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CN102804191A - 用于在监测血液参数期间监测时间间隔的系统及方法 - Google Patents

用于在监测血液参数期间监测时间间隔的系统及方法 Download PDF

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CN102804191A
CN102804191A CN2011800104607A CN201180010460A CN102804191A CN 102804191 A CN102804191 A CN 102804191A CN 2011800104607 A CN2011800104607 A CN 2011800104607A CN 201180010460 A CN201180010460 A CN 201180010460A CN 102804191 A CN102804191 A CN 102804191A
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汉斯-奥托·麦尔
托斯顿·多恩霍夫
霍斯特·萧莫
马蒂亚斯·裴措特
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B Braun Melsungen AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于分别监测不同病人的血液的至少一个血液参数的系统及方法，包括用于分别建立穿透其皮肤到每个病人的血液的至少一个接入途径的多个接入装置，用于从每个病人转移一定量血液以便分别获得至少一个血液样本的多个转移装置，用于分析血液样本的指定血液参数并生成单独的血液参数的数据集的至少一个血液分析装置，可被共同使用于不同病人的多个血液参数数据集、用于基于单独的血液参数数据集来计算待供给到各个病人的药物的药剂参数的数据集的计算装置，以及用于供给具有计算出的药剂参数的各种药物的多个供给装置。

Description

用于在监测血液参数期间监测时间间隔的系统及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于监测不同病人的血液的至少一个血液参数的系统及方法，根据前述权利要求1和11，具有各自用于穿透他或她的皮肤建立到每个病人的血液的至少一个入口的多个接入装置，各自用于从每个病人提取一定血液量以便分别获得至少一个血液标本的多个提取装置，用于分析血液标本的指定血液参数并生成单独的血液参数数据集的至少一个血液分析装置，可被共同使用于不同病人的多个血液参数数据集以便基于单独的血液参数数据集来计算待供给到各个病人的药物的药剂参数的数据集的计算装置，以及用于供给具有计算出的药剂参数的各种药物的多个供给装置。 
背景技术
通常病人，特别是重症监护病房的病人，通过一个或更多供给装置，例如静脉注射或通过胃管，被供给以药物与适当情况下的人工营养。例如供给装置可为胰岛素供给装置或输液泵，分别维持病人的血液循环中的胰岛素现值处于指定水平，以应对先前测量的病人的血液循环中的血液葡萄糖值。供给装置同样可被用于通过一个营养供给装置直接地或间接地向病人供给营养物的至少一种营养素。 
如此供给装置，即使当被集成到用于供给药物和/或营养素的系统中，预先需要由医生或高级临床人员通过供给装置输入值以便形成供给的基础。例如数量值、进行供给的时间间隔、间歇性供给等在此可被输入作为随后供给例如胰岛素的基础。 
在前述供给之前通常必须从病人提取血液，这常常用手工进行，需要临床人员的介入。而且需要具有例如为输液泵的供给装置的输入功能的必要专业知识的高级临床人员以便接下来进行前述供给。 
这常常导致由于临床人员的介入而发生错误过程的问题。例如可以想到在输入数据到供给装置时以及在血液提取时与进行血液分析时，血液标本被关联到错误的病人并因此产生供给错误药剂的风险。 
此外，如此供给装置，例如输液泵，具有以单位时间的体积（毫升/小时）表示的供给速率。与此不同，在医学中剂量单位被用于提供药物溶液。因此有必要将剂量单位转换成泵的供给速率，这是主治医生的任务。如此转换中的缺点是计算错误常常出现，导致供给速率的 错误输入并因此导致胰岛素错误供给到病人。 
也可以想到剂量单位可被输入到输液泵上。然而，这需要考虑到有关待供给的药物的有效成分的浓度与药物的种类的数据。在给出有效物质的浓度时与输入剂量单位并将其转换成供给速率二者中，预先仅仅考虑到药物的主要有效物质。只有或主要是供给一种特定药物时，这常常是足够的。 
分别用于供给药物溶液混合物到人体的供给装置或发送装置已知有许多种形式。例如已知有装置或系统具有许多输液和/或注射泵，每一个各自提供具有至少一种特定药物有效物质的一种溶液到人体从而得到药物溶液混合物的结果。 
如此输液泵系统常常被使用于需要重症医疗监护的病人。此处输液泵在供给中具有连续与精确药物剂量的性能。为了达到前述泵的剂量上的最佳匹配，前述泵被集成到通常具有中央控制单元、运行单元及报警单元的共有系统中。 
数个泵和/或控制单元的数据联系可被结合到服务器中。适当情况下在附加计算单元/医疗计算机中，这允许甚至两位数的量的不同药物可被匹配到人体并供给以精确的剂量。该数据以硬接线或无线LAN方式被分发到不同输液泵。 
并且在使用服务器的情况下，由于临床人员的介入，常常出现无法保证将确定有关联药剂参数的药物正确关联到属于具有确定的血液参数值的病人的正确的输液泵或多个输液泵的问题。 
而且通过共有服务器，被置于各种病人处并被用于供给前述各种病人的多个泵或发送装置可被分别控制。 
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是提出用于监测不同病人的血液的至少一个血液参数的系统及方法，其中确保了计算出的药剂参数无故障关联到各个供给装置。 
该目的由具有权利要求1的特征的系统及由具有权利要求11的特征的方法达到。 
本发明的必不可少的要点是，在用于监测不同病人的血液的至少一个血液参数的系统中，具有各自用于穿透他或她的皮肤建立到每个病人的血液的至少一个入口的多个接入装置，各自用于从每个病人提取一定血液量以便分别获得至少一个血液标本的多个提取装置，用于分析血液标本的指定血液参数并生成单独的血液参数数据集的至少一个血液分析装置，可被共同使用于不同病人的多个血液参数数据集以便基于单独的血液参数数据集来计算待供给到各个病人的药物的药剂参数的数据集的计算装置，以及用于供给具有计算出的药剂参数的各种 药物的多个供给装置，关联装置被提供用于分别分配用于识别病人的标识码和/或用于指明提取血液样本的时间段的时间段代码给通过计算装置计算出的病人的药剂参数的每个数据集。如此关联装置优选地被置于计算装置内。 
优选地，如此关联装置可被用于确保通过计算装置从血液分析装置获得的血液参数数据集可靠地与正确的标识码和/或正确的时间段代码关联，以便确保生成的药剂参数数据集被发送到可为输液泵的、用于供给胰岛素以应对先前测量出的血液葡萄糖水平的正确的供给装置。这样排除了计算出的药剂参数数据集被传送到错误输液泵且病人因此接受到错误供给，例如在临床人员为了输入数据集到输液泵而介入的情况时。 
而且，时间段代码的关联可确保从同一病人提取数个血液标本时，可保证被发送到与病人关联的输液泵的不是先前计算出的药剂参数数据集，而只是结合选择的病人的标识码的最后计算出的药剂参数数据集。 
优选地，病人的药剂参数的每个数据集可与标识码和时间段代码一并作为共有数据集以硬接线或无线连接方式从计算装置被发送到一个或多个供给装置。由于无线传输，可被置于共有服务器内的计算装置可能与通常作为输液泵被置于医院的不同房间中紧挨着病人的单独的供给装置物理分离。 
至少一个标识元件生成装置优选地被使用于确保每个血液标本，紧接在提取一定血液量后且在供给到血液分析装置之前，可分配有包含血液标本的提取装置上的以条形码、数据矩阵代码和/或电子标签形式表现的标识码和/或时间段代码。 
有利地，用于监测不同病人的血液的至少一个血液参数的方法，包括以下步骤： 
用于分别监测不同病人（1、2、3）的血液的至少一个血液参数的方法，包括以下步骤： 
通过多个接入装置（1a、2a、3a）分别建立到每个病人（1、2、3）的血液的至少一个入口； 
通过多个提取装置（1b、2b、3b）从每个病人（1-3）提取（30）一定血液量以便分别获得至少一个血液标本； 
通过可被用于不同病人（1-3）的血液标本的多个血液分析装置（7、9）分析（32）血液标本的指定血液参数； 
通过共有计算装置（15），基于分析的血液的确定参数的数据集来计算（35）待供给到各个病人的药物的药剂参数；以及 
通过多个供给装置（19、20、21）供给（37）具有计算出的药剂参数的各种药物， 
其中用于识别病人的标识码和/或用于指明进行血液提取的时间段的时间段代码分别通 过关联装置（11）与通过血液分析装置（7、9）确定的病人（1-3）（33）的分析的血液的参数的每个数据集关联。 
在如此方法中，分析的血液的确定参数的每个数据集与标识码和时间段代码一并作为共有数据集以无线或硬接线方式从血液分析装置（7、9）被传送到一个或多个供给装置（19、20、21）。 
附图说明
更多较佳实施例可由从属权利要求以及下面结合附图的说明而得出，其中： 
图1为根据本发明的系统的一个实施例的按功能顺序显示的示意图，以及 
图2为根据本发明的方法的一个实施例的流程图。 
具体实施方式
从图1所示，很明显通过血液提取系统（例如分别包含针头1a、2a及3a的注射器1b、2b、3b）从总共三名医院病人1、2、3提取血液。每个病人在他的手臂上有臂带1c、2c、3c，其上例如通过条形码、数据矩阵代码或电子标签载有病人特有的数据。前述数据例如可为病人的标识码。 
一旦通过血液提取系统1b、2b及3b提取到血液标本，前述标本容器（例如注射器）按照传送路径4、5及6被传送到血液分析装置7。 
同时或在此之前，通过条形码或数据矩阵代码读取器26或用于电子标签的读取单元，病人1、2、3的臂带1c、2c及3c上的代码被读取，且相应的条形码或数据矩阵代码通过条形码或数据矩阵代码生成装置25或通过用于电子标签的写入单元被打印出或写入电子标签。前述条形码或数据矩阵代码或前述电子标签从外部被粘贴到各个标本容器（例如注射器）。 
在到达血液分析装置7时，前述条形码、数据矩阵代码和/或电子标签通过读取单元7a被读取且血液标本在同一时间进入血液分析装置。 
随后在血液分析装置7内从读取单元7到分析单元9的数据传输，正如由参考标号8所示，导致标识码和时间段代码被传送到分析单元且按照参考标号10被传送到关联装置11，其中同时在分析单元9内进行血液标本的分析以便确定预先指定的血液参数。 
由分析单元生成的血液参数数据集以无线或硬接线方式通过共有线路10被传送到计算装置15的接收单元11。正如由参考标号8a所示，该接收单元还接收关于标识码和时间段代码的数据。标识码数据和时间段代码数据以及血液参数数据集都被接收单元11传递到从传送 的血液参数数据集计算为了供给药物必须确定的药剂参数数据集的计算单元12。 
接着计算单元12将计算出的药剂参数数据集传递到可将传送的标识码和/或时间段代码之一分配给每个计算出的药剂参数数据集的关联装置13。 
此外通过键盘14a或类似输入装置，更多参数可被输入到记忆单元14中或甚至通过与接收单元11通讯，为各个血液参数数据集相应传送的标识码和时间段代码可被修正。接着被进一步传送到用于正确关联到计算出的药剂参数数据集的关联装置13。 
按照参考标号16、17及18，将计算出的药剂参数的数据集与标识码和/或时间段代码组成的共有数据集传送到基于标识码和时间段代码选择的关联的供给装置19、20及21，该供给装置如参考标号22、23及24所示的作为输液泵供给例如为胰岛素的药物到各个病人1、2、3。 
根据图2的流程图中，显示了根据本发明的一个实施例的方法。 
显然如图所示，在初始步骤30中从数个病人提取到的血液标本接着被读入血液分析装置（步骤31）。 
按照步骤32分析血液标本之后，在步骤33中由集合血液分析产生的血液参数数据集被传送到计算装置。 
在计算装置中，按照步骤34为各个血液参数的数据集计算药剂参数的数据集以便接着在步骤35中允许标识码和时间段代码与药剂参数的各个数据集关联从而生成共有数据集。 
按照步骤36将共有数据集传送到关联的输液泵后，药物在步骤37中被供给。 
参考标号38显示了在预先指定的时间段后，按照步骤30有更多血液样本被提取且从而得到闭合循环。 
本申请文件中揭露的、相对于现有技术具有新颖性的单独或组合中的所有特征均被要求为本发明必要的。 
参考标号列表 
1病人1 
1a用于病人1的针头 
1b用于病人1的注射器 
1c用于病人1的臂带 
2病人2 
2a用于病人2的针头 
2b用于病人2的注射器 
2c用于病人2的臂带 
3病人3 
3a用于病人3的针头 
3b用于病人3的注射器 
3c用于病人3的臂带 
4传送路径 
5传送路径 
6传送路径 
7血液分析装置 
7a读取单元 
8数据传输 
9分析单元 
10共有线路 
11接收单元 
12计算单元 
13关联装置 
14记忆单元 
14a键盘 
15计算装置 
16传送药剂参数到输液泵 
17传送药剂参数到输液泵 
18传送药剂参数到输液泵 
19供给装置 
20供给装置 
21供给装置 
22供给正确剂量的胰岛素 
23供给正确剂量的胰岛素 
24供给正确剂量的胰岛素 
25条形码或数据矩阵代码生成单元 
26数据矩阵代码读取器 
30提取一定血液量 
31在血液分析装置中读取血液标本 
32分析血液标本 
33传送血液参数数据集 
34计算药剂参数 
35关联药剂参数的代码 
36传送药剂参数到输液泵 
37供给药物 
38方法的循环 

Claims (12)

1.用于监测不同病人（1、2、3）的血液的至少一个血液参数的系统，包括：
各自用于穿透他或她的皮肤建立到每个病人（1、2、3）的血液的至少一个入口的多个接入装置（1a、2a、3a）；
各自用于从每个病人（1-3）提取一定血液量以便分别获得至少一个血液标本的多个提取装置（1b、2b、3b）；
用于分析所述血液标本的指定血液参数并生成单独的血液参数数据集的至少一个血液分析装置（7、9）；
可被共同使用于不同病人的多个血液参数数据集以便基于所述单独的血液参数数据集来计算待供给到所述各个病人（1-3）的药物的药剂参数的数据集的计算装置（15）；以及
用于供给具有所述计算出的药剂参数的所述各种药物的多个供给装置（19-21），
其特征在于：还包括用于分别分配用于识别病人的标识码和/或用于指明提取所述血液样本的时间段的时间段代码给通过所述计算装置（15）计算出的病人（1-3）的所述药剂参数的每个数据集的关联装置（13）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于：所述关联装置（13）被置于所述计算装置（15）中。
3.根据以上任一权利要求所述的系统，其特征在于：病人的药剂参数的每个数据集与所述标识码和时间段代码一并作为共有数据集以硬接线连接或无线方式从所述计算装置（15）被发送到一个或多个所述供给装置（19、20、21）。
4.根据以上任一权利要求所述的系统，其特征在于：还包括至少一个标识元件生成装置（25），紧接在提取所述一定血液量后且在供给到所述血液分析装置（7、9）之前，每个血液标本可通过所述标识元件生成装置（25）被关联到包含所述血液标本的所述提取装置上的、以条形码、数据矩阵代码和/或电子标签形式表现的所述标识码和/或所述时间段代码。
5.根据以上任一权利要求所述的系统，其特征在于：所述血液分析装置（7、9）包括用于读取所述条形码、数据矩阵代码和/或电子标签的读取单元（7a）。
6.根据权利要求5所述的系统，其特征在于：所述血液分析装置（7、9）与连接到所述供给装置（19-21）用于数据传输的计算装置（15）相连接。
7.根据以上任一权利要求所述的系统，其特征在于：所述药剂参数的所述数据集被加密。
8.根据以上任一权利要求所述的系统，其特征在于：所述提取装置为注射器或血液提取管，其上的血液接收容器或在其外部与其相连接的血液接收容器与所述条形码、数据矩阵代码和/或电子标签相连接。
9.根据权利要求3-7中任一个所述的系统，其特征在于：在所述共有数据集内，具有所述标识码和所述时间段代码的数据的所述药剂参数的所述数据集被频率调制和/或振幅调制。
10.根据权利要求3-7中任一个所述的系统，其特征在于：所述共有数据集以二进制编码存在。
11.用于分别监测不同病人（1、2、3）的血液的至少一个血液参数的方法，包括以下步骤：
通过多个接入装置（1a、2a、3a）穿透他或她的皮肤分别建立到每个病人（1、2、3）的血液的至少一个入口；
通过多个提取装置（1b、2b、3b），从每个病人（1-3）提取（30）一定血液量以便分别获得至少一个血液标本；
通过血液分析装置（7、9）分析（32）所述血液标本的指定血液参数并生成单独的血液参数数据集；
通过可被共同使用于不同病人（1-3）的多个血液参数数据集的计算装置（15）基于所述单独的血液参数数据集来计算（34）待供给到所述各个病人的药物的药剂参数的数据集；以及
通过多个供给装置（19-21）供给（36）具有所述计算出的药剂参数的所述各种药物，
其特征在于：还包括通过关联装置（13）将用于识别病人的标识码和/或用于指明进行所述血液提取的时间段的时间段代码分别关联到通过所述计算装置（15）计算出的病人（1-3）的所述药剂参数的每个数据集。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于：特定病人的药剂参数的每个数据集与所述标识码和时间段代码一并作为共有数据集以硬接线连接或无线方式通过所述计算装置（15）被传送到一个或多个供给装置（19-21）。
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