged according to the figure 1, for example, respectively on a power take-off or in the case of the expansion machine 3 better to call secondary drive.
  • Both the retarder 4 and the expansion machine 3 are permanently or optionally, depending on the embodiment, flowed through by the cooling medium as the working medium.
  • a bypass 11 is provided. Accordingly, a bypass 18 is provided to the retarder 4.
  • the flow may be selectively switched by respective valves and / or throttles between the bypasses 11, 18 and the expansion machine 3 and the retarder 4, respectively.
  • an exhaust gas heat exchanger 7 is provided in the flow direction of the cooling medium in front of the expansion machine 3, which is arranged in the exhaust stream 6 of the engine 1 and by means of which heat from the exhaust stream 6 in the cooling medium of the cooling circuit, which is also the working medium of the expansion machine 3, registered ,
  • a condenser 9 is provided in the cooling circuit 2 to condense the working medium of the expansion machine 3, before this, as a rule, in completely liquid form, the air-cooling medium heat exchanger 8 is supplied.
  • all heat-generating units which are cooled by means of the cooling circuit 2, or arranged their heat exchanger in a separate working medium circuit of the units in the flow direction in front of the expansion machine 3 in order to use their heat for expansion and thus to generate mechanical energy.
  • the expansion machine 3 is apart from the condenser 9, which can be dispensed according to one embodiment, the last unit in which a targeted heat exchange takes place in front of the air-cooling medium heat exchanger eighth
  • FIG. 2 corresponds in many respects to that of FIG. 1, the corresponding elements being identified by the same reference numerals.
  • a working medium circuit 19 provided separately from the cooling circuit 2 is provided which guides the working medium of the retarder 4 and the expansion machine 3.
  • the retarder 4 is again designed as a secondary retarder. Of course, however, comes in all embodiments of the invention with a retarder 4, the execution of the retarder 4 as Primärretarder, that is connected to the primary side of the transmission 15 into consideration. While in a secondary retarder its rotor depending on the driving speed rotates, runs at a Primärretarder the rotor in dependence of the rotational speed of the engine 1.
  • the expansion machine 3 according to the figure 2 is not the propulsion of the vehicle, but the drive of an auxiliary unit, in this case an electric generator 10. Of course, other ancillary equipment into consideration. It is also possible to use the power generated by the generator 10 again to drive the vehicle. Also in the embodiment according to the figure 1 is a corresponding use of the mechanical drive power of the expansion machine 3 into consideration.
  • a condenser 9 is provided in the flow direction behind the expansion machine 3 and an exhaust gas heat exchanger 7 in the flow direction in front of the expansion machine 3, with the same goal as in Figure 1. Further, a reservoir 20 for working fluid in the flow direction behind the condenser 9 in the Working medium circuit 19 introduced.
  • the working medium circuit 19 is free of a pump acting on the working fluid pumping action.
  • bypasses and / or valves may also be provided in the working medium circuit 19 in order to bypass the working medium flow at the retarder 4 and / or the expansion machine 3.
  • the cooling medium circuit 2 and the working medium circuit 19 are connected via a liquid-liquid heat exchanger 5 in a heat-transmitting connection with each other.
  • a liquid-liquid heat exchanger 5 in a heat-transmitting connection with each other.
  • a steam generator could additionally be provided in the flow direction in front of the expansion machine 3 in order to evaporate the working medium of the expansion machine 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Drives, Propulsion Controls, And Safety Devices (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Chaîne cinématique, en particulier chaîne cinématique de véhicule à moteur, qui comporte un moteur d'entraînement servant à introduire une puissance motrice dans la chaîne cinématique, un circuit de refroidissement dans lequel circule un fluide de refroidissement servant à refroidir le moteur d'entraînement ou un générateur électrique ou tout autre groupe, une machine entraînée par du fluide ou de la vapeur en tant que fluide de travail, à l'aide de laquelle une puissance motrice supplémentaire peut être introduite dans la chaîne cinématique ou qui entraîne un générateur électrique ou tout autre groupe. La présente invention est caractérisée en ce que le fluide de refroidissement du circuit de refroidissement est en même temps le fluide de travail de la machine à expansion.
PCT/EP2008/000777 2007-02-05 2008-01-31 Chaîne cinématique, en particulier chaîne cinématique de véhicule à moteur Ceased WO2008095641A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08707464A EP1999361A2 (fr) 2007-02-05 2008-01-31 Chaîne cinématique, en particulier chaîne cinématique de véhicule à moteur
DE112008000212T DE112008000212A5 (de) 2007-02-05 2008-01-31 Antriebsstrang, insbesondere Fahrzeugantriebsstrang
US12/393,440 US8857181B2 (en) 2007-02-05 2009-02-26 Drive train, in particular vehicle drive train

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007006420.0 2007-02-05
DE102007006420A DE102007006420A1 (de) 2007-02-05 2007-02-05 Kraftfahrzeugantriebsstrang eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einem Druckluftsystem

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/393,440 Continuation US8857181B2 (en) 2007-02-05 2009-02-26 Drive train, in particular vehicle drive train

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008095641A2 true WO2008095641A2 (fr) 2008-08-14
WO2008095641A3 WO2008095641A3 (fr) 2008-10-23

Family

ID=39148811

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/000436 Ceased WO2008095599A1 (fr) 2007-02-05 2008-01-22 Ensemble transmission d'un véhicule à moteur, pourvu d'un système à air comprimé
PCT/EP2008/000778 Ceased WO2008095642A1 (fr) 2007-02-05 2008-01-31 Chaîne cinématique pourvue d'une machine à expansion à fluide ou à vapeur
PCT/EP2008/000777 Ceased WO2008095641A2 (fr) 2007-02-05 2008-01-31 Chaîne cinématique, en particulier chaîne cinématique de véhicule à moteur
PCT/EP2008/000776 Ceased WO2008095640A2 (fr) 2007-01-23 2008-01-31 Chaîne cinématique de véhicule pourvue d'un ralentisseur et d'une machine à expansion

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/000436 Ceased WO2008095599A1 (fr) 2007-02-05 2008-01-22 Ensemble transmission d'un véhicule à moteur, pourvu d'un système à air comprimé
PCT/EP2008/000778 Ceased WO2008095642A1 (fr) 2007-02-05 2008-01-31 Chaîne cinématique pourvue d'une machine à expansion à fluide ou à vapeur

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/000776 Ceased WO2008095640A2 (fr) 2007-01-23 2008-01-31 Chaîne cinématique de véhicule pourvue d'un ralentisseur et d'une machine à expansion

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (4) US20100050635A1 (fr)
EP (9) EP1987246B1 (fr)
AT (3) ATE548553T1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0805840A2 (fr)
DE (2) DE102007006420A1 (fr)
WO (4) WO2008095599A1 (fr)

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CN102843017A (zh) * 2012-08-31 2012-12-26 柳州市京阳节能科技研发有限公司 铁道高效节能发电机组
CN111206990A (zh) * 2019-01-15 2020-05-29 程建平 一种微型燃气轮发电增程器

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DE102011003487A1 (de) * 2011-02-02 2012-08-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Nutzung der Abgasenergie einer Brennkraftmaschine
CN102843017A (zh) * 2012-08-31 2012-12-26 柳州市京阳节能科技研发有限公司 铁道高效节能发电机组
CN102843017B (zh) * 2012-08-31 2014-12-10 柳州市京阳节能科技研发有限公司 铁道高效节能发电机组
CN111206990A (zh) * 2019-01-15 2020-05-29 程建平 一种微型燃气轮发电增程器

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EP2177742A1 (fr) 2010-04-21
US8261553B2 (en) 2012-09-11
EP2094962B1 (fr) 2013-05-15
EP2025906A1 (fr) 2009-02-18
EP1987246B1 (fr) 2012-03-07
US20100050635A1 (en) 2010-03-04
US8857181B2 (en) 2014-10-14
DE112008000212A5 (de) 2010-01-28
US20090211254A1 (en) 2009-08-27
EP2474730A1 (fr) 2012-07-11
EP2109711A2 (fr) 2009-10-21
EP2706217A1 (fr) 2014-03-12
WO2008095640A2 (fr) 2008-08-14
DE102007006420A1 (de) 2008-08-07
BRPI0805840A2 (pt) 2011-08-30
EP2177742B1 (fr) 2011-11-02
EP2706217B1 (fr) 2016-03-30
EP2474729A1 (fr) 2012-07-11
EP2025906B1 (fr) 2012-05-02
EP2094962A1 (fr) 2009-09-02
US8359860B2 (en) 2013-01-29
ATE531921T1 (de) 2011-11-15
EP2474729B1 (fr) 2013-09-11
WO2008095640A3 (fr) 2008-10-16
US20100101228A1 (en) 2010-04-29
US20090217889A1 (en) 2009-09-03
EP2109711B1 (fr) 2014-06-25
ATE548553T1 (de) 2012-03-15
EP1987246A1 (fr) 2008-11-05
WO2008095641A3 (fr) 2008-10-23
ATE556210T1 (de) 2012-05-15

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