DE2366381C2 - Verfahren zum kathodischen Härten der Oberfläche eines Werkstücks aus Metall oder einer Metallegierung mit einem Schmelzpunkt von über 700°C - Google Patents
Verfahren zum kathodischen Härten der Oberfläche eines Werkstücks aus Metall oder einer Metallegierung mit einem Schmelzpunkt von über 700°CInfo
- Publication number
- DE2366381C2 DE2366381C2 DE19732366381 DE2366381A DE2366381C2 DE 2366381 C2 DE2366381 C2 DE 2366381C2 DE 19732366381 DE19732366381 DE 19732366381 DE 2366381 A DE2366381 A DE 2366381A DE 2366381 C2 DE2366381 C2 DE 2366381C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- layer
- melt
- current density
- layers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 titanium halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 153
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 16
- ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;iron Chemical compound [Fe]#B ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241001233037 catfish Species 0.000 description 9
- 244000078856 Prunus padus Species 0.000 description 7
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FSDZRQFSRALZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Fe] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Fe] FSDZRQFSRALZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001163743 Perlodes Species 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004125 X-ray microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLLZTRMHNHVXJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetraiodide Chemical compound I[Ti](I)(I)I NLLZTRMHNHVXJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/08—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
- C25D9/10—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes on iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/02—Electroplating of selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/08—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
| Proben Nr. | 1-1 | 1-2 | 1-3 | M | 1-5 | 1-6 | 1-7 | 1-8 | i-y |
|
Stromdichte der Kathode
(A/cm2) |
0,01 | 0,03 | 0,05 | 0,1 | 0,5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| Behandlungszeit (Std.) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 7/60 | 7/60 | 5/60 | 5/60 |
|
Stärke der gebildeten
Schicht oder Schichten (μπι) |
7 | 10 | 20 | 18 | 22 | 5 | 20 | 23 | 40 |
| 0,1 | 0,25 | 1,0 |
| 4 | 8 | 4 |
| 10 | 20 | 30 |
| 0,05 | 0,1 | 1,0 |
| 2 | \ t\ t£.r\ 1 XJ/ UU |
|
| II | 9 | 2 |
| Tabelle IV | 4-1 | 4-2 | 4-3 | 4-4 | 4-5 | 4-6 | 4-7 | 4-8 | 4-9 | 4-10 | 4-11 |
| Probe Nr. | |||||||||||
| Behandlungs | |||||||||||
| bedingungen | 0,01 | 0,03 | 0,07 | 0,10 | 0,20 | 0,30 | 0,50 | 1,00 | 3,00 | 4,00 | 5,00 |
| Stromdichte | |||||||||||
| (A/cm2) | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5/60 |
| Behandlungszeit | |||||||||||
| (Std.) | |||||||||||
| gebildete Schicht | 12 | 15 | 30 | 45 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 20 | 20 | 60 | 22 |
| Stärke (μπι) | TiB2 | TiB2 | TiB2 | TiB2 | TiB2 | TiB2 | TiB2 | TiB2 | TiB2 | Fe2B | Fe2B |
| Oberschicht | TiC | TiC | TiC | TiC | TiC | TiC | TiC | TiC | TiC | - | - |
| Mittelschicht | Fe2B | Fe2B | Fe2B | Fe2B | Fe2B | Fe2B | Fe2B | Fe2B | Fe2B | _ | |
| Unterschicht | |||||||||||
Unterschicht
| 0,25 | 1 |
| 8 | 4 |
| 11 | 32 |
| TiC | TiB2 |
| Fe2B | TiC |
| Fe2B |
| Probe Nr. | 6-1 | 6-2 | 6-3 | 6^ | 6-5 | 6-6 | 6-7 |
| Behandlungsbedingungen | |||||||
| Stromdichte (A/cm2) | 0,01 | 0,05 | 0,1 | 0,5 | 1,0 | 3,0 | 5,0 |
| Behandlungszeit (Std.) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10/60 | 5/60 | 3/60 |
| geformte Schicht | |||||||
| Stärke (μίτι) | 18 | 20 | 26 | 33 | 6 | 8 | 20 |
| Oberschicht | TiB2 | TiB2 | TiB2 | TiB2 | TiC | TiC | Fe2B |
| Mittelschicht | TiC | TiC | TiC | TiC | Fe2B | Fe2B | - |
| Unterschicht | Fe2B | Fe2B | Fe2B | Fe2B | _ | _ | _ |
Die in Fig. 7 gezeigte Mikrophotographie stellt die auf der Probe 6-4 gebildete Schicht dar.
| Probe Nr. | 7-1 | 7-2 | 7-3 | 0,5 | 7-5 | 1,0 | 7-6 |
| Behandlungsbedingungen | 2 | 10/60 | |||||
| Stromdichte (A/cm2) | 0,01 | 0,05 | 0,1 | 5 | |||
| Behandlungszeit (Std.) | 2 | 2 | 2 | >17 | >19 | 5/60 | |
| gebildete Schicht | TiB2 | TiB2 | |||||
| Stärke (μπι) | 10 | 12 | 21 | TiC | TiC | > mehrere am | |
| Oberschicht | TiC | TiC | TiC | Fe2B | Fe2B | TiB2 | |
| Mittelschicht | Fe2B | Fe2B | Fe2B | TiC | |||
| Unterschicht | _ | _ | Fe2B | ||||
| Probe Nr. | 8-1 | 8-2 | 8-3 | 8-4 | 8-5 | 8-6 | 8-7 |
|
Behandlungsbedingungen
Stromdichte (A/cm2) Behandlungszeit (Std.) |
0,01
2 |
0,05
2 |
0,1
2 |
0,5
2 |
1
10/60 |
3
10/60 |
5
3/60 |
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10836072A JPS5232619B2 (de) | 1972-10-27 | 1972-10-27 | |
| JP11103372A JPS536941B2 (de) | 1972-11-06 | 1972-11-06 | |
| JP11103072A JPS536938B2 (de) | 1972-11-06 | 1972-11-06 | |
| JP7127673A JPS5226492B2 (de) | 1973-06-26 | 1973-06-26 | |
| JP7127773A JPS5226493B2 (de) | 1973-06-26 | 1973-06-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2366381C2 true DE2366381C2 (de) | 1986-01-16 |
Family
ID=27524307
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732366381 Expired DE2366381C2 (de) | 1972-10-27 | 1973-11-06 | Verfahren zum kathodischen Härten der Oberfläche eines Werkstücks aus Metall oder einer Metallegierung mit einem Schmelzpunkt von über 700°C |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2366381C2 (de) |
-
1973
- 1973-11-06 DE DE19732366381 patent/DE2366381C2/de not_active Expired
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| NICHTS-ERMITTELT * |
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| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8340 | Patent of addition ceased/non-payment of fee of main patent |