JP4694095B2 - 電子制御ユニットを具備するペン型注入装置 - Google Patents
電子制御ユニットを具備するペン型注入装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4694095B2 JP4694095B2 JP2002552620A JP2002552620A JP4694095B2 JP 4694095 B2 JP4694095 B2 JP 4694095B2 JP 2002552620 A JP2002552620 A JP 2002552620A JP 2002552620 A JP2002552620 A JP 2002552620A JP 4694095 B2 JP4694095 B2 JP 4694095B2
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、注入装置の改良に関し、具体的には薬剤の量を制御して投与するための携帯用注入装置の改良に関する。
【0002】
このような注入装置は、典型的には、糖尿病患者がインスリンまたはインスリンタイプの薬剤の自分自身への投与量を管理するために使用される。このような注入装置が他の薬剤の注入にも好適であることは言うまでもない。
【0003】
このような投与は、かつては使い捨て注射器を使って管理されていた。すなわち、まず、投与量が別のバイアルまたは別の容器から注射器に充填され、それからその注射器を使って注射された。しかし、このような装置にはいくつかの難点があった。具体的には、病弱者にとってこのような装置は適さなかった。そうでない者にとっては、このような注射器は社会的に不評を買っているため、それを一般に使用することには問題があった。
【0004】
こうした問題を克服するため、いくつかの、いわゆるペン型注入装置が開発されてきた。これらの装置は小型であるため、上着のポケットなどに入れて運ぶことができ、その上、注入装置に装着されたカートリッジまたはアンプルから投与を繰返し行うことができる。本発明は、特にこのようなペン型注入装置に適用されるものである。
【0005】
このようなペン型注入装置は、使い捨て皮下用注射器に対してかなりの改善をもたらしているが、依然として残された問題がある。本発明の利点は、このような問題を解消するか、少なくとも大幅に減らすところにある。さらに、本発明は、使い勝手が改善され、使用者にとって扱いやすくなっているペン型注入装置を提供するものである。
【0006】
以下では、実施例のみに基づいて、添付図面を参照しながら本発明を説明する。
【0007】
まず図1ないし図3において、本発明によるペン型注入装置2が示されている。注入装置2は、本体ハウジング4を備え、そのハウジングにはエンド・キャップすなわちカバー6が着脱可能なように装着されている。
【0008】
本体ハウジング4の第一の端部には、コントロールパネル領域8が確保されている。この領域には、典型的にはLCDパネルである表示パネル10と、第一投与量制御ボタン12および第二投与量制御ボタン14が配置され、第一および第二投与量制御ボタンは、注入薬剤の投与量の増減を調節するための操作ボタンである。図示する実施例のコントロールパネル領域10には、アームボタン16も配置されている。
【0009】
本体ハウジングの第一の端部には、投与(dispense)ボタン18も配置されている。この投与ボタン18は、押されていない状態では本体ハウジングと同一面にあることが好ましい。
【0010】
注入装置2の縦軸に沿い、コントロールパネル領域10の両側には、複数の溝または窪み20が設けられている。これらの溝または窪みは、使用者が注入装置2を持ちやすいようにするために設けられるものである。
【0011】
本体ハウジング4の第二の端部には、針ユニット22が本体ハウジングに着脱可能なように装着されている。本体ハウジング4の第二の端部には、さらに、型形成部分24が設けられている。
【0012】
使用時には、薬剤のカートリッジ40またはアンプルは、型形成部分24の下の本体ハウジング4内に収納されている。この型形成部分は、カートリッジ40が使用者に見えるように透明であることが好ましい。
【0013】
開始ボタン26も本体ハウジング4の第二の端部に配置される。エンド・キャップ6がハウジングの第二の端に装着されていれば、誤って開始ボタン26を押し下げたり、針ユニット22が刺さったりする恐れはないことが理解できるであろう。本体ハウジング4の第二の端部には、エンド・キャップすなわちカバー6が正しく装着されているか否かを検知するためのカバー検知スイッチ28も配置されている。
【0014】
図3には、それぞれのボタンに対応する開始接点30、アーム接点32、第一投与量制御接点34および第二投与量制御接点36が示されている。投与ボタン18に対応する投与接点19も示されている。
【0015】
図3においては、電源38として、例えば一個以上の電池を収納するための好適な場所が設けてあることが理解できるであろう。同じく、薬剤カートリッジ40またはアンプルを装着すべき好適な領域も配置されている。この領域に本体ハウジング4の脱着可能な型形成部分24からアクセスすることで、使用者は必要に応じてカートリッジ40またはアンプルを交換することができる。
【0016】
本体ハウジング4の第三の領域には駆動機構42が配置されていて、電源38からの電力によって駆動され、薬剤カートリッジ40またはアンプルに対して作動する。
【0017】
薬剤カートリッジ40またはアンプルは、容器44またはスリーブを備えており、その一方の端である頭部端はカバー46によって閉鎖され、他方の端は、可動栓48またはストッパによって密閉されている。所定の位置で、針ユニット22はカバー46を貫通し、栓48がカバー46の方向に運動すると、薬剤カートリッジ40またはアンプル内に充填されている薬剤が押し出される。カートリッジは、ISO/FDIS 11608 Part3による3mlカートリッジでもよいし、注入装置に適合するものであればいかなるカートリッジであってもよい。
【0018】
栓48またはストッパの運動は、駆動機構42の一部を成すピストンまたはプランジャ50の運動によって作られる。ピストンまたはプランジャ50は、薬剤カートリッジ40またはアンプルの交換が可能な第一の完全に後ろに引いた位置(図示せず)と、薬剤カートリッジ40またはアンプルから薬剤が最大限に排出される第二の完全に繰り出された位置の間を運動することができる。ピストン50が完全に後ろに引いた位置にあるときに、そのことを検知するエンド・ストップ・スイッチ52を本体ハウジング4に配置することができる。エンド・ストップ・スイッチ52が作動すると、止め金またはその他の止め装置が解除されて、本体ハウジング4に装着したカートリッジ40を交換するためのアクセスが可能となる。
【0019】
駆動機構42は、電子制御ユニット(図示せず)で制御されるモータ54によって駆動される。ピストン50が第一の位置と第二の位置の間で運動できるためには、モータ54は逆回転可能でなければならない。図3において、モータ54が歯車装置42を通じてピストン50を動かすことが理解でき、第三の回転子58が回転すると、ピストン50が第三の回転子58に対して運動する。
【0020】
使用者がモータ54およびそれと連動する駆動機構42の振動を感じ、またはそれらが作動中であることを音で聞けるようにすることが好ましい。このようにすれば、注入装置2が作動していることに対する使用者の信頼感は、さらに高まる。
【0021】
以下では、特に図1、2および3を参照しながら、本発明に係るペン型注入装置の機能について説明する。
【0022】
注入装置2には、電子制御ユニットが装備されている。電子制御ユニットは、駆動装置およびユーザ・インターフェースの両方と連結されている。ユーザ・インターフェースは、表示パネル10と使用者が操作できるボタン(およびそれと連携する接点)とを備えている。電子制御ユニットはマイクロプロセッサを中心として構成されている。「投与履歴」および患者に関する情報の保存には、揮発性または不揮発性メモリを使うことができる。
【0023】
電子制御ユニットの電源は、注入装置の電源38から供給されることが好ましい。
【0024】
注入装置2は、電子制御ユニットと、パーソナルコンピュータのような外部装置とを接続するための通信用ポートをも備えていることが好ましい。
【0025】
また、注入装置2は、注入装置2が逆さにされたときにそれを検知するための開始検知機構(傾斜スイッチまたは加速計)も装備している。逆さ位置(針を上向きにする)を検知すると、注入装置2は自動的に開始準備が完了した状態に変わる。開始ボタン26を押し下げると開始動作が始まり、一定の小さい投与動作が引き起こされる。開始ボタン26を押し下げたとき、電子制御ユニットによりスピーカから音を発生させることもできる。
【0026】
それ以外のときは、開始ボタン26は作動しない。開始ボタン26が作動可能なときは、制御パネル領域に配置されているすべての他のボタン、すなわち投与量を設定または投与するために使用されることになっているボタンは作動しない。
【0027】
可聴音として使用者にフィードバックを返すためにアームボタン16を十分な時間ほど押し下げると、電子制御ユニットはスピーカから音を発生させることができる。
【0028】
アームボタン16の機能は投与ボタン18を作動可能にすることである。注入装置2が準備完了状態になるまでの予め決められた時間の間、アームボタンを押し下げた状態で保持することが好ましい。準備完了状態は表示パネル10に表示することもできる。アームボタンの機能とカバー検知スイッチ28とを連結させて、カバー6がないときのみ、アームボタン16の機能が注入装置2を作動できる状態にすることが好ましい。
【0029】
さらに、好ましい実施態様によれば、電子制御ユニットに組み込まれた計時手段が、注入装置2が準備完了後、指定された時間間隔内に投与ボタン18が押されているか否かを検知する。投与ボタン18が指定された時間間隔内に押し下げられなかった場合は、電子制御ユニットが注入装置2を準備態勢から解除する。また、使用者が予め決められた時間内にアームボタンを二度目に押し下げると、注入装置が動作を停止するようにしてもよい。
【0030】
さらに別の実施態様によれば、投与ボタン18が開始ボタンと投与ボタンの両方の機能を果たすようにしてもよい。注入装置2の針を上に向けて開始検知器を作動させると、投与ボタン18は、その機能を上記実施態様の開始ボタンの機能に変えることになる。
【0031】
注入装置2のボタンは、操作結果が触感で使用者に分かるようにすることが好ましい。
【0032】
表示パネル10は典型的にはLCD表示装置であって、装置の操作情報は、文字、数字およびグラフィッカルに表示される。表示パネル10には、選択した投与量、前回の投与量および前回投与からの経過時間が表示されることが好ましい。前回投与からの経過時間は、典型的には、先立つ48時間に限られるが、もちろんそれ以外の時間でも可能である。
【0033】
さらに、次の情報を表示することも可能である。
− 注入装置の準備が完了し、投与の準備ができていること(グラフィッカル表示)
− 注入装置が投与操作中であること(グラフィッカル表示)
− 注入装置が選択した投与量の投与を終わり、針が体から抜かれるまで使用者が待機すべきであること
− この待ち時間が終了したこと
− 投与履歴、典型的には過去48時間について、投与量および投与間の経過時間
− カートリッジに残っている薬剤量、好ましくは薬剤投与単位で
− 装置が開始位置にあること(上述の音による知らせに加えて、または代替として)
− スピーカの音量設定、例えば「大」、「小」または「無音(ミュート)」
− 注入装置が寿命に近づいたこと(例えば、電池の残量表示−あらかじめ決められた製品寿命の期限までの日数または完全操作サイクル数をグラフィッカル表示するかカウントダウン表示する−文字および数字で)
− 針づまりの可能性
− カートリッジ40が交換中であること
− 選択した投与量がカートリッジ40で使用可能な最大投与量であること
− 使用できる最大投与量が予測投与量より少ないこと
【0034】
表示パネル10は、市場または使用者に応じて、使用者が言語を選択できるようにすることができる。文字表示には上記の情報またはさらに別の情報を入れることができる。言語の選択は、予めプログラム化してもよいし、使用者が選択できるようにしてもよい。言語の選択は、表示パネル10に表示されるメニューから使用者が選択できるようにしておくことが好ましい。
【0035】
現在選択している投与量の値、前回使用した投与量の値および前回投与してからの経過時間(時間単位で)はすべて、同時に表示装置上に大きく読みやすい文字で明確に表示することができる。バックライトを表示部に搭載することが好ましい。
【0036】
表示装置10は、選択した投与量の投与中であることをグラフィッカル表示することが好ましい。それは、例えば動画またはカウントダウン形式(または両者の組み合わせ)で行うことができる。
【0037】
制御ボタンはいくつかの機能を持つ。使用者は、投与量制御ボタン12,14によって望む投与量を選択することができる。使用者は投与アームボタン16で、望む投与量の選択を承認することができる。第一投与量制御ボタンで投与レベルを上げ、第二投与量制御ボタンで投与レベルを下げることができる。投与量制御ボタン12,14を押し下げて(短い時間、1〜2秒間押し続ける)、投与量の値をゼロにリセットすることができる。それから投与量制御ボタンで一目盛(半目盛)刻みずつ上げる(または下げる)ことができる。
【0038】
投与量制御ボタン12,14を一回押すと、選択した投与量が一目盛分(半目盛分)だけ変化するように設計されている。別の実施態様では、いずれかのボタンを押してその状態を保持すると、投与量の値が(増加する方向または減少する方向に)スクロールされ、投与量の値を速く変えることができる。
【0039】
使用者は、投与ボタン18を押すことによって、選択した投与量の投与を開始することができる。開始ボタン26を押すと、カートリッジ40から投与単位が投与される。そこで、注入装置2に空気が混入した場合は、開始ボタン26を押して空気を追い出すことができる。カートリッジ40にアクセスするための、蓋を解除するための止め金が設けられている。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明によるペン型注入装置の平面図である。
【図2】 図1において注入装置のエンド・キャップを外した平面図である。
【図3】 図1および図2の注入装置の断面図であり、図3Aは、図3において注入装置内に充填されたカートリッジを装備した場合の断面図である。
Claims (3)
- 針ユニット(22)を通して薬剤カートリッジ(40)から選択的に投与量の薬剤を押し出す駆動機構(42)と、前記駆動機構(42)を制御する電子制御ユニットと、投与ボタン信号を前記電子制御ユニットへ発生して押し出される投与量を表示し選択した投与量の投与を開始する投与ボタン(18)を具備する注入装置であって、
アームボタン(16)からの信号が前記電子制御ユニットに送られて前記押し出される投与量が承認された後に、前記アームボタン(16)が予め決められた時間の間、押し下げられた状態で保持されていた場合、前記電子制御ユニットは前記投与ボタン信号に応答し、
前記投与ボタン信号が予め決められた時間内に生成されない場合、前記電子制御ユニットは前記投与ボタン信号に対して前記駆動機構(42)を起動させないことを特徴とする注入装置。 - 前記注入装置は、さらに前記針ユニット(22)を覆うように適合されたカバー(6)と、前記カバー(6)の存在を検出し、前記電子制御ユニットに信号を供給するカバー検出スイッチ(28)から構成され、前記電子制御ユニットが前記カバー(6)の存在を示す信号を受け取った場合、前記電子制御ユニットが前記アームボタン(16)からの信号に応答しないようになされていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の注入装置。
- 前記注入装置には、さらに表示パネル(10)が設けられ、前記表示パネル(10)は押し出される投与量を承認する表示を有していることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の注入装置。
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| GBGB0031466.6A GB0031466D0 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2000-12-22 | Improvements in and relating to an injection device |
| PCT/GB2001/005711 WO2002051479A1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2001-12-21 | Pen-type injector having an electronic control unit |
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