MX2010010292A - Sistema de formacion de imagenes para la reflectancia combinada de color completo y formacion de imagenes cercanas al infrarrojo. - Google Patents
Sistema de formacion de imagenes para la reflectancia combinada de color completo y formacion de imagenes cercanas al infrarrojo.Info
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- MX2010010292A MX2010010292A MX2010010292A MX2010010292A MX2010010292A MX 2010010292 A MX2010010292 A MX 2010010292A MX 2010010292 A MX2010010292 A MX 2010010292A MX 2010010292 A MX2010010292 A MX 2010010292A MX 2010010292 A MX2010010292 A MX 2010010292A
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Abstract
Un sistema de formación de imágenes para la adquisición de NIR e imágenes de color completo incluye una fuente de luz que proporciona luz visible y luz NIR para un área bajo observación, tal como tejido viviente, una cámara que tiene uno o más detectores de imágenes configurados para detectar separadamente la luz de reflectancia azul, la luz de reflectancia verde y la luz de reflectancia roja combinada/luz NIR detectada regresada del área bajo la observación. Un controlador en la comunicación de señal con la fuente de luz y la cámara se configura para controlar la fuente de luz para iluminar continuamente el área bajo observación con luz de iluminación azul/verde temporalmente continua y con luz de iluminación roja y luz de excitación NIR. Al menos una de la luz de iluminación roja y la luz de excitación NIR se encienden y apagan periódicamente en sincronización con la adquisición de imágenes de luz roja y NIR en la cámara.
Description
ISTEMA. DE FORMACION DE IMAGENES PARA LA REFLECTA I ADA DE COLOR COMPLETO Y FORMACIÓN DE IMÁGENES C
AL INFRARROJO
Campo de la Invención
a invención se dirige a la formación de s, en particular a un sistema y método para es de luz visible e imágenes de luz cerc rojo de un área bajo observación, tal como te, y en particular para el uso en la endoscopia.
Antecedentes de la Invención
a formación de imágenes cercanas al infrarrojo scrito en la literatura para diversas apli
I
as. Típicamente tal modalidad de la forma es utiliza un agente de contraste (por ejemplo docianina) que absorbe y/o tiene fluorescencia
itivos de formación de imágenes NIR endo mente incluyen múltiples modos de formación de una característica práctica. Por ejempl opistas utilizan color de espectro visible tanto ización como para la navegación, y un dispos ión de imágenes endoscopicas que ofrece una form es NIR típicamente proporciona una imagen d rente. Tales dispositivos de formación de rentes se pueden hacer, por ejemplo, como sigue: na configuración convencional utiliza la se spectral de la luz visible y la luz NIR, con se magen de color completo y NIR adquiridas ut etectores separados para las diferentes spectrales NIR y de color (por ejemplo rojo, zul) o un solo detector de colores con un
etector o compromete la resolución de la image n el mismo detector, se dedican pixeles especif etector para la formación de imágenes NIR mien tros se utilizan para la formación de imágenes d tra configuración convencional utiliza un solo e imágenes monocromáticas para la formación de ecuenciales de luz visible y NIR. El objeto se ecuencialmente por este medio con luz en las spectrales roja, verde, azul y NIR, con cua mágenes separados adquiridos para cada banda esp mágenes de color compuesto y NIR generadas a p os cuadros de imágenes adquiridos. Sin embar etodología, donde se adquieren secuencialmente e imágenes en diferentes tiempos, puede rtefactos de movimiento objetable (es deci
"
ienen un rango dinámico grande (> 10 bitios), I e esta manera el tamaño y/o la resolución de la or consiguiente, seria deseable proporcionar un método para la adquisición simultánea de imágene y luz visible de color completo, que obv tajas anteriormente mencionadas y no compróm ción de la imagen y/o introduzcan artefa ento objetable.
Breve Descripción de la Invención
e acuerdo con un aspecto de la invención, un mét quisición de imágenes NIR e imágenes de color e las etapas de iluminar un área bajo observa zul/verde continua, e iluminar el área bajo obs z roja y luz NIR, en donde al menos una de la lu z NIR se enciende y apaga periódicamente. La l
smo se entrega y despliega una imagen NIR a part IR.
e acuerdo con otro aspecto de la invención, un rmación de imágenes para la adquisición de imá completo y NIR incluye una fuente de luz que pro isible y luz NIR para un área bajo observa que tiene uno o más detectores de imágenes conf etectar separadamente la luz azul y verde, y la . combinadas regresada del área bajo observado lador en la comunicación de señal con la fuente mara. El controlador se configura para contr de luz para iluminar continuamente el tejido erde e iluminar el área bajo observación con lu IR, en donde al menos una de la luz roja y la lu de y apaga periódicamente en sincronización
tir de éstas una imagen de luz visible de color rea bajo observación. El despliegue también r ente espectral de luz NIR separadamente deterr ga a partir de éste una imagen NIR del á vación .
l sistema de formación de imágenes en vid zar un cámara a color de tres detectores configur r imágenes continuamente de las bandas de onda y formar imágenes intermitentemente de la banda proporcionando de esta manera información ua, de alta calidad y una croma completa suficie ua para producir imágenes en video de alta cal bajo observación, tal como tejido viviente. En uración, el detector de imágenes rojas s lexar en tiempo para adquirir imágenes tanto ro
separar y procesar apropiadamente las señales d antes .
as modalidades de la invención pueden incluir u S siguientes características. El área bajo observ iluminar de manera alternable con luz roja y luz la duración de la luz roja puede ser difer iblemente de mayor tiempo que, la duración ación con la luz NIR. La iluminación se puede ocidades de cuadros o campo de video .
os campos capturados por el detector de imágen n del componente espectral de luz roja o del co ral de luz NIR se pueden interpolar a partir d mágenes temporalmente adyacentes que incl ente espectral de luz roja o un componente espe IR correspondiente. En una modalidad, el co
ador y el área bajo observación para tr ralmente luz de azul/verde continua y luz roja y raímente discontinuas.
n otra modalidad, la fuente de luz puede in ador que emite una intensidad sustancialmente c z visible y luz NIR sobre un rango espectral c ros medios dicroicos para separar la luz visib luz azul/verde y roja y luz NIR, medios de o transformar la luz roja y la luz NIR separada temporalmente discontinua y luz NIR discont os medios dicroicos para combinar la luz azul/v oja temporalmente discontinua y la luz NIR tempo tinua para la transmisión al área bajo observaci n aún otra modalidad, la fuente de luz puede in iluminador que emite una intensidad sustanc
ir encendiendo y apagando eléctricamente el ador y el tercer iluminador.
os detectores de imágenes pueden emplear una exp azada o una exploración progresiva.
l sistema de formación de imágenes puede in opio .
Breve Descripción de los Dibujos
as siguientes figuras representan ciertas mod ativas de la invención que se deben entend ativas de la invención y no como limitativas .
a FIGURA 1 muestra un sistema endoscópico de acu dalidad de la invención;
as FIGURAS 2a-2d muestran varias modalidades ej fuente de luz multi-modo a ser utilizada con el
La FIGURA 4 muestra un cronograma de una idad para la iluminación continua con luz verd nación alternante con luz roja/NIR;
La FIGURA 5 muestra un cronograma de una idad para la iluminación continua con luz verd nación alternante con luz roja/NIR;
La FIGURA 6 muestra un cronograma de una idad para la iluminación continua con luz verde inación alternante con luz roja; y
a FIGURA 7 muestra un detector CMOS ejemplar q de formación de imágenes apiladas y la sens tral correspondiente de estas capas.
Descripción de Ciertas Modalidades Ilustradas as imágenes en video a color generalmente se ámaras a color de tres detectores donde los d
Para entender la importancia relativa de la in ial y de color en las imágenes en video de tejido embargo, es útil considerar la información e nes en video en términos de luma y croma. La re a la información de brillo en la imagen y ación la que proporciona el detalle espacial que servador reconocer formas. La resolución esp ral de la luma es consecuentemente crucial ción de la calidad de la imagen en video. La re a la información de color en la imagen en v ropiedad de la visión humana caracterizada en ciones de detalle fino en la croma de las caracte imagen no se perciben fácilmente y que tales var onsecuentemente menos criticas que las variac le fino en la luma, en una evaluación global de
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oja que logra alcanzar el ^detector de imágene n es conocido a partir de la ciencia del colo humana recibe la mayoría de la información es de la porción verde del espectro visible, es d ación de la luz verde contribuye desproporcionad ía. La fórmula estándar para calcular la luma a p mponentes de color corregidos por gama es Y' = 0 152 G' + '0.0722 B' . Por esta razón, la inter al y/o temporal del componente rojo de las imá de tejido humano no afecta significativam ción de detalle fino en esas imágenes.
e modo semejante a la luz roja, la luz NIR irse en el tejido causando que las característic NIR se definan difusamente, en vez de agu , debido a que la imagen NIR resalta las á
a FIGURA 1 muestra esquemáticamente una m ar de un sistema 10 de formación de ópicas NIR que incluye una fuente 11 de luz mu roporciona tanto iluminación NIR como visible, c endoscopio 12 por medio de una guia de iluminac o un cable 17 de fibra óptica, adecuado isión tanto de iluminación NIR como de color, un color, ilustrada aquí como teniendo tres di ores 34, 36, 38 (vea la FIGURA 3a) para la form es azules, verdes y rojas/NIR, respectivamente, guia de imágenes del endoscopio, y un controlad mara conectado a la cámara 13 y a la fuente 11 controlar y sincronizar la iluminación y la adq ágenes. El controlador 14 también puede proc es NIR y visibles adquiridas para el desplieg
cialmente continua. La fuente de luz puede a de arco, una lámpara de halógeno, una o más fu sólido (por ejemplo, LEDs, láseres semiconduc ier combinación de los mismos y se puede £ mar espectralmente (por ejemplo con filtros de filtros IR, etcétera) . El espectro continuo ir como colores primarios (RGB) ya sea concurre encialmente , por ejemplo, utilizando una rueda d rio .
n los sistemas de acuerdo con la presente invenc s de luz a ser utilizadas con el sistema de la i critas en detalle a continuación se configur cionar iluminación continua, ininterrumpida azules y verdes del espectro visible y luz roja tinua. Las partes azules y verdes del espectro
n de luz visible y NIR, un lente 204 de colimac de filtro o sujetador 208 de filtro reciproc ite alternantemente luz roja y NIR y que t uamente luz verde y azul. Alternativamente, ar un filtro electro-óptico o acusto-óptico aj filtrada se enfoca por el lente 206 sobre la gu
tra modalidad de una fuente 11b de luz se áticamente en la FIGURA 2b. La fuente 11b de luz uminador 202 que produce emisión de luz visible te 204 de colimación. Un espejo 212 dicroico t z verde/azul y refleja la luz roja/NIR a otro es co que transmite la luz NIR al espejo 215 NIR y Z roja, o viceversa. La luz verde/azul se puede nalmente por paso de banda por el filtro 213.
ce emisión de luz verde y azul que se colima por de colimación. Asimismo, iluminadores 202 ados producen emisiones de luz roja y NIR respect oliman por los lentes 204b y 204c de c spondientes . Como" en la modalidad de la FIGURA 2b y NIR se pulsa o se vuelve monocromática, por as ruedas pulsantes 219a, 219b (que también s nar en una sola rueda pulsante) para producir ilu ralmente discontinua, que posteriormente se com uminación verde/azul por los espejos 222, 228 di z combinada se enfoca entonces por el lente 206
17 de luz, como antes.
n aún otra modalidad de una fuente lid riáticamente ilustrada en la FIGURA 2d, un ilumina ce emisión de luz verde y azul que se colima por
ación roja y NIR se colima por los lentes 204b y ción correspondientes y se combina con la ilu /azul por los espejos 222, 228 dicroicos. ada se enfoca entonces por el lente 206 sobre la , como antes.
a iluminación roja y NIR alternante se sincroniz ición de imágenes de la cámara de tres detect as imágenes rojas y NIR se adquieren por l namente con la iluminación roja y NIR del endosc a FIGURA 3a muestra en más detalle la cámara 13 ores de la FIGURA 1, en particular el divisor utilizado para dirigir la luz roja/NIR, verde res diferentes detectores 34, 36 y 38 de i tivamente. Para las aplicaciones de fluorescen mara preferiblemente también incluye un filtr
ite las otras longitudes de onda en el rango e e y NIR. La característica de transmisión de est puede diseñar para bloquear también las longi IR indeseadas que interfieren con el espectro eden degradar la imagen de color.
a FIGURA 4 muestra un cronograma para una dad ejemplar de un modo de formación de imá y NIR simultánea utilizando, por ejemplo, una c detectores. En esta modalidad, los detectores utilizan un formato de lectura entrelaz enta una combinación ventajosa de resolución es al para suavizar el despliegue del mov iera de las fuentes de luz ilustradas en la FIGU puede utilizar con esta modalidad. La fuente ciona iluminación azul/verde continua e iluminac
ro completo (RGB) durante dos periodos del cam con GB y NIR durante un tercer periodo del cam truir la imagen visible de color compl ación de rojo faltante se interpola entre lo ntes al campo con la iluminación NIR. La inform azul y verde siempre está disponible, propor onsiguiente información de luma óptima y cont NIR se genera a partir de cada sexto campo cuadro, en donde las líneas faltantes se in aímente . Cuando se despliega el campo de flúore agen se actualiza cada tres campos, con la gada interpolada entre las líneas pares e impare n todas las figuras, se utiliza el término "IR" e forma intercambiable con "NIR".
na vez que se han procesado los datos de imagen
mara utilizan un formato de lectura del det ación progresiva en donde un cuadro complet ando con G/B/NIR) se lee durante cada periodo de iera de las fuentes de luz ilustradas en las FI se puede utilizar con esta modalidad. La fuent ciona iluminación azul/verde continua e iluminac alternante. En el cronograma de la FIGURA 5, un ampo (16.7 ms) proporciona la iluminación NIR, periodo del campo (16.7 ms) de iluminación roj era diferente, la muestra o tejido se ilumina c ectro completo (RGB) durante un periodo del cam con GB y NIR durante un tercer periodo del c caso, una imagen de color de espectro visible disponible en cada pixel, en cada otro cuadro, s alternos, la información de azul y verde se
a la iluminación roja. Como en la modalidad de l dios cuadros se exponen de manera alternable ores de imágenes, es decir, un primer camp ) con lineas pares alternando con un segun cuadro) con lineas impares. En el cronogram 6 que representa una velocidad de cuadros com s, un periodo del campo (16.7 ms ) proporciona ilu +GB) (iluminación roja apagada) , seguido por dos ampo (33.3 ms) de (NIR +RGB) . Si la señal de im queña en comparación con la señal reflejada rá significativamente la imagen visible global ( que la imagen de color se puede generar samiento convencional de imágenes de col ción. De otra manera la contribución NIR obteni de imagen roja cuando se apaga la iluminación
s) , la iluminación verde/azul asi como la ilu on continuas, mientras que se modula la iluminac esquema de temporizacion se puede aplicar mejor s de imágenes rojas y NIR tienen aproximada magnitud. En esta modalidad, la fuente ciona iluminación ininterrumpida con espectro to e iluminación intermitente con luz NIR. El er ncialmente el mismo que aquel representado en l la iluminación NIR y roja conmutada. La ilumina itente se sincroniza para coincidir con cada 3 as cámaras entrelazadas y con cada otro campo s de exploración progresiva. Para cada campo e ciona la iluminación NIR, el detector de imágen irá una señal de imagen (R+NIR) . La señal de im ede extraer de la señal de imagen (R+NIR)
resultante y la información de imagen NIR s gar o registrar entonces como se describe anteri n cualquiera de las modalidades anter nadas, el sistema de formación de imágenes endo ambién se puede operar tal que las fuentes cionen iluminación continua con ya sea el e completo o el espectro NIR y la cámara adq de color o la imagen NIR correspondiente (absor scencia) en una manera continua para proporci resolución espacial. La imagen en video resul ier modo individual de iluminación/formación de o NIR- se puede desplegar y/o r uientemente .
mplementando la formación de imágenes de colo se describe en las modalidades anteriormente menc
tes (rojo/NIR) con mínimo tiempo de proce nal .
ientras que la invención se ha descrito con re odalidades preferidas mostradas y descritas en modificaciones .y mejoras sobre las mismas se ente aparentes para aquellos expertos en el a o, en lugar de utilizar detectores de imágenes s G/B y R/NIR, o un solo detector de color es RGB y las imágenes de fluorescencia NIR, ar un solo detector de imágenes RGB de tres o con un diseño de pixeles apilados impleme ogia CMOS y comercialmente disponible a pa , Inc., San José, CA. Tal detector se áticamente en la FIGURA 7. Se entenderá que est etector se puede extender a cuatro colores agreg
nes de fluorescencia.
ientras que la invención se ha ilustrado y desc eto, a las modalidades actualmente preferidas mos itas en detalle, no pretende estar limitada les mostrados debido a que se pueden hacer icaciones y cambios estructurales sin desviarse del espíritu y alcance de la presente invenc idades se seleccionaron y describieron para expl ipios de la invención y la aplicación práct itar por consiguiente a una persona experta en e zar mejor la invención y las diversas modalid S modificaciones según sea conveniente para ular contemplado.
o que se reivindica como novedoso y que s er por la Letra Patente se establece
Claims (1)
- REIVINDICACIONES . Un método para la adquisición de imágenes completo, caracterizado en que comprende las eta luminar continuamente un área bajo observación erde, luminar el área bajo observación con luz roja y de al menos una de la luz roja y la luz NIR se a periódicamente, irigir la luz de reflectancia azul y verde y l tancia roja combinada/luz NIR detectada a un ores configurados para detectar separadamente l tancia azul, la luz de reflectancia verde, y l tancia roja/luz NIR detectada, en donde la tancia roja/luz NIR detectada se dete nización con la luz roja y luz NIR conmutadas, eterminar a partir de las señales de imagen de l ral de luz NIR detectada. . El método de la reivindicación 1, caracterizad a bajo observación se ilumina alternantemente co luz NIR. . El método de la reivindicación 2, caracterizad uración de tiempo de la iluminación de luz nte de una duración de tiempo de la iluminació . El método de la reivindicación 3, caracterizad ración de tiempo de la iluminación de luz roja duración de tiempo de la iluminación de luz NIR. . El método de la reivindicación 2, caracterizad uración de tiempo de la iluminación de luz cialmente idéntica a una duración de tiempo ación de luz NIR. . El método de la reivindicación 1, caracterizad . El método de la reivindicación 2, caracterizad ampos de imagen que carecen del componente espe reflectancia roja o del componente espectral de ada se interpolan a partir de campos de aímente adyacentes que incluyen un componente e z de reflectancia roja o un componente espectra tectada correspondiente. 0. El método de la reivindicación 7, caracter componente espectral de luz NIR obtenido en la luminación de luz roja se sustrae de la tancia roja combinada/luz NIR detectada para ob ente espectral separado de luz de reflectancia r 1. El método de la reivindicación 1, caracter a información espacial del área bajo observa primordialmente de la luz de reflectancia azul reflectancia verde. gurados para detectar separadamente la ctancia azul, la luz de reflectancia verde, y l ctancia roja combinada/luz NIR detectada regre ajo observación, n controlador en la comunicación de señal con l z y la cámara para luminar continuamente el área bajo observación erde, luminar el área bajo observación con luz roja y nde al menos una de la luz roja y la luz NIR se a periódicamente, y eterminar a partir de la luz de reflectanc ada/luz NIR detectada separadamente el co ral de luz de reflectancia roja y el co ral de luz NIR detectada en sincronización co ro a conmutadas, ajo observación. 4. El sistema de formación de imágenes dicación 13, caracterizado en que el ár ación se ilumina alternantemente por la fuente z roja y luz NIR. 5. El sistema de formación de imágenes dicación 13, caracterizado en que la fuente nde n iluminador que emite una intensidad sustanc nte de luz visible y luz NIR sobre un rango e uo, y na pluralidad de filtros dispuestos entre el il área bajo observación para transmitir luz az aímente continua y luz roja temporalmente disco R discontinua. 6. El sistema de formación de imá enes luz NIR en luz roja temporalmente discontinua y tinua, y egundos medios dicroicos para combinar erde, la luz roja temporalmente discontinua y la ralmente discontinua para la transmisión al á ación. 17. El sistema de formación de imágenes dicación 13, caracterizado en que la fuente nde f iluminador que emite una in cialmente constante de luz verde y azul, n segundo iluminador que produce luz roja conmut n tercer iluminador que produce luz NIR conmutad edios dicroicos para combinar la luz roja conmut IR conmutada con la luz verde y azul para la tra a bajo observación. undo iluminador y el tercer iluminador. 0. El sistema de formación de imágenes dicación 13, caracterizado en que los detect es emplean una exploración entrelazada. 1. El sistema de formación de imágenes dicación 13, caracterizado en que los detect es emplean una exploración progresiva. 2. El sistema de formación de imágenes dicación 13, caracterizado en que comprende a e de prisma dicroico que separa espectralmente l tancia azul, la luz de reflectancia verde y l tancia roja combinada/luz NIR detectada regre bajo observación y que dirige la luz sep ntes superficies de salida del montaje de co, en donde el uno o más detectores de nden tres detectores de imágenes, cada uno mo 4. El sistema de formación de imágenes dicación 23, caracterizado en que el único dét es comprende un arreglo de filtro azul/verde/ro o dispuesto antes de los pixeles del detector. 5. El sistema de formación de imágenes dicación 13, caracterizado en que el uno ores de imágenes comprenden un solo detector de iene una pluralidad de capas apiladas, cada pixeles responsivos para una de la luz de refl la luz de reflectancia verde y la luz de refl combinada/luz NIR detectada regresada del ár ación . 6. El sistema de formación de imágenes dicación 13, caracterizado en que el sis ión de imágenes se configura como un endoscopio. 7. El sistema de formación de imá enes
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| US10779734B2 (en) | 2020-09-22 |
| EP2268194B1 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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| JP5852979B2 (ja) | 2016-02-03 |
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| US9173554B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 |
| CN102036599A (zh) | 2011-04-27 |
| RU2510235C2 (ru) | 2014-03-27 |
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