JP2008527119A - 炭素ナノ粒子を含有する複合材料 - Google Patents
炭素ナノ粒子を含有する複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008527119A JP2008527119A JP2007550711A JP2007550711A JP2008527119A JP 2008527119 A JP2008527119 A JP 2008527119A JP 2007550711 A JP2007550711 A JP 2007550711A JP 2007550711 A JP2007550711 A JP 2007550711A JP 2008527119 A JP2008527119 A JP 2008527119A
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- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)C XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(octyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009816 wet lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
a)少なくとも1つの化学的に修飾(改質)された炭素ナノ粒子を、少なくとも1つのゾル/ゲル形成成分と反応させることによって、ゾル/ゲルを形成すること;
b)そのように形成されたゾル/ゲルに、有機ポリマー物質を任意に添加すること;
c)得られた混合物を、固体複合材料に変換すること
を含む材料の製造方法(製造プロセス)である。
好ましい実施形態において、炭素ナノ粒子は、フラーレン分子、特に、C36−、C60−、C70−、C76−、C80−、C86−、C112−フラーレンまたはそれらの任意混合物であり;本発明の範囲において、ナノチューブ、特に、MWNT、SWNT、DWNT、ランダム配列ナノチューブ、ならびに、フラーレンオニオン(fullerene onions)またはメタロ−フラーレン、炭素繊維、すす粒子(soot particles)またはグラファイト粒子、およびそれらの任意組合せ、およびそれらとフラーレンとの組合せの使用も好適である。
本発明の方法におけるゾル/ゲル形成成分は、種々の金属、例えば、珪素、アルミニウム、ボル(bor)、マグネシウム、ジルコニウム、チタン、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、または遷移金属、好ましくは、白金、モリブデン、イリジウム、タンタル、ビスマス、タングステン、バナジウム、コバルト、ハフニウム、ニオビウム、クロム、マンガン、レニウム、鉄、金、銀、銅、ルテニウム、ロジウム、パラジウム、オスミウム、ランタンおよびランタニドの、アルコキシド、オキシド、アセテート、ニトレート、ならびにそれらの組合せから選択しうる。
本発明の複合材料の特性、例えば、耐機械的応力性、導電性、衝撃強度または光学特性は、適量の添加剤の適用によって、特に有機ポリマー物質の添加によって、変化させることができる。
本発明の特に好ましい実施形態において、有機ポリマー物質をゾル/ゲルブレンドに添加して、得られた本発明複合材料の特性をさらに修飾して、多孔性を誘発し、生体適合性を増加させ、または機械的または電気的性質を向上させる。
材料の熱処理後に、充填剤の除去に使用することができる好適な溶剤は、例えば、(温)水、希または濃無機または有機酸、塩基などである。好適な無機酸は、例えば、塩酸、硫酸、リン酸、硝酸ならびに希フッ化水素酸である。好適な塩基は、例えば、水酸化ナトリウム、アンモニア、カーボネートならびに有機アミンである。好適な有機酸は、例えば、ギ酸、酢酸、トリクロロメタン酸、トリフルオロメタン酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、シュウ酸およびそれらの混合物である。
本発明の方法によって形成されたゾルまたはゲルは、固体複合材料に変換される。
ゾル/ゲルの固体材料への変換は、種々の条件下に行うことができる。変換は、種々の雰囲気、例えば、不活性雰囲気(例えば、窒素、SF6または希ガス、例えばアルゴン、またはそれらの任意混合物)において、または酸化雰囲気(例えば、酸素、一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、酸化窒素)において、行うことができる。さらに、不活性ガスと、反応性ガス、例えば、水素、アモニア、C1−C6飽和脂肪族炭化水素、例えば、メタン、エタン、プロパンおよびブテン、それらの混合物または他の酸化ガスとをブレンドすることも好ましい。
(実施例)
1gのC60およびC70のフラーレン混合物(Nanom−Mix、FCC,Japan)を、99gの3−アミノプロピル−トリメトキシシラン(Dynasylan(登録商標)AMMO、Degussa AG、Germanyから入手可能)と共に、連続撹拌(20rpm)下に、水浴において、50℃で、20時間にわたって混合して、赤褐色液体を得る。
Claims (24)
- 下記のステップ:
a)少なくとも1つの化学的に修飾された炭素ナノ粒子を、少なくとも1つのゾル/ゲル形成成分と反応させることによりゾル/ゲルを形成すること;
b)そのように形成されたゾル/ゲルに、有機ポリマー物質を添加すること;
c)得られた混合物を、固体複合材料に変換すること
を含む複合材料の製造方法。 - ゾル/ゲル内の炭素基材ナノ粒子が、少なくとも1つのゾル/ゲル形成成分と共有結合している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 炭素ナノ粒子が、フラーレン分子、特に、C36−、C60−、C70−、C76−、C80−、C86−、C112−フラーレンまたはそれらの任意混合物;ナノチューブ、特に、MWNT、SWNT、DWNT;ランダム配列ナノチューブ、およびフラーレンオニオンもしくはメタロ−フラーレン、炭素繊維、すす粒子またはグラファイト粒子;ならびにそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 炭素ナノ粒子が、ゾル/ゲル形成成分と反応することができる適当なリンカー基での官能化によって化学的に修飾されている、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- リンカー基が、第一級、第二級または第三級アミノ基、直鎖または分岐鎖、置換または非置換アルキル−、アルケニル−、アルキニル−、シクロアルキル−、シクロアルケニル−、シクロアルキニル−、アリール−、アルキルアリール−、アリールアルキル−、アルケニルアリール−、アリールアルケニル−、アルキニルアリール−、アリールアルキニル−基;アルキル−金属アルコキシド、ハロゲン、芳香族または脂肪族アルコール基、ピロリジン基、フタロシアニン基、カルボキシル、カルボキシレート、エステル、エーテルなどからなる群より選択される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- ナノ粒子が、3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、6−アミノ−1−ヘキサノール、2−(2−アミノエトキシ)エタノール、シクロヘキシルアミン、酪酸コレステリルエステル(PCBCR)、1−(3−メトキシカルボニル)プロピル)−1−フェニルエステルまたはそれらの組合せの1つとの反応により官能化されている、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ナノ粒子が、化学修飾前に、0.5nm〜500nm、好ましくは0.5nm〜100nm、より好ましくは0.7nm〜50nmの平均粒度を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つのゾル/ゲル形成成分が、アルコキシド、金属アルコキシド、金属酸化物、金属酢酸塩、金属硝酸塩、金属ハロゲン化物およびそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ゾル/ゲル形成成分が、シリコンアルコキシドおよびそのオリゴマー形態;アルキルアルコキシシラン;アリールトリアルコキシシランおよびフェニルトリブトキシシラン;フェニル−トリ−(3−グリシジルオキシ)−シラン−オキシド(TGPSO)、アミノアルキルシラン;3−グリシジルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3−グリシジルオキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、ビスフェノール−A−グリシジルシラン;(メタ)アクリルシラン、フェニルシラン、オリゴマーまたはポリマーシラン、エポキシシラン;フルオロアルキルシラン、ならびにそれらの任意混合物からなる群より選択される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- ゾル/ゲル形成成分が、金属ハロゲン化物から選択され、かつ、アルコキシド−、エーテル−、エステル−、アルコール−またはアセテート−官能化炭素ナノ粒子から選択される酸素官能化炭素ナノ粒子と反応したものである、請求項8に記載の方法。
- ゾル/ゲルが水を含み、該水とゾル/ゲル形成成分とのモル比が0.001〜100の範囲である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ゾル/ゲルが有機溶剤の存在下に形成され、かつ、ゾル/ゲルおよび/または得られる複合材料の溶剤含有量が0.1%〜90%である、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ゾル/ゲルに添加される有機物質が、脂肪族または芳香族ポリオレフィン、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブテン、ポリイソブテン、ポリペンテンの、ホモポリマーまたはコポリマー;ポリブタジエン;ポリカーボネート;ボリノルボルニレン、ポリアルキン、ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ナイロン、ポリビニル、例えば、ポリ塩化ビニルまたはポリビニルアルコール;ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリスチレン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ワックス、パラフィンワックス、フィッシャー・トロプシュ・ワックス;パラシクロファン、アルキド樹脂、フッ化ゴム、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、アミン樹脂、タール、タール様物質、タールピッチ、ビチューメン、デンプン、セルロース、シェラック、再生可能原材料の有機物質、ならびにこれらの任意物質の混合物、コポリマーおよび組合せから選択される、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ゾル/ゲルおよび有機ポリマー物質の混合物の、固体複合材料への変換を、乾燥により行う、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 乾燥を、場合により減圧または真空下で、−200℃〜3500℃の範囲での熱処理により行う、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの架橋剤を、ゾル/ゲルおよび有機ポリマー物質の混合物に添加することをさらに含み、かつ、前記架橋剤が、イソシアネート、シラン、(メタ)アクリレート、またはそれらの任意物質の混合物から選択される、前記請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの充填剤を、ゾル/ゲルおよび有機ポリマー物質の混合物に添加することをさらに含み、かつ、前記充填剤が、ゾル/ゲルの他の成分と反応しない成分からなる群より選択される、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 充填剤がポリマー封入炭素ナノ粒子である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 得られた固体複合材料から充填剤を少なくとも部分的に除去することをさらに含む、請求項17または18に記載の方法。
- 有機ポリマー物質および/または充填剤または他の添加剤を、ゾル/ゲルの形成工程中、ゾル/ゲルの形成後、または部分的にゾル/ゲルの形成中および形成後に添加する、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ゾル/ゲルネットワークに共有結合的に組み込まれた炭素ナノ粒子および少なくとも1つの有機ポリマー物質を含む、ゾル/ゲル複合材料。
- 請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の方法によって得られる、請求項21に記載のゾル/ゲル複合材料。
- 請求項21または22に記載のゾル/ゲル複合材料から形成された固体複合材料。
- 炭素ナノ粒子が存在する、請求項23に記載の材料。
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| US64384205P | 2005-01-13 | 2005-01-13 | |
| PCT/EP2005/014096 WO2006074809A2 (en) | 2005-01-13 | 2005-12-28 | Composite materials containing carbon nanoparticles |
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- 2005-12-28 EA EA200701505A patent/EA011516B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-12-28 DK DK05850369T patent/DK1836239T3/da active
- 2005-12-28 KR KR1020077018238A patent/KR20070101312A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-12-28 BR BRPI0519754-6A patent/BRPI0519754A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-12-28 PL PL05850369T patent/PL1836239T3/pl unknown
- 2005-12-28 DE DE602005010747T patent/DE602005010747D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-12-28 CN CNA2005800464306A patent/CN101098916A/zh active Pending
- 2005-12-28 PT PT05850369T patent/PT1836239E/pt unknown
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- 2005-12-28 AU AU2005324915A patent/AU2005324915A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010503603A (ja) * | 2006-09-13 | 2010-02-04 | ユニバーシティ オブ ノッティンガム | ポリマー−カーボンナノチューブ混合物 |
| JP2010513202A (ja) * | 2006-12-20 | 2010-04-30 | サントル ナシオナル ドゥ ラ ルシェルシェサイアンティフィク(セエヌエールエス) | カーボンナノチューブを基本構造としたエアロゲル |
| JP2016169149A (ja) * | 2010-06-22 | 2016-09-23 | モレキュラー レバー デザイン エルエルシー | カーボンナノチューブ組成物 |
| KR20150102036A (ko) * | 2012-12-13 | 2015-09-04 | 바스프 코포레이션 | 탄소체 및 강자성 탄소체 |
| JP2015536901A (ja) * | 2012-12-13 | 2015-12-24 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | 炭素体及び強磁性炭素体 |
| US9579635B2 (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2017-02-28 | Basf Corporation | Carbon bodies and ferromagnetic carbon bodies |
| KR101724979B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-13 | 2017-04-07 | 바스프 코포레이션 | 탄소체 및 강자성 탄소체 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EA200701505A1 (ru) | 2008-02-28 |
| PL1836239T3 (pl) | 2009-04-30 |
| US20060155376A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
| EP2014728A1 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| ATE412691T1 (de) | 2008-11-15 |
| WO2006074809A2 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
| EA011516B1 (ru) | 2009-04-28 |
| DE602005010747D1 (de) | 2008-12-11 |
| ES2317344T3 (es) | 2009-04-16 |
| WO2006074809A3 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
| BRPI0519754A2 (pt) | 2009-03-10 |
| EP1836239B1 (en) | 2008-10-29 |
| MX2007008425A (es) | 2007-12-10 |
| SI1836239T1 (sl) | 2009-04-30 |
| EP2014708A1 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| DK1836239T3 (da) | 2009-01-19 |
| PT1836239E (pt) | 2009-02-02 |
| EP1836239A2 (en) | 2007-09-26 |
| HK1114400A1 (en) | 2008-10-31 |
| KR20070101312A (ko) | 2007-10-16 |
| IL184084A0 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
| AU2005324915A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
| CA2591942A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
| CN101098916A (zh) | 2008-01-02 |
| US7780875B2 (en) | 2010-08-24 |
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