AR127139A1 - Inhibidores de lpxc y usos de estos - Google Patents
Inhibidores de lpxc y usos de estosInfo
- Publication number
- AR127139A1 AR127139A1 ARP220102572A ARP220102572A AR127139A1 AR 127139 A1 AR127139 A1 AR 127139A1 AR P220102572 A ARP220102572 A AR P220102572A AR P220102572 A ARP220102572 A AR P220102572A AR 127139 A1 AR127139 A1 AR 127139A1
- Authority
- AR
- Argentina
- Prior art keywords
- cr3r4
- cycloalkyl
- alkyl
- membered heterocycloalkyl
- phenyl
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6558—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system
- C07F9/65583—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system each of the hetero rings containing nitrogen as ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
- A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
- A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/66—Phosphorus compounds
- A61K31/675—Phosphorus compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pyridoxal phosphate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/02—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of urine or of the urinary tract, e.g. urine acidifiers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
En el presente documento, se proporcionan compuestos inhibidores de LPXC, así como composiciones farmacéuticas que comprenden dichos compuestos y métodos de uso de estos en el tratamiento de enfermedades que se beneficiarían con un tratamiento con un inhibidor de LPXC, incluidas infecciones por bacterias gramnegativas tales como infecciones del tracto urinario y similares. Reivindicación 1: Un compuesto que tiene la estructura de fórmula (1), o una sal farmacéuticamente aceptable de este, o solvato farmacéuticamente aceptable de este, caracterizado porque: P¹ es -P(=O)(OR¹)₂, -(CR³R⁴)-O-P(=O)(OR¹)₂, -S(=O)₂OR¹, -(CR³R⁴)-O-S(=O)₂OR¹, -S(=O)₂R², -(CR³R⁴)-O-S(=O)₂R², -C(=O)R², -(CR³R⁴)-O-C(=O)R², -C(=O)OR², -(CR³R⁴)-O-C(=O)OR², -C(=O)-O-(CR³R⁴)-O-C(=O)R², -C(=O)NR⁵R⁶ o el resto de fórmula (2); cada R¹ es independientemente hidrógeno, alquilo C₁-C₄, cicloalquilo C₃-C₆, heterocicloalquilo de 4 a 6 miembros, fenilo o heteroarilo monocíclico; cada R² es independientemente alquilo C₁-C₄, cicloalquilo C₃-C₆, heterocicloalquilo de 4 a 6 miembros, fenilo o heteroarilo monocíclico; R³ y R⁴ son cada uno independientemente hidrógeno, alquilo C₁-C₄, cicloalquilo C₃-C₆, heterocicloalquilo de 4 a 6 miembros, fenilo o heteroarilo monocíclico; R⁵ y R⁶ son independientemente hidrógeno, alquilo C₁-C₄, cicloalquilo C₃-C₆, heterocicloalquilo de 4 a 6 miembros, fenilo o heteroarilo monocíclico, o R⁵ y R⁶ se toman junto con el átomo de nitrógeno al que están unidos para formar un heterocicloalquilo de 4 a 6 miembros que no está sustituido o está sustituido con 1, 2 o 3 sustituyentes seleccionados del grupo que consiste en alquilo C₁-C₄, fluoroalquilo C₁-C₄, cicloalquilo C₃-C₆ y heterocicloalquilo de 4 a 6 miembros. Reivindicación 27: Un compuesto que es un profármaco del Compuesto (A) o una sal farmacéuticamente aceptable de este, o solvato farmacéuticamente aceptable de este, caracterizado porque: el grupo del profármaco está unido a un grupo hidroxi o amino del Compuesto (A); y donde la porción del profármaco comprende un fosfato, sulfonato, sulfato, éster, carbonato o carbamato.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US202163249166P | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AR127139A1 true AR127139A1 (es) | 2023-12-20 |
Family
ID=85783440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ARP220102572A AR127139A1 (es) | 2021-09-28 | 2022-09-26 | Inhibidores de lpxc y usos de estos |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US12187754B2 (es) |
| EP (1) | EP4408853A4 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP2024536864A (es) |
| KR (1) | KR20240097839A (es) |
| CN (1) | CN118302429A (es) |
| AR (1) | AR127139A1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU2022357226A1 (es) |
| CA (1) | CA3233328A1 (es) |
| IL (1) | IL311588A (es) |
| MX (1) | MX2024003859A (es) |
| TW (1) | TW202322818A (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2023055686A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SG11202102712WA (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2021-04-29 | Forge Therapeutics Inc | Antibacterial compounds |
| CA3233328A1 (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2023-04-06 | Min Teng | Lpxc inhibitors and uses thereof |
Family Cites Families (54)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1087725C (zh) | 1994-03-25 | 2002-07-17 | 同位素技术有限公司 | 用氘代方法增强药物效果 |
| US6334997B1 (en) | 1994-03-25 | 2002-01-01 | Isotechnika, Inc. | Method of using deuterated calcium channel blockers |
| US5543534A (en) | 1994-12-29 | 1996-08-06 | Allergan | Acetylenes disubstituted with a 5 substituted tetrahydronaphthyl group and with an aryl or heteroaryl groups having retinoid-like biological activity |
| US6458373B1 (en) | 1997-01-07 | 2002-10-01 | Sonus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Emulsion vehicle for poorly soluble drugs |
| US6699849B1 (en) | 1998-02-23 | 2004-03-02 | Cyclops, Ehf. | Cyclodextrin complexes of benzodiazepines |
| US6875619B2 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2005-04-05 | Motorola, Inc. | Microfluidic devices comprising biochannels |
| US20050009101A1 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2005-01-13 | Motorola, Inc. | Microfluidic devices comprising biochannels |
| EP2181985B1 (en) | 2001-08-10 | 2011-10-26 | Shionogi & Co., Ltd. | Antiviral Agent |
| AU2002365611A1 (en) | 2001-12-05 | 2003-06-17 | F. Hoffmann - La Roche Ag | Inflammation modulators |
| EP1469829B1 (en) | 2002-02-01 | 2016-01-27 | Bend Research, Inc | Immediate release dosage forms containing solid drug dispersions |
| ES2387803T3 (es) | 2003-01-08 | 2012-10-02 | Novartis Vaccines And Diagnostics, Inc. | Agentes antibacterianos |
| TW200510425A (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2005-03-16 | Japan Tobacco Inc | Nitrogen-containing fused ring compound and use thereof as HIV integrase inhibitor |
| TW200526635A (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2005-08-16 | Shionogi & Co | Hydroxypyrimidinone derivative having HIV integrase inhibitory activity |
| EP1755586A2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2007-02-28 | The Regents of the University of California | Hydroxypyridinone, hydroxypyridinethione, pyrone, and thiopyrone metalloprotein inhibitors |
| WO2005110399A2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-11-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Zinc-binding groups for metalloprotein inhibitors |
| US7998961B2 (en) | 2006-08-31 | 2011-08-16 | Schering Corporation | Hydantoin derivatives useful as antibacterial agents |
| AU2007307990A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-17 | Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V. | Heterocyclic derived metalloprotease inhibitors |
| CA2691987C (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2016-08-16 | Achaogen, Inc. | Antibacterial agents |
| US8871728B2 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2014-10-28 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Non-peptide macrocyclic histone deacetylese (HDAC) inhibitors and methods of making and using thereof |
| WO2010059838A2 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Decode Genetics Ehf | Pde4 inhibitors selective for the long form of pde4 for treating inflammation and avoiding side effects |
| IT1392249B1 (it) | 2008-11-28 | 2012-02-22 | Univ Degli Studi Urbino | Derivati di [(3-idrossi-4-piron-2-il)metil]-amina e loro uso come farmaci anti-neoplastici |
| WO2010100475A1 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-10 | Astrazeneca Ab | Hydroxamic acid derivatives as gram-negative antibacterial agents |
| WO2012151567A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2012-11-08 | St. Jude Children's Research Hospital | Pyrimidinone compounds and methods for preventing and treating influenza |
| KR20180095108A (ko) | 2011-06-19 | 2018-08-24 | 비아멧 파마슈티컬즈(엔씨), 인코포레이티드 | 금속효소 억제제 화합물 |
| WO2013151923A1 (en) | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-10 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Pyrimidinone carboxamides as inhibitors of endothelial lipase |
| US10130714B2 (en) | 2012-04-14 | 2018-11-20 | Academia Sinica | Enhanced anti-influenza agents conjugated with anti-inflammatory activity |
| RU2015107803A (ru) | 2012-08-06 | 2016-09-27 | Савира Фармасьютикалз Гмбх | Производные дигидроксипиримидинкарбоновой кислоты и их применение в лечении, облегчении или предотвращении вирусного заболевания |
| AU2014209107B2 (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2018-04-12 | Viamet Pharmaceuticals (NC), Inc. | Metalloenzyme inhibitor compounds |
| WO2014160649A1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-02 | Novartis Ag | Hydroxamic acid derivatives as lpxc inhibitors for the treatment of bacterial infections |
| WO2015024010A2 (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2015-02-19 | Duke University | Substituted hydroxamic acid compounds |
| WO2015085238A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-11 | The Regents Of The University Of California, A California Corporation | Inhibitors of lpxc |
| WO2015099107A1 (ja) | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-02 | 塩野義製薬株式会社 | 含窒素6員環誘導体およびそれらを含有する医薬組成物 |
| SG11201701956TA (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2017-04-27 | Toyama Chemical Co Ltd | Novel pharmaceutical composition containing hydroxamic acid derivative or salt thereof |
| JP6697466B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-16 | 2020-05-20 | ノバルティス アーゲー | LpxC阻害剤としてのイソオキサゾールヒドロキサム酸化合物 |
| CN105777464B (zh) | 2014-12-26 | 2020-09-29 | 中国科学院上海药物研究所 | 异羟肟酸衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
| ES2909122T3 (es) | 2015-11-09 | 2022-05-05 | Forge Therapeutics Inc | Compuestos a base de hidroxipiridinona e hidroxipirimidinona para el tratamiento de infecciones bacterianas |
| US10611747B2 (en) | 2015-11-09 | 2020-04-07 | Forge Therapeutics, Inc. | Pyrone based compounds for treating bacterial infections |
| CN105669750B (zh) * | 2016-03-01 | 2018-04-03 | 中国医学科学院医药生物技术研究所 | 新型锌离子螯合剂及其制备和在抗革兰氏阴性菌感染中的应用 |
| US10889556B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2021-01-12 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Compositions and methods for inhibiting influenza RNA polymerase PA endonuclease |
| AU2017380070B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2022-03-10 | Intervet International B.V. | Compounds useful for treating a Mannheimia haemolytica or Histophilus somni infection |
| WO2018143162A1 (ja) * | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-09 | 富山化学工業株式会社 | ヒドロキサム酸のプロドラッグである化合物またはその塩、凍結乾燥製剤、LpxC阻害剤および抗菌剤 |
| EP3621961A4 (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2020-09-09 | Forge Therapeutics, Inc. | Antibacterial compounds |
| WO2018208985A2 (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-15 | Forge Therapeutics, Inc. | Antibacterial compounds |
| WO2019086452A1 (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-09 | Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd | Antibacterial heteroaromatic compounds |
| US11498909B2 (en) | 2018-02-10 | 2022-11-15 | Kbp Biosciences Co., Ltd. | Compound acting as antibiotics |
| SG11202102712WA (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2021-04-29 | Forge Therapeutics Inc | Antibacterial compounds |
| WO2020102572A1 (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2020-05-22 | Forge Therapeutics, Inc. | Antibacterial compounds |
| US11731962B2 (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2023-08-22 | Blacksmith Medicines, Inc. | LpxC inhibitor and methods of making |
| WO2021195258A1 (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2021-09-30 | Forge Therapeutics, Inc. | Lpxc inhibitor, formulations, and uses thereof |
| US20230382891A1 (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2023-11-30 | Blacksmith Medicines, Inc. | Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase like (qpctl) protein inhibitors and uses thereof |
| US20240166609A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 | 2024-05-23 | Blacksmith Medicines, Inc. | Antibacterial compounds |
| CA3233328A1 (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2023-04-06 | Min Teng | Lpxc inhibitors and uses thereof |
| EP4568955A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 | 2025-06-18 | Blacksmith Medicines, Inc. | Antibacterial compounds |
| TW202417437A (zh) | 2022-08-10 | 2024-05-01 | 美商布萊克史密斯醫藥公司 | 抗菌化合物 |
-
2022
- 2022-09-26 CA CA3233328A patent/CA3233328A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-26 MX MX2024003859A patent/MX2024003859A/es unknown
- 2022-09-26 KR KR1020247013555A patent/KR20240097839A/ko active Pending
- 2022-09-26 TW TW111136418A patent/TW202322818A/zh unknown
- 2022-09-26 CN CN202280077994.XA patent/CN118302429A/zh active Pending
- 2022-09-26 AR ARP220102572A patent/AR127139A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2022-09-26 AU AU2022357226A patent/AU2022357226A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-26 EP EP22877185.3A patent/EP4408853A4/en active Pending
- 2022-09-26 JP JP2024518830A patent/JP2024536864A/ja active Pending
- 2022-09-26 WO PCT/US2022/044710 patent/WO2023055686A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2022-09-26 IL IL311588A patent/IL311588A/en unknown
-
2024
- 2024-03-26 US US18/616,636 patent/US12187754B2/en active Active
- 2024-11-25 US US18/958,407 patent/US20250230180A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20240097839A (ko) | 2024-06-27 |
| EP4408853A1 (en) | 2024-08-07 |
| JP2024536864A (ja) | 2024-10-08 |
| AU2022357226A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
| US12187754B2 (en) | 2025-01-07 |
| EP4408853A4 (en) | 2025-08-27 |
| IL311588A (en) | 2024-05-01 |
| US20240270773A1 (en) | 2024-08-15 |
| TW202322818A (zh) | 2023-06-16 |
| US20250230180A1 (en) | 2025-07-17 |
| MX2024003859A (es) | 2024-05-21 |
| CA3233328A1 (en) | 2023-04-06 |
| WO2023055686A1 (en) | 2023-04-06 |
| CN118302429A (zh) | 2024-07-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AR127139A1 (es) | Inhibidores de lpxc y usos de estos | |
| AR117139A1 (es) | Derivados de piridooxazinona como inhibidores de monoacilglicerol ligasa (magl) | |
| AR119943A1 (es) | Compuestos heterocíclicos | |
| CO5700720A2 (es) | Derivados de n-(quinolin-5l) alquilamida-sustituida; n-alquilquinolin-5-carboxamida-sustituida; n-alquilisoquinolin-5-carboxamida-sustituida; n-(isoquinolin-5-yl) alquilamida-sustituida y procesos para su preparacion | |
| AR087830A1 (es) | Derivados de isotiazolina como compuestos insecticidas | |
| AR120029A1 (es) | Compuestos heterocíclicos | |
| AR087792A1 (es) | Compuestos heterociclicos tetraciclicos y metodos para el uso de los mismos en el tratamiento de enfermedades virales | |
| AR097199A1 (es) | Inhibidores de rorc2 y sus métodos de uso | |
| AR117229A1 (es) | Compuestos heteroaromáticos como inhibidores de vanina | |
| AR121985A1 (es) | Compuestos de azalactama como inhibidores de hpk1 | |
| AR121356A1 (es) | Compuestos antivirales | |
| AR128432A1 (es) | Tetrahidropiridopirimidinas y análogos relacionados para la inhibición de yap / taz-tead | |
| AR128440A1 (es) | Inhibidores de cinasas raf | |
| AR123582A1 (es) | Triazinonas inhibidores de la producción de inflamasoma de nlrp3 | |
| AR117989A1 (es) | Inhibidores de o-glucoproteína-2-acetamido-2-desoxi-3-d-glucopiranosidasa de éter bicíclico | |
| PE20241186A1 (es) | Compuestos de cd73 | |
| AR113980A1 (es) | Método para mejorar la biodisponibilidad oral de una droga | |
| AR124582A1 (es) | Compuestos de aminotiazol como inhibidores de c-kit | |
| AR119980A1 (es) | Composiciones nematicidas | |
| AR125448A1 (es) | Moduladores de trex1 | |
| AR127185A1 (es) | Compuestos de pirazolopiridina como inhibidores de tam | |
| AR128100A1 (es) | Compuestos para el tratamiento de la pérdida del cabello | |
| AR110252A1 (es) | Compuestos heterocíclicos fusionados como inhibidores de la quinasa cam | |
| AR123766A1 (es) | Compuestos y composiciones para el tratamiento de la criptosporidiosis | |
| AR130204A2 (es) | Composición farmacéutica líquida |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FA | Abandonment or withdrawal |