JP2008181978A - 半導体記憶装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置は、抵抗変化素子及びダイオードが直列に接続されたメモリ素子を複数有する複数のメモリ素子群と、メモリ素子群の複数のメモリ素子それぞれの一端にそれぞれ接続された複数のソース線と、を有する。複数のメモリ素子群の前記複数のソース線は、それぞれ、2次元的に広がる板状の導電体層である。
【選択図】図1
Description
抵抗変化素子及びダイオードが直列に接続されたメモリ素子を複数有する複数のメモリ素子群と、
前記メモリ素子群の前記複数のメモリ素子それぞれの一端にそれぞれ接続された複数のソース線と、
を有し、
前記複数のメモリ素子群の前記複数のソース線は、それぞれ、2次元的に広がる板状の導電体層であることを特徴とする不揮発性半導体記憶装置が提供される。
抵抗変化素子及びダイオードが直列に接続されたメモリ素子を複数有する複数のメモリ素子群と、
前記メモリ素子群の前記複数のメモリ素子それぞれの一端にソース及びドレインの一方がそれぞれ接続された複数の選択トランジスタと、
前記のメモリ素子群の前記複数のメモリ素子それぞれの他端にそれぞれ接続された複数のソース線と、
前記複数の選択トランジスタのソース及びドレインの他方がそれぞれ接続された複数のビット線と、
前記複数の選択トランジスタのゲートがそれぞれ接続された複数のワード線と、
を有し、
前記複数のソース線は、それぞれ、2次元的に広がる板状の導電体層であることを特徴とする不揮発性半導体記憶装置が提供される。
(単極性動作の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1)
(OxRRAM:Oxide Resistive RAM)
実施形態1に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1の概略構成図を図1に示す。本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1は、メモリ素子領域3、複数のビット線5、ビット線駆動回路7、複数のソース線9、複数のワード線11、ワード線駆動回路13等を有している。実施形態1に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1のメッキ用配線部17は、不揮発性半導体記憶装置1のメッキプロセスの後に切除された部分を示している。図1に示すように、本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1においては、メモリ素子領域3を構成するメモリ素子15は、半導体層を複数積層することによって形成されている。図1に示すとおり、各層のソース線9は、ある領域で2次元的に広がっている。各層のソース線9は、それぞれ同一層からなる板状の平面構造を有している。本実施形態に係る不揮発性半導体記憶装置1は、メモリ素子15に流れる電流の向きが一定である。本実施形態に係る不揮発性半導体記憶装置1を「単極性動作の不揮発性半導体記憶装置」という場合がある。
書き込み電圧V_set=0.5V
消去電圧V_reset=1V
ダイオードのブレイクダウン電圧VBD=2V
本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1におけるデータ(情報)の「読み出し動作」について、メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に記憶されているデータの読み出し動作を例にとって図4を参照して説明する。本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1においては、ワード線WL1〜WL3、ビット線BL1〜BL3、ソース線SL1〜SL3それぞれに接続されたトランジスタをON又はOFFすることによって、ワード線WL1〜WL3、ビット線BL1〜BL3、ソース線SL1〜SL3に信号を印加するようにしている。なお、ここで説明する本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1におけるデータの読み出し動作時のワード線、ビット線、ソース線等に印加する電圧のバイアス関係は一例であり、これに限定されるわけではない。
本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1におけるデータの「書き込み動作」について、メモリ素子M(2,1,2)へのデータの書き込み動作を例にとって図5を参照して説明する。なお、ここで説明する本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1におけるデータの書き込み動作時のワード線、ビット線、ソース線等に印加する電圧のバイアス関係は一例であり、これに限定されるわけではない。
本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1におけるデータの「消去動作」について、図6を用いてメモリ素子M(2,1,2)のデータの消去動作を例にとって説明する。
(1)下部側ワード線WL11〜WL13、下部側ビット線BL11〜BL13及びソース線SL1〜SL3を選択する
(2)上部側ワード線WL21〜WL23、上部側ビット線BL21〜BL23及びソース線SL1〜SL3を選択する
(3)下部側ワード線WL11〜WL13及び上部側ワード線WL21〜WL23、下部側ビット線BL11〜BL13及び上部側ビット線BL21〜BL23、並びにソース線SL1〜SL3を選択する
(OxRRAM:Oxide Resistive RAM)
本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1の製造プロセスについて、以下図13〜図37を参照しながら説明する。なお、図13〜図37においては、本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1のメモリ素子領域3の一部が示されている。図13(C)〜図37(C)は、メモリ素子領域3の上面図である。図13(A)〜図37(A)は、メモリ素子領域3の断面図であり、図13(C)〜図37(C)に示すA−A’の断面に相当する図である。図13(B)〜図37(B)は、メモリ素子領域3の断面図であり、図13(C)〜図37(C)に示すB−B’の断面に相当する図である。また、図13(A)〜図37(A)及び図13(C)〜図37(C)において、破線で示す右側の部分は、後述するメッキ処理用の配線部分を示している。なお、ここで説明する本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1のメモリ素子領域3の製造プロセスは、本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1のメモリ素子領域3の製造プロセスの一例に過ぎず、これに限定されるわけではない。
(双極性動作の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1)
(OxRRAM:Oxide Resistive RAM)
本実施形態2に係る不揮発性半導体記憶装置1は、メモリ素子15に流れる電流の向きが双方向である。ここでは、メモリ素子15に流れる電流の向きが双方向である本実施形態に係る不揮発性半導体記憶装置1を「双極性動作の不揮発性半導体記憶装置」という場合がある。
書き込み電圧V_set=0.5V
消去電圧V_reset=−0.5V
ダイオードのブレイクダウン電圧VBD=1V
本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1におけるデータの「消去動作」について、メモリ素子M(2,1,2)のデータの消去動作を例にとって説明する。
(単極性動作の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の製造プロセス)
(OxRRAM:Oxide Resistive RAM)
本実施形態に係る本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置1の別の製造プロセスについて、以下図41〜図48を参照しながら説明する。本実施形態においては、メモリ素子15を構成する抵抗変化素子を形成する際に、抵抗変化素子を構成する窒化チタン(TiN)シリサイドの表面を酸化する。また、本実施形態においては、実施形態1で説明したようなメッキプロセスを必要としないので、メッキ配線を形成する必要がない。
(PRAM:Phase Change RAM)
本実施形態4においては、単極性動作の本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の例として、GST(GeSbTe)等の相変化膜を用いた相変化型の不揮発性半導体記憶装置(PRAM:Phase Change RAM)について説明する。
(メモリ素子のパラメータ)
書き込み電圧V_set=0.5V
消去電圧V_reset=1V
ダイオードのブレイクダウン電圧VBD=2V
(読み出し動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLread=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLread=0.2V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(書き込み動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLset=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLset=0.7V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(消去動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLset=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLset=1.5V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(MRAM:Magnetic RAM)
本実施形態5においては、双極性動作の本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の例として、CoFe等の強磁性体層を用いた不揮発性半導体記憶装置(MRAM:magnetic RAM)について説明する。
(メモリ素子のパラメータ)
書き込み電圧V_set=1V
消去電圧V_reset=−1V
ダイオードのブレイクダウン電圧VBD=2V
(読み出し動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLread=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLread=0.2V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(書き込み動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLset=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLset=1.2V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(消去動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLset=2.5V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:1.5V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLset=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(RRAM:Resisitive RAM)
本実施形態6においては、双極性動作の本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の例として、Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3等の電界誘起抵抗変化(CER)効果を有する材料を用いた不揮発性半導体記憶装置(RRAM:Resisitive RAM)について説明する。
(メモリ素子のパラメータ)
書き込み電圧V_set=0.5V
消去電圧V_reset=−0.5V
ダイオードのブレイクダウン電圧VBD=1V
(読み出し動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLread=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLread=0.2V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(書き込み動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLset=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLset=0.7V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(消去動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLset=1.2V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:0.6V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLset=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(PMCRAM:Programmable Metallization RAM)
本実施形態7においては、双極性動作の本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の例として、CuS、AgGeS、CuGeS、AgGeSe等の電解質材料を用いた不揮発性半導体記憶装置(PMCRAM:Programmable Metallization RAM)について説明する。
(メモリ素子のパラメータ)
書き込み電圧V_set=0.5V
消去電圧V_reset=−0.5V
ダイオードのブレイクダウン電圧VBD=1V
(読み出し動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLread=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLread=0.2V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(書き込み動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLset=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLset=0.7V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(消去動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLset=1.2V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:0.6V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLset=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(OTP Memory:One Time Programmable MMemory)
本実施形態8においては、本発明の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の例として、各メモリ素子15がPN接合の間に酸化膜等の絶縁膜を有する不揮発性半導体記憶装置(OTP Memory:One Time Programmable Memory)について説明する。
(メモリ素子のパラメータ)
書き込み電圧V_set=4.0V
ダイオードのブレイクダウン電圧VBD=2V
(読み出し動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLread=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLread=1.0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
(書き込み動作時)
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線の電位:Von=3V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているワード線以外のワード線の電位:Voff=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線の電位:VSLset=0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているソース線以外のソース線の電位:フローティング
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線の電位:VBLset=5.0V
選択メモリ素子M(2,1,2)に接続されているビット線以外のビット線の電位:フローティング
上述の実施形態1〜実施形態8においては、メモリ素子領域3の選択トランジスタ20をメモリ素子の下部に配置する例について説明した。本実施形態においては、メモリ素子領域3の選択トランジスタ20をメモリ素子の上部に配置する例、並びに選択トランジスタ20を上部及び下部の両側に配置する例ついて説明する。本実施形態の選択トランジスタの配置例は、上述の全ての実施形態に適用することができる。
上述の実施形態1〜実施形態8においては、メモリ素子領域3のメモリ素子15及び選択トランジスタ20がワード線WLの幅よりも小さく、上部から見たとき、メモリ素子15及び選択トランジスタ20がワード線内に配置されている例について説明した。本実施形態においては、メモリ素子領域3のメモリ素子15及び選択トランジスタ20がワード線WLの幅よりも小さく、上部から見たとき、メモリ素子15がワード線からはみ出して配置されている例について説明する。本実施形態のメモリ素子15及び選択トランジスタ20の配置例は、上述の全ての実施形態に適用することができる。
3 メモリ素子領域
5 ビット線
7 ビット線駆動回路
9 ソース線
11 ワード線
13 ワード線駆動回路
15 メモリ素子
Claims (5)
- 抵抗変化素子及びダイオードが直列に接続されたメモリ素子を複数有する複数のメモリ素子群と、
前記メモリ素子群の前記複数のメモリ素子それぞれの一端にそれぞれ接続された複数のソース線と、
を有し、
前記複数のメモリ素子群の前記複数のソース線は、それぞれ、2次元的に広がる板状の導電体層であることを特徴とする不揮発性半導体記憶装置。 - 抵抗変化素子及びダイオードが直列に接続されたメモリ素子を複数有する複数のメモリ素子群と、
前記メモリ素子群の前記複数のメモリ素子それぞれの一端にソース及びドレインの一方がそれぞれ接続された複数の選択トランジスタと、
前記のメモリ素子群の前記複数のメモリ素子それぞれの他端にそれぞれ接続された複数のソース線と、
前記複数の選択トランジスタのソース及びドレインの他方がそれぞれ接続された複数のビット線と、
前記複数の選択トランジスタのゲートがそれぞれ接続された複数のワード線と、
を有し、
前記複数のソース線は、それぞれ、2次元的に広がる板状の導電体層であることを特徴とする不揮発性半導体記憶装置。 - 前記メモリ素子群の前記複数のメモリ素子は、同一面内に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
- 前記複数のメモリ素子群は、それぞれ、絶縁体を介して積層されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
- 前記抵抗変化素子は、金属酸化物、相変化膜、電界誘起抵抗変化効果を有する材料、又は電解質材料を有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
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| US7910914B2 (en) | 2011-03-22 |
| US20080175032A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
| JP5091491B2 (ja) | 2012-12-05 |
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