JP4547911B2 - リン含有化合物およびその用途 - Google Patents
リン含有化合物およびその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4547911B2 JP4547911B2 JP2003564006A JP2003564006A JP4547911B2 JP 4547911 B2 JP4547911 B2 JP 4547911B2 JP 2003564006 A JP2003564006 A JP 2003564006A JP 2003564006 A JP2003564006 A JP 2003564006A JP 4547911 B2 JP4547911 B2 JP 4547911B2
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- moiety
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- independently
- aliphatic
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- NWIBSHFKIJFRCO-WUDYKRTCSA-N Mytomycin Chemical compound C1N2C(C(C(C)=C(N)C3=O)=O)=C3[C@@H](COC(N)=O)[C@@]2(OC)[C@@H]2[C@H]1N2 NWIBSHFKIJFRCO-WUDYKRTCSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 210000002321 radial artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003127 radioimmunoassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- GZUITABIAKMVPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N raloxifene Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=C(C(=O)C=2C=CC(OCCN3CCCCC3)=CC=2)C2=CC=C(O)C=C2S1 GZUITABIAKMVPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004622 raloxifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009256 replacement therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012508 resin bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000004193 respiratory failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000250 revascularization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091092562 ribozyme Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XMVJITFPVVRMHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N roxarsone Chemical group OC1=CC=C([As](O)(O)=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O XMVJITFPVVRMHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WUWDLXZGHZSWQZ-WQLSENKSSA-N semaxanib Chemical compound N1C(C)=CC(C)=C1\C=C/1C2=CC=CC=C2NC\1=O WUWDLXZGHZSWQZ-WQLSENKSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000019491 signal transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 208000000587 small cell lung carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- ILJOYZVVZZFIKA-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,1-dioxo-1,2-benzothiazol-3-olate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C2=C1 ILJOYZVVZZFIKA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001082 somatic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
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- 208000011317 telomere syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000001712 tetrahydronaphthyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000147 tetrahydroquinolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- OULAJFUGPPVRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetratriacontyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO OULAJFUGPPVRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPLHNVLQVRSVEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N texas red Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=CC=C1C(C1=CC=2CCCN3CCCC(C=23)=C1O1)=C2C1=C(CCC1)C3=[N+]1CCCC3=C2 MPLHNVLQVRSVEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011287 therapeutic dose Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013334 tissue model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000187 tissue plasminogen activator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005196 titanium dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101150049389 tor2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002103 transcriptional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011820 transgenic animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000472 traumatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000020049 trigeminal nerve disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XRASPMIURGNCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zoledronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(P(O)(O)=O)(O)CN1C=CN=C1 XRASPMIURGNCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明の化合物において、
Aは−O−、−S−もしくは−NR2−であるか、または存在せず (すなわち、JQ−を43位炭素に結合する共有結合である) ;
Qは、存在しないか、あるいは (Aが−O−、−S−または−NR2−である場合) Qは−V−、−OV−、−SV−または−NR2V−であってもよく、ここでVは脂肪族、ヘテロ脂肪族、アリール、またはヘテロアリール部分であり、従って、Jは該シクロヘキシル環に直接か、Aを介してか、またはVA、OVA、SVAもしくはNR2VAを介して結合しており;
各所のYはそれぞれ独立して−O−、−S−、−NR2−またはR5 部分をPに結合する化学結合であり;
各所のR2 およびR5 はそれぞれ独立して脂肪族、ヘテロ脂肪族、アリールもしくはヘテロアリール部分であるかHであり;そして各所のR6 はそれぞれ独立にR5 、−PK( YR5)(YR5)、−SO2(YR5)または−C(O)(YR5)であり;ただし、Pに直接結合するR2 、R5 またはR6 部分はいずれもHではなく (例、−PR2 、−PR5 および−PR6 は−PHではありえない) ;
ここで2つのR2 、R5 及び/又はR6 部分は互いに化学結合して環を形成してもよく;
各所のGはそれぞれ独立して−O−、−S−、−NR2−、 (M) X またはR6 をPに結合する化学結合であり;
各所のMはそれぞれ独立して置換または非置換メチレン部分であり、そしてどのM−M’部分も飽和または不飽和でよく;
各所のX はそれぞれ独立して0〜6の整数であり;
R7aおよびR7bの一方がHであり、他方がH、ハロゲン、−RA 、−ORA 、−SRA 、−OC(O)RA 、−OC(O)NRARB 、−NRARB 、−NRBC(O)RA 、−NRBC(O)ORA 、−NRBSO2RA または−NRBSO2NRARB であるか;R7aおよびR7bは一緒になってテトラエン部分中のHであり:
ここで上記脂肪族およびヘテロ脂肪族部分は、それぞれ独立して、直鎖もしくは分岐、または環式もしくは非環式、そして置換もしくは非置換であり、そしてアリール、ヘテロアリール、アシル、アロイルもしくはヘテロアロイル部分はそれぞれ独立して置換または非置換であり、
但し、(a) JQA− が (R2Y)(Me)(P=O)O−である場合、 (R2Y) は(i) 免疫原性担体材料、検出担体材料または固体マトリックスではないか、(ii)R2 が15以下、好ましくは10以下の炭素原子を含有し;そして(b) 化合物が、
本発明の各種態様において特に興味あるJ部分は系列1に示すものを含み:
例えば、かかるクラスの1つは式 (a) により示される:
興味ある本発明の別のクラスの化合物は、最初に記載した条件付きで式 (c) により示される:
興味ある本発明の別のクラスの化合物は、式 (d) により示される:
興味ある本発明の別のクラスの化合物は、式 (e) により示される:
興味ある本発明の別のクラスの化合物は、式 (f) により示される:
興味ある本発明の別のクラスの化合物は、式 (g) により示される:
特に興味あるのは、下記の1または2以上の点でサブクラス (g)(i)(a) と異なる (g)(ii) のサブクラスの化合物である: (a)28 位の置換基がエピマー化されている (ラパマイシンのC28−OHの向きに対して) 、 (b)24 位および30位の一方または両方のケトンがヒドロキシル基に還元されている、 (c) 7位のメトキシ基がHまたは他の箇所で挙げられた各種C7置換基の1つで置換されている、および (d)43 位の置換基J−O−がエピマーの向きにある (ラパマイシンのC43−OHの向きに対して) 。また、Jは前記リン酸含有部分のいずれかである。
(j) 図1の化合物、ここで、JQA−は、ラパマイシンに対してC43での立体化学的配置を保存しながらラパマイシンのC−43ヒドロキシル基を置換し、JQAは最初に記載した条件付きで前に定義した通りである。かかる化合物は以下に詳細に述べるようにラパマイシンから調製することができる。
(m) 分子量が1700以下、好ましくは1400以下、より好ましくは1200以下の質量単位 (化合物が塩の形態である場合においては対イオンの寄与は入れない) の本発明の化合物。
(p) 下記式の化合物およびその薬学的に許容される誘導体:
但し、JQA−は、 (HO)2(P=O)−O−、 (MeO)2(P=O)O−、 (HO)2(P=O)−W−O−、またはこのような (HO)2(P=O)−W−O−含有ラパマイシン誘導体のデスメチルまたは還元類似物;またはこれらのいずれかの塩ではなく、ここでWは、
そして、J−Q−A−が (R2Y)(Me)(P=O)O−である場合、 (R2Y) は免疫原性担体材料、検出用担体材料もしくは固体マトリックスまたはそれらの塩ではない。
ここでR2 およびR5 のそれぞれは独立して、置換されていても非置換でもよい、低級脂肪族またはアリール部分から選択され、それに加えて、−OR5 および−NR2 R5 は−OHおよび−NHR5 であってもよい、ただし、J−Q−A−が (R2Y)(Me)(P=O)O−である場合、 (R2Y) は15以下の炭素原子を含有する。
ここで、Aは−O−、−S−もしくは−NR2 −であるか、または存在せず;Qは、存在しないか、あるいは (Aが−O−、−S−または−NR2−である場合) Qは−V−、−OV−、−SV−または−NR2V−であってもよく、ここでVは脂肪族、ヘテロ脂肪族、アリール、またはヘテロアリール部分であり、従って、Jは該シクロヘキシル環に直接か、Aを介してか、またはVA、OVA、SVAもしくはNR2VAを介して結合しており;KはOまたはSであり;
各所のR2 およびR5 はそれぞれ独立して脂肪族、ヘテロ脂肪族、アリールもしくはヘテロアリール部分であるか、またはHであり;そしてR6 はそれぞれ独立にR5 、−PK (YR5)( YR5)、−SO2 (YR5)または−C(O)(YR5)であり;ただし、Pに直接結合するいずれのR2 、R5 またはR6 部分もHではなく;ここで2つのR2 、R5 及び/又はR6 部分は互いに化学的に結合して環を形成してもよく;
各所のGはそれぞれ独立して−O−、−S−、−NR2 −、 (M)X またはR6 をPに結合する化学結合であり;
各所のMはそれぞれ独立して置換または非置換メチレン部分であり、そしてどのM−M’部分も飽和または不飽和でよく;
各所のX はそれぞれ独立して0〜6の整数であり;
ここで上記脂肪族およびヘテロ脂肪族部分はそれぞれ独立して直鎖もしくは分岐、または環式もしくは非環式、そして置換もしくは非置換であり、そしてアリール、ヘテロアリール、アシル、アロイルまたはヘテロアロイル部分はそれぞれ独立して置換または非置換であり、
さらに次の1または2以上の特徴を有する:
(1)28 位でのエピマー化、または28位のヒドロキシル基 (いずれの立体化学的配置でも) のハロゲン、−OR2 もしくは−OC (=O) AR2 による置換;
(2)24 位のケトンの、置換もしくは非置換オキシムによる、または式−OR2 もしくは−OC (=O) AR2 示されるヒドロキシル基もしくはその誘導体による置換;
(3)24 位のケトンの、置換もしくは非置換オキシム、または式−OR2 もしくは−OC (=O) AR2 で示されるヒドロキシル基もしくはその誘導体による置換;
(4) 7位の−OMeのエピマー化、及び/又は−OMeのH、ハロゲン、−RA 、−ORA 、−SRA 、−OC(O)RA 、−OC(O)NRARB 、−NRARB 、−NRBC(O)RA 、−NRBC(O)ORA 、−NRBSO2RA もしくは−NRBSO2NRARB (ここでRA はR2 であり、RB はOHまたはR2 である) から選択された部分による置換;および
(5) テトラエン部分:
(z) R2 およびR5 がそれぞれ独立に選択された、場合により1または2以上のハロゲン、−OH、アルコキシル、アルキルオシキアルキルオキシ、ハロアルキル、ヒドロキシアルコキシル、アシル、アシルオキシ、ヘテロ環式、アリール、またはヘテロアリール置換基を有するC1−C6アルキル基であり、それに加えて、−OR5 および−NR2 R5 は−OHおよび−NHR5 であってもよい、 (y) タイプの化合物。例えば、いくつかの例では、R2 およびR5 がそれぞれ独立して、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、プロピル、n−ブチル、2−ブチル、t−ブチル、フェニル、またはヘテロアリール (これらはそれぞれ、場合により1または2以上の前記種類の置換基または本明細書に開示されたその他の置換基を有する) から選択される。
(ab)(v) タイプの化合物に関連して記載されたJ部分を含む、 (y) または (z) タイプの化合物。
−薬学的に許容される担体と共に、そして場合により1または2以上の薬学的に許容される賦形剤を含有する、上記各種タイプの任意の化合物を包含する本発明の化合物を含む組成物。この組成物は、ヒト患者を含む哺乳類個体などの個体に経口または非経口投与するのに適したものでありうる。組成物はこの明細書に記載の任意の投与経路により投与されるのに適するように慣用の材料を用いて製造することができる。
−ここに記載する各種医薬用途およびその他の用途に有用な組成物を製造するための、本発明化合物の使用。
−免疫抑制量 (すなわち、免疫抑制用量の定期的投与を含む免疫抑制療法のクール) の上記組成物の1つを個体に投与することにより個体の免疫反応を抑制する方法、例えば、レシピエントにおいて移植された組織の拒絶を治療または抑制する方法として。
−本発明の化合物を含む治療有効量の組成物をその必要がある個体に投与することにより、かかる個体において、移植片対宿主疾患、狼瘡、リューマチ様関節炎、糖尿病、重症筋無力症、多発性硬化症、乾癬、皮膚炎、湿疹、脂漏、炎症性腸疾患、肺の炎症、眼のブドウ膜炎、成人T細胞白血病/リンパ腫、真菌感染症、高増殖性再狭窄、移植血管性アテローム性動脈硬化症、脳の血管性疾患、冠動脈性疾患、脳血管性疾患、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、非アテローム性動脈硬化症、または免疫により媒介される血管損傷、発作もしくは多発梗塞性痴呆症に至る細胞性事象による血管壁損傷を治療する方法。
−その必要がある個体において、冠動脈性疾患、脳血管性疾患、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、非アテローム性動脈硬化症、または免疫により媒介される血管損傷、発作もしくは多発梗塞性痴呆症に至る細胞性事象による血管壁損傷を治療する方法であり、この方法は、個体に本発明の化合物を含む組成物を単独で、あるいは本明細書の他の箇所で記載された1または2以上のその他の治療薬、例えば、特に、ACE 阻害剤 (キナプリル、ペリンドプリル、ラミプリル、カプトプリル、トランドラプリル、フォシノプリル、リシノプリル、モエキシプリルおよびエナラプリルなど) 、アンギオテンシンII受容体拮抗薬 (カンデサルタン、イルベサルタン、ロサルタン、バルサルタンおよびテルミサルタン等) 、フィブリン酸 (fibric acid)誘導体 (クロフィブラート、ジェムフィブロジルなど) 、HMG Co-Aレダクターゼ阻害剤 (セリバスタチン、フルバスタチン、アトルバスタチン、ロバスタチン、プラバスタチンもしくはシムバスタチンなど) 、β−アドレナリン遮断薬 (ソタロール、チモロール、エスモロール、カルテオロール、プロプラノロール、ベタキソロール、ペンブトロール、ナドロール、アセブトロール、アテノロール、メトプロロールおよびビソプロロールなど) 、カルシウム拮抗薬 (ニフェジピン、ベラパミル、ニカルジピン、ジルチアゼム、ニモジピン、アムロジピン、フェロジピン、ニソルジピンおよびベプリジルなど) 、抗酸化薬、抗凝固薬 (ワルファリン、ダルテパリン、ヘパリン、エノキサパリンおよびダナパロイドなど) 、またはエストロゲン類を包含するホルモン置換療法に有用な薬剤 (エストロゲン複合体、エチニルエストラジオール、17−β−エストラジオール、エストラジオールおよびエストロピパートなど) による治療と併用して投与することを含む。この場合およびここに記載のその他の場合において、追加の薬剤は本発明の化合物の投与の前もしくは後、あるいは同時に与えればよい。
−本発明の化合物を含む治療有効量の組成物を個体に投与することを含む、その必要のある個体におけるがんの治療方法。こうして治療できる各種のがんは本明細書の他の箇所に記載している。この治療は、1または2以上のその他のがん治療法と組み合わせて提供さてもよく、例えば、抗がん性アルキル化剤またはインターカレート剤、抗エストロゲン剤、キナーゼ阻害剤 (例、Src 、BRC/Abl 、kdr 、aurora-2、グリコーゲンシンターゼキナーゼ3 (「GSK-3 」) 、ガン関連受容体もしくはホルモンに対する抗体 (例、EGFR, PDGFR, IGF-RおよびIL-2) 、またはかかる受容体に対する可溶性受容体もしくはその他の受容体アンタゴニスト、プロテアソーム阻害剤またはその他のNF-kB 阻害剤の個体への投与、あるいは放射線照射と組み合わせてもよい。その他の治療薬の例は本明細書の他の箇所に記載され、特に、ジロプリム (Zyloprim) 、アレムツズマブ、アルトレタミン、アミホスチン、ナストロゾール、前立腺特異的膜抗原に対する抗体 (MLN-591 、MLN-591RL 、MLN2704 など) 、三酸化ヒ素、アバスチン(Avastin) TM (もしくはその他の抗VEGF抗体) 、ベキサロテン、ブレオマイシン、ブスルファン、カペシタビン、カルボプラチン、グリアデルウエファー (Gliadel Wafer)、セレコキシブ、クロラムブシル、シスプラチン、シスプラチン−エピネフリンゲル、クラドリビン、シタラビンリポソーマル、ダウノルビシンリポソーマル、ダウノルビシン、ダウノマイシン、デキスラゾキサン、ドセタキセル、ドキソルビシン、エリオットB溶液、エピルビシン、エストラムスチン、リン酸エトポシド、エトポシド、エキセメスタン、フルダラビン、5-FU、フルベストラント、ジェムシタビン、ジェムツズマブ−オゾガミシン、酢酸ゴセレリン、ヒドロキシ尿素、イダルビシン、イダマイシン、イホスファミド、イマチニブメシレート、イリノテカン (もしくは、MLN576 (XR11576)などの抗体を含む、その他のトポイソメラーゼ阻害剤) 、レトロゾール、ロイコボリン、ロイコボリンレバミソール、リポソマールダウノルビシン、メルファラン、L-PAM 、メスナ、メトトレキサート、メトキサレン、マイトマイシンC、ミトキサントロン、MLN518もしくはMLN608 (またはflt-3 受容体チロシンキナーゼのその他の阻害剤、PDFG-Rもしくはc-kit)、イトキサントロン、パクリタキセル、ペガデメイス (Pegademase) 、ペントスタチン、ポルフィマーナトリウム、リツキシマブ (RITUXANTM) 、タルク、タモキシフェン、テモゾラミド、テニポシド、VM-26 、トポテカン、トレミフェン、トラスツズマブ (HerceptinTM、もしくはその他の抗Her2抗体) 、2C4(もしくはHER2媒介シグナリングを妨げるその他の抗体) 、トレチノイン、ATRA、バルルビシン、ビノレルビン、またはパミドロナート、ゾレドロナートもしくは別のビスホスホネートがある。
−本発明の化合物を、マトリックス中に分散させて、またはステント上または中の、チャネル、貯蔵部もしくはその他の室に配置して含む血管用ステントを包含する薬剤溶出ステント。種々のタイプのステント、およびかかるステントに薬剤を担持させるための手段と材料は、本明細書の他の箇所およびここで引用した参照文献に記載されている。各種マトリックス、ポリマーおよびその他の材料も、本明細書および引用した参照文献に記載されている。ステントの例としては次のステントが挙げられる:Angiomed (Bard), Cardiocoil (In-Stent Medtronic), CORINTHIAN (BSC), Radius (Scimed), Wallstent (Schneider), Act-one (ACT), Angiostent (angioynamics), be-Stent (In-Stent Medtronic), BiodivYsio (Biocompatibles), Cordis, Cross-flex (Cordis), Crown (JJIS), Freedom (Global therapeutics), Gianturco-Roubin II(Cook), Jo-med, Jostent flex (Jomed), Microstent GFX (AVE), Multilink (Guidant-ACS), NIR (Medinol), NIR Royal (Medinol), NIRflex (Medinol), NIRSIDE flex (Medinol), Palmaz-Scatz (JJIS), STS (De Scheerder), Tensum (Biotronic), Wiktor-GX (Medtronic), Wiktol-1 (Metronic), X-Trode (Bard), Y-Flex (Devon), Tsunami (Terumo), Bx Velocity (J&J), SLK-View (Advanced Stent Technologies, Inc.) およびDuraflex (Avantec)ステント。ステントは上記のいずれでもよく、または本明細書および引用した参照文献に記載のタイプの任意のステントの別の例であってもよく、そして他の箇所に記載のその他の材料 (例、分解性もしくは腐食性であっても、そうでなくてもよいポリマー) を含有していてもよい。
−本発明の化合物、およびこの化合物をステントに適用するために適した希釈剤を含む組成物。
本明細書の説明において、特に指定がないかぎり、以下の情報および定義が適用される。さらに、2つの出現が同じまたは異なり得る (例えばRおよびR’) ことを単に示すためのスラッシュ記号やダッシュの使用に気付く場合があるかもしれないが、特に指定がないかぎり、官能基の出現はすべて独立に選択される。本明細書に開示された化学構造中またはそれに関する原子の番号は、式1に示した番号付与のシステムに関連する。また、追加の定義および指示情報についてはWO 01/14387 の15〜18頁が参照され、以下が補足される。
ここで用いた「アルキル」なる用語は、直鎖、分岐鎖および環式の全てのアルキル基を含む。同様の規定が「アルケニル」、「アルキニル」等の他の一般用語にもあてはまる。さらに、ここで用いた「アルキル」、「アルケニル」、「アルキニル」等は、置換と非置換の両方の基を包含する。
特に記載がない場合、ここに示した構造は、その構造のすべての立体化学的形態、即ち、各不斉中心に対するR及びS形態を含むことも意味する。従って、本発明化合物の単一立体化学的異性体、及び鏡像異性体及びジアステレオ異性体の混合物は本発明の範囲内に包含される。このように、本発明は、実質的にその他の異性体を含まない各ジアステレオマー又は鏡像異性体 (モル基準でその他の立体異性体を>90%、好ましくは>95%含まない) 、及びかかる異性体の混合物 (本明細書の化学構造では、波線、即ち式1の43及び28位の波線はR又はSの向きを示す) を含む。
本発明の各種方法の実施において特に興味あるJQA-含有ラパログの別のサブセットは、C24及びC30の置換基が両方とも (=O) 以外であるものである。特に興味あるのは、WO 99/36553 に開示されたC30及びC24置換基である。このサブセットは、特に、RC30 及びRC24 がOHであり、RC7a とRC7b の一方が、WO 01/14387 に記載された任意のC7置換基を包含する。ここで指定した位置における任意の置換基を含む、すべての43-JQA含有ラパログが挙げられる。特に興味あるのは、RC7a 及びRC7b の一方が環状脂肪族、アリール、ヘテロ環式もしくはヘテロアリール (場合により置換されていてもよい) である化合物である。このサブセットの範囲内のその他の化合物には、ヒドロキシル基の1、2、3、4又は5つがエピマー化、フッ素化、アルキル化、アシル化又はその他の方法でエステル、カルバメート、カーボネートもしくは尿素形成を介して変更されている化合物がある。例えば、化合物の例には、C28及びC30のヒドロキシル基がアルキル化、アシル化又はカーボネート形成により結合されているJQA 含有ラパログがある。
興味ある他のJQA 含有ラパログには、RC14 がOHであるものが包含される。
合成指針
発酵および完全合成によるラパマイシンの製造は既知である。発酵生成物として多数のラパログを製造することも知られている。そのようなラパログとしては、とりわけ、ラパマイシンの特徴的なシクロヘキシル環またはピペコラート環に別の部分を有するラパログ、ならびにC7−デスメチルラパマイシン、C29−デスメチルラパマイシンおよびC29−デスメトキシラパマイシンが挙げられる。
ジアルキル/ジアリールクロロホスフェートの製造
経路I(2工程、ワンポット)
本発明化合物の精製
ラパマイシン及び各種ラパログを精製するための多様な材料と方法が科学文献及び特許文献において報告されており、ここに開示するラパログの精製に応用できる。BIOTAGE 包装カートリッジ系を用いたフラッシュクロマトグラフィーが特に効果的であった。典型的プロトコルが以下の実施例において開示される。
本発明化合物の物性化学的特性決定
ラパログの同定、純度及び化学/物理学的特性は、HPLC、質量スペクトル分析、X線結晶学及びNMR分光分析を包含する既知の方法及び材料を用いて決定又は確認できる。3秒の典型的緩和遅延を用いて得られる高解像1D1 H及び31P NMRスペクトルが、逆相HPLC分析(分析カラム、粒度3μ、孔径120 オングストローム、50℃まで温度調整、50%アセトニトリル、5%メタノール及び45%水(すべて体積%)の移動相、例えばイソクラティック(isocratic) 溶出系、生成物の溶出及び不純物ピーク、次いで280 nmでのUV検出)と同様、有用であることが分かった。
本発明化合物の生物学的特性決定
ラパログの生物学的特性は、例えばFKBP12への結合、T細胞増殖の阻害、抗真菌活性、in vitroもしくは in vivoでの抗腫瘍活性(例、in vitroおよび/または in vivoでの1又は2以上のガン細胞系に対する)、免疫抑制活性、及びFKBP及びFRAP含有融合タンパク質に基づく3-ハイブリッドアッセイにおける活性を測定するアッセイを包含する、既知の方法及び材料を用いて決定しうる。かかる多くのアッセイの例はSorbera 等, Drugs of the Future 2002、27(1):7-13(ここに参照文献として援用される)に開示又は言及されている。
結合特性、アッセイ
ラパマイシンはヒトタンパク質のFKBP12に結合し、hFKBP12 およびFRAP (酵母タンパク質TOR1およびTOR2のヒト対応物) と3成分会合体(tripartite complex)を生成することが知られている。ラパログは、それらのヒトFKBP12に結合する能力ならびに/またはヒトFKBP12およびヒトFRAP (もしくはそのFRB ドメインを含有する融合タンパク質もしくはフラグメント) と3成分会合体を生成する能力に関して特性決定(characterization)し、ラパマイシンと比較することができる。WO96/41865 (Clackson等) を参照。その出願は、ある化合物がヒトFKBP12と結合する能力またはそれぞれヒトFKBP12およびヒトFRAPのFRB ドメインを含有するタンパク質と3成分会合体を形成 (即ち、「ヘテロ二量体化」) する能力を定性化するのに使用することができる各種の材料および方法を開示している。このようなアッセイとしては蛍光偏光アッセイによる結合の測定が挙げられる。別の有用なアッセイ法として、あるラパログが3成分会合体を生成する能力を、その化合物の存在下で遺伝子工学処理した哺乳類細胞が産生するリポーター遺伝子産物の観察レベルとの相関により間接的に測定する、細胞に基づく転写アッセイがある。同様の細胞に基づくアッセイは遺伝子工学処理した酵母細胞でも実施できる。例えば、WO 95/33052(Berlinら) を参照。
用途
本発明のラパログは、例えば、所望遺伝子の転写の調節可能な活性化、標的遺伝子の欠損、アポトーシスの作動、または他の生物学的事象の発動を、培養で増殖中の遺伝子工学操作された細胞中または遺伝子治療用途を含む完全生体中で行うために、WO 94/18317 、WO 95/02684 、WO 96/20951 、WO 95/41865 、WO 99/36553 およびWO 01/14387 に記載されたように使用することができる。さらに、本発明のある種の化合物は、慣用のアッセイ法を用いて定量および比較しうるように、免疫抑制性及び/もしくは抗がん性及び/もしくは抗炎症活性及び/もしくは増殖抑制及び/もしくは抗真菌活性を有し、並びに/又は胸腺細胞の増殖をin vitroで抑制する。従って、これらの化合物は、臓器もしくは組織移植拒絶;狼瘡、リューマチ様関節炎、糖尿病および多発性硬化症などの自己免疫疾患;真菌感染症;炎症性疾患 (乾癬、湿疹、脂漏、炎症性腸疾患、および喘息、慢性閉塞性疾患、気腫、気管支炎などの肺の炎症;高増殖性血管性疾患、( 例、血管ステントの導入後の再狭窄) (例えば、Sousa et al, Circulation, 2001, 103:192-195 参照) ;結節性硬化症などの症候群 (Kwaitkovski et al, Human Molecular Genetics, 2002, vol 11, No.5, 525-534 頁参照) およびある種のがん (例、乳がん、前立腺、卵巣、肺、膵臓、結腸、頭部および頸部のがん、脳のグリア芽腫もしくはそのかのがん、黒色腫および子宮頸がん) 、特にPTEN欠損腫瘍、( 例えば、Neshat et al, PNAS 98(18):10314-10319; Podsypanina et al, PNAS 98(18):01320-10325; Mills et al PNAS 98(18):10031-10033; Hidalgo et al, Oncogene (2000)19, 6680-6686)参照) の治療および抑制に有用である。本発明のある種の化合物は、破骨細胞機能を阻害する能力のために興味があり、骨粗鬆症、特に閉経前後またはその後の症状と関連した骨粗鬆症などの消耗性骨疾患の患者の治療に有用であろう。ページェット病、骨の新生物と関連した高カルシウム血症およびその他の種類の骨粗鬆症と関連障害、例えば (これらに限定されないが) 、退行性骨粗鬆症、I型、即ち閉経後骨粗鬆症、II型、即ち老人性骨粗鬆症、若年性骨粗鬆症、特発性骨粗鬆症、内分泌異常、甲状腺亢進、性腺機能低下、卵巣無発育、ターナー症候群、副腎皮質亢進症またはクッシング症候群、上皮小体亢進症、骨髄異常、多発性骨髄腫および関連障害、全身性肥満細胞症、散在性がん腫、ゴーシェ病、結合組織異常、骨形成不全症、ホモシスチン尿症、エーラース−ダンロス症候群、マリファン症候群、メンケス症候群、不動化 (immobilization) もしくは無重力感、ズーデック萎縮、慢性閉塞性肺疾患、ヘパリン長期投与および抗痙攣薬の長期摂取、を有するまたはそのリスクのある患者の治療のための、本発明化合物の投与もまた考えられる。
1.調節された遺伝子治療
多くの例において、治療用遺伝子のスイッチを随意にオンおよびオフにする能力、およびその発現レベルを測定する能力は治療効果にとって重要である。本発明は特に、ヒト遺伝子治療に関連して治療用標的遺伝子の調節された発現を達成するのに非常に適している。一例として、一対の融合タンパク質(一方はタンパク質FRAPの少なくとも1つのFKBP:ラパマイシン結合 (FKBP:rapamycin binding) ドメイン(FRB ドメイン) を含有し、他方は少なくとも1つのFKBPドメインを含有する) 、この融合タンパク質を二量体化しうる本発明のラパログ、および標的遺伝子構築物を用いる。融合タンパク質の1つは、DNA-結合ドメイン、好ましくは異種エフェクタードメインとして上記Pomerantz 等に記載の複合DNA-結合ドメインを含む。第二の融合タンパク質は、異種エフェクタードメインとして転写活性化ドメインを含む。本ラパログは両方の融合タンパク質に結合して効果的にそれらを架橋することができる。これらのキメラタンパク質をコードし、かつ発現を指示しうるDNA 分子を、遺伝子工学操作すべき細胞中に導入する。また、細胞中には、DNA-結合ドメインが結合しうるDNA 配列に連結した標的遺伝子も導入する。この遺伝子工学操作された細胞、またはその子孫をラパログに接触させる (動物または患者に投与することにより) と、転写因子複合体の集合、従って、標的遺伝子の発現が生じる。類似の成分の設計および使用が、PCT/US93/01617およびWO 96/41865 (Clackson et al)に開示されている。実際には、標的遺伝子発現のレベルはキメラ転写因子複合体の数または濃度との相関関係があるはずであり、これは次にラパログ濃度との相関関係があるはずである。 (ラパログの) 用量−応答性遺伝子発現が典型的に観察される。
2.組み換えタンパク質及びウイルスの製造
商業的及び研究目的のための治療用組み換えタンパク質の製造は、高レベルでタンパク質を発現するように遺伝子工学処理した哺乳動物細胞系を用いて行われることが多い。タンパク質の本来の機能が、異種細胞により一般には行われない翻訳後修飾を必要とする場合には、細菌や酵母よりも、哺乳動物細胞の使用が指示される。
3.生物学的研究
本発明は、標的遺伝子の発現を正確に制御することが望まれる広範囲の生物学的実験に適用できる。これらには、とりわけ(1) 生化学的精製にとって興味あるタンパク質又は RNAの発現;(2) 生物学的機能を評価する目的のための、組織培養細胞(又はin vivo 、操作細胞を介して)における興味あるタンパク質又は RNAの調節された発現;(3) 生物学的機能を評価する目的のためのトランスジェニック動物における興味あるタンパク質又は RNAの調節された発現;(4) 遺伝子の生物学的機能を評価する目的のための、別の調節性タンパク質、リボザイム、又は内在性遺伝子に作用するアンチセンス分子をコードする遺伝子の発現の調節が挙げられる。本発明の成分が応用できるトランスジェニック動物モデル及びその他の用途には、PCT/US95/10591に開示されたものがある。
4.その他のいくつかの薬剤用途
本発明の化合物は、種々のがん細胞系に対する活性を試験され、がん細胞増殖を阻害することが見出され、従って、抗腫瘍薬として有用である。特に、本発明の化合物は、単独で、又は各種がん(例えば、白血病、並びに肉腫及びがん腫を含む固形腫瘍、例えばアストロサイトーマ、前立腺がん、乳がん、小細胞肺がん、卵巣がん)を治療又は抑制するためのその他の薬剤及び/もしくは放射線治療と組み合わせて使用できる。本発明化合物の用途は、例えば、Sorbera et al,「CCI-779 」Drugs of the Future 2002、27(1): 7−13; WO 02/4000及びWO 02/13802 に開示されているラパマイシン又はCCI 779 の用途に類似している。本発明の化合物と組み合わせて(本発明化合物の投与前、投与中又は投与後)、がん患者を治療するのに使用できるその他の薬剤の例には、特に、ジロプリム (Zyloprim) 、アレムツズマブ、アルトレタミン、アミホスチン、ナストロゾール、前立腺特異的膜抗原に対する抗体 (MLN-591 、MLN-591RL 、MLN2704 など) 、三酸化ヒ素、アバスチン(Avastin) TM (もしくはその他の抗VEGF抗体) 、ベキサロテン、ブレオマイシン、ブスルファン、カペシタビン、カルボプラチン、グリアデルウエファー (Gliadel Wafer)、セレコキシブ、クロラムブシル、シスプラチン、シスプラチン−エピネフリンゲル、クラドリビン、シタラビンリポソーマル、ダウノルビシンリポソーマル、ダウノルビシン、ダウノマイシン、デキスラゾキサン、ドセタクセル、ドキソルビシン、エリオットB溶液、エピルビシン、エストラムスチン、リン酸エトポシド、エトポシド、VP16、エクセメスタン、フルダラビン、5-FU、フルベストラント、ジェムシタビン、ジェムツズマブ−オゾガミシン、酢酸ゴセレリン、ヒドロキシ尿素、イダルビシン、イダマイシン、イホスファミド、イマチニブメシレート、イリノテカン (もしくは、MLN576 (XR11576)などの抗体を含む、その他のトポイソメラーゼ阻害剤) 、レトロゾール、ロイコボリン、レバミソール、リポソマールダウノルビシン、メルファラン、L-PAM 、メスナ、メトトレキサート、メトキサレン、マイトマイシンC、ミトキサントロン、MLN518もしくはMLN608 (またはflt-3 受容体チロシンキナーゼのその他の阻害剤、PDFG-Rもしくはc-kit)、イトキサントロン、パクリタキセル、ペガデメイス (Pegademase) 、ペントスタチン、ポルフィマーナトリウム、リツキシマブ (RITUXANTM) 、タルク、タモキシフェン、テモゾラミド、テニポシド、VM-26 、トポテカン、トレミフェン、トラスツズマブ (HerceptinTM、もしくはその他の抗Her2抗体) 、2C4(もしくはHER2媒介シグナリングを妨げるその他の抗体) 、トレチノイン、ATRA、バルルビシン、ビノレルビン、またはパミドロナート、ゾレドロナートもしくは別のビスホスホネートがある。
5.再狭窄の予防のための使用;ステント又はその他の器具を用いた使用
本発明のラパログは、それ自身で、又はミコフェノール酸と併用して、例えば、米国特許第5,665,728 に開示された方法及び材料を適用することにより、哺乳類における脈管内膜平滑筋細胞増殖、再狭窄及び血管閉塞(特に、生物学的もしくは機械的に媒介された血管損傷後の、又は哺乳類をかかる血管損傷を受けやすくする条件下で)の治療又はそれらのリスクもしくは重篤度を低下させるのに使用できる。生物学的に媒介された血管損傷には、内毒素及びサイトメがウイルスなどのヘルペスウイルスを含む感染性の障害に起因する損傷;アテローム性動脈硬化などの代謝性障害;及び、特に、低体温及び放射線照射による血管の損傷が挙げられる。機械的に媒介された血管損傷としては、特に、カテーテル挿入操作や経皮的経腔的冠状脈管形成などの血管の擦過操作;血管手術;移植手術;レーザー治療、及び血管内膜もしくは内皮の完全さを破壊するその他の侵襲性操作が挙げられる。このように、本発明のラパログは、単独で又はミコフェノール酸と併用して、経皮経腔的冠状脈管形成、血管カテーテル挿入、血管擦過、血管手術またはレーザー治療操作などの、血管内皮の内層を破壊する侵襲性操作後の再狭窄を防止するのに使用できる。
遅延放出〔SR〕処方を作製するために、薬剤を含有しないポリマーの別の層を薬剤−ポリマーマトリックスの上に塗布して拡散バリアを導入し、薬剤放出を>28日に延長する。ラパログの約80%が約30日以内にSR処方から放出されるはずである。
シロリムスでの経験に基づき、全血中の薬剤レベルは埋め込み後1時間でピークとなるはずであり (約2〜3ng/ml,FR; 約1ng/ml,SR) 、約72時間までに定量の下限以下となる。腎臓移植の患者が8〜17ng/ml のラパマイシンの長期血中レベルを維持していることを考慮すると、この種類のラパログ溶出ステントを埋め込んだ後のピーク血中レベルは無視しうるはずである。
処方、薬剤組成物、用量および投与
本発明のラパログ類は、遊離形態で、または適当であれば、塩の形態で存在しうる。多数の種類の化合物の薬学的に許容される塩およびその調製は当業者には周知である。薬学的に許容される塩には、例えば、無機または有機の酸または塩基とこの種の化合物により形成される第四級アンモニウム塩などの慣用の無毒な塩が含まれる。
固体の担体の例としては、乳糖、白土、ショ糖、タルク、ゼラチン、寒天、ペクチン、アカシア、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸等が挙げられる。固体担体は、香料、滑剤、可溶化剤、懸濁剤、充填剤、グリダント(glidant) 、圧縮助剤、結合剤、または錠剤崩壊剤としても作用しうる1種または2種以上の物質を含有することができ、またカプセル化材料であってもよい。散剤の場合、担体は微細な固体であり、これを微細な有効成分と混合する。錠剤では、有効成分を必要な圧縮特性を持つ担体と適当な割合で混合し、所望の形状および寸法に圧縮する。散剤および錠剤の有効成分の含有量は好ましくは99%までである。適当な固体担体としては、例えば、リン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、タルク、糖類、乳糖、デキストリン、デンプン、ゼラチン、セルロース、メチルセルロース、ナトリウムカルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドン、低融点ワックスおよびイオン交換樹脂が挙げられる。
有効量の化合物の個体への投与は、化合物を個体の皮膚の患部に直接投与することにより局所的に行うこともできる。このためには、ゲル、軟膏、ローション、またはクリームといった薬学的に許容される局所用担体を含む組成物中で化合物が投与または塗布される。担体としては、水、グリセロール、アルコール、プロピレングリコール、脂肪アルコール、トリグリセライド、脂肪酸エステル、または鉱油といった担体 (これらに制限されないが) が挙げられる。
ベンゼン(30 mL) 中のメチルホスホン酸ジエチル(15.2 g, 0.1 mol) の冷却 (0℃) 溶液に、PCl5 (20.8 g, 0.1 mol)を一度に加えた。反応混合物を0℃で2時間攪拌した後、溶媒と副生したPOCl3 を高真空下で除去した。生成物を蒸留して無色油状物12.7 gを得た:沸点52〜54℃/1 mmHg; 31P-NMR (121 MHz, CDCl3) d 40.7 。
ジクロロメタン1.5 mL中のラパマイシン(0.1 g, 0.109 mmol) の冷却 (0℃) 溶液に、N2雰囲気下でジクロロメタン0.25 mL 中の3,5-ルチジン(0.088 g, 0.82 mmol)の溶液と、その後直ちにジクロロメタン0.25 mL 中のエチル・メチルホスホノクロリデート(0.078 g, 0.547 mmol) の溶液とを添加した。この無色の反応溶液を0℃で3時間攪拌した (反応を質量分析(MS)で監視した;分析前に反応サンプルを50:50 CH3CN/H2O, DMSO 1滴で直接希釈) 。冷たい (0℃) 反応溶液を約20 mL のEtOAc で希釈した後、EtOAc (150 mL)と飽和NaHCO3 (100 mL) とを入れた分液漏斗に移した。水層を除去した後、有機層を氷冷1N HCl (1×100 mL) 、飽和NaHCO3 (1×100 mL) 、および食塩水 (1×100 mL) で順に洗浄し、次にMgSO4 で乾燥し、濃縮した。得られた粗生成物をシリカゲルフラッシュクロマトグラフィー (0.5:10:3:3のMeOH/DCM/EtOAc/ヘキサンで溶離)により精製すると、白色固体 (約2:1 のジアステレオマー混合物) 0.024 g が得られた:1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) d 4.19 (m, 1Ha, 1Hb), 4.15-4.01 (m, 3Ha, 3Hb), 1.56-1.27 (m, 6Ha, 6Hb); 31P-NMR (121 MHz, CDCl3) d 32.1, 29.9; 1043 m/z (M+Na)。
ラパマイシンとジクロロメタンを窒素パージした反応フラスコに入れる。得られた溶液を攪拌して約0℃に冷却する (反応中ずっと−5±5℃の外部温度を保持する) 。次いでジクロロメタン中のエチル・メチルホスホノクロリデートの溶液を約8〜13分間かけて添加する。その後直ちに、ジクロロメタン中の3,5-ルチジンの溶液を約15〜20分間かけて添加する。両方の添加中、反応の内部温度を0℃以下に保持する。冷却した反応溶液を3時間攪拌し、その間、反応の進行をTLC (1:10:3:3 のMeOH/DCM/EtOAc/ヘキサン) および逆相HPLC分析により監視する。その後、反応混合物を酢酸エチルで希釈し、上記のように処理する。
DCM 5.0 mL中のラパマイシン(0.109 g, 0.12 mmol)と4-ジメチルアミノピリジン(0.072 g, 0.59 mmol)の溶液 (0℃) を攪拌し、これにオキシ塩化リン(0.050 mL, 0.54 mmol) を滴下した。15分後、混合物を追加のDCM 5.0 mLで希釈し、−78℃に冷却した。次いで、反応混合物中にアンモニアを2分間バブリングさせて、多数の白色沈殿を析出させた。その後、反応混合物をEtOAc 75 mL と5% HCl水溶液25 mL との2相混合物の間で分配した。有機部分を水25 mL と食塩水25 mL とで順に洗浄し、MgSO4 で乾燥し、濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルフラッシュクロマトグラフィー (9:1 のジクロロメタン/メタノールで溶離)により精製して目的生成物0.029 g を得た:31P-NMR (121 MHz, CDCl3) d 16.4; 1014 m/z (M+Na)。
ジクロロメタン1.8 mL中のラパマイシン(0.1 g, 0.109 mmol) の冷却 (0℃) 溶液に、N2気流下で2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルピリジン0.168 g (0.82 mmol) を加え、その後直ちに、ジクロロメタン0.2 mL中のジメチルホスフィン酸クロリド(0.062 g, 0.547 mmol) の溶液を加えた。生成したやや黄色い反応溶液をN2雰囲気下、0℃で3.5 時間攪拌した (反応をTLC で監視) 。冷たい (0℃) 反応溶液を約20 mL のEtOAc で希釈した後、EtOAc (150 mL)と飽和NaHCO3 (100 mL) とを入れた分液漏斗に移した。水層を除去した後、有機層を氷冷1N HCl (1×100 mL) 、飽和NaHCO3 (1×100 mL) および食塩水 (1×100 mL) で順に洗浄し、次にMgSO4 で乾燥し、濃縮した。得られた粗生成物をシリカゲルフラッシュクロマトグラフィー (1:10:3:3のMeOH/DCM/EtOAc/ヘキサンで溶離)により精製すると、白色固体 0.092 gが得られた:1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) d 4.18 (m, 1H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 3.05 (m, 1H), 1.51 (m, 6H); 31P-NMR (121 MHz, CDCl3) d 53.6; 1013 m/z (M+Na)。
ラパマイシンとジクロロメタンを窒素パージした反応フラスコに入れる。得られた溶液を攪拌して約0℃に冷却する (反応中ずっと−5±5℃の外部温度を保持する) 。次いでジクロロメタン中のジメチルホスフィン酸クロリド(2.0モル当量) の溶液を約8〜13分間かけて添加する。その後直ちに、ジクロロメタン中の3,5-ルチジン(2.2モル当量) の溶液を約15〜20分間かけて添加する。両方の添加中、反応の内部温度を0℃以下に保持する。冷却した反応溶液を1時間攪拌した後、冷たいまま、飽和NaHCO3水溶液とメチルt-ブチルエーテル(MTBE)、酢酸エチルまたはジエチルエーテルとを入れた抽出器に移す。進行中、30分および60分の時点でサンプルを取り出す。サンプルは反応の処理について説明したのと同様にして調製する。反応の進行は、TLC (1:10:3:3 のMeOH/DCM/EtOAc/ヘキサン) および逆相HPLC分析により監視する。単離した有機層を、氷冷1N HCl、飽和NaHCO3水溶液 (2回) および飽和NaCl水溶液で順に洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥する。濾過および溶媒の除去後に、残渣をアセトンで溶媒交換し、その後に減圧濃縮すると粗生成物が得られる。これを順相および逆相HPLCで純度について分析してもよい。
実施例11:ジフェニルホスフィン酸C-43ラパマイシンエステル
実施例12:ジエチルホスフィン酸C-43ラパマイシンエステル
実施例13:リン含有エピC-43ラパマイシンエステル誘導体の調製
リン含有C-43ラパマイシンエーテル結合誘導体の調製 (結合条件およびR基の意味については、実施例1、2、5、11、17〜20を参照)
以上に例示として示した実施例の化合物は、シリカゲルフラッシュクロマトグラフィーを用いて精製することにより、残留反応成分 (残留ラパマイシンもしくはラパログ出発物質を含む) ならびに望ましくない副生物といった存在可能な不純物を除去してもよい。適当なフラッシュクロマトグラフィー系としては、BIOTAGE 社 (米国バージニア州55906-8006、シャーロッツビル) 製のような市販のプリパック型カートリッジ式のものが挙げられる。粒度約30〜70μm 、細孔寸法60Åのシリカが充填されたカートリッジを入手してもよい。このようなフラッシュクロマトグラフィー系を用いて本発明の化合物を精製するための典型的なプロトコルを次に説明する。
3.0 mm×14 mm の寸法のステンレス鋼製のDuraflexTMステントに、100 %エタノール、アセトンまたは酢酸エチル溶媒中の実施例1〜12のいずれかの化合物の25 mg/mlの溶液を噴霧する。ステントを乾燥させて溶媒を蒸発させると、ステントの表面に化合物が残る。75:25 のPLLA/PCLコポリマー(Polysciences より市販) を1,4-ジオキサン(Aldrich Chemicalsより市販) 中に準備する。化合物を含有させたステントを200 rpm で回転するマンドレルに装架し、スプレーガン(Binks Manufacturingより市販) を用いて、コポリマー溶液を微細スプレー状で、回転している化合物含有ステントに10〜30秒間噴霧する。ステントを次いで25〜35℃のオーブンに24時間まで入れて溶媒の蒸発を完了させる。
ステンレス鋼からステンレス鋼Duraflexステント(3.0×13 mm)をレーザー切断ないし加工する。ステントの表面粗さの増大により薬剤を含有させる表面積を増大させる。表面積とステントの容積は、ステントのストラット(strut) の連結部に沿って幅10 nm 、深さ5 nmのミゾを形成することによってもさらに増大させることができる。ミゾは、膨張中に受ける応力が低い部分に造られるので、ステントの半径方向の強度が犠牲になることはない。その後、実施例1〜12のいずれかの化合物を、ジクロロメタン、イソプロピルアルコール、アセトン、酢酸エチル、エタノールまたはメタノールといった表面張力が低い溶媒にとかした溶液として、ステントに浸漬または噴霧することによりステント上とミゾ内に含有させることができる。次に、ステントを乾燥すると、化合物がステントの表面とミゾ内 (薬剤貯槽として機能する) に残る。その後、ステント上にパリレンを付着させて、速度制限バリアーとして機能させる。化合物は1日ないし45日の範囲内の期間にわたってステントから溶出する。
実施例1〜12のいずれかの化合物を酢酸エチルに溶解した後、ステントに噴霧し、乾燥させて溶媒を蒸発させ、化合物をステント表面に残留させる。マトリックスまたはバリアー (シリコーン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、PARYLASTTM、パリレン) をステント上に噴霧または付着させて、化合物を被覆する。化合物の量は100 μg から2mgまでの範囲に及び、放出速度 (期間) は1日から45日間に及ぶ。
実施例25に記載したようにしてステント上に被覆された化合物を含むマトリックスを準備し、速度制限バリアーの上層被覆 (および/または速度制限バリアーとして作用するように薬剤を含有しないマトリックス) で被覆または噴霧する。或いは、化合物を速度制限バリアーを介してステント上に被覆し、その後に上層被覆 (別のバリアーまたはマトリックス) を被覆してもよい。上層被覆を使用すると放出速度のさらなる制御が可能となり、生体適合性が向上し、および/またはステントの納入または膨張後の引っ掻き疵およびクラック発生に対する耐性が向上する。
Claims (32)
- 下記式で示される化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩:
式中、
Aは、−O−、−S−もしくは−NR2−であるか、または存在せず;
Qは、存在しないか、あるいは、Aが−O−、−S−または−NR2−である場合、Qは−V−、−OV−、−SV−または−NR2V−であってもよく、ここでVは非置換脂肪族部分、ヘテロ脂肪族部分、アリール部分、または窒素、酸素およびイオウから選ばれた1〜4個のヘテロ原子を有する5〜14員環ヘテロアリール部分であり、従って、Jは該シクロヘキシル環に直接か、Aを介してか、またはVA、OVA、SVAもしくはNR2VAを介して結合しており;
Kは、OまたはSであり;
各所のYは、それぞれ独立して、−O−、−S−、−NR2−、または結合であり;
各所のR2 およびR5 は、それぞれ独立して、H、または脂肪族部分、ヘテロ脂肪族部分、アリールもしくは窒素、酸素およびイオウから選ばれた1〜4個のヘテロ原子を有する5〜14員環ヘテロアリール部分であり;そして、
各所のR6 は、それぞれ独立して、−PK(YR5)(YR5)、−SO2(YR5)または−C(O)(YR5)であり;ただし、Pに直接結合するR2 またはR 5 部分はいずれもHではなく;
ここで2つのR2 、R5 及び/又はR6 部分は互いに化学結合して環を形成していてもよく;
各所のGは、それぞれ独立して、−O−、−S−、−NR2−または(M) X であり;
各所のMは、それぞれ独立して、置換または非置換メチレン部分であり、そしてどのM−M部分も飽和または不飽和でよく;
各所のxは、それぞれ独立して、1〜6の整数であり;
ここで、各脂肪族部分は1〜8個の連続した脂肪族炭素原子を含有し、各ヘテロ脂肪族部分は1または2以上の炭素原子の代わりにO,S,N,PまたはSi原子を含有する脂肪族部分であり、
ここで、上記脂肪族およびヘテロ脂肪族部分は、それぞれ独立して、直鎖もしくは分岐、または環式もしくは非環式であり、そして非置換であるか、またはハロゲン、−YR 2 ,−Y−C(=O)R 2 ,−NR 2 C(=O)R 5 ,−NR 2 C(=O)NR 5 ,−NR 2 C(=O)OR 5 ,−NR 2 C(=NH)NR 5 ,−Y−C(=O)OR 2 ,−Y−C(=O)NR 2 R 5 ,−Y−C(=NR 2 )NR 2 R 5 ,−COCOR 2 ,−COMCOR 2 ,−J,−CN,−S(=O)R 2 ,−SO 2 R 2 ,−SO 2 NNR 2 R 5 ,−NO 2 ,−NR 5 SO 2 R 2 ,−NR 5 SO 2 NR 2 R 5 ,=O,=S,=NR 2 ,=NNR 2 R 5 ,=NNHC(O)R 2 ,=NNHCO 2 R 2 ,および=NNHSO 2 R 2 から選ばれた1もしくは2以上の基で置換され、そして、
アリール、ヘテロアリール、アシル、アロイルもしくはヘテロアロイル部分は、それぞれ独立して、非置換であるか、またはハロゲン、−YR 2 ,−Y−C(=O)R 2 ,−NR 2 C(=O)R 5 ,−NR 2 C(=O)NR 5 ,−NR 2 C(=O)OR 5 ,−NR 2 C(=NH)NR 5 ,−Y−C(=O)OR 2 ,−Y−C(=O)NR 2 R 5 ,−Y−C(=NR 2 )NR 2 R 5 ,−COCOR 2 ,−COMCOR 2 ,−J,−CN,−S(=O)R 2 ,−SO 2 R 2 ,−SO 2 NNR 2 R 5 ,−NO 2 ,−NR 5 SO 2 R 2 ,および−NR 5 SO 2 NR 2 R 5 から選ばれた1もしくは2以上の基で置換され、
但し、J−Q−A−は下記のいずれかの基ではない:
(HO)2(P=O)O−、(MeO)2(P=O)O−、または(HO)2(P=O)−W−O−もしくはこのような(HO)2(P=O)−W−O−を含有する化合物のデスメチルもしくは還元形態、ここでWは、
を単独でまたは6員芳香環に縮合して含む置換または非置換ヘテロ環を含有し、ここでUは、置換もしくは非置換アミノ、O、S、SOまたはSO2 である;または上記いずれかの塩。 - Qが存在しない、請求項1に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩。
- 各所のR2 およびR5 が、それぞれ独立して選択された、任意に1または2以上のハロゲン、−OH、アルコキシル、アルキルオキシアルキルオキシ、ハロアルキル、ヒドロキシアルコキシル、ヘテロ環式、アリール、またはヘテロアリール置換基を有していてもよい、C1〜C6アルキル基であり、それに加えて、−OR5 および−NR2R5は−OHおよび−NHR5 であってもよい、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 各所のR2 およびR5 が、それぞれ独立して、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、i−プロピル、n−ブチル、2−ブチル、t−ブチル、フェニル、またはヘテロアリールから選択され、これらの基はそれぞれ、場合により1または2以上のハロゲン、−OH、アルコキシル、アルコキシルアルコキシル、ハロアルキル、ヒドロキシアルコキシル、ヘテロ環式、アリールまたはヘテロアリール置換基を有していてもよく、それに加えて−OR5 および−NR2R5は−OHおよび−NHR5 であってもよい、請求項4記載の化合物。
- QAが−O−、−OVO−、−NH−、−OVNH−、−S−、または−SVS−であり、ここでVはC1〜C6脂肪族部分である、請求項1記載の化合物。
- JQA−部分を含有し、ここでQAが、−O−、−OVO−、−NH−、−OVNH−、−S−、または−SVS−であり、ここでVはC1〜C6脂肪族部分である、請求項6記載の化合物。
- JQA−またはJA−が、(R2Y)(Me)(P=O)O−を含み、ここでR2Y−は15以下の炭素原子を含有する、請求項1〜8のいずれかの項記載の化合物。
- JQA−が、(R2Y)(Me)(P=O)O−を含み、ここでR2Y−は10以下の炭素原子を含有する、請求項9記載の化合物。
- 43位のヒドロキシル基がJQA−基で置換されているラパマイシンまたは43−エピ−ラパマイシンであり、ここで、
Aは、−O−、−S−もしくは−NR2−であるか、または存在せず;
Qは、存在しないか、あるいはAが−O−、−S−または−NR2−である場合、Qは−V−、−OV−、−SV−または−NR2V−であってもよく、ここでVは脂肪族部分、ヘテロ脂肪族部分、アリールもしくは窒素、酸素およびイオウから選ばれた1〜4個のヘテロ原子を有する5〜14員環ヘテロアリール部分であり、ここで、Jは該シクロヘキシル環に直接か、Aを介してか、またはVA、OVA、SVAもしくはNR2VAを介して結合しており;
Kは、OまたはSであり;
各所のYは、それぞれ独立して、−O−、−S−、−NR2−、または結合であり;
各所のR2 およびR5 は、それぞれ独立して、H、または脂肪族部分、ヘテロ脂肪族部分、アリールもしくは窒素、酸素およびイオウから選ばれた1〜4個のヘテロ原子を有する5〜14員環ヘテロアリール部分であり;そして、
各所のR6 は、それぞれ独立して、−PK(YR5)(YR5)、−SO2(YR5)または−C(O)(YR5)であり;ただし、Pに直接結合するR2 またはR 5 部分はいずれもHではなく;
ここで2つのR2 、R5 及び/又はR6 部分は互いに化学結合して環を形成していてもよく;
各所のGは、それぞれ独立して、−O−、−S−、−NR2−または(M) X であり;
各所のMは、それぞれ独立して、置換または非置換メチレン部分であり、そしてどのM−M部分も飽和または不飽和でよく;
各所のxは、それぞれ独立して、1〜6の整数であり;
ここで、各脂肪族部分は1〜8個の連続した脂肪族炭素原子を含有し、各ヘテロ脂肪族部分は1または2以上の炭素原子の代わりにO,S,N,PまたはSi原子を含有する脂肪族部分であり、
ここで、上記脂肪族およびヘテロ脂肪族部分は、それぞれ独立して、直鎖もしくは分岐、または環式もしくは非環式であり、そして非置換であるか、またはハロゲン、−YR 2 ,−Y−C(=O)R 2 ,−NR 2 C(=O)R 5 ,−NR 2 C(=O)NR 5 ,−NR 2 C(=O)OR 5 ,−NR 2 C(=NH)NR 5 ,−Y−C(=O)OR 2 ,−Y−C(=O)NR 2 R 5 ,−Y−C(=NR 2 )NR 2 R 5 ,−COCOR 2 ,−COMCOR 2 ,−J,−CN,−S(=O)R 2 ,−SO 2 R 2 ,−SO 2 NNR 2 R 5 ,−NO 2 ,−NR 5 SO 2 R 2 ,−NR 5 SO 2 NR 2 R 5 ,=O,=S,=NR 2 ,=NNR 2 R 5 ,=NNHC(O)R 2 ,=NNHCO 2 R 2 ,および=NNHSO 2 R 2 から選ばれた1もしくは2以上の基で置換され、そして、
アリール、ヘテロアリール、アシル、アロイルもしくはヘテロアロイル部分は、それぞれ独立して、非置換であるか、またはハロゲン、−YR 2 ,−Y−C(=O)R 2 ,−NR 2 C(=O)R 5 ,−NR 2 C(=O)NR 5 ,−NR 2 C(=O)OR 5 ,−NR 2 C(=NH)NR 5 ,−Y−C(=O)OR 2 ,−Y−C(=O)NR 2 R 5 ,−Y−C(=NR 2 )NR 2 R 5 ,−COCOR 2 ,−COMCOR 2 ,−J,−CN,−S(=O)R 2 ,−SO 2 R 2 ,−SO 2 NNR 2 R 5 ,−NO 2 ,−NR 5 SO 2 R 2 ,および−NR 5 SO 2 NR 2 R 5 から選ばれた1もしくは2以上の基で置換され、
但し、以下の1または2以上の追加の特徴を有する、前記化合物:
(a) 28位でのエピマー化、または28位のヒドロキシル基(いずれの立体化学配置でも) のハロゲン、−OR2 もしくは−OC(=O)AR2 による置換;
(b) 24位のケトンの、置換もしくは非置換オキシムによる、またはヒドロキシル基もしくは式−OR2 もしくは−OC(=O)AR2 で示されるその誘導体による置換;
(c) 7位の−OMeのエピマー化、及び/又はこの−OMeのH、ハロゲン、−RA 、−ORA 、−SRA 、−OC(O)RA 、−OC(O)NRARB 、−NRARB 、−NRBC(O)RA 、−NRBC(O)ORA 、−NRBSO2RA もしくは−NRBSO2NRARB (ここでRA はR2 であり、RB はOHまたはR2 である) から選択された部分による置換;および
(d) 次式のテトラエン部分を生じる、7位の−OMeの除去:
- 各所のR2 およびR5 が、それぞれ独立して選択された、任意に1または2以上のハロゲン、−OH、アルコキシル、アルキルオキシアルキルオキシ、ハロアルキル、ヒドロキシアルコキシル、ヘテロ環式、アリール、またはヘテロアリール置換基を有していてもよい、C1〜C6アルキル基であり、それに加えて、−OR5 および−NR2R5は−OHおよび−NHR5 であってもよい、請求項11記載の化合物。
- 各所のR2 およびR5 が、それぞれ独立して、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、i−プロピル、n−ブチル、2−ブチル、t−ブチル、フェニル、またはヘテロアリールから選択され、これらの基はそれぞれ、場合により1または2以上のハロゲン、−OH、アルコキシル、アルコキシルアルコキシル、ハロアルキル、ヒドロキシアルコキシル、ヘテロ環式、アリールまたはヘテロアリール置換基を有していてもよく、それに加えて−OR5 および−NR2R5は−OHおよび−NHR5 であってもよい、請求項12記載の化合物。
- QAが、−OVO−、−OVNH−または−SVS−であり、ここでVはC1〜C6脂肪族部分である、請求項11記載の化合物。
- 次式で示される化合物:
式中、Jは、−P(O)Me 2 ,−P(O)Et 2 ,−P(O)Ph 2 ,−P(O)(OMe)(Me),−P(O)(OEt)(Me),−P(O)(O−nPr)(Me),−P(O)(O−iPr)(Me),−P(O)(O−nBu)(Me),−P(O)(Me)(OCH 2 CH 2 OMe),−P(O)(Me)(OCH 2 CH 2 OEt),−P(O)(Me)(OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OH),−P(O)(OMe)(Et),−P(O)(CH 2 CH 2 OH) 2 ,−P(O)(OEt) 2 ,−P(O)(NH 2 ) 2 ,および−P(O)(OH)−CH 2 −PO(OH) 2 から選ばれる。 - Jが−P(O)Me 2 である、請求項16記載の化合物。
- Jが−P(O)Et 2 である、請求項16記載の化合物。
- Jが−P(O)Ph 2 である、請求項16記載の化合物。
- (a) 請求項1〜19のいずれかの項記載の化合物、および(b) 薬学的に許容される担体、場合によりさらに(c) 1または2以上の薬学的に許容される賦形剤を含む組成物。
- (a) 請求項1〜19のいずれかの項記載の化合物、および(b) 薬学的に許容される担体、場合によりさらに(c) 1または2以上の薬学的に許容される賦形剤を含む、哺乳類への経口投与に適した組成物。
- (a) 請求項1〜19のいずれかの項記載の化合物、および(b) 薬学的に許容される担体、場合によりさらに(c) 1または2以上の薬学的に許容される賦形剤を含む、哺乳類への非経口投与に適した組成物。
- 免疫抑制量の組成物を個体に投与することにより、該個体の免疫反応を抑制するための請求項20記載の組成物。
- 有効量の組成物をレシピエントに投与することにより、該レシピエントにおける移植組織の拒絶を抑制するための請求項20記載の組成物。
- 治療有効量の組成物をその必要がある個体に投与することにより、該個体において、移植片対宿主疾患、狼瘡、リューマチ様関節炎、糖尿病、重症筋無力症、多発性硬化症、乾癬、皮膚炎、湿疹、脂漏、炎症性腸疾患、肺の炎症、眼のブドウ膜炎、成人T細胞白血病/リンパ腫、真菌感染症、高増殖性再狭窄、移植血管性アテローム性動脈硬化症、脳の血管性疾患、冠動脈性疾患、脳血管性疾患、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、非アテローム性動脈硬化症、または免疫により媒介される血管損傷、発作もしくは多発梗塞性痴呆症に至る細胞性事象による血管壁損傷を治療するための請求項20記載の組成物。
- その必要がある個体において、冠動脈性疾患、脳血管性疾患、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、非アテローム性動脈硬化症、免疫により媒介される血管損傷に至る細胞性事象による血管壁損傷、発作または多発梗塞性痴呆症を治療するための組成物であり、該個体に、ACE 阻害剤(キナプリル、ペリンドプリル、ラミプリル、カプトプリル、トランドラプリル、フォシノプリル、リシノプリル、モエキシプリルおよびエナラプリルなど) 、アンギオテンシンII受容体拮抗薬(カンデサルタン、イルベサルタン、ロサルタン、バルサルタンおよびテルミサルタン等) 、フィブリン酸(fibric acid)誘導体(クロフィブラート、ジェムフィブロジルなど) 、HMG Co-Aレダクターゼ阻害剤(セリバスタチン、フルバスタチン、アトルバスタチン、ロバスタチン、プラバスタチンもしくはシムバスタチンなど) 、β−アドレナリン遮断薬(ソタロール、チモロール、エスモロール、カルテオロール、プロプラノロール、ベタキソロール、ペンブトロール、ナドロール、アセブトロール、アテノロール、メトプロロールおよびビソプロロールなど) 、カルシウム拮抗薬(ニフェジピン、ベラパミル、ニカルジピン、ジルチアゼム、ニモジピン、アムロジピン、フェロジピン、ニソルジピンおよびベプリジルなど) 、抗酸化薬、抗凝固薬(ワルファリン、ダルテパリン、ヘパリン、エノキサパリンおよびダナパロイドなど) 、またはエストロゲン類を包含するホルモン置換療法に有用な薬剤(エストロゲン複合体、エチニルエストラジオール、17−β−エストラジオール、エストラジオールおよびエストロピパートなど) と併用して投与する、請求項20記載の組成物。
- 治療有効量の組成物をその必要のある個体に投与することにより、該個体においてがんを治療するための請求項20記載の組成物。
- 治療を1または2以上のその他のがん治療と併用して行う、請求項27記載の組成物。
- その他のがん治療が、該個体への1または2以上の抗がん性アルキル化剤またはインターカレート剤、抗エストロゲン剤、キナーゼ阻害剤(例、Src, BRC/Abl, kdr, aurora-2, グリコーゲンシンターゼキナーゼ3("GSK-3") 、ガン関連受容体もしくはホルモンに対する抗体(例、EGFR, PDGFR, IGF-RおよびIL-2) 、またはかかる受容体に対する可溶性受容体もしくはその他の受容体アンタゴニスト、プロテアソーム阻害剤またはその他のNF-kB 阻害剤の投与、あるいは放射線照射を含む、請求項28記載の組成物。
- その他の治療が、該個体へ、ジロプリム(Zyloprim)、アレムツズマブ、アルトレタミン、アミホスチン、ナストロゾール、前立腺特異的膜抗原に対する抗体(MLN-591, MLN-591RL, MLN2704など) 、三酸化ヒ素、アバスチン(Avastin)TM(もしくはその他の抗VEGF抗体) 、ベキサロテン、ブレオマイシン、ブスルファン、カペシタビン、カルボプラチン、グリアデルウエファー(GliadelWafer) 、セレコキシブ、クロラムブシル、シスプラチン、シスプラチン−エピネフリンゲル、クラドリビン、シタラビンリポソーマル、ダウノルビシンリポソーマル、ダウノルビシン、ダウノマイシン、デキスラゾキサン、ドセタキセル、ドキソルビシン、エリオットB溶液、エピルビシン、エストラムスチン、リン酸エトポシド、エトポシド、エキセメスタン、フルダラビン、5-FU、フルベストラント、ジェムシタビン、ジェムツズマブ−オゾガミシン、酢酸ゴセレリン、ヒドロキシ尿素、イダルビシン、イダマイシン、イホスファミド、イマチニブメシレート、イリノテカン(もしくは、MLN576(XR11576)などの抗体を含む、その他のトポイソメラーゼ阻害剤) 、レトロゾール、ロイコボリン、ロイコボリンレバミソール、リポソマールダウノルビシン、メルファラン、L-PAM 、メスナ、メトトレキサート、メトキサレン、マイトマイシンC、ミトキサントロン、MLN518もしくはMLN608(またはflt-3 受容体チロシンキナーゼのその他の阻害剤、PDFG-Rもしくはc-kit)、イトキサントロン、パクリタキセル、ペガデメイス(Pegademase)、ペントスタチン、ポルフィマーナトリウム、リツキシマブ(RITUXANTM) 、タルク、タモキシフェン、テモゾラミド、テニポシド、VM-26 、トポテカン、トレミフェン、トラスツズマブ(HerceptinTM、もしくはその他の抗Her2抗体) 、2C4(もしくはHER2媒介シグナリングを妨げるその他の抗体) 、トレチノイン、ATRA、バルルビシン、ビノレルビン、またはパミドロナート、ゾレドロナートもしくは別のビスホスホネートの1または2以上の投与を含む、請求項28記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜19のいずれかの項記載の化合物を、マトリックスに分散させるか、ステントの上または中のチャネル、貯槽またはその他の室に配置して含む血管ステントからなる薬剤溶出血管ステント。
- ステントが、Angiomed(Bard), Cardiocoil(In-Stent Medtronic), CORINTHIAN(BSC), Radius(Scimed), Wallstent(Schneider), Act-one(ACT), Angiostent(angioynamics), be-Stent(In-Stent Medtronic), BiodivYsio(Biocompatibles), Cordis, Cross-flex(Cordis), Crown(JJIS), Freedom(Global therapeutics), Gianturco-RoubinII(Cook), Jo-med, Jostent flex(Jomed), Microstent GFX(AVE), Multilink(Guidant-ACS), NIR(Medinol), NIR Royal(Medinol), NIRflex(Medinol), NIRSIDE flex(Medinol), Palmaz-Scatz(JJIS), STS(De Scheerder), Tensum(Biotronic), Wiktor-GX(Medtronic), Wiktol-1(Metronic), X-Trode(Bard), Y-Flex(Devon), Tsunami(Terumo), Bx Velocity(J&J), SLK-View(Advanced Stent Technologies, Inc.) またはDuraflex(Avantec)ステントである、請求項31記載の薬剤溶出血管ステント。
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