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US20100229992A1 - hose - Google Patents

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Publication number
US20100229992A1
US20100229992A1 US12/300,267 US30026707A US2010229992A1 US 20100229992 A1 US20100229992 A1 US 20100229992A1 US 30026707 A US30026707 A US 30026707A US 2010229992 A1 US2010229992 A1 US 2010229992A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mandrel
hose
corrugated
length
hose portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/300,267
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Joel Aron Witz
David Cox
Gerard Anthony Hall
Richard Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Woodside Energy Global Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0609083A external-priority patent/GB0609083D0/en
Priority claimed from GB0609081A external-priority patent/GB0609081D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to BHP BILLITON PETROLEUM PTY LTD. reassignment BHP BILLITON PETROLEUM PTY LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HALL, GERARD ANTHONY
Assigned to BHP BILLITON PETROLEUM PTY LTD. reassignment BHP BILLITON PETROLEUM PTY LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WITZ, JOEL ARON, COX, DAVID N., SMITH, RICHARD
Publication of US20100229992A1 publication Critical patent/US20100229992A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L59/147—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems the insulation being located inwardly of the outer surface of the pipe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
    • B29D23/18—Pleated or corrugated hoses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/14—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rigid material, e.g. metal or hard plastics
    • F16L11/15—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rigid material, e.g. metal or hard plastics corrugated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/20—Double-walled hoses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L59/141—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems in which the temperature of the medium is below that of the ambient temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L59/153—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems for flexible pipes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49428—Gas and water specific plumbing component making
    • Y10T29/49435—Flexible conduit or fitting therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4981—Utilizing transitory attached element or associated separate material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to hose, and more particularly relates to long length hose, and to a method of and apparatus for making long length hose.
  • the invention is especially concerned with hose which can be used in cryogenic conditions.
  • Typical applications for hose involve the pumping of fluids from a fluid reservoir under pressure. Examples include supplying of domestic heating oil or LPG to a boiler; transporting produced oilfield liquids and/or gases from a fixed or floating production platform to the cargo hold of a ship, or from a ship cargo hold to a land-based storage unit; delivering of fuel to racing cars, especially during refueling in formula 1; and conveying corrosive fluids, such as sulphuric acid.
  • hose for the transport of fluids, such as liquefied gases, at low temperature.
  • fluids such as liquefied gases
  • hose is commonly used to transport liquefied gases such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied propane gas (LPG).
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • LPG liquefied propane gas
  • hose Many applications of hose require the hose to be supported along its length. This especially applies to the transport of the produced liquids and/or gases mentioned above. Without additional support, conventional hose is often incapable of supporting its own weight, or the weight of the fluid contained therein.
  • Rubber rubber wraps vulcanised to form the hose body.
  • the present invention is directed to bellows hoses.
  • Rubber hoses differ from composite and bellows hose in that they do not have a steel component on the inner surface.
  • Rubber hoses are typically manufactured by wrapping numerous layers of rubber materials and some steel and fabric layers around a mandrel coated with a release agent. Some Rubber Hoses use an extruded rubber inner liner on a mandrel as the innermost layer and then wrap after that. Other rubber hoses include an interlocked carcass inside the liner, for collapse resistance. The complete structure is then vulcanised thus bonding the rubber wraps together. The complete hose assembly, including the end fittings which are also on the mandrel and are wrapped into the hose body structure, is removed from the mandrel by pulling and rotating. The hose and mandrel are supported by a series of rollers during this extraction process. Rubber hoses are typically made in lengths of up to 12 m and bores of up to at least 1.2 m.
  • a bellows hose is formed in sections supported on steel mandrel and if insulating or protective layers are required these will be wrapped around the bellows tube.
  • a composite hose is traditionally formed by a steel wire being wound helically onto a steel mandrel followed by a number of film and fabric layers. This is then formed into the hose body by the application of a second helical wire.
  • Both bellows and composite hoses are widely available in bores of up to 200 mm and in lengths of up to about 30 m. However it is difficult to manufacture and extract a large bore hose, greater than 400 mm, of either of these types in a reasonable length, greater than 10 m, using the traditional manufacturing techniques. This is not the case with rubber hoses as they do not have an inner steel component.
  • bellow hose is characterised by an inner metallic inner structure which is difficult to remove from the mandrel during the manufacturing process.
  • flexible tubing is also described in U3538728, U.S. Pat. No. 5,893,681 and SU396271.
  • GB2303574, DE2948416, JP08336845, JP08011138 and JP03075132 disclose a method of making hose or tubing, but they do not disclose the manufacture of bellows hose.
  • Bellows hose is exclusively manufactured on a metallic mandrel; the mandrel may consist exclusively of the stainless steel or may be clad with stainless steel.
  • a carbon steel mandrel might typically cost about £5,000 and in its working lifetime it would be capable of being used to manufacture about 25-30 individual hoses.
  • the metallic inner member of the hose is often made of stainless steel.
  • part of the carbon steel can be transferred to the surface of the stainless steel inner member; this causes a site for corrosion of the inner member, which can lead to rapid failure in extreme environments.
  • the mandrel used in the manufacture of bellows hose and composite hose usually has to be made of stainless steel.
  • a stainless steel hose costs three to four times as much as a carbon steel mandrel.
  • the invention encompasses a method of manufacturing hose, an apparatus for manufacturing hose, and hose per se.
  • a hose comprising a tubular hose portion extending continuously between two end fittings, wherein said tubular hose portion comprises a plurality of tubular corrugated or convoluted sections secured end to end and at least one protective and/or reinforcing layer disposed around said corrugated or convoluted sections, wherein the internal diameter of the hose portion is at least 200 mm and the length of the hose portion is at least 30 m.
  • the hose portion extends continuously between the end fittings.
  • the hose according to the invention is distinct from prior art hose comprising shorter lengths of hose which are attached together in sequence by attaching the end fittings together.
  • the length of the hose portion is at least 31 m, more preferably at least 32 m.
  • the hose portion is desirably at least 35 m in length.
  • the length of the hose portion may be much longer than 30 m, depending on the requirements.
  • the hose portion may have a length of up to 50 m or even up to 60 m.
  • the length of the hose portion will typically lie within the ranges discussed above, subject to the minimum of at least 30 m.
  • the inner diameter of the hose portion is preferably at least 100 mm, or at least 150 mmm, or at least 200 mm, or at least 250 mm, more preferably at least 300 mm, and still more preferably at least 350 mm and most preferably at least 400 mm.
  • the hose portion inner diameter may be at least 450 mm, at least 500 mm, at least 550 mm or at least 600 mm. It is unlikely to be desirable for the hose portion diameter to exceed 750 mm, and typically the hose diameter would not exceed 600 mm.
  • the hose portion has a length of from 30 m or 35 m up to about 50 m, in combination with an inner diameter from 200 mm to 600 mm, preferably from 300 mm to 600 mm, most preferably 400 mm to 600 mm.
  • a hose comprising a tubular hose portion extending continuously between two end fittings, wherein said tubular hose portion comprises a plurality of tubular corrugated or convoluted sections secured end to end and at least one protective and/or reinforcing layer disposed around said corrugated or convoluted sections, wherein the internal diameter of the hose portion is at least 300 mm and the length of the hose portion is at least 5 m.
  • the length of the hose portion is at least 8 m, more preferably at least 10 m, more preferably at least 15 m, still more preferably at least 20 m, or at least 25 m.
  • the hose portion may be at least 30 m in length. The length of the hose portion may be much longer than 30 m, depending on the requirements. Thus, the hose portion may have a length of up to 50 m or even up to 60 m.
  • the inner diameter of the hose portion is preferably at least preferably at least 350 mm and most preferably at least 400 mm.
  • the hose portion inner diameter may be at least 450 mm, at least 500 mm, at least 550 mm or at least 600 mm. It is unlikely to be desirable for the hose portion diameter to exceed 750 mm, and typically the hose portion diameter would not exceed 600 mm.
  • the hose portion has a length of from 8 m or 10 m up to about 50 m, in combination with an inner diameter from 400 mm to 600 mm.
  • the inner diameter of the hose portion according to the invention corresponds to the outer diameter of the non-metallic mandrel on which it was formed.
  • the length of the hose portion corresponds to the distance between the end fittings immediately after manufacture of the hose. It should also be noted, that owing to the nature of the materials and the manufacturing process, the hose dimensions would usually be subject to a tolerance of about +/ ⁇ 3%.
  • the present invention provides a working bellows hose having a length and/or diameter which is greater than that which has been possible in accordance with the prior art.
  • hose which has a diameter and/or length within the ranges described above, but such hoses are not working hoses, i.e., they would not be able to operate under their normal operating pressure without leaking.
  • the hose according to the invention may have a high or low working temperature, including a cryogenic working temperature.
  • the working temperature of the hose may be at least 40° C., or at least 60° C., or at least 80° C. or at least 100° C., up to a maximum of 200° C. or 300° C.
  • the working temperature of the hose may be from 0° C. down to ⁇ 200° C. or ⁇ 220° C.
  • the working temperature is ⁇ 20° C. or below, ⁇ 40° C. or below, ⁇ 60° C. or below, or ⁇ 80° C. or below.
  • the working temperature will typically be from ⁇ 100° C. to ⁇ 170° C., ⁇ 200° C. or ⁇ 220° C.
  • a working temperature range from ⁇ 100° C. to ⁇ 220° C. is suitable for most cryogenic applications, including the transportation of LNG, liquid oxygen (bp ⁇ 183° C.) or liquid nitrogen (bp ⁇ 196° C.).
  • the working pressure of the hose is be in the range from about 500 kPa gauge, or 1,000 kPa gauge, up to about 2,000 kPa gauge, or possibly up to about 2,500 kPa gauge. These pressures relate to the operating pressure of the hose, not the burst pressure (which must be several times greater).
  • the working volumetric flow rate depends upon the fluid medium, the pressure and the inner diameter. Working flowrates from 1,000 m 3 /h up to 12,000 m 3 /h are typical.
  • a preferred working temperature and pressure would be from ⁇ 100° C. to ⁇ 200° C. at a pressure from 500 kPa gauge, preferably 1,000 kPa gauge, up to 2,000 kPa gauge or 2,500 kPa gauge.
  • the hose according to the invention can also be provided for use with corrosive materials, such as strong acids,
  • hose described above in the working temperature, working pressure, and/or working flowrates described above to transport a liquid through the hose without any leakage of the liquid through the hose.
  • the convoluted or corrugated sections may be sinusoidal, U-shaped or shaped like the Greek letter omega, Q.
  • the convolutions or corrugations may be circumferential arranged along the length of each section, or may be arranged in a spiral along the length of each section. In general, only the sinusoidal convolutions are arranged in a spiral.
  • a sufficient number of convoluted or corrugated sections will be provided (e.g., 3, 4, 5, etc.) to create a hose of the desired length.
  • the hose includes a second layer comprising a plurality of convoluted or corrugated sections arranged around the first layer of convoluted or corrugated sections.
  • the hose preferably includes at least one reinforcing layer, and at least one protective layer, which is typically the outer layer. Additional protective and/or reinforcing layers may be provided.
  • the protective layer comprises an armoured layer is provided as the outer layer of the hose.
  • insulation may be provided between the two layers.
  • a vacuum may be provided in the space between the two layers, in order to provide insulation.
  • the first and/or second convoluted or corrugated layers may be made of metal, preferably stainless steel.
  • the hose described above can be manufactured by a method and apparatus, as described further below, which makes it possible to make hose of longer length and diameter than has previously been possible.
  • a method of manufacturing the hose described above comprising sliding a first tubular corrugated or convoluted section along the mandrel, sliding a second corrugated or convoluted section along the mandrel such that it one end of the second corrugated or convoluted section engages one end of the first corrugated or convoluted section, securing the ends of the corrugated or convoluted sections, applying at least one protective and/or reinforcing layer over the corrugated or convoluted sections, applying a respective one of the end fittings to each end of the hose portion, and removing the hose from the mandrel.
  • the end fittings are preferably applied before removing the hose from the mandrel, although they may in some circumstances be applied after removing the hose from the mandrel.
  • third, fourth, fifth, etc., convoluted or corrugated sections may be slid over the mandrel to create a hose portion of the desired length.
  • a second convoluted or corrugated layer can be formed, in the same way as the first layer, after the underlying part of the first convoluted or corrugated layer has been formed.
  • the mandrel is formed of a paper based material, a wood based material or a plastics polymer based material, such as high density polyethylene, or mixtures thereof.
  • the mandrel is cardboard, i.e. a board made of paper pulp.
  • the mandrel In the manufacture of bellows hose, it is particularly important to ensure that the mandrel has sufficient bending stiffness to keep it straight enough that adjacent sections can be brought into substantial alignment around substantially the entire circumference of the ends thereof.
  • the ends are usually secured to one another by welding, and if there is not substantial alignment around substantially the entire circumference, the ends will not be properly secured to one another, and there will be an increased risk of failure during use of the hose.
  • the mandrel is formed of a material having a ratio of Young's Modulus (E) to density ( ⁇ ) in the range 0.1 to 10 GPa ⁇ m 3 /Mg (i.e. giga Pascal ⁇ metre 3 /megagram).
  • the ratio of E/ ⁇ is greater than 0.3 GPa ⁇ m 3 /Mg, more preferably greater than 0.5 GPa ⁇ m 3 /Mg, and most preferably greater than 0.8 GPa ⁇ m 3 /Mg.
  • the ratio of E/ ⁇ is less than 10 GPa ⁇ m 3 /Mg, more preferably less than 5 GPa ⁇ m 3 /Mg, and most preferably less than 3 GPa ⁇ m 3 /Mg.
  • the most preferred range of E/ ⁇ is from 0.8 to 3 GPa ⁇ m 3 /Mg.
  • E/ ⁇ for cardboard and high density polyethylene which are two materials particularly preferred for the mandrel, are about 1.2 and 1.0 GPa ⁇ m 3 /Mg respectively.
  • composite materials i.e., fibres disposed within a matrix
  • Composite materials have a ratio of E/ ⁇ close to stainless steel, but the density is much lower.
  • the material of the mandrel has an E/ ⁇ in the range 20 to 22 GPa ⁇ m 3 /Mg and a density in the range 1.0 to 3.0 Mg/m 3 .
  • the composite material comprises carbon, glass or polymeric fibres disposed within a suitable polymeric matrix.
  • the mandrel is made of a non-metallic material, it is perfectly possible for the mandrel to include metallic or ceramic fillers.
  • the invention encompasses the use of a cardboard mandrel with a metallic or ceramic filler. The bulk of the mandrel, however, remains non-metallic.
  • the mandrel may be provided in one continuous length, or it may be provided in a plurality of mandrel sections of shorter length, which are assembled on site to form the completed mandrel. The purpose of this is to facilitate transport of the mandrel.
  • the mandrel is of substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the length of the mandrel will typically be approximately 1000 to 2000 mm longer than the length of the hose portion that it is desired to make on the mandrel.
  • the outer diameter of the mandrel will typically be substantially identical to the inner diameter of the hose portion that it is desired to make on the mandrel.
  • the mandrel will typically have an outer diameter of 200 mm, or 300 mm to 600 mm.
  • the mandrel is hollow, so that a drive shaft may be disposed longitudinally within the mandrel.
  • a plug is preferably disposed in at least one end of the mandrel, the arrangement being such that the plug is fixedly secured to the mandrel, whereby rotation of the plug causes rotation of the mandrel.
  • one of said plugs is disposed in each end of the mandrel.
  • the non-metallic mandrel should be made of a material which is strong enough that the mandrel can properly support the hose during construction thereof. Furthermore, except for any coating that may be provided on the inner or outer surface of the mandrel, the entire mandrel is preferably made of the same non-metallic material.
  • the drive shaft is preferably secured to the or each plug, and desirably has a projecting end which can be connected to a drive motor, whereby rotation of the drive shaft causes rotation of the or each plug and thereby rotation of the mandrel. It is a preferred feature of the invention that the mandrel is rotated while part or all of the inner and/or outer structures are arranged in place on the mandrel.
  • the drive motor is provided with a gearbox.
  • the drive shaft may not be present, and the rotation of the mandrel may be driven by rotating one plug or both plugs (if present) using the drive motor.
  • the mandrel is a sacrificial mandrel, in order to aid removal of the hose from the mandrel.
  • the hose is removed from the mandrel by sacrificing the mandrel, and removing it from within the hose; any plugs and drive shaft can be removed before sacrificing the mandrel.
  • the mandrel may be sacrificed by, for example, providing it with a pre-weakened area, which can be stressed in order to cause sacrifice of the mandrel; or providing it with a perforation, along which the mandrel can be torn apart; or providing it with a zipper structure, whereby dragging the zipper along the length of the mandrel causes sacrifice of the mandrel.
  • mandrel a sacrificial mandrel
  • other conventional techniques not described above could be used instead.
  • sacrifice of the mandrel causes it to be destroyed, which means that it cannot be reused.
  • This is still very economical, as the mandrel according to the invention can be made of an inexpensive recyclable material.
  • Another technique for removing the mandrel when the mandrel is made from a material which can be weakened by contact with an appropriately selected fluid, is to wet the mandrel in order to weaken it with the fluid, then to remove the weakened mandrel.
  • One way to wet mandrel is to dip the entire hose and mandrel structure in a tank of the fluid. It is preferred that the fluid is water, but other fluids, such as weak acetic acid or an alcoholic solution may instead be used.
  • the mandrel is removed by unscrewing it from the hose.
  • The can desirably be achieved by applying a torque to the drive shaft, while holding the hose against rotation.
  • This technique is particularly suitable when the hose inner structure includes a helical member, as the helical member can create a slight indentation in the mandrel, which aids unscrewing the mandrel from the hose.
  • rotation of the mandrel is only likely to be beneficial in cases where the convolutions of the bellows are arranged in a spiral. For circumferential convolutions, there is unlikely to be any benefit in providing for rotation of the mandrel, either during construction of the hose, or during removal of the hose from the mandrel.
  • the mandrel may be pre-coated, prior to assembly of the hose, in order to assist with removal of the completed hose from the mandrel.
  • the pre-coat may serve to reduce the friction between the mandrel and the completed hose.
  • the bellows may be pulled over the mandrel, then welded together.
  • the welding of the bellows (which may be, eg, 1-2 mm thick) may cause burning of the mandrel, therefore, to prevent this, it is desirable to provide the mandrel with a heat shield and/or a flame retardant coating on the outer surface thereof.
  • apparatus for manufacturing hose of the type comprising a tubular hose portion extending continuously between two end fittings, wherein said tubular hose portion comprises a plurality of tubular corrugated or convoluted sections secured end to end and at least one protective and/or reinforcing layer disposed around said corrugated or convoluted sections
  • said apparatus comprises a hollow substantially cylindrical non-metallic mandrel, around which the hose may be arranged, a plug disposed at each end of the mandrel, the plugs being fixed to the mandrel, whereby torque applied to the plugs is transmitted to the mandrel to rotate the mandrel about its longitudinal axis, and a drive shaft extending longitudinally along the interior of the mandrel, the drive shaft being connected to the plugs, whereby torque applied to the drive shaft is transmitted to the plugs to rotate the plugs, the drive shaft projecting outwardly from the plugs and mandrel at least one end of the mandrel.
  • the mandrel preferably has the same construction as the mandrel described above in relation to the method according to the invention.
  • the drive shaft projects outwardly from the plugs and mandrel at each end of the mandrel.
  • the apparatus further comprises a drive motor arranged to rotate the drive shaft.
  • non-metallic mandrels according to the invention can be removed from the completed hose much more easily than the prior art steel mandrels.
  • the non-metallic mandrels according to the invention are much lighter than the steel mandrels used in the prior art. This means that they are easier to manipulate and transport. It also means that the non-metallic mandrels do not require the same level of support that is required for steel mandrels. This eases the manufacturing process for the hose.
  • One particularly important advantage of the mandrel according to the invention is that it is practical to make them longer and/or of greater diameter than the prior art steel mandrels.
  • a working hose is one which can be used in its normal operating conditions without leaking.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bellows hose according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross sections end view of one of the corrugated layers used in the bellows hose shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIGS. 3A , 3 B, 3 C and 3 D show four applications of hose according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an apparatus for use in manufacturing hose, according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 4 .
  • a bellows hose in accordance with the invention is generally designated 210 .
  • the hose 210 comprises an inner tubular corrugated layer 212 and an outer tubular corrugated layer 214 , each of which is made up of a plurality of corrugated sections 212 a and 214 a arranged end to end, and secured to one another.
  • Each layer 212 and 214 is provided with sinusoidal (or U-shaped or ⁇ shaped) corrugations.
  • An insulation layer 216 is provided between the bellows 212 and 214 . Furthermore, the space between the bellows 212 and 214 is placed in a vacuum, to further improve the insulation.
  • An armoured layer 218 is provided around the outer bellows 214 , to improve the insulation further.
  • a pumping port 220 is provided for evacuating air from between the layers 212 and 214 in order to create the vacuum.
  • the hose 210 also includes end fittings 222 at each end of the bellows hose (in FIG. 1 , only one end fitting 222 is shown).
  • FIGS. 3A to 3D show three applications for the hose 10 .
  • a floating production, storage and offloading vessel (FPSO) 102 is linked to a LNG carrier 104 by means of a hose 10 according to the invention.
  • the hose 10 carries LNG from a storage tank of the FPSO 102 to a storage tank of the LNG carrier 104 .
  • the hose 10 lies above the sea level 106 .
  • the hose 10 is submerged below the sea level 106 .
  • the hose 10 floats near the surface of the sea.
  • the LNG carrier is linked to a land-based storage facility 108 via the hose 10 .
  • the hose 10 may be used for many other applications apart from the applications shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D .
  • the hose may be used in cryogenic and non-cryogenic conditions.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show apparatus 300 according to the invention.
  • the apparatus 300 can be used in the method according to the invention for making the hose according to the invention.
  • the apparatus 300 comprises a mandrel 302 which has a length and diameter corresponding the desired length and diameter of the hose 10 and 200 .
  • the outer diameter of the mandrel 302 corresponds to the inner diameter of the hose 10 or 200 .
  • the length of the mandrel 302 is typically about 1-2 m longer than the length of the hose 10 or 200 .
  • the mandrel 300 has a substantially circular cross sectional shape, although other shapes may in some circumstances be desirable.
  • a torque transmitting plug 304 is secured to each end of the mandrel 300 , and a drive shaft 306 extends along the length of the mandrel between the plugs 304 , and extends outwardly being the ends of the mandrel 302 .
  • a drive motor 308 which may be an electric motor, is provided to drive rotation of the drive shaft 306 . It will be appreciated that the drive shaft 306 can transmit torque to the plugs 304 , which in turn can transmit torque to the mandrel 302 to rotate the mandrel 302 . Typically the mandrel will be rotated at a rate of 10-60 rpm.
  • the application of the hose 210 to the mandrel 300 causes large bending forces to be directed against the mandrel, caused by the weight of the hose 210 along the length of the mandrel 300 .
  • the mandrel 300 has sufficient bending stiffness that the hose portion can be formed on the mandrel without causing any substantial bending of the mandrel along the longitudinal axis thereof. This is important, because if the mandrel bends, the corrugated or convoluted sections of the hose portion cannot be brought into proper alignment, and cannot be properly secured—this will cause the hose to be more likely to fail during use.
  • One way to select a mandrel of the appropriate bending stiffness is to select an material having an appropriate ratio of Young's Modulus (E) to density ( ⁇ ), as described above, but other techniques may be apparent to the skilled person.
  • one of the sections corrugated sections 212 a is pulled over the mandrel 302 .
  • the outer diameter of the mandrel 302 corresponds to the desired internal diameter of the hose 210 .
  • a second of the corrugated sections 212 a is pulled over the mandrel and into engagement with the first section 212 a .
  • the ends of each section 212 a are of substantially circular cross section, as depicted in FIG. 2 .
  • the mandrel 302 has sufficient bending stiffness that it can support the sections 212 a in such a way that substantially the entire circumferential periphery 212 b (see FIG.
  • the insulating layer 216 is then wrapped around the inner corrugated layer 212 , and the outer corrugated sections 214 a are pulled over the insulating layer 216 , and may be secured together in the same way as was done for the inner layer 212 .
  • the armoured layer is then pulled over the outer bellows 212 .
  • the air between the bellows 212 and 214 is then evacuated using via the pumping port 220 .
  • the end fittings 222 are then applied to the ends of the hose 210 .
  • the hose 210 may be removed from the mandrel 302 by any desired means.
  • the mandrel 302 may simply be destroyed, for example by tearing.
  • the drive motor 308 is operated to rotate the mandrel 302 to cause the mandrel 302 to unscrew from the hose 210 .
  • the mandrel 302 may be discarded.
  • the plugs 304 , the drive shaft 306 and the drive motor 308 may be retained for use with another mandrel 302 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
US12/300,267 2006-05-08 2007-05-08 hose Abandoned US20100229992A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0609083A GB0609083D0 (en) 2006-05-08 2006-05-08 Improvements relating to hose
GB0609081A GB0609081D0 (en) 2006-05-08 2006-05-08 Improvements relating to hose
GB0609083.1 2006-05-08
GB0609081.5 2006-05-08
PCT/GB2007/001695 WO2007129096A2 (fr) 2006-05-08 2007-05-08 Améliorations apportées à un tuyau

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100229992A1 true US20100229992A1 (en) 2010-09-16

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US12/300,267 Abandoned US20100229992A1 (en) 2006-05-08 2007-05-08 hose
US13/656,845 Expired - Fee Related US8720066B2 (en) 2006-05-08 2012-10-22 Hose

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EP (1) EP2021671B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5264707B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2007246827B2 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0710425A8 (fr)
CA (1) CA2651581C (fr)
EA (1) EA015369B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2640772T3 (fr)
MY (1) MY155035A (fr)
NO (1) NO20084718L (fr)
SG (1) SG171661A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007129096A2 (fr)

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US20100059133A1 (en) * 2006-06-29 2010-03-11 Joel Aron Witz Axially reinforced hose
US20100183371A1 (en) * 2006-08-11 2010-07-22 Joel Aron Witz Improvements relating to hose
US20100180976A1 (en) * 2006-08-11 2010-07-22 Joel Aron Witz Reinforced hose
US20100229991A1 (en) * 2006-05-08 2010-09-16 Joel Aron Witz Hose
US20100301598A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2010-12-02 Bhp Billiton Petroleum Pty. Ltd. Hose End Fittings
US20120018027A1 (en) * 2010-07-21 2012-01-26 Christian Frohne Underwater conduit for fluid transport
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US8720066B2 (en) 2006-05-08 2014-05-13 Bhp Billiton Petroleum Pty Ltd. Hose
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US9441766B2 (en) 2009-06-02 2016-09-13 Bhp Billiton Petroleum Pty Ltd. Reinforced hose
CN106224664A (zh) * 2016-09-09 2016-12-14 秦皇岛开发区诺实管业有限公司 自冷式耐高温高压软管
US20180259097A1 (en) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-13 Swagelok Company Hybrid hose assembly
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US11702271B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2023-07-18 Concept Group Llc Vacuum insulated articles with reflective material enhancement

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DE102008044069B3 (de) * 2008-11-26 2010-08-05 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Formkörper zur Herstellung eines Faserverbundbauteils
GB2518637B (en) * 2013-09-26 2020-07-15 Dunlop Oil & Marine Ltd A method of hose construction
WO2015110159A1 (fr) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-30 Abb Technology Ag Agencement de soufflet
RU2644479C1 (ru) * 2017-03-27 2018-02-12 Шарипов Руслан Мирхадович Устройство для заведения гибких труб одна в другую, например, для заведения гладкой полимерной трубы в гофрированную
JP6838500B2 (ja) * 2017-06-12 2021-03-03 トヨタ自動車株式会社 二重断熱壁構造体
KR102023117B1 (ko) * 2018-02-12 2019-11-04 강태근 배관유닛 및 이를 포함하는 히팅 시스템
EP3670997B1 (fr) * 2018-12-19 2022-07-06 Nexans Conduite flexible isolée sous vide
KR102186612B1 (ko) * 2019-04-23 2020-12-07 이덕재 잠수함 연료전지 시스템의 산소라인용 보상기
WO2021102306A1 (fr) 2019-11-22 2021-05-27 Trinity Bay Equipment Holdings, LLC Systèmes et procédés de raccord de tuyau embouti
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NO20084718L (no) 2009-01-09
WO2007129096A3 (fr) 2008-06-12
EA015369B1 (ru) 2011-08-30
EA200870511A1 (ru) 2009-08-28
EP2021671A2 (fr) 2009-02-11
US20130042478A1 (en) 2013-02-21
US8720066B2 (en) 2014-05-13
WO2007129096A2 (fr) 2007-11-15
EP2021671B1 (fr) 2017-07-05
CA2651581C (fr) 2014-10-21
BRPI0710425A2 (pt) 2011-08-09
AU2007246827A1 (en) 2007-11-15
SG171661A1 (en) 2011-06-29
JP5264707B2 (ja) 2013-08-14
BRPI0710425A8 (pt) 2019-01-15
CA2651581A1 (fr) 2007-11-15
MY155035A (en) 2015-08-28
ES2640772T3 (es) 2017-11-06
AU2007246827B2 (en) 2013-06-27

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