RU2019134024A - TWO-STAGE SPHERICAL VIBRATION ISOLATOR - Google Patents

Claims (10)

1. Two-stage spherical vibration isolator, made in the form of a two-stage frame, consisting of series-connected and identical frames: upper and lower frames, with coaxially located in them, respectively, upper and lower elastic damping elements, made in the form of cylindrical helical springs, the coils of which are covered with vibration damping material, for example, polyurethane, characterized in that the upper and lower frames are made in the form of eccentrically located, rigid spherical shells: upper and lower, while the upper ends of the upper and lower elastic damping elements are fixed on the inner surface of the spherical shells by means of sectors made of material with adhesive and vibration damping properties, for example from polyurethane, while the peripheral parts of the spherical shells are connected by at least two inclined elastic elements made of a material with adhesive and vibration damping properties, for example from polyurethane, and the lower spherical shell of the vibration isolator is connected to the base by means of vertical elastic elements made in the form of cylindrical helical springs. 2. A two-stage spherical vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower elastic damping element is made in the form of a vibration isolator with dry friction and contains an elastic element, a housing and a dry friction damper, the housing is made in the form of two oppositely located relative to the ends of the cylindrical helical spring of the upper and the lower bushings fixing the spring with their outer surface, and the dry friction damper is made in the form of at least three elastic petals rigidly connected to the lower bushing, and embracing with a certain force the outer surface of the spring, containing the spring body made of helical, hollow and elastic a steel tube, inside which, coaxially and axisymmetrically, at least one additional elastic steel tube is installed with a gap, and at least one friction element is located in the gaps between the tubes, while the surfaces of the spring body and the additional elastic steel tube are in contact with the surfaces frictional e elements, and their axes coincide with the axis of the body turns, and centrally, coaxially and axisymmetrically to the body, there is a helical elastic rod, made solid, in the form of a helical spring with a pitch less than 5 ÷ 10% of the pitch of the body helical line, to create an interference fit that provides the functional purpose of the friction elements, and the friction elements are tubular, with the inside of the vibration isolator petals covered with a layer of sintered friction material made on the basis of copper, containing zinc, iron, lead, graphite, vermiculite, copper, chromium, antimony and silicon, with the following ratio of components, wt. %: zinc 6.0 ÷ 8.0 iron 0.1 ÷ 0.2 lead 2.0 ÷ 4.0 graphite 3.0 ÷ 7.0 vermiculite 8.0 ÷ 12.0 chromium 4.0 ÷ 6.0 antimony 0.05 ÷ 0.1 silicon 2.0 ÷ 3.0 copper rest and the friction element located in the gaps between the tubes is made of a friction material including the following components, with their ratio, wt. %: mixture of resole and novolac phenol-formaldehyde resins in a ratio of 1: (0.2-1.0) 8 ÷ 34% fibrous mineral filler, containing glass roving or a mixture of glass roving and basalt fiber in a ratio of 1: (0.1-1.0) 12 ÷ 19% graphite 7 ÷ 18% carbon black friction modifier as a mixture with kaolin and silicon dioxide 7 ÷ 15% barite concentrate 20 ÷ 35% talc 1.5 ÷ 3.0% 3. A two-stage spherical vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper elastic damping element is made in the form of a cylindrical spring, consisting of two parts with oppositely directed ends, one part of which has turns of rectangular section, and the other part of the spring is hollow, when In this case, the oppositely directed end of the first part is located in the cavity of the second, the gaps of the segment profile of the contacting parts of the spring are filled with antifriction grease, while at the end of the second part of the spring a sealing collar is installed to prevent grease leakage, and the first part of the coil spring, made with turns of a rectangular section with rounded edges , covers a tube made of damping material, for example polyurethane, gaps in the first part of the coil spring made with turns of rectangular cross-section, which is enclosed by a tube of damping material, filled with chips of friction material, gaps in the first part of the coil spring made with coils of rectangular cross-section, which is covered by a tube of damping material, are filled with crumbs of friction material made of a composition including the following components, at their ratio, in wt. %: mixture of resole and novolac phenol-formaldehyde resins in a ratio of 1: (0.2-1.0) 28 ÷ 34% fibrous mineral filler containing glass roving or a mixture of glass roving and basalt fiber in a ratio of 1: (0.1-1.0) 12 ÷ 19% graphite 7 ÷ 18%, carbon black friction modifier as a mixture with kaolin and silicon dioxide 7 ÷ 15% barite concentrate 20 ÷ 35% talc 1.5 ÷ 3.0% 4. The two-stage spherical vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical elastic elements, by means of which the lower spherical shell of the vibration isolator is connected to the base, are made in the form of a disk-shaped elastic element containing a frame in which an elastic element of a disk-type is installed, the frame is made of the lower and upper parts, while the lower part of the frame consists of a base made in the form of a disk with an annular inner groove, in which the lower elastic ring of a disk-type elastic element is located, and the upper part of the frame is made in the form of a cover, which is a disk with a central annular recess, and rigidly connected by means of, for example, screws with the upper elastic ring of the disk-type elastic element, and in the central annular recess of the cover there is a layer of vibration-damping material, for example, of polyurethane, on which a mounting plate is fixed for fastening a vibration-insulated object, and a layer of vibration-damping material riala, placed in the central annular recess of the cover, on which the mounting plate for fastening the vibration-insulated object is fixed, is made in the form of three intermediate vibration-damping layers: the first layer is made of dispersed elastic-damping material, in which crumb can be used, for example, the following materials: rubber, cork , foam, nylon, foamed polymer, as well as crumbs of solid vibration-damping materials, such as plastic compounds such as Agat, Antivibrit, Shvim with a crumb size of 1.5 ÷ 2.5 mm, the second layer is made of knitted elastic synthetic threads, moreover, the size of the cells, knitted from elastic synthetic threads, is 10 ÷ 15% less than the size of fractions of crumbs of vibration-damping materials; and the third layer is made of a solid damping material, in which spongy rubber, a Vibrosil-type needle-punched material based on silica or aluminoborosilicate fibers, as well as a non-woven vibration damping material can be used.