JP4563401B2 - ハフノセン触媒ポリエチレンからの高引裂強度フィルム - Google Patents
ハフノセン触媒ポリエチレンからの高引裂強度フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
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- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
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- B29C2948/92904—Die; Nozzle zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
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- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
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- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
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Description
発明の分野
本発明は、優れた物性のバランスを示すフィルムに関する。これらのフィルムは、広い組成分布(CD)及び分子量分布(MWD)を有するポリエチレンで製造される。
メタロセンで触媒されたエチレン重合体は、落槍衝撃強度(ダート)により評価される丈夫なフィルムを生ずることが知られている。従来のチーグラー・ナッタで触媒された線状低密度ポリエチレン(Z−N LLDPE)は、押出器の圧力及びモーター負荷によって測定されるときに、良好な加工性、剛性及び引裂強度、1%の割線モジュラス並びにエルメンドルフ引裂強度を有することが知られている。理想的には、ポリエチレン樹脂は、Z−N LLDPEの加工性を有し、かつ、メタロセンのような靭性とチーグラー・ナッタのような剛性及び引裂強度との組合せを示すフィルムを生じさせるであろう。フィルム吹込中に縦方向の延伸量を増加させることによってフィルムの靭性(例えば、MD引張強度)を改善させることが可能である。しかしながら、ポリエチレンフィルムの技術分野における通常の知識では、これらのフィルムの製造中にフィルムの縦方向(MD)の延伸を増加させることによってMD引裂強度のような他の物性が減少するであろうといわれている。
改善された物性と機械的性質のバランスを有するポリエチレンフィルム並びにその製造方法を提供する。一つの態様では、該フィルムは、25000psi以上の1%割線モジュラス、500g/ミル以上の落槍衝撃抵抗性及び500g/ミル以上のMD引裂強度を備える。別の態様では、該フィルムは、70℃〜90℃の温度及び120psia〜260psiaのエチレン分圧で操作される気相反応器内でハフニウムをベースとするメタロセンの存在下に製造されたエチレン系重合体を含む。
ハフノセンは、一般に、例えば、1&2メタロセンベースポリオレフィン(John Scheirs&W.Kaminsky著,John Wiley&Sons社,2000);G.G.Hlatky,181 COORDINATION CHEM.REV.243−296(1999)及び、特に、ポリエチレンの合成において使用するために、1 メタロセンベースポリオレフィン、261−377(2000)の全体にわたって記載されている。ここに記載されるようなハフノセン化合物としては、1個以上のCp配位子(シクロペンタジエニル及びシクロペンタジエニルにアイソローバルな配位子)がハフニウム原子に結合し、しかも1個以上の脱離基がハフニウム原子に結合してなる「半サンドイッチ」及び「全サンドイッチ」化合物 が挙げられる。以下、これらの化合物を、「ハフノセン」 、「メタロセン」又は「メタロセン触媒成分」という。ハフノセンは、以下にさらに記載するような特定の具体例では、担体材料に担持され、かつ、別の触媒成分と共に又はそれなしで担持され得る。
CpACpBHfXn (I)
(式中、それぞれのXはHfに化学的に結合し、それぞれのCp基はHfに化学的に結合し、nは0又は1〜4、特定の具体例では1又は2のいずれかの整数である。)
によって表される。
CpA(A)CpBHfXn (II)
によって表されるように、少なくとも1個の架橋性基(A)によって互いに架橋する。
上記の触媒は、任意のオレフィン予備重合方法若しくは重合方法又はその両方において使用するのに好適である。好適な重合方法としては、溶液、気相、スラリー相及び高圧方法又はそれらの任意の組合せが挙げられる。望ましい方法は、2〜30個の炭素原子、別の具体例では2〜12個の炭素原子、さらに別の具体例では2〜8個の炭素原子を有する1種以上のオレフィン単量体の気相重合である。この方法に有用なその他の単量体としては、エチレン性不飽和単量体、4〜18個の炭素原子を有するジオレフィン、共役又は非共役ジエン、ポリエン、ビニル単量体及び環状オレフィンが挙げられる。また、単量体としては、ノルボルネン、ノルボルナジエン、イソブチレン、イソプレン、ビニルベンゾシクロブタン、スチレン、アルキル置換スチレン、エチリデンノルボルネン、ジシクロペンタジエン及びシクロペンテンも挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
本発明の重合体は、典型的には、組成分布幅指数(CDBI)又は溶解度分布幅指数(SDBI)によって測定されるときに幅広い組成分布を有する。共重合体のCDBI又はSDBIを決定するさらなる詳細は当業者に周知である。例えば、1993年2月18日に公開されたPCT国際公開第WO93/03093号を参照されたい。ここに記載された触媒系を使用して製造された重合体は、50%以下、より好ましくは40%以下、最も好ましくは30%以下のCDBIを有する。一具体例では、重合体は、20%〜50%のCDBIを有する。別の具体例では、重合体は、20%〜35%のCDBIを有する。さらに別の具体例では、重合体は25%〜28%のCDBIを有する。
また、製造された重合体を添加剤とブレンドして、その後製造物品に使用できる組成物を形成させることもできる。これらの添加剤としては、酸化防止剤、核剤, 酸掃引剤, 可塑剤、安定剤、防食剤、発泡剤、連鎖中断酸化防止剤などのようなその他の紫外線吸収剤、消光剤、耐電防止剤、スリップ剤、顔料、染料及び充填剤並びに過酸化物のような硬化剤が挙げられる。ポリオレフィン産業におけるこれらの及びその他の一般的な添加剤は、ポリオレフィン組成物中に、一具体例では0.01〜50重量%、別の具体例では0.1〜20重量%、さらに別の具体例では1〜5重量%で存在し得るが、ここで、望ましい範囲には、任意の上限の重量%と任意の下限の重量%との任意の組合せが含まれ得る。
製造された重合体は、同等のメルトインデックス、共単量体のタイプ及び密度のEXCEED(商標)樹脂(エクソン・モービル・ケミカル社から入手可能)と比較して、さらに低いモーター負荷、さらに高い処理量及び/又は減少した上部圧力によるキャスト又はインフレートフィルム処理加工技術によってフィルム製品にさらに容易に押し出される。このようなポリオレフィン樹脂は、同等のMIに対して、EXCEED(商標)樹脂よりもさらに高い重量平均分子量及びさらに幅広いMWDを有する。
前記議論のよりよい理解を与えるために、次の限定されない例を提供する。これらの例は、特定の具体例に向けられ得るものであるが、本発明を任意の特定の態様に限定するものとみなすべきではない。
定義及び試験期間
1. ビス(プロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ハフニウムジクロリド:(PrCp) 2 HfCl 2 の製造
HfCl4(30.00g,93.7mmol,1.00当量)を−35℃でエーテル(400mL)に添加し、そして撹拌して白色の懸濁液を与えた。この懸濁液を再度−35℃に冷却し、次いで、リチウムプロピルシクロペンタジエニド(21.38g,187mmol,2.00当量)を一部分添加した。リチウムプロピルシクロペンタジエニドの添加により、反応体が淡褐色になり、そして懸濁された固形物により濃厚になった。この反応体を室温にまでゆっくりと暖め、そして17時間撹拌した。この褐色の混合物をろ過して褐色の固形物と麦わら色の溶液を与えた。この固形物をエーテル(3×50mL)で洗浄し、そしてこの混合エーテル溶液を真空下で〜100mLまで濃縮して冷たい白色の懸濁液を与えた。灰色がかった白色の固形物をろ過により分離し、そして真空下で乾燥させた。収量は33.59g(77%)であった。1H NMR(CD2Cl2):δ 0.92(t,6H,CH2CH2CH3)、1.56(m,4H,CH2CH2CH3)、2.60(t,4H,CH2CH2CH3)、6.10(m,4H,Cp−H)、6.21(m,4H,Cp−H)。
濁った緑褐色のビス(プロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ハフニウムジクロリド(70.00g,151mmol,1.00当量)のジクロルメタン(350mL)溶液に、弗化トリブチル錫(98.00g,317mmol,2.10当量)を添加した。該反応体は、10分の撹拌後に明るい琥珀色であった。該反応体を130分撹拌し、次いで、セライトによってろ過して琥珀色の溶液と灰色がかった白色の固形物を与えた。該固形物をジクロルメタンで洗浄し、この混合ジクロルメタン溶液を、スープ状のマニラ混合物を残して真空下で蒸発させた。該混合物にペンタン(1L)を添加し、そしてこれを10分間撹拌し、そして−35℃に冷却した。得られた灰色がかった白色の固形物をろ過し、そして冷却したペンタン(3×75mL)で洗浄し、そして真空下で乾燥させて白色の粉末を与えた。収量は56.02g(86%)であった。1H NMR(CD2Cl2): δ 0.92(t,6H,CH2CH2CH3)、1.55(m,4H,CH2CH2CH3)、2.47(t,4H,CH2CH2CH3)、6.00(m,4H,Cp−H)、6.23(m,4H,Cp−H)。19F NMR(CD2Cl2):δ 23.9。
活性触媒を120:1のAl/Hfモル比で製造し、そして完成した触媒へのハフニウムの充填量は、次の一般的な手順を使用して0.685重量%であった。メチルアルミノキサン(MAO)の30重量%トルエン溶液(Albemarle Corporation,ルイジアナ州バトンルージュから得られる)の1140ccを清浄な乾燥した2ガロンの容器に添加し、そして60rpmで及び80°Fで5〜15分間撹拌した。追加の1500〜1800ccのトルエンを撹拌しつつ添加した。メタロセンを250ccのトルエンに溶解させ、そしてこの運搬容器を追加の150ccのトルエンですすいだ。メタロセン/MAO混合物を120rpmで1時間撹拌した。次いで、850gのシリカであるIneos757(英国ウォリントンのIneos Silicas Limited。600℃で脱水されたもの)を添加し、そして55分間撹拌した。次いで、該触媒を155°Fで10時間にわたり流動窒素下で30rpmで撹拌しつつ乾燥させた。
インフレートフィルムを、6”振動ダイを備えた2.5”Battenfield Gloucesterライン(30:1 L:D)で押し出した。アウトプット速度は、188lb/時間(10lb/時間/ダイ円周内)であり、ダイギャップは60ミルであった。目標のフィルムゲージは、0.75ミルであり、そしてBURを2.5で一定に維持した。FLHは典型的には19〜24”であった。標準的な「ハンプ」温度プロフィルを、「BZ」がバレル区域である場合に使用した:BZ1=310/BZ2=410/BZ3=375/BZ4=335/BZ5=335/アダプター=390/ダイ=390°F。
Claims (8)
- ポリエチレンフィルムの製造方法であって、
ハフニウムをベースとするメタロセンの存在下でエチレンと共単量体とを75℃〜80℃の温度、220psia(1516.9kPa)〜260psia(1792.7kPa)のエチレン分圧及び0.01〜0.02の共単量体対エチレンモル比で反応させてエチレン系重合体を製造し、そして
該エチレン系重合体を押し出してポリエチレンフィルムを製造すること
を含む、ポリエチレンフィルムの製造方法。 - ハフニウムをベースとするメタロセンが次式:
CpACpBHfX2
(式中、それぞれのXは、独立して、弗素、塩素、沃素、臭素及びそれらの組合せよりなる群から選択され、CpA及びCpBはHfに結合し、そして独立してシクロペンタジエニル、インデニル、テトラヒドロインデニル、フルオレニル、それらの置換誘導体及びそれらの組合せよりなる群から選択される)
によって表される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - ハフニウムをベースとするメタロセンがビス(プロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ハフニウムジクロリド又はビス(プロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ハフニウムジフルオリドである、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 共単量体が1−ヘキセンである、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- エチレン系重合体が20%〜50%の組成分布幅指数(CDBI)及び18℃〜22℃の溶解度分布幅指数(SDBI)を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- エチレン系重合体が20%〜35%の組成分布幅指数(CDBI)及び18.7℃〜21.4℃の溶解度分布幅指数(SDBI)を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- エチレン系重合体が2.2〜3のZ平均分子量対重量平均分子量の比を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記押出工程がインフレートフィルムの押出又はキャストフィルムの押出を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法。
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- 2004-04-13 CN CNA2004800375223A patent/CN1894099A/zh active Pending
- 2004-04-13 KR KR1020067011692A patent/KR101021762B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-13 BR BRPI0417606-5A patent/BRPI0417606B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-04-13 JP JP2006545309A patent/JP4563401B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2004-08-16 TW TW93124567A patent/TWI405665B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2005
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2006
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| US20050058847A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
| BRPI0417606B1 (pt) | 2014-11-11 |
| KR20060135660A (ko) | 2006-12-29 |
| TWI405665B (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
| RU2006125381A (ru) | 2008-01-27 |
| EP1694502A4 (en) | 2008-01-02 |
| US20050215716A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
| AR045845A1 (es) | 2005-11-16 |
| BRPI0417606A (pt) | 2007-03-27 |
| CN1894099A (zh) | 2007-01-10 |
| MY137767A (en) | 2009-03-31 |
| EP1694502A1 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
| AU2004305437A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
| KR101021762B1 (ko) | 2011-03-15 |
| CA2547396A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
| DE602004030150D1 (de) | 2010-12-30 |
| WO2005061225A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
| JP2007513815A (ja) | 2007-05-31 |
| AU2004305437B2 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
| US7172816B2 (en) | 2007-02-06 |
| US7179876B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 |
| RU2348659C2 (ru) | 2009-03-10 |
| US6936675B2 (en) | 2005-08-30 |
| US20050171283A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
| TW200518834A (en) | 2005-06-16 |
| ZA200604829B (en) | 2007-09-26 |
| EP1694502B1 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
| MXPA06006774A (es) | 2006-09-04 |
| ATE488362T1 (de) | 2010-12-15 |
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