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EP3021995B1 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de ressorts hélicoïdaux par enroulement - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de ressorts hélicoïdaux par enroulement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3021995B1
EP3021995B1 EP14741216.7A EP14741216A EP3021995B1 EP 3021995 B1 EP3021995 B1 EP 3021995B1 EP 14741216 A EP14741216 A EP 14741216A EP 3021995 B1 EP3021995 B1 EP 3021995B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire
spring
weakening
tool
cutting
Prior art date
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Application number
EP14741216.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3021995A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Reicherter
Andreas Schur
Wolfgang Bäuerle
Uwe-Peter Weigmann
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Wafios AG
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Wafios AG
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Publication of EP3021995A1 publication Critical patent/EP3021995A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F11/00—Cutting wire
    • B21F11/005—Cutting wire springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F35/00—Making springs from wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F5/00—Upsetting wire or pressing operations affecting the wire cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F3/00—Coiling wire into particular forms
    • B21F3/02—Coiling wire into particular forms helically

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing coil springs by spring winds by means of a numerically controlled spring coiling machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a suitable for performing the method spring coiling machine according to the preamble of claim 10 (see, eg JP H10 180384 ).
  • Coil springs are machine elements that are required in numerous applications in large numbers and different designs. Coil springs, which are also referred to as twisted torsion springs, are usually made of spring wire and designed depending on the load in use as tension springs or compression springs. Compression springs, in particular valve springs, clutch springs or suspension springs are needed, for example, in large quantities in the automotive industry.
  • Coil springs are nowadays commonly manufactured by spring winches using numerically controlled spring coiling machines.
  • a wire (spring wire) is supplied under the control of an NC control program by means of a feeder a forming device of the spring coiling machine and formed by means of tools of the forming device to form a coil spring.
  • the tools usually include one or more adjustable in terms of their position wind tools for establishing and possibly changing the diameter of spring coils.
  • one or more pitch tools are also provided, through which the local pitch of the spring coils at each stage of the manufacturing process is determined.
  • a finished coil spring is separated from the supplied wire under the control of the NC control program by means of a cutter.
  • the torsion cut is used primarily in wire materials that have high strength and / or prone to brittle fracture.
  • the winding ratio D / d ie the ratio between the spring diameter D and the wire diameter d of the spring, should not be too large, since too large winding ratios necessary for the torsional force during pivoting of the spring can no longer be optimally concentrated at the desired separation position , If these conditions are fulfilled sufficiently well, one can by torsional cut get a burr-free cut. For other types of cuts, burrs are usually produced at the cut surface.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for producing coil springs by spring winds and a suitable for performing the method spring coiling machine, which allow the separation of a finished coil spring from the supplied wire at a defined location a clean, possibly burr-free cut surface produce.
  • the separation process should be gentle to the spring machines and the environment and not adversely affect the spring geometry.
  • it should be possible to separate coil springs with relatively high winding ratio by means of torsion cutting from the wire and / or to produce clean cut surfaces even with difficult to cut wire materials.
  • the invention proposes a method with the features of claim 1 and a spring coiling machine with the features of claim 10.
  • Advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims. The wording of all claims is incorporated herein by reference.
  • this object is achieved according to the claimed invention in that prior to separation at a defined separation position along the wire at least at two diametrically opposite portions of the wire circumference a linear weakening in the region of the surface of the wire is generated.
  • the weakening line which extends substantially in a plane perpendicular to the wire longitudinal direction, acts as a predetermined breaking point in the subsequent separation process. Therefore, intended to produce the weakening components in this application be referred to as components of a predetermined breaking point generating device.
  • the linear weakening at and near the wire surface may be e.g. be generated by notching, stabbing, rolled, hammered or scratched the wire surface.
  • the weakening will preferably not go very deep in the radial direction, for example, starting from the wire surface only so far that at least 50% of the diameter of the wire in the region of the core (in the center of the wire) remains substantially unaffected by the near-surface weakening.
  • the unaffected inner area may also be larger, e.g. in the range of 60% to 90% of the diameter, possibly even more. What is important is that a significant superficial weakening is created which does not have to extend deep into the wire material.
  • a predetermined breaking point is created in the longitudinal direction of the wire, in the region of which the cutting forces required for cutting are substantially lower than in the absence of such weakening.
  • the regions of near-surface weakening form preferential regions of the crack initiation during the separation process, with cracks then continuing radially from several sides into the interior of the wire and creating planar fracture surfaces.
  • the cutting device can be designed with lower drive power and less massively designed components.
  • the required cutting forces can also reduce the mechanical repercussions of the separation process on the spring geometry (eg bending of turns close to the interface) in comparison to systems without predetermined breaking point generation.
  • a linear weakening is generated only at two diametrically opposite circumferential regions, wherein the remainder of the surface between them can remain unharmed.
  • the wire can be mechanically scored in a curved section by means of numerically controllable scoring tools simultaneously on the inside and on the diametrically opposite outside. It is also possible that on more than two sides linear weakenings are introduced.
  • a circumferentially uninterrupted circumferential line weakening is created, for example, in the form of an annular notch or annular fusing line.
  • the predetermined breaking point can have high symmetry (for example mirror symmetry or axis symmetry to a longitudinal center plane or point symmetry (central symmetry) to the wire center), which favors particularly uniform parting surfaces.
  • the wire is mechanically notched simultaneously from diametrically opposite sides using numerically controllable notching tools.
  • the wire may be mechanically scored in a curved portion simultaneously on the inside and on the diametrically opposite outside.
  • a corresponding predetermined breaking point generating device has two notching tools movable toward or away from one another with cutting edges lying in a common plane. The notching tools can simultaneously penetrate from the opposite sides superficially into the wire material, wherein one of the notching tools each serves as a counter-tool of the other.
  • the wire is clamped between the notching tools to provide weakening, the notching tools are then held in engagement with the wire, and the coil spring is torsionally separated from the clamped wire.
  • the wire thus remains trapped at the separation point, but is not completely severed by the notching tools.
  • the torsional fracture is generated by pivoting the spring body, wherein the material separation takes place in the parting line defined by the wedge tools. It can be particularly smooth separation surfaces arise because the supplied wire is fixed by means of the notching tools.
  • At least one jet tool is used to create the weakening.
  • predetermined breaking point generating devices contain a laser system, so that at least one laser beam can be radiated onto the wire surface to produce the weakening. The irradiation can be done from several sides.
  • the laser beam is deflected by one or more deflection devices, such as plane mirror, one or more times so that different peripheral portions of Wired can be irradiated with the same laser beam and scored or melted on the surface.
  • a deflection devices such as plane mirror
  • the finished coil spring can be separated from the supplied wire by means of a cutting device, whereby due to the predetermined breaking point the cutting forces required for this can be substantially lower than with a wire that is not pre-weakened, ie a wire without predetermined breaking point ,
  • the range of application of torsional cutting can be significantly expanded to coil springs with larger winding ratios. So far, the upper limit in the torsion cut was typically at a winding ratio in the range of 3 to 4.
  • the winding ratio may be e.g. between 5 and 10, possibly in the range up to 12 or above.
  • spring coiling machines which are set up, for example, for a straight cut or a rotary cut, since significantly lower cutting forces are required at a pre-weakened separating position in order to achieve a clean separation of the finished coil springs from the supplied wire.
  • the components involved in the cutting process are less subject to wear and, with moderate dimensioning, can, if necessary, also be made of relatively difficult to cut wire materials. such as high-strength spring wires, by means of straight cut or rotary cut separate.
  • FIG Fig. 1 shows some structural elements of a CNC coil winding machine 100 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the range of forming tools with components of a predetermined breaking point generating device.
  • the spring coiling machine 100 has a feed device 110 equipped with three pairs of feed rollers 112, which can feed successive wire sections of a wire feed and guide wire 115 with a numerically controlled feed rate profile in the horizontal direction into the area of a forming device 120. Components of the forming devices are eg in Fig. 2 clearly visible.
  • the wire can be guided on the outlet side of the feed rollers by a wire guide device (see. Fig. 6 ).
  • the wire is converted into a helical spring F by means of numerically controlled tools of the forming device 120.
  • the tools include two angularly offset by 90 ° wind pins 122, 124 which are aligned in the radial direction to the central axis 118 and to the position of the desired spring axis and are intended to determine the diameter of the coil spring.
  • the position the wind pens may be changed to the basic setting for the spring diameter when setting along oblique directions as well as in the horizontal direction to set up the machine for different spring diameters.
  • a similar adjustment is also possible during the spring coil process to change the diameter as a function of the axial position of a turn along the spring. These movements can be carried out by means of electric drives under the control of numerical control.
  • a pitch tool 130 has an effective surface oriented substantially perpendicular to the spring axis, which engages adjacent to the turns of the developing helical spring.
  • the pitch tool is movable parallel to the axis 118 of the developing coil spring (i.e., perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) by means of a numerically controlled adjustment drive of the corresponding machine axis.
  • the advanced during manufacture of the spring wire is pushed by the pitch tool according to the position of the pitch tool in the direction parallel to the spring axis, wherein the position of the pitch tool, the local slope of the spring is determined in the appropriate section. Gradient changes are effected by axis-parallel process of the pitch tool during spring production.
  • the machine axes of the CNC machine belonging to the tools are controlled by a computer numerical control device 180, which has memory devices in which the control software resides, to which i.a. an NC control program for the working movements of the machine axes heard.
  • the spring coiling machine is designed to produce coil springs with a large winding container (eg up to D / d ⁇ 8).
  • coil springs demand the provision of a flat end face of the wire, which should be as parallel and central as possible to the spring axis. This surface can serve these requirements as a contact surface for the introduction of forces and moments.
  • Such coil springs are predominantly produced in the wire diameter range of 4 mm to 10 mm, and preferably made of chrome-silicon wires (eg wire types FD, TD and VD according to EN 10270-2) or wires for valve springs (eg wire types VD according to EN 10270-2) , They often have a mean winding ratio of 5 to 10, occasionally over it, for example, up to 16.
  • the spring coiling machine 100 is configured so that a torsion cut can be performed.
  • a numerically controllable cutting and Anritz noisy 150 is arranged, which has at the lower end of a vertically movable tool carrier a first notching tool 152 which can be moved by driving the associated machine axis in the vertical direction downwards towards the workpiece or upwards.
  • the first notching tool 152 has a wedge-shaped cutting edge directed downwards (wedge angle approximately 90 °), which has a sharp first cutting edge SK1 extending parallel to the central axis.
  • a notch extending transversely to the wire core is produced on the outside of the spring coil with the aid of the first notching tool at a planned separating position (cf. Fig. 3 ).
  • a second notching tool 154 which has a corresponding second cutting edge SK2, which is arranged in the interior of the spring coil and upwards in Direction of the first notching tool is directed.
  • the second notching tool 154 is attached to the top of a tool holder in the form of a mandrel 156, which is part of a mandrel unit.
  • the mandrel and the second wedge tool carried thereby is displaceable parallel to the central axis 118 by means of a corresponding machine axis and can thus be moved into the interior of the spring or pulled out of this interior.
  • the mandrel as a whole is mounted in a vertically movable mandrel carriage 160 so that the second wedge tool 154 can perform a controlled vertical movement in the direction of the upper notching tool or in the opposite direction.
  • At least one of the wedge tools may be provided on the side of the cutting edge facing the front wall of the machine with a nose 154 'projecting beyond the cutting edge (cf. Fig. 3B ), which prevents a deflection of the wire towards the machine wall during the separation process. This can prevent the wire from jumping out of the tools.
  • a tool unit 170 which has a radially to the central axis 118 in the vertical direction movable back and forth tool holder which carries at its upper end a wedge tool 172 which is insertable to initiate the Torsionsterrorisms between turns of the coil spring.
  • the wedge tool has at its upper end a flat inclined surface 173, which is inclined starting from the front wall of the spring coiling machine obliquely forward and down.
  • the angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal plane is about 10 ° to 40 °, preferably about 15 °.
  • the two notching tools 152, 154 and the components of the cutting and pricking unit 150 and the mandrel unit provided for their movement are functional components of a predetermined breaking point generating device, which is adapted to each at a defined separation position of the wire at two diametrically opposite portions of the circumference linear weakening in the form of a transverse to the longitudinal direction of the wire notch in the region of the surface of the wire to introduce.
  • the components of the predetermined breaking point generating device are likewise controlled via the control device 180 on the basis of the NC control program.
  • the spring coiling machine 100 can operate as follows. At the beginning of the coil spring manufacturing cycle, the upper first notching tool 152 is in a raised position at its upper reversal point and the mandrel with the lower notching tool 154 is retracted so that the lower notching tool is outside the wind plane defined by the wind tools 122, 124 , Then, with continuous wire feed, the helical spring is produced in a manner known per se by spring winds by the advanced wire material being forced through the wind fingers 124, 122 and bent into a circular shape.
  • the wire feed is stopped so that the intended separation position at which the finished coil spring is to be separated from the supplied wire, in the parting plane 155, by the position of mutually parallel cutting edges SK1, SK2 of each other dressed notching tools 152, 154 is defined.
  • the mandrel 156 drives with the second wedge tool 154 forward into the spring body.
  • the vertical position of the mandrel is adjusted so that the cutting edge SK2 of the second wedge tool 154 is only a few tenths of a millimeter away from the inside of the spring coil (see. Fig. 3A )
  • the machine axis of the cutting and pricking device 150 is activated so that the first scoring tool 152 moves from the top to the outside of the wire.
  • the two notching tools 152 and 154 are then moved slightly towards each other, so that the coplanar cutting edges of the notching tools simultaneously penetrate into the surface of the wire material from the outside (first notching tool) and from the inside (second notching tool) at diametrically opposite locations (cf. Fig. 3B ).
  • a notch extending perpendicular to the wire longitudinal direction is formed on each side of the wire.
  • the notching tools penetrate only so deeply into the wire material that a superficial linear weakening of the wire material is produced, wherein the interior of the wire remains "unhurt” or largely undeformed.
  • Typical penetration depths can be below 1 mm, for example in the range between 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm for typical wire diameters in the range of 4 mm to 10 mm. (see. Fig. 3B ).
  • the wire is not separated by the notching tools 152, 154. Instead, the notching tools clamp the wire from above and below and thereby hold it in the parting plane 155 at the intended separation position.
  • the actual cutting process, the "torsional cut" is then carried out with the aid of the bottom fed wedge tool 172 from below.
  • the wedge tool or breaking tool 172 moves from below between the first and the second turn of the spring and rotates the spring body beyond the separating position upwards until the wire material in the parting plane 155 breaks or tears (see. Fig. 3B ).
  • the spring is thus twisted or twisted in the plane of the wedge tools (parting plane 155) and breaks under the torsional stress in the parting plane.
  • the upper wedge tool is retracted upward and the lower notching tool is lowered and retracted by retracting the mandrel. Thereafter, a corresponding cycle begins for the production of the next coil spring.
  • the tools and the arrangement are mirror-inverted.
  • cutting stroke here generally refers to the noise during the separation process.
  • the cutting stroke is usually smaller in the torsion cut than in other cuts (e.g., straight cut, rotary cut).
  • the cutting stroke is lower in the inventive method than in conventional methods, because the forces required for separation due to the previously introduced weakening smaller and the total energy of all lying in the power flow parts is thus lower. The energy in the system relaxes "abruptly" after the spring has been separated at the break point and the tools and machine elements are relieved.
  • the components of the cutting and Anritzech 150 are disposed above the central axis 118 and the horizontal plane defined by this spring coil machine and the wedge tool 172 engages to initiate the torsional fracture from below between adjacent turns. It is located between the still unbent wire section, which meets the lower wind tool 122, and arranged above the separation zone in which the notching tools 152, 154 work, about half a spring coil. This forms the first half turn of the next coil spring and remains in the spring coiling machine when the severed coil spring is removed.
  • Fig. 4 the arrangement of the components of the cutting and Anritz founded are arranged below the central axis 418, wherein the wedge tool 472 is disposed above the developing coil spring and is introduced from above between adjacent spring coils to cause the torsional fracture ( Fig. 4C ).
  • the same or corresponding components bear the same reference numerals as in the Fig. 1 to 3 , each increased by 300.
  • the wire When making the spring, the wire is in each case advanced so far that a complete 360 ° turn W1 lies between the supplied wire and the intended separation position. Then the wire feed is stopped and the mandrel 456 is retracted into the spring so that the inner notching tool 454 is at the beginning of the turn following the winding W1. At the same position, the outer notching tool 452 then also engages from the other side of the wire. When the notching tools 454, 452 move together, the wire is notched and clamped at the transition between the winding W1 and the subsequent wire section before the wedge tool 472 engages from above and initiates the torsion. The winding W1 is thus decoupled by means of the notching tools of those forces that lead to torsion. This avoids the bending of the adjacent end / initial turn.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 Based on Fig. 5 are explained components of an embodiment in which the predetermined breaking point generating device operates by means of jet tools. To simplify carry identical or Similar components of the spring coiling machine, the same reference numerals as in the FIGS. 1 to 3 ,
  • the predetermined breaking point generating device has a first beam outlet device 552 and a second beam outlet device 554, which define a vertical parting plane at the point at which the torsional fracture is to be initiated after completion of the wire feed.
  • the upper, first jet outlet means produces a jet which is directed obliquely to the convexly curved outside of the wire.
  • the lower second jet unit generates a jet which is directed at approximately a diametrically opposite point obliquely on the concavely curved inside of the wire.
  • linear weakenings in the region of the wire surface can be introduced in diametrically opposite regions on the outside and inside of the wire before the wedge tool 172 travels from below between the first winding still hanging on the supplied wire and the second winding and the spring body turns up. Again, a crack initiation of several points of the wire circumference, whereby the required torsional moment is reduced.
  • the predetermined breaking point generating device operates by means of laser beams, the beam outlet devices 552, 554 being designed in the form of beam-guiding exit optics of the laser system.
  • the predetermined breaking point generating device operates with sharply focused water jets which are blasted under high pressure through outlet nozzles in the jet outlet devices in the direction of the wire surface.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 is the breaking point after completion of the wire feed with stopped wire feed at the produced completely curved or finished wound spring, so that the predetermined breaking point between their generation and the initiation of the torsional moment is no longer moved.
  • this is not mandatory.
  • a predetermined breaking point is generated before completion of the Federwindeoperation, so that after generation of the predetermined breaking point nor a feed of the predetermined breaking point takes place up to that position at which the cut takes place.
  • FIG. 6 shows a front view of parts of a spring coiling machine 600, which has a cutting device 650, which is set up for a straight cut.
  • the wire 615 is conveyed by feed rollers 612 of a feed device in the direction of the forming device 620, which has two wind pins 622, 624 for presetting the spring diameter and a pitch tool 630 for setting the pitch.
  • a cutting device 650 is mounted with a cutting tool 652 which, after completion of a forming operation, separates the manufactured coil spring with a vertical working movement by means of a straight cut from the supplied wire.
  • a mandrel 655 cutting mandrel
  • the cutting edge 656 defines the parting plane of the straight section.
  • a wire guiding device 616 having an inlet sleeve 616A and a coaxial outlet sleeve 616B spaced apart such that a portion of the inserted wire is externally interposed between the sleeves several directions freely accessible.
  • coil springs with a relatively high winding ratio (D / d> 8) are to be made, which consist of relatively hard spring steel wire.
  • D / d> 8 By means of a predetermined breaking point generating device, it is possible to significantly reduce the cutting forces required for cutting the wire with respect to wires without predetermined breaking point. As a result, tool wear can be reduced and it is possible to dispense with an otherwise required particularly expensive dimensioning of the components of the cutting device. Also, the cutting stroke and the load on the tools and the machine as a whole are reduced. As a result, a longer service life of the tools can be achieved.
  • components of the predetermined breaking point generating device are arranged in the region of the wire guide 616 such that the predetermined breaking point can be generated at that wire section exposed between the inlet sleeve 616A and the outlet sleeve 616B.
  • two diametrically opposed jet outlet devices 654A, 654B are attached for this purpose, in order to produce superficial scribing on the wire at two diametrically opposite regions transverse to the wire direction.
  • the Strahlauslass sharken are designed as exit optics of a laser system. Alternatively, it could be outlet nozzles of a water jet cutting device.
  • the predetermined breaking point is generated before the actual forming process of the predetermined breaking point wire section takes place by spring winds.
  • the wire is advanced so far until the predetermined breaking point is in the separation plane defined by the cutting edge 656. This situation is in Fig. 6 indicated by the crack on the outside and inside of the spring in the region of the predetermined breaking point SB.
  • the components of the predetermined breaking point generating means e.g. the beam exit devices can be arranged fixed to the machine so that exactly the required wire length lies between its position and the parting plane. Then the wire feed is possibly briefly interrupted until the predetermined breaking point is generated. In other variants, it is provided that the wire feed for the pre-scoring is not interrupted.
  • mounted in the vicinity of the wire components of the predetermined breaking point generating device are mounted linearly movable parallel to the wire running direction and can be controlled so that it moves synchronously with the advanced wire at the wire speed for the duration of the generation of the predetermined breaking point and then before the next cycle can be moved back again.
  • the wire guiding device with the beam outlet devices attached thereto can be mounted on a carriage in order to be able to move linearly in the wire running direction as a whole.
  • FIG. 6 shows in conjunction with Fig. 7 an alternative arrangement of components of a predetermined breaking point generating device, which generates a predetermined breaking point by means of a laser beam at the intended separation position, before the separation position provided on the wire is moved into the parting plane (defined by cutting edge 656).
  • the components are arranged here in the space between the wind fingers 622, 624 offset by approximately 90 ° to the parting plane. This arrangement may be favorable, for example, for reasons of space, if only little space is available in the region of the parting line.
  • a beam outlet unit 752 of a laser system is disposed radially outward of the spring and transverse to the direction of travel of the wire 715 by a uniaxial pivotal movement (beam outlet unit 752A in FIG Fig. 7A ) or a linear displacement movement (beam outlet unit 752B in FIG Fig. 7B ) movable perpendicular to the wire longitudinal direction.
  • the Strahlauslass At the inside of the wire winding is diametrically opposite the Strahlauslass founded a mirror assembly with two V-shaped plan mirrors arranged 761, 762, which are arranged so that at certain positions of the Strahlauslassech the laser beam from a plane mirror or two plane mirrors are reflected at peripheral regions of the continuous wire which can not be reached directly by the laser beam coming from the beam exit means.
  • the angle W between the mirror surfaces may be, for example, in the range of 70 ° to 130 °.
  • the resulting predetermined breaking point is advanced by pressing the wire feed into the parting plane on the mandrel 655, before the finished spring is severed by the cutting tool by straight cut.
  • Fig. 7 explained variant can also be provided elsewhere, for example in the field of wire guide. If space permits, an arrangement in the parting plane, ie in the region of the cutting edge 656 of the mandrel, is also possible.
  • the predetermined breaking point can also be generated by a plunge operation.
  • the mandrel 156 may be provided with a sharp-edged piercing tool which, when the mandrel is fed axially into the interior of the spring on the inside of the wire, scores a notch in the tangential direction of the wire cross section.

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Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de ressorts hélicoïdaux par enroulement de ressorts au moyen d'une enrouleuse de ressorts à commande numérique (100), enrouleuse dans laquelle un fil (115) est acheminé par un dispositif d'alimentation (110) à un dispositif de formage (120) de l'enrouleuse de ressorts sous la commande réalisée par un programme de commande numérique, est mis sous la forme d'un ressort hélicoïdal à l'aide d'outils du dispositif de formage et un ressort hélicoïdal fini est ensuite séparé du fil d'alimentation au moyen d'un dispositif de sectionnement (150),
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'avant la séparation, à une position de séparation défini le long du fil, au moins au niveau de deux sections diamétralement opposées de la circonférence du fil, un affaiblissement linéaire est créé dans une zone de surface du fil et le ressort hélicoïdal fini est séparé du fil d'alimentation à la position de séparation.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un affaiblissement linéaire est créé sur et à proximité de la surface du fil en faisant en sorte que la surface du fil soit entaillée, cisaillée, laminée, martelée ou fendue.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'affaiblissement, à partir de la surface du fil, est créé seulement dans la mesure qu'au moins 50 % du diamètre du fil, en particulier entre 60 % à 90 % du diamètre du fil, dans la région du centre du fil, reste sensiblement non affecté par l'affaiblissement réalisé à proximité de la surface.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce, pour affaiblir le fil au niveau de la position de séparation, un affaiblissement linéaire respectif est créé à la position de séparation exclusivement dans deux zones circonférentielles diamétralement opposées.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le fil est simultanément entaillé mécaniquement dans des sections circonférentielles diamétralement opposée à l'aide d'outils d'entaillage (152, 154) pouvant être commandés numériquement, dans lequel le fil est de préférence pincé entre les outils d'entaillage (152, 154) pour créer l'affaiblissement, les outils d'entaillage sont maintenus en prise avec le fil et le ressort hélicoïdal est séparé du fil pincé par torsion.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un affaiblissement linéaire circonférentiel ininterrompu est créé dans la direction circonférentielle pour affaiblir le fil à la position de séparation.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un outil générateur de faisceau est utilisé pour créer l'affaiblissement.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un faisceau laser est projeté sur la surface du fil pour créer l'affaiblissement, dans lequel le faisceau laser est de préférence dévié une fois ou plusieurs fois à l'aide d'au moins un dispositif de déviation de manière à ce que des sections circonférentielles différentes soient exposées au même faisceau laser.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un ressort hélicoïdal (F) ayant un rapport d'enroulement D/d de plus de 4, notamment compris entre 5 et 10, est produit et est séparé du fil d'alimentation au moyen d'un sectionnement par torsion, dans lequel le rapport d'enroulement est le rapport entre le diamètre de ressort D et le diamètre de fil du ressort hélicoïdal.
  10. Machine d'enroulement de ressorts (100) destinée à fabriquer des ressorts hélicoïdaux (F) par enroulement de ressorts comprenant :
    un dispositif d'alimentation (110) destiné à acheminer le fil (115) vers un dispositif de formage (120), dans lequel le dispositif de formage comporte au moins un outil d'enroulement (122, 124),
    un dispositif de sectionnement destiné à séparer un ressort hélicoïdal fini du fil d'alimentation après la fin d'une opération de formage;
    un dispositif de commande (180) destiné à commander le dispositif d'alimentation, le dispositif de formage et le dispositif de sectionnement sur la base d'un programme de commande numérique,
    caractérisé par
    un dispositif de création de points de rupture théoriques qui est conçu pour créer un affaiblissement linéaire dans la région de la surface du fil au niveau d'une position de séparation définie le long du fil sur au moins deux sections diamétralement opposées de la circonférence du fil.
  11. Machine d'enroulement de ressorts selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de création de points de rupture théoriques comporte deux outils d'entaillage (152, 154) pouvant être rapprochés et éloignés l'un de l'autre, comportant des arêtes de sectionnement (SK1, SK2) situées dans un plan commun, dans lequel les outils d'entaillage peuvent de préférence être commandés de manière à ce que les outils d'entaillage puissent pénétrer simultanément en surface dans le matériau du fil depuis des côtés opposés, dans lequel l'un des outils d'entaillage est respectivement utilisé en tant que contre-outil par rapport à l'autre outil d'entaillage.
  12. Machine d'enroulement de ressorts selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de sectionnement est conçu pour une séparation du ressort hélicoïdal (F) par des sectionnements en torsion, dans lequel la machine d'enroulement de ressorts comporte de préférence une unité à outil (170) pouvant être décalée radialement par rapport à un axe central (118), comportant un outil formant coin (172) qui peut être inséré entre des enroulements du ressort hélicoïdal.
  13. Machine d'enroulement de ressorts selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisée en ce que la machine d'enroulement de ressorts est configurée de manière à ce que le fil (115) puisse être pincé entre les outils d'entaillage (152, 154) pour créer l'affaiblissement, les outils d'entaillage peuvent être maintenus en prise avec le fil et le ressort hélicoïdal (F) peut être séparé par torsion du fil pincé.
  14. Machine d'enroulement de ressorts selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de création de points de rupture théoriques comporte au moins un outil à faisceau comprenant un dispositif de sortie de faisceau (552, 554, 652, 654, 752) pouvant être orienté vers la surface du fil, dans lequel le dispositif de création de points de rupture théorique comporte de préférence un système à laser qui est configuré de manière à ce qu'un faisceau laser puisse être projeté sur la surface du fil afin de créer l'affaiblissement linéaire, dans lequel il est de préférence prévu au moins un dispositif de déviation, notamment un miroir plan (761A, 761 B) à l'aide duquel un faisceau laser peut être dévié une fois ou plusieurs fois afin que des sections circonférentielles différentes du fil (715) puissent exposées à un même faisceau laser.
  15. Machine d'enroulement de ressorts selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que le système à laser comporte une unité de sortie de faisceau (752) qui est montée mobile perpendiculairement à une direction longitudinale du fil et transversalement à la direction de déplacement du fil (715), dans lequel un dispositif de déviation comportant deux miroirs plans (761, 762) disposés en V l'un par rapport à l'autre est disposé diamétralement opposé par rapport à la direction de sortie de faisceau, lesquels miroirs plans sont orientés de manière à ce qu'en des positions déterminées de l'unité de sortie de faisceau, le faisceau laser soit réfléchi par l'un des miroirs plans ou par les deux miroirs plans sur des zones circonférentielles du fil qui ne peuvent pas être directement atteintes par le faisceau laser provenant du dispositif de sortie de faisceau.
EP14741216.7A 2013-07-18 2014-06-26 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de ressorts hélicoïdaux par enroulement Active EP3021995B1 (fr)

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DE201310214161 DE102013214161B4 (de) 2013-07-18 2013-07-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schraubenfedern durch Federwinden
PCT/EP2014/063577 WO2015007496A1 (fr) 2013-07-18 2014-06-26 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de ressorts hélicoïdaux par enroulement

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EP3021995B1 true EP3021995B1 (fr) 2017-05-17

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CN109500172B (zh) * 2018-11-22 2020-10-27 宁波巨丰工具实业有限公司 一种卷簧机
JP7258545B2 (ja) 2018-12-28 2023-04-17 日本発條株式会社 コイリングマシンと、コイルばねの製造方法
MX2021008990A (es) * 2019-02-06 2021-09-08 Nhk Spring Co Ltd Maquina enrolladora, metodo de fabricacion de resortes helicoidales y resorte helicoidal.
DE102020200797A1 (de) * 2020-01-23 2021-07-29 Wafios Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung konfektionierter Formteile
CN212652618U (zh) * 2020-06-02 2021-03-05 福立旺精密机电（中国）股份有限公司 一种具有激光加工功能的弹簧成型设备
KR102409266B1 (ko) * 2020-11-06 2022-06-15 주식회사 대구정밀 스프링 성형장치의 트위스트 커팅시스템
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CN114589276B (zh) * 2022-03-14 2023-08-01 杭州弹簧有限公司 一种弹簧加工设备
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EP3021995A1 (fr) 2016-05-25
CN105377466A (zh) 2016-03-02
DE102013214161B4 (de) 2015-05-07
DE102013214161A1 (de) 2015-02-19
CN105377466B (zh) 2017-03-29
WO2015007496A1 (fr) 2015-01-22

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