WO2016051645A1 - フレキシブル電池 - Google Patents
フレキシブル電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016051645A1 WO2016051645A1 PCT/JP2015/004072 JP2015004072W WO2016051645A1 WO 2016051645 A1 WO2016051645 A1 WO 2016051645A1 JP 2015004072 W JP2015004072 W JP 2015004072W WO 2016051645 A1 WO2016051645 A1 WO 2016051645A1
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- electrode
- active material
- material layer
- positive electrode
- negative electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0436—Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
- H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
- H01M50/178—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for pouch or flexible bag cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
- H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
- H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/562—Terminals characterised by the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- a biological information transmission apparatus has been developed that measures and monitors biological information such as body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse, and automatically sends information to a hospital or the like.
- a biological sticking type device that supplies a drug or the like through a living body skin by applying a potential has been developed.
- Such a flexible battery can be used in various forms such as charging / discharging in a bent state, charging / discharging in a horizontal state, or charging in a horizontal state and discharging in a bent state.
- the flexible battery is required not to impair the reliability of the battery no matter what form is used.
- the exterior body and the electrode group are flexible as in Patent Document 1
- the battery performance may be greatly reduced. This is considered due to the formation of a portion where the positive electrode and the negative electrode are not opposed in the bent state.
- the negative electrode is made larger than the positive electrode for the purpose of preventing the deposition of dendrites on the negative electrode.
- an electrode group in which two negative electrodes larger than the positive electrode are laminated via the positive electrode are bent, the negative electrode and the positive electrode have different curvatures. And the end of the positive electrode may be misaligned.
- the flexible battery of one aspect of the present invention includes a first electrode D1, a second electrode D2, and a sheet-like electrode group including an electrolyte layer interposed between the first electrode D1 and the second electrode D2, and the first electrode D1. And a pair of electrode lead terminals respectively connected to the second electrode D2, and an exterior body that houses the electrode group.
- the first electrode D1 and the second electrode D2 are all rectangular in shape, the first electrode D1 and the second electrode D2 of the side S1 t side of the electrode group, one end of each electrode lead terminals connected, the first electrode D1 includes a first current collector and a first active material layer A1 formed on the surface of the first current collector.
- the present invention it is possible to obtain a flexible battery in which performance degradation is unlikely to occur even when charging and discharging are repeated in a bent state. Therefore, even when a flexible battery is mounted on a device that requires flexibility, the device can be used for a long time.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of an electrode group according to a second embodiment of the flexible battery in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of an electrode group according to a third embodiment of the flexible battery in FIG. 1. It is explanatory drawing which shows a bending test method.
- the electrode group may be substantially rectangular.
- the substantially rectangular shape is, for example, a square, a rectangle having at least one round corner, a trapezoid whose inner angle is close to 90 ° (for example, about 80 to 100 °), or a parallelogram.
- the electrode group and the first electrode and the second electrode constituting the electrode group are preferably rectangular when viewed from one main surface.
- the first electrode and the second electrode may include a rectangular or substantially rectangular main part on which the active material layer is formed, and a lead tab that extends from the main part and joins the lead wires.
- the number of stacked first electrodes and / or second electrodes are each preferably 8 layers or less, and more preferably 5 layers or less.
- the thickness of the battery is preferably 2 mm or less, more preferably about 0.3 to 1.5 mm, and particularly preferably about 0.4 to 1.5 mm.
- the first electrode 2 (D1) constituting the electrode group 10 includes a first current collector 5 and a first active material layer A1 on one side, and the second electrode 3 (D2) is a second current collector.
- the electric body 6 is provided with a second active material layer A2 on both sides thereof.
- Electrode lead terminals 30 and 40 are joined to portions (for example, lead tabs) where the active material layer of the first electrode D1 and the second electrode D2 on the one side S1 t side of the electrode group 10 is not formed.
- the lead tab of the first electrode D1 to which the electrode lead terminal 30 is not joined is welded to the lead tab to which the electrode lead terminal 30 is joined, and is electrically joined.
- each lead tab is electrically joined by welding or the like. In FIG. 2 and FIGS. 4 and 5 to be described later, the state where the lead tabs are welded is not shown for convenience.
- the non-facing portion P t and P n is a shortest length LA t in a direction perpendicular to S1 t of the non-facing portion P t, a direction perpendicular to S1 t of the non-opposing portions P n and shortest length LA n in is in the horizontal state shown in FIG. 2 (a), satisfy the relationship of LA t ⁇ LA n.
- the non-facing portion P of the first active material layer A1 with the second active material layer A2 is not particularly limited as long as it is disposed at least on the S1 t side and S1 n side of the first active material layer A1.
- the non-opposing portion P may be arranged along a side in a direction perpendicular to S1 t of the first active material layer A1.
- the first active material layer A1 and the second active material layer A2 have the positional relationship as described above, as shown in FIG. 2B, in addition to the horizontal state shown in FIG. Even when the vicinity of t is fixed, the S1 n side is pulled downward (or upward) in the drawing, and the electrode group 10 is bent, the entire surface of the second active material layer A2 on both main surfaces of the second electrode D2 Can face any first active material layer A1 of two adjacent first electrodes D1. Therefore, even when charging / discharging is repeatedly performed in a bent state, a decrease in battery performance is suppressed.
- the non-facing portion P n in the first active material layer A1 disposed on the second electrode D2 that is outside the bend is smaller than in the horizontal state. Can be. Therefore, it is not necessary to satisfy LA t ⁇ LA n in the bent state.
- the first active material layer A1 includes the non-facing portion Pn .
- the non-facing portion P n in the first active material layer A1 disposed below the second electrode D2 that is inside the bend can be larger than in the horizontal state.
- the negative electrode is made larger than the positive electrode, and the positive electrode is arranged in the center of the negative electrode.
- the length of the non-opposing portion is usually set to about 1/20 of the length in the corresponding direction of the positive electrode active material layer.
- LA t may be approximately the same as the conventional one.
- LA t may be 1/200 to 1/10 of the length LA 2 in the direction perpendicular to S1 t of the second active material layer A2.
- LA n is as long as it satisfies the LA t ⁇ LA n, is not particularly limited.
- LA n has a size that at least compensates for a deviation between the first active material layer A1 and the second active material layer A2 adjacent to the first active material layer A2 caused by a difference in curvature when the electrode group is bent. May be. From this point of view, LA n can be set as follows.
- a method for setting LA n will be described with reference to FIG. 3 showing the first active material layer A1 and the second active material layer adjacent thereto.
- the average radius of curvature of the second active material layer A2 is r
- the thickness of one active material layer A1 is TD 1
- the thickness of a second active material layer A2 adjacent thereto is TD 2
- the electrolyte layer is interposed between the first active material layer A1 and the second active material layer A2.
- T E the thickness of.
- the second electrode D2 is provided with the second active material layer A2 on both sides of the second current collector 6, the TD 2, the second active material layer formed on one side of the second current collector 6 A2 Of the thickness.
- the radius of curvature may vary depending on the location of the electrode group. However, if the average radius of curvature is r, the electrode group may be considered to be bent in the shape of a circle with the radius of curvature r. it can.
- the curvature radius r is based on the main surface inside the bend of the second active material layer A2. In other words, the inner main surface of the second active material layer A2 can be regarded as drawing an arc (length LA 2 ) having a radius r and a center angle ⁇ (rad).
- LA 2 is represented by r ⁇ ⁇ (rad) (in other words, ⁇ (rad) is LA 2 / r), and LA 1 is represented by (r + TD 1 + T E + TD 2 ) ⁇ ⁇ . It is.
- LA n preferably satisfies 2LA t ⁇ LA n in the horizontal state.
- LA n is preferably smaller than 100 times LA t .
- LA n is greater than 1/50 of the LA 2, preferably smaller than 1/5 of the LA 2.
- LA n may be larger than 1 ⁇ 2 of TD 1 + T E + TD 2 , may be larger than 5 times, or may be larger than 8 times. If LA n is within this range, the entire surface of the second active material layer A2 can easily face the first active material layer A1 adjacent thereto.
- the electrode group is constituted by the D1 / D2 / D1 m / D2 / D1 (See FIG. 4).
- the intermediate first electrode D1 m includes a first active material layer A1 on both sides of the first current collector 5.
- the TD 1 is the thickness of the first active material layer A1 formed on one side of the first current collector 5.
- a non-facing portion Pt and a non-facing portion P n are formed, respectively.
- the two first electrodes D1 arranged on the outer side also each include a non-facing portion Pt and a non-facing portion Pn .
- the shortest length LA n length LA t and non-facing portions P n of the shortest non-facing portion P t to the first electrode D1 is provided, in a horizontal state, meets LA t ⁇ LA n.
- the S1 n side is pulled downward (or upward) in the drawing, and the electrode group 10 is bent, the second surfaces on both main surfaces of the second electrode D2 are also bent.
- the entire surface of the active material layer A2 can face any first active material layer A1 of the first electrode D1 adjacent thereto.
- the present embodiment is the same as the second embodiment except that the size of the second active material layer A2 of the second electrode 3 (D2) is changed (see FIG. 5).
- the size of the second active material layer A2 of the second electrode 3 (D2) is changed (see FIG. 5).
- FIG. 5 when the vicinity of S1 t is fixed and the S1 n side is pulled downward from the paper surface, the size of the second active material layer A2 of the second electrode D2 b below the paper surface (inside the bend) is increased.
- the thickness may be smaller than the upper (outside of the bent) second active material layer A2.
- non-opposing portions P n of different lengths are non-opposing portions P n of different lengths, respectively.
- the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is formed on a part of the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode current collector include metal materials such as metal films, metal foils, and metal fiber nonwoven fabrics.
- the metal foil may be an electrolytic metal foil obtained by an electrolytic method or a rolled metal foil obtained by a rolling method.
- the electrolytic method has the advantages that it is excellent in mass productivity and relatively low in production cost.
- the rolling method is easy in thickness reduction and is advantageous in terms of weight reduction.
- a rolled metal foil is preferable in that it is crystallized along the rolling direction and has excellent bending resistance.
- the metal species used for the negative electrode current collector include copper, nickel, magnesium, and stainless steel. These metal species may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the thickness of the negative electrode current collector 10 is preferably 5 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 8 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode active material layer may include a negative electrode active material, and may be a mixture layer including a binder and a conductive agent as necessary.
- the negative electrode active material is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from known materials and compositions. Examples thereof include metallic lithium, lithium alloys, carbon materials (natural and artificial graphites, etc.), silicides (silicon alloys), silicon oxides, lithium-containing titanium compounds (for example, lithium titanate), and the like.
- the second electrode D2 is preferably a positive electrode.
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is formed on a part of the positive electrode current collector.
- the positive electrode current collector include metal materials such as metal films, metal foils, and metal fiber nonwoven fabrics. Examples of the metal species used include silver, nickel, titanium, gold, platinum, aluminum, and stainless steel. These metal species may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the thickness of the positive electrode current collector is preferably 5 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 8 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the positive electrode active material layer may include a positive electrode active material, and may be a mixture layer including a binder and a conductive agent as necessary.
- the positive electrode active material is not particularly limited.
- lithium-containing composite oxides such as Li xa CoO 2 , Li xa NiO 2 , Li xa MnO 2 , Li xa Co y Ni 1-y O 2 , Li xa Co y M 1-y O z , Li xa Ni 1-y M y O z, Li xb Mn 2 O 4, etc. Li xb Mn 2-y M y O 4 and the like.
- xa and xb increase / decrease by charging / discharging.
- the materials exemplified for the negative electrode can be exemplified as well. Moreover, these compounding quantities are the same as that of the negative electrode.
- the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer is preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, for example. If the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer is 1 ⁇ m or more, a sufficient capacity can be maintained. On the other hand, when the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer is 300 ⁇ m or less, the flexibility of the positive electrode is increased, and the bending load applied to the current collector tends to be reduced.
- the positive electrode is disposed at the end (outermost layer) of the electrode group, the positive electrode active material layer is formed only on one surface of the positive electrode current collector constituting the positive electrode at the end, and is disposed in the inner layer portion. The positive electrode is formed on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode at the end is arranged with the surface on which the positive electrode active material layer is formed facing inward.
- the material of the positive electrode lead terminal is not particularly limited as long as it is electrochemically and chemically stable and has conductivity, and may be a metal or a nonmetal. Among these, a metal foil is preferable. Examples of the metal foil include aluminum foil, aluminum alloy foil, and stainless steel foil.
- the thickness of the positive electrode lead terminal is preferably 25 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the electrolyte layer is not particularly limited.
- a dry polymer electrolyte in which an electrolyte salt is contained in a polymer matrix a gel polymer electrolyte in which a polymer matrix is impregnated with a solvent and an electrolyte salt, an inorganic solid electrolyte, a liquid electrolyte (electrolyte) in which an electrolyte salt is dissolved in a solvent, etc.
- the material used for the polymer matrix is not particularly limited, and for example, a material that gels by absorbing the liquid electrolyte can be used.
- a material that gels by absorbing the liquid electrolyte can be used.
- Specific examples include a fluororesin containing a vinylidene fluoride unit, an acrylic resin containing a (meth) acrylic acid and / or (meth) acrylic acid ester unit, and a polyether resin containing a polyalkylene oxide unit.
- Examples of the electrolyte salt include LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , and imide salts.
- Examples of the solvent include cyclic carbonates such as propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), and butylene carbonate; chain carbonates such as diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl methyl carbonate, and dimethyl carbonate; ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇
- Non-aqueous solvents such as cyclic carboxylic acid esters such as valerolactone; dimethoxyethane;
- the inorganic solid electrolyte is not particularly limited, and an inorganic material having ionic conductivity can be used.
- the exterior body includes PE / Al layer / PE laminate film, acid-modified PP / PET / Al layer / PET laminate film, acid-modified PE / PA / Al layer / PET laminate film, ionomer resin /
- examples thereof include a laminate film of Ni layer / PE / PET, a laminate film of ethylene vinyl acetate / PE / Al layer / PET, and a laminate film of ionomer resin / PET / Al layer / PET.
- an inorganic compound layer such as an Al 2 O 3 layer or a SiO 2 layer may be used.
- the flexible battery of the present invention can be produced, for example, as follows. Here, a case where the first electrode is a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery and the second electrode is a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery is shown.
- the negative electrode lead terminal can be joined to a lead tab formed on the negative electrode by various welding methods.
- the area of the negative electrode active material layer formed on the negative electrode may be different for each negative electrode.
- the area of the negative electrode active material layer can be changed by appropriately changing the area where the negative electrode mixture slurry is applied to the negative electrode current collector.
- the area of the negative electrode active material layer can be changed by changing the size of the foil.
- the positive electrode lead terminal can be joined to, for example, a lead tab formed on the second electrode by various welding methods.
- the area of the positive electrode active material layer formed on the positive electrode may be different for each positive electrode or for each main surface of the positive electrode.
- the area of the positive electrode active material layer can be changed by appropriately changing the area where the positive electrode mixture slurry is applied to the positive electrode current collector.
- the electrolyte layer is prepared by mixing an inorganic solid electrolyte powder with a binder, applying it to a film and then peeling it, forming a deposited film of an inorganic solid electrolyte on a film, then peeling it, polymer matrix, solvent and electrolyte salt And a method of impregnating the separator with a solvent and an electrolyte salt (electrolytic solution).
- the separator may be impregnated with the solvent and the electrolyte salt after the electrode group is inserted into the outer package.
- the electrode group is accommodated in the exterior body such that the other ends of the positive electrode lead terminal and the negative electrode lead terminal are drawn out of the exterior body.
- a predetermined portion is heat-sealed with a hot plate or the like under reduced pressure, and sealed.
- an electrolyte solvent and / or electrolyte salt
- a flexible battery is produced.
- first electrode D1 100 parts by mass of graphite (negative electrode active material) having an average particle diameter of 22 ⁇ m and VdF-HFP copolymer (content of VdF unit 5 mol%, binder) 8 masses Part and an appropriate amount of NMP were mixed to obtain a paste-like negative electrode mixture.
- Two pieces of copper foil (negative electrode current collector, thickness 8 ⁇ m) were cut into a shape having a rectangular main part (long side 47 mm, short side 18 mm) and a lead tab extending from one short side of the main part.
- a paste-like negative electrode mixture was applied to the main part of one side of the obtained cut piece, dried at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then compressed by a roll press. In this way, two negative electrodes D1 (first electrode D1) having a negative electrode active material layer (thickness: 100 ⁇ m) on one side of the main part were produced.
- one end of a nickel negative electrode lead terminal (width: 1.5 mm, thickness: 50 ⁇ m) was ultrasonically welded to the lead tab on the surface of the negative electrode D1 on which the negative electrode active material layer was not formed. .
- Second electrode D2 LiCoO 2 (positive electrode active material) having an average particle diameter of 20 ⁇ m, acetylene black (conductive agent), and PVdF (binder) are combined with LiCoO 2 : acetylene black: PVdF. After mixing in NMP so that the mass ratio was 100: 2: 2, an appropriate amount of NMP was added to adjust the viscosity to obtain a paste-like positive electrode mixture.
- a paste-like positive electrode mixture was applied to both surfaces of an aluminum foil (positive electrode current collector, thickness 15 ⁇ m). This was dried at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes and then compressed by a roll press to form positive electrode active material layers (thickness of 50 ⁇ m) on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.
- the positive electrode active material layer formed on both surfaces of the lead tab portion was peeled off to produce a positive electrode D2 having a positive electrode active material layer on both surfaces.
- one end of an aluminum positive electrode lead terminal (width 3 mm, thickness 50 ⁇ m) was ultrasonically welded to one surface of the lead tab.
- LiPF 6 electrolyte salt
- a gel polymer electrolyte solution was prepared using DMC as a solvent.
- the obtained gel polymer electrolyte solution was uniformly applied to both sides of a 9 ⁇ m thick porous polyethylene separator, the solvent was volatilized, and the separator was impregnated with the gel polymer electrolyte (long side 50 mm, short side 20 mm).
- the two produced negative electrodes D1 and positive electrode D2 were laminated so that LA t was 0.5 mm and LA n was 1.5 mm (see FIG. 2).
- the lead tabs of the two negative electrodes were electrically joined by ultrasonic welding. Then, it hot-pressed at 90 degreeC and 1.0 MPa for 30 second, and produced the electrode group (thickness 350 micrometers).
- the barrier layer is an aluminum foil (thickness 20 ⁇ m), and a PE film (thickness 30 ⁇ m) is provided as a sealing layer on one side of the barrier layer, and a nylon film is provided as a protective layer (thickness 20 ⁇ m) on the other side.
- a film material nylon protective layer / Al layer / PE seal layer
- the exterior body in which the electrode group was inserted was placed in an atmosphere adjusted to a pressure of 660 mmHg, and the opening was heat-sealed in this atmosphere.
- a flexible battery having a long side of 60 mm, a short side of 25 mm, and a thickness of 0.49 mm was produced.
- Example 2 Example 1 except that two negative electrodes D1 and two positive electrodes D2 produced in the same manner as in Example 1 and a negative electrode D1 m having a negative electrode active material layer (100 ⁇ m thickness each) formed on both surfaces were used. Similarly, a flexible battery (thickness 0.84 mm) having a structure of ⁇ negative electrode / positive electrode / negative electrode (D1 m ) / positive electrode / negative electrode> as shown in FIG. 4 was produced.
- Example 4 Implementation was performed except that two negative electrodes D1 and positive electrode D2 produced in the same manner as in Example 1, negative electrode D1 m produced in the same manner as in Example 2, and positive electrode D2 b produced in the following manner were used.
- a flexible battery having a structure of ⁇ negative electrode / positive electrode / negative electrode (D1 m ) / positive electrode (D2 b ) / negative electrode as shown in FIG. 5 was produced. Incidentally, it was LA t 0.5mm, LA n1 1.5mm, LA n2 2.5mm.
- Example 1 A flexible battery having a ⁇ negative electrode / positive electrode / negative electrode> structure as shown in FIG. 7 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the length of the long side of the positive electrode current collector was 46 mm. Both LA t and LA n were set to 0.5 mm.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 the average bending radius of the main surface on the bending side of the positive electrode active material layer on the innermost side of bending was about 30.2 mm.
- the average bending radius of the principal surface on the bending side of the positive electrode active material layer located on the innermost side of the bending is about 30.2 mm, and the bending side of the positive electrode active material layer located on the outermost side of the bending
- the average bending radius of the main surface at 3 was about 30.6 mm.
- the flexible battery of the present invention is not limited to electronic paper, IC tags, multi-function cards, and electronic keys, but can be mounted on various electronic devices such as biological information measuring devices and iontophoresis transdermal administration devices.
- the flexible battery of the present invention is useful for mounting on a flexible electronic device, specifically, an electronic device that requires high cycle characteristics with respect to a built-in battery.
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Abstract
Description
以下、電極群の第1実施形態について、図2(a)および(b)を参照しながら説明する。
LA1-LA2
=(r+TD1+TE+TD2)×θ-r×θ
=(TD1+TE+TD2)×θ
=(TD1+TE+TD2)×LA2/r
の式に基づいて算出することができ、これからLAnを決定することができる。
本実施形態では、第1実施形態に、さらに第二電極3(D2)および第一電極2(D1)が積層されており、電極群は、D1/D2/D1m/D2/D1によって構成されている(図4参照)。中間の第一電極D1mは、第一集電体5の両面に第一活物質層A1を備えている。この場合、上記TD1は、第一集電体5の片面に形成された第一活物質層A1の厚みである。第一電極D1mの第一活物質層A1には、非対向部分Ptおよび非対向部分Pnがそれぞれ形成されている。外側に配置された2枚の第一電極D1も、それぞれ非対向部分Ptおよび非対向部分Pnを備えている。各第一電極D1が備える非対向部分Ptの最短の長さLAtと非対向部分Pnの最短の長さLAnとは、水平状態で、LAt<LAnを満たしている。
本実施形態は、第二電極3(D2)の第二活物質層A2の大きさを変えたこと以外は、第2実施形態と同じである(図5参照)。図5に示すように、S1t付近を固定して、S1n側を紙面の下方に引張る場合、紙面の下方(屈曲の内側)にある第二電極D2bの第二活物質層A2の大きさを、上方(屈曲の外側)の第二活物質層A2より小さくしてもよい。この場合、中間の第一電極D1mの両面の第一活物質層A1は、水平状態において、それぞれ長さの異なる(図5におけるLAn1およびLAn2)非対向部分Pnを備える。これにより、フレキシブル電池の屈曲の程度が第2実施形態よりも大きい場合や、フレキシブル電池が厚い場合であっても、第二活物質層A2の全面を、これと隣接する第一活物質層A1に対向させることがさらに容易となる。非対向部分Ptの長さは、それぞれ同じであっても良いし、異なっていても良い。
第一電極D1は、サイクル特性を向上させる観点から、負極であることが好ましい。
負極リード端子の材質は、電気化学的および化学的に安定であり、導電性を有するものであれば、特に限定されず、金属であっても非金属であってもよい。なかでも、金属箔であることが好ましい。金属箔としては、例えば、銅箔、銅合金箔、ニッケル箔、ステンレス鋼箔などが挙げられる。負極リード端子の厚みは、25~200μmが好ましく、50~100μmがより好ましい。
第二電極D2は、好ましくは正極である。正極は、正極集電体と正極活物質層とを含み、正極活物質層は、正極集電体の一部に形成されている。正極集電体としては、金属フィルム、金属箔および金属繊維の不織布などの金属材料が挙げられる。使用される金属種としては、例えば、銀、ニッケル、チタン、金、白金、アルミニウムおよびステンレス鋼などが挙げられる。これら金属種は単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせてもよい。正極集電体の厚みは、5~30μmが好ましく、8~15μmがより好ましい。
正極リード端子の材質は、電気化学的および化学的に安定であり、導電性を有するものであれば、特に限定されず、金属であっても非金属であってもよい。なかでも、金属箔であることが好ましい。金属箔としては、例えば、アルミニウム箔、アルミニウム合金箔、ステンレス鋼箔などが挙げられる。正極リード端子の厚みは、25~200μmが好ましく、50~100μmがより好ましい。
電解質層としては、特に限定されない。例えば、ポリマーマトリックスに電解質塩を含有させたドライポリマー電解質、ポリマーマトリックスに溶媒と電解質塩とを含浸させたゲルポリマー電解質、無機固体電解質、溶媒に電解質塩が溶解された液体電解質(電解液)などが挙げられる。
電解質層には、短絡防止のためにセパレータを含ませてもよい。セパレータの材料としては、特に限定されず、所定のイオン透過度、機械的強度および絶縁性を有する多孔質シートなどが挙げられる。例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン、ポリアミド、ポリアミドイミド等のポリアミド、または、セルロースなどからなる多孔性フィルムや不織布などが好ましい。セパレータの厚さは、例えば8~30μmである。
外装体は、特に限定されないが、ガス透過率が低く、柔軟性が高いフィルム材料で構成されることが好ましい。具体的には、バリア層の両面または片面に形成された樹脂層を含むラミネートフィルムなどが挙げられる。バリア層としては、強度、ガスバリア性能、曲げ剛性の観点から、アルミニウム、ニッケル、ステンレス鋼、チタン、鉄、白金、金、銀などの金属材料や、酸化ケイ素、酸化マグネシウム、酸化アルミニウムなどの無機材料(セラミックス材料)を含むことが好ましい。同様の観点から、バリア層の厚みは、5~50μmであることが好ましい。
負極活物質と、導電剤と、結着剤とを混合して負極合剤を調製し、この負極合剤をN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)などの溶剤に分散させて負極合剤スラリーを調製する。次に、この負極合剤スラリーを負極集電体の片面あるいは両面に塗布する。このとき、負極合剤スラリーは負極集電体の一部にのみ塗布し、負極合剤スラリーを塗布しない部分(例えば、リードタブ)を形成しても良い。次いで、溶剤を乾燥させた後、ロールプレス機などにより圧縮成形して、負極を作製する。負極活物質層が金属リチウムおよび/またはリチウム合金である場合は、その箔を負極集電体に圧着して、負極を作製してもよい。
正極活物質と、導電剤と、結着剤とを混合して正極合剤を調製し、この正極合剤をNMPなどの溶剤に分散させて正極合剤スラリーを調製する。次に、この正極合剤スラリーを正極集電体の片面あるいは両面に塗布する。このとき、正極合剤スラリーは正極集電体の一部にのみ塗布し、正極合剤スラリーを塗布しない部分(例えば、リードタブ)を形成しても良い。溶剤を乾燥させた後、ロールプレス機などにより圧縮成形して、正極を作製する。
電解質層は、無機固体電解質の粉末をバインダーと混合して、フィルムに塗布した後、剥離する方法、無機固体電解質の堆積膜をフィルムに形成した後、剥離する方法、ポリマーマトリックスと溶媒と電解質塩とをセパレータに含浸させる方法、溶媒と電解質塩(電解液)とをセパレータに含浸させる方法などにより、作製することができる。溶媒と電解質塩とをセパレータに含浸させるのは、電極群を外装体に挿入した後でもよい。
作製された正極と負極とを、電解質層を介して重ね合わせ、電極群を構成する。このとき、LAt<LAnとなるように、負極(第一電極D1)と正極(第二電極D2)とを積層する。
電極群を、外装体の外部に正極リード端子および負極リード端子の他方の端部がそれぞれ引き出されるように、外装体に収容する。次いで、減圧下において熱板などで所定箇所を熱融着して、封止する。このとき、外装体の一辺を残して、熱板などで熱融着した後、袋状になった外装体の開口部から電解液(溶媒および/または電解質塩)を注液し、その後、残りの一辺を減圧下で封止してもよい。これにより、フレキシブル電池が作製される。
以下、本発明の実施例を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
以下の手順で、<負極/正極/負極>の構造を有するフレキシブル電池を作製した。
平均粒径22μmの黒鉛(負極活物質)100質量部と、VdF-HFP共重合体(VdF単位の含有量5モル%、結着剤)8質量部と、適量のNMPとを混合して、ペースト状の負極合剤を得た。
平均粒径20μmのLiCoO2(正極活物質)と、アセチレンブラック(導電剤)と、PVdF(結着剤)とを、LiCoO2:アセチレンブラック:PVdFの質量比が100:2:2となるようにNMP中で混合した後、NMPをさらに適量加えて粘度を調整し、ペースト状の正極合剤を得た。
EC:PC:DEC=40:5:55(体積比)の割合で混合して得られた非水溶媒に、LiPF6(電解質塩)を1mol/Lとなるように溶解させて、液体電解質を調製した。
作製された2枚の負極D1および正極D2を、LAt0.5mm、LAn1.5mmとなるように積層した(図2参照)。次いで、2枚の負極のリードタブ同士を、超音波溶接により電気的に接合した。その後、90℃、1.0MPaで30秒間熱プレスして、電極群(厚み350μm)を作製した。
バリア層がアルミニウム箔(厚み20μm)であり、バリア層の一方の面にシール層としてPEフィルム(厚み30μm)、他方の面に保護層(厚み20μm)としてナイロンフィルムを備えたフィルム材料(ナイロン保護層/Al層/PEシール層)を準備した。このフィルム材料を、60mm×25mmの袋状の外装体に成形した後、外装体の開口部から正極リード端子および負極リード端子の他方の端部が外部へ露出するように、電極群を挿入した。電極群が挿入された外装体を、圧力660mmHgに調整された雰囲気中に置き、この雰囲気内において開口部を熱融着した。これにより、長辺60mm×短辺25mm×厚み0.49mmのフレキシブル電池を作製した。
実施例1と同様に作製した2枚の負極D1および2枚の正極D2と、両面に負極活物質層(厚み各100μm)を形成した負極D1mとを使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、図4に示すような<負極/正極/負極(D1m)/正極/負極>の構造を有するフレキシブル電池(厚み0.84mm)を作製した。
実施例2と同様に作製した3枚の負極(D1(2枚)およびD1m)、および、以下に示すようにして作製した2枚の正極D2を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、図4に示すような<負極/正極/負極/正極/負極>の構造を有するフレキシブル電池を作製した。なお、LAt0.8mm、LAn1.2mmとした。
正極集電体の主要部を長辺42mm×短辺16mmとしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、両面に同じ大きさの正極活物質層を有する正極D2を2枚作製した。
実施例1と同様に作製した2枚の負極D1および正極D2と、実施例2と同様に作製した負極D1mと、以下に示すようにして作製した正極D2bを使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、図5に示すような<負極/正極/負極(D1m)/正極(D2b)/負極>の構造を有するフレキシブル電池を作製した。なお、LAt0.5mm、LAn11.5mm、LAn22.5mmとした。
正極集電体の主要部を長辺44mm×短辺16mmとしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、両面に同じ大きさの正極活物質層を有する正極D2bを作製した。
正極集電体の長辺の長さを46mmにしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、図7に示すような<負極/正極/負極>の構造を有するフレキシブル電池を作製した。なお、LAtおよびLAnをともに0.5mmとした。
作製したフレキシブル電池に対して、25℃の環境下にて、以下の充放電を行い、水平状態での初期容量を求めた。ただし、フレキシブル電池の設計容量を1C(mAh)とする。
(2)定電圧充電:4.2V(終止電流0.05CmA)
(3)定電流放電:0.2CmA(終止電圧3V)
[放電容量維持率]
作製したフレキシブル電池について、以下に示す屈曲状態で、上記充放電(1)~(3)を1サイクルとする充放電を500サイクル行った。500サイクル後に上記と同じ条件で水平状態での放電容量を測定し、(500サイクル後の放電容量/初期の放電容量)×100(%)の計算式で、放電容量維持率を求めた。容量維持率は、それぞれ10個のセルの平均値として算出した。結果を表1に示す。
2 第一電極(D1)
3 第二電極(D2)
4 電解質層
5 第一集電体
6 第二集電体
10,11 電極群
20 外装体
30,40 電極リード端子
50 治具
200 負極
200A 負極活物質層
300 正極
300A 正極活物質層
400 電解質層
500 負極集電体
600 正極集電体
Claims (5)
- 第一電極D1、第二電極D2および前記第一電極D1と前記第二電極D2との間に介在する電解質層を備えるシート状の電極群と、
前記第一電極D1および前記第二電極D2にそれぞれ接続する一対の電極リード端子と、
前記電極群を収容する外装体と、を備えるフレキシブル電池であって、
前記第一電極D1および前記第二電極D2は、すべて矩形の形状であり、
前記電極群の一辺S1t側の前記第一電極D1および前記第二電極D2に、前記各電極リード端子の一端が接続し、
前記第一電極D1は、第一集電体と、前記第一集電体の表面に形成された第一活物質層A1と、を備え、
前記第二電極D2は、第二集電体と、前記第二集電体の表面に形成された第二活物質層A2と、を備え、
前記第一電極D1の少なくとも一方の主面の前記第一活物質層A1は、前記S1t側に前記第二電極D2の一方の主面の前記第二活物質層A2との非対向部分Ptを備え、かつ、前記S1tと反対側に前記第二電極D2の一方の主面の前記第二活物質層A2との非対向部分Pnを備えており、
前記非対向部分Ptの前記S1tに対して垂直な方向における最短の長さLAtと、
前記非対向部分Pnの前記S1tに対して垂直な方向における最短の長さLAnとが、
水平状態で、LAt<LAnを満たす、フレキシブル電池。 - 前記LAtと前記LAnとが、水平状態で、2LAt<LAnを満たす、請求項1記載のフレキシブル電池。
- 前記LAnが、水平状態で、前記第一活物質層A1の厚さTD1と、前記第一活物質層A1に隣接する第二活物質層A2の厚さTD2と、前記第一活物質層A1と前記第二活物質層A2との間に介在する電解質層の厚さTEとの合計の1/2より大きい、請求項1または2記載のフレキシブル電池。
- 前記LAnが、水平状態で、前記第二活物質層A2の前記S1tと垂直な方向における長さLA2の1/50より大きい、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のフレキシブル電池。
- 前記第二活物質層A2が、平均の曲率半径rが15mm≦r≦100mmを満たすように屈曲された状態で使用される、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のフレキシブル電池。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2018530124A (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-10-11 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 高柔軟性の電極アセンブリおよびこれを含む電池セル |
| WO2018024791A1 (fr) | 2016-08-03 | 2018-02-08 | Carre Products | Système de stockage d'énergie électrique destiné à être contenu dans un mât |
| JP2018174032A (ja) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-11-08 | Tdk株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
| JP7130920B2 (ja) | 2017-03-31 | 2022-09-06 | Tdk株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池、非水電解液二次電池の設計方法及び非水電解液二次電池の製造方法 |
| WO2018203474A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-01 | 2018-11-08 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 固体電池、電池パック、電動車両、電力貯蔵システム、電動工具および電子機器 |
| JPWO2018203474A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-01 | 2019-11-07 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 固体電池、電池パック、電動車両、電力貯蔵システム、電動工具および電子機器 |
| US11165095B2 (en) | 2017-05-01 | 2021-11-02 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Solid-state battery, battery pack, electric motor vehicle, power storage system, electric tool, and electronic device |
| JP2021503707A (ja) * | 2017-11-21 | 2021-02-12 | リベスト インコーポレイテッドLibest Inc. | 最外郭電極が陰極で配置された電極組立体及び前記電極組立体を有するリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| US11870103B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2024-01-09 | Libest Inc. | Electrode assembly having negative electrode disposed as outermost electrode, and lithium-ion secondary battery having same |
| KR102125433B1 (ko) * | 2018-06-01 | 2020-06-23 | 주식회사 리베스트 | 플렉서블 전지 및 플렉서블 전지를 생성하는 방법 |
| JP2021517722A (ja) * | 2018-06-01 | 2021-07-26 | リベスト インコーポレイテッドLibest Inc. | フレキシブル電池及びフレキシブル電池を生成する方法 |
| KR20190137228A (ko) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-11 | 주식회사 리베스트 | 플렉서블 전지 및 플렉서블 전지를 생성하는 방법 |
| WO2019231176A1 (ko) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-05 | 주식회사 리베스트 | 플렉서블 전지 및 플렉서블 전지를 생성하는 방법 |
| US11961957B2 (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2024-04-16 | Libest Inc. | Flexible battery and method for manufacturing flexible battery |
| CN114824496A (zh) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-07-29 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 层叠电极体、树脂固定层叠电极体以及全固体电池 |
| JP2022117028A (ja) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-10 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 積層電極体、樹脂固定積層電極体、及び全固体電池 |
| JP7517181B2 (ja) | 2021-01-29 | 2024-07-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 積層電極体、樹脂固定積層電極体、及び全固体電池 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20170214026A1 (en) | 2017-07-27 |
| JPWO2016051645A1 (ja) | 2017-07-06 |
| CN106575796A (zh) | 2017-04-19 |
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