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DE69119823T2 - Automatische Kraftübertragungsflüssigkeiten und Additive dafür - Google Patents

Automatische Kraftübertragungsflüssigkeiten und Additive dafür

Info

Publication number
DE69119823T2
DE69119823T2 DE69119823T DE69119823T DE69119823T2 DE 69119823 T2 DE69119823 T2 DE 69119823T2 DE 69119823 T DE69119823 T DE 69119823T DE 69119823 T DE69119823 T DE 69119823T DE 69119823 T2 DE69119823 T2 DE 69119823T2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
viscosity
weight
composition
cst
index improver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
DE69119823T
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English (en)
Other versions
DE69119823D1 (de
Inventor
Douglas Ray Chrisope
Rolfe John Hartley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Afton Chemical Corp
Original Assignee
Afton Chemical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=24038959&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=DE69119823(T2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Afton Chemical Corp filed Critical Afton Chemical Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE69119823D1 publication Critical patent/DE69119823D1/de
Publication of DE69119823T2 publication Critical patent/DE69119823T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
    • C10M2215/26—Amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/06—Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

  • Mindestens ein Hersteller von originalteilen hat den Wunsch, die Anforderung an die Brookfield-Viskosität bei -40ºC (Flüssigkeit für automatische Getriebe = automatic transmission fluid = ATF) vom derzeitigen Maximum von 50.000 cP auf 20.000 cP zu senken. Dieses Ziel läßt sich zwar durch Zusatz von leichten Mineralbasisölen zu den bei der Formulierung von ATF verwendeten Basisölen erreichen, es müssen jedoch erhebliche zusätzliche Mengen an einem Mittel zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex zugegeben werden, um die Viskosität bei hoher Temperatur zu erhöhen und die daraus resultierende schlechtere Scherstabilität der Flüssigkeit wettzumachen. Die Zugabe von zusätzlichem Mittel zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex ist wegen möglicher Probleme in bezug auf Verschleiß, Oxidation und Scherkraft bedenklich. Darüber hinaus stehen nicht allen ATF-Herstellern die leichten Mineralbasisöle zur Verfügung, die man braucht, um diese Eigenschaften bei niedrigen Temperaturen zu erzielen.
  • Die britische Patentschrift GB-A-2 057 494 beschreibt flüssige Zusammensetzungen für Zentralsysteme, die ein Kohlenwasserstoffbasisöl mit einem Dec-1-enoligomer und einer Erdölschmierfraktion sowie einen speziellen Typ eines Mittels zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex aus Polymethacrylat enthalten.
  • Diese Erfindung besteht aus der Entdeckung, daß es möglich ist, die vorstehenden Probleme zu vermeiden, indem man zusammen mit den bei der Formulierung von ATF-Zusammensetzungen verwendeten Mineralschmierölen eine bestimmte, nachstehend beschriebene Komponentenkombination zum Einsatz bringt.
  • Insbesondere hat sich herausgestellt, daß es möglich ist, ATF-Zusammensetzungen mit Brookfield-Viskositäten von 20.000 cP oder weniger herzustellen, ohne daß übermäßige Mengen an Mitteln zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex verwendet werden müssen, um die Viskosität bei hoher Temperatur zu erhöhen.
  • Erfindungsgemäß zur Verfügung gestellt wird in einer Ausführungsform eine Schmiermittelzusammensetzung, die besonders für die Verwendung als Flüssigkeit für automatische Getriebe geeignet ist und
  • a> 50 bis 85 Gew.-% eines Mineralöls mit einer Viskosität bei 100ºC im Bereich von 3 bis 5 cSt,
  • b> 5 bis 35 Gew.-% eines Poly-α-olefin-Schmieröls mit einer Viskosität bei 100ºC im Bereich von 1 bis 8 cSt und
  • c) 8 bis 15 Gew.-% einer Kombination aus einem Alkenylsuccinimid-Dispergiermittel, einem Mittel zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex und einem Antioxidans enthält,
  • wobei die Zusammensetzung außerdem dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß sie weniger als 7,0 Gew.-% des Mittels zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex enthält und eine Brookfield-Viskosität bei -40ºC von nicht mehr als 20.000 cP aufweist. Bevorzugt entspricht das Mineralschmieröl solcher Formulierungen einem Solvent 100 neutralen Mineralöl oder ist so gemischt, daß es Solvent 100 neutralem Mineralöl entspricht. Es können jedoch auch Mineralöle mit Viskositätseigenschaften verwendet werden, die denen von Solvent 100 neutralem Mineralöl vergleichbar sind oder sich in diesem Bereich bewegen.
  • Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht aus der Bereitstellung eines Additivkonzentrats, das in Mischung mit Solvent 100 neutralem Mineralöl besonders für die Verwendung bei der Herstellung einer Flüssigkeit für automatische Getriebe geeignet ist und a) ein Poly-α-olefin-Schmieröl mit einer Viskosität bei 100ºC im Bereich von 1 bis 5 cSt und b) eine Kombination aus einem Alkenylsuccinimid-Dispergiermittel, einem Mittel zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex und einem Antioxidans enthält, wobei das Konzentrat außerdem dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es weniger als 7,0 Gew.-% des Mittels zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex enthält und in Mischung mit 100 Solvent neutralem Mineralöl bei einer Konzentration von 20 bis 30 Gew.-% eine Zusammensetzung mit einer Brookfield-Viskosität bei -40ºC von nicht mehr als 20.000 cP bildet.
  • Bevorzugt weist das in den erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen verwendete Poly-α-olefin-Schmieröl eine Viskosität bei 100ºC von 2 bis 4 cSt auf.
  • In den erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen können verschiedene Alkenylsuccinimid-Dispergiermittel verwendet werden. Dazu gehören mit acyclischem Hydrocarbyl substituierte Succinimide, die mit verschiedenen in der Patentliteratur hinreichend offenbarten Ammen oder Aminderivaten gebildet werden (siehe z.B. US-A- 4,234,435). Die Verwendung von Alkenylsuccinimiden, die mit einer anorganischen Phosphorsäure (oder einem Anhydrid davon) und einem Borierungsmittel behandelt wurden, werden für die Verwendung in den erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen bevorzugt, da sie viel besser kompatibel mit elastomeren Dichtungen aus Substanzen wie Fluorelastomeren und siliciumhaltigen Elastomeren sind (siehe US-A-4,857,214). Aus Polyisobutenylbernsteinsäureanhydrid hergestellte Polyisobutenylsuccinimide und ein Alkylenpolyamin wie Triethylentetramin oder Tetraethylenpentamin, in denen der Polyisobutenylsubstituent von Polyisobuten mit einem zahlenmittleren Molekulargewicht im Bereich von 500 bis 5.000 (bevorzugt 8000 bis 2.500) abgeleitet ist, sind besonders gut geeignet, vor allem wenn sie wie in US-A-4,857,214 beschrieben mit Phosphor- und Borverbindungen behandelt werden. Die fertige ATF-Zusammensetzung enthält üblicherweise 1,5 bis 4,0 Gew.-% an solchen Dispergiermitteln.
  • Mittel zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex, die ebenfalls in den erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen enthalten sein können, sind unter anderem Substanzen wie Polymethacrylat-Polymere, Polyacrylat-Polymere, Styrol- Maleinsäureester-Copolymere und ähnliche polymere Substanzen einschließlich Homopolymere, Copolymere und Pfropfcopolymere. Wie vorstehend bereits ausgeführt, enthält die fertige ATF zusammensetzung normalerweise weniger als 7 Gew.-% des Mittels zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex.
  • Oxidationshemmende Mittel oder Stabilisierungsmittel, die sich für die erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen eignen, sind unter anderem Phenyl-α-naphthylamin, Phenyl-β-naphthylamin, Diphenylamin, bis-alkylierte Diphenylamine (z.B. p,p'-Bis(alkylphenyl)amine, in denen die Alkylgruppen jeweils 8 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatome enthalten), sterisch gehinderte Phenole (z.B. 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol oder 2-Methyl-2,6-di-tertbutylphenol) und Bisphenole (z.B. 4,4'-Methylenbis(2,6- di-tert-butylphenol)) u.ä. Typisch sind Mengen im Bereich von 0,1 bis 0,7 Gew.-% in der fertigen ATF- Zusammensetzung.
  • Die erfindungsgemäßen Additivkonzentrate enthalten das Dispergiermittel, Mittel zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex, ein oxidationshemmendes Mittel und Poly-α- olefinöl in einem solchen Verhältnis, daß bei Zugabe des Konzentrats in einer Konzentration von 12,0 bis 45,0 zu einem geeigneten Mineralöl die resultierende Flüssigkeit jeden der Inhaltsstoffe in der erwünschten Konzentration enthält. Natürlich ist es auch möglich, wenn auch weniger wünschenswert, die Komponenten getrennt oder in Unterkombinationen mit dem Mineralöl zu mischen.

Claims (7)

1. Schmiermittelzusammensetzung, die besonders für die Verwendung als Flüssigkeit für automatische Getriebe geeignet ist und
a) 50 bis 85 Gew.-% eines Mineralöls mit einer Viskosität bei 100ºC im Bereich von 3 bis 5 cSt,
b) 5 bis 35 Gew.-% eines Poly-α-olefin-Schmieröls mit einer Viskosität bei 100ºC im Bereich von 1 bis 8 cSt und
c) 8 bis 15 Gew.-% einer Kombination aus einem Alkenylsuccinimid-Dispergiermittel, einem Mittel zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex und einem Antioxidans enthält,
wobei die Zusammensetzung außerdem dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß sie weniger als 7,0 Gew.-% des Mittels zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex enthält und eine Brookfield-Viskosität bei 40ºC von nicht mehr als 20.000 cP aufweist.
2. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, in der das Mineralschmieröl ein Solvent 100 neutrales Mineralöl ist.
3. Additivkonzentrat, das in Mischung mit Solvent 100 neutralem Mineralöl besonders für die Verwendung bei der Herstellung einer Flüssigkeit für automatische Getriebe geeignet ist und a) ein Poly-α-olefin- Schmieröl mit einer Viskosität bei 100ºC im Bereich von 1 bis 8 cSt und b) eine Kombination aus einem Alkenylsuccinimid-Dispergiermittel, einem Mittel zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex und einem Antioxidans enthält, wobei das Konzentrat außerdem dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es weniger als 7, Gew.-% des Mittels zur Verbesserung des Viskositätsindex enthält und in Mischung mit 100 Solvent neutralem Mineralöl bei einer Konzentration von 20 bis 30 Gew.-% eine Zusammensetzung mit einer Brookfield-Viskosität bei -40ºC von nicht mehr als 20.000 cP bildet.
4. Zusammensetzung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, in der das Poly-α-Olefin-Schmieröl eine Viskosität bei 100ºC von 2 bis 4 cSt aufweist.
5. Zusammensetzung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, in der das Alkenylsuccinimid-Dispergiermittel ein Alkenylsuccinimid ist, das mit einer anorganischen Phosphorsäure oder einem Phosphorsäureanhydrid und einem Borierungsmittel behandelt wurde.
6. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 5, in der das Alkenylsuccinimid ein Polyisobutenylsuccinimid von Polyalkylenpolyamin ist.
7. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 6, in der das Polyalkylenpolyamin eine überwiegend aus Polyethylenpolyaminen bestehende Mischung ist, die in ihrer durchschnittlichen Zusammensetzung im allgemeinen Tetraethylenpentamin entsprechen.
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