WO2016174806A1 - 電解コンデンサ - Google Patents
電解コンデンサ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016174806A1 WO2016174806A1 PCT/JP2016/001333 JP2016001333W WO2016174806A1 WO 2016174806 A1 WO2016174806 A1 WO 2016174806A1 JP 2016001333 W JP2016001333 W JP 2016001333W WO 2016174806 A1 WO2016174806 A1 WO 2016174806A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/48—Conductive polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/56—Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/0029—Processes of manufacture
- H01G9/0036—Formation of the solid electrolyte layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/025—Solid electrolytes
- H01G9/028—Organic semiconducting electrolytes, e.g. TCNQ
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/035—Liquid electrolytes, e.g. impregnating materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/042—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material
- H01G9/0425—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material specially adapted for cathode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/048—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/048—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
- H01G9/055—Etched foil electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/07—Dielectric layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/14—Structural combinations or circuits for modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of electrolytic capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/145—Liquid electrolytic capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/15—Solid electrolytic capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrolytic capacitor including a conductive polymer layer (solid electrolyte layer) and an electrolytic solution.
- an electrolytic capacitor including an anode body having a dielectric layer formed thereon and a conductive polymer layer formed so as to cover at least a part of the dielectric layer is promising. ing.
- Patent Document 1 in a solid electrolytic capacitor including a capacitor element having a conductive polymer layer therein, a carbon layer or the like is formed on the cathode foil of the capacitor element, thereby suppressing the generation of capacitance at the cathode.
- a conductive polymer layer is formed by immersing a wound body obtained by winding an anode foil and a cathode through a separator in a polymerization solution containing a raw material for the conductive polymer, and performing thermal polymerization. is doing.
- Patent Document 2 an anode foil on which a dielectric layer is formed, a cathode foil, a separator interposed therebetween, and a conductive polymer layer formed on the surface of the dielectric layer, the separator and the cathode foil.
- an electrolytic capacitor in which a capacitor element is impregnated with an electrolytic solution.
- a conductive polymer layer is formed by impregnating an anode foil, a cathode foil, and a separator with a dispersion in which a conductive polymer is dispersed in the form of particles.
- Patent Document 1 a high capacity is expected by forming an inorganic conductive layer such as a carbon layer. Moreover, it is expected that the ESR is lowered by improving the conductivity of the cathode. On the other hand, in patent document 2, the repairability of a dielectric material layer improves by using electrolyte solution.
- Patent Document 1 in the case of using a polymerization solution containing a conductive polymer raw material, it is difficult to improve the repairability of the dielectric layer even if an electrolytic solution is used. Moreover, when using the dispersion and solution containing a conductive polymer, and using electrolyte solution, if an inorganic type conductive layer is formed in the cathode side like patent document 1, a conductive polymer layer and inorganic type conductive will be formed. Adhesion between layers may be insufficient. If the adhesion is insufficient, the contact resistance between the cathode and the conductive polymer layer increases, and it is difficult to reduce ESR.
- the present invention provides an electrolytic capacitor including a conductive polymer layer formed using a dispersion or solution containing a conductive polymer, and can reduce ESR and obtain a high capacity even when using an electrolytic solution. For the purpose.
- the capacitor element is An anode foil having a dielectric layer formed thereon; A cathode foil facing the anode foil and having an inorganic conductive layer formed thereon; A conductive polymer layer interposed between the anode foil and the cathode foil and containing a conductive polymer; The cathode foil has a roughened surface, and the inorganic conductive layer is formed on the roughened surface.
- the conductive polymer layer relates to an electrolytic capacitor formed using a dispersion or solution containing the conductive polymer.
- ESR in an electrolytic capacitor including a conductive polymer layer formed using a dispersion or solution containing a conductive polymer, ESR can be reduced despite the use of an electrolytic solution. High capacity can be ensured.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrolytic capacitor obtained by a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic developed view of a part of the capacitor element included in the electrolytic capacitor.
- the electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element 10 and is housed in an outer case (specifically, a bottomed case 11) together with an electrolytic solution (not shown).
- the exterior case includes a bottomed case 11 that houses the capacitor element 10 therein, an insulating sealing member 12 that closes the opening of the bottomed case 11, and a seat plate 13 that covers the sealing member 12. The vicinity of the open end of the bottomed case 11 is drawn inward, and the open end is curled so as to be crimped to the sealing member 12.
- the capacitor element 10 includes an anode foil 21 connected to the lead tab 15A, a cathode foil 22 connected to the lead tab 15B, and a separator 23.
- the anode foil 21 and the cathode foil 22 are wound through a separator 23, and such a capacitor element 10 is also called a wound body.
- the outermost periphery of the capacitor element 10 is fixed by a winding tape 24.
- FIG. 2 shows a state where a part of the capacitor element 10 is unfolded before stopping the outermost periphery.
- the anode foil 21 is a metal foil roughened so that the surface has irregularities, and a dielectric layer is formed on the metal foil having irregularities.
- the cathode foil 22 facing the anode foil 21 is a metal foil roughened so that the surface has unevenness, and an inorganic conductive layer is formed on the uneven metal foil.
- a conductive polymer is attached to at least a part of the surface of the dielectric layer on the anode foil 21 and at least a part of the surface of the inorganic conductive layer on the cathode foil 22 to form a conductive polymer layer.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the conductive polymer may be attached at any position between the anode foil 21 and the cathode foil 22.
- the conductive polymer covers at least part of the surface of the dielectric layer formed on the anode foil 21, and further, at least part of the surface of the inorganic conductive layer on the cathode foil 22 and / or the separator. 23 may cover at least part of the surface.
- a conductive polymer layer is formed between the anode foil 21 and the cathode foil 22.
- a conductive polymer specifically, a film containing a conductive polymer
- a solid electrolyte layer or Sometimes referred to as a conductive polymer layer.
- the capacitor element includes an anode foil having a dielectric layer formed thereon, a cathode foil having an inorganic conductive layer formed on a roughened surface, and a conductive polymer layer interposed between the anode foil and the cathode foil. Including.
- the capacitor element may include a separator as necessary.
- Capacitor element (Anode foil)
- Examples of the anode foil include a metal foil having a roughened surface.
- the kind of metal which comprises metal foil is not specifically limited, From the point that formation of a dielectric material layer is easy, it is preferable to use the alloy which contains valve action metals, such as aluminum, a tantalum, niobium, or a valve action metal.
- the roughening of the metal foil surface can be performed by a known method. By roughening, a plurality of irregularities are formed on the surface of the metal foil.
- the roughening is preferably performed, for example, by etching a metal foil.
- the etching treatment may be performed by, for example, a direct current electrolytic method or an alternating current electrolytic method.
- the dielectric layer is formed on the surface of the anode foil. Specifically, since the dielectric layer is formed on the surface of the roughened metal foil, the dielectric layer is formed along the inner wall surface of the hole or depression (pit) on the surface of the anode foil.
- the formation method of the dielectric layer is not particularly limited, but can be formed by chemical conversion treatment of the metal foil.
- the chemical conversion treatment may be performed, for example, by immersing the metal foil in a chemical conversion solution such as an ammonium adipate solution.
- a voltage may be applied in a state where the metal foil is immersed in the chemical conversion liquid as necessary.
- anode foil 21 having a dielectric layer formed thereon is prepared by cutting the treated foil into a desired size.
- a metal foil may be used for the cathode foil 22.
- the type of metal is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a valve action metal such as aluminum, tantalum, or niobium or an alloy containing the valve action metal.
- the conductive polymer layer is produced by using a dispersion in which fine particles of a conductive polymer are dispersed in a dispersion medium or a solution in which a conductive polymer is dissolved in a solvent.
- a polymer precursor such as a monomer or oligomer that is a raw material for a conductive polymer
- a polymer precursor is polymerized in a state where the anode foil and the cathode foil are in contact with each other.
- the conductive polymer layer is formed using a dispersion in which fine particles of the conductive polymer are dispersed in a dispersion medium or a solution in which the conductive polymer is dissolved in a solvent.
- a conductive polymer layer is formed by bringing the dispersion polymer or the solution into contact with the anode foil and the cathode foil so that the conductive polymer adheres to the periphery of the anode foil and the cathode foil.
- Such a conductive polymer layer is homogeneous, highly flexible, and has excellent electrolyte retention, but the conductive polymer layer is in close contact with the anode foil or the cathode foil (or the inorganic conductive layer on the surface).
- the nature is low.
- the electrolytic solution penetrates between the conductive polymer layer and the inorganic conductive layer, and contact between the conductive polymer layer and the inorganic conductive layer is likely to be hindered.
- High capacity is difficult and ESR is difficult to reduce.
- the surface of the cathode foil is roughened, and an inorganic conductive layer is formed on the roughened surface, so that the conductive polymer layer is formed using a dispersion or a solution.
- the adhesion between the conductive polymer layer and the inorganic conductive layer can be enhanced.
- irregularities are also formed on the surface of the inorganic conductive layer on the side in contact with the conductive polymer layer.
- a first region where the inorganic conductive layer and the conductive polymer layer are in contact with each other is formed in the convex portion on the surface of the inorganic conductive layer, and the inorganic conductive layer and the conductive polymer layer are in contact with each other in the concave portion.
- a second region that is not formed is formed. In the second region, a gap is formed between the inorganic conductive layer and the conductive polymer layer. Therefore, even if the electrolyte soaks between the inorganic conductive layer and the conductive polymer layer, this gap Flow into.
- the electrolyte solution is suppressed from entering between the conductive polymer layer and the inorganic conductive layer, or the amount of the electrolyte solution or the amount remaining between the layers is reduced.
- a high contact pressure can be secured, a decrease in adhesion between the conductive polymer layer and the inorganic conductive layer can be suppressed, and an increase in interface resistance can be suppressed.
- the degree of roughening of the surface of the cathode foil can be expressed by a surface expansion ratio.
- Surface enlarging ratio of the cathode foil surface for example, a 1.3 ⁇ 550cm 2 / cm 2, preferably 1.5 ⁇ 500cm 2 / cm 2, further preferably 2 ⁇ 120cm 2 / cm 2.
- the area expansion ratio is in such a range, the first region and the second region are formed in a well-balanced manner, so that it is easy to ensure high adhesion between the conductive polymer layer and the inorganic conductive layer.
- the inorganic conductive layer Before forming the inorganic conductive layer, it is easy to suppress moisture, by-products or gas from adhering to or adsorbing on the surface of the cathode foil. As a result, a more homogeneous inorganic conductive layer is easily formed, and from this viewpoint, it is easy to suppress a decrease in adhesion.
- the area expansion ratio is 10 to 60 cm 2 / cm 2, it is possible to further suppress a decrease in adhesion, and thus it is possible to suppress a decrease in capacity and an increase in ESR when used for a long time.
- the roughening of the surface of the cathode foil can be performed by a known method, for example, it may be roughened by etching.
- the etching treatment may be performed by, for example, a direct current electrolytic method or an alternating current electrolytic method. From the viewpoint of easily securing a high capacity even when charging and discharging are repeated, it is preferable to perform roughening by etching.
- the inorganic conductive layer is desirably formed of a conductive inorganic material as a whole, and is distinguished from a conductive polymer layer formed of an organic material.
- Examples of the conductive inorganic material for forming the inorganic conductive layer include metals or conductive metal compounds in addition to conductive carbon.
- Examples of the conductive carbon include carbon black such as amorphous carbon and acetylene black, carbon fiber such as soft carbon, hard carbon, graphite, and carbon nanotube.
- the metal and the metal compound those which are difficult to form a passive film by contact with air or the like are preferable.
- Examples of the metal include titanium, a titanium alloy, nickel, and a nickel alloy.
- Examples of the metal compound include nitrides and carbides, and nitrides are preferable.
- Examples of the metal constituting the metal compound include titanium and / or nickel.
- the inorganic conductive layer may contain one kind of these inorganic materials, or may contain two or more kinds.
- the inorganic conductive layer may contain the conductive inorganic material and the binder, but it is preferable that the ratio of the conductive inorganic material is as high as possible.
- the amount of the conductive inorganic material in the inorganic conductive layer is preferably 95% by mass or more or 99% by mass or more, for example.
- the inorganic conductive layer may be a layer made of the conductive inorganic material.
- the inorganic conductive layer may be formed by forming a layer containing a conductive inorganic material and a binder and removing the binder by heat treatment.
- the inorganic conductive layer is preferably a deposited film of a conductive inorganic material (particularly conductive carbon such as amorphous carbon).
- the cathode foil and the inorganic conductive layer are formed of the same material, the cathode foil and the inorganic conductive layer have different metal distribution states (for example, the inorganic conductive layer has a metal distribution different from that of the cathode foil. Therefore, the cathode foil and the inorganic conductive layer can be distinguished from each other in, for example, an electron micrograph of a cross section.
- the inorganic conductive layer may further include a conductive base layer as necessary.
- the base layer constituting a part of the inorganic conductive layer preferably includes a conductive inorganic material such as a metal or a conductive metal compound among the conductive inorganic materials exemplified above. Titanium is preferable as the metal, and titanium nitride is preferable as the metal compound.
- the thickness of the inorganic conductive layer is, for example, 1 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the inorganic conductive layer is, for example, 1 nm to 100 nm.
- the thickness of the inorganic conductive layer is May be, for example, 100 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the inorganic conductive layer may be an average thickness obtained by averaging the thicknesses measured at a plurality of locations (for example, 10 locations) in the cross-sectional image.
- the thickness of the inorganic conductive layer is in the above range, it is easy to suppress a decrease in adhesion between the inorganic conductive layer and the conductive polymer layer, and it is easy to ensure high conductivity.
- separator 23 for example, a nonwoven fabric containing fibers of cellulose, polyethylene terephthalate, vinylon, polyamide (for example, an aromatic polyamide such as aliphatic polyamide or aramid) may be used.
- polyamide for example, an aromatic polyamide such as aliphatic polyamide or aramid
- the capacitor element 10 can be manufactured by a known method.
- the capacitor element 10 includes an anode foil 21 having a dielectric layer formed thereon and a cathode foil 22 having an inorganic conductive layer superimposed on each other via a separator 23, and then the anode element 21 and the cathode foil 22.
- a conductive polymer layer may be formed on the substrate.
- the anode foil 21 formed with the dielectric layer and the cathode foil 22 formed with the inorganic conductive layer are wound through the separator 23 to form a wound body as shown in FIG.
- a conductive polymer layer may be formed between 21 and the cathode foil 22.
- the lead tabs 15A and 15B may be planted from the wound body by winding while winding the lead tabs 15A and 15B as shown in FIG.
- the material of the lead tabs 15A and 15B is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive material.
- the surface of the lead tabs 15A and 15B may be subjected to chemical conversion treatment.
- the part which contacts the sealing body 12 of lead tab 15A, 15B and the connection part with lead wire 14A, 14B may be covered with the resin material.
- the material of the lead wires 14A and 14B connected to each of the lead tabs 15A and 15B is not particularly limited, and a conductive material or the like may be used.
- the cathode foil 22 and the separator 23 the end portion of the outer surface of the one located in the outermost layer of the wound body (the cathode foil 22 in FIG. 2) is fixed with a winding tape 24.
- the anode foil 21 is prepared by cutting a large metal foil, in order to provide a dielectric layer on the cut surface of the anode foil 21, the capacitor element in a state such as a wound body is further formed. Processing may be performed.
- the conductive polymer layer is interposed between the anode foil 21 and the cathode foil 22.
- the conductive polymer layer is preferably formed on at least a part of the surface of the dielectric layer formed on the surface of the anode foil 21 so as to cover the dielectric layer, and covers as much area as possible of the dielectric layer. It is more preferable to form as described above.
- the conductive polymer layer is preferably formed on at least a part of the surface of the inorganic conductive layer formed on the surface of the cathode foil 22 so as to cover the inorganic conductive layer, and as much of the inorganic conductive layer as possible. It is more preferable to form so as to cover the region.
- the conductive polymer layer may be formed not only on the surface of the dielectric layer and the inorganic conductive layer, but also on the surface of the separator.
- the diameter of the conductive polymer fine particles is set to the surface of the roughened cathode foil. It is preferable that the diameter of the recess is smaller than the diameter of the concave portion. By doing so, the fine particles of the conductive polymer adhere to the surface of the inorganic conductive layer of the concave portion, and the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor can be further reduced. it can.
- Examples of the conductive polymer contained in the conductive polymer layer include polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyfuran, polyaniline, polyacetylene, polyphenylene, polyphenylene vinylene, polyacene, polythiophene vinylene, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more, or may be a copolymer of two or more monomers.
- polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyfuran, polyaniline and the like mean polymers having a basic skeleton of polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyfuran, polyaniline and the like, respectively. Accordingly, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyfuran, polyaniline and the like can also include respective derivatives.
- polythiophene includes poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and the like.
- the conductive polymer one kind may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- the weight average molecular weight of the conductive polymer is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1,000 to 1,000,000.
- the conductive polymer layer may contain a dopant.
- the dopant may be contained in the conductive polymer layer in a state of being doped in the conductive polymer, or may be contained in the conductive polymer layer in a state of being bonded to the conductive polymer.
- a polyanion can be used as the dopant.
- polyanions include polyvinyl sulfonic acid, polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyallyl sulfonic acid, polyacryl sulfonic acid, polymethacryl sulfonic acid, poly (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid), polyisoprene sulfonic acid, poly Anions such as acrylic acid can be mentioned.
- polyanions derived from polystyrene sulfonic acid are preferred. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. These may be a single monomer polymer or a copolymer of two or more monomers.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyanion is not particularly limited, but is 1,000 to 1,000,000, for example.
- Such a conductive polymer containing a polyanion tends to be uniformly dispersed in a solvent and easily adheres uniformly to the surface of a dielectric layer or an inorganic conductive layer.
- the present invention when an inorganic conductive layer is formed on the roughened cathode foil surface and the conductive polymer layer is formed using a dispersion or solution containing a conductive polymer, it has been found that even when a liquid is used, the adhesion between the conductive polymer layer and the inorganic conductive layer is suppressed from being lowered, and a high capacity can be secured and ESR can be reduced. Moreover, the repair function of a dielectric material layer can be further improved by containing electrolyte solution.
- a nonaqueous solvent may be used, or a solution containing a nonaqueous solvent and an ionic substance (solute) dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent may be used.
- the non-aqueous solvent is a general term for liquids excluding water and liquids containing water, and includes organic solvents and ionic liquids.
- non-aqueous solvent examples include polyols (alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol; glycerins such as glycerin and polyglycerin), cyclic sulfones such as sulfolane, ⁇ -butyrolactone ( Lactones such as ⁇ BL), amides such as N-methylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, esters such as methyl acetate, ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, etc. Ketones, formaldehyde and the like.
- a non-aqueous solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the electrolytic solution preferably includes at least a solvent (first solvent) having no boiling point or having a high boiling point (for example, 180 ° C. or higher) among the non-aqueous solvents.
- first solvent a solvent having no boiling point or having a high boiling point (for example, 180 ° C. or higher) among the non-aqueous solvents.
- the adhesion between the conductive polymer layer and the inorganic conductive layer is low, and the conductivity is low. Capacity cannot be secured and ESR cannot be reduced.
- the inorganic conductive layer is formed on the roughened surface of the cathode foil, the conductive polymer layer and the inorganic conductive layer are high even when the electrolytic solution contains the first solvent. Adhesion can be ensured.
- the boiling point of the first solvent may be 180 ° C. or higher, and may be 200 ° C. or higher.
- a polyol is preferable.
- Polyethylene glycol, polyglycerin, and the like may not have a boiling point depending on the molecular weight, but such a compound (however, a liquid one) is also preferable as the first solvent.
- the first solvent is not necessarily included in the electrolytic solution used when assembling the electrolytic capacitor, and may be included in the processing solution used in the process of assembling the electrolytic capacitor.
- a dispersion or solution containing a conductive polymer may contain the first solvent.
- the amount of the first solvent contained in the dispersion is preferably 50% by mass or less of the dispersion or the solution. Since the first solvent does not have a boiling point or has a high boiling point, it remains in the assembled electrolytic capacitor. Since the remaining first solvent oozes out into the electrolytic solution accommodated in the electrolytic capacitor, the first solvent is contained in the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic capacitor.
- the amount of the first solvent contained in the electrolytic solution is, for example, 3 to 90% by mass, and preferably 10 to 80% by mass. Further, the amount of the first solvent contained in the electrolytic solution may be 10 to 30% by mass. When the amount of the first solvent is within such a range, it is possible to suppress the adhesion between the conductive polymer layer and the inorganic conductive layer from being lowered, and to improve the repair function of the dielectric layer.
- Examples of the solute contained in the electrolytic solution include anion and cation salts, and an organic salt in which at least one of the anion and cation is an organic substance is preferable.
- Organic salts include trimethylamine maleate, triethylamine borodisalicylate, ethyldimethylamine phthalate, mono 1,2,3,4-tetramethylimidazolinium phthalate, mono 1,3-dimethyl-2-ethyl imidazole phthalate Examples include linium. Solutes may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the electrolytic capacitor includes a step of preparing a dispersion or solution (first treatment liquid) containing a conductive polymer (first step), a step of preparing an anode foil on which a dielectric layer is formed (second step), The first treatment liquid is applied to the step of preparing the cathode foil on which the inorganic conductive layer is formed (third step), the anode foil, the cathode foil, and, if necessary, the separator interposed between the anode foil and the cathode foil. It can be obtained through a step of impregnating a capacitor element (fourth step) and a step of impregnating the capacitor element with an electrolytic solution (fifth step). A conductive polymer layer can be formed through the fourth step. The solvent component may be removed at an appropriate stage. (I) First Step In the first step, a first treatment liquid containing a conductive polymer (and a dopant) and a solvent (second solvent) is prepared.
- the first treatment liquid can be obtained, for example, by dispersing or dissolving the conductive polymer (and the dopant) in the second solvent.
- the first treatment liquid is obtained by, for example, polymerizing a raw material of a conductive polymer (for example, a precursor of a monomer and / or oligomer of a conductive polymer) in the second solvent in the presence of a dopant. It can also be obtained.
- polymerization you may remove an unreacted raw material and a by-product as needed.
- polymerizing using a part of 2nd solvent you may add the remainder of a 2nd solvent to the obtained mixture.
- the second solvent is not particularly limited, and may be water or a non-aqueous solvent (such as an organic solvent or an ionic liquid). Especially, it is preferable that a 2nd solvent is a polar solvent.
- the polar solvent may be a protic solvent or an aprotic solvent.
- protic solvents examples include monohydric alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, etc.), polyols (alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol; glycerins such as glycerin and polyglycerin). Etc.), glycol monoethers such as diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, formaldehyde and water.
- monohydric alcohols methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, etc.
- polyols alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol
- polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol
- glycerins such as glycerin and polyglycerin
- glycol monoethers such as diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, formaldehyde and water.
- aprotic solvent examples include amides such as N-methylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, esters such as methyl acetate, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and ⁇ -butyrolactone, Examples thereof include ethers such as 1,4-dioxane (such as cyclic ethers), sulfones such as dimethyl sulfoxide and sulfolane, and carbonate compounds such as propylene carbonate (such as cyclic carbonates).
- amides such as N-methylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- esters such as methyl acetate
- ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and ⁇ -butyrolactone
- ethers such as 1,4-dioxane (such as cyclic ethers), sulfones such as dimethyl sulfox
- the second solvent is preferably a protic solvent.
- the second solvent preferably contains water.
- the second solvent contains a polyol, the conductivity of the conductive polymer layer can be easily increased (that is, the ESR can be further decreased). Therefore, the case where the second solvent contains a polyol is also preferred, and the case where a second solvent containing at least water and a polyol is used is also preferred.
- a dispersion in which a conductive polymer (and a dopant) is dispersed in a second solvent is preferable.
- the conductive polymer and / or dopant is preferably particles (or powder).
- the average particle size of the particles dispersed in the dispersion is preferably 5 to 100 nm.
- the average particle size can be determined from, for example, a particle size distribution by a dynamic light scattering method.
- the amount of the dopant contained in the first treatment liquid is preferably 10 to 1000 parts by mass, more preferably 50 to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the conductive polymer.
- the concentration of the conductive polymer (including dopant or polyanion) in the first treatment liquid is preferably 0.5 to 3% by mass.
- the first treatment liquid having such a concentration is suitable for adhering an appropriate amount of the conductive polymer, and is easy to be impregnated, and thus is advantageous in improving productivity.
- the 1st processing liquid may contain a publicly known additive etc. as needed.
- Second Step In the second step, as described above, the surface of the anode foil is subjected to, for example, chemical conversion treatment, thereby forming a dielectric layer on the surface of the anode foil.
- Third Step In the third step, a cathode foil having an inorganic conductive layer formed on the surface is prepared.
- the inorganic conductive layer can be formed by adhering a powdered conductive inorganic material to the surface of the cathode foil or by a method such as vacuum deposition.
- the inorganic conductive layer may be formed by applying a paste or slurry containing a conductive inorganic material and a binder to the surface of the cathode foil to form a coating film, and then drying the coating film. You may form by heat-processing a film
- An inorganic conductive layer including a deposited film of a conductive inorganic material may be formed by a vapor phase method such as chemical vapor deposition, vacuum deposition, sputtering, or ion plating. It can be formed by depositing the above inorganic material or the like on the surface of the cathode foil.
- the inorganic conductive layer containing metal nitride may be formed by performing a vapor phase method in a nitrogen gas atmosphere.
- an inorganic conductive layer is formed by forming a base layer on the surface of the cathode foil and forming a layer containing a conductive inorganic material on the base layer as described above. May be.
- the base layer constituting the inorganic conductive layer can be formed in the same manner as described above using a conductive inorganic material such as a metal or a conductive compound.
- the base layer is preferably formed by depositing a conductive inorganic material on the surface of the cathode foil using a vapor phase method.
- the first treatment liquid is impregnated into the anode foil on which the dielectric layer is formed, the cathode foil on which the inorganic conductive layer is formed, and, if necessary, the separator. More specifically, in the fourth step, the anode foil on which the dielectric layer was formed and the cathode foil on which the inorganic conductive layer was formed were wound with a separator interposed therebetween.
- the wound body may be impregnated with the first treatment liquid.
- the impregnation of the first treatment liquid may be performed by immersing the wound body in the first treatment liquid, or may be performed by injecting the first treatment liquid into the wound body.
- the inorganic conductive layer can be formed by roughening the cathode foil and depositing a conductive inorganic material on the surface of the roughened cathode foil by a vapor phase method.
- the impregnation with the first treatment liquid may be performed under atmospheric pressure, but may be performed under reduced pressure, for example, in an atmosphere of 10 to 100 kPa, preferably 40 to 100 kPa. Impregnation may be performed under ultrasonic vibration as necessary.
- the impregnation time depends on the size of the capacitor element 10, but is, for example, 1 second to 5 hours, preferably 1 minute to 30 minutes.
- the first treatment liquid may be impregnated into the anode foil and the cathode foil (further separator) and then dried as necessary. By drying, at least a part of the second solvent is removed. Drying may be performed under heating, and may be performed under reduced pressure as necessary.
- the impregnation of the electrolytic solution into the capacitor element 10 is not particularly limited and can be performed by a known method.
- the capacitor element 10 may be immersed in the electrolytic solution, or the electrolytic solution may be poured into a container that contains the capacitor element 10.
- the impregnation of the electrolytic solution into the capacitor element 10 may be performed under reduced pressure (for example, 10 to 100 kPa) as necessary.
- the capacitor element 10 may be sealed. More specifically, the capacitor element 10 is first housed in the bottomed case 11 so that the lead wires 14A and 14B are positioned on the upper surface of the bottomed case 11 that opens.
- a metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, copper, iron, brass, or an alloy thereof can be used.
- the sealing member 12 formed so that the lead wires 14 ⁇ / b> A and 14 ⁇ / b> B penetrate is disposed above the capacitor element 10, and the capacitor element 10 is sealed in the bottomed case 11.
- the sealing member 12 may be an insulating material.
- an elastic body is preferable, and among them, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber (hypalon rubber, etc.), butyl rubber, isoprene rubber and the like having high heat resistance are preferable.
- the wound type electrolytic capacitor has been described.
- the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above, and other electrolytic capacitors, for example, a chip type using a metal sintered body instead of the anode foil
- the present invention can also be applied to a multilayer electrolytic capacitor using a metal plate instead of the electrolytic capacitor of FIG.
- Example 1 In the following procedure, a wound electrolytic capacitor having a rated voltage of 35 V and a rated capacitance of 47 ⁇ F as shown in FIG. 1 was prepared and evaluated.
- cathode foil having an inorganic conductive layer A cathode foil having an inorganic conductive layer formed on the surface of the cathode foil was prepared.
- an aluminum foil (thickness: 30 ⁇ m) having a surface expansion ratio of 30 cm 2 / cm 2 whose surface was roughened by etching treatment was used.
- An inorganic conductive layer was formed on the surface of the cathode foil by ion plating of conductive carbon. The thickness of the inorganic conductive layer was 8 nm.
- the anode lead tab and the cathode lead tab were connected to the anode foil and the cathode foil, and the wound body was obtained by winding the anode foil and the cathode foil through the separator while winding the lead tab.
- An anode lead wire and a cathode lead wire were respectively connected to the end portions of the lead tabs protruding from the wound body.
- the produced wound body was subjected to a chemical conversion treatment again, and a dielectric layer was formed on the cut end portion of the anode foil.
- the end of the outer surface of the wound body was fixed with a winding tape.
- a mixed solution was prepared by dissolving 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and polystyrenesulfonic acid as a dopant in ion-exchanged water. While stirring the resulting solution, ferric sulfate and sodium persulfate (oxidant) dissolved in ion-exchanged water were added to perform a polymerization reaction. After the reaction, the resulting reaction solution is dialyzed to remove unreacted monomers and excess oxidizing agent, and a dispersion containing poly3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT-PSS) doped with polystyrene sulfonic acid Got.
- PEDOT-PSS poly3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene
- 5% by mass of ethylene glycol (first solvent) was added and stirred to prepare a dispersion-type first treatment liquid.
- the wound body was impregnated with the first treatment liquid for 5 minutes. Next, the wound body was heated at 150 ° C. for 20 minutes to remove the solvent component. In this way, a capacitor element in which a conductive polymer layer was formed between the anode foil and the cathode foil was produced.
- the capacitor element was impregnated with an electrolytic solution under reduced pressure.
- ⁇ BL and glycerin are the first solvent.
- Capacitor element sealing The capacitor element impregnated with the electrolytic solution was accommodated in an outer case as shown in FIG. 1 and sealed to produce an electrolytic capacitor. Similarly, a total of 300 electrolytic capacitors were produced.
- Capacitance ( ⁇ F) and ESR value (m ⁇ ) were measured as initial characteristics of the electrolytic capacitor. Specifically, the initial capacitance ( ⁇ F) at a frequency of 120 Hz was measured for the electrolytic capacitor using an LCR meter for 4-terminal measurement. Further, an ESR value (m ⁇ ) at a frequency of 100 kHz of the electrolytic capacitor was measured using an LCR meter for measuring four terminals.
- the electrostatic capacity ( ⁇ F) and ESR value (m ⁇ ) after a high temperature storage test at a temperature of 125 ° C. for 4000 hours were also measured in the same manner as in the case of the above initial characteristics.
- the electrostatic capacity and ESR value were measured for 120 electrolytic capacitors selected at random, and the average value was calculated.
- Example 2 An electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum foil (thickness: 30 ⁇ m) having a surface expansion ratio of 1.5 cm 2 / cm 2 , which was roughened by etching, was used as the cathode foil. Then, performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 3 As the cathode foil, an electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum foil (thickness: 20 ⁇ m) having a surface expansion ratio of 2 cm 2 / cm 2 , which was roughened by etching, was used. Performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 4 As the cathode foil, an electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum foil (thickness: 20 ⁇ m) having a surface expansion ratio of 10 cm 2 / cm 2 , which was roughened by etching, was used. Performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 5 As the cathode foil, an electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum foil (thickness: 40 ⁇ m) having a surface expansion ratio of 60 cm 2 / cm 2 , which was roughened by etching, was used. Performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 6 As the cathode foil, an electrolytic capacitor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum foil (thickness: 50 ⁇ m) having a surface expansion ratio of 80 cm 2 / cm 2 , which was roughened by etching, was used. Performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 7 As the cathode foil, an electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum foil (thickness: 70 ⁇ m) having a surface expansion ratio of 120 cm 2 / cm 2 , which was roughened by etching treatment, was used. Performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 8 As the cathode foil, an electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum foil (thickness: 130 ⁇ m) having a surface expansion ratio of 500 cm 2 / cm 2 , which was roughened by etching, was used. Performance evaluation was performed.
- Example 9 An electrolytic capacitor was prepared and evaluated for performance in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an inorganic conductive layer (thickness 10 nm) was formed on the surface of the cathode foil by vacuum deposition of nickel.
- Example 10 An electrolytic capacitor was prepared and evaluated for performance in the same manner as in Example 1, except that an inorganic conductive layer (thickness 10 nm) made of titanium nitride was formed on the surface of the cathode foil by vacuum deposition.
- Comparative Example 2 An electrolytic capacitor was produced and performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the same cathode foil as in Example 5 was used without forming the inorganic conductive layer.
- Comparative Example 3 Mix 1 part by weight of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene as a polymerizable monomer, 2 parts by weight of ferric p-toluenesulfonate as an oxidant and dopant component, and 4 parts by weight of n-butanol as a solvent To prepare a solution. The wound body produced in the same manner as in Example 1 was immersed in the obtained solution, pulled up, and then left at 85 ° C.
- Example 4 Comparative Example 4
- a solid electrolytic capacitor not using an electrolytic solution was produced.
- a capacitor element in which a conductive polymer layer was formed between an anode foil and a cathode foil was produced. The obtained capacitor element was housed in an outer case and sealed to obtain a solid electrolytic capacitor, and performance evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Table 1 shows the results of Examples and Comparative Examples. Examples 1 to 10 are A1 to A10, and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are B1 to B4.
- the initial capacity is high and the initial ESR is also kept low.
- the initial capacity was high, but the ESR was high.
- Comparative Example 2 in which the inorganic conductive layer was not formed, the capacity was low.
- Comparative Example 3 in which the conductive polymer layer was formed by polymerization, the ESR was high.
- a relatively high capacity can be secured even after leaving at a high temperature for 4000 hours, and an increase in ESR is suppressed.
- the capacities of Comparative Examples 1 and 3 are reduced and the ESR is remarkably high, and the capacity of Comparative Example 2 is greatly reduced.
- the present invention can be used for an electrolytic capacitor including a conductive polymer layer and an electrolytic solution.
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Abstract
Description
前記コンデンサ素子は、
誘電体層が形成された陽極箔と、
前記陽極箔と対向し、かつ無機系導電層が形成された陰極箔と、
前記陽極箔および前記陰極箔の間に介在し、かつ導電性高分子を含む導電性高分子層と、を備え、
前記陰極箔は、表面が粗面化されており、粗面化された前記表面に前記無機系導電層が形成されており、
前記導電性高分子層は、前記導電性高分子を含む分散体または溶液を用いて形成される、電解コンデンサに関する。
≪電解コンデンサ≫
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る製造方法により得られる電解コンデンサの断面模式図である。図2は、同電解コンデンサが含むコンデンサ素子の一部を展開した概略図である。
(コンデンサ素子)
(陽極箔)
陽極箔としては、例えば、表面が粗面化された金属箔が挙げられる。金属箔を構成する金属の種類は特に限定されないが、誘電体層の形成が容易である点から、アルミニウム、タンタル、ニオブなどの弁作用金属、または弁作用金属を含む合金を用いることが好ましい。
誘電体層は、陽極箔の表面に形成される。具体的には、誘電体層は、粗面化された金属箔の表面に形成されるため、陽極箔の表面の孔や窪み(ピット)の内壁面に沿って形成される。
陰極箔22には金属箔を用いてもよい。金属の種類は特に限定されないが、アルミニウム、タンタル、ニオブなどの弁作用金属または弁作用金属を含む合金を用いることが好ましい。
無機系導電層は、層全体として、導電性を有する無機材料で形成されることが望ましく、有機系材料で形成される導電性高分子層とは区別される。
セパレータ23としては、例えば、セルロース、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ビニロン、ポリアミド(例えば、脂肪族ポリアミド、アラミドなどの芳香族ポリアミド)の繊維を含む不織布などを用いてもよい。
導電性高分子層は、陽極箔21と陰極箔22との間に介在する。導電性高分子層は、陽極箔21の表面に形成された誘電体層の少なくとも一部の表面に、誘電体層を覆うように形成することが好ましく、誘電体層のできるだけ多くの領域を覆うように形成することがより好ましい。導電性高分子層は、陰極箔22の表面に形成された無機系導電層の少なくとも一部の表面に、無機系導電層を覆うように形成することが好ましく、無機系導電層のできるだけ多くの領域を覆うように形成することがより好ましい。コンデンサ素子が、セパレータを含む場合、導電性高分子層は、誘電体層および無機系導電層の表面だけでなく、セパレータの表面に形成されていてもよい。
導電性高分子層に含まれる導電性高分子としては、ポリピロール、ポリチオフェン、ポリフラン、ポリアニリン、ポリアセチレン、ポリフェニレン、ポリフェニレンビニレン、ポリアセン、ポリチオフェンビニレンなどが挙げられる。これらは単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよく、2種以上のモノマーの共重合体でもよい。
導電性高分子層は、ドーパントを含んでいてもよい。ドーパントは、導電性高分子にドープされた状態で導電性高分子層に含まれていてもよく、導電性高分子と結合した状態で導電性高分子層に含まれていてもよい。
固体電解コンデンサでは、カーボン層のような無機系導電層を陰極箔の表面に形成すると、高容量化が期待される。しかし、電解液を用いると、陰極における静電容量の発生を抑制し難い。そのため、従来、無機系導電層と電解液とを組み合わせても現実には高容量化は難しいと考えられていた。ところが、意外にも、本発明では、粗面化した陰極箔表面に、無機系導電層を形成し、導電性高分子を含む分散体または溶液を用いて導電性高分子層を形成すると、電解液を用いる場合でも、導電性高分子層と無機系導電層との密着性が低下することが抑制され、高い容量を確保できるとともに、ESRを低減することができることが分かった。また、電解液を含むことで、誘電体層の修復機能をさらに向上させることもできる。
≪電解コンデンサの製造方法≫
以下に、本発明の実施形態に係る電解コンデンサの製造方法の一例について、工程ごとに説明する。
(i)第1工程
第1工程では、導電性高分子(およびドーパント)と、溶媒(第2溶媒)とを含む第1処理液を調製する。
(ii)第2工程
第2工程では、前述のように、陽極箔の表面を例えば化成処理することにより、陽極箔の表面に誘電体層を形成する。
(iii)第3工程
第3工程では、表面に無機系導電層が形成された陰極箔を準備する。
(iv)第4工程
第4工程では、第1処理液を、誘電体層が形成された陽極箔、無機系導電層が形成された陰極箔、および必要によりセパレータに含浸させる。より具体的には、第4工程では、誘電体層が形成された陽極箔と、無機系導電層が形成された陰極箔とを、これらの間にセパレータを介在させた状態で巻回された巻回体に、第1処理液を含浸させてもよい。第1処理液の含浸は、巻回体を第1処理液に浸漬することにより行ってもよく、巻回体に第1処理液を注液することにより行ってもよい。なお、無機系導電層は、陰極箔を粗面化し、気相法により、粗面化された陰極箔の表面に導電性を有する無機材料を堆積させることにより形成できる。
(iii)第5工程
第5工程では、第4工程で得られたコンデンサ素子に、電解液を含浸させる。
(その他)
コンデンサ素子10は、封止してもよい。より具体的には、まず、リード線14A,14Bが有底ケース11の開口する上面に位置するように、コンデンサ素子10を有底ケース11に収納する。有底ケース11の材料としては、アルミニウム、ステンレス鋼、銅、鉄、真鍮などの金属あるいはこれらの合金を用いることができる。
《実施例1》
下記の手順で、図1に示すような、定格電圧35V、定格静電容量47μFの巻回型の電解コンデンサを作製し、評価を行った。
(1)電解コンデンサの製造
(誘電体層を有する陽極箔の準備)
厚さ100μmのアルミニウム箔にエッチング処理を行い、アルミニウム箔の表面を粗面化した。その後、アルミニウム箔の表面に、アジピン酸アンモニウム水溶液を用いる化成処理により、誘電体層を形成し、誘電体層を有する陽極箔を準備した。
陰極箔の表面に形成された無機系導電層を有する陰極箔を準備した。陰極箔としては、エッチング処理で表面を粗面化した、拡面率30cm2/cm2のアルミニウム箔(厚み:30μm)を用いた。陰極箔の表面に、導電性カーボンのイオンプレーティングにより無機系導電層を形成した。無機系導電層の厚みは8nmであった。
陽極箔および陰極箔に陽極リードタブおよび陰極リードタブを接続し、陽極箔と陰極箔とを、リードタブを巻き込みながら、セパレータを介して巻回することにより巻回体を得た。巻回体から突出する各リードタブの端部には、陽極リード線および陰極リード線をそれぞれ接続した。そして、作製された巻回体に対して、再度化成処理を行い、陽極箔の切断された端部に誘電体層を形成した。次に、巻回体の外側表面の端部を巻止めテープで固定した。
3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンと、ドーパントとしてのポリスチレンスルホン酸とを、イオン交換水に溶かした混合溶液を調製した。得られた溶液を撹拌しながら、イオン交換水に溶解させた硫酸第二鉄および過硫酸ナトリウム(酸化剤)を添加し、重合反応を行った。反応後、得られた反応液を透析して、未反応モノマーおよび過剰な酸化剤を除去し、ポリスチレンスルホン酸がドープされたポリ3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェン(PEDOT-PSS)を含む分散液を得た。分散液中のPEDOT-PSSの濃度は約2質量%であり、PSSとPEDOTとの質量比(=PSS:PEDOT)は、約2:1であった。得られた分散液に5質量%のエチレングリコール(第1溶媒)を添加して攪拌することにより、分散液状の第1処理液を調製した。
第1処理液を、巻回体に5分間含浸させた。次いで、巻回体を、150℃で20分間加熱することにより、溶媒成分を除去した。このようにして、陽極箔と陰極箔との間に導電性高分子層が形成されたコンデンサ素子を作製した。
次いで、コンデンサ素子に、減圧下で電解液を含浸させた。電解液としては、γBL:グリセリン:フタル酸モノ(エチルジメチルアミン)(溶質)=50:25:25(質量比)で含む溶液を用いた。電解液において、γBLおよびグリセリンは第1溶媒である。
(コンデンサ素子の封止)
電解液を含浸させたコンデンサ素子を、図1に示すような外装ケースに収容し、封止して、電解コンデンサを作製した。同様にして、合計300個の電解コンデンサを作製した。
(2)性能評価
(a)静電容量およびESR値
電解コンデンサの初期特性として、静電容量(μF)およびESR値(mΩ)を測定した。具体的には、電解コンデンサについて4端子測定用のLCRメータを用いて、周波数120Hzにおける初期静電容量(μF)を測定した。また、4端子測定用のLCRメータを用いて、電解コンデンサの周波数100kHzにおけるESR値(mΩ)を測定した。
電解コンデンサから電解液を抜き出して、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより、電解液中に含まれる第1溶媒の量(質量%)を測定した。その結果、電解液中の第1溶媒の量は76質量%であった。
《比較例1》
陰極箔として、粗面化していないアルミニウム箔(厚み:20μm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作製し、性能評価を行った。なお、使用したアルミニウム箔の拡面率は1cm2/cm2であった。
《実施例2》
陰極箔として、エッチング処理で表面を粗面化した、拡面率1.5cm2/cm2のアルミニウム箔(厚み:30μm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作製し、性能評価を行った。
《実施例3》
陰極箔として、エッチング処理で表面を粗面化した、拡面率2cm2/cm2のアルミニウム箔(厚み:20μm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作製し、性能評価を行った。
《実施例4》
陰極箔として、エッチング処理で表面を粗面化した、拡面率10cm2/cm2のアルミニウム箔(厚み:20μm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作製し、性能評価を行った。
《実施例5》
陰極箔として、エッチング処理で表面を粗面化した、拡面率60cm2/cm2のアルミニウム箔(厚み:40μm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作製し、性能評価を行った。
《実施例6》
陰極箔として、エッチング処理で表面を粗面化した、拡面率80cm2/cm2のアルミニウム箔(厚み:50μm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作製し、性能評価を行った。
《実施例7》
陰極箔として、エッチング処理で表面を粗面化した、拡面率120cm2/cm2のアルミニウム箔(厚み:70μm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作製し、性能評価を行った。
《実施例8》
陰極箔として、エッチング処理で表面を粗面化した、拡面率500cm2/cm2のアルミニウム箔(厚み:130μm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作製し、性能評価を行った。
《実施例9》
陰極箔の表面に、ニッケルの真空蒸着により無機系導電層(厚み10nm)を形成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作成し、性能評価を行なった。
《実施例10》
陰極箔の表面に、真空蒸着により窒化チタンからなる無機系導電層(厚み10nm)を形成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作成し、性能評価を行なった。
《比較例2》
実施例5と同じ陰極箔を、無機系導電層を形成せずに用いたこと以外は、実施例5と同様に、電解コンデンサを作製し、性能評価を行った。
《比較例3》
重合性モノマーである3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェン1質量部と、酸化剤兼ドーパント成分としてのp-トルエンスルホン酸第二鉄2質量部と、溶剤であるn-ブタノール4質量部とを混合して溶液を調製した。得られた溶液中に、実施例1と同様に作製した巻回体を浸漬し、引き上げた後、85℃で60分間放置することにより、陽極箔と陰極箔との間に導電性高分子層が形成されたコンデンサ素子を作製した。得られたコンデンサ素子を用いる以外は、実施例1と同様に、電解コンデンサを作製し、性能評価を行なった。電解コンデンサの電解液中の第1溶媒の量は75質量%であった。
《比較例4》
比較例4では、電解液を用いない固体電解コンデンサを作製した。実施例1と同様に、陽極箔と陰極箔との間に導電性高分子層が形成されたコンデンサ素子を作製した。得られたコンデンサ素子を外装ケースに収容し、封止して、固体電解コンデンサとし、実施例1と同様に性能評価を行なった。
Claims (8)
- コンデンサ素子と電解液とを備え、
前記コンデンサ素子は、
誘電体層が形成された陽極箔と、
前記陽極箔と対向し、かつ無機系導電層が形成された陰極箔と、
前記陽極箔および前記陰極箔の間に介在し、かつ導電性高分子を含む導電性高分子層と、を備え、
前記陰極箔は、表面が粗面化されており、粗面化された前記表面に前記無機系導電層が形成されており、
前記導電性高分子層は、前記導電性高分子を含む分散体または溶液を用いて形成される、電解コンデンサ。 - 前記陰極箔の前記表面の拡面率は、1.5~500cm2/cm2である、請求項1に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記陰極箔の前記表面は、エッチングにより粗面化されている、請求項1または2に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記無機系導電層の表面には、前記無機系導電層と前記導電性高分子層とが接触している第1領域と、前記無機系導電層と前記導電性高分子層とが接触していない第2領域とが形成されている、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記無機系導電層は、導電性カーボン、ニッケル、ニッケル化合物、チタン、およびチタン化合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記電解液は、沸点を有さないか、または沸点が180℃以上である第1溶媒を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記第1溶媒はポリオールを含む、請求項6に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記電解液中に含まれる前記第1溶媒の量は、3~90質量%である、請求項6または7に記載の電解コンデンサ。
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| CN201680023727.9A CN107533923B (zh) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-03-10 | 电解电容器 |
| DE112016001993.9T DE112016001993T5 (de) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-03-10 | Elektrolytkondensator |
| CN201910719197.7A CN110400697B (zh) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-03-10 | 电解电容器 |
| JP2017515365A JP7054870B2 (ja) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-03-10 | 電解コンデンサ |
| US15/725,344 US10262806B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2017-10-05 | Electrolytic capacitor |
| US16/287,618 US10685788B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2019-02-27 | Electrolytic capacitor |
| US16/869,519 US10896783B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2020-05-07 | Electrolytic capacitor |
| US17/121,693 US11348739B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2020-12-14 | Electrolytic capacitor |
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| CN105340034A (zh) | 2013-06-28 | 2016-02-17 | 佳里多控股公司 | 电解电容器用电解液及电解电容器 |
| WO2016174806A1 (ja) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-03 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電解コンデンサ |
| JP7117552B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-28 | 2022-08-15 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電解コンデンサ |
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2016
- 2016-03-10 WO PCT/JP2016/001333 patent/WO2016174806A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2016-03-10 JP JP2017515365A patent/JP7054870B2/ja active Active
- 2016-03-10 CN CN201910719197.7A patent/CN110400697B/zh active Active
- 2016-03-10 CN CN201680023727.9A patent/CN107533923B/zh active Active
- 2016-03-10 DE DE112016001993.9T patent/DE112016001993T5/de active Pending
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2017
- 2017-10-05 US US15/725,344 patent/US10262806B2/en active Active
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2019
- 2019-02-27 US US16/287,618 patent/US10685788B2/en active Active
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2020
- 2020-05-07 US US16/869,519 patent/US10896783B2/en active Active
- 2020-12-14 US US17/121,693 patent/US11348739B2/en active Active
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2021
- 2021-05-24 JP JP2021087039A patent/JP7233015B2/ja active Active
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2023
- 2023-02-08 JP JP2023017651A patent/JP7672061B2/ja active Active
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| TWI805776B (zh) * | 2018-06-11 | 2023-06-21 | 日商日本貴彌功股份有限公司 | 電極體、具備電極體的電解電容器以及電極體的製造方法 |
| US12340954B2 (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2025-06-24 | Nippon Chemi-Con Corporation | Electrode body, electrolytic capacitor provided with electrode body, and method for producing electrode body |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US10896783B2 (en) | 2021-01-19 |
| US10685788B2 (en) | 2020-06-16 |
| JP7672061B2 (ja) | 2025-05-07 |
| JP2023053035A (ja) | 2023-04-12 |
| US11348739B2 (en) | 2022-05-31 |
| US20200266004A1 (en) | 2020-08-20 |
| US20190259541A1 (en) | 2019-08-22 |
| DE112016001993T5 (de) | 2018-01-04 |
| US20180047511A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
| CN110400697A (zh) | 2019-11-01 |
| US20210098199A1 (en) | 2021-04-01 |
| JP2021145135A (ja) | 2021-09-24 |
| CN107533923B (zh) | 2019-08-30 |
| CN110400697B (zh) | 2023-03-03 |
| JP7233015B2 (ja) | 2023-03-06 |
| CN107533923A (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
| JPWO2016174806A1 (ja) | 2018-02-22 |
| US10262806B2 (en) | 2019-04-16 |
| JP7054870B2 (ja) | 2022-04-15 |
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