DE3023479A1 - Phosphatierverfahren - Google Patents
PhosphatierverfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- DE3023479A1 DE3023479A1 DE19803023479 DE3023479A DE3023479A1 DE 3023479 A1 DE3023479 A1 DE 3023479A1 DE 19803023479 DE19803023479 DE 19803023479 DE 3023479 A DE3023479 A DE 3023479A DE 3023479 A1 DE3023479 A1 DE 3023479A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- phosphating
- bath
- metal surfaces
- phosphate
- total
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 NaF Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 229940077935 zinc phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2] WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SCYYUUINVKYGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-K P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Zn+2].[Mn+2] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Zn+2].[Mn+2] SCYYUUINVKYGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydron;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Mn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron (II) ion Substances [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940077478 manganese phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002553 FeIII Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BECVLEVEVXAFSH-UHFFFAOYSA-K manganese(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [Mn+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O BECVLEVEVXAFSH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUWGUJSXVOBPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-B titanium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O JUWGUJSXVOBPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
- C23C22/364—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates containing also manganese cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/18—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
- C23C22/182—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations containing also zinc cations
- C23C22/184—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations containing also zinc cations containing also nickel cations
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803023479 DE3023479A1 (de) | 1980-06-24 | 1980-06-24 | Phosphatierverfahren |
| DE8181200442T DE3166907D1 (en) | 1980-06-24 | 1981-04-17 | Method of phosphating metallic surfaces |
| EP81200442A EP0042631B1 (de) | 1980-06-24 | 1981-04-17 | Verfahren zur Phosphatierung von Metalloberflächen |
| ES502507A ES8305052A1 (es) | 1980-06-24 | 1981-05-26 | Metodo para aplicar recubrimientos de fosfato sobre superfi-cies metalicas de hierro y acero |
| PT73117A PT73117B (fr) | 1980-06-24 | 1981-06-02 | Procede de phosphatation au zinc/manganese |
| GB8118779A GB2078788B (en) | 1980-06-24 | 1981-06-18 | Compositions for coating metal surfaces |
| IT22510/81A IT1137254B (it) | 1980-06-24 | 1981-06-23 | Procedimento di fosfatazione |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803023479 DE3023479A1 (de) | 1980-06-24 | 1980-06-24 | Phosphatierverfahren |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3023479A1 true DE3023479A1 (de) | 1982-01-14 |
Family
ID=6105254
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803023479 Withdrawn DE3023479A1 (de) | 1980-06-24 | 1980-06-24 | Phosphatierverfahren |
| DE8181200442T Expired DE3166907D1 (en) | 1980-06-24 | 1981-04-17 | Method of phosphating metallic surfaces |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8181200442T Expired DE3166907D1 (en) | 1980-06-24 | 1981-04-17 | Method of phosphating metallic surfaces |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0042631B1 (es) |
| DE (2) | DE3023479A1 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES8305052A1 (es) |
| GB (1) | GB2078788B (es) |
| IT (1) | IT1137254B (es) |
| PT (1) | PT73117B (es) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4681641A (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1987-07-21 | Ford Motor Company | Alkaline resistant phosphate conversion coatings |
| JPS5935681A (ja) * | 1982-08-24 | 1984-02-27 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | カチオン型電着塗装用金属表面のリン酸塩処理方法 |
| US6342107B1 (en) * | 1982-08-24 | 2002-01-29 | Henkel Corporation | Phosphate coatings for metal surfaces |
| EP0172806A4 (en) * | 1984-01-06 | 1986-05-16 | Ford Motor Co | ALKALINE RESISTANCE PHOSPHATE CONVERSION COATING. |
| US5234509A (en) * | 1984-12-20 | 1993-08-10 | Henkel Corporation | Cold deformation process employing improved lubrication coating |
| CA1257527A (en) * | 1984-12-20 | 1989-07-18 | Thomas W. Tull | Cold deformation process employing improved lubrication coating |
| DE3636390A1 (de) * | 1986-10-25 | 1988-04-28 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur erzeugung von phosphatueberzuegen auf metallen |
| FR2618164B1 (fr) * | 1987-06-25 | 1994-02-04 | Roquette Freres | Solution et procede de phosphatation mixte. |
| DE3840668A1 (de) * | 1988-12-02 | 1990-06-07 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren beim phosphatieren von metalloberflaechen |
| DE4433946A1 (de) * | 1994-09-23 | 1996-03-28 | Henkel Kgaa | Phosphatierverfahren ohne Nachspülung |
| US20040221924A1 (en) | 1999-09-30 | 2004-11-11 | Klaus-Dieter Nittel | Method for applying manganese phosphate layers |
| DE19947232A1 (de) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-05 | Chemetall Gmbh | Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Manganphosphatschichten |
| DE10010355A1 (de) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-09-13 | Chemetall Gmbh | Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines Phosphatüberzuges und Verwendung der derart phosphatierten Metallteile |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1287412B (de) * | 1963-11-30 | 1969-01-16 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Korrosionsbestaendigkeit durch Herstellung von Phosphatueberzuegen erhoehten Schichtgewichts auf Oberflaechen aus Eisen und Stahl |
| US4086103A (en) * | 1975-08-13 | 1978-04-25 | Kevin James Woods | Accelerator for phosphating solutions |
| JPS5910430B2 (ja) * | 1976-04-19 | 1984-03-08 | 日本ペイント株式会社 | リン酸塩皮膜化成処理方法 |
| GB1591039A (en) * | 1977-05-03 | 1981-06-10 | Pyrene Chemical Services Ltd | Processes and compositions for coating metal surfaces |
| JPS5456038A (en) * | 1977-10-12 | 1979-05-04 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | Controlling method for acidic phosphate film forming liquid |
-
1980
- 1980-06-24 DE DE19803023479 patent/DE3023479A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1981
- 1981-04-17 DE DE8181200442T patent/DE3166907D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-04-17 EP EP81200442A patent/EP0042631B1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-05-26 ES ES502507A patent/ES8305052A1/es not_active Expired
- 1981-06-02 PT PT73117A patent/PT73117B/pt unknown
- 1981-06-18 GB GB8118779A patent/GB2078788B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-06-23 IT IT22510/81A patent/IT1137254B/it active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1137254B (it) | 1986-09-03 |
| ES502507A0 (es) | 1983-04-16 |
| PT73117A (fr) | 1981-07-01 |
| DE3166907D1 (en) | 1984-12-06 |
| EP0042631B1 (de) | 1984-10-31 |
| PT73117B (fr) | 1982-07-15 |
| EP0042631A1 (de) | 1981-12-30 |
| IT8122510A0 (it) | 1981-06-23 |
| ES8305052A1 (es) | 1983-04-16 |
| GB2078788A (en) | 1982-01-13 |
| GB2078788B (en) | 1984-10-03 |
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