RU76252U1 - OIL SLUDGES PROCESSING AND DISPOSAL PRODUCTION COMPLEX - Google Patents

Abstract

The industrial complex for the processing and disposal of oil sludge contains a unit for extracting oil sludge from the oil storage (1), heated receiving and storage tanks (2) with mixing devices, intermediate heated tanks (5) and heat-insulated cylindrical tanks (7) equipped with low-speed paddle mixers and ring heat exchangers , spiral heat exchangers (8), pump systems (4,6,9), a system of one or more three-phase centrifuges (13), shut-off and control valves, pumps, sludge pipelines, tanks with chemical reagents (10), tanks (11) for the preparation of working solutions of coagulants (11-1), flocculants (11-2), demulsifiers (11-3), storage tanks for oil (14), aqueous phase (15), sediment (16) with a screw mechanism (17) for unloading and unloading, a receiving self-unloading sludge storage container (18). Tanks (11-1,2) are connected to tanks (7), a tank (11-3) with an entrance to three-phase centrifuges (13). The production complex increases the efficiency of waste disposal, provides the possibility of subsequent disposal of the solid phase extracted from oil sludge.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the field of the oil refining industry and, in particular, to equipment-technological production complexes for the processing, neutralization and disposal of oil sludge - highly toxic production waste located in various ponds - storage tanks, oil sludges, oil barns, landfills and located in close proximity to places production and / or processing of oil and petroleum products.

A well-known industrial complex for the processing and disposal of oil sludge (Disposal of industrial waste containing oil and oil products with chemical reagent R. // Modern Russian technologies. A series of information and reference collections. Volume two. Technology and equipment for the processing and disposal of oil-containing waste and oil sludge. Yaroslavl. 2003, p. 124-125). The well-known "Technological complex" provides for the supply of oil sludge from an oil barn with a pump to a screw mixer, where a special chemically active reagent R is simultaneously fed from a dispenser and a pressure vessel (RF Application No.2000127985 / 15 (029658) - "Method for the disposal of waste containing oil and oil waste ").

In a screw mixer, oil sludge (oil and oil products) are dispersed, mixed in the ratio 1: (0.30-0.35) with chemical reagent R, an exothermic reaction of their interaction, adsorption of oil and oil products on the hydrophobized surface of the sorbent and then encapsulation - in the process natural carbonization of the sorbent by atmospheric carbon dioxide. As a result of the flow in

The "technological complex" of a number of physicochemical processes ultimately results in oil sludge - highly toxic waste products being converted into an ecologically - harmless product - a dry granular substance inert to water, air and having high mechanical strength, which can be used for the restoration of disturbed lands and in road construction.

This well-known technology and technological complexes were introduced at Rosneft MK subsidiaries - Tuapse Oil Refinery, Tuapse base. Oil product, NPO Termneft (NGDU Chernomorneft).

The disadvantage of this well-known technical solution is the lack of technological equipment in the "Complex" for the extraction of valuable components from oil sludge - oil and oil products, in connection with which the oil in production waste (potentially recoverable and utilized) is completely converted into marketable products that have relatively low consumer properties.

Of the known analogues, the closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed utility model is the well-known technical solution (RF Patent No. 2266258 for application No. 2004107737/15 with prior, dated March 15, 2004; Published: December 20, 2005; IPC ⁷ C02F 11 / 14; B09B 3/00 - “Method for the processing of oily sludge and a device for its implementation”) - adopted as a PROTOTYPE.

The device (installation, production complex) of the prototype includes: an oil-containing sludge feed mechanism, a diluent feed mechanism, a working agent feed mechanism, a sludge pretreatment tank equipped with a jacket and a mixer, a processed oil sludge feed mechanism into a dosing hopper, a working agent dosing hopper screw mixer, container for

liquids, circulation pump, heat exchanger, metering pump, conveyor and platform scales installed under the hoppers and shutoff valves (valves).

The process of processing oily sludge according to the prototype, i.e. the installation described above includes the following main operations: loading a working agent containing calcium oxide and a modifier (full glycerol esters, vegetable and mineral oils and fats, as well as other derivatives of higher fatty acids are used as a modifier) and oily sludge, intensive mixing, followed by the introduction of a fluid that reacts with the working agent, unloading and extraction of the obtained granular product, while the oily sludge before loading pre-treatment they are pressed until a mixture is uniform in composition and viscosity by stirring it, heating to 50-80 ° С and / or introducing an organic thinner (light petroleum products, for example, gasoline, kerosene, toluene or special compositions, are used as an organic thinner, in an amount not more than 5% by weight of the processed oily sludge). The working agent is loaded in two portions, the first before loading the treated oily sludge, and the second simultaneously with it, then a liquid heated to 60-70 ° C is introduced in an amount determined by the analysis of a sample of the processed oily sludge.

As a result of the implementation of the technical solution for the prototype from oily waste, a marketable product is obtained - in the form of granular powder, used as additives in the manufacture of pavement.

The disadvantage of the technical solution for the prototype is the irretrievable loss of oil-containing components present in recyclable waste: in accordance with the prototype all

oily waste - sludge is converted into a cured state - granular powder, which is then used as one of the components in road construction. The specified disadvantage of the technical solution for the prototype is associated with the absence in the composition of the device (installation, production line) of the necessary set of equipment for the selective separation of waste oil-containing fraction.

The objective of the proposed utility model is the development of a new and improved production complex that provides for the disposal of oil sludge, the utilization of oil from them and allows for the full restoration of the territory of sludge storages, oil barns, ponds - sludge collectors - after complete processing of all sludge and oil-contaminated soil.

The technical result that can be achieved by implementing the proposed utility model is to increase the efficiency of waste disposal and to ensure the possibility of subsequent disposal of the solid phase extracted from oil sludge.

The problem is solved with the achievement of the above technical result by using the proposed utility model - "Industrial complex for the processing and utilization of oil sludge", including (see. Fig.): A unit for extracting oil sludge from the oil storage and subsequent loading (1) into heated receiving and storage tanks ( 2) equipped with a mixing device (not shown in the figure), shut-off and control valves, pumps and sludge pipelines that connect process equipment for oil refining through pumps mov container and chemical reagents for the treatment of sludge. New in the proposed technical solution is that the receiving and storage tanks (2) are connected through coarse filters (3) and the first pumping system NS-1 (4) with an intermediate heated

tank (5), the output of which is directed through the second pumping system NS-2 (6) to heat-insulated cylindrical tanks (7) for intermediate heating, equipped with low-speed paddle mixers and ring heat exchangers located along the walls of tanks connected through the third pumping system NS-3 (9) with spiral heat exchangers (8) for final heating of oil sludge, the outlet of which is directed to the system from one or more three-phase centrifuges (13), tanks with chemical reagents (10) have connections through a shut-off valve aturu with tanks (11) equipped with injection pumps installed on the caps of the tanks (not shown in the figure) for the preparation of working solutions of coagulants - a tank (11-1), demulsifiers - a tank (11-2) and flocculants - a tank (11- 3). Tanks (11-1) and (11-2) with solutions of coagulants and demulsifiers are connected through metering pumps (12-1) and (12-2) with tanks (7) for preheating oil sludge, and the outlet from the tank (11-3 ) with a flocculant solution is directed through a metering pump (12-3) directly into the pipe in front of three-phase centrifuges (13), which have connections to storage tanks separated from sludge: oil (14), aqueous phase (15) and sludge (16), accumulator (16) is equipped with a screw mechanism (17) for unloading and unloading sludge into a receiving self-unloading container-accumulator (18) precipitate.

The industrial complex for the processing and disposal of oil sludge according to the proposed technical solution works as follows (see. Fig.).

Initial oil sludge - oil-containing waste, which is a paste-like mass, including direct and reverse water-oil emulsions and solid phase (particles of sand, clay, silt, etc.) are extracted from oil sludges, ponds, sedimentation tanks, landfills

by means of a "site" (1) for the extraction of oil sludge. At the same time, special devices and excavators adapted to specific conditions are used, skimmers, bulldozers, etc. The extracted sludge is loaded into thermally insulated heated receiving and storage tanks (2) equipped with mixing devices. In these tanks, oil sludge is averaged and heated to 30-35 ° C, and then fed through coarse filters (3) using the first pump system NS-1 (4) into an intermediate heated tank (5), from which the second one is pumped NS-2 pumping system (6) in heat-insulated tanks (7) for intermediate heating, equipped with low-speed paddle mixers and ring heat exchangers located along the walls of the tanks. In these tanks, oil sludge is heated to 60-70 ° C and treated with solutions of coagulants and demulsifiers, which are pumped into containers (7) with metering pumps (12-1) and (12-2) from tanks for the preparation of working solutions of coagulants (11-1) and demulsifiers (11-2). Heated to 60-70 ° C and treated with coagulants and demulsifiers oil sludge is sent using a third pump system NS-3 (9) for final heating to a temperature of about 100 ° C (95-105 ° C) in spiral heat exchangers (8) and served in a system of one or more three-phase centrifuges (13). At the same time, a certain amount of solution — flocculants — is fed from the tank (11-3) into the pipe connecting the spiral heat exchangers (8) and the three-phase centrifuge system (13) with a dosing pump (12-3). In three-phase centrifuges, a very effective separation of the oil, water and solid phases occurs, which are collected in storage tanks (14) and (15) and sediment collector (16), respectively, of a solid phase separated from oil sludge. This precipitate is discharged from the collection tank (16) using a screw mechanism (17), loaded into a self-unloading receiving container-accumulator (18) and then transported for further processing and disposal.

As a result of the processing of oil sludge in the manner described above on the “Production complex” proposed in accordance with the claimed utility model, from non-utilized oil sludge - highly toxic production wastes receive:

- oil and / or oil fraction;

- the aqueous phase contaminated with a small amount (not more than 1 g / dm ³ ) of oil and oil product and containing up to 1 g / dm ^{3 of} solid fine particles. This aqueous phase is sent for disposal to the treatment plant of the enterprise;

- sludge - a solid phase containing up to 20% of oil and oil products, which is sent for further processing - for additional recovery of oil, its utilization and production of solid commercial products from sediment sold, for example, in the construction industry.

Ponds, sludge storages, sedimentation tanks, etc., completely cleaned from oil sludge, are then reclaimed.

Claims (1)

An industrial complex for the processing and utilization of oil sludge, including a unit for their extraction from the sludge storage and subsequent loading, a heated receiving and storage tank, shut-off and control valves, pumps, pipelines and sludge pipelines connecting technological equipment for the processing of oil sludge, tanks with chemicals for processing oil sludge, characterized in that the receiving and storage tanks are connected through a coarse oil sludge filter and the first pump system with intermediate heating a tank, the outlet of which is directed through a second pump system to heat-insulated tanks of intermediate heating, equipped with low-speed paddle mixers and ring heat exchangers located along the walls of the tanks, and connected through a third pump system with spiral heat exchangers for final heating of oil sludge, the output of which is directed to one or more parallel-connected three-phase centrifuges, tanks with chemical reagents have connections through shut-off valves with tanks, sleep female injection pumps located on the lid of the tanks for the preparation of working solutions of coagulants, demulsifiers and flocculants, while the tanks for the preparation of working solutions of coagulants and demulsifiers are connected through metering pumps with tanks for preheating oil sludge, and the outlet from the tank for preparing the flocculant solution is directed through the pump directly into the pipe connecting the spiral heat exchangers with three-phase centrifuges, the exit of which is directed to the tanks opiteli sludge fractions isolated from the oil and / or oil, an aqueous phase and a sludge collector equipped with a screw mechanism for collection of discharge and discharging sludge in the receiving and self-draining container drive precipitate.