TWI309167B - Combination treatment for non-hematologic malignancies - Google Patents
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- TWI309167B TWI309167B TW094124112A TW94124112A TWI309167B TW I309167 B TWI309167 B TW I309167B TW 094124112 A TW094124112 A TW 094124112A TW 94124112 A TW94124112 A TW 94124112A TW I309167 B TWI309167 B TW I309167B
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Classifications
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
- A61K39/39533—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals
- A61K39/39541—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals against normal tissues, cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/28—Compounds containing heavy metals
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/337—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
- A61K31/57—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane or progesterone
- A61K31/573—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane or progesterone substituted in position 21, e.g. cortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone or aldosterone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
1309167 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之^技彳軒々貝域】 發明背景 本發明關於一種供治療非血液性惡性腫瘤之方法,其 5包含聯合投予抗-類胰島素生長因子I受器(IGF-1R)抗體與 其他治療劑,如:化學治療劑及荷爾蒙療法。 t先前治L冬好;3 類胰島素生長因子(IGF)訊息傳遞系統在許多組織的 生長及發育扮演重要的角色且調控整體生長。類胰島素生 10長因子(1G F)係一 7.5 kD多肽以高濃度循環於血液中且在大 部份組織中可偵測到。沿厂丨刺激細胞分化及細胞增生,以 及係大部份哺乳動物細胞類型持續增生所需。這些細胞類 型包括,尤其是:人類二倍體纖維母細胞、上皮細胞、平 滑肌細胞、T淋巴細胞、神經細胞、骨髓系細胞、軟骨細胞、 15造骨母細胞以及骨髓幹細胞。 導致受IGF-1刺激的細胞增生或細胞分化之傳導路徑 的第—步係IGF-1或IGF-2 (或超越生理性濃度的胰島素)結 合至IGF-1受器。該igF-Ι受器(IGF-1R)係由兩種類型的次單 元構成:—α次單元(一 130-135kD蛋白質係全為細胞外的且 20功能為配位子(ligand)結合)以及一β次單元(一95kD穿膜蛋 白質’具有穿膜與細胞質組域)。IGF結合蛋白質(IGFBPs), 至少部份地藉由競爭性結合IGFs及防止IGFs與IGF-1R聯 合’而具有生長抑制作用。IGF-卜IGF-2、IGF-1R與IGFBPs 影響許多生理性及病理性過程,諸如:發育、生長及代謝 1309167
S亥IGF-1R係初始地被合成為一單鏈前驅受器多肽,其 丈下述處理:糖化、蛋白質水解性切解以及共價鍵結,而 組成一成熟的包含二個α次單元與二個β次單元之46〇kDw 5異員體。該專P次單元持有受配位子活化的赂胺酸激酶活 性。此活性涉入調控配位子作用之訊息傳遞路徑,含括·· p 次單元之自體磷酸化及IGF-1R受質之鱗酸化。 關於IGF-1及/或IGF-1R在活體内與活體外腫瘤細胞的 維持之角色有相當多的證據。IGF-1R的位準下列癌症中係 10 提升:肺癌(Kaiser et al., J. 心又 d 0«co/· 119: 665-668, 1993; Moody et al., Life Sciences 52: 1161-1173, 1993; Macauley et al·, Cancer 及队,50: 2511-2517, 1990)、乳 癌(Pollack et al.,Cancer 38: 223-230, 1987; Foekens et al., Cancer Res. 49:7002-7009, 1989; Cullen et al., Cancer 15
Res. 49:7002-7009, 1990; Arteaga et al., J. Clin. Invest. 84: 1418-1423,1989)、前列腺癌及大腸癌(Remaole-Bennet et al·, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 75:609-616, 1992; Guo et al.,
Ga你oewiero/· 102: 1101-1108,1992)。此外,IGF-1 顯現為 人類神經膠質瘤的自體分泌(autocrine)刺激劑 20 (Sandberg-Nordqvist et al., Cancer Res. 53: 2475-2478, 1993),而IGF-1刺激過度表現IGF-R的纖維肉瘤之生長 (Butler et al·, 58:3021-27,1998)。此外,相較於 具有“低正常,,範圍IGF-1之個體,有“高正常”位準IGF-1之個 體具有增加的一般癌症危險性(Rosen et a1.,办 1309167 五《而crz_m?/. MeiflZ?. 10: 136-41, 1999)。有關 IGF-1/IGF-1 受器 交互作用在多種人類腫瘤扮演之角色,參見Macaulay, J. Cancer, 65:311-320,1992。 5
10 15
目鈾有許多類型的抗贅生劑被使用。多稀紫杉醇 (docetaxel),係一組稱為“紫杉醇(taxane)”的藥物之一者, 其係得自紫杉樹的樹幹及針葉,係第一個呈現比多路賓 (doxorubm)顯著更高的反應速率之抗癌藥劑,多路賓係— 活性很高的藥劑且廣泛地被用於轉移性乳癌的第一線治療 之化學療法中。多烯紫杉醇也是第一個化療藥物以單獨藥 d即展現々晚期乳癌患者有增加的存活,相較於普遍使用 ;此類族群之絲裂霉素C(mit〇myCin C)與長春驗 (vinblastine)的組合方案。長春鹼與多烯紫杉醇之組合中疾 病%、化的日〗間與治療失效的時間之巾位數係顯著地較長於 =春驗與、4裂霉素c之組合者,且長春驗與多稀紫杉醇之組 _ 年存'舌率係顯著地更高。彳關多紫杉醇於其他的 人類惡性腫瘤,諸如m肺癌、頭頸部癌、胃癌及 胰臟癌,有希”絲也被域。 Λ 太平洋备、杉醇(paclitaxel),也是一種“紫杉醇 (加㈣、’結合錢管且防止料分子組合解體,藉此抑 /有絲分裂(細皰分裂)。纺錘體靜止使得細胞無法分裂成子 匕—太=洋糸杉醇係最有效於對抗卵巢癌與晚期乳癌。 育爾豕療去可以是非常有效於降低女性之荷爾蒙受哭 ==癌再發危險性。它莫西芬(T_xlfen)係一荷爾; 最長崎約—辦。其崎了雌激《«細胞的作 20 ϊ7 =,防止該等細胞生長。它莫西芬可減少停經後婦女侧% 灸再發率1及停經前婦女3G之再發率。其也降低未 房中發展新的乳癌之危險性’以及可延緩晚期 近年來’芳香酶(ar〇mat㈣抑·已被使用為荷爾蒙 性二此類型療法只建議用於停經後婦女之荷爾蒙受器陽 、生、〒☆其運作係藉由阻斷肌肉或脂肪組織中雌激素製 ,系彳τ、、二後之女性主要的雌激素來源,停經後卵巢停 止製造顯著量的雌激素。 在美國,前列腺癌係最普遍也是男㈣二大癌症死 因。約10%的初始前列腺癌病例呈現轉移疾病。然而,其 餘者’儘管經外科手術、射線或藥物治療,轉移也會發展, =轉移者最終會變成荷爾蒙療法頑抗型。化學療法使用 於何爾蒙頑抗型(非雄性素依賴型)進行性前列腺邮Rpc)
t已歷經分析為效果不良且高毒性。更新的含有多烯紫杉 醇之方案已顯示存活效益優於先前緩和性方案。儘管此一 正面趨勢,經多烯紫杉醇與潑尼松(prednisone)治療的HRPC 患者其存活中位數係僅18 9個月;清楚地,需要更有效的 方案供治療HRPC患者。 ^雖然某些現今可獲得的抗癌治療之成功、完整的反應 係不*見,且這些治療頑抗型之患者族群仍然廣大。因此, ,方案之發展,特別疋能擴增或加強其他抗贅生劑的抗癌 活性者係需要的。 馨於IGF-1與IGF-1R在癌症或其他增生疾患(當IGF_ ^ 1309167 及/或IGF-1R過度表現)此類疾病之角色,針對IGF-1R的抗 體已被製造,其等阻斷IGF-1或IGF-2與IGF-1R之結合。此 等抗體係描述於,例如,國際專利申請號WO 02/053596, 在2002年7月11號公開;國際專利申請號WO 05/016967與 5 WO 05/016970,都在2005年2月24號公開;國際專利申請號 WO 03/106621,在2003年12月24號公開;國際專利申請號 WO 04/083248 ’在2004年9月30號公開;國際專利申請號 WO 03/100008,在2003年12月4號公開;國際專利申請號 WO 04/087756 ’在2004年1〇月14號公開;國際專利申請號 10 WO 05/005635,在2005年1月26號公開。因為其等阻斷腫瘤 細胞存活路徑之能力,所以可望使用此等抗IGF_1R抗體來 治療病患之癌症’特別是非血液性惡性腫瘤’以獲得改善 的臨床效益,相對於單獨的標準癌症治療方案。
C發明内容;J 15 發明概要 本發明係關於一種用以治療一晚期非血液性惡性腫瘤 患者之方法,該患者係需要此治療,該方法包含一步驟: 投予該患者一治療有效量的抗IGF1R抗體。 更特定地,本發明係關於一方法,其包含如下步驟: 20投予該患者一專一地結合至IGF-1R之抗體以及至少一治療 有效篁的藥劑,該藥劑係選自以下所構成之組群:一烷化 劑、一葉酸拮抗劑、—嘧啶拮抗劑、一胞毒性抗生素、一 鉑化s物、一务杉醇(taxane)、_長春花鹼(vinca alh丨〇^)、 -拓樸異構酶抑制劑、_EG_p制劑以及—荷爾蒙療法藥 劑。較佳地,該抗體係專一地結合至人類IGF-1R。 本發明的一個較佳具體例中,該抗IGF-R抗體具有下述 性質:(a)對於人類IGF-1R的結合親和力係K(^8xl〇-9或更 少’以及(b)對人類IGF-1R與IGF-1之間的結合抑制為1(:50少 於 100 nM。 奉^明的另一個較佳具體例中,該抗IGF_1R抗體包 含.(a)—重鏈係包含一抗體之cdr_i、CDR-2與CDR-3的胺 基酸序列,該抗體係選自以下所構成之組群:2121、 2.13·2、2.14·3、4.9.2、4.17.3及6.U,以及(b)— 輕鏈係包 含-抗體之CDR-卜CDR_2與CDR_3的胺基酸序列,該抗體 係選自以下所構成之組群:2.121、213.2、2.14 3、4.9 2、 (17.3及6.U或⑷多個序列係來自一選自以 蛘:2.12.1、2.13.2、2.l4,、m Γ . 4·9·2、4.17.3及6.1.1 之抗體的 ^列且具錢化’料相_自於伟性變化 被其他非紐殘絲代=述之組群:非極性殘基 電性殘基取代、極性帶電性殘基被其他極性非帶 代,殘基破其他極性帶電性殘基取 代以及結構上相似的殘基 其中該非雜姉切為 &,以及非核性取代, 殘基取代極性非帶電性軌2叙組群.雜性帶電性 基、添加及删減。 A W擁性絲取代極性殘 本發明也關於—種用 學組成物,包含:(a)_、/ 非血祕紐腫瘤之藥
之抗體,⑼至少-治2療錢量的專—地結合至1GF_1R '、有政置的藥劑,該藥劑係選自以下 1309167 所構成之組群:一烧化劑、一葉酸拮抗劑、一喷咬拮抗劑、 一胞毒性抗生素、一鉑化合物、一紫杉醇(taxane)、一長春 花驗(vinca alkaloid)、一拓樸異構酶抑制劑、一EGFR抑制 劑以及一荷爾蒙療法藥劑,以及(c)一藥學上可接受的載劑。 5圖式簡單說明 第1A-1C圖顯示來自六種人類抗IGF-1R抗體的輕鏈可 變區域之核苷酸序列相互比對以及與生殖細胞序列之比 對。第1A圖顯示抗體2.12.1 (序列辨識編號:1)、抗體2.13.2 (序列辨識編號:5)、抗體2.14.3 (序列辨識編號:9)以及抗 10 體4_9.2 (序列辨識編號:13)的輕鏈可變區域(VL)之核苷酸 序列相互比對以及與生殖細胞Vk A30序列(序列辨識編 號:39)之比對。第1B圖顯示抗體4.17.3 (序列辨識編號:17) VL之核苷酸序列與生殖細胞Vk 012序列(序列辨識編號: 41)之比對。第1C圖顯示抗體6.1.1 (序列辨識編號:21) VL 15 之核苷酸序列與生殖細胞Vk A27序列(序列辨識編號:37) 之比對。該等比對亦顯示各個抗體之VL的CDR區域。第 1A-1C圖的一致性序列(consensus sequence)係分別地顯示 於序列辨識編號:53-55。 第2A-2D圖顯示來自六種人類抗IGF-1R抗體的重鏈可 2〇 變區域之核苷酸序列相互比對以及與生殖細胞序列之比 對。第2A圖顯示抗體2.12.1 (序列辨識編號:3)的重鏈可變 區域(VH)之核苷酸序列與生殖細胞VH DP-35序列(序列辨 識編號:29)之比對。第2B圖顯示抗體2.14.3 (序列辨識編 號:11) VH之核苷酸序列與生殖細胞VIV-4/4.35序列(序列 11 1309167 辨識編號:句之比對。第2C-1與2C-2圖顯示抗體2.13.2(序 列辨識編號:7)、抗體4.9.2 (序列辨識編號:15)及抗體6.1.1 (序列辨識編號:23) VH之核苷酸序列與生殖細胞VH DP-47 序列(序列辨識編號:31)之比對。第2D圖顯示抗體4.17.3 (序 5列辨識編號:19) VH之核苷酸序列與生殖細胞VH DP-71序 列(序列辨識編號:35)之比對。該等比對亦顯示各個抗體的 CDR區域。第2A-2D圖的一致性序列係分別地顯示於序列辨 識編號:56-59。 第3A圖顯示2.13.2與2.12.1的重鏈與輕鏈之不同的區 10域之突變數目,相較於生殖細胞序列。第3A-D圖顯示抗體 2.13.2與2.12.1的重鏈與輕鏈之序列與衍生該等抗體之生殖 細胞序列之比對。第3B圖顯示抗體213·2的重鏈胺基酸序列 (序列辨識編號:45)與生殖細胞dp_47(3-23)/D6-19/JH6的胺 基西文序列(序列辨識編號:46)之比對。第3C圖顯示抗體 15 2.13·2的輕鏈胺基酸序列(序列辨識編號:47)與生殖細胞 A30/Jk2的胺基酸序列(序列辨識編號:48)之比對。第3〇圖 顯示抗體2.12.1的重鏈胺基酸序列(序列辨識編號:49)與生 殖細胞DP-35(3-l 1VD3-3/JH6的胺基酸序列(序列辨識編 號:5〇)之比對。第3E圖顯示抗體的輕鏈胺基酸序列 2〇 (序列辨識編號:叫與生殖細胞A3〇/J_胺基酸序列(序列 辨識編號:52)之比對。關於第3B_E圖,該等訊息序列係斜 體者,該等CDR係劃底線者,該等不變區域係粗體者,該 等架構(FR)突變係以正號(+)在該胺基酸殘基上方標出,^ 及該等CDR突變係以星號在該胺基酸殘基上方標出。 12 1309167 第4圖顯示抗IGF-1R抗體2· 13.2及4.9.2減少3T3-IGF-1R 腫瘤中之IGF-1R磷酸化作用的信號。 第5圖顯示抗IGF-1R抗體2.13.2抑制3T3-IGF-1R腫瘤於 活體内之生長。 5 【實施方式】 較佳實施例之詳細說明 本發明關於非血液性惡性腫瘤之治療,包括:乳癌、 肺癌、腦癌、皮膚癌' 卵巢癌、前列腺癌、頭頸部癌、大 腸直腸癌、胃癌、膀胱癌、腎癌、食道癌及胰臟癌,以及 10兒童的固態性腫瘤。早期與晚期(轉移性)癌症之治療都在本 發明範疇内。較佳具體例中,本發明方法係使用於治療乳 癌、前列腺癌及非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)。 目前有許多類型的化學治療藥劑被用來治療非血液性 惡性腫瘤’其等係適用於本發明之組合式療法。例如,烧 15 化劑係一類會烷化DNA的藥物,限制DNA股之解捲 (uncoiling)與複製。烷化劑包括:環磷醯胺 (cyclophosphamide, CYTOXAN)、異環磷醯胺(ifosfamide, IFEX)、氮芬氫氣酸鹽(mechl〇rethamine hydrochloride, MUSTARGEN)、塞替派(thiotepa, THIOPLEX)、鏈脲佐菌素 20 (streptozotocin, ZANOSAR)、卡氮芥(carmustine, BICNU、 GLIADEL WAFER)、羅氮芥(lomustine,CEENU)以及達卡巴 嗉(dacarbazine, DTIC-DOME)。供用於本發明方法之一較佳 的烷化劑係環磷醯胺。 葉酸拮抗劑結合至二氫葉酸還原酶(D H F R)且干擾嘧 13 1309167 咬(胸腺σ密0定)合成。甲胺嗓吟(methotrexate,MATREX、 FOLEX、TREXALL)、三曱曲沙(trimetrexate,NEUTREXIN) 及培美曲峻(pemetrexed, ARIMTA)係葉酸拮抗劑,其等適用 於本發明之方法中。除了DHFR,培美曲唑也抑制胸苷酸合 5 成酶與甘胺醯胺核苷酸曱醯基轉移酶,另外兩個涉入胸腺 嘧啶合成之葉酸依賴型酵素。 嘧啶拮抗劑抑制涉入嘧啶合成之酵素。當為嘧啶類似 物’其等也藉由與正常核苷酸競爭被納入DNA分子而干擾 DNA製造。適用於本發明方法之嘧啶拮抗劑包括:5_氟尿 10 嘧啶(5-FU);卡西他汀(capecitabine,XELODA); 5’-去氧-5-氟尿苷(5’-FDUR)的前驅藥,其係在活體内被酵素轉換成 5-FU ;雷替曲塞(raltitrexed,TOMUDEX);替加氟-尿嘧啶 (tegafur-uracil, UFTORAL);以及吉西他汀(gemcitabine, GEMZAR)。 15 蒽環黴素(anthracycline)抗生素藉由嵌入DNA雙股間 抑制DNA解捲而引發一細胞毒殺作用。蒽環黴素及蒽環黴 素衍生物包括:多路賓(doxorubin)氫氯酸鹽(ADRIAMYCIN, RUBEX, DOXIL)、表路賓(epimbicin)氫氯酸鹽(ELLENCE, PHARMORUBICIN)' 達諾路賓(daunorubicin, CERUBIDINE, 20 DAUNOXOME)、尼莫路賓(nemorubicin)、埃達路賓 (idarubicin)氫氯酸鹽(IDAMYCIN PFS, ZAVEDOS)以及米 托蒽醌(mitoxantrone, DHAD, NOVANTRONE)。供用於本發 明方法之一較佳的蒽環黴素包括:多路賓及表路賓。 其他胞毒性抗生素係供用作為癌症化學治療劑且適用 14 1309167 於本發明。這些包括.放線菌素D(actinomycin D, COSMEGEN)、普卡黴素(plicamycin,MITHRACIN)、絲裂 霉素(mitomycin, MUTAMYCIN),以及平陽黴素(bleomycin, BLENOXANE)。放線菌素D係特佳的。
5 鉑化合物藉由插入作用及嵌入DNA雙股間(抑制DNA 之解捲)而發揮抗贅生物作用。有用於本發明方法中之鉑化 合物包括:順鉑(cisplatin,PLATINOL)及卡鉑(carb〇platin, PARAPLATIN)。 紫杉醇(taxane)促進微管之組合而抑制微管解體成微 10小管,藉此阻斷有絲分裂時細胞破解紡錘體之能力。其等 在作為單一藥劑療法以及與其他化療劑組合,已展現顯著 對抗許多固態腫瘤的活性。本發明之組合式療法之一具體 例包括:使用一或更多紫杉醇與IGF-1R抗體之組合。用以 與IGF-1R抗體組合之適合的紫杉醇包括:多烯紫杉醇 I5 (docetaxel,TAXOTERE)及太平洋紫杉醇(paditaxel, TAXOL)。 長春花鹼(vinca alkaloid),相似於紫杉醇,係“紡錘體 毒藥’作用在形成有絲分裂紡錘體之微管。其等藉由干擾 微管之組合,防止纺鍾體被形成因而抑制有絲分裂。長春 20花鹼包括:長春地辛(vindesine, ELDISINE)、硫酸長春驗 (vinblastine sulfate, ONCOVIN)以及酒石酸長春瑞濱 (vinorelbine tartrate,NAVELBINE)。供用於本發明方法之一 較佳的長春花鹼係長春瑞濱。 喜樹鹼(camptothecin)類似物透過抑制拓樸異構酶而作 15 1309167 用’拓樸異構酶係DNA複製與組裝的關鍵酵素。拓樸異構 姆I的位準在腊瘤細胞係高於正常細胞。有用於本發明方法 之喜樹鹼類似物包括:依立替康(irinotecan,CAMPTOSAR) 以及妥迫替康(topotecan, HYCAMTIN)。依立替康係特佳 5 的。 拓樸異構酶II之抑制劑干擾正常DNA分解、重組程序 (就如拓樸異構酶I之抑制劑之作用),且其等也干擾新複製 的染色體之分離,導致染色體斷裂突變及可能的細胞死 亡。前述討論的蒽環黴素(anthracycline)抗生素展現拓樸異 10 構酶II抑制活性。鬼臼毒素(podophyllotoxin)衍生物,一種 盾葉鬼臼的萃取物其係一種抗有絲分裂的糖苷,也是拓樸 異構酶II抑制劑。用於本發明中之合適的鬼臼毒素衍生物包 括:依托泊苷(etoposide, VEPESro)、碌酸依托泊:g: (etoposide phosphate, ET0P0PH0S),以及替尼泊普 15 (teniposide,VUM0N)。依托泊苷係特佳的。 針對上皮生長因子受體(EGFR)酪胺酸激酶(TK)的抑 制作用之化合物代表一相當新類型的抗贅生藥物,其等係 有用於本發明方法。許多人類癌症表現EGFR家族的成員於 細胞表面。當一配位子結合至EGFR,其抵阻一細胞反應之 2〇串聯,該細胞反應會導致細胞分裂增加與影響癌症發展與 惡化之其他方面,包括:血管新生、轉移性擴散以及抑制 細胞凋亡。EGFR-TK抑制劑可選擇性地以EGFR家族成員 (EGFR (亦稱為 HER1 或 ErbB-1)、HER2/neu (亦稱為 ErbB-2)、HER3 (亦稱為 ErbB-3)或HER4 (亦稱為 ErbB-4))之 16 1309167 一者為目標,或以其等之兩者或以上為目標。適用於本發 明之EGFR-ΤΚ抑制劑包括:吉非替尼(gefitinib, IRESSA)、 埃羅替尼(erlotinib,TARCEVA)、曲妥珠單抗(trastuzumab, HERCEPTIN)、盤尼圖單抗(panitumumab, ABX-EGF; 5 Abgenix/Amgen)、拉帕替尼(lapatinib, GlaxoSmith- Kline)、 Cl-1033 (Pfizer)、GW2016(GlaxoSmithKline)、EKB-569 (Wyeth)、PKI-166(Novartis)、CP-724,714 (Pfizer)以及 BIBX-1382 (Boeringer-Ingelheim)。其他的EGFR-TK抑制劑 係描述於美國專利公開號US 2002-0169165A1,公開於2002 10 年11月14日。 本發明組合式療法的另一具體例包括:使用荷爾蒙療 法與IGF-1R抗體之組合,於乳癌治療中特別是抗雌激素。 某些荷爾蒙治療係與雌激素競爭乳房組織中的結合位置。 這些包括檸檬酸它莫西芬(tamoxifen citrate, NOLVADEX) 15以及I維司群(fulvestrant, FASLODEX)。相似地,抗雄激素 阻斷睪固酮受器且因此係有用於雄激素依賴型前列腺癌之 治療。 其他何爾蒙治療包括芳香酶(aroniatase)抑制劑。這類 的荷爾蒙劑使芳香酶失活,該酵素將雄激素轉換成雌激 20素。適用以與1GF_1R抗體組合使用之芳香酶抑制劑的實 例’包括:阿那曲錯(anastroz〇ie,ARIMIDEX)、雷曲錯 (letrozole,FEMARA)、依曼適達(exernestane, AROMASIN) 以及法曲錯氫鼠酸鹽(fadrozole hydrochloride)。用於本發明 方法中之特佳的芳香酶抑制劑係依曼適達。 17 1309167 抗體與一額外治療劑之共同投予(組合式療法)涵蓋投 予一包含該抗IGF-1R抗體與一或更多額外治療劑之藥學組 成物,以及投予二或更多分開的藥學組成物,其中—者包 含該抗IGF-1R抗體且其餘者包含該(等)額外的治療劑。並 5 且,雖然共同投予或組合(聯合的)療法一般地意指,該抗體 與額外的治療劑係在同一時間一起被投予,其亦涵蓋該治 療之個別的組份被同時的、接續的或分開投藥。 本發明亦涵蓋在該第一及第二組份之外有其他治療劑 之投予’同時地或接續地投與這些組份之一者或更多。此 10等治療劑包括:鎮痛劑、癌症疫苗、抗血管劑、抗增生劑 及止吐劑。較佳的止吐劑包括:止敏吐(aprepitant)、昂丹 司瓊氫氯酸鹽(ondansetron hydrochloride)、格拉司瓊氫氯酸 鹽(granisetron hydrochloride)以及甲氧氯普胺 (metoclopramide)。 15 β各個投予之期間變異可從快速投予至連續灌注。結果 疋對於本發明之目的,該組合不獨斷地受限於獲自組成 伤之物理關聯’也限於允許分開投予者,其係可被同時地 或刀開#又時間投予。依據本發明之組成物較佳的係可不 、”二口投予。然而,這些組成物在定位的局部性療法中可被 20 口服地或腹臈内地投予。 誠如热g本項技藝者會認知,欲被使用與IGF-1R抗體 且:的⑺療劑之選擇,以及其等之使用時效,將會部份地 依欲Ί癌症的類型與分期而決定。例如,早期乳癌中 (嚿症為擴政至乳房之外),一般地手術與放射線照射後 18 1309167
接著輔助性化學療法或輔助性荷爾蒙療法,於本發明方法 中,其中任一者可被與IGF_1R抗體組合。對於早期乳癌之 典型的輔助性化學療法包括:環磷醯胺 (cyclophosphamide)、甲胺喋呤(meth〇trexate)與 5_FU 5 ( CMF’),5-FU、多路賓(d〇xorubin)與環磷醯胺(“FAC”); 多烯紫杉醇(docetaxel)、多路賓與環磷醯胺(“TAC”);多路 負與環磷醯胺(“AC”);多路賓與環磷醯胺(“TAC”)隨後太平 洋紫杉醇(paclitaxel)(“AC and T”);以及 5-FU、表路賓 (epimbicin)與環磷醯胺(“FEC,,)。它某西芬(tam〇xifen)係在 10 此分期之較佳的荷爾蒙治療。 局部性晚期乳癌中,此時癌症僅擴散至鄰近的組織或 淋巴結,δ亥患者係先給予化學療法再作手術與放射線照 射,隨後輔助性荷爾蒙療法。任擇地,手術/放射線照射係 接著輔助性化學療法,之後輔助性荷爾蒙療法。IGF_1R抗 15 體可被與化療劑或荷爾蒙治療劑一起投予,不管其等是在 手術/放射線照射前或後使用。對於局部性晚期乳癌之典型 的化學療法方案包括FAC、AC、FEC以及多路賓加上多烯 紫杉醇(“AT”)。 轉移性乳癌係已自乳房起始處擴散至身體其他部位。 20 化學療法可選擇地可與荷爾蒙療法一起進行。目前第一線 荷爾蒙療法包括它莫西芬與阿那曲錯(anastrozole)。目前第 一線化學療法方案包括:FAC、TAC、多路賓加上多烯紫杉 醇、太平洋紫杉醇、卡西他汀(capecitabine)、長春瑞濱 (vinorelbine)及曲妥珠單抗(trastuzumab)。第二線化學療法 19 ③ 1309167 >台療包括:多烯紫杉醇單獨或與卡西他汀之組合。本發明 之方法係適用於第一線療法與第二線療法。 在美國’太平洋紫杉醇與卡鉑(carboplatin)之組合已被 接受作為無法開刀的第ΙΠΒ期(即,癌症已擴散至接近肺之 5 έ士士巷 7- 、'、°傅、至縱膈腔中之淋巴結或胸腔另一側或下頸部之淋巴 結)以及第IV期(即’癌症已擴散至身體的另一部份或至肺的 另一葉)非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)之第一線治療的標準照護。 但是’在第IV期為主的族群之患者進行狀態〇_丨有效性研 究’整體的反應率只有將近28%。在歐洲,NSCLC的第一 10線治療係吉西他汀(gemcitabine)與順鉑(cisplatin)。NSCLC 的其他治療方案包括:太平洋紫杉醇單獨或加上順鉑或吉 西他;T ’多烯紫杉醇單獨或加上順鉑或吉西他汀;長春瑞 讀單獨或加上吉西他汀;依立替康(irin〇tecan)單獨或加上 吉西他汀;培美曲唑(pemetrexed);以及吉非替尼(gefltinib)。 15 已知經由1GF-1R的訊息傳遞係細胞株的癌細胞生長力 (tumorgenicity)所需且已顯示降低化學療法的細胞毒殺 性,以及阻斷IGF-1R的活性增強現今療法的有效性且在動 物模式中防止腫瘤之惡化。因此期待一 IGF-1R的抑制劑, 如本發明之該專抗體,當被組合給予時會減少腫瘤細胞存 20 活且加強化學療法的療效。 當與細胞一起培養,完整的人類單株抗體,此等抗體 係對IGF-1引發的受器自體磷酸化作用有高度專一性且係 強力抑制劑,藉由受器内化(ί_Γ—οη)而引起IGF_ i R 向下調節作用。在ex vivo模式中使固態腫瘤中IGF_1R向下 20 1309167 調節之劑量(31.25-125 08)對應於抗體濃度8_4(^§/1111在第1 天以及2-20 pg/ml在第9天。腹膜内投予抗1(317_1尺抗體至帶 有腫瘤之無胸腺小鼠(該腫瘤係NIH-3T3細胞株經轉染 IGF-1R而過度表現之)產生一劑量依賴型之腫瘤生長抑制 5作用。該致使50%生長抑制作用之IGF-1R抗體血清濃度係 20 pg/ml在第1天,以及13 pg/ml在第9天。相似的抗腫瘤研 究係延伸至人類腫瘤異種移植(xenograft)模式。作為單獨藥 劑’抗IGF-1R抗體抑制一些異種移植模式之生長,包括: 乳癌、肺癌及大腸直腸癌。 10 抗1體與太平洋紫杉醇或卡鉑之組合已被測試 於H460及EBC-1人類NSCLC腫瘤異種移植模式。相較於各 單獨藥劑,抗IGF-1R抗體與這些藥劑之組合增加其等之腫 瘤生長抑制作用。 除非在此有不同定義,有關本發明中所使用的科學、 15技術及醫學上用語應具有本項技術領域中具有通常技藝者 所了解之意義。-般地,描述於此之細胞及組織培養、分 子生物學、免疫學、微生物學、遺傳學以及蛋白質與核酸 化學等技術相關術語係本項技藝巾·知且#遍地使用 者。 2〇 除非有不同指稱,以下的用語應被了解為具有以下意 義: 々-“抗體”指-完整的免疫球蛋白或—會與該完整抗體 競f特定結合之抗原結合部位。抗原結合部位可藉由重銀 DNA技術關㈣完整狀之料或化學购而被產生。 21 ⑧ 1309167 其中,抗原結合部位包括:Fab、Fab’、F(ab,;b、Fv、dAb 以及互補性決定區域(CDR)片段、單鏈抗體(scFv)、嵌合抗 體、二聚體(diabodies)以及含有一免疫球蛋白的至少一部份 之多肽,該部份係足以提供該多肽與抗原之專一性結合。 5 免疫球蛋白鏈具有一般性相同結構,相對地守恆的骨 架區(FR)藉由三個高度可變區而被聯合,該三個高度可變 區也稱為互補性決定區域或CDRs。來自各對中的兩條鍵之 該等CDRs係藉由骨架區被排準,而能夠結合至一特定抗原 決定基(epitope)。從N-端至C-端,氫鏈與重鏈皆包含以下組 10 域(domain): FIU、CDIU、FR2、CDR2、FR3、CDR3 及 FR4。 各組域之胺基酸的分配係依據下述之定義:Kabat, Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest (National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda,Md. (1987 and 1991)),或 Chothia & Lesk, J. Mol. Biol 196:901-917 (1987); Chothia 15 et al·, iWziMre 342:878-883 (1989)。
一“經單離的抗體”係一抗體其係:(1)未聯合有自然地 相關的組份,包括其他天然地相關的抗體,該天然地相關 的抗體在原始狀況下係相伴隨的;(2)不含有來自相同物種 之其他蛋白質;(3)由來自一不同物種之細胞所表現者;或 20 (4)非自然存在者。經單離的抗體之實例包括:一抗IGF-1R 抗體其係經使用IGF-1R作親和力純化之經單離的抗體、一 抗IGF-1R抗體其係由一融合瘤或其他細胞在體外合成,以 及一人類抗IGF-1R抗體其係來自一基因轉殖小鼠。 該“嵌合抗體”用語指一抗體其含有一或多個區域係來 22 1309167 自Lm多«域係、來自另—抗體…較佳的具 體例中,-或多個CDRs係取自一人類抗igf_ir抗體。一更 佳的具體财,所有的CDRs係取自_人類抗IGF]R抗體。 另-較佳的具體例中’該等來自—個以上的人類抗IGF_1R 5抗體之CDRS係被混合且套合於—嵌合抗體中。進一步地, 該等骨架區可取自該等相同的抗IGF_1R抗體之一者 '來自 -或多個不同的抗體(如:-人類抗體)或來自一擬人化抗 體。 該“抗原決定基”用與包括任何能特定結合至一免疫球 10蛋白或τ_細胞文态之蛋白質決定位。抗原性決定位通常由 分子之化學活性表面組群所構成,如:胺基酸或糖側鏈, 且通常具有特殊的二維結構上特性以及特殊帶電特性。一 抗體被稱為專一地結合至一抗原係當解離常數(dissociation constant) S 1 μΜ,較佳地 < 1〇〇 nM以及最佳地 < 1〇 nM。 15 當應用至多肽,該用語“實質上相同,,意指兩個胜肽序 列’當被最佳地排列,諸如藉由GAP或BESTFIT程式使用 内定間隙比重,該兩個胜肽序列共同有至少75%或80%的序 列相同性,較佳地至少90%或95%的序列相同性,甚至更佳 地至少98%或99%的序列相同性。較佳地,那些不相同的殘 20基位置係守恆性胺基酸取代。一“守恆性胺基酸取代”係一 胺基酸殘基係由另一具有相似化學性質(如:電性或疏水性) 的側鏈(R基)之殘基所取代。一般地,一守恆性胺基酸取代 不會實質地改變一蛋白質的功能性質。若當兩個或更多胺 基酸序列各別差異係守恆性取代,由於該取代的守恆性 23 1309167 質,該序列相同性百分比或相似程度可被向上調整。進& 此調整之手段係詳知於具有本項技藝者。參見,例如, Pearson, Μο/.识〇/. 24:307-31 (1994)。具有相似化 學性質的側鏈之胺基酸組群之實例包括:1)脂肪性側鍵: 5 甘胺酸、丙胺酸、纈胺酸、白胺酸及異白胺酸;2)脂肪性_ 羥基側鏈:絲胺酸及羥丁胺酸;3)含醯胺基側鏈:天門冬 醯胺酸及麩醯胺酸;4)芳基側鏈:笨丙胺酸、酪胺酸及色 胺酸;5)鹼性側鏈:離胺酸 '精胺酸及組胺酸;以及6)含炉 側鏈:半胱胺酸及曱硫胺酸。守恆性胺基酸取代組群包括. 10缔胺酸-白胺酸-異白胺酸、苯丙胺酸-酪胺酸、離胺酸_精胺 酸、丙胺酸-纈胺酸、麩胺酸-天門冬胺酸以及麵酿胺酸-天 門冬醯胺酸。 較佳的胺基酸取代係下述者:(1)減少蛋白質水解作用 15 20 感受性、(2)減少氧化作用感受性、(3)改變結合親和力供形 成蛋白質複合物(4)改變結合親和力以及(5)提供或修飾此 等類似物的其他物化或功能性質。此等類似物可包括多種 犬變的序列而不是該自然產生的胜肽序列。例如,、 ^ 旱獨或 夕重胺基酸取代(較佳地,守恆性胺基酸取代)可進行於1 然產生的序列中(較佳地,在該多肽形成分子間接觸的組1 之外)。一守恆性胺基酸取代應不實質地改變該母序列的結 構特性(例如,一胺基酸之置換不傾向破壞發生在母序 螺旋,或瓦解該母序列特有的其他類型二級結構)。 5亥片§吾組合涵蓋了治療時之個別組份同時、接芦 分開給藥。例如’該抗體可被每三天投予— 具或 -人,而該另外 24 1309167 的治療劑係被每天投予一次。在該另外的治療劑對該疾患
治療之前或後續,該抗體可被投予。相似地,該抗IGF_1R 抗體可在其他療法之前或後續被投予,該其他療法如:放 射療法、化學療法、光動力療法、外科手術或其他免疫療 5 法。 該片語“同步地,,及“同時地,,係可互換地使用且意指本 發明的組合式療法之化合物係被投予於(1)同一時間,或(2) 在一共同治療排程的過程間之不同時間點。該用語“接續 地”使用於此意指第一組份被投予後,隨後第二組份被投 10予。抗IGF-1R抗體可以是該第一組份或第二組份。一組份 被投予後,該第二組份可實質地在該第—組份之後馬上被 投予,或者該第二組份可在該第一組份之後一有效期間内 被才又予,該有效期間係該第一組份投予後到發揮最大效益 所需時間。 15 該用語“病患’’包括哺乳類。一較佳具體例中,該哺乳 類係人類。 該用語“治療(treating)”,使用於此,除非有不同指稱, 意指回復、舒缓、抑制所指之疾患或病況之惡化或此疾患 之一或更多症狀,或預防此等狀況。該用語“治療 20 (treatment)”,使用於此,除非有不同指稱’指上述療 (treating)”定義之治療動作。 人類抗體避免了某些相關於存有錢或大鼠可變及/ 或固定區域的抗體之問題。更佳的係完整的人類抗人類 IGF-1R抗體。完整的人類抗人類IGF_1R抗體被認為會使内 25 1309167 在對小鼠或來自小鼠的單株抗體(Mabs)之免疫性或過敏性 反應最小化,因此增加了該被投予的抗體之有效性與安全 性。完整的人類抗體之使用被預期可提供實質利益給慢性 與復發性人類疾病之治療,如發炎反應及癌症,其可能需 5 要重複的抗體投予。另一具體例中,本發明提供一不結合 補體之抗IGF-1R抗體。 本發明的另一態樣’該抗IGF-1R抗體以高親和力結合 至IGF-1R。一具體例中,該抗IGF-1R抗體結合至IGF-1R之
Kd為1χ1(Γ8Μ或更少。一更佳的具體例中,該抗體結合至 10 IGF-1R之Kd為1χ1〇_9Μ或更少。一甚至更佳的具體例中,該 抗體結合至IGF-1R之K^SxlO’M或更少。另一較佳的具 體例中’該抗體結合至IGF-1R之Kd為1χ1(Γ10Μ或更少。另 一較佳的具體例中,該抗體結合至IGF_1RiKd係實質上相 同於選自下列抗體:2.12.1、2.13.2、2.14.3、3.1.1、4.9.2、
15 4.17·3或6.1.1 °另一較佳的具體例中,該抗體結合至IGF-1R 之Kd係實質上相同於一抗體,該抗體包含一或多個cDRm^、 來自於選自下列之抗體:2.12.1、2.13.2、2.14·3、3.1.1、4.9.2、 4.17.3 或 6.1.1 〇 本發明亦採用一抗IGF-1R抗體其結合之抗原或抗原決 20定基係與一人頬抗IGF-1R抗體者相同。本發明也可採用一 抗IGF-1R抗體係與一人類抗IGF_1R抗體交叉競爭者。一較 佳具體例中’該人類抗IGF-1R抗體係2.12.:!、2.13.2、2.14.3、 3·1·1、4·9.2、4.17.3或6.1.1。另一較佳的具體例中,該人類 抗IGF-1R抗體包含一或多個CDRs係來自於選自下列之抗 26 1309167 體:2.12.卜 2.13.2、2.14.3、3.U、4 9 , 、4.17.3戈6 本發明也可使用一包含由一人類 胡κ暴因編碼之 列之抗IGF-1R抗體來實行。較佳具體例 雯序 τ,嗞4可變 更佳 係由VkA27、A30或012基因家族所編瑪。—較佳文斤列 中’該可變削列係由人類VKA30基因家族所編^的$體例 的具體例中’該輕鏈包含不多於十個胺基酸之 代生殖細 胞VkA27、A30或012 ’較佳的不多於六個胺基酸 <取代,
更佳的不多於三個胺基酸之取代。一較佳的具體例中.兮 胺基酸取代係守恆性取代。 10 一較佳的具體例中,該抗IGF-1R抗體的VL,相對於1 生殖細胞胺基酸序列,含有之胺基酸取代相同於抗體
2.12.1、2.13.2、2.14.3、3.1.1、4.9.2、4.17.3 或6.1.1 的 VL 之任一者或多者。 另一較佳的具體例中,該輕鏈包含一胺基酸序列係相 15 同於抗體2.12.卜 2.13.2、2.14.3、3.U、4.9.2、4_17.3或6.1.1
的VL之胺基酸序列。另一高度較佳的具體例中,該輕鏈包 含相同於抗體2.12.1、2.13.2、2.14.3、3.1.1、4.9.2、4.17.3 或6.1.1的VL之CDR區域之胺基酸序列。另一較佳的具體例 中,該輕鏈包含至少一胺基酸序列係來自於抗體2.12.1、 2〇 2.13.2、2.14.3、3.1.1、4.9.2、4.17.3 或6.1.1 的輕鏈之CDR 區域。 本發明也可使用一包含人類重鏈或一衍生自人類重鏈 序列之抗IGF-1R抗體或其部份來實行。一具體例中’該重 鏈胺基酸序列係衍生自一人類VhDP-35、DP-47、DP-70、 27 1309167 DP 71或VIV-4/4.35基因家族。一較佳的具體例中,該重鍵 胺基酸序列係衍生自一人類VH DP-47基因家族。一更佳具 體例中’該重鏈胺基酸序列係包含不多於八個胺基酸之改 麦自生殖細胞 VH DP-35、DP-47、DP-7〇、DP-71 或 5 VIV_4/4.35’較佳的不多於六個胺基酸之改變,更佳的不多 於三個胺基酸之改變。 一較佳的具體例中,該抗IGF-1R抗體的VH,相對於該 生殖細胞胺基酸序列,含有之胺基酸取代相同於抗體
2.12.1、2.13.2、2.14.3、3.1.1、4.9.2、4.17.3 或 0.1.1 的 VH 10 之任—者或多者。另一具體例中,該胺基酸取代之位置係 相同於發生於抗體2.12.1、2.13.2、2.14.3、3.1.1、4.9.2、4.17.3 或6.1 · 1的VH之任一者或多者的位置,但是守怪性的胺基酸 取代被進行而不是使用相同的胺基酸。 另一較佳的具體例中,該重鏈包含一胺基酸序列係相 15 同於抗體2.12.卜 2.13.2、2.14.3、3.1.1、4.9.2、4.17.3或6.1.1 的VH之胺基酸序列。另一高度較佳的具體例中,該重鏈包 含相同於抗體2.12.1、2.13.2、2.14.3、3_1.1、4.9.2、4.17.3 或6.1.1的VL之CDR區域之胺基酸序列。另一較佳的具體例 中,該重鏈包含來自不同重鏈的CDRs之胺基酸序列。一更 2〇 佳的具體例中,該等來自不同重鏈之CDRs係獲自抗體 2_12]、2.13.2、2.14.3、、4.9.2、4.17.3或6.1.1。 另一具體例中,本發明採用一抗IGF-1R抗體其抑制 IGF-1與IGF-1R之結合或IGF-2與IGF-1R之結合。一較佳的 具體例中,該IGF-1R係人類的。該另一較佳的具體例中’ 28 1309167 §亥抗IGF-1R抗體係—人類抗體。另一具體例中,該抗體或 其部份抑制IGF-1與IGF_1R間之結合的IC5〇不大於1〇〇 nM。一較佳具體例中,該不大於1〇nM。一更佳具體例 中’該ICm)不大於5 nM。該冗別可藉由任何習知技藝之方法 5被測量。典型地,―圯別係可由ELISA或RIA測量。一較佳 具體例中,該IC5〇係由RIA測量。
另一具體例中,本發明採用一抗IGF-1R抗體其防止 IGF-1R於IGF-1存在時之活化作用。本發明的另一態樣中, 該抗體促使一經該抗體處理的細胞之IGF_1R向下調節。_ 10較佳具體例中’該抗體係選自抗體2.12.;ι、2.13.2、2.14.3、 3·1·1、4·9·2、4.17.3或6.1.1,或包含該等抗體之重鏈、輕鍵 或抗原結合區域者D 人類抗體可藉由以一IGF_1R抗原來使一包含某些或所 有人類免疫球蛋白基因座的非人類動物起免疫反應而製 15造。一較佳具體例中,該非人類動物係一XENOMOUSETm, 其係一基因工程製造的小鼠品系,其包含大片段的人類免 疫球蛋白基因座且係缺乏小鼠抗體之製造。參見,如:Green et al. Nature Genetics 7:13-21 (1994)及美國專利第 5,916,771號、第 5,939,598號、第 5,985,615號、第 5,998,209 20 號、第 6,075,181號、第 6,091,001號、第 6,114,598 號及第 6,130,364號。亦參見,國際專利申請案w〇 91/10741公告於 1991年7月25日、WO 94/02602公告於1994年2月3日、WO 96/34096與WO/96/33735 皆公告於 1996年 10月 31 日、WO 98/16654公告於 1998年4月 23 日、WO 98/24893公告於 1998 29
(I 1309167 年6月11日、WO 98/50433公告於1998年11月12日、W〇 99/45031 公告於 1999年9月 10 日、WO 99/53049公告於 1999 年10月21日、WO 00/09560公告於2000年2月24日、W〇 00/037504公告於2000年6月 29 日。該XENOMOUSEtm製造 5 一似成人的全人類抗體庫,且產生抗原專一性的人類單株 抗體。第二代的XENOMOUSE™其透過導入百萬鹼基大小 的含人類重鏈基座與κ輕鏈基座之生殖母細胞建構物γ A c 片段,而含有近80%的人類抗體庫。參見Mendez et al. iVaiwre 15:146-156 (1997)、Green及Jakobovits J. 10 Exp. Μβί/. 188:483-495 (1998)。 該IGF-1R抗原可被與佐劑一起投予以刺激免疫反應。 此等佐劑包括完全或不完全Freund’s佐劑、RIBI (胞壁酸二 肽)或ISCOM (免疫刺激性複合物)。此類佐劑藉由將該多肽 含納在一區域沉積處而可保護該多肽不被快速分散,或者 15 其等可含有物質會促使宿主分泌巨噬細胞及免疫系統其他 組份的化學趨性因子。 該編碼輕鏈可變區的核酸分子可衍生自該A30、A27或 012Vk基因。一較佳的具體例中,該輕鏈係衍生自a30Vk 基因。一甚至更佳的具體例中,該編碼輕鏈可變區的核酸 20 分子含有不多於十個胺基酸之改變自該生殖細胞A30 Vk 基因,較佳的不多於六個胺基酸之改變,更佳的不多於三 個胺基酸之改變。 一具體例中,相較於該抗IGF-1R抗體突變之前,該突 變的抗IGF-1R抗體含有不大於十個胺基酸之改變於VH或 30 (S) 1309167 VL區域。一較佳的具體例中,該突變的抗IGF-1R抗體含有 不大於五個胺基酸之改變於VH或VL區域,更佳的不多於三 個胺基酸之改變。另一較佳的具體例中,固定區域有不大 於十五個胺基酸之改變,較佳的不大於十個胺基酸之改 5 變,甚至更佳的不大於五個胺基酸之改變。 序列辨識編號:2、6、10、14、18及22提供六個抗IGF-1R κ輕鏈的可變區之胺基酸序列。序列辨識編號:4、8、12、 16、20及24提供六個抗IGF-1R重鏈的可變區之胺基酸序 列。序列辨識編號:26描繪該IGF-1R抗體2.12.1、2,13.2、 10 2.14.3、3.1.1、4·9·2、4.17.3及6.1.1的輕鏈固定區之胺基酸 序列,以及序列辨識編號:25描繪編碼其之核酸序列。序 列辨識編號:28描繪該IGF-1R抗體2.12.1、2.13.2、2.14.3、 3.U、4·9.2、4·17_3及6.1.1的重鏈固定區之胺基酸序列,以 及序列辨識編號:27描繪編碼其之核酸序列。序列辨識、編 15 號:30、32、34、36及44分別地提供該生殖細胞重鏈DP-35、 DP-47、DP-70、DP-71及VIV-4的胺基酸序列。序列辨識編 號:33提供該生殖細胞重鏈DP-70的核酸序列。序列辨識編 號:38、40及42提供三個生殖細胞κ輕鏈的胺基酸序列, 該六個抗IGF-1R κ輕鏈係衍生自此。 20 該抗IGF-1R抗體可被納入一適用以投予至—個體之藥 學組成物中。典型地,該藥學組成物包含一抗體以及―藥 學上可接受的載劑。使用於此,“藥學上可接受的載劑,,包 括任何所有的溶劑、分散劑基質、塗覆物、抗細菌與抗真 菌劑、等張性與延緩吸收劑,以及相似的生理上相容物 31 1309167 藥學上可接受的載劑之實例,包括:水、食鹽水、鱗酸鹽 緩衝液、葡萄糖、甘油、乙醇以及相似者,及其等之組合。 許多狀況中,含括等張劑於該組成物中係較佳的,該等張 劑諸如:糖、多元醇(如,甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇)或氯化鈉。 5 少量的輔助物質可被含納,諸如:濕潤或乳化劑、保存劑 或緩衝劑,其等會加強該抗體或抗體部份的保存時間或效 力。 該等藥學組成物可以為各種形式。這些形式包括,例 如,液體、半固態以及固態劑型,諸如:液體溶液(如,注 10 射式或輸入式溶液)、分散液或懸浮液、錠片、藥丸、藥粉、 脂質體及栓劑。該較佳的劑型係取決於所欲的投予及治療 施用模式。典型的較佳組成物係注射式或輸入式溶液,諸 如相似於供用於人類被動免疫作用之含其他抗體的組成 物。一較佳的投予模式係非經口的(如:靜脈、皮下、腹腔、 15 肌肉内或輸入投予)。一較佳的具體例中,該抗體係藉由靜 脈注射或輸入投予。另一較佳的具體例中,該抗體係藉由 肌肉内或皮下注射投予。如本項技藝人士所認知者,該投 予路徑及/或模式係依所欲的結果而異。 治療性組成物典型地在製造及儲存時必須是無菌的且 20 穩定的。該組成物可被配方成一溶液、微乳狀液、分散液、 脂質體或其他適合高藥物濃度之有序的結構。無菌的注射 式溶液可被製備,其將一所需量的抗IGF-1R抗體納入於一 合適的溶劑,所需的,與上述一成份或其組合,隨後無菌 過濾。一般地,分散液係藉由將該活性化合物納入一無菌 32 1309167 的含有基本分散基質之載劑以及上述所需的其他成, 製備。在供用於製備無菌注射式溶液之盔^ 乃 〜…、囷粉末的例子 中,該較佳的製備方法係真空乾燥及冷;東乾燥, 先前經無菌過濾的溶液中之活性成份與任何附力^斤兩成产 之粉末。一溶液的適切流體性可被維持,例如,藉:刀 如卵構脂之塗覆物,分散液中藉由維捭 守听而的顆粒大小, 以及藉由使用界面活性劑。注射式組成物之延長吸收可藉
10 15
20 由將一延緩吸收劑(例如’單硬脂酸鹽類及明膠)納入該組^ 物中而實行。 某些具體例中,該活性化合物可被與—會保護該化合 物對抗快速釋放之載劑-起製借,諸如—控制釋放的配 方’包括:植人物、穿皮貼布及微膠囊化的傳遞系統。生 物可降解的、生物相容的聚合物可被使用,諸如:乙稀-萨 酸乙烯、聚酸酐、聚甘醇酸、膠原蛋白、聚原酸: (polyorthoesters)以及聚乳酸。許多用以製備此等配方之方 法係獲准專利的或一般地為熟習本項技藝者所知。參見, 如:持續且受控式藥物傳遞系統,J. R. RQbins(m5 ed 5 Marcd Dekker,Inc” New York, 1978。 該藥學組成物可包括一“治療上有效量,,或一“預防上 有效量”的本發明抗體或抗體部份。一“治療上有效量,,指— 於劑型與所需期間上係有效以達成所欲治療結果之量。一 療上有效量”的抗體或抗體部份可依據下列因素而異: 個體的疾病狀態、年齡及體重,以及該抗體或抗 體部份促使《巾-麟反應m療上有效量也 33 1309167 是表示該治療效益係勝過該抗體或抗體部份之任何毒性或 有害的作用。一“預防上有效量,,指於劑型與所需期間上係 有效以達成所欲預防結果之量。典型地,因為—預防性劑 量係使用於個體有疾病前或疾病早期,該治療上有效量將 5 會少於治療上有效量。 給藥—方案可被調整以提供最佳的所欲反應。例如,單 、藥丸可被投予、數個分開的劑量可在—段時間内被投予 或該劑量可因該治療狀況迫切性被依比例地減少或增加。 包含該抗體或包含有該抗體及一或多個附加治療劑之組合 1〇療法之藥學、组成物可被配方成用於單一或多個劑量。特別 有利的是,配方成非經口的組成物於劑量單位型式以供容 易地投予及劑量一致性。劑量單位型式於此係用以指物理 上分離的單位而適於作為受治療的哺乳類個體之單位性劑 里,各單位含有一預定量的經計算供產生所欲治療效果之 15 /舌性化合物以及相關的所需藥學載劑。本發明的劑量單位 型式之說明書指示係取決於該活性化合物獨特的特性及 所欲達成的特定治療或預防效果,以及(b)習知技藝中調配 此活性化合物用於治療個體的敏感性之固有限制。一特別 有用的配方係5 mg/ml抗IGF-1R抗體於一有20 mM檸檬酸 2〇納、pH 5.5、140 mM NaCl及0.2 mg/ml聚山梨糖醇酯80的緩 衝液中。 该抗體’具有或沒有一附加藥劑,至少在該狀況係被 治療、減輕或治癒的期間可被投予一次或多於一次。該抗 體—般地只要腫瘤存在就會被投予,前提是該抗體使該腫
34 1309167 $或癌停止生钱減低其重4或_。該抗體—般地將如 月IJ述作為-藥學組成物的一部分被投予。該抗體劑量一般 地在0.025-100 mg/kg範圍内,較佳地〇 〇5 5〇 mg/kg,更佳 地0.05-20 mg/kg,以及甚至更佳地〇丨_丨〇 mg/kg。須注意的 5是劑里值可依預備減輕的狀況之類型或嚴重度而異。進一 步被了解的是,對於任何特定個體,特定的給藥方案在整 個期間内應依據該個體所需及給予或建議該組成物之投藥 的人之專業判斷來調整,於此所載述之劑量範圍係例示性 且不欲限制該請求的組成物之範圍或實施。 10 該抗體被投予可以是每天三次至每六個月一次。該投 予可以依照以下時程:每天三次、每天二次、每天一次、 每兩天一次、每三天一次、每週一次、每兩週一次、每個 月一次、每兩個月一次、每三個月一次、每六個月一次。 該抗體可被經由口、黏膜、頰内、鼻内、吸入、靜脈内、 15皮下、肌肉内、非經口的、腫瘤内或局部路徑被投予。 該抗體可被投予在一遠離該腫瘤處的位置。該抗體也 可經由一微幫浦被連續地投予。 某些具體例中’該抗體可以氣霧或可吸入型式被投 予。乾燥的氣霧其為被細緻地分離之固體顆粒且未溶解或 20 懸浮於一液體中的形式,也有用於實施本發明。本發明的 藥學配方可被以一氣霧喷劑的形式投予,例如使用描述於 下述之噴霧器:美國專利第4,624,251號、第3,703,173號、 第3,561,444號及第4,635,627號。該抗體的血清濃度可藉由 任何習知技藝已知的方法被測量。該抗體也可被預防性地 35 1309167 投予以防止癌症或腫瘤發生。此可能是特別有用於具有“高 正常,IGF-1位準的患者,因為這些患者已被顯示具有更高 的發生普遍癌症的危險性。參見前述R0senetal.。 被採用於本發明方法之抗體可被標記。此可藉由納入 5 一可偵測的標誌而完成,如,納入一經輻射標記的胺基酸 或附接一有生物素基團的多肽,該生物素基團可藉由一麫 標記的抗生物素(如:有一螢光標誌或酵素活性的鏈黴抗生 物素,可藉由光學或比色方法被偵測)。某些狀況中,該枳 記或標誌也可以是治療性的。多種標記多肽以及糖蛋白的 10方法係習知技藝已知且可被使用。用於多肽的標記物之實 例包括,但不限於:輻射標記物(如:3H、14C、!5N、35§、 90Y、99Tc、ulIn、5、丨31I}、螢光標記物(如:FITC、玫瑰 紅(rhodamine)、鑭榮光體(ianthanide phosphors))、酵素性標 記(如:山葵過氧化酶、β_半乳糖酶、蟲螢光酵素、鹼性去 15磷酸酶)、化學螢光、生物素基團、被一二級呈報者所辨認 之預定的多肽抗原決定位(白胺酸拉鍊配對序列、二級抗體 的結合處、金屬結合組域、抗原決定位標籤)。某些具體例 中,標記物係藉由各種長度的分隔臂來附接用以減少可能 的空間阻礙。 20 該等採用於本發明中的抗體較佳地係衍生自表現人類 免疫球蛋白基因的細胞。使用基因轉殖小鼠來製造此等“人 類”抗體係習知技藝已知。該方法之一者係描述於美國專利 申請案第08/759,620號,1996年12月3日申請。亦參見 Mendez et al.施iwre 15:146-156 (1997);Green及 1309167
Jakobovits J.办;?. M^/· 188:483-495(1998);歐洲專利案: EP 0463 151 (核准公告於1996年6月);以及國際專利申請案 WO 94/02602,公開於1994年2月 3 日;WO 96/34096,公開 於1996年10月31日;以及WO 98/24893,公開於1998年6月 5 11 日。 如上所提及,本發明涵蓋抗體片段之使用。抗體片段, 諸如:Fv、F(ab’)2以及Fab可藉由切解完整的蛋白質來製 備,如,藉由蛋白質分解酶或化學切解。任擇地,一係截 短基因係被設計。例如,一編碼該!7(讣,)2片段的嵌合基因 10可包括數個編碼Η鏈之CH1組域及柩鈕區域(hinge region) 的DNA序列,接著一轉譯停止密碼而產生該截短分子。 一方案中,編碼該重鏈與輕鏈j區域之一致性序列可被 使用來設計寡核苷酸,供用作為引子來將有用的限制酶區 位導入該J區域,而用於後續將v區域區段連結至人類c區域 15區段。c區域cDNA可藉由定點突變而被修飾以置放一限制 酶區位在該人類序列的類似位置。 供用以獲取本發明使用的抗體之表現載體包括:質 體、反轉錄病毒、黏接質體(cosmids)、YACs、自EBV街生 的基因附體(episomes),以及相似者。一便利的載體通常係 20編碼一功能上完整的人類或CL免疫球蛋白序列,且經基 因工程納入適當的限制酶區位,使得任何VH*¥1^序列可被 容易地插入及表現。此等載體中,剪接(splicing)通常發生 在該經插入的J區域中之剪接供體(d〇n〇r)區位以及在該人 類c區域如的男接受體(acceptor)之間,且亦發生在該位於 37 1309167 人類CH表現子内的剪接區域。聚腺嘌呤化及轉譯終點發生 在原始染色體區位之編碼區域下游。該產生的嵌合抗體可 被連接至任何強的起動子(pr〇inoter),包括:反轉錄酶的 LTRs,如’ SV_40早期起動子(Okayama et al. Mo/. Ce//·及·〇· 5 3:280(1983)),勞氏肉瘤病.LTR (G〇〇nan et al.外 dead 79:6777(1982)),以及莫洛尼氏老鼠白血病病毒 LTR(Grosschedl et al. Cell 41:885 (1985));原始的Ig起動子。 被生產來用於本發明之抗體不需一開始就持有一特定 所欲的同型(isotype)。而是,該等抗體在生產時可以是任何 10同型以及之後可使用傳統技術作同型轉換。這些包括直接 重組技術(參見’如美國專利第4,816,397號),以及細胞-細 胞融合技術(參見,如美國專利第5,916,771號)。 如上所提及,本發明的抗體之作用功能(effector function)可被改變,藉由同型抗體轉換至IgGl、IgG2、 15 IgG3、IgG4、IgD、IgA、IgE或IgM而用於多種治療用途。 並且,可避免依賴補體之細胞殺害,例如,經由使用雙專 一性、免疫毒素或輻射標記。 雙專一性抗體可被產生,雙專一性抗體包含:(i)兩個 抗體:一者對IGF-1R有專一性以及另一者對另一分子有專 20 一性(ii)單一抗體其具有一鏈對IGF-1R有專一性以及另第 二鏈對另一分子有專一性’或(出)一單鏈抗體其對IGF-1R 與其他分子有專一性。此等雙專一性抗體可使用習知技術 來製造,如:Franger et al. 4:72-81 (1994);
Wright 及 Harris如前;及Traunrcker et al. /«i. J. Cancer
(D 38 1309167 (Suppl.) 7:51-52(1992) ° 用於本發明之抗體也包括:“卡帕體(kappabodies)”(III 10:949-57 (1997)),‘‘迷你體(minibodies)” (Martin et al. ΕΜδΟ/· 13:5303-9(1994)),二聚體(diabodies) (Holliger et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 90:6444-6448 (1993)),以及“結新(janusins)”(Traunecker et al. J. 10:3655-3659 (1991)及Traunecker et al. /ni. J. Cancer Swp;?/. 7:51-52 (1992))也可被製備。
所採用的該等抗體可藉由傳統技術被修飾來作用如免 疫毒素。參見,如Vitetta/wmw/io/· Jbi/aj; 14:252 (1993)。亦 參見,美國專利第5,194,594號。輻射標記的抗體也可使用 已知技術被製備。參見,如Junghans et al. Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy 655-686 (2nd edition, Chafner and Lomgo, eds.,Lippinocott Raven (1996))。亦參見,美國 15 專利第 4,681,581號、第 4,735,210號、第 5,101,827號、第 5,102,990號(Re. 25,500)、第 5,648,471 號及第 5,697,902號。 有用於實施本發明的特定抗體包括那些描述於國際專 利申請案WO 02/053596者,其進一步描述抗體2.12.1、 2.13.2'2.14.3、3.1·1、4.9.2及4.17.3。誠如揭露於該公開的 20申請案,產生這些抗體的融合瘤係寄存在美國菌種中心 (ATCC) 5 10801 University Boulevard, Manassas, VA 20110-2209,於2000年12月12日,寄存編號如下: 融合瘤 寄存編號 2.12.1 PTA-2792 39 1309167 2.13.2 PTA-2788 2.14.3 PTA-2790 3.1.1 PTA-2791 4.9.2 PTA-2789 4.17.3 PTA-2793 這些抗體係完整的人類IgG2或IgG4重鏈具有人類κ輕 鏈。本發明特定地關於具有這些抗體胺基酸序列之抗體之 使用。 # 採用於本發明的抗體較佳地有非常高的親和力,典型 10 地具有Kds為約1〇_9至l(ruM ’當測量於固相或溶液相。 使用於本發明之抗體可被表現於非融合瘤細胞之細胞 株。編碼該等特定抗體的cDNAs序列或基因選殖株可被用 於轉型適合的哺乳類或非哺乳類宿主細胞。轉型作用可以 是任何習知將多核苷酸導入一宿主細胞的方法,包括,例 15如將該多核苷酸包裝入一病毒(或一病毒載體)以及將該病 ^ 毒(或一病毒載體)轉導入一宿主細胞’或藉由習知轉染方 法,如例示於美國專利第4,399,216號、第4,912,040號、第 4,740,461號及第4,459,455號。用以將異源性多核苷酸導入 一哺乳類細胞之方法係習知技藝所詳知,包括,但不限於: 20葡萄糖聚糖介導的轉染、磷酸鈣沉澱、聚凝胺介導的轉染、 原生質體融合、電穿孔法、粒子轟擊法、封包多核苷酸於 脂質體、胜肽接合物、樹枝狀聚合物以及將DNA直接微注 射入核中。 可取得作為宿主供表現用之哺乳類細胞株係習知技藝 1309167 所詳知,包括許多可取自美國菌種中心(ATCC)之不死化的 細胞株,包括,但不限於:中國倉鼠卵巢(CHO)細胞、NSO〇、 Hela細胞、幼倉鼠腎細胞(BHK)細胞、猴腎細胞(COS)以及 人類肝細胞癌細胞(如:Hep G2)。非哺乳類細胞也可被採 5 用,包括:細菌、酵母菌、昆蟲及植物細胞。該抗體CH2 組域的定位突變來減少糖化作用係較佳的,其可防止非人 類細胞糖化作用所導致之免疫原性、藥物動力性及/或作用 功能的改變。麩醯胺酸合成酶之表現系統係討論於歐洲專 利第〇216846號、第0256055號、第0323997號以及歐洲專利 10 申請案第89303964.4號的全部或相關部份。 使用於本發明之抗體也可被基因轉殖式地製造,經由 一轉殖有感興趣的免疫球蛋白重鍵及輕鍵序列之哺乳類或 植物,自此該抗體係以可回收的形式被製造。基因轉殖式 抗體可被製造,且回收自山羊、牛或其他哺乳類的乳。參 15 見,如美國專利第5,827,690號、第5,756,687號、第5,750,172 號及第5,741,957號。 本發明的優點可參照隨後的實例進一步被瞭解。這些 實例欲例示本發明的較佳具體例以及不欲限制申請專利範 圍的有效範圍。 20 實例I : 抗IGF-1R抗體與多烯紫杉醇(docetaxel)之組合供治療晚期 非血液性惡性腫瘤 晚期非血液性惡性腫瘤病患(可測量的疾病係由下述 狀況所定義:至少一損害處其係可被精確地量得,該損害 41 1309167
處以傳統電腦斷層(CT)掃描係2 2 cm χ 1 cm或以職CT 掃描係2 1 cm x 1 cm),只在各循環的第1天經由靜脈(IV) 輸入1小時接欠一標準劑量多烯紫杉醇(tax〇tere)(達到 75 mg/m2,使用實際體重來計算身體表面積(bsa))。該多 5烯务杉醇輸入九成之後,如描述於此之抗IGF-1R抗體以5 mg/ml液體配方經靜脈注入投予,劑量係〇1瓜§/]^至1〇 mg/kg之間。該治療方案在21天後被重複,使用漸增的該抗 IGF-1R抗體的’,且此後每21天重複直到疾病惡化或不 可接受的毒性發展,最少2循環及最多17循環。該多烯紫杉 10醇的預給藥方案包括在多烯紫杉醇投予之前一天,開始口 服8 mg地塞米松(dexamethasone)每天二次共三天。預防性 的止吐劑可被適當提供。 劑量漸增使用一加速滴定設計,利用了劑量倍增流程 且每劑量位準(世代)有3-6個受試者。在各個新世代中,受 15試者之間不需等待期間。直到該目前劑量位準的第一受試 者被觀察21天以及後續受試者已經被觀察14天,後續世代 才會開始。 下列終點值係被測量:安全性、耐受性、抗IGF-1R抗 體的藥物動力學(PK)參數、人類抗人類抗體反應(HAHA)、 20反應率以及惡化時間、循環之腫瘤細胞(CTC)及循環之可溶 IGF-1R的數目。 實例II : 抗IGF-1R抗體與太平洋紫杉醇(paciitaxel)及卡在白 (carboplatin)之組合供治療晚期非小細胞肺癌 42 1309167 此研究的第1部份,第ΙΠΒ期或IV期或復發(手術/放射 線照射之後)、可量得的非小細胞肺癌(NSLC)患者,其未祕 接受化學療法在此接受一標準劑量的太平洋紫杉醇 (TAXOL),200 mg/m2由IV輸入3小時。在接受太平洋紫和 5 醇之前,所有患者接受預防性的抗過敏/止吐藥劑。卡雀白 (PARAPLATIN)係精由IV輸入被投予15-30分鐘;該劑量传 基於Cal vert公式來計异在曲線下目標面積為6 rng/ml。該卡 鉑輸入完成後,如描述於此之抗IGF-1R抗體以5 mg/ml液體 配方經靜脈注入投予,劑量係0.05mg/kg至10mg/kg之間。 10該治療方案在21天後被重複,使用漸增的該抗igf-IR抗體 的劑量’且此後每21天重複直到疾病惡化或不可接受的毒 性發展,最少1循環及最多6循環。 劑量漸增使用一加速滴定設計,利用了劑量倍增流程 且每劑量位準(世代)有3-6個受試者。在各個新世代中,受 15 试者之間不需等待期間。直到該目前劑量位準的第·一受試 者被觀察21天以及後續受試者已經被觀察14天,後續世代 才會開始。 當至少六位病患已被觀察21天(即,完成一循環),該研 究的隨機性第二部份會開始。 20 此研究的第2部份係一雙臂隨機性、非比較性研究,關 於抗IGF-1R抗體與太平洋紫杉醇及卡鉑之組合(臂A)以及 僅有太平洋紫杉醇及卡鉑(臂B)。在第2部份的第1天,雙臂 中的病患都被給予相同劑量的太平洋紫杉醇及卡鉑,於相 同的時間期,就如該第1部份。卡鉑投予之後,臂A的病患
43 1309167 也被給予如同該第1部份所給予之抗1GF-1尺抗體劑量。該劑 量係基於第1部份所展現的安全性及耐受性而決定。在21天 後該治療係被重複,且此後每21天重複直到惡化或不可接 受的毒性發生,最少2循環及最多6循環。 5 下列終點值係被測量:抗IGF- 1R抗體的PK參數、 HAHA、反應率以及惡化時間、CTC、循環之IGF-1、 IGFBPs,以及循環之可溶IGF-1R。 實例III : 抗IGF-1R抗體與多烯紫杉醇(docetaxel)及表路賓(epirubicin) 10 之組合供治療轉移性乳癌 轉移性乳癌病患其具有至少一損害處係在二維上可被 精確地量得’該損害處以傳統電腦斷層(CT)掃描係2 2 cm x 1 cm或以螺旋CT掃描係> 1 cm X 1 cm,該病患係被單次 輪入15分鐘給予表路賓75 mg/m2。間隔一小時後’以單次 15 IV輪入投予多烯紫杉醇(TAX0TERE) 75 mg/m2,隨後如描 此於此之抗IGF-1R抗體以介於〇.〇5 mg/kg至10 mg/kg之間 的劑量經IV輪入投予。預防性的止吐劑可被適當提供。在 21天後該治療係被重複,漸增該抗IGF_1R抗體的劑量,且 此後每21天重複直到疾病惡化或不可接受的毒性發展,最 2〇少2循環及最多6循環。 劑量漸增使用一加速滴定設計,利用了劑量倍增流程 且每劑量位準(世代)有3_6個受試者。在各個新世代中,受 4者之’料待期間。直到該目前劑量位準的第一受試 者被觀察21天以及後續受試者已經被觀察14天,後續世代 44 1309167 才會開始。 下列終點值係被測量:PK參數、HAHA、反應率以及 惡化時間。惡化時間及整體存活係被計算,採用 Kaplan-Meier乘積極限法(—·Μ· Hmiting 5 method) ° 實例IV : 抗IGF-1R抗體與多烯紫杉醇(d〇cetaxd)及潑尼松 (prednisone)之組合供治療荷爾蒙頑抗型前列腺癌 受試者係前列腺轉移性腺癌的病患,其在至少一荷爾 10菜治療(睪丸切除術、雌性素、LHRH療法等等)後,有睪固 酮位準低於50 ng/dL、前列腺專一性抗原(pSA)高於2〇 ng/mL以及在3次相隔至少丨週成功的測試中,相較於荷爾蒙 療法中之最低值(nadir),有一次psa增加大於50%。該多烯 紫杉醇的預給藥方案包括在多烯紫杉醇投予之前一天,開 15始口服8 mg地塞米松(dexamethasone)每天二次共三天。只 在各循環的第1天經由IV輸入1小時接受75 mg/m2劑量多烯 紫杉醇(TAXOTERE)(使用實際體重來計算身體表面積 (BSA))。該多稀紫杉醇輸入完成之後,如描述於此之抗 IGF-1R抗體以5 mg/ml液體配方經靜脈注入投予。自第1天 20 開始,潑尼松(prednisone)每天被給予兩次口服5 mg劑量。 預防性的止吐劑可被適當給予。該治療方案每21天(±3天) 被重複,直到疾病惡化或不可接受的毒性發展,最多10循 % ° 下列終點值係被測量:PSA反應、族群之抗IGF-1R抗 45 ⑧
Claims (1)
- 94124112號專利申請案申請專利範圍修正本97年1〇 公 二本 广 -一·~——(十、申請專利範圍: 97¾).¾ 70修正本 1. -種使用-專-地結合至iGF_1R^體來製造Γ^」於 治療一病患肺癌之藥物的用途,其中該抗體是和一治療 有效量的一紫杉醇(taxane)以及一治療有效量的卡鉑 5 (carb〇Platin)組合投藥,其中該抗體係選自於由2.12.1、 2·13·2、2.14.3、4·9·2、4.17.3及6.1.1 所構成之群組,且 其中該抗體係以約10至20 mg/kg及在每二週一次和每 月一次之間的劑量頻率投藥。 2.如申請專利範圍第1項之用途,其中該紫杉醇係太平洋 10 紫杉醇(paclitaxel)。 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之用途,其中該抗體係2.13.2。 4. 一種用於治療肺癌之藥學組成物,該藥學組成物包含: 一治療有效量的抗體,該抗體係專一地結合 IGF-1R ; 15一治療有效量的紫杉醇; 一治療有效量的卡鉑;以及 一藥學上可接受的載劑。 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之藥學組成物,其中該紫杉醇係 太平洋紫杉醇(paclitaxel)。 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之藥學組成物,其中該抗體係 2.13.2。 20
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| CA2473039C (fr) | 2002-01-18 | 2014-09-23 | Pierre Fabre Medicament | Nouveaux anticorps anti-igf-ir et leurs applications |
| ATE444972T1 (de) | 2002-04-30 | 2009-10-15 | Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co Ltd | ANTIKÖRPER GEGEN DEN HUMANEN ßINSULIN-LIKEß WACHSTUMSFAKTOR |
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| BRPI0408317A (pt) * | 2003-03-14 | 2006-03-07 | Pharmacia Corp | anticorpos do receptor de igf-i para o tratamento de cáncer |
| ATE549359T1 (de) * | 2003-04-02 | 2012-03-15 | Hoffmann La Roche | Antikörper gegen den insulinähnlichen wachstumsfaktor i-rezeptor und deren verwendungen |
| WO2005016970A2 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2005-02-24 | Imclone Systems Incorporated | Fully human antibodies directed against the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor |
| US7579157B2 (en) | 2003-07-10 | 2009-08-25 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Antibody selection method against IGF-IR |
| CN1835975B (zh) * | 2003-08-13 | 2012-11-21 | 辉瑞产品公司 | 经修饰的人类igf-1r抗体 |
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