JP2014005295A - アミロイド−β(1−42)−オリゴマー又はその誘導体を含有する調製物、その製法及びその使用 - Google Patents
アミロイド−β(1−42)−オリゴマー又はその誘導体を含有する調製物、その製法及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマーが、SDS−ゲル電気泳動における見かけの分子量約38kDa及び/又は48kDaを有し、その際、アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマーの割合が、調製物中においてアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質の全量の少なくとも60質量%である、アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマー又は標的化、不動化及び/又は架橋結合アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマーの誘導体を含む調製物により解決された。
【選択図】なし
Description
i)本発明によるオリゴマーを細胞構造に作用させ、かつ
ii)本発明によるオリゴマーが細胞構造に結合するかどうかを測定する。
i)本発明によるオリゴマーを細胞に作用させ、かつ
ii)細胞の状態が変化するかどうかを測定する。
R−X
[式中、
基Rは、6〜20、有利に10〜14個の炭素原子を有する場合により分枝鎖のアルキル又は6〜20、有利に10〜14個の炭素原子を有する場合により分枝鎖のアルケニルを表わし、
基Xは、酸性基又はその塩を表わし、この際、Xは、有利に、−COO−M+、−SO3 −M+及び特に−OSO3 −M+から選択され、M+は、水素陽イオン又は有利にアルカリ金属−及びアルカリ土類金属陽イオン及びアンモニウム陽イオンから選択される無機又は有機陽イオンを表わす]。
i)宿主を少なくとも1種の本発明によるオリゴマー、その誘導体又は組成物で免疫化させ、かつ
ii)免疫化への応答として生成した宿主の抗体−含有血清を取得する。
哺乳動物の免疫系の一部は、全体として無数の様々な抗体特異性から構成される抗体−レパートリーを有するB−リンパ球である。一定の抗原に対する通常の免疫応答は、このレパートリーからの抗原を特異的に結合する1種以上の抗体の選別を意味し、免疫応答の結果は、刺激抗原を特異的に認識し(かつ最終的には排除する)かつ、この際、抗体の周囲から他の分子を無視するというこの抗体の能力に、少なくとも部分的に基づいている。
生体内で生じた抗体を生産する細胞から、モノクローナル抗体を、標準された技術、例えば、Kohler 及びMilstein (1975, Nature 256: 495-497 )(同様に、Brown et al. (1981) J. Immunol 127: 539-46; Brown et al. (1980) J Biol Chem 255: 4980-83; Yeh et al. (1976) PNAS 76: 2927-31; 及びYeh et al. (1982) Int. J. Cancer 29: 269-75 参照)によって本来記載されたハイブリドーマ技術によって製造することができる。モノクローナル抗体ハイブリドーマの生産技術は十分に公知である(一般に、R. H. Kenneth, in Monoclonal Antibodies: A New Dimension In Biological Analyses, Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, New York (1980); E. A. Lerner (1981) Yale J. Biol. Med. 54: 387-402; M. L. Gefter et al. (1977) Somatic Cell Genet., 3: 231-36 参照)。要するに、不死化細胞系(典型的には、骨髄腫)を、本発明によるオリゴマー又はその誘導体で免疫化した哺乳動物のリンパ球(典型的には、脾細胞又はリンパ節細胞又は末梢血液リンパ球)と融合させ、生じるハイブリドーマ細胞の培養上澄液をスクリーニングし、本発明によるオリゴマー又はその誘導体の特異性を有するモノクローナル抗体を生産するハイブリドーマを同定する。そのために、多数の周知されているプロトコルの任意の1つを、リンパ球及び不死化細胞系の融合のために使用することができる(同様に、G. Galfre et al. (1977) Nature 266: 550-52; Gefter et al. Somatic Cell Genet., cited supra; Lerner, Yale J. Biol. Med. , cited supra; Kenneth, Monoclonal Antibodies, cited supra参照)。更に、同様に使用可能である方法の様々な変法が当業者に公知である。典型的には、不死化細胞系(例えば、骨髄腫細胞系)は、同一哺乳動物種、例えば、リンパ球から由来する。例えば、本発明による免疫原調製物で免疫化されたマウスからのリンパ球を不死化マウス細胞系と融合させることによって、マウスハイブリドーマを確立することができる。有利な不死化細胞系は、ハイポキサンチン、アミノプテリン及びチミジンを含有する培地(HAT−培地)に感受性のあるマウス−骨髄腫細胞系である。多数の骨髄腫細胞系の任意の1つ、例えば、P3−NS1/1−Ag4−1−、P3−x63−Ag8.653−又はSp2/O−Ag14−骨髄腫系(Myelomlinie)を融合相手として標準的に使用することができる。この骨髄腫細胞系は、アメリカンタイプカルチャーコレクション(American Type Culture Collection) (ATCC), ロックビル(Rockville, MD) から得られる。典型的には、HAT−感受性マウス−骨髄腫細胞を、マウス−脾細胞と、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)の使用下に融合させる。融合から得られるハイブリドーマ細胞を、次いで、HAT−培地の使用下に選別し、それによって、非融合化及び非生産的融合化骨髄腫細胞を死滅させる(非融合化脾細胞は、形質転換されないので、数日間後に死滅する)。本発明によるオリゴマー又はその誘導体を特異的に認識するモノクローナル抗体−生産性ハイブリドーマ細胞は、ハイブリドーマ培養上澄液をそのような抗体についてスクリーニングすることによって、例えば、標準−ELISA−検定を使用することによって同定され、本発明によるオリゴマー又はその誘導体を特異的に結合することができる抗体が選別される。
本発明による抗体を免疫化及び選別によって製造するために、選択的に、オリゴマー又はその誘導体に特異的に結合する免疫グロブリン−バンクの構成員を分離するために、組換え集合免疫グロブリン−バンク(ライブラリー)を本発明によるオリゴマー又はその誘導体でスクリーニングすることによって、本発明による抗体を同定及び分離することができる。ディスプレー−バンクの製造及びスクリーニングのためのキットは市販で得られる(例えば、ファルマシア(Pharmacia)製の組換えファージ抗体システム(Recombinant Phage Antibody System)カタログ−番号27−9400−01;及びストラタゲン(Stratagene)製のSurfZAP(登録商標)Ohage Display Kit、カタログ−番号240612)。多数の実施態様で、ディスプレー−バンクは、scFv−バンク又はFab−バンクである。組換え抗体バンクのスクリーニングのためのファージディスプレー−技術は十分に記載されている。抗体−ディスプレー−バンクの製造及びスクリーニングの際に有利に使用され得る方法及び化合物の例は、例えば、McCafferty et al. WO92/01047、US−特許第5969108及びEP589877(殊に、scFvのディスプレーを記載)、Ladner et al. US−特許第5223409、第5403484、第5571698、第5837500及びEP436597(例えば、pIII−融合を記載);Dower et al. WO91/17271、US−特許第5427908、US−特許第5580717及びEP527839(殊に、Fabのディスプレーを記載);Winter et al. International Publication WO92/20791及びEP368684(殊に、可変免疫グロブリンドメインの配列のクローニングを記載);Griffiths et al. US−特許第5885793及びEP589877(組換えバンクの使用下にヒト抗原に対するヒト抗体の単離を記載);Garrard et al. WO92/09690(殊に、ファージ発現技術を記載);Knappik et al. WO97/08320(ヒト組換え抗体バンクHuCalを記載);Salfeld et al. WO97/29131(ヒト抗原に対する組換えヒト抗体(ヒト−腫瘍−壊死−因子アルファ)の製造及び組換え抗体の試験管内−親和性成熟を記載)及びSalfeld et al. U. S. Provisional Application 第60/126603及びこれに基づく特許出願(同様に、ヒト抗原に対する組換えヒト抗体(ヒトインターロイキン−12)の製造及び組換え抗体の試験管内−親和性成熟を記載)にある。
生体内−及び試験管内法の組合せ、例えば、オリゴマー−又は誘導体結合抗体の生産を刺激するために、先ず本発明によるオリゴマー又はその誘導体を宿主動物における生体内で抗体−レパートリー上に作用させ、引続いて、1種以上の試験管内−技術による更なる抗体選別及び/又は抗体成熟(即ち、最適化)を実施する方法を使用することによって、本発明による抗体を同様に製造することができる。1実施態様により、先ず、抗原に対する抗体−応答を刺激するために、非−ヒト動物(例えば、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ニワトリ、ラクダ、ヤギ又はその形質転換型又はキメラマウス)を本発明によるオリゴマー又はその誘導体で免疫化させ、引き続き、オリゴマー又は誘導体の作用によって生体内で刺激されたリンパ球からの免疫グロブリン配列の使用下にファージ−ディスプレー−抗体バンクを製造し、かつスクリーニングさせる組合せ方法が包含される。この組合せ方法の第1段階は、生体内−方法に関連する前記の方法で実施され得るが、この方法の第2段階は、試験管内−方法に関連する前記の方法で実施され得る。刺激されたリンパ球から製造されたファージ−ディスプレー−バンクを、引き続き、試験管内−スクリーニングすることを伴う、非−ヒト動物の超免疫の有利な方法には、BioSite Inc.,により記載されている方法(例えば、WO98/47343、WO91/17271、US−特許第5427908及びUS−特許第5580717参照)が属する。
i)本発明によるオリゴマー又はその誘導体及び構造的に類似の合成配列に共通である構造的特徴を包含する抗原を製造する;
ii)抗原を抗体−レパートリー上に作用させる;かつ
iii)2種の構造的に類似の配列に結合する抗体をレパートリーから選別し、それによって所望の特異性を有する抗体を得る。
i)物質又は物質混合物を好適な方法で準備する;
ii)物質又は物質混合物を、少なくとも1種の本発明によるオリゴマー、その誘導体又は組成物に作用させる;及び
iii)物質又は物質混合物の一定部分が、オリゴマー、その誘導体又は組成物中に含有される少なくとも1種のオリゴマー又はその誘導体に結合しているかどうかを測定する。
物質が本発明によるオリゴマーに対するアミロイド−β−タンパク質の集合を変性させ、殊に、阻害させることができるかどうか;
物質が、本発明によるオリゴマーの解離を変性させ、殊に、促進させることができるかどうか;
本発明によるオリゴマーが、結合相手の機能変化を呼び起こし、例えば、受容体で共働的、部分的共働的、拮抗的又は反共働的作用を有するかどうかを測定することができる。
a)ヒトAβ(1−42)の基本懸濁液の製造
ヒトβ−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質(略称:Aβ(1−42);ペプチド合成原料、凍結乾燥物、Fa. Bachem, Deutschland)2mgを、1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオル−2−プロパノール800μl中に溶かし、エッペンドルフ容器中37℃で30分間恒温保持する。その後に、真空濃縮機(Speed Vac)中で蒸発乾固させる。残渣をDMSO88μlに入れ、この際、Aβ(1−42)−基本懸濁液5ミリモルが生じる。これを−20℃で保存することができる。
ラット−β−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質(略称:ラット−Aβ(1−42);ペプチド合成原料、凍結乾燥物、Fa. Bachem, Deutschland)2mgを、1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオル−2−プロパノール800μl中に溶かし、エッペンドルフ容器中37℃で30分間恒温保持する。その後に、真空濃縮機(Speed Vac)中で蒸発乾固させる。残渣をDMSO88μlに入れ、この際、ラット−Aβ(1−42)−基本懸濁液5ミリモルが生じる。これを−20℃で保存することができる。
a)分子量15kDa及び20kDaを有するAβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA]の製造;SDSの使用
例1aからの基本溶液60μlにPBS−緩衝液(燐酸ナトリウム20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)690μlを加え、2%のドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(SDS)−溶液75μlで0.2%SDSの含量に調整する。その後に、37℃で5時間恒温保持し、10000gで10分間遠心分離する。このAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本(Aβ(1−42)約400マイクロモル)を−20℃で保存することができる。
例1bからの基本溶液60μlにPBS−緩衝液(燐酸ナトリウム20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)690μlを加え、2%のドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(SDS)−溶液75μlで0.2%SDSの含量に調整する。その後に、37℃で5時間恒温保持し、10000gで10分間遠心分離する。このラット−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本(ラット−Aβ(1−42)約400マイクロモル)を−20℃で保存することができる。
例1aからの基本溶液60μlにPBS−緩衝液(燐酸ナトリウム20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)690μlを加え、5%のラウリル酸−溶液75μlで0.5%ラウリル酸の含量に調整する。その後に、37℃で5時間恒温保持し、10000gで10分間遠心分離する。このAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本(Aβ(1−42)約400マイクロモル)を−20℃で保存することができる。
例1aからの基本溶液60μlにPBS−緩衝液(燐酸ナトリウム20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)690μlを加え、5%の油酸−溶液75μlで0.5%油酸の含量に調整する。その後に、37℃で5時間恒温保持し、10000gで10分間遠心分離する。このAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本(Aβ(1−42)約400マイクロモル)を−20℃で保存することができる。
例1aからの基本溶液60μlにPBS−緩衝液(燐酸ナトリウム20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)690μlを加え、5%のラウロイルサルコシン−溶液75μlで0.5%ラウロイルサルコシンの含量に調整する。その後に、37℃で5時間恒温保持し、10000gで10分間遠心分離する。このAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本(Aβ(1−42)約400マイクロモル)を−20℃で保存することができる。
a)分子量15kDa及び20kDaを有するAβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA]の製造のための選択的製法
ヒトβ−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質(略称:Aβ(1−42);ペプチド合成原料、凍結乾燥物、Fa. Bachem, Deutschland)1mgを、HCl−水溶液10ミリモル220μl中に入れ、室温で10分間恒温保持する。不溶成分を10000gで5分間遠心分離する。上澄液(Aβ(1−42) 1ミリモル)は、Aβ(1−42)−タンパク質を含有し、次のように更に処理される:
上澄液1μlにPBS−緩衝液9μl及び2%のSDS−溶液1μlを加え、37℃で16時間恒温保持する。そうして得られるhAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本(100マイクロモル)を−20℃で保存することができる。
ラット−β−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質(略称:ラット−Aβ(1−42);ペプチド合成原料、凍結乾燥物、Fa. Bachem, Deutschland)1mgを、HCl−水溶液10ミリモル220μl中に入れ、室温で10分間恒温保持する。不溶成分を10000gで5分間遠心分離する。上澄液(ラット−Aβ(1−42) 1ミリモル)は、ラット−Aβ(1−42)−タンパク質を含有し、次のように更に処理される:
上澄液1μlにPBS−緩衝液9μl及び2%のSDS−溶液1μlを加え、37℃で16時間恒温保持する。そうして得られるラット−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本(100マイクロモル)を−20℃で保存することができる。
a)分子量15kDa及び20kDaを有するAβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA]の製造のための選択的製法
ヒトβ−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質(略称:Aβ(1−42);ペプチド合成原料、凍結乾燥物、Fa. Bachem, Deutschland)1mgを、1%SDS/H2O44μl中に溶かす(Aβ(1−42) 5ミリモル)。この溶液5μlにPBS40μl及び2%SDS5μlを加え、37℃で16時間恒温保持する。不溶成分を10000gで5分間遠心分離する。そうして得られるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本(Aβ(1−42) 500マイクロモル)を−20℃で保存することができる。
ラット−β−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質(略称:ラット−Aβ(1−42);ペプチド合成原料、凍結乾燥物、Fa. Bachem, Deutschland)1mgを、1%SDS/H2O44μl中に溶かす(ラット−Aβ(1−42) 5ミリモル)。この溶液5μlにPBS40μl及び2%SDS5μlを加え、37℃で16時間恒温保持する。不溶成分を10000gで5分間遠心分離する。そうして得られるラット−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本(Aβ(1−42) 500マイクロモル)を−20℃で保存することができる。
a)分子量38kDa及び48kDaを有するAβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB]の製造
例2aにより得られるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−溶液を、水2475mlで希釈し(0.05%SDS−含量、Aβ(1−42) 0.1ミリモル)、37℃で20時間恒温保持する。このAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本の部分標本を−80℃で凍結させ、更なる研究のために保存する。
b)分子量38kDa及び48kDaを有するラット−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[ラット−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB]の製造
例2bにより得られるラット−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−溶液を、水2475mlで希釈し(0.05%SDS−含量、ラット−Aβ(1−42) 0.1ミリモル)、37℃で20時間恒温保持する。このラット−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本の部分標本を−80℃で凍結させ、更なる研究のために保存する。
例2cにより得られるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−溶液を、水2475mlで希釈し(0.125%ラウリル酸−含量、Aβ(1−42) 0.1ミリモル)、37℃で20時間恒温保持する。このAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本の部分標本を−80℃で凍結させ、更なる研究のために保存する。
例2dにより得られるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−溶液を、水2475mlで希釈し(0.125%油酸−含量、Aβ(1−42) 0.1ミリモル)、37℃で20時間恒温保持する。このAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本の部分標本を−80℃で凍結させ、更なる研究のために保存する。
e)分子量38kDa及び48kDaを有するAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB[Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB]の選択的製造
例2eにより得られるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−溶液を、水2475mlで希釈し(0.125%ラウロイルサルコシン−含量、Aβ(1−42) 0.1ミリモル)、37℃で20時間恒温保持する。このAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本の部分標本を−80℃で凍結させ、更なる研究のために保存する。
例6bにより製造したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本10μlに、比率4%/33%/63%の酢酸/メタノール/水−混合物250μlを加え、氷上0℃で30分間恒温保持する。遠心分離(10000gで10分間)後に、上澄液を取り出し、沈殿したタンパク質残渣を緩衝液(燐酸−Na20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)200μl中に入れる。そうして得られる標本は、SDSを含まない形の溶解したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBを含有し、−20℃で保存され得る。
a)分子量38kDa及び48kDaを有するAβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB]の透析及び濃縮
例5aにより製造したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本に、0.1%プルロニック(Pluronic)(登録商標)F68(Fa. BASF)を含有するPBS−緩衝液30mlを加え、Fa. Amicon のCentriprep YM, 30 KD中で3mlに濃縮させる。場合により存在する残渣を遠心分離(10000gで5分間)によって除去する。上澄液を取り出す。このAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本の部分標本を−80℃で凍結させ、更なる研究のために保存することができる。
例5aにより得られるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本72.6mlを、30 KD−Centriprep−細管YM(Amicon)上で2mlに濃縮させる。濃縮物を10000gで10分間遠心分離する。上澄液を取り出し、透析管中で、緩衝液(燐酸ナトリウム5ミリモル、塩化ナトリウム35ミリモル、pH7.4)1lに対して6℃で16時間透析する。透析物を10000gで10分間遠心分離する。上澄液を取り出し、更なる研究のために−80℃で保存することができる。
ビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−基本懸濁液の製造
ビオチン−β−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質(略称:ビオチン−Aβ(1−42);ペプチド合成原料、凍結乾燥物、AnaSpec)0.5mgを、1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオル−2−プロパノール200μl中に溶かし、エッペンドルフ容器中37℃で30分間恒温保持する。その後に、真空濃縮機(Speed Vac)中で蒸発乾固させる。残渣をDMSO20.5μlに入れ、この際、ビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−基本懸濁液5ミリモルが生じる。これを−20℃で保存することができる。
分子量17kDa及び22kDaを有するビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[ビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA]の製造
例7からの基本懸濁液2μlに、PBS−緩衝液(燐酸ナトリウム20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)23μlを加え、2%のSDS−溶液2.4μlで0.2%SDSの含量に調整する。その後に、37℃で6時間恒温保持し、不溶成分を10000gで5分間遠心分離する。そうして得られるビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本を−20℃で保存することができる。
分子量42kDa及び52kDaを有するビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[ビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB]の製造
例8により得られるビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−溶液を、水82μlで希釈し(0.05%SDS−含量、Aβ0.1ミリモル)、37℃で16時間恒温保持する。不溶成分を10000gで5分間遠心分離する。このビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本を−20℃で凍結させ、更なる研究のために保存することができる(図3)。
フルオレスセイン−Aβ(1−42)−基本懸濁液の製造
フルオレスセイン−β−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質(略称:フルオレスセイン−Aβ(1−42);ペプチド合成原料、凍結乾燥物、AnaSpec)0.5mgを、1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオル−2−プロパノール200μl中に溶かし、エッペンドルフ容器中37℃で30分間恒温保持する。その後に、真空濃縮機(Speed Vac)中で蒸発乾固させる。残渣をDMSO20.5μlに入れ、この際、フルオレスセイン−Aβ(1−42)−基本懸濁液5ミリモルが生じる。これを−20℃で保存することができる。
分子量17kDa及び22kDaを有するフルオレスセイン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[フルオレスセイン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA]の製造
例10からの基本懸濁液2μlにPBS−緩衝液(燐酸ナトリウム20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)23μlを加え、2%のSDS−溶液2.4μlで0.2%SDSの含量に調整する。その後に、37℃で6時間恒温保持する。不溶成分を10000gで10分間遠心分離する。そうして得られるフルオレスセイン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−標本を−20℃で保存することができる。
分子量42kDa及び52kDaを有するフルオレスセイン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[フルオレスセイン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB]の製造
例11により得られるフルオレスセイン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−溶液を、水82μlで希釈し(0.05%SDS−含量、Aβ(1−42) 0.1ミリモル)、37℃で16時間恒温保持する。フルオレスセイン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本を−80℃で凍結させ、更なる研究のために保存することができる(図4)。
例2aからのAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA[Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−CL]の架橋結合
例2aにより製造したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−溶液10μlをPBS7.5μl、0.2%SDSで、Aβ(1−42)−含量100マイクロモルに希釈する。この溶液に新規に製造したグルタルジアルデヒド−水溶液10ミリモル1μlを加え、これを室温で3時間攪拌する。過剰のグルタルジアルデヒドを飽和させるために、試料に、エタノールアミン−水溶液100ミリモル1μl、pH7.4を加え、1時間攪拌する。そうして得られる標本は、架橋結合したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーAを含有し、Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−CL−標本と表示される。
a)例5aからのAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB[Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−CL]の架橋結合
例5aにより製造したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−溶液10μlに、新規に製造したグルタルジアルデヒド−水溶液10ミリモル1μlを加え、室温で3時間攪拌する。過剰のグルタルジアルデヒドを飽和させるために、試料に、エタノールアミン−水溶液100ミリモル1μl、pH7.4を加え、1時間攪拌する。そうして得られる標本は、架橋結合したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBを含有し、Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−CL−標本と表示される。
例5aにより製造したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−溶液72.6mlに、新規に製造したグルタルジアルデヒド−水溶液10ミリモル7,26mlを加え、室温で2時間攪拌する。過剰のグルタルジアルデヒドを飽和させるために、試料に、緩衝液(燐酸−Na20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、エタノールアミン500ミリモル、pH7.4)726μlを加え、室温で30分間攪拌する。成分を30kDa−セントリプレプ(Centriprep)−細管15ml上で3mlに濃縮させる。濃縮物を10000gで10分間遠心分離する。上澄液を取り出し、透析管中で、燐酸−Na115ミリモル、NaCl35ミリモル、pH7.4に対して、6℃で16時間透析する。その後に、透析物を10000gで10分間遠心分離し、上澄液を取り出す。上澄液を更なる研究のために−80℃で保存することができる。そうして得られる標本は、架橋結合したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBを含有し、Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−CL−標本と表示される。
a)サーモリシンでの分解による、Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBから出発する切端されたAβ(20−42)−オリゴマーの製造:
例6bにより製造したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本1.59mlに、緩衝液(MES/NaOH50ミリモル、pH7.4)38ml及びサーモリシン−水溶液(Fa. Roche)1mg/ml 200μlを加える。成分を室温で20時間攪拌する。その後に、EDTA−水溶液100ミリモル(pH7.4)80μlを加え、更に、1%のSDS−溶液400μlでSDS−含量0.01%に調整する。成分を、30kDa−セントリプレプ−細管15mlを介して約1mlに濃縮させる。濃縮物に、緩衝液(MES/NaOH50ミリモル、SDS0.02%、pH7.4)9mlを加え、再び1mlに濃縮させる。濃縮物を、透析管中で、緩衝液(燐酸−Na5ミリモル、NaCl35ミリモル)1lに対して、6℃で16時間透析する。透析物を2%のSDS−水溶液で、SDS−含量0.1%に調整する。試料を10000gで10分間遠心分離し、上澄液を取り出す。
例6bにより製造したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本2mlに、緩衝液(燐酸ナトリウム5ミリモル、塩化ナトリウム35ミリモル、pH7.4)38ml及びエンドプロテイナーゼGluC(Fa. Roche)1mg/ml(水中)150μlを加える。成分を室温で6時間攪拌する。引き続き、もう1度、水中のエンドプロテイナーゼGluC(Fa. Roche)1mg/ml 150μlを加える。成分を室温で更に16時間攪拌する。その後に、DIFP−溶液5モル8μlを加える。成分を、30kDa−セントリプレプ−細管15ml上で約1mlに濃縮させる。濃縮物に、緩衝液(燐酸ナトリウム5ミリモル、塩化ナトリウム35ミリモル、pH7.4)9mlを加え、再び1mlに濃縮させる。濃縮物を、透析管中で、緩衝液(燐酸−Na5ミリモル、NaCl35ミリモル)1lに対して、6℃で16時間透析する。透析物を1%のSDS−水溶液で、SDS−含量0.1%に調整する。試料を10000gで10分間遠心分離し、上澄液を取り出す。
例16
SDS−ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動(SDS−PAGE)
変性条件下での分子量の特徴付けのために、例2a、5a、9、12、13及び14aからのオリゴマーA及びBを含有する標本を、変性条件下に、標準条件により、4〜20%のトリス−グリシン−SDS−PAGEで分析する。
ゲル透過クロマトグラフィー
非変性条件下での分子量特性を詳細に調べるために、ゲル透過クロマトグラフィー(GPC)を、FPLC−法で、スパロース(Superose) 12 HR 10/30 カラムを用いて実施する。GPCは4℃で行なわれる。
例5aからのAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBの自然ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動(NATIVE−PAGE)
自然条件化での分子量の特徴付けのために、例5aからのオリゴマーBを含有する標本を、非変性条件下に、4〜20%トリス−グリシン−ゲル中で分析する。
a)生理学的緩衝液中の異なるタンパク質濃度におけるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBにおける安定性
例6bにより得られるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBを、次の条件下に、PBS−緩衝液中の安定性について試験する。
例6bにより得られるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBを、PBS−緩衝液で0.5mg/mlに希釈し、24時間又は96時間室温又は370℃で高温保持する。続いて、帯パターンをSDS−PAGEで分析する。帯パターンは全試料で同一である。
異なるプロテアーゼ(トリプシン、キモトリプシン、サーモリシン、エラスターゼ、パパイン)によるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBのタンパク質加水分解
例6により得られるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本の部分標本を、緩衝液(燐酸−Na20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)で0.5mg/mlに希釈し、次の条件下に、各々、図9に挙げたプロテアーゼ溶液の質量の1/50と共に、20時間37℃及びpH7.4で恒温保持する。その後に、成分の部分標本1μgをSDS−PAGEで分析する(図9)。
ラット血漿中のAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBの安定性
例6bにより製造したAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本4μlを、ラット血漿76μlと共に、0時間、1時間、2時間、4時間及び8時間室温で恒温保持する。恒温保持をドライアイス中での凍結によって止める。
分子量17kDa及び22kDaを有するビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[ビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA]又は分子量42kDa及び52kDaを有するビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[ビオチン−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB]のヒト神経細胞の表面への結合
ヒトβ−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質及び2つのAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーA−及びAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本の、ヒト神経芽細胞系IMR−32(ATCC番号:CCL−127)への結合を、FACScan(Beckton Dickinson)によって調べる。IMR−32細胞の懸濁液(細胞1.5x106/PBS0.1ml)を、ビオチン−標識化ヒトβ−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質(ペプチド合成原料、凍結乾燥物、AnaSpec)及びビオチン−標識化オリゴマーA又はBを含有する標本(例8又は9)と共に、20分間37℃で恒温保持する。引き続き、細胞を緩衝液(PBSプラス1%BSA)で洗浄し、ストレプトアビジンイソチオシアネート結合のフルオレセイン(Sigma)と共に20分間室温で恒温保持する。緩衝液での清浄段階後に、IMR−32細胞の表面への結合をFACScanで分析する。断続線は、ビオチン−標識化成分の不在で、基底値蛍光を示す。個々の標本の添加は細胞−会合蛍光の強力な増加を導き、濃い線によって描かれている。細胞表面へのオリゴマーA(図7B)及びB(図7C)の結合は、モノマーβ−アミロイド(1−42)−タンパク質(図7A)の結合とは明らかに異なっている。データは、ヒト細胞表面上のオリゴマーの特異的結合部位を示す。
icv−投与後のラット脳ホモジネート中のAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBの検出
例6bより得られるAβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本10ナノモルを、ラットにicv丸剤として投与する。脳を15分間後又は120分間後に解剖する。未処理対照動物の脳を同様に解剖する。そのために、50ml入りファルコン(Falcon)試験管中で、ラット脳各1gに、破砕緩衝液A(燐酸ナトリウム5ミリモル200ml、NaCl35ミリモル、蔗糖300ミリモル、pH7.4に調整、プロテアーゼ阻害剤−カクテルComplete(登録商標)、Fa. Rocheの4錠を加える)9mlを加え、氷上の超音波(Ultra Turrax)中で2分間破砕する。溶液を20分間放置し、素早く振動させ、部分標本8x1mlに分ける(=ホモジネート)。
標準列−試料及び処理動物からの試料抽出物1μlを、ニトロセルロース−紙上に滴下し、Aβ(1−42)を抗体6E10(抗−Aβ(1−42);Fa. Signet)で検出する。抗−マウスIgGに結合したアルカリ性ホスファターゼを用いて、呈色剤NBT/BCIPの添加によって呈色させる。
ドットブロット法で分析した全試料を、同様にウエスタンブロット法で分析する。ウエスタンブロット法は、同様に、mMAb6E10(抗−Aβ(1−42);Fa. Signet)及び更に抗−マウス−IgGに結合したアルカリ性ホスファターゼを用いて、呈色剤NBT/BCIPの添加によって展開させる。
分子量38kDa及び48kDaを有するAβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB]の、マウスの大脳皮質ニューロンへの神経毒作用
ネズミの大脳皮質ニューロンの標本及び培養は、文献(Choi et al. (1987) J. Neurosci. 7, 357-368)による神経膠細胞との混合培養として行なわれる。胚の場合には、展開14〜15日目に、大脳皮膚及び深部脳範囲の皮部を機械的に除去する。0.05%のトリプシン溶液中37℃で5〜7分間の恒温保持し、及び引続いて、孔を縮小させたパスツールピペットを数回通過させることよって細胞を細かく分離させる。細胞数の測定後に、ポリ−L−オルニチン及びラミニンで被覆された細胞培養原料上で2cm2当たり、保存培地(グルタミン0.8ミリモル、ブドウ糖18ミリモル、NaHCO3 23ミリモル及び10%馬血清を有する最少必須培地)0.5ml中で430000個の細胞を接種する。細胞の培養及びその後の恒温保持は、空気湿潤の細胞培養箱中で37℃、5%CO2で行なわれる。培養3〜5日間後に、神経膠−細胞の増加を、(+)−5−フルオル−2’−デスオキシウリジン/ウリジン−混合物(各10マイクロモル)との1日間の恒温保持によって止める。培養14日間後に、Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBの毒性作用を調べる。そのために、細胞を15分間脳細胞緩衝液(NaCl120ミリモル、KCl5.4ミリモル、CaCl21.8ミリモル、ブドウ糖15ミリモル、HEPES25ミリモル、pH7.2)中で恒温保持する。対照細胞1を脳細胞緩衝液中でL−グルタメート300マイクロモルと共に同じ時間恒温保持する。Aβ−オリゴマーの基本溶液を、血清を含まない培地(グルタミン0.8ミリモル、ブドウ糖20ミリモル、NaHCO3 26ミリモルを有する最少必須培地)で、様々な最終濃度に希釈し、24時間恒温保持する。L−グルタメートで処理した対照細胞1を平行して血清を含まない培地中で恒温保持する。もう1つの群の細胞(対照細胞2)を、脳細胞緩衝液だけで、血清を含まない培地で処理する。24時間後に細胞培養上澄液を除去し、残留細胞を蒸留水中で20分間の恒温保持によって破砕し、2つの溶液中で酵素、乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(LDH)の活性を酵素的に調べる。評価のために、細胞培養上澄液のLDH−活性対上澄液及び残留細胞からのLDH−活性の合計の比率を測定し、4回の測定の平均値を出す。3回の実験を実施し、この際、各実験条件は4重で存在している(n=12)。グルタメートで処理した細胞(対照細胞1)における平均値はニューロン死100%とみなし、L−グルタメートでも、Aβ−オリゴマーでも処理していない細胞(対照細胞2)の平均値はニューロン死0%とみなし、Aβ−オリゴマーで処理した細胞値は相応に換算される。各使用濃度における全測定の神経毒性の平均値は、分子量38kDa及び48kDaを有するAβ(1−42)−オリゴマー[Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB]の明らかな毒性作用を示す。図8参照。
抗体の製造
免疫化に使用されるカクテルは、全例で、実際に次の成分を有するアジュバント(Fa. Biogenes)を含有する:
パラフィン油95%
ツィーン(Tween)40 2.4%
コレステリン0.1%
リポ多糖類0.1%
アジュバントは、安定したエマルジョンが得られるまで、抗原の溶液と比率2:1で混合される。エマルジョンを注射し、抗原がそれから連続的に遊離されるデポーを形成する。
2匹のウサギを、標準プロトコルにより、例15aからの非複合化Aβ(20−42)−オリゴマーB−標本で免疫化させる。
7日目 第1免疫増強
14日目 第2免疫増強
28日目 第3免疫増強及び出血
35日目 採血
抗血清を、ウサギ血液から、室温での静置及び引き続き室温での遠心分離によって得る。そうして得られる血清を血清(a1)と表示する。
7日目 第1免疫増強
14日目 第2免疫増強
28日目 第3免疫増強及び出血
35日目 採血
抗血清をウサギ血液から、室温での静置及び引き続き室温での遠心分離によって得る。そうして得られる血清を血清(a2)と表示する。
2匹のウサギを、標準プロトコルにより、例15bからの非複合化Aβ(12−42)−オリゴマーB−標本で免疫化させる。
7日目 第1免疫増強
14日目 第2免疫増強
28日目 第3免疫増強及び出血
35日目 採血
抗血清を、ウサギ血液から、室温での静置及び引き続き室温での遠心分離によって得る。そうして得られる血清を血清(b1)と表示する。
7日目 第1免疫増強
14日目 第2免疫増強
28日目 第3免疫増強及び出血
35日目 採血
抗血清をウサギ血液から、室温での静置及び引き続き室温での遠心分離によって得る。そうして得られる血清を血清(b2)と表示する。
2匹のウサギを、標準プロトコルにより、例14aからの非複合化Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−CLー標本で免疫化させる。
7日目 第1免疫増強
14日目 第2免疫増強
28日目 第3免疫増強及び出血
35日目 採血
抗血清を、ウサギ血液から、室温での静置及び引き続き室温での遠心分離によって得る。そうして得られる血清を血清(c1)と表示する。
2匹のウサギを、標準プロトコルにより、例6bからの非複合化Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−標本で免疫化させる。
7日目 第1免疫増強
14日目 第2免疫増強
28日目 第3免疫増強及び出血
35日目 採血
抗血清を、ウサギ血液から、室温での静置及び引き続き室温での遠心分離によって得る。そうして得られる血清を血清(d1)と表示する。
7日目 第1免疫増強
14日目 第2免疫増強
28日目 第3免疫増強及び出血
35日目 採血
抗血清をウサギ血液から、室温での静置及び引き続き室温での遠心分離によって得る。そうして得られる血清を血清(d2)と表示する。
例25の免疫化からのポリクローナル抗血清の、様々なAβ(1−42)−型とのその架橋結合についての特徴づけ
ポリクローナル抗血清の特徴付けのために、PBS中100ピコモル(pmol)/μl〜0.01ピコモル/μlの範囲の希釈列で様々なAβ(1−42)−型を製造した。試料各1μlをニトロセルロース−膜上に載せた:検出は例25からの相応するウサギ血清で行なった。比較として、mMAb 6E10(Fa. Signet)での検出を実施した。抗−ウサギ−IgGに結合したアルカリ性ホスファターゼ(比較用:抗−マウス−IgGに結合したアルカリ性ホスファターゼ)及び呈色剤NBT/BCIPの添加で呈色させた。図10はそうして得られるドットブロットを示し、これは数値的に次のように評価される:
Aβ(1−42)−原線維の製造
0.1%NH4OH中のAβ(1−42)−溶液(2mg/ml)100μlを、緩衝液(燐酸−Na20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)300μlで、0.5mg/mlに希釈し、HCl0.1モルでpH7.4に調製する(Aβ(1−42) 100マイクロモル)。試料を24時間37℃で恒温保持し、その後に、10分間10000gで遠心分離する。得られるタンパク質残渣を、緩衝液(燐酸−Na20ミリモル、NaCl140ミリモル、pH7.4)400μlで再懸濁させる。そうして得られるAβ(1−42)−原線維−標本を−20℃で保存し、更なる研究に使用することができる。
Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB−CL(例14bから)の、海馬切片への作用
厚さ400μMの海馬横断切片を、切片浸漬室中34℃で少なくとも1時間、ガス処理したリンガー液(NaCl124ミリモル、KCl4.9ミリモル、MgSO4 1.3ミリモル、CaCl2 2.5ミリモル、KH2PO4 1.2ミリモル、NaHCO3 25.6ミリモル、ブドウ糖10ミリモル)の灌流下に適応させた。その後に、単極の刺激電極により、シェ−ファー副軸索を刺激し、放線状層中の興奮性シナプス後電位((fEPSP)を導出させた。最高のfEPSPを発生させる刺激強度の30%で試験パルスを与えた。長時間−相乗作用の誘発のために、単一パルスを200μsの幅で100パルスを3回、いずれも10分間施した(強い強縮)。得られるfEPSPの相乗作用を少なくとも240分間記録した。例14bからのオリゴマーB−CLの洗浄を、最初の強縮の20分間前に開始し、最後の強縮の10分間後に終了した。fEPSPsの上昇(勾配)を調べ、時間に対して作図した。
Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーB(例5bから)の、一次海馬ラット−ニューロンへの結合
例5bからのラット−Aβ(1−42)−オリゴマーBの、一次海馬ラットニューロンへの結合を調べた。海馬−ニューロンを、ポリ−L−リジン−被覆のデッキガラス上でB27−サプリメントを有する神経基礎培地中で培養し、培養の14日目に使用した。ニューロン細胞膜へのオリゴマーの結合は、新鮮培地中で、オリゴマー200ナノモル(全モノマーAβ−濃度)の添加及び37℃で15分間の恒温保持によって行なわれた。Aβ−含有培地の除去後に、培地で2回洗浄し、細胞を引続いて3.7%ホルムアルデヒド中に固定させた。細胞を更に洗浄した後に、非特異的結合部位をPBS−緩衝液中10%標準ロバ−血清で室温で90分間遮断した。第1抗体として、6E10(マウスから)を1:2000の希釈で、2時間室温で適用した。細胞を再び洗浄し、マウスに照準していて蛍光色素Cy3がそれに結合している第2抗体(ロバから)と共に2時間室温で恒温保持した。細胞を再び洗浄した後に、ニューロンを有するデッキガラスを、封埋培地を有するスライド上に固定した。結合Aβ−オリゴマーを有する海馬ニューロンは、蛍光顕微鏡で表示された。対照として、第1抗体6E10が省略されている成分を使用した。従って、この対照は、Aβに基づいていない非特異的蛍光を示す。
Claims (51)
- アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマーが、SDS−ゲル電気泳動における見かけの分子量約38kDa及び/又は48kDaを有し、その際、アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマーの割合が、調製物中においてアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質の全量の少なくとも60質量%である、アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマー又は標的化、不動化及び/又は架橋結合されたアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマーの誘導体を含む調製物。
- 標識が、検出可能な標識である、請求項1に記載の調製物。
- 標識が、蛍光性、発光性、比色性、放射性又は磁気性標識、又は相補性結合相手への親和性を有する標識である、請求項2に記載の調製物。
- 調製物中のアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマーの割合が、アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質の全量の少なくとも75質量%である、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の調製物。
- 調製物中のアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマーの割合が、アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質の全量の少なくとも90質量%である、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の調製物。
- アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマー又はその誘導体が、モノマーアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質又はモノマーアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質の標識化された誘導体へ界面活性剤を作用させ、その後に界面活性作用を減少させ、かつ更に恒温保持し、得られたオリゴマー又は誘導体を場合により標識化、不動化及び/又は架橋結合し、かつアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマー又はその誘導体を含有する調製物を取得することにより得られる、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の調製物。
- アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマー、アミロイド−β(1−43)タンパク質−オリゴマー又はアミロイド−β(1−44)タンパク質−オリゴマーであるか、あるいは、アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマー、アミロイド−β(1−43)タンパク質−オリゴマー又はアミロイド−β(1−44)タンパク質−オリゴマーの標識化、不動化及び/又は架橋結合された誘導体を製造する方法において、この場合、この方法が、モノマーアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質、モノマーアミロイド−β(1−43)タンパク質又はモノマーアミロイド−β(1−44)タンパク質であるか、あるいは、モノマーアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質、モノマーアミロイド−β(1−43)タンパク質又はモノマーアミロイド−β(1−44)タンパク質の標識化された誘導体へ界面活性剤を作用させ、その後に界面活性作用を減少させ、かつ更に恒温保持し、得られたオリゴマー又は誘導体を場合により標識化、不動化及び/又は架橋結合し、かつ、前記オリゴマー又は誘導体を取得することを含む、アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマー、アミロイド−β(1−43)タンパク質−オリゴマー又はアミロイド−β(1−44)タンパク質−オリゴマーであるか、あるいは、アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマー、アミロイド−β(1−43)タンパク質−オリゴマー又はアミロイド−β(1−44)タンパク質−オリゴマーの標識化、不動化及び/又は架橋された誘導体を製造する方法。
- 界面活性剤がイオン性である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 界面活性剤がドデシル硫酸ナトリウムである、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 界面活性剤の作用時間が約1〜20時間である、請求項7から9までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 作用温度が約20〜50℃である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 恒温保持時間が約10〜30時間である、請求項7から9までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 恒温保持温度が約20〜50℃である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質、アミロイド−β(1−43)タンパク質、アミロイド−β(1−44)タンパク質又はそれらの誘導体が、界面活性剤を作用させる前に少なくとも部分的に変性されている、請求項7から13までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- タンパク質が、水素橋−切断剤を作用させることにより変性される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 水素橋−切断剤がHFIPである、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 請求項7から16までのいずれか1項に記載の方法によって得られたアミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマー、アミロイド−β(1−43)タンパク質−オリゴマー又はアミロイド−β(1−44)タンパク質−オリゴマーであるか、あるいは、アミロイド−β(1−42)タンパク質−オリゴマー、アミロイド−β(1−43)タンパク質−オリゴマー又はアミロイド−β(1−44)タンパク質−オリゴマーの標識化、不動化及び/又は架橋結合された誘導体。
- 請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の調製物又は請求項17に記載のオリゴマー又は誘導体並びに場合により製薬学的に認容性の賦形剤を含む、製薬学的組成物。
- 組成物がワクチンである、請求項18に記載の組成物。
- 試験管内検出法における、請求項1から6まで又は17のいずれか1項に記載の調製物、オリゴマー又は誘導体の使用。
- 生体内検出法において、診断において使用するための組成物を製造するための、請求項1から6まで又は17のいずれか1項に記載の調製物、オリゴマー又は誘導体の使用。
- 能動免疫のための製薬学的組成物を製造するための、請求項1から6又は17のいずれか1項に記載の調製物、オリゴマー又は誘導体の使用。
- アミロイド−β関連の病気の治療用ワクチンを製造するための、請求項1から6又は17のいずれか1項に記載の調製物、オリゴマー又は誘導体の使用。
- アミロイド−β関連の病気がアルツハイマー病である、請求項23に記載の使用。
- 物質又は物質混合物を特徴付けるための試験管内法において、
i)物質又は物質混合物を得て、
ii)物質又は物質混合物を、請求項1から6又は17のいずれか1項に記載の調製物、オリゴマー又はその誘導体に作用させ、かつ
iii)物質又は物質混合物の一定部分が、調製物、オリゴマー又はその誘導体に結合するかどうかを測定する方法を含む、物質又は物質混合物を特徴付けるための試験管内法。 - 請求項1から6又は17のいずれか1項に記載のオリゴマー又は誘導体と特異的に結合する抗体又はその抗原結合部位。
- 請求項1から6まで又は17のいずれか1項に記載のオリゴマー又は誘導体と、モノマーアミロイドβ(1−42)タンパク質よりも高い親和性で結合する、抗体又はその抗原結合部位。
- Kd=10−6〜10−12Mの範囲の親和性でオリゴマー又はその誘導体と結合する、請求項26又は27に記載の抗体又はその抗原結合部位。
- Kd=10−8Mよりも高い親和性、Kd=10−9Mよりも高い親和性、Kd=10−10Mよりも高い親和性又はKd=10−11Mよりも高い親和性で、オリゴマー又はその誘導体と結合する、請求項26に記載の抗体又は抗原結合部位。
- Kd=10−8Mよりも低い親和性で、モノマーアミロイドβ(1−42)タンパク質及び/又はモノマーアミロイドβ(1−40)タンパク質と結合する、請求項26から29までのいずれか1項に記載の抗体又はその抗原結合部位。
- オリゴマー又はその誘導体に対する前記抗体の親和性が、モノマーアミロイドβ(1−42)タンパク質及び/又はモノマーアミロイドβ(1−40)タンパク質に対する親和性よりも少なくとも10倍高いか、モノマーアミロイドβ(1−42)タンパク質及び/又はモノマーアミロイドβ(1−40)タンパク質に対する親和性よりも少なくとも100倍高いか、又はモノマーアミロイドβ(1−42)タンパク質及び/又はモノマーアミロイドβ(1−40)タンパク質に対する親和性よりも少なくとも1000倍高い、請求項26から30までのいずれか1項に記載の抗体又はその抗原結合部位。
- 抗体が、表面プラズモン共鳴により測定したkoff−速度定数0.1s−1以下でオリゴマー又はその誘導体と結合する、請求項26から31までのいずれか1項に記載の抗体又はその抗原結合部位。
- 抗体が、オリゴマー又はその誘導体の活性を、1x10−5M以下の阻害定数IC50で阻害する、請求項26から32までのいずれか1項に記載の抗体又はその抗原結合部位。
- 抗体がポリクローナル抗体又はモノクローナル抗体である、請求項26から33までのいずれか1項に記載の抗体又はその抗原結合部位。
- 抗原が実際にヒト抗体、キメラ抗体又はCDRグラフト抗体である、請求項26から34までのいずれか1項に記載の抗体又はその抗原結合部位。
- 抗体を製造する方法において、この場合、この方法が、
i)請求項1から6まで又は17のいずれか1項に記載の少なくとも1種のオリゴマー又は誘導体を用いて宿主を免疫化し;かつ、
ii)前記免疫化に対する応答として生じた抗体含有宿主血清を取得することを含む、抗体を製造する方法、但し、ヒトにおいて実施する方法を除く。 - 免疫原として使用されたオリゴマー又は誘導体を認識する、血清の少なくとも1種の抗体が選択される、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から6まで又は17のいずれか1項に記載のオリゴマー又はその誘導体に特異的な抗体を製造するための方法において、この場合、この方法が、
i)前記オリゴマー又はその誘導体を含む抗原を得て;
ii)前記抗原を抗体レパートリーに作用させ;かつ、
iii)前記レパートリーから前記オリゴマー又は誘導体と特異的に結合する抗原を選択する、請求項1から6まで又は17のいずれか1項に記載のオリゴマー又はその誘導体に特異的な抗体を製造するための方法、但し、ヒトにおいて実施する方法を除く。 - 動物を抗原で免疫化させることにより、抗原を生体内で抗体レパートリーに作用させる、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 更に、一連のハイブリドーマを動物のリンパ球から確立し、かつオリゴマー又はその誘導体と特異的に結合する抗体を分泌するハイブリドーマを選択する、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 動物が、マウス、ラット、ニワトリ、ラクダ、カニクイザル、ウサギ及びヤギから成る群から選択される、請求項39又は40に記載の方法。
- 動物が、APP欠損を有するノックアウトマウス、抗原刺激後にヒト抗体を生じさせるヒト免疫グロブリン遺伝子を有するトランスジェニックマウス、ヒト末梢単核血球又はリンパ様細胞又はその前駆体で再構成されている、重症併合免疫不全(SCID)のマウス及び
致死的全身放射線照射で処理され、引き続き、重症併合免疫不全(SCID)のマウスからの骨髄細胞で照射に対して保護され、引き続き、機能的ヒトリンパ球又はその前駆体を移植されているマウスから成る群から選択される、請求項41に記載の方法。 - 組換え体の抗体バンクを抗原でスクリーニングすることにより、試験管内で抗原を抗体レパートリーに作用させる、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 組換え体の抗体バンクをバクテリオファージの表面で、酵母細胞の表面で、細菌細胞の表面で又はRNA−タンパク質−融合として発現させるか、あるいは、組換え体の抗体バンクが、scFv−バンク又はFab−バンク又は単一ドメイン−バンクである、請求項43に記載の方法。
- 動物を抗原で生体内免疫化させ、かつ、動物のリンパ様細胞から製造される組換え体の抗体バンクを抗原でスクリーニングすることによってか、動物を抗原で生体内免疫化させ、かつ動物のリンパ様細胞から製造される組換え体の抗体バンクを試験管内で親和性成熟させることによってか、あるいは、動物を抗原で免疫化させ、抗原結合抗体を分泌する個々の細胞を選択し、かつ単一の細胞から重鎖又は軽鎖の可変領域のcDNAsを取得することによって、抗原を抗体レパートリーに作用させる、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 請求項36から45までのいずれか1項に記載の方法によって得られた抗体又はその抗原結合部位。
- 請求項26から35又は46のいずれか1項に記載の抗体又はその抗原結合部位並びに場合により製薬学的に認容性の賦形剤を含む、製薬学的組成物。
- アミロイドβ−関連の病気を治療するための医薬品を製造するための、請求項26から35又は46までのいずれか1項に記載の抗体又はその抗原結合部位の使用。
- 治療が受動免疫である、請求項48に記載の使用。
- アミロイドβ−関連の病気を診断するための組成物を製造するための、請求項26から35まで又は46のいずれか1項に記載の抗体又はその抗原結合部位の使用。
- アミロイドβ−関連の病気がアルツハイマー病である、請求項48から50までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
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| JP2001501972A (ja) * | 1997-02-05 | 2001-02-13 | ノースウエスタン ユニバーシティ | アミロイドベータタンパク質(球状アッセンブリーおよびその使用) |
| WO2001010900A2 (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2001-02-15 | University Of Southern California | Globular assembly of amyloid beta protein and uses thereof |
| WO2003104437A2 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2003-12-18 | Northwestern University | Anti-addl antibodies and uses thereof |
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