RU2018144518A - TWO-STAGE SPHERICAL VIBRATION INSULATOR - Google Patents

Claims (5)

1. A two-stage spherical vibration isolator made in the form of a two-stage frame, consisting of sequentially connected and identical frames: the upper and lower frames, with the upper and lower elastic damping elements respectively arranged in the form of coil springs, the turns of which are coated with vibration damping material, for example, polyurethane, characterized in that the upper and lower frames are made in the form of eccentrically arranged, rigid spherical shells: upper and lower, while the upper ends of the upper and lower elastic damping elements are fixed to the inner surface of the spherical shells by sectors made of adhesive and vibration-damping properties, for example, of polyurethane, while the peripheral parts of the spherical shells are connected by at least two inclined elastic elements made of a material with adhesive and vibration-damping properties, for example, of polyurethane, and the lower spherical shell of the vibration isolator is connected to the base by means of vertical elastic elements made in the form of coil springs. 2. The two-stage spherical vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower elastic damping element is made in the form of a dry friction vibration isolator and contains an elastic element, a housing and a dry friction damper, the housing is made in the form of two opposed cylindrical coil spring top and the lower bushings, fixing the spring with its outer surface, and the dry friction damper is made in the form of at least three elastic petals, rigidly connected to the lower sleeve, and covering with a certain force the outer surface of the spring, containing the spring housing made of helical, hollow and elastic at least one additional elastic steel tube coaxially and axisymmetrically mounted with a gap inside the tube, and at least one friction element is located in the gaps between the tubes, while the surfaces of the spring housing and the additional elastic steel tube are in contact with the surfaces frictional elements, and their axis coincides with the axis of the turns of the case, and centrally, coaxially and axisymmetrically to the case, there is a screw elastic rod, made solid, in the form of a coil spring with a step less by 5 ÷ 10% of the step of the helix of the case, to create an interference fit, providing the functional purpose of the friction elements, and the friction elements are made tubular, and from the inside the petals of the vibration isolator are covered with a layer of sintered friction material made of copper, containing zinc, iron, lead, graphite, vermiculite, copper, chromium, antimony and silicon, in the following ratio of components, wt. %: zinc 6.0 ÷ 8.0; iron 0.1 ÷ 0.2; lead 2.0 ÷ 4.0; graphite 3.0 ÷ 7.0; vermiculite 8.0 ÷ 12.0; chrome 4.0 ÷ 6.0; antimony 0.05 ÷ 0.1; silicon 2.0 ÷ 3.0; copper - the rest, and the friction element located in the gaps between the tubes is made of friction material, including the following components, with their ratio, in wt. %: a mixture of resole and novolac phenol-formaldehyde resins in the ratio 1: (0.2-1.0) -8 ÷ 34%; a fibrous mineral filler containing glass roving or a mixture of glass roving and basalt fiber in a ratio of 1: (0.1-1.0) -12 ÷ 19%; graphite - 7 ÷ 18%; a friction modifier containing carbon black in the form of a mixture with kaolin and silicon dioxide - 7 ÷ 15%; barite concentrate - 20 ÷ 35%; talc - 1.5 ÷ 3.0%. 3. The two-stage spherical vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper elastic damping element is made in the form of a cylindrical spring, consisting of two parts with opposite ends, one part of which has turns of rectangular cross section, and the other part of the spring is hollow, with This counter-directed end of the first part is placed in the cavity of the second, the gaps of the segment profile of the contacting parts of the spring are filled with antifriction grease, while at the end of the second part of the spring there is a sealing sleeve to prevent leakage of lubricant, and the first part of the coil spring, made with round turns with rounded edges , covers a tube of damping material, for example polyurethane, clearances in the first part of a coil spring made with coils of rectangular cross section, which covers a tube of damping material, filled with crumb of friction material, clearances in the first part of a coil spring made with turns of rectangular cross section, which covers a tube of damping material, are filled with crumbs of friction material made of a composition comprising the following components, in their ratio, in wt. %: a mixture of resole and novolac phenol formaldehyde resins in a ratio of 1: (0.2-1.0) 28 ÷ 34% fibrous mineral filler containing glass roving or a mixture of glass roving and basalt fiber in a ratio of 1: (0.1-1.0) 12 ÷ 19% graphite 7 ÷ 18% carbon black friction modifier in the form of a mixture with kaolin and silicon dioxide 7 ÷ 15% barite concentrate 20 ÷ 35% talc 1.5 ÷ 3.0% 4. The two-stage spherical vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical elastic elements by means of which the lower spherical shell of the vibration isolator is connected to the base are made in the form of a plate-shaped elastic element containing a frame in which a plate-shaped elastic element is installed, the frame is made of a lower and the upper parts, while the lower part of the frame consists of a base made in the form of a disk with an annular internal groove in which the lower elastic ring of the elastic element of the plate type is placed, and the upper part of the frame is made in the form of a cover, which is a disk with a central annular recess, and rigidly connected by means of, for example, screws with an upper elastic ring of a disk-type elastic element, moreover, in the central annular recess of the lid there is a layer of vibration-damping material, for example, polyurethane, on which a mounting plate is fixed for attaching a vibration-insulated object, and a layer of vibration-damping material The rial placed in the central annular recess of the lid, on which the mounting plate for fixing the vibration-insulated object is fixed, is made in the form of three intermediate vibration-damping layers: the first layer is made of dispersed elastic-damping material, in which crumbs can be used, for example, the following materials: rubber, cork, foam , nylon, foamed polymer, as well as crumbs of solid vibration-damping materials, such as agate, anti-vibrate, shvim plastic with a size of fractions of crumbs of 1.5 ÷ 2.5 mm, the second layer is made of knitted elastic synthetic fibers moreover, the size of the cells knitted from elastic synthetic yarns is 10-15% smaller than the size of the fractions of crumbs of vibration damping materials; and the third layer is made of a continuous damping material, in which sponge rubber, needle-punched material of the type “Vibrosil” based on silica or alumino-borosilicate fiber, as well as non-woven vibration-damping material can be used.