CN1217039A - Floor Paving System - Google Patents

Abstract

A floor covering system comprising at least one plate-shaped floor covering (1) which can be moved or driven on and which is made of high-strength concrete and is provided with a plurality of vertical channels (2) for the passage of surface water, wherein the channels (2) have an inlet section (4) which tapers in the channel direction (3) in the form of a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid and is adjoined by an outlet section (5) which has a constant or increasing cross section, wherein a filter element (10) made of a porous material which is in the form of a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid is inserted into the inlet section (4).

Description

Floor Paving System

The invention relates to a floor covering system having at least one slab-shaped floor covering on which it can be walked or driven, in particular made of high-strength concrete, the floor covering is provided with a plurality of means for passing surface water vertical channel.

Known floor covering systems of this type either plant vegetation in the channels, or at least allow vegetation to grow in the channels, with the result that, despite achieving an excellent drainage of surface water, practically no level ground is provided.

The object of the present invention is to provide a ground paving system of the type mentioned at the outset, which is suitable for extremely abrasive applications, such as aircraft landing pads, providing a wide flat surface, but unimpeded by ground water into the ground. This object is achieved with a ground paving system of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that, according to the invention, the passages each have a frusto-conical or frusto-pyramidal tapering inlet section in the direction of the passage , adjoining the inlet section is an outlet section whose cross-section remains constant or gradually increases, wherein a truncated cone or truncated pyramid-shaped filter element made of porous material is inserted in the inlet section.

The ground paving system of the present invention has extremely strong bearing capacity, provides a flat surface, and can realize good drainage of ground water. The conical or pyramid-shaped construction of the filter element resists the weight load from above and the pressure load from the piping system below, and prevents ground heave.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the filter element has at least one blind hole extending vertically upwards from its underside. The blind holes have an additional drainage effect in the porous filter material.

According to a preferred solution, it is provided that the outlet section follows the inlet section with a stepped increase in cross-section, thereby forming an inner step, at this time, the above-mentioned filter element is provided on its reduced end with a recess in the insertion channel. An outwardly protruding locking flange or several outwardly protruding locking protrusions etc. are locked on the back of the above-mentioned inner step in the state. The filter element can then be pushed into the through opening from above and anchored there with a snap-in engagement.

It is particularly advantageous that the above-mentioned filter element has a microporous filter layer with a thickness of 3-10% of its total thickness and a macroporous filter layer with a thickness of 97-90% of its total thickness as viewed along the channel direction . This type of filter is known per se from AT-PS400960 and exhibits an excellent filtering effect; solid matter contained in the surface water is only small enough to a certain particle size to enter the microporous filter layer; however, once the solid matter enters the filter layer, the filter element is not clogged due to the increase in voids in the underlying filter layer, but is drained. Contaminants in the surface water, such as oil or gasoline, are absorbed in the filter to a certain extent and are recovered during biodegradation; the porosity of the material also allows the filter to self-vent.

It is particularly advantageous if the filter element is made of porous plastic, in particular of interconnected plastic parts, especially plastic spheres. This type of filter element is mechanically stable and its porosity can be precisely controlled over a wide range.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, transversely extending grooves for draining water and/or introducing air are provided on the underside of the above-mentioned floor covering below the openings of the channels. Through these grooves, on the one hand, filtered surface water can be drained away, and on the other hand, for example, hot air can be introduced into the channels, so that, for example, in the event of snowfall or icing, the top of the paving system can be melted away.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the above-mentioned channels present a periodic surface pattern, in particular a reticular distribution, on the flooring element, which facilitates manufacture.

Another aspect of the present invention is directed to providing a filter element for use in the above-mentioned floor covering system. The filter element according to the invention is characterized by a frustoconical and frustopyramidal body of porous material having at least one blind hole extending axially parallel inwards from its tapered end face. Preferably, the filter element is provided with an outwardly protruding peripheral flange, several outwardly protruding locking projections, etc. on its reduced end, and, particularly advantageously, the filter element The direction of taper has a microporous filter layer with a thickness of 3-10% of its total thickness followed by a macroporous filter layer with a thickness of 97-90% of its total thickness. Utilizing these features can realize the advantages discussed above in connection with the floor paving system.

In the following, the invention will be described in detail with the aid of an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the floor covering system of the present invention from above, and Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are respectively partial cross-sectional views of the first and second embodiments of the floor covering system according to the present invention, And, FIG. 4 is an enlarged axial sectional view of the filter element in the embodiment of FIG. 3 .

According to FIGS. 1 and 2, the floor covering system comprises a plate-shaped floor covering 1 made of high-strength concrete, which is provided with a plurality of vertical channels 2 arranged in a network for the passage of surface water. Seen in the channel direction (arrow 3), each channel 2 has a frusto-conical tapered inlet section 4, which can also be frusto-pyramidal, and an outlet section 5 adjoins the inlet section 4, which The cross section remains the same, or gradually increases as shown in the figure. On the underside of the flooring element 1 , below the opening 6 of the channel 2 , there is provided a laterally extending drainage channel 7 for draining away water (indicated at 8 ). The drainage channel 7 is made, for example, of a U-shaped metal profile. Via the drainage channel 7, hot air can also be introduced into the channel 2 in the direction of the arrow 9 in order to melt snowfall and frozen ice that falls on the paving system.

Inserted in the inlet section 4 of each channel 2 is a frustoconical or truncated pyramidal filter element 10 made of porous material. The filter element 10 is preferably made of porous plastic, in particular interconnected, eg fused together, plastic spheres. For drainage, it has a blind hole 11 extending vertically upwards from its underside (FIG. 4). Instead of the central blind hole 11 it is also conceivable to provide a plurality of axially parallel blind holes for drainage.

The filter element 10 has a double-layer structure. Viewed along the channel direction 3, it consists of a microporous filter layer 12 and a subsequent macroporous filter layer 13. The microporous filter layer 12 is the same as the rest of the filter element. The specific thickness is quite thin, about 3-10% of the total thickness of the filter element 10, and the thickness of the large-pore filter layer 13 is about 97-90% of the total thickness of the filter element 10. Alternatively, the filter element 10 can also have a multilayer structure, wherein the net flow cross section of the individual layers increases layer by layer in the channel direction 3 .

Figures 3 and 4 show a specific embodiment of the ground paving system and filter element, which differs from the embodiment shown in Figure 2 in the following points. Here, the outlet section 5 of the channel 2 follows the inlet section 4 with a stepped increase in cross section, so that an inner step 14 is formed, and the filter element 10 is provided at its tapered end with a An outwardly protruding snap-in lug 15 engages behind the inner step 14 when the filter element 10 is inserted into the inlet section 4 (during installation). Instead of the latching flange 15 , for example, several latching projections distributed along the circumference and protruding outwards can also be provided.

Obviously, a plurality of floor covering elements 1 can be joined together to form a larger floor paving system, or the entire floor paving system consists of one integral floor covering elements made of cast-in-place concrete slabs, which Can be smooth, or rough or ribbed in order to affect sliding friction. Channels 2 can be arranged in any density, configuration, shape and size. The filter element 10 may not be made of plastic, for example, it may be made of single-grain concrete or multi-grain concrete, a porous asphalt mixture, or the like. As known to those skilled in the art, the outlet section 5 can have any cross-sectional shape, and the shape of the drainage groove 7 can also be arbitrary, as long as they can complete the functions of draining water and introducing air.

Claims (10)

1. ground surface consolidation system, it has at least one and can walk in the above or travel, particularly with the tabular flooring layer spare (1) of strong concrete system, this flooring layer spare is provided with many vertical channels (2) that are used to flow through surface water, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned passage (2) has an entrance (4) that attenuates along channel direction (3) frustum of a cone or truncated pyramid shape, what join with it is the outlet section (5) that a cross section remains unchanged or increases gradually, wherein, in entrance (4), insert the filtration members made from porous material (10) of a frustum of a cone and frusta-pyramidal.

2. ground surface consolidation system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned filtration members (10) has at least one blind hole of extending vertically upward from its downside (11).

3. ground surface consolidation system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned outlet section (5) is connected on above-mentioned entrance (4) afterwards under the situation of the stepped increase of cross section, thereby form an interior step (14), in this case, above-mentioned filtration members (10) is being provided with under the state that is inserting in the passage kayser in an outwardly directed kayser flange (15) of above-mentioned interior step (14) back, some outwardly directed kayser projectioies etc. on its end that diminishes.

4. as the described ground surface consolidation system of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned filtration members (10) sees that along channel direction (3) having a layer thickness is the filtration beds (13) of the macropore of its gross thickness 97-90% for the filtration beds (12) of the micropore of its gross thickness 3-10% and a layer thickness of following.

5. as the described ground surface consolidation system of one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned filtration members (10) with porous plastics, especially with the interconnection working of plastics particularly baton round make.

6. as the described ground surface consolidation system of one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: on the downside of above-mentioned flooring layer spare (1), under the aperture (6) of passage (2), be provided with the groove (7) that is used to drain water and/or imports the horizontal expansion of air.

7. as the described ground surface consolidation system of one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned passage (2) is the periodic surface pattern, especially is netted branch on flooring layer spare (1).

8. filtration members that is used for as the described ground surface consolidation system of one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that a frustum of a cone made from porous material or the object of frusta-pyramidal, it has at least one from the parallel blind hole that extends internally of its end face axial that diminishes (11).

9. filtration members as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: it is provided with an outwardly directed periphery flange (14), some outwardly directed kayser projectioies etc. on its end that diminishes.

10. filtration members as claimed in claim 8 or 9 is characterized in that: it sees that along its tapered direction (3) having a layer thickness is the filtration beds (13) of the macropore of its gross thickness 97-90% for the filtration beds (12) of the micropore of its gross thickness 3-10% and a layer thickness of following.

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