DE20308351U1 - Water-impenetrable cellar has outer wall slab supported on load-alleviating layer as foundation strip, and inner wall slab is supported on reinforcement of floor slab, with filling material in cavity of foundation strip - Google Patents

Abstract

The water-impenetrable cellar has double wall elements as the outer walls which by the inner wall slabs are supported on the floor slab. The outer wall slab is supported on a load-alleviating layer (1) as a foundation strip, and the inner wall slab is supported on the reinforcement of the floor slab. The cavity (4) of the foundation strip extending beneath the outer walls is filled with a filling material. Individual concrete blocks (3), preferably two per inner wall, are provided for the support of the inner walls (2) under the floor slab.

Description

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Ferdinand Hammerer, May 26, 2003

78655 Dunningen; K/wz

737/03

Waterproof basement Description

The present invention relates to a waterproof basement with double wall elements as external walls, which are supported by the inner wall plate on the floor plate and are manufactured and poured with waterproof concrete together with the floor plate.

From DE 202 19 324 U1 it is known to place double wall elements on double wall elements that act as a floor slab and to pour concrete into the space between them in one pour. In addition, ceiling elements can also be placed on top before pouring and the floor can thus be made in one pour of concrete. This basement floor is also about producing a basement floor that is impermeable to water; a so-called "white tub". The double wall elements consist, as is discussed in detail in the prior art, of prefabricated panels that are connected at the factory by lattice girders to form a double element with a remaining space between them. In the following, the inner wall panel is referred to as the inner panel and the outer wall panel as the outer panel. It is known that a basement or a floor can consist of several such

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Double wall elements are composed as external wall segments. In the following, however, only the singular is used to simplify the description.
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The one-piece construction is an essential measure for creating a waterproof basement. The waterproof types of concrete commonly used today can prevent water from penetrating the concrete to a depth of more than 1.5 cm.

The building floor described in the state of the art already represents an enormous advance in terms of creating a waterproof basement. There is an increased demand for such basements because, on the one hand, these basements can be built in wetlands or in groundwater areas and, on the other hand, the usual drainage around these basements can be omitted. The latter is desired by the authorities, at least in Germany.

The present invention is based on the object of further optimizing the production of such cellars so that the production of the cellars can be carried out at a high quality and at a lower cost than conventional cellars that are not described as waterproof.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a water-impermeable cellar with the features of the device claim. Further advantageous embodiments can be found in the respective dependent claims.

According to the invention, the outer plate rests on a load-bearing layer as a foundation and the inner plate rests on the reinforcement of the floor plate. This represents a significant advance over the state of the art, in which double wall elements are still used as a framework for the floor plate.

with regard to the building elements used for construction as well as for the production of the one-piece connection between the base plate and the side wall.

Another preferred feature of the waterproof cellar according to the invention is the foundation, which is designed as a foundation strip running around the outside walls, the space between this surrounding strip being filled as a foundation with a filling layer, for example made of gravel, earth or lean concrete. When producing insulated cellars, the base for the floor slab is expediently formed by a load-bearing insulation board.

Since the ceiling is to be poured at the same time as the side walls and the floor slab, any partition walls must be installed as prefabricated elements before the ceiling elements are laid down. For this purpose, special supports are provided for the partition walls, which are arranged under the partition walls and supported on additional concrete blocks as a foundation or the load-bearing insulation board. In the area of the floor slab, prefabricated support elements between the side walls and the foundation serve as supports for the partition walls until the concrete hardens.

It is particularly important for a waterproof basement to prevent water from penetrating the hairline cracks that keep forming between the poured concrete and the prefabricated concrete parts, such as the outer slab in particular. To do this, the outer wall slab is designed in such a way that a bitumen-coated sheet running parallel to the ground is cast into the outer wall slab near the lower end. The bitumen-coated sheet protrudes from the surface of the outer wall slab and into the concrete-filled space. If a double wall with internal insulation is used, this bitumen-coated sheet protrudes above the internal insulation. This reliably and easily prevents moisture that has formed between the outer wall and the foundation from penetrating the wall.

or the load-bearing insulation board, can penetrate further into the wall. Alternatively, but more complex and not quite as effective, it is possible to apply a corresponding layer of bitumen rubber between the outer wall and the foundation or the load-bearing insulation board before putting on the double wall, whereby this layer must also extend into the gap accordingly, depending on the width of the sheet.

The manufacturing process involves the following steps:
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A Concreting a peripheral edge as a foundation ring;
B Filling the gap with a filling and smoothing it; C Arranging mat baskets on the foundation and the filling along the foundation without completely covering the foundation;

D Inserting reinforcements into the remaining gap

and placing an upper reinforcement on the mat cages;
E Installation of double wall elements with a larger outer plate and a smaller inner plate with the outer plate on the foundation and the inner plate on the mat baskets;

F Installation of a peripheral barrier layer which is larger than the spread of the concrete used adjacent to the inner walls of the inner slabs facing the basement on the mats;

G Filling the gap between the outer panels and the

Inner panels of the double wall elements with waterproof concrete and at the same time the mat cages and the reinforcement arranged in between to produce a floor slab;
H Smoothing the surface of the base plate.
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In order to be able to produce the ceiling together with the outer walls and the floor slab in one casting, it is advisable to place prefabricated ceiling elements at least on the inner slabs before step G.

Instead of step F, it is preferable to place expanded metal on the mat baskets or to arrange a barrier layer of expanded metal in front of the end resting on the foundation.

When constructing an insulated basement, steps A and B are not necessary, as a load-bearing insulation board is then placed in this place.

The cellar designed according to the invention and the manufacturing process create a possibility that allows for significantly more cost-effective production.

The invention is explained in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and various embodiments. They show:

Figure 1

the top view of the subsoil beneath a floor slab or basement to be constructed;

Figure 2 shows a partial sectional view of a prefabricated basement prepared for pouring concrete;

Figure 3 shows the sectional view through the floor slab prepared for pouring concrete in the area of the interior walls;

Figure 4 different views of a support element for the inner walls;

Figure 5 is a representation corresponding to Figure 2 for an insulated

waterproof basement; and

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Figure 6 shows the side view of two abutting outer panels of two double wall elements with a bitumen-coated band.

Figure 1 shows a surrounding foundation strip 1 which is concreted onto the prepared subsoil in an excavation pit. In addition, concrete blocks 3 are also concreted onto the subsoil at the points where interior walls 2 are to be erected, which later serve as a support for the interior walls. Usually two such concrete blocks 3 are sufficient. The space 4 between the surrounding foundation strip edge 1 is filled with a filling layer of gravel, earth or lean concrete. If a basement is to be insulated with this, load-bearing insulation panels are laid at this point. This corresponding structure is shown in connection with Figure 5.

Figure 2 shows the foundation 1 and the intermediate space 4 filled with a filling layer 32. On this prepared subsurface, surrounding matting baskets 5 for the base plate 30 are laid. These matting baskets are preferably U-shaped, as shown in the figure, and are positioned on the foundation 1 in such a way that they lie on the foundation with the reinforced web 6. Generally known spacers 8 are also placed under the matting basket 5 in order to raise the matting basket 5 and to be able to bear loads, particularly in the area of the web 6. An upper reinforcement 9 is placed on these matting baskets 5 and in the remaining inner base plate area. Additional reinforcement can be introduced inside depending on the application, as is familiar to the expert and appropriate or necessary.

The vertical outer wall 31 is formed by a double wall element 10, which has a larger outer plate 11 and a smaller inner plate 12, which are connected to each other via a reinforcement 13. The double wall element 10 is arranged in such a way that the outer plate 11 rests on the foundation 1 and

the inner plate 12 rests on the leg 7 of the mat basket 5 and is supported by the leg 6. To ensure that the double wall element 10 cannot fall over after it has been erected, the figure shows an assembly iron 14 cast into the foundation so that the space between the assembly iron 14 and the outer plate 11 can be wedged, for example using a wooden wedge 15. To improve the reinforcement within the double wall element 10, the figure also shows a connecting iron 16 cast into the foundation 1. Such measures are familiar to the expert and are part of the usual craft measures.

The figure also shows a prefabricated ceiling element 17, which rests on the inner plate 12 as a self-supporting ceiling and is held by specially designed supports (not shown).

This means that the gap 18 in the double wall element 10 can basically be filled at the same time as the floor area and the ceiling. However, since the concrete poured into the gap 18 has the property of bulging on the other side of the inner slab 12, measures must be taken to prevent this. This can be prevented on the one hand by providing an appropriately designed angle element (not shown here) or, more simply, by using formwork panels arranged at an angle that rest on the inner slab 12 on the one hand and on the upper reinforcement 9 on the other. It is important that the cover parallel to the mat basket is larger than the slump of the waterproof concrete used. The slump of the concrete in such structures is usually no larger than 60 cm. If the specification for the slump of the concrete is smaller, the cover can also be smaller. In the embodiment, an expanded metal 19 is preferably incorporated, which lies on the mat basket 5 but under the upper reinforcement 9 so that it cannot be pushed up. Another basic possibility is to use a corresponding expanded metal (not shown) in

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the gap 18 is to be provided all the way around in front of the web 6. In this case, however, for a proper connection, chisels, also not shown, must be inserted through, since the expanded metal essentially prevents the concrete from penetrating through it.

Figure 2 also shows a special measure for preventing moisture from penetrating through hairline cracks that can occur between the newly poured concrete in the gap 18 and the already existing and hardened outer plate 11. In order to completely prevent moisture from penetrating here, an outer plate 11 is used into which a bitumen-coated sheet 20 is already cast, which extends out from the surface. Since this sheet is cast into the waterproof concrete in the gap 18, moisture can only rise up to this sheet and from there cannot creep further up the outer plate 11. An alternative, but more complex option is to attach a circumferential bitumen rubber layer between the outer plate 11 and the foundation 1, which also extends into the gap 18 and thus prevents moisture from rising.

This bitumen rubber layer 21 is also shown in the figure, these being alternatives that are not usually used simultaneously, although they are shown here in one figure. This is for illustrative purposes only.

After the concrete has been poured, the concrete can be smoothed in the area 24 above the upper reinforcement 9 so that the surface is brought to a state where a screed is not necessary. This is particularly possible because the concrete is poured in one go and a ceiling is already in place, which enables this smoothing to be done even in unfavourable weather conditions.

Figure 3 shows a concrete block 3 with the correspondingly filled gaps 4. On the concrete block 3 there is a support element 21, which consists of a

prefabricated concrete slab 22 and a double-T-beam 23 cast into it, also called an IPE beam. This support element 21 supports the inner wall 2 to be positioned on it as a prefabricated part. The support element 21 is designed in such a way that it remains under the area 24 and, when smoothed, results in a clean connection to the inner wall 2.

Figure 4 shows the top view in Figure 4a and the front view in Figure 4b. If the cellar is built in a groundwater area, sealing strips 25 are glued all the way around the plate 21. In addition, there is a sealing strip 26 along the web of the IPE support 23. Alternatively, a bitumen-coated sheet (similar to the sheet 20) can be arranged on the top of the plate 21, protruding from it.

Figure 5 shows a section through the basement in accordance with Figure 2, but here an internally insulated double wall element 10 is used, which contains an insulating material 27 on the inside of the outer plate 11. Instead of the foundation 1 and the filled gap 4 and the concrete blocks 3, a load-bearing insulating plate 28 is arranged as the base. The other measures are the same as those discussed in connection with Figure 2. It should be noted that in this case the bitumen-coated sheet 20 protrudes correspondingly far from the material 27, or a bitumen rubber layer 29 protrudes correspondingly far into the waterproof concrete.

In Figures 2, 3 and 5, the concrete that is poured in one pour to produce the ceiling, the external walls and the floor slab is not shown for reasons of clarity.

The sealing between the individual outer panels 11 on the outside is achieved in the usual way by a bitumen layer and a suitable cover profile. Figure 6 shows two outer panels 11, however, from the inside with the bitumen-coated sheet 20 protruding from them. The

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The distance between the outer plates 11 is approximately 1 cm. To ensure a tight connection of the sheets 20 in the two outer plates 11, they have a recess 33 into which a tab 34 connecting the two sheets 20 is glued before pouring concrete.
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The measures described above provide a waterproof basement that can be built in a groundwater area, and a thermally insulated basement with internal insulation on the outer wall can now finally be built cost-effectively. 10

Claims (9)

1. Waterproof cellar with double wall elements ( 10 ) as outer walls ( 31 ), which are supported by the inner wall plate ( 12 ) (inner plate) on the floor plate and are manufactured and poured with waterproof concrete together with the floor plate ( 30 ), characterized in that the outer wall plate ( 11 ) (outer plate) is supported on a load-bearing layer ( 1 , 28 ) as a foundation and the inner plate ( 12 ) is supported on the reinforcement ( 5 , 9 ) of the floor plate. 2. Waterproof cellar according to claim 1, characterized in that a foundation strip ( 1 ) running underneath the outer walls is arranged as the foundation and the intermediate space ( 4 ) is filled with a filling layer ( 32 ). 3. Waterproof cellar according to claim 2, characterized in that to support the inner walls ( 2 ) under the floor slab, individual concrete blocks ( 3 ) are arranged as a foundation, preferably two per inner wall. 4. Waterproof cellar according to claim 1, characterized in that a load-bearing insulation board ( 28 ) resting on a leveling layer is provided as the foundation. 5. Waterproof cellar according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that for supporting the inner walls ( 2 ) in the area of the floor slab on the foundation ( 1 , 28 ) individual prefabricated support elements ( 21 ) are arranged, which are cast into the floor slab and covered by a thin layer of concrete ( 24 ). 6. Waterproof cellar according to claim 5, characterized in that the supporting elements ( 21 ) consist of a concrete slab ( 22 ) with a cast-in double-T-beam ( 23 ). 7. Waterproof cellar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement ( 5 , 9 ) of the floor slab adjacent to the inner slab ( 12 ) has a circumferential surface made of expanded metal ( 19 ). 8. Waterproof cellar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer plate ( 11 ) has, near the lower end, a bitumen-coated sheet ( 20 ) which projects from the surface of the outer plate ( 11 ) into the concrete-filled space ( 18 ) between the outer plate ( 11 ) and the inner plate ( 12 ) and runs along the outer plate ( 11 ) parallel to the subsoil. 9. Waterproof cellar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ceiling has prefabricated ceiling elements ( 17 ) which rest on the inner slab ( 12 ) and are concreted together with the outer walls ( 31 ) and the floor slab ( 30 ).