WO2017170861A1 - 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラスシステム - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラスシステム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017170861A1 WO2017170861A1 PCT/JP2017/013224 JP2017013224W WO2017170861A1 WO 2017170861 A1 WO2017170861 A1 WO 2017170861A1 JP 2017013224 W JP2017013224 W JP 2017013224W WO 2017170861 A1 WO2017170861 A1 WO 2017170861A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- laminated glass
- interlayer film
- layer
- heat generating
- laminated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
- B32B17/1022—Metallic coatings
- B32B17/10229—Metallic layers sandwiched by dielectric layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10678—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising UV absorbers or stabilizers, e.g. antioxidants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10779—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyester
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/202—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/302—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/22—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
Definitions
- the present invention has a heat generating layer and a resin layer laminated on the heat generating layer, generates heat by applying a voltage, warms frozen glass, melts frost and ice, and generates corrosion.
- the present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass that can be prevented, a laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass, and the laminated glass system.
- Laminated glass is excellent in safety because it has less scattering of glass fragments even if it is damaged by external impact. For this reason, it is widely used for automobiles and buildings.
- the performance required for laminated glass has also diversified, and a technique for heating a laminated glass itself to warm a frozen window glass and melting frost and ice has been studied.
- a method for heating the laminated glass itself a method is considered in which a conductive film is formed on the glass surface of the laminated glass and the laminated glass is warmed by heat generated from resistance during energization.
- Laminated glass on which such a conductive film is formed is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 and the like.
- the present invention has a heat generating layer and a resin layer laminated on the heat generating layer, generates heat by applying a voltage, warms frozen glass, can melt frost and ice, and
- An object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass that can prevent the occurrence of corrosion, a laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass, and the laminated glass system.
- the present invention is an interlayer film for laminated glass having a heat generating layer and a first resin layer laminated on the first surface side of the heat generating layer, wherein metal oxide is formed on at least one surface of the heat generating layer. It is an interlayer film for laminated glass on which a physical layer is laminated. The present invention is described in detail below.
- the present inventor has studied a method for preventing the occurrence of corrosion in an interlayer film for laminated glass having a heat generating layer and a resin layer laminated on the surface thereof. As a result, it has been found that the occurrence of corrosion can be prevented by laminating a metal oxide layer on at least one surface of the heat generating layer, and the present invention has been completed.
- a metal oxide layer in order to obtain sufficient heat generation when a voltage is applied, a single layer or multiple layers of heat generation layers made of a metal having a low electrical resistivity such as gold, silver, copper, etc. are usually used. In the heat generating layer made of these metals, it is considered that corrosion occurs due to aggregation of the metals. It is thought that by laminating a metal oxide layer on at least one surface of the heat generating layer, aggregation of metal in the heat generating layer can be suppressed and the occurrence of corrosion can be prevented.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention has a heat generating layer and a first resin layer laminated on the first surface of the heat generating layer.
- the heat generating layer generates heat by applying a voltage, warms the frozen glass, and melts frost and ice.
- the heat generating layer preferably has a surface resistivity of 10 ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- the heat generating layer having a surface resistivity of 10 ⁇ / ⁇ or less can sufficiently generate heat by applying a voltage, warm the frozen glass, and melt frost and ice.
- the heat generating layer is composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers made of a metal having a low electrical resistivity such as gold, silver, copper, or platinum. Due to these metals having low electrical resistivity, sufficient heat generation can be obtained when a voltage is applied.
- a metal having a low electric resistivity means a metal or alloy having an electric resistivity of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 ⁇ m or less.
- examples of the metal or alloy having an electrical resistivity of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 ⁇ m or more and less than 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ m include platinum, iron, tin, chromium, lead, titanium, mercury, stainless steel, and the like. .
- the metal or alloy having an electrical resistivity of less than 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 ⁇ m examples include gold, silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, tungsten, cobalt, zinc, nickel, potassium, lithium, brass, and the like.
- the said heat generating layer consists of an alloy containing at least 2 or more types of metals selected from the group which consists of gold
- the occurrence of corrosion can be particularly prevented.
- such an alloy include silver, palladium, and copper alloys (for example, APC manufactured by Furuya Metal Co., Ltd.).
- the thickness of the heat generating layer is not particularly limited, and a preferable lower limit is 1 nm and a preferable upper limit is 1000 nm. When the thickness of the heat generating layer is within this range, heat can be generated by applying a voltage to warm the frozen glass and melt frost and ice.
- the more preferable lower limit of the thickness of the heat generating layer is 5 nm, the still more preferable lower limit is 10 nm, the more preferable upper limit is 100 nm, and the still more preferable upper limit is 50 nm.
- the especially preferable minimum of the thickness of the said heat generating layer is 15 nm, and a still more preferable minimum is 20 nm, The most preferable minimum is 25 nm.
- the thickness of each layer which comprises a heat generating layer is 15 nm or more.
- a metal oxide layer is laminated on at least one surface of the heat generating layer.
- the occurrence of corrosion can be prevented by laminating a metal oxide layer on at least one surface of the heat generating layer.
- a metal oxide layer is laminated on both surfaces of the heat generating layer.
- Metal oxides constituting the metal oxide layer is not particularly limited, for example, titanium oxide (TiO 2), niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 5), the group consisting of silicon oxide (SiO 2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) It is preferable to consist of at least one selected from more. Among these, since it has a particularly high anticorrosion effect, it is more preferably made of at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide, niobium oxide and silicon oxide, and more preferably made of titanium oxide or niobium oxide.
- ITO tin dope indium oxide
- ATO antimony dope tin oxide
- FTO fluorine dope tin oxide
- the thickness of the said metal oxide layer is not specifically limited, A preferable minimum is 15 nm and a preferable upper limit is 300 nm. When the thickness of the metal oxide layer is within this range, the occurrence of corrosion can be reliably prevented.
- the more preferable lower limit of the thickness of the metal oxide layer is 20 nm, the more preferable upper limit is 100 nm, the still more preferable lower limit is 25 nm, and the still more preferable upper limit is 80 nm.
- the heat generating layer may be formed by laminating a transparent conductive layer made of tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) or the like on at least one surface.
- a transparent conductive layer made of tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) or the like on at least one surface.
- the thickness of the said transparent conductive layer is not specifically limited, A preferable minimum is 10 nm and a preferable upper limit is 300 nm. The minimum with more preferable thickness of the said transparent conductive layer is 15 nm, and a more preferable upper limit is 100 nm.
- the heat generating layer may be formed on a substrate.
- a uniform heat generating layer can be formed by a sputtering process or the like.
- the base material preferably has a heat shrinkage ratio of 1.0 to 3.5% in both the MD and TD directions after heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes as measured in accordance with JIS C2151.
- a uniform heat generation layer can be formed by a sputtering process or the like, and a difference occurs between the heat generation rate and the first surface due to a difference in heat shrinkage rate when manufacturing laminated glass. Can be prevented, and the adhesion between the heat generating layer and the first resin layer can be improved.
- a more preferable lower limit of the heat shrinkage rate is 1.5%, and a more preferable upper limit is 3.0%.
- MD direction Machine Direction
- TD direction Transverse Direction
- the base material preferably has a Young's modulus of 1 GPa or more.
- the Young's modulus of the substrate is more preferably 1.5 GPa or more, and further preferably 2 GPa or more.
- a preferable upper limit of the Young's modulus of the substrate is 10 GPa.
- the Young's modulus is obtained by obtaining a strain-stress curve at 23 ° C. by a tensile test based on JIS K7127, and indicating the slope of the linear portion of the strain-stress curve.
- the Young's modulus of the 1st resin layer and 2nd resin layer which are mentioned later is generally less than 1 GPa.
- the base material preferably contains a thermoplastic resin.
- thermoplastic resin contained in the base material include chain polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, poly (4-methylpentene-1), polyacetal, ring-opening metathesis polymers or addition polymers of norbornenes, and norbornenes.
- Alicyclic polyolefins such as addition copolymers with other olefins, biodegradable polymers such as polylactic acid and polybutyl succinate, polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 11, nylon 12 and nylon 66, and aramid And polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, styrene copolymerized polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polypropylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene , 6-Naphthalate, polyester, polyethersulfone, polyetheretherketone, modified polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherimide; polyimide, polyarylate, tetrafluoroethylene resin, 3 fluorine Examples thereof include ethylene fluoride resin, ethylene trifluoride chloride resin, ethylene tetrafluoride-6-
- the said base material may contain conventionally well-known additives, such as a ultraviolet-ray shielding agent and antioxidant, as needed.
- a ultraviolet-ray shielding agent examples include metal ultraviolet shielding agents, metal oxide ultraviolet shielding agents, benzotriazole ultraviolet shielding agents, benzophenone ultraviolet shielding agents, triazine ultraviolet shielding agents, malonic ester ultraviolet shielding agents, Conventionally known ultraviolet shielding agents such as oxalic acid anilide ultraviolet shielding agents and benzoate ultraviolet shielding agents can be used.
- antioxidant conventionally well-known antioxidants, such as a phenolic antioxidant, sulfur type antioxidant, phosphorus antioxidant, can be used, for example.
- the thickness of the said base material is not specifically limited, A preferable minimum is 10 micrometers and a preferable upper limit is 200 micrometers.
- a preferable minimum is 10 micrometers and a preferable upper limit is 200 micrometers.
- a uniform heat generation layer can be formed using a sputtering process or the like, and the heat generation layer and the surface of the first resin layer are misaligned during the production of laminated glass. This can be prevented and the adhesion between the heat generating layer and the first resin layer can be further improved.
- the minimum with more preferable thickness of the said base material is 20 micrometers, and a more preferable upper limit is 150 micrometers.
- the method for forming the heat generating layer on the substrate is not particularly limited, and conventionally known methods such as a sputtering process, ion plating, plasma CVD process, vapor deposition process, coating process, and dip process can be used. Among these, a sputtering process is preferable because a uniform heat generation layer can be formed.
- the heat shrinkage rate after heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes measured according to JIS C2151 of the first resin layer and the base material conforming to JIS C2151 is 10% or less.
- the absolute value of the difference from the heat shrinkage rate after heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes measured in the MD and TD directions is 10% or less.
- the absolute value of the difference in thermal shrinkage between the first resin layer and the substrate is more preferably 8% or less.
- the heat shrinkage rate of the first resin layer can be adjusted by the annealing treatment conditions as well as the type of thermoplastic resin constituting the resin layer, the type and amount of the plasticizer.
- the first resin layer preferably contains a thermoplastic resin.
- the thermoplastic resin include polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polytrifluoride ethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyester, polyether, Examples thereof include polyamide, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetal, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
- the first resin layer preferably contains polyvinyl acetal or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and more preferably contains polyvinyl acetal.
- the polyvinyl acetal is not particularly limited as long as it is a polyvinyl acetal obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde, but polyvinyl butyral is preferable. Moreover, you may use together 2 or more types of polyvinyl acetal as needed.
- the preferable lower limit of the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal is 40 mol%, the preferable upper limit is 85 mol%, the more preferable lower limit is 60 mol%, and the more preferable upper limit is 75 mol%.
- the polyvinyl acetal has a preferred lower limit of the hydroxyl group content of 15 mol% and a preferred upper limit of 35 mol%. Adhesiveness between the interlayer film for laminated glass and the glass is increased when the amount of the hydroxyl group is 15 mol% or more. When the hydroxyl group amount is 35 mol% or less, handling of the interlayer film for laminated glass becomes easy.
- the degree of acetalization and the amount of hydroxyl groups can be measured in accordance with, for example, JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”.
- the polyvinyl acetal can be prepared by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- the polyvinyl alcohol is usually obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate, and polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 70 to 99.8 mol% is generally used.
- the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 80 to 99.8 mol%.
- the preferable lower limit of the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 500, and the preferable upper limit is 4000. When the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 500 or more, the penetration resistance of the obtained laminated glass is increased.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass can be easily molded.
- the minimum with a more preferable polymerization degree of the said polyvinyl alcohol is 1000, and a more preferable upper limit is 3600.
- the aldehyde is not particularly limited, but generally an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferably used.
- the aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is not particularly limited.
- n-butyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde, and n-valeraldehyde are preferable, and n-butyraldehyde is more preferable.
- These aldehydes may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the first resin layer preferably contains a plasticizer.
- the plasticizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, phosphoric acid plasticizers such as organic phosphoric acid plasticizers, and organic phosphorous acid plasticizers. Is mentioned.
- the plasticizer is preferably a liquid plasticizer.
- the monobasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited.
- glycol such as triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptylic acid, n-octyl
- glycol esters obtained by reaction with monobasic organic acids such as acid, 2-ethylhexyl acid, pelargonic acid (n-nonyl acid), and decyl acid.
- triethylene glycol dicaproate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-n-octylate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexylate and the like are preferable.
- the polybasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited.
- an ester compound of a polybasic organic acid such as adipic acid, sebacic acid or azelaic acid and an alcohol having a linear or branched structure having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- dibutyl sebacic acid ester, dioctyl azelaic acid ester, dibutyl carbitol adipic acid ester and the like are preferable.
- the organic ester plasticizer is not particularly limited, and triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, triethylene glycol di-n-octanoate, Triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethyl Butyrate, 1,3-propylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di- -Ethylhexanoate, dipropylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate,
- the organophosphate plasticizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecylphenyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphate, and the like.
- the content of the plasticizer in the first resin layer is not particularly limited, but a preferable lower limit with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal is 30 parts by weight, and a preferable upper limit is 90 parts by weight.
- a preferable lower limit with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal is 30 parts by weight, and a preferable upper limit is 90 parts by weight.
- the content of the plasticizer is 30 parts by weight or more, the melt viscosity of the interlayer film for laminated glass is lowered, and the deaeration property when producing the laminated glass is increased.
- the content of the plasticizer is 90 parts by weight or less, the transparency of the interlayer film for laminated glass increases.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said plasticizer is 35 weight part, a more preferable upper limit is 70 weight part, and a still more preferable upper limit is 63 weight part.
- the first resin layer preferably contains an adhesion adjusting agent.
- an adhesion adjusting agent By containing the adhesive strength adjusting agent, the adhesive strength to glass can be adjusted, and a laminated glass excellent in penetration resistance can be obtained.
- an alkali metal salt or alkaline-earth metal salt is used suitably, for example.
- salts, such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, are mentioned, for example.
- the acid constituting the salt include organic acids of carboxylic acids such as octylic acid, hexyl acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, butyric acid, acetic acid and formic acid, or inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
- the first resin layer may contain a heat ray absorbent.
- the heat ray absorber is not particularly limited as long as it has the ability to shield infrared rays, but is tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) particles, antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) particles, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) particles, indium-doped oxide. At least one selected from the group consisting of zinc (IZO) particles, tin-doped zinc oxide particles, silicon-doped zinc oxide particles, lanthanum hexaboride particles and cerium hexaboride particles is preferred.
- the first resin layer may contain conventionally known additives such as an ultraviolet shielding agent, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, and an antistatic agent as necessary.
- the thickness of the said 1st resin layer is not specifically limited, A preferable minimum is 100 micrometers and a preferable upper limit is 500 micrometers. When the thickness of the first resin layer is within this range, sufficient durability can be obtained, and basic qualities such as transparency and penetrability of the obtained laminated glass are satisfied. A more preferable lower limit of the thickness of the first resin layer is 200 ⁇ m, and a more preferable upper limit is 400 ⁇ m.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention preferably further includes a second resin layer laminated on the second surface side opposite to the first surface of the heat generating layer.
- a second resin layer laminated on the second surface side opposite to the first surface of the heat generating layer.
- FIG. 1 the schematic diagram which shows an example of the cross section of the thickness direction of the intermediate film for laminated glasses of this invention was shown.
- an interlayer film 1 for laminated glass is laminated on a heat generating layer 2 formed on a base material 3, a metal oxide layer 4 laminated on both surfaces of the heat generating layer 2, and a first surface side.
- the method for producing the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is not particularly limited, but a method of thermocompression bonding a laminate in which the first resin layer, the heat generating layer, and if necessary, the second resin layer are laminated in this order. Is preferred. Among them, each layer was unwound from a rolled body and laminated, and the obtained laminated body was thermocompression bonded through a heated press roll to obtain an interlayer film for laminated glass, and then obtained. A so-called roll-to-roll method in which the interlayer film for laminated glass is wound into a roll shape is suitable.
- the laminated glass in which the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is laminated between a pair of glass plates is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the said glass plate can use the transparent plate glass generally used. Examples thereof include inorganic glass such as float plate glass, polished plate glass, template glass, netted glass, wire-containing plate glass, colored plate glass, heat ray absorbing glass, heat ray reflecting glass, and green glass. Further, an ultraviolet shielding glass having an ultraviolet shielding coating layer on the glass surface can also be used. Furthermore, organic plastics plates such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and polyacrylate can also be used. Two or more types of glass plates may be used as the glass plate.
- stacked the intermediate film for laminated glasses of this invention between transparent float plate glass and colored glass plates like green glass is mentioned.
- the laminated glass system provided with the laminated glass of this invention and the voltage supply part for applying a voltage to the heat generating layer of the intermediate film for laminated glasses in this laminated glass is also one of this invention.
- the present invention has a heat generating layer and a resin layer laminated on the heat generating layer, generates heat by applying a voltage, warms the frozen glass, melts frost and ice, An interlayer film for laminated glass that can be prevented from being generated, a laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass, and the laminated glass system can be provided.
- Example 1 Preparation of exothermic layer A 50 ⁇ m thick film made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was used as the base material. Sputtering was performed on the above base material using niobium oxide as a target, sputtering power of direct current (DC) 1000 W, atmospheric gas as argon, gas flow rate of 50 sccm, and sputtering pressure of 0.5 Pa, and a niobium oxide layer having a thickness of 50 nm. Formed. Next, sputtering was performed on the niobium oxide layer using a silver target.
- DC direct current
- Sputtering power was direct current (DC) 1000 W
- the atmosphere gas was argon
- the gas flow rate was 50 sccm
- the sputtering pressure was 0.5 Pa
- a 10 nm thick heating layer made of silver was formed.
- the target is niobium oxide
- the sputtering power is direct current (DC) 1000 W
- the atmosphere gas is argon
- the gas flow rate is 50 sccm
- the sputtering pressure is 0.5 Pa.
- a niobium oxide layer was formed.
- the first resin film is prepared by preparing two sheets of the resin film, sandwiching a base material on which a heat generating layer and a niobium oxide layer are formed between the two resin films, and thermocompression bonding.
- An interlayer film for laminated glass having a laminated structure of resin layer / niobium oxide layer / heat generation layer / niobium oxide layer / base material / second resin layer was produced.
- thermocompression bonding roll-to-roll using a thermocompression laminator (“MRK-650Y type” manufactured by MCK Corporation) under the conditions of a heating temperature of 75 ° C., a pressure of 1.0 kN during crimping, and a tension of 20 N during conveyance.
- the roll method was used.
- thermocompression bonding a laminate roll in which the upper and lower rolls are both made of rubber was used.
- Example 2 An interlayer film for laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that titanium oxide or silicon oxide was used instead of niobium oxide.
- Example 4 Example 6
- Example 1-3 Example sputtering was performed using APC (silver / palladium / copper alloy) as a target instead of Ag to form a 10 nm-thick exothermic layer made of APC, and the thickness of the metal oxide layer was changed. In the same manner, an interlayer film for laminated glass was produced.
- APC silver / palladium / copper alloy
- Example 7 A 50 ⁇ m thick film made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was used as the substrate. Sputtering was performed on the base material using titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) as a target. Sputtering was performed with a sputtering power of direct current (DC) 1000 W, an atmospheric gas of argon, a gas flow rate of 50 sccm, and a sputtering pressure of 0.5 Pa to form a titanium oxide layer having a thickness of 80 nm. Next, sputtering was performed on the titanium oxide layer with a target of silver.
- DC direct current
- Sputtering power was direct current (DC) 1000 W
- the atmosphere gas was argon
- the gas flow rate was 50 sccm
- the sputtering pressure was 0.5 Pa
- a heat generating layer made of silver and having a thickness of 25 nm was formed.
- sputtering was performed on the heat generating layer by using titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) as a target.
- Sputtering was performed with a sputtering power of direct current (DC) 1000 W, an atmospheric gas of argon, a gas flow rate of 50 sccm, and a sputtering pressure of 0.5 Pa to form a titanium oxide layer having a thickness of 80 nm.
- the obtained interlayer film for laminated glass was cut into a size of 30 cm long ⁇ 30 cm wide. Also, two clear glasses (length 30 cm ⁇ width 30 cm ⁇ thickness 2.5 mm) were prepared. The obtained intermediate film was sandwiched between the two clear glasses, held at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes with a vacuum laminator, and vacuum pressed to obtain a laminate. In the laminated body, the intermediate film portion protruding from the glass plate was cut off to obtain a laminated glass. The obtained laminated glass was subjected to corrosion evaluation under conditions of 80 ° C. and 90% RH using a constant temperature and humidity oven (manufactured by ESPEC).
- the produced laminated glass was installed in the oven, and the appearance for each elapsed time was visually determined. This time, the interlayer film for laminated glass after 1 day, 7 days, and 14 days was observed. ⁇ : No appearance defect (spot pattern due to aggregates, etc.) ⁇ : Appearance defect (spot pattern due to aggregates, etc.) occurred
- the present invention has a heat generating layer and a resin layer laminated on the heat generating layer, generates heat by applying a voltage, warms the frozen glass, melts frost and ice, An interlayer film for laminated glass that can be prevented from being generated, a laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass, and the laminated glass system can be provided.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
近年、合わせガラスに求められる性能も多様化し、合わせガラス自体を加熱することにより、凍結した窓ガラスを暖め、霜や氷を溶かす技術が検討されている。
合わせガラス自体を加熱する方法の1つとして、合わせガラスのガラス面に導電膜を形成し、通電時の抵抗に由来する発熱によって合わせガラスを暖める方法が検討されている。このような導電膜を形成した合わせガラスは、例えば、特許文献1等に開示されている。
以下に本発明を詳述する。
発熱層としては、電圧を印加したときに充分な発熱を得るために、通常、金、銀、銅等の電気抵抗率が低い金属からなる単層又は複層の発熱層が用いられる。これらの金属からなる発熱層では、金属が凝集することにより、コロージョンが発生するものと思われる。発熱層の少なくとも一方の表面上に金属酸化物層を積層することにより、発熱層における金属の凝集を抑制して、コロージョンの発生を防止できるのではないかと考えられる。
上記発熱層は、電圧を印加することにより発熱して、凍結したガラスを暖め、霜や氷を溶かす役割を有する。
上記発熱層は、表面抵抗率が10Ω/□以下であることが好ましい。表面抵抗率が10Ω/□以下である発熱層は、電圧を印加することにより充分に発熱して、凍結したガラスを暖め、霜や氷を溶かすことができる。
本明細書において電気抵抗率が低い金属とは、電気抵抗率が1×10-6Ωm以下、好ましくは1×10-7Ωm以下である金属又は合金を意味する。ここで、電気抵抗率が1×10-7Ωm以上、1×10-6Ωm未満の金属又は合金としては、例えば、白金、鉄、スズ、クロム、鉛、チタン、水銀、ステンレス等が挙げられる。また、電気抵抗率が1×10-7Ωm未満の金属又は合金としては、例えば、金、銀、銅、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、タングステン、コバルト、亜鉛、ニッケル、カリウム、リチウム、黄銅等が挙げられる。
なかでも、上記発熱層は、金、銀、銅、白金、パラジウム、チタン及びニッケルからなる群より選択される少なくとも2種以上の金属を含む合金からなることが好ましい。このような合金を用いた場合には、特にコロージョンの発生を防止することができる。このような合金としては、例えば、銀・パラジウム・銅合金(例えば、フルヤ金属社製のAPC等)等が挙げられる。
また、上記金属酸化物からは、下記の透明導電層にて挙げられたスズドープ酸化インジウム(ITO)、アンチモンドープ酸化錫(ATO)、フッ素ドープ酸化スズ(FTO)を除くことが好ましい。
上記基材は、JIS C2151に準拠して測定される150℃、30分間熱処理後の熱収縮率がMD、TD方向共に1.0~3.5%であることが好ましい。このような熱収縮率を有する基材を用いることにより、スパッタプロセス等により均一な発熱層を形成できるとともに、合わせガラス製造時に熱収縮率の相違により発熱層と第1の表面とにズレが生じるのを防止して、上記発熱層と第1の樹脂層との接着性を向上させることができる。上記熱収縮率のより好ましい下限は1.5%、より好ましい上限は3.0%である。
なお、本明細書においてMD方向(Machine Direction)とは、基材をシート状に押出加工する際の押出方向をいい、TD方向(Transverse Direction)とはMD方向に対して垂直方向をいう。
なお、ヤング率は、JIS K7127に準拠した引っ張り試験によって、23℃で、歪み-応力曲線を得、該歪み-応力曲線の直線部分の傾きにより示される。
なお、後述する第1の樹脂層や第2の樹脂層のヤング率は、一般に1GPa未満であることが好ましい。
上記紫外線遮蔽剤としては、例えば、金属系紫外線遮蔽剤、金属酸化物系紫外線遮蔽剤、ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線遮蔽剤、ベンゾフェノン系紫外線遮蔽剤、トリアジン系紫外線遮蔽剤、マロン酸エステル系紫外線遮蔽剤、シュウ酸アニリド系紫外線遮蔽剤、ベンゾエート系紫外線遮蔽剤等の従来公知の紫外線遮蔽剤を用いることができる。
上記酸化防止剤としては、例えば、フェノール系酸化防止剤、硫黄系酸化防止剤、リン系酸化防止剤等の従来公知の酸化防止剤を用いることができる。
なお、上記第1の樹脂層の熱収縮率は、樹脂層を構成する熱可塑性樹脂の種類、可塑剤の種類や配合量のほか、アニール処理の条件によっても調整することができる。
上記ポリビニルアセタールは、水酸基量の好ましい下限が15モル%、好ましい上限が35モル%である。水酸基量が15モル%以上であると、合わせガラス用中間膜とガラスとの接着性が高くなる。水酸基量が35モル%以下であると、合わせガラス用中間膜の取り扱いが容易になる。
なお、上記アセタール化度及び水酸基量は、例えば、JIS K6728「ポリビニルブチラール試験方法」に準拠して測定できる。
上記ポリビニルアルコールは、通常、ポリ酢酸ビニルを鹸化することにより得られ、鹸化度70~99.8モル%のポリビニルアルコールが一般的に用いられる。上記ポリビニルアルコールの鹸化度は、80~99.8モル%であることが好ましい。
上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度の好ましい下限は500、好ましい上限は4000である。上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度が500以上であると、得られる合わせガラスの耐貫通性が高くなる。上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度が4000以下であると、合わせガラス用中間膜の成形が容易になる。上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度のより好ましい下限は1000、より好ましい上限は3600である。
上記接着力調整剤としては、例えば、アルカリ金属塩又はアルカリ土類金属塩が好適に用いられる。上記接着力調整剤として、例えば、カリウム、ナトリウム、マグネシウム等の塩が挙げられる。
上記塩を構成する酸としては、例えば、オクチル酸、ヘキシル酸、2-エチル酪酸、酪酸、酢酸、蟻酸等のカルボン酸の有機酸、又は、塩酸、硝酸等の無機酸が挙げられる。
上記熱線吸収剤は、赤外線を遮蔽する性能を有すれば特に限定されないが、錫ドープ酸化インジウム(ITO)粒子、アンチモンドープ酸化錫(ATO)粒子、アルミニウムドープ酸化亜鉛(AZO)粒子、インジウムドープ酸化亜鉛(IZO)粒子、錫ドープ酸化亜鉛粒子、珪素ドープ酸化亜鉛粒子、6ホウ化ランタン粒子及び6ホウ化セリウム粒子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が好適である。
上記第2の樹脂層は、上記第1の樹脂層と同様のものを用いることができるが、上記第1の樹脂層と同じものであってもよく、異なっていてもよい。
上記ガラス板は、一般に使用されている透明板ガラスを使用することができる。例えば、フロート板ガラス、磨き板ガラス、型板ガラス、網入りガラス、線入り板ガラス、着色された板ガラス、熱線吸収ガラス、熱線反射ガラス、グリーンガラス等の無機ガラスが挙げられる。また、ガラスの表面に紫外線遮蔽コート層を有する紫外線遮蔽ガラスも用いることができる。更に、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリアクリレート等の有機プラスチックス板を用いることもできる。
上記ガラス板として、2種類以上のガラス板を用いてもよい。例えば、透明フロート板ガラスと、グリーンガラスのような着色されたガラス板との間に、本発明の合わせガラス用中間膜を積層した合わせガラスが挙げられる。また、上記ガラス板として、2種以上の厚さの異なるガラス板を用いてもよい。
本発明の合わせガラスの製造方法としては特に限定されず、従来公知の製造方法を用いることができる。
(1)発熱層の調製
基材としてポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)からなる厚み50μmのフィルムを用いた。上記基材に、ターゲットを酸化ニオブとし、スパッタパワーは直流(DC)1000W、雰囲気ガスはアルゴンでガス流量は50sccm、スパッタ時圧力は0.5Paとしてスパッタを実施して、厚み50nmの酸化ニオブ層を形成した。
次いで、該酸化ニオブ層上に、ターゲットを銀とし、スパッタリングを行った。スパッタパワーは直流(DC)1000W、雰囲気ガスはアルゴンでガス流量は50sccm、スパッタ時圧力は0.5Paとし、銀からなる厚み10nmの発熱層を形成した。
更に、該発熱層上に、ターゲットを酸化ニオブとし、スパッタパワーは直流(DC)1000W、雰囲気ガスはアルゴンでガス流量は50sccm、スパッタ時圧力は0.5Paとしてスパッタを実施して、厚み50nmの酸化ニオブ層を形成した。
ポリビニルブチラール(水酸基の含有率30モル%、アセチル化度1モル%、ブチラール化度69モル%、平均重合度1700)100重量部に対し、可塑剤としてトリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)40重量部と、紫外線遮蔽剤として2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’-t-ブチル-5-メチルフェニル)-5-クロロベンゾトリアゾール(BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)0.5重量部と、酸化防止剤として2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-p-クレゾール(BHT)0.5重量部を添加し、ミキシングロールで充分に混練し、組成物を得た。得られた組成物を押出機により押出して、ポリビニルブチラール(PVB)からなる厚み380μmの単層の樹脂膜を得た。
上記樹脂膜を2枚準備し、該2枚の樹脂膜の間に発熱層及び酸化ニオブ層を形成した基材を挟み込み、熱圧着することにより第1の樹脂層/酸化ニオブ層/発熱層/酸化ニオブ層/基材/第2の樹脂層の積層構造の合わせガラス用中間膜を製造した。熱圧着は、熱圧着ラミネーター(エム・シー・ケー社製「MRK-650Y型」)を用いて、加熱温度75℃、圧着時の圧力1.0kN、搬送時の張力20Nの条件で、ロールツーロール方式により行った。熱圧着には上下のロールがともにゴムからなるラミネートロールを用いた。
酸化ニオブに代えて酸化チタン又は酸化ケイ素を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして合わせガラス用中間膜を製造した。
Agの代わりにターゲットをAPC(銀・パラジウム・銅合金)としてスパッタリングを行い、APCからなる厚み10nmの発熱層を形成し、また、金属酸化物層の厚みを変更した以外は実施例1~3と同様にして合わせガラス用中間膜を製造した。
金属酸化物層を形成しなかった以外は実施例1、4と同様にして合わせガラス用中間膜を製造した。
基材としてポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)からなる厚み50μmのフィルムを用いた。上記基材に、ターゲットを二酸化チタン(TiO2)とし、スパッタリングを行った。スパッタパワーは直流(DC)1000W、雰囲気ガスはアルゴンでガス流量は50sccm、スパッタ時圧力は0.5Paとしてスパッタを実施して、厚み80nmの酸化チタン層を形成した。
次いで、該酸化チタン層上に、ターゲットを銀とし、スパッタリングを行った。スパッタパワーは直流(DC)1000W、雰囲気ガスはアルゴンでガス流量は50sccm、スパッタ時圧力は0.5Paとし、銀からなる厚み25nmの発熱層を形成した。
更に、該発熱層上に、ターゲットを二酸化チタン(TiO2)とし、スパッタリングを行った。スパッタパワーは直流(DC)1000W、雰囲気ガスはアルゴンでガス流量は50sccm、スパッタ時圧力は0.5Paとしてスパッタを実施して、厚み80nmの酸化チタン層を形成した。
得られた酸化チタン層、発熱層及び酸化チタン層を形成した基材を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、第1の樹脂層/酸化チタン層/発熱層/酸化チタン層/基材/第2の樹脂層の積層構造の合わせガラス用中間膜を製造した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた合わせガラス用中間膜について、以下の方法により評価を行った。
結果を表1に示した。
得られた合わせガラスの両端に、片面銅箔テープSTS-CU42S(積水テクノ商事西日本社製)を電極として貼り付けた。DC12V/4.2A電源S8JX-N05012DC(OMRON社製)と、電極とをワニ口ケーブルを用いて接続した。
○:合わせガラスの端部近傍から中心部まで均一に温度が上昇する(温度上昇後の端部近傍と中心部との温度差が4℃以下)、かつ、発熱到達温度が20℃以上
△:合わせガラスの端部近傍から中心部まで均一に温度が上昇する(温度上昇後の端部近傍と中心部との温度差が4℃以下)、かつ、発熱到達温度が20℃未満
×:温度上昇しないか、又は、合わせガラスの端部から中心部まで均一に温度が上昇しない(温度上昇後の端部近傍と中心部との温度差が4℃を超える)
得られた合わせガラス用中間膜を、縦30cm×横30cmの大きさに切断した。また、2枚のクリアガラス(縦30cm×横30cm×厚み2.5mm)を用意した。この2枚のクリアガラスの間に、得られた中間膜を挟み込み、真空ラミネーターにて90℃で30分間保持し、真空プレスし、積層体を得た。積層体において、ガラス板からはみ出た中間膜部分を切り落とし、合わせガラスを得た。得られた合わせガラスを、恒温恒湿オーブン(ESPEC社製)を用いて、80℃・90%RH条件下にてコロージョン評価を実施した。
オーブン中に、作製した合わせガラスを設置し、経過時間ごとの外観を目視にて判定した。今回は、1日後、7日後、14日後の合わせガラス用中間膜を観察した。
○:外観不良(凝集物等による斑点模様)がなし
×:外観不良(凝集物等による斑点模様)発生
2 発熱層
3 基材
4 金属酸化物層
5 第1の樹脂層
6 第2の樹脂層
Claims (14)
- 発熱層と、前記発熱層の第1の表面側に積層された第1の樹脂層とを有する合わせガラス用中間膜であって、
前記発熱層の少なくとも一方の表面上に金属酸化物層が積層されている
ことを特徴とする合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 発熱層は、金、銀、銅、白金、パラジウム、チタン及びニッケルからなる群より選択される少なくとも2種以上の金属を含む合金からなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 発熱層の表面抵抗率が10Ω/□以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 金属酸化物層は、酸化チタン、酸化ニオブ、酸化ケイ素及び酸化亜鉛からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種からなることを特徴とする請求項1、2又は3記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 金属酸化物層は、酸化チタン、酸化ニオブ及び酸化ケイ素からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種からなることを特徴とする請求項4記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 金属酸化物層は、酸化チタン又は酸化ニオブからなることを特徴とする請求項5記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 第1の樹脂層は、熱可塑性樹脂を含有することを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 熱可塑性樹脂は、ポリビニルアセタールであることを特徴とする請求項7記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 第1の樹脂層は、可塑剤を含有することを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7又は8記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 第1の樹脂層は、アルカリ金属塩又はアルカリ土類金属塩を含有することを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8又は9記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 第1の樹脂層は、熱線吸収剤を含有することを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9又は10記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 更に、発熱層の第1の表面とは反対側の第2の表面側に積層された第2の樹脂層を有することを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10又は11記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11又は12記載の合わせガラス用中間膜が、一対のガラス板の間に積層されていることを特徴とする合わせガラス。
- 請求項13記載の合わせガラスと、前記合わせガラス中の合わせガラス用中間膜の発熱層に電圧を印加するための電圧供給部とを備えることを特徴とする合わせガラスシステム。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17775395.1A EP3438068A4 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-30 | INTERMEDIATE LAYER FOR COMPOSITE GLASS, COMPOSITE GLASS AND COMPOSITE GLASS SYSTEM |
| KR1020187012001A KR20180126439A (ko) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-30 | 합판 유리용 중간막, 합판 유리 및 합판 유리 시스템 |
| JP2017519021A JPWO2017170861A1 (ja) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-30 | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラスシステム |
| US16/080,556 US20190061323A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-30 | Interlayer for laminated glass, laminated glass, and laminated glass system |
| CN201780004063.6A CN108349803A (zh) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-30 | 夹层玻璃用中间膜、夹层玻璃和夹层玻璃体系 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016-073209 | 2016-03-31 | ||
| JP2016073209 | 2016-03-31 | ||
| JP2016-073207 | 2016-03-31 | ||
| JP2016073207 | 2016-03-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2017170861A1 true WO2017170861A1 (ja) | 2017-10-05 |
Family
ID=59964706
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2017/013224 Ceased WO2017170861A1 (ja) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-30 | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラスシステム |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20190061323A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3438068A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPWO2017170861A1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20180126439A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN108349803A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2017170861A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019189738A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
| WO2020067083A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-04-02 | 株式会社クラレ | 積層フィルム |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5659648A (en) * | 1979-09-08 | 1981-05-23 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Electrically heating laminate glass |
| JPH0524149A (ja) * | 1990-11-29 | 1993-02-02 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 熱線遮断膜 |
| JP2002173343A (ja) * | 2001-09-25 | 2002-06-21 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 低放射率透明積層体の製造方法 |
| JP2003522391A (ja) * | 2000-02-01 | 2003-07-22 | サウスウォール テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | 透明導電膜上へのブスバーの真空堆積 |
| JP2009161602A (ja) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-23 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 変性ポリ酢酸ビニルを含有するポリビニルアセタール組成物、該ポリビニルアセタール組成物からなるポリビニルアセタールシート及び前記ポリビニルアセタール組成物からなる合わせガラス用中間膜 |
| JP2012254924A (ja) * | 2004-07-06 | 2012-12-27 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
| JP2014063633A (ja) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-04-10 | Konica Minolta Inc | 透明電極、及び電子デバイス |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4786783A (en) * | 1987-08-11 | 1988-11-22 | Monsanto Company | Electrically heatable laminated window |
| US4973511A (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1990-11-27 | Monsanto Company | Composite solar/safety film and laminated window assembly made therefrom |
| JPH08217499A (ja) * | 1995-02-13 | 1996-08-27 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 合わせガラス構造 |
| FR2762541B1 (fr) * | 1997-04-24 | 1999-07-02 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Procede de fabrication d'un vitrage feuillete |
| JP4670877B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-25 | 2011-04-13 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 酸化亜鉛系透明導電膜積層体と透明導電性基板およびデバイス |
| WO2012077794A1 (ja) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-14 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
| CN102173133A (zh) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-09-07 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | 一种包含金属纳米结构导电层的复合功能夹层玻璃 |
| CN102795793B (zh) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-09-24 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | 一种可电加热的低辐射镀膜夹层玻璃 |
-
2017
- 2017-03-30 JP JP2017519021A patent/JPWO2017170861A1/ja active Pending
- 2017-03-30 CN CN201780004063.6A patent/CN108349803A/zh active Pending
- 2017-03-30 EP EP17775395.1A patent/EP3438068A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-03-30 WO PCT/JP2017/013224 patent/WO2017170861A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2017-03-30 US US16/080,556 patent/US20190061323A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-03-30 KR KR1020187012001A patent/KR20180126439A/ko not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5659648A (en) * | 1979-09-08 | 1981-05-23 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Electrically heating laminate glass |
| JPH0524149A (ja) * | 1990-11-29 | 1993-02-02 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 熱線遮断膜 |
| JP2003522391A (ja) * | 2000-02-01 | 2003-07-22 | サウスウォール テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | 透明導電膜上へのブスバーの真空堆積 |
| JP2002173343A (ja) * | 2001-09-25 | 2002-06-21 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 低放射率透明積層体の製造方法 |
| JP2012254924A (ja) * | 2004-07-06 | 2012-12-27 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
| JP2009161602A (ja) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-23 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 変性ポリ酢酸ビニルを含有するポリビニルアセタール組成物、該ポリビニルアセタール組成物からなるポリビニルアセタールシート及び前記ポリビニルアセタール組成物からなる合わせガラス用中間膜 |
| JP2014063633A (ja) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-04-10 | Konica Minolta Inc | 透明電極、及び電子デバイス |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP3438068A4 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019189738A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
| JPWO2019189738A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2021-02-12 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
| JP7271418B2 (ja) | 2018-03-29 | 2023-05-11 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
| WO2020067083A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-04-02 | 株式会社クラレ | 積層フィルム |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3438068A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
| KR20180126439A (ko) | 2018-11-27 |
| US20190061323A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
| CN108349803A (zh) | 2018-07-31 |
| JPWO2017170861A1 (ja) | 2019-02-07 |
| EP3438068A4 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JPWO2017090712A1 (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス | |
| EP3578529A1 (en) | Intermediate film for laminated glass having thermochromic properties, laminated glass, and laminated glass system | |
| JP6530711B2 (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス用中間膜の製造方法及び合わせガラス | |
| KR102560888B1 (ko) | 접합 유리용 중간막 및 접합 유리 | |
| JP6676374B2 (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス | |
| EP3587372A1 (en) | Anisotropic exothermic sheet, intermediate film for laminated glass, and laminated glass | |
| EP3412638A1 (en) | Interlayer for laminated glass, and laminated glass | |
| JP2021193065A (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラス用中間膜の製造方法 | |
| JP2018145068A (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラスシステム | |
| WO2016159029A1 (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス | |
| WO2015129759A1 (ja) | プラスチックシート、プラスチックシートの製造方法、合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス | |
| WO2017170861A1 (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラスシステム | |
| JP2017095331A (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラス用中間膜の製造方法 | |
| JP2017095330A (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス | |
| JP2018145067A (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラスシステム | |
| JP2017178756A (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラスシステム | |
| JP2018145069A (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラスシステム | |
| WO2019065837A1 (ja) | 合わせガラス | |
| KR102160861B1 (ko) | 폴리비닐아세탈 수지 조성물, 접합유리용 필름 및 접합유리 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017519021 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20187012001 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2017775395 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017775395 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20181031 |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 17775395 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |