JP3959096B2 - 新規な軟質ポリウレタンフォーム - Google Patents
新規な軟質ポリウレタンフォーム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3959096B2 JP3959096B2 JP2005081032A JP2005081032A JP3959096B2 JP 3959096 B2 JP3959096 B2 JP 3959096B2 JP 2005081032 A JP2005081032 A JP 2005081032A JP 2005081032 A JP2005081032 A JP 2005081032A JP 3959096 B2 JP3959096 B2 JP 3959096B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- foam
- isocyanate
- polyol
- foams
- polyols
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 79
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 54
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- -1 Polymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000768 polyamine Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 7
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 3
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920013730 reactive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VPKDCDLSJZCGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbodiimide group Chemical group N=C=N VPKDCDLSJZCGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005903 polyol mixture Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006295 polythiol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolylenediamine group Chemical group CC1=C(C=C(C=C1)N)N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IUUONVQOMMQAEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1$l^{5}-phosphole 1-oxide Chemical compound CP1(=O)CCC=C1 IUUONVQOMMQAEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005102 attenuated total reflection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical group NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KMSRVXJGTIRNNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diaminomethylideneazanium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical class NC(N)=N.OC(O)=O KMSRVXJGTIRNNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical group OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013518 molded foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045641 monobasic sodium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940113115 polyethylene glycol 200 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical class CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical group NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
- C08J9/38—Destruction of cell membranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/02—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/09—Processes comprising oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates involving reaction of a part of the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups with each other in the reaction mixture
- C08G18/095—Processes comprising oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates involving reaction of a part of the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups with each other in the reaction mixture oligomerisation to carbodiimide or uretone-imine groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
- C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6674—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
- C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6681—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Description
軟質ポリウレタンフォームは広く知られている。このようなフォームは比較的高いレジリエンス(反撥弾性)と、比較的低い弾性率(モジュラス)と、比較的高いたるみ係数(sag factor)と、比較的低いヒステリシス損とを示す。
慣用的軟質フォームは、ポリイソシアネートと比較的高分子量のイソシアネート反応性ポリマー、しばしばポリエステル又はポリエーテルポリオールとを、発泡剤の存在下で、任意にさらに限定量の比較的低分子量の連鎖延長剤と架橋剤を用いて、さらに任意に例えば触媒、界面活性剤、難燃剤、安定剤及び酸化防止剤のような添加剤を用いて反応させることによって製造される。比較的高分子量のイソシアネート反応性ポリマーは一般にフォームの最高重量部分を表す。このような軟質フォームはワンショットプロセス、準−若しくは半−プレポリマープロセス又はプレポリマープロセスに従って製造することができる。このような軟質フォームは成形フォーム又はスラブ材(slabstock)フォームであることができ、家具と自動車座席及びマットレスにおけるクッション材料として、おむつにおける親水性フォームとして並びに包装用フォームとして用いることができる。さらに、これらは音響用途に、例えば遮音材料として用いることができる。これらの慣用的軟質フォームの先行技術の例はEP−10850、EP−22617、EP−111121、EP−296449、EP−309217、EP−309218、EP−392788及びEP−442631である。
(1)イソシアネート指数又はNCO指数又は指数:
([NCO]x100)/[活性水素](%)
として与えられる、処方中に存在するイソシアネート反応性水素原子に対するNCO基の比。
(4)本明細書で用いられる“ポリウレタンフォーム”なる表現は、ポリイソシアネートとイソシアネート反応性水素含有化合物とを発泡剤を用いて反応させることによって得られる気泡構造(cellular)生成物を意味し、特に、反応性発泡剤としての水(尿素結合と、二酸化炭素とを生じ、ポリ尿素−ウレタンフォームを製造する、水とイソシアネート基との反応を包含する)と、イソシアネート反応性化合物としてのポリオール、アミノアルコール及び/又はポリアミンとによって得られる気泡構造生成物を包含する。
本発明によるフォームは、ポリイソシアネート(1)と、374以下の平均当量(equivalent weight)と2〜8のイソシアネート反応性水素原子の平均数とを有するイソシアネート反応性化合物(2)と、374を越える平均当量と、2〜6のイソシアネート反応性水素原子の平均数とを有するイソシアネート反応性化合物(3)と、水とを反応させて、硬質ポリウレタンフォームを形成し、この硬質ポリウレタンフォームを圧潰することによって製造される。
さらに詳しくは、本発明によるフォームは、ポリイソシアネート(1)と、少なくとも150mgのKOH/gのヒドロキシル数と2〜8の平均公称ヒドロキシル官能価とを有するポリオール(2)と、10mgから150mg未満までのKOH/gのヒドロキシル数と2〜6の平均公称ヒドロキシル官能価とを有するポリオール(3)と、水とを反応させて、硬質ポリウレタンフォームを形成し、この硬質ポリウレタンフォームを圧潰することによって製造される。
イソシアネート反応性化合物(2)と(3)又はポリオール(2)と(3)の相対的量は広範囲に変化することができるが、好ましくは0.1:1から4:1(w:w)までの範囲である。
圧潰は任意の既知の方法で、任意の既知の手段によっておこなうことができる。圧潰は例えばフォームに平たい面若しくは予成形面を用いて機械的な力を加えることによって、又は種々な外部圧力を加えることによっておこなうことができる。
[(A−B)/A]x100%
によって算出される、式中、AとBはISO 3386/1によって測定した、負荷(A)及び非負荷(B)の応力/歪み曲線下の面積を表す)。さらになお、これらのフォームはフォーム圧縮下での側方延伸(lateral extension)試験によって測定して非常に低いポアソン比又は負のポアソン比で製造されることができる。最後に、これらのフォームの圧縮永久歪み値は一般に低く、好ましくは40%未満である(ISO 1856方法A,標準方法)。
実施例1
30.7重量%のNCO値と2.7のイソシアネート官能価とを有するポリマーMDI(56.6重量%)と、31重量%のNCO値と2.09のイソシアネート官能価と17重量%のウレトンイミン含量と20重量%の2,4’−MDI含量とを有するウレトンイミン修飾MDI(43.4重量%)とを混合することによって、ポリイソシアネート混合物を調製した。
フリーライズコア密度(ISO/DIS 845,kg/m3) 13
反撥弾性(ISO 8307,%)、圧潰方向において測定 59
破断点引張り強さ(ISO-1798,kPa) 71
破断点伸び(ISO-1798,%) 30
引裂き強さ(ISO/DIS 8067,N/m) 70
圧縮永久歪み(ISO 1856,方法A,%) 38
CLD−25%(ISO 3386/1,kPa) 3.2
(CLD=圧縮荷重撓み(compression load deflection))
CLD−40%(ISO 3386/1,kPa) 5.2
CLD−65%(ISO 3386/1,kPa) 18.3
CLDたるみ係数(ISO 3386/1) 5.7
CLDヒステリシス損(ISO 3386/1,%) 48
tanδmax(−100℃〜+25℃)(ISO/DIS 6721-5) 0.06
酸素指数(ASTM 2863,%) 20.5
ヤング貯蔵弾性率比E’(−100℃)/E’(+25℃)(ISO/DIS 6721-5) 2.0
ヤング貯蔵弾性率(25℃)(ISO/DIS 6721-5,kPa) 180
ベンゼン含量、重量%(計算) 43.5
圧縮フォーム性質はフォームの膨張/圧潰方向において測定した。
3点曲げモード(3-point bending mode)を用いてRheometric Scientific DMTA装置でISO/DIS 6721-5に従って、測定をおこなった。サンプル試験片サイズは長さ1.0cm、幅1.3cm、厚さ0.4cmであった。加えた歪み振幅64x10-4cm、周波数1Hz、加熱速度3℃/分。フォームサンプルを23℃/50%RHにおいて試験前24時間プレコンディショニングした。フォームサンプルを−120℃に急冷し(冷却速度8.5℃/分)、この温度に5分間維持した後に、サンプル加熱を開始した。
3種類のイソシアネート反応性ブレンド(ブレンドA、B、C)を調製した。
ブレンドAは200pbwの実施例1のEO/POポリオールと6.5pbwの“DABCO”T9(AIR PRODUCTS社からの触媒、DABCOは商標)とを混合することによって調製した。ブレンドBは75.5pbwの分子量200のポリエチレングリコールと5.56pbwの“IRGANOX”5057(Ciba-Geigy社からの酸化防止剤、IRGANOXは商標)とを混合することによって調製した。ブレンドCは23.5pbwのトリエチレングリコールと、40.0pbwの水と、0.6pbwの一塩基性リン酸ナトリウムとを混合することによって調製した。
圧潰後に、−100℃〜+25℃に主要なガラス−ゴム転移を有さず、下記性質を有する軟質フォームが得られた:
フリーライズコア密度(kg/m3) 15
反撥弾性(%) 62
破断点引張り強さ(kPa) 67
破断点伸び(%) 49
圧縮永久歪み(%) 31
CLD−40% 7.1
ヤング貯蔵弾性率比[E’(−100℃)/E’(+25℃)] 2.8
ヤング貯蔵弾性率(kPa) 158
ベンゼン含量、重量%(計算) 42.6
実施例3
2種類のイソシアネート反応性ブレンド(ブレンドA、B)を調製した。ブレンドAは30pbwの実施例1のEO/POポリオールと、0.3pbwの“DABCO”T9と、0.3pbwの1−メチル−1−オキソ−ホスホレン(Hoechstからのカルボジイミド触媒)とを混合することによって調製した。ブレンドBは11.3pbwの分子量200のポリエチレングリコールと、1.95pbwのジエタノールアミンと、1.58pbwのエチレングリコールと、4.5pbwの水とを混合することによって調製した。
フリーライズコア密度(kg/m3) 18
反撥弾性(%) 48
ヤング貯蔵弾性率比[E’(−100℃)/E’(+25℃)] 2.5
ヤング貯蔵弾性率(kPa) 126
ベンゼン含量、重量%(計算) 42.9
Claims (4)
- ポリイソシアネート(1)と、少なくとも150mg KOH/gのヒドロキシル数と2〜8の平均公称ヒドロキシル官能価とを有するポリオール(2)と、10から150未満までのヒドロキシル数と2〜6の平均公称ヒドロキシル官能価とを有するポリオール(3)と、水とを反応させることによる硬質ポリウレタンフォームの製造方法であって、
ポリオール(2)、ポリオール(3)及び水の量(ポリイソシアネート、ポリオール(2)、ポリオール(3)及び水の100重量部当たり)がそれぞれ2〜20重量部、5〜35重量部及び1〜17重量部の範囲であり、前記ポリオール(3)が20重量%以上のオキシエチレン含量を有するポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンポリオールである、上記方法。 - 化合物(2):化合物(3)の重量比が0.1〜4:1である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- フォームのフリーライズコア密度が3〜27kg/m3である、請求項1〜2のいずれかに記載の方法。
- フォームのフリーライズコア密度が3〜18kg/m3である、請求項1〜2のいずれかに記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95201246 | 1995-05-12 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53369396A Division JP3883572B2 (ja) | 1995-05-12 | 1996-04-16 | 新規な軟質ポリウレタンフォーム |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005232465A JP2005232465A (ja) | 2005-09-02 |
| JP3959096B2 true JP3959096B2 (ja) | 2007-08-15 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53369396A Expired - Lifetime JP3883572B2 (ja) | 1995-05-12 | 1996-04-16 | 新規な軟質ポリウレタンフォーム |
| JP2005081032A Expired - Lifetime JP3959096B2 (ja) | 1995-05-12 | 2005-03-22 | 新規な軟質ポリウレタンフォーム |
| JP2005312507A Expired - Lifetime JP4619923B2 (ja) | 1995-05-12 | 2005-10-27 | 新規な軟質ポリウレタンフォーム |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53369396A Expired - Lifetime JP3883572B2 (ja) | 1995-05-12 | 1996-04-16 | 新規な軟質ポリウレタンフォーム |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005312507A Expired - Lifetime JP4619923B2 (ja) | 1995-05-12 | 2005-10-27 | 新規な軟質ポリウレタンフォーム |
Country Status (28)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0830419B1 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JP3883572B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100419820B1 (ja) |
| CN (3) | CN1098298C (ja) |
| AR (2) | AR002292A1 (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE184297T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU716966B2 (ja) |
| BG (1) | BG102049A (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9608507A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2218288C (ja) |
| CZ (1) | CZ290765B6 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69604177T2 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK0830419T3 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2138813T3 (ja) |
| GR (1) | GR3031569T3 (ja) |
| HU (1) | HUP9801690A3 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MX9708733A (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO975183L (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ305870A (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL187086B1 (ja) |
| RO (1) | RO115169B1 (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2144546C1 (ja) |
| SI (1) | SI9620075B (ja) |
| SK (1) | SK150897A3 (ja) |
| TR (1) | TR199701345T1 (ja) |
| TW (2) | TW428004B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1996035744A1 (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA963238B (ja) |
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| JP2006089752A (ja) * | 1995-05-12 | 2006-04-06 | Huntsman Internatl Llc | 新規な軟質ポリウレタンフォーム |
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| US5187204A (en) * | 1990-12-27 | 1993-02-16 | Basf Corporation | Energy absorbing, water blown, rigid polyurethane foam articles |
| TW293827B (ja) * | 1992-04-20 | 1996-12-21 | Takeda Pharm Industry Co Ltd | |
| US5260347A (en) * | 1992-12-04 | 1993-11-09 | Basf Corporation | Low density, water-blown, rigid polyurethane foams having good physical properties and improved initial surface friability |
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1996
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006089752A (ja) * | 1995-05-12 | 2006-04-06 | Huntsman Internatl Llc | 新規な軟質ポリウレタンフォーム |
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