DE20021886U1 - Traction sheave elevator with a backpack-style elevator car - Google Patents

Description

Traction sheave elevator with one elevator car in backpack design

The invention relates to a traction sheave elevator with an elevator car that can be moved along guide rails, with a counterweight that is also guided on rails, with support means that are round in cross-section and to which the elevator car and the counterweight are suspended in a backpack design without deflection rollers, and with a drive formed by at least one motor, a traction sheave for the support means and a brake, which is arranged in the upper region of the elevator shaft between the shaft wall and the space that the elevator car requires in its uppermost position and/or in a vertical extension of this region, wherein the axis of the traction sheave is oriented approximately horizontally and at the same time parallel to the adjacent shaft wall and/or to the adjacent car wall.

Such a traction sheave elevator is known from the Japanese utility model publication JP 4-50 297. The advantage of this arrangement is that a separate machine room is not required for the drive of this elevator. Furthermore, the backpack construction is advantageous because it is inexpensive, since it requires relatively few parts and even no deflection sheaves. Furthermore, an arrangement of the traction sheave on a parallel to the

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The horizontal axis lying adjacent to the shaft wall provides favorable wrapping and guidance for the support means.

However, what is disadvantageous about this known arrangement is the relatively large space requirement of the entire drive, which in this known solution is caused by the fact that the axis of the drive motor is arranged at right angles to the axis of the traction sheave, so that a corresponding deflection gear is required.

Therefore, a traction sheave elevator in backpack design was already proposed in EP 0 631 967 A2, in particular claim 16,

™ in which the axis of the traction sheave and the motor are arranged at right angles to the adjacent shaft wall and the adjacent car wall and the entire drive unit is designed so flat that it fits into the space between the shaft wall and the car or vertical continuation of this area. However, deflection rollers are provided under the elevator car in a complex manner and without deflection rollers a relatively large shaft headroom would be required.

The task is therefore to create a traction sheave elevator of the type mentioned above, in which the advantages of a

^ of a pulley-less elevator in backpack design, in which the entire drive can be arranged within the elevator shaft and where the shaft head height above the uppermost position of the elevator car can be low.

To solve this seemingly contradictory task, the traction sheave elevator defined at the beginning is characterized by the fact that the axial length of the drive is greater than its diameter and that the motor and the traction sheave are arranged coaxially to each other. This results in a relatively slim, long drive unit, the diameter planes of which are arranged transversely or at right angles to the adjacent shaft wall, but which, due to its relatively small diameter, has a correspondingly

has a small space requirement and in particular also requires a relatively low height. Even when arranged in the shaft head, this drive only requires a small height there, so that the shaft head height can be kept low in the desired and advantageous way. In addition, usual parts and construction units of elevators in backpack design can be used, including the usual support means.

Although WO 99/43589 already discloses a relatively long

Drive machine in the upper area of the shaft is known, however ^ it is not a backpack-type elevator and above all special ropes, namely flat ropes or belts, are required as the support means so that sufficient tensile force is transmitted and yet the drive pulley can be designed with a relatively small diameter.

Due to the simple drive and its space-saving arrangement, it is advantageously possible for the suspension elements to be steel wire ropes with a nominal diameter of about 8 mm or less. This allows a correspondingly small diameter of the traction sheave and still the use of common wire ropes as

^ Support means, so that the usual known calculation methods can also be applied. This also contributes to providing an overall inexpensive, space-saving traction sheave elevator.

The diameter of the traction sheave can be about 36 cm or 32 cm or less. The torque requirement on the one hand and the space requirement on the other hand are correspondingly low.

The axial length of the drive can be at least twice as large, in particular about 2 1/2 times to 3 times or more larger than the diameter of the drive pulley. The entire drive is accordingly slim and its space requirement is correspondingly small

between the cabin and the shaft wall or, if applicable, in a vertical continuation of this distance between the cabin and the shaft wall.

The traction sheave can be arranged directly on the motor output and the drive can be designed without a gear. Since the torque requirement of the traction sheave can be kept low by the aforementioned measures, a gear can be dispensed with.

The axial length of the drive pulley can be selected so that it has space for at least five, in particular six, suspension elements or hoist ropes axially next to one another. This allows the transmission of correspondingly high load-bearing forces with a small traction pulley diameter, so that the elevator car can accommodate a satisfactory payload despite the small diameter of the suspension elements.

The slim, small-diameter design of the drive allows for different fastenings within the elevator shaft.

For example, to mount the drive in the

^ Elevator shaft two parallel and at least partially one

The drive can bridge the gap or space between the supports in the installed position. This provides good statics for the support of the drive and easy transfer of the forces it emits into the shaft walls, as the supports can be embedded with their ends in the shaft walls or, if sunk into the ceiling of the shaft, can be supported on these walls. Instead of engaging in wall openings, the supports can also be attached to brackets that are anchored to the shaft walls. In any case, the two parallel supports and the drive attached to these two supports result in a compact, inherently stable, rigid and simple

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Construction that also allows easy assembly.

The two spaced supports can therefore be connected to one another by the drive attached to them to form a structural unit, which is formed before or after assembly.

The supports used to hold the drive in the elevator shaft can be mounted approximately horizontally and parallel to the shaft wall immediately adjacent to the drive in the elevator shaft and fastening points or feet of the drive can be provided on the top

™ or on the underside or - in the case of profiled beams - on flanges or legs of these beams which are oriented essentially horizontally in cross-section in the position of use.

5 In particular, fastening to the top of the beams or to the top of flanges or legs provides a high level of safety because the force is applied by pressure.

A further embodiment of the invention may consist in that the feet or fastening points of the drive are connected to at least one plate or several cross struts, which in turn are in particular detachably attached to the supports, brackets or the like

_ are attached. This provides greater stiffening of this structural unit consisting of the drive and its attachment.

Cross connections can be provided to provide additional reinforcement for the supports that support the drive. This is particularly useful for relatively large elevator shafts with correspondingly long supports in order to improve reinforcement and load-bearing capacity.

A simplification of the assembly and possible disassembly can be achieved if at least one of the two supports can be moved parallel to itself and thus the distance between the two supports can be increased in such a way that the drive can be

can be moved between the supports during assembly or disassembly. A drive mounted on the supports can then either be pulled up over the supports from below or lowered between them. Conversely, a drive hanging under the supports can also be lowered from above between the supports that are initially moved apart and then assembled or pulled up between the supports during disassembly.

The diameter of the traction sheave can be equal to or smaller than its

axial dimension and in particular approximately half the axial length of the traction sheave. In this way, the

Traction sheave provides sufficient space for several load-bearing elements arranged next to one another, in particular round wire ropes with a relatively small diameter or cross-section, which are particularly advantageous in terms of their design and flexibility.

Another practical way of fastening the drive can be to fasten the drive with its fastening points directly or via one or more brackets to the shaft wall adjacent to the drive, in particular by means of anchors that engage approximately horizontally in this shaft wall. In this way, supports running across the shaft can be avoided.

However, it is also possible for the drive to be attached to or under a support and for additional support to be provided on the shaft wall and/or on at least one or two guide rails to prevent tipping. In this way, the drive can be attached or suspended inside the shaft and preferably in the space between the cabin and the shaft wall in a space-saving yet effective manner.

Overall, the drive can be conveniently attached directly or indirectly to the shaft wall(s), which is

The solution of the Japanese utility model publication 4-50997 has the advantage that the guide rails for the elevator car or the counterweights are not subjected to additional loads. However, it is also possible for the drive to be arranged on a support at the upper ends of the guide rails of the elevator car and/or the counterweight, in particular by means of supports and/or a plate, if, for example, supports, consoles or wall fastenings within the shaft are to be avoided.

Above all, when one or more of the features and measures described above are combined, a traction sheave elevator is created with a drive in the uppermost part of the elevator shaft, which requires only a small headroom there and yet, due to its slim design, can be easily accommodated between the cabin and the shaft wall or in the continuation of such a gap, so that the elevator cabin can also be moved in the upper area up to close to the ceiling of the shaft. At the same time, the advantageous backpack design is used, which requires few parts and is structurally simple, yet also allows a high load-bearing capacity.

Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. It shows in a partially schematic representation:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a traction sheave elevator according to the invention in backpack design, the elevator shaft being shown in longitudinal section and the drive in front view, the drive having a relatively small diameter in relation to its axial length and being arranged in the upper region of the shaft in a space whose width is slightly smaller than the clear distance between the shaft wall and the car wall immediately adjacent to it,

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Fig. 2 a cross-section of the elevator shaft with a top view of the cabin and its drive,

Fig. 3 shows in enlarged and diagrammatic representation the attachment of the drive to two parallel horizontal

Beams that are installed inside the shaft in its upper

Area parallel to the cabin wall and the adjacent

shaft wall,

Fig. 4 a modified embodiment of the fastening of the

Drive on two parallel supports, whereby the

™ fastening parts of the drive on facing

Attack the flanges of the beams,

Fig. 5 is a representation of a

further modified embodiment of the attachment of the drive to two parallel supports and

Fig. 6 a mounting of the drive on a bracket which is mounted on the shaft wall parallel to the cabin wall

partly anchored to its vertical area and partly to a wall recess.

A traction sheave elevator, designated as a whole by 1 or also called "elevator 1" for short, has an elevator car 2 which can be moved up and down in an elevator shaft 4 along guide rails 3 (omitted in Fig. 1 for the sake of simplicity but indicated in Fig. 2). In Fig. 1 one can also see a counterweight 5 which, like the elevator car 2, is guided on rails in a known manner and performs a movement in the opposite direction to the elevator car 2.

The elevator car 2 and the counterweight 5 are suspended from support elements 6 with a round cross-section, preferably wire ropes, without pulleys and in a backpack design.

For the movement of the elevator car 2, a drive, designated as a whole by 7, is provided, which is formed from a motor 8, a drive pulley 9 for the support means 6 and a brake 10 and is shown in particular in Figs. 3 to 6 also with regard to various fastening options within the elevator shaft 4.

According to Fig. 1, this drive 7 is located in the upper area of the elevator shaft 4 between the shaft wall 4a and the space required by the elevator car 2 in its uppermost position or in a vertical extension of this area. It can be seen in Fig.

' 1 clearly shows that this drive 7 is limited in its lateral extension to the clear distance between the shaft wall 4a and the immediately adjacent car wall 2a and can of course also maintain a safety distance from these walls. Thus, a relatively low shaft head above the uppermost position of the elevator car can be sufficient, although the elevator car 2 in Fig. 1 has not yet reached its uppermost position.

The central axis of the drive pulley 9 and thus also of the motor 8 is approximately horizontal and at the same time parallel to the adjacent

« Shaft wall and also oriented towards the adjacent cabin wall 2a.

In order for the drive 7 to fit into this space, it is designed to be relatively slim as shown in Figs. 2 to 6 and its axial length is greater than its diameter. Furthermore, the motor 8, the drive pulley 9 and, in the exemplary embodiment, the brake 10 are arranged coaxially to one another or one behind the other. For example, Fig. 3 shows that the axial length of the drive 7 is greater than the largest diameter of this drive 7.

The support means 6, which are expediently designed as steel wire ropes, can have a nominal diameter of about 8 mm or less, so that a relatively small diameter of the drive pulley 9 of, for example, about 36 cm or 3 2 cm or even less

which benefits the overall slim design of the entire drive 7.

The axial length of the drive 7 in the embodiment is more than twice as large, in particular approximately two and a half times to approximately three times or even several times larger than the already mentioned, relatively small diameter of the drive pulley 9. This leads to an elongated, slim shape of the drive 7 with a correspondingly small outer diameter, which in this way fits well into the clear space between the shaft wall 4a and the adjacent parallel car wall 2a and has a relatively small dimension

W of this distance or gap allowed.

The exemplary embodiments according to Fig. 2 to 6 also show that the drive pulley 9 is arranged directly on the output of the motor 8, whereby the entire drive 7 can be designed without a gear. This is therefore a simple, relatively light drive 7 that is therefore less susceptible to failure.

The axial length of the traction sheave 9 is chosen in the embodiment so that it has space for several suspension elements or hoist ropes 6 axially next to each other. For example, it can accommodate five or six or possibly even more such suspension elements 6 next to each other,

™ so that correspondingly large loads are also possible. However, the diameter of the traction sheave 9 is only approximately equal to or even smaller than its axial dimension and can, for example, be approximately half the axial length of the traction sheave 9. This is expedient because there is sufficient space in the axial direction to accommodate the drive 7 and its traction sheave 9, while this space in the transverse direction is limited by the fact that the distance between the cabin 2 and the shaft wall 4a should be as small as possible.

Especially in Fig. 3 to 6 different possibilities are shown how the drive 7 can be connected directly or indirectly to the

1 1

the shaft walls, be it the shaft walls 8a running transversely to the shaft wall 4a or also on the shaft wall 4a itself:

According to Fig. 3 to 5, two parallel supports 11 of different cross-sections, which at least in some areas have a clear distance between them, can be provided for fastening the drive 7 in the elevator shaft 4. The drive 7 bridges the distance or gap between these supports 11 in the mounted position and thereby contributes to the stiffening of this arrangement. These supports 11 can be below the

™ Shaft ceiling 12 run through the shaft 4 or be attached directly to the underside of the shaft ceiling 12 or even be completely or partially sunk into it. In a manner not shown in more detail 5, the ends of the supports can come to rest on the shaft walls 4b or engage in these shaft walls 4b in order to preferably introduce the forces absorbed by them into these shaft walls 4b. Figs. 3 to 5 make it clear that the two spaced apart supports 11, be they U-profiles according to Fig. 3 or double-T-beams according to Figs. 4 and 5, or other profiles, can be connected to one another by the drive 7 attached to them to form a structural unit which is formed before assembly or only after assembly in the shaft 4.

Fig. 3 shows an arrangement in which the supports 11 serving to hold the drive 7 can be mounted approximately horizontally and parallel to the shaft wall 4a immediately adjacent to the drive 7 in the elevator shaft 4, with the fastening points or feet 13 of the drive 7 engaging the top of these supports 11 so that the statics lead to a pressure load at this point. In this case, these supports 11 run at a distance below the shaft ceiling 12.

Fig. 4 and 5 show solutions in which the fastening points or feet 13 of the drive 7 are arranged on the cross-section essentially

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horizontally oriented lower flanges 11a of these supports 11, the drive 7 hanging downwards according to Fig. 4, while in Fig. 5 it is shown in a standing position on such flanges 11a.
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On the other hand, it would also be possible for the drive 7 to be screwed directly to the underside of the supports 11 or their flanges 11a.

In Fig. 5 it is simultaneously indicated that the feet or fastening points 13 of the drive 7 are connected to a plate 14

' which in turn is particularly detachably attached to the supports 11 or to a console or the like. This is useful when the distance between the supports 11 is too large for the width of the fastening point 13 on the drive 7. In addition, such an additional plate 14 can increase the rigidity and stability of the entire arrangement and also connect the two supports 11 even better to one another.

In Fig. 3 it is indicated that as additional stiffening of the supports 11 receiving the drive 7, cross connections 15 acting on these can be provided, which is particularly useful in the case of relatively long supports 11 which are dynamically loaded by the drive 7 and the movable cabin 2.

Fig. 6 shows an arrangement in which the drive 7 is attached with its fastening points 13 via a bracket 16 to the shaft wall 4a adjacent to the drive. The shaft wall 4a has a recess 17 in this area so that the bracket 16 can be anchored partly in this recess 17 with vertical screws 18, partly on the inside of the shaft wall 4a with horizontal screws 19 or other fastening elements. The recess 17 therefore makes it possible to achieve a very stable attachment of the bracket 16 and thus also of the drive 7 to the shaft wall.

The drive 7 is accessible from the outside of the shaft 4,

because the recess 17 is continuous. However, if necessary, a niche may also suffice as recess 17.

In a manner not shown in detail, the drive 7 could also be fastened on 5 or under only one support 11 in the manner shown in the figures with reference to two supports and additionally described, and an additional support could be provided on the shaft wall 4a and/or 4b and/or on at least one or both guide rails 3 to prevent tipping.

Finally, the drive 7 could also be arranged in a manner not shown in detail on one of the upper ends of the guide rails 3 of the elevator car 2 and/or the counterweight 5, for example by means of supports and/or a plate.

The traction sheave elevator 1 with an elevator car 2 that can be moved along guide rails 3, with a counterweight 5 that is also guided on rails and with support means 6 or hoist ropes that are round in cross-section, is designed in a backpack design, that is, the elevator car 2 and the counterweight 5 hang from the support means, which in turn are arranged on a traction sheave 9 of a drive 7 formed from a motor 8, traction sheave 9 and brake 10. This drive 7 is arranged in the upper area of the elevator shaft 4 between the immediately adjacent shaft wall 4a and the car 2 or between the shaft wall 4a and the space that the elevator car 2 requires in its uppermost position or in a vertical extension of this area. The axis of the traction sheave 9 runs approximately horizontally and at the same time parallel to the adjacent shaft wall 4a and the adjacent car wall 2a. The axial length of the drive 7 is greater than its diameter and the motor 8 and the drive pulley 9 are arranged coaxially to each other, so that an angle gear between the motor 8 and the drive pulley 9 can be avoided.

Expectations

Claims (17)

1. Traction sheave elevator ( 1 ) with an elevator car ( 2 ) which can be moved along guide rails ( 3 ), with a counterweight ( 5 ) which is also guided on rails, with support means ( 6 ) which are round in cross section and to which the elevator car ( 2 ) and the counterweight ( 5 ) are suspended in a backpack design without deflection rollers, and with a drive ( 7 ) formed from at least one motor ( 8 ), a traction sheave ( 9 ) for the support means ( 6 ) and a brake ( 10 ), which is arranged in the upper region of the elevator shaft ( 4 ) between the shaft wall ( 4a ) and the space which the elevator car ( 2 ) requires in its uppermost position, and/or in a vertical extension of this region, wherein the axis of the traction sheave ( 9 ) is approximately horizontal and at the same time parallel to the adjacent shaft wall ( 4a ) and/or to the adjacent car wall ( 2 a) is oriented, characterized in that the axial length of the drive ( 7 ) is greater than its diameter and that the motor ( 8 ) and the drive pulley ( 9 ) are arranged coaxially to one another. 2. Traction sheave elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that the support means ( 6 ) are steel wire ropes with a nominal diameter of about 8 mm or less. 3. Traction sheave elevator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameter of the traction sheave ( 9 ) is approximately 36 cm or 32 cm or less. 4. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the axial length of the drive ( 7 ) is at least twice as large, in particular about 2 1/2 to 3 times or several times larger than the diameter of the traction sheave ( 9 ). 5. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the traction sheave ( 9 ) is arranged directly on the output of the motor ( 8 ) and the drive ( 7 ) is in particular designed to be gearless. 6. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the axial length of the traction sheave ( 9 ) is selected such that it has space for at least five, in particular six, suspension means or hoist ropes ( 6 ) axially next to one another. 7. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the diameter of the traction sheave ( 9 ) is equal to or smaller than its axial dimension and in particular is approximately half the axial length of the traction sheave ( 9 ). 8. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the drive ( 7 ) is attached directly or indirectly to the shaft wall(s) ( 4a , 4b ). 9. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that for fastening the drive ( 7 ) in the elevator shaft ( 4 ) two parallel supports ( 11 ) are provided which have a clear distance between them at least in some areas and the drive ( 7 ) bridges the distance or gap between the supports ( 11 ) in the mounted position. 10. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the two spaced-apart supports ( 11 ) are connected to one another to form a structural unit by the drive ( 7 ) attached to them. 11. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the supports ( 11 ) serving to hold the drive ( 7 ) are mounted in the elevator shaft ( 4 ) approximately horizontally and parallel to the shaft wall ( 4a ) immediately adjacent to the drive ( 7 ) and that fastening points or feet ( 13 ) of the drive ( 7 ) are fastened to the top or bottom or - in the case of profiled supports - to flanges ( 11a ) or legs of these supports ( 11 ) which are oriented essentially horizontally in cross section in the use position. 12. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the feet or fastening points ( 13 ) of the drive ( 7 ) are connected to at least one plate ( 14 ) or in particular several cross struts, which in turn are in particular detachably fastened to the supports ( 11 ), brackets or the like. 13. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that cross connections ( 15 ) engaging on the supports ( 11 ) receiving the drive ( 7 ) are provided as additional stiffening. 14. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that at least one of the two supports ( 11 ) can be displaced parallel to itself and thereby the distance between the two supports ( 11 ) can be increased such that the drive ( 7 ) can be moved through between the supports ( 11 ) during assembly or disassembly. 15. Traction sheave elevator according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the drive ( 7 ) is fastened with its fastening points ( 13 ) directly or via one or more brackets ( 16 ) to the shaft wall ( 4a ) adjacent to the drive, in particular by means of anchors engaging approximately horizontally in this shaft wall. 16. Traction sheave elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive ( 7 ) is fastened on or under a support ( 11 ) and an additional support is provided on the shaft wall ( 4a , 4b ) and/or on at least one or two guide rails ( 3 ) to prevent tipping. 17. Traction sheave elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive ( 7 ) is arranged on one of the upper ends of the guide rails ( 3 ) of the elevator car ( 2 ) and/or the counterweight ( 5 ), in particular by means of supports ( 11 ) and/or a plate ( 14 ).