WO2024195603A1 - 溶液の製造方法、レジスト組成物の製造方法、パターン形成方法及び電子デバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
溶液の製造方法、レジスト組成物の製造方法、パターン形成方法及び電子デバイスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024195603A1 WO2024195603A1 PCT/JP2024/009320 JP2024009320W WO2024195603A1 WO 2024195603 A1 WO2024195603 A1 WO 2024195603A1 JP 2024009320 W JP2024009320 W JP 2024009320W WO 2024195603 A1 WO2024195603 A1 WO 2024195603A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
- G03F7/0382—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified negative photoresist composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
- G03F7/0392—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a solution, a method for producing a resist composition, a pattern formation method, and a method for producing an electronic device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a solution, a method for producing a resist composition, a pattern formation method, and a method for producing an electronic device that can be used to prepare a resist composition that can be suitably used in ultra-microlithography processes and other photofabrication processes that can be applied to the manufacturing process of VLSI (Large Scale Integration) and high-capacity microchips, the manufacturing process of nanoimprint molds, and the manufacturing process of high-density information recording media.
- VLSI Large Scale Integration
- immersion liquid a liquid having a high refractive index
- EB electron beams
- EUV extreme ultraviolet rays
- resist compositions that are effectively sensitive to various types of actinic rays or radiation have been developed.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method for producing a polymer for semiconductor lithography, which includes a step of using a solvent contained in a container whose inner wall surface is made of electrolytically polished stainless steel.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method for producing a polymer for semiconductor lithography, which includes a step of delivering a liquid material through a liquid delivery pipe formed by connecting a plurality of piping members, and in which a connecting member made of a perfluoroelastomer or the like is disposed at a portion where the piping members are connected to each other in the liquid delivery pipe.
- a solid substance used as a component of a resist composition may be handled as a powder, but particularly those that are difficult to crystallize or have deliquescent properties may be dissolved in a solvent and handled as a solution.
- a solution by dissolving a solid substance to be used as a component of a resist composition in a solvent or when preparing a resist composition by dissolving a solid substance to be used as a component of a resist composition in a solvent, stainless steel containers or glass containers have been used.
- a resist composition prepared using a solution prepared by a conventional method and a resist composition prepared by a conventional method are prone to development defects when used in pattern formation.
- the present invention aims to provide a method for producing a solution that can be used to prepare a resist composition that can suppress the occurrence of development defects when used in pattern formation, a method for producing the resist composition, a method for forming a pattern using the resist composition produced by the method for producing the resist composition, and a method for producing an electronic device.
- [1] A method for producing a solution comprising dissolving one or more solid substances in a solvent, the method comprising the steps of: The one or more solid substances are used as components of a resist composition, A method for producing a solution, comprising the steps of placing the one or more solid substances and the solvent in a container containing a resin on at least a portion of an inner wall surface, and dissolving a part or all of the solid content consisting of the one or more solid substances. [2] The method for producing a solution according to [1], wherein the solvent contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following formula (1-1) and a compound represented by the following formula (1-2):
- X 1 and X 2 each independently represent a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the two Rc's may be the same or different.
- C 1 and C 2 each independently represent sp 3 carbon or sp 2 carbon.
- L 1 represents a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond, or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- R 1 to R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group. At least two of X 1 , X 2 , R 1 to R 4 and L 1 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- n1 represents 0 or 1. However, when C 1 is an sp 2 carbon, n1 is 0, and when C 1 is an sp 3 carbon, n1 is 1.
- n2 represents 0 or 1.
- X 3 represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- C 3 represents sp 3 carbon or sp 2 carbon.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rc's may be the same or different.
- L 2 represents a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond, or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- R 5 and R 6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, -OH, or -OR 8.
- R 8 represents an organic group.
- n3 represents 0 or 1. However, when C3 is an sp2 carbon, n3 is 0, and when C3 is an sp3 carbon, n3 is 1.
- the method for producing a solution according to [3], wherein the compound having a salt structure includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following formula (2-1), a compound represented by the following formula (2-2), and a compound represented by the following formula (2-3):
- M 1 + represents an organic cation.
- a 1 - represents a residue of an acid.
- X 4 represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- C 4 and C 5 each independently represent sp 3 carbon or sp 2 carbon.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rc's may be the same or different.
- L 3 represents a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond, or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- R 9 to R 12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group. At least two of X 4 , R 9 to R 12 and L 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- n4 represents 0 or 1, provided that when C 4 is an sp 2 carbon, n4 is 0, and when C 4 is an sp 3 carbon, n4 is 1.
- n5 represents 0 or 1, provided that when C 5 is an sp 2 carbon, n5 is 0, and when C 5 is an sp 3 carbon, n5 is 1.
- M 2 + represents an organic cation.
- a 2 - represents an acid residue.
- L 4 represents a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond, or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- C 6 represents an sp 3 carbon or an sp 2 carbon.
- R 13 and R 14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- R 15 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, -OH, or -OR 16.
- R 16 represents an organic group. At least two of R 13 to R 16 and L 4 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- n6 represents 0 or 1. However, when C 6 is an sp 2 carbon, n6 is 0, and when C 6 is an sp 3 carbon, n6 is 1.
- M 3 + represents an organic cation.
- a 3 - represents a residue of an acid.
- X 5 represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. Two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. Two Rc's may be the same or different.
- C 7 represents sp 3 carbon or sp 2 carbon.
- R 17 and R 18 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group. At least two of X 5 , R 17 , and R 18 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- n7 represents 0 or 1. However, if C7 is an sp2 carbon, then n7 is 0, and if C7 is an sp3 carbon, then n7 is 1.
- a method for producing a resist composition comprising the steps of placing one or more solid substances to be used as components of the resist composition and a solvent in a container containing a resin on at least a portion of the inner wall surface, and dissolving a part or all of the solid content consisting of the one or more solid substances.
- a method for producing a resist composition comprising: preparing a resist composition using a solution produced by the method for producing a solution according to any one of [1] to [6].
- a pattern formation method comprising: a resist film formation step of forming a resist film using a resist composition produced by the method for producing a resist composition according to [7] or [8]; an exposure step of exposing the resist film to light; and a development step of developing the exposed resist film using a developer.
- a method for producing an electronic device comprising the pattern forming method according to [9].
- the present invention provides a method for producing a solution that can be used to prepare a resist composition that can suppress the occurrence of development defects when used in pattern formation, a method for producing the resist composition, a method for forming a pattern using the resist composition produced by the method for producing the resist composition, and a method for producing an electronic device.
- actinic rays or “radiation” refers to, for example, the emission line spectrum of a mercury lamp, far ultraviolet rays represented by excimer lasers, extreme ultraviolet rays (EUV: Extreme Ultraviolet), X-rays, soft X-rays, and electron beams (EB: Electron Beam).
- light means actinic rays or radiation.
- exposure includes not only exposure to the emission spectrum of a mercury lamp, far ultraviolet light represented by an excimer laser, extreme ultraviolet light, X-rays, EUV, and the like, but also drawing with particle beams such as electron beams and ion beams.
- the word "to” is used to mean that the numerical values before and after it are included as the lower limit and upper limit.
- (meth)acrylate refers to at least one of acrylate and methacrylate.
- (meth)acrylic acid refers to at least one of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw), number average molecular weight (Mn), and dispersity (also called molecular weight distribution) (Mw/Mn) of the resin are defined as polystyrene equivalent values measured using a Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) device (Tosoh Corporation HLC-8120GPC) (solvent: tetrahydrofuran, flow rate (sample injection amount): 10 ⁇ L, column: Tosoh Corporation TSK gel Multipore HXL-M, column temperature: 40°C, flow rate: 1.0 mL/min, detector: refractive index detector).
- GPC Gel Permeation Chromatography
- the notation of groups (atomic groups) that does not indicate whether they are substituted or unsubstituted includes groups that have a substituent as well as groups that have no substituent.
- alkyl group includes not only alkyl groups that have no substituent (unsubstituted alkyl groups) but also alkyl groups that have a substituent (substituted alkyl groups).
- organic group in the present specification refers to a group that contains at least one carbon atom. Unless otherwise specified, the substituent is preferably a monovalent substituent. Examples of the substituent include a monovalent nonmetallic atomic group other than a hydrogen atom, and can be selected from the following substituents T.
- substituent T examples include halogen atoms such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom; alkoxy groups such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and a tert-butoxy group; a cycloalkyloxy group; an aryloxy group such as a phenoxy group and a p-tolyloxy group; an alkoxycarbonyl group such as a methoxycarbonyl group and a butoxycarbonyl group; a cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group; an aryloxycarbonyl group such as a phenoxycarbonyl group; an acyloxy group such as an acetoxy group, a propionyloxy group, and a benzoyloxy group; an acetyl group, a benzoyl group, and an isobutyryl group.
- halogen atoms such as a fluorine atom,
- substituent T examples include acyl groups such as acryloyl, methacryloyl, and methoxalyl groups; sulfanyl groups; alkylsulfanyl groups such as methylsulfanyl and tert-butylsulfanyl groups; arylsulfanyl groups such as phenylsulfanyl and p-tolylsulfanyl groups; alkyl groups; alkenyl groups; cycloalkyl groups; aryl groups; aromatic heterocyclic groups; hydroxy groups; carboxy groups; formyl groups; sulfo groups; cyano groups; alkylaminocarbonyl groups; arylaminocarbonyl groups; sulfonamide groups; silyl groups; amino groups; carbamoyl groups; and the like.
- acyl groups such as acryloyl, methacryloyl, and methoxalyl groups
- sulfanyl groups alkyls
- examples of the substituent T also include groups having one or more substituents selected from the above-mentioned substituents as the further substituents (for example, monoalkylamino groups, dialkylamino groups, arylamino groups, trifluoromethyl groups, etc.).
- the bonding direction of the divalent groups is not limited unless otherwise specified.
- Y when Y is -COO- in a compound represented by the formula "X-Y-Z", Y may be -CO-O- or -O-CO-.
- the above compound may be "X-CO-O-Z" or "X-O-CO-Z”.
- the acid dissociation constant (pKa) refers to the pKa in an aqueous solution, and specifically, it is a value calculated based on a database of Hammett's substituent constants and known literature values using the following software package 1. All pKa values described in this specification are values calculated using this software package.
- Software package 1 Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software V8.14 for Solaris (1994-2007 ACD/Labs).
- pKa can also be obtained by molecular orbital calculation.
- a specific example of this method is a method of calculating H + dissociation free energy in an aqueous solution based on a thermodynamic cycle.
- the H + dissociation free energy can be calculated, for example, by DFT (density functional theory), but various other methods have been reported in literature, and the calculation method is not limited to this.
- DFT density functional theory
- Gaussian16 is an example.
- pKa refers to a value calculated based on a database of Hammett's substituent constants and known literature values using the software package 1, as described above. However, when pKa cannot be calculated by this method, a value obtained by Gaussian 16 based on DFT (density functional theory) is adopted. In this specification, pKa refers to "pKa in an aqueous solution” as described above, but when the pKa in an aqueous solution cannot be calculated, “pKa in a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution” will be adopted.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- the solid content of a resist composition refers to the components contained in the resist composition and contained in the resist film formed using the resist composition. Solvents are not “solid content.” Furthermore, if a component is contained in the resist composition and contained in the resist film formed using the resist composition, it is considered to be a “solid content” even if it is in liquid form. “Total solid content” refers to all solid content.
- the method for producing the solution of the present invention comprises the steps of: 1.
- a method for producing a solution comprising dissolving one or more solid substances in a solvent, the method comprising the steps of:
- the one or more solid substances are used as components of a resist composition,
- the method for producing a solution includes a step of placing the one or more solid substances and the solvent in a container containing a resin on at least a portion of the inner wall surface, and dissolving a part or all of the solid content consisting of the one or more solid substances.
- the one or more solid substances used in the method for producing the solution of the present invention are also referred to as “solid substances (U)".
- the solvent used in the solution producing method of the present invention is also referred to as “solvent (S)”.
- the solution produced by the solution producing method of the present invention is also referred to as "solution (Z)”.
- the present invention is particularly effective when producing a solution by dissolving a compound having a salt structure (salt compound) in a solvent or when producing a solution using a polar solvent as the solvent, and it is believed that this is related to the fact that the above-mentioned scaly marks are easily dissolved in a solution in the presence of a salt compound or a polar solvent.
- the solid substance (U) which is typically a dry powder (dry powder) or a powder moistened with a solvent (wet powder)
- a solution (Z) in which the solid substance (U) is dissolved in the solvent (S).
- a solid substance (U) and a solvent (S) are placed into a container containing a resin on at least a portion of the inner wall surface, and a part or all of the solid content of the solid substance (U) is dissolved in the solvent (S) in the container to obtain a solution (Z).
- the solution-forming step when the solid substance (U) is composed of only one type of solid substance, a part or all of the one type of solid substance may be dissolved in the solvent (S). In addition, in the solution-forming step, when the solid substance (U) contains two or more types of solid substances, a part or all of at least one of the solid substances may be dissolved in the solvent (S).
- the solvent is water
- the solubility of the solid substance in water can be confirmed, for example, by a method based on the flask shake method described in OECD Test Guideline Test No. 105: Water Solubility.
- the solvent is an organic solvent
- the solubility of the solid substance in the organic solvent can be confirmed by the above-mentioned method using an organic solvent instead of water.
- the solubility of the solid substance in the mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent can be confirmed by the above-mentioned method using a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent instead of water.
- the temperature at which the solid substance is dissolved in the solvent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0 to 90°C, more preferably 10 to 70°C, and particularly preferably 15 to 50°C.
- the solution may be stirred.
- a stirring blade stir blade
- a magnetic stirrer a rotary mixer, etc.
- the surfaces of the stirring blade and the stirrer tip that come into contact with the solution are covered with a resin.
- the resin include the same resins used in the container described below.
- the stirring blade include a paddle blade, an inclined paddle blade, a disk turbine blade, a propeller blade, a three-blade swept blade, an anchor blade, a helical ribbon blade, a screw blade, a Max Blend blade, a Super Mix blade, and a Full Zone blade.
- a container in which at least a part of the inner wall surface contains a resin.
- a container containing a resin on at least a portion of its inner wall surface refers to a container in which at least a portion of the inner wall surface is made of a resin.
- the container may be entirely made of resin (a resin container), or may be made of a material other than resin, at least a part of the inner wall surface of which is coated with resin. Examples of materials other than resin include glass and metal.
- the container having at least a part of the inner wall surface coated with a resin is preferably a glass or stainless steel container having at least a part of the inner wall surface coated with a resin.
- the resin used for the container is not particularly limited, but examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, perfluoroalkoxy fluororesin, perfluoroethylene propene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, etc.
- perfluoroalkoxy fluororesin include copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkoxyethylene (perfluoroalkoxyalkane, PFA).
- the size and shape of the container are not particularly limited.
- the volume of the container is not particularly limited and may be, for example, 1 L or more. Furthermore, the volume of the container may be, for example, 200 L or less, 100 L or less, or 30 L or less.
- a portable container may be used as the container.
- a portable container is a container that is not fixed to a facility, device, building, etc. and can be sealed. By using a portable container, it is possible to transport and store the solution without the need to open the container or transfer the liquid after dissolution, thereby preventing impurities from being mixed into the solution. Examples of shapes of portable containers include drums, pails, square cans, flat cans, kerosene cans, 18L cans, gallon bottles, and screw-cap bottles.
- the volume of the portable container is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 L or more.
- the volume of the portable container is preferably 200 L or less, more preferably 100 L or less, and particularly preferably 30 L or less.
- the portable container may be a resin container, or a glass or metal container whose inner wall is partially coated with resin, but is preferably a resin container.
- the solvent (solvent (S)) used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the solvent (S) may be water, an organic solvent, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent.
- examples of the organic solvent include ketone-based solvents, ester-based solvents, alcohol-based solvents, amide-based solvents, ether-based solvents, hydrocarbon-based solvents, sulfoxide-based solvents, sulfone-based solvents, nitrile-based solvents, and carbonate-based solvents.
- Examples of the solvent (S) include water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, isobutanol, 2-ethylhexanol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, amyl alcohol, 1,3-butylene glycol, glycerin, diacetone alcohol, diethylene glycol, cyclohexanol, dipropylene glycol, methyl isobutyl carbinol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl isoamyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, and cyclopentanone.
- the solvent (S) preferably contains a polar solvent.
- the solvent (S) preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following formula (1-1) and a compound represented by the following formula (1-2).
- the solvent (S) preferably contains 20% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, and even more preferably 70% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, of at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following formula (1-1) and a compound represented by the following formula (1-2), based on the total mass of the solvent (S).
- X 1 and X 2 each independently represent a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the two Rc's may be the same or different.
- C 1 and C 2 each independently represent sp 3 carbon or sp 2 carbon.
- L 1 represents a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond, or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- R 1 to R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group. At least two of X 1 , X 2 , R 1 to R 4 and L 1 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- n1 represents 0 or 1. However, when C 1 is an sp 2 carbon, n1 is 0, and when C 1 is an sp 3 carbon, n1 is 1.
- n2 represents 0 or 1.
- X 3 represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- C 3 represents sp 3 carbon or sp 2 carbon.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rc's may be the same or different.
- L 2 represents a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond, or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- R 5 and R 6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, -OH, or -OR 8.
- R 8 represents an organic group.
- n3 represents 0 or 1. However, when C3 is an sp2 carbon, n3 is 0, and when C3 is an sp3 carbon, n3 is 1.
- X1 and X2 each independently represent a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rc's may be the same or different.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group contained in the alkoxy group represented by X1 and X2 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1 to 20, 1 to 10, or 1 to 6.
- the alkyl group may be either linear or branched. Examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, an n-butyl group, a t-butyl group, and an n-hexyl group.
- the alkyl group may have a substituent.
- alkyl group contained in the thioalkoxy group represented by X1 and X2 and the alkyl group in the case where the acyloxy group represented by X1 and X2 is an alkylcarbonyloxy group.
- the aryl group may be either a monocyclic or polycyclic (e.g., 2 to 6 rings, etc.).
- the number of carbon atoms in the aryl group is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 6 to 20, 6 to 15, or 6 to 10.
- the aryl group is preferably a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, or an anthryl group, and more preferably a phenyl group.
- the aryl group may have a substituent.
- the cycloalkyl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic, and is preferably a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 15 carbon atoms, and even more preferably a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms.
- cycloalkyl group examples include a cyclopentyl group, a 1-methylcyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantyl group, a 1-ethyladamantyl group, a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, and a tetracyclododecanyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group may have a substituent.
- One of the methylene groups constituting the cycloalkane ring of the cycloalkyl group may be replaced with a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, and a group having a heteroatom such as an ester bond, or a vinylidene group.
- one or more of the ethylene groups constituting the cycloalkane ring of the cycloalkyl group may be replaced with a vinylene group.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the organic group represented by Rx is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, and a group formed by combining these groups.
- the alkyl group represented by Rx may be linear or branched, and is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and even more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkyl group represented by Rx include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, and a t-butyl group.
- the alkyl group represented by Rx may have a substituent.
- the cycloalkyl group represented by Rx may be monocyclic or polycyclic, and is preferably a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 15 carbon atoms, and even more preferably a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group represented by Rx include a cyclopentyl group, a 1-methylcyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantyl group, a 1-ethyladamantyl group, a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, and a tetracyclododecanyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group represented by Rx may have a substituent.
- One of the methylene groups constituting the cycloalkane ring of the cycloalkyl group represented by Rx may be replaced with a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, or a group having a heteroatom such as an ester bond, or a vinylidene group.
- the cycloalkyl group represented by Rx may have one or more ethylene groups constituting the cycloalkane ring replaced with a vinylene group.
- the aryl group represented by Rx is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, and even more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the aryl group represented by Rx is preferably a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, or an anthryl group, more preferably a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, and even more preferably a phenyl group.
- the aryl group represented by Rx may have a substituent.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the description, specific examples, and preferred ranges of Ra are the same as those for Rx described above.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- the explanations, specific examples and preferred ranges of the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group and aryl group represented by Rb are the same as those for Rx described above. The same applies to the alkyl group contained in the alkoxy group and thioalkoxy group represented by Rb.
- Examples of the aralkyl group represented by Rb include a group in which the aryl group represented by Rb is bonded to the alkyl group represented by Rb.
- Examples of the aralkyl group include a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, a naphthylmethyl group, a naphthylethyl group, and a naphthylbutyl group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the description, specific examples, and preferred ranges for Rc are the same as those for Rx described above.
- L 1 represents a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- An example of an embodiment in which L1 is an aromatic carbon-carbon bond is an embodiment in which C1 and C2 in formula (1-1) are sp2 carbons, n1 and n2 are 0, and R1 and R3 are bonded to form an aromatic ring.
- the linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms may be any of a linking group having 0 carbon atoms, a linking group having 1 carbon atom, and a linking group having 2 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the linking group having 0 carbon atoms represented by L 1 include -O-, -NH-, -S-, -SO- and -SO 2 -.
- Examples of the linking group having one carbon atom represented by L 1 include -CO-, -CH 2 -, and -CH 2 O-.
- the linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms represented by L 1 may have a substituent.
- the carbon number of the substituent is not included in the carbon number of L 1.
- the carbon number is 6 or less.
- Specific examples of L 1 also include those in which one or more hydrogen atoms in the specific examples of L 1 are substituted with a substituent.
- Rd represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, preferably a hydrogen atom or a substituent having 6 or less carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or an acyl group.
- the multiple Rds may be the same or different.
- alkyl group, cycloalkyl group and aryl group represented by Rd are the same as those of Rx described above.
- R 1 to R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the organic group represented by R 1 to R 4 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, and an aryl group.
- the explanation, specific examples, and preferred ranges of R 1 to R 4 are the same as those for Rx described above.
- At least two of X 1 , X 2 , R 1 to R 4 and L 1 in formula (1-1) may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the ring formed by bonding at least two of X 1 , X 2 , R 1 to R 4 and L 1 to each other may be an aromatic ring (e.g., a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a pyridine ring, etc.), a non-aromatic ring (e.g., a cyclohexane ring, a tetrahydropyran ring, a pyran ring, etc.), or a ring in which a non-aromatic ring and an aromatic ring are condensed.
- the number of ring atoms of the ring is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 20, for example.
- the ring may have a substituent.
- X3 represents a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the two Rc's may be the same or different.
- the explanation, specific examples and preferred ranges for X3 are the same as those for X1 and X2 in the above formula (1-1).
- X3 represents -N(Rx) 2
- the explanation, specific examples and preferred ranges for Rx are the same as those for Rx in the explanation of formula (1-1) above.
- X3 represents -NRaCORb
- the description, specific examples and preferred ranges of Ra and Rb are the same as those for Ra and Rb in the description of formula (1-1) above.
- Rb represents -N(Rc) 2
- the description, specific examples, and preferred ranges of Rc are the same as those for Rc in the description of formula (1-1) above.
- L2 in formula (1-2) represents a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond, or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- the explanation, specific examples, and preferred ranges for L2 are the same as those for L1 in formula (1-1) above.
- R5 and R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the explanation, specific examples and preferred ranges of R5 and R6 are the same as those for Rx in the explanation of formula (1-1) above.
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, -OH, or -OR 8.
- R 8 represents an organic group.
- the explanation, specific examples, and preferred ranges for the alkyl group and aryl group represented by R 7 are the same as those for Rx in the explanation of formula (1-1) above.
- the explanation, specific examples, and preferred ranges for the organic group represented by R 8 are the same as those for Rx in the explanation of formula (1-1) above.
- At least two of X3 , R5 to R8, and L2 in formula (1-2) may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the explanation, specific examples, and preferred ranges for the ring formed by at least two of X3 , R5 to R8 , and L2 bonded to each other are the same as those for the ring formed by at least two of X1 , X2 , R1 to R4, and L1 in formula (1-1) above.
- the solvent (S) may consist of a single solvent or may be a mixed solvent containing two or more solvents.
- solids concentration is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 0.1 to 80 mass%, 0.5 to 50 mass%, or 0.1 to 30 mass%.
- the solid substance (solid substance (U)) used in the present invention is used as a component of a resist composition.
- the solid substance is not particularly limited as long as it is used as a component of the resist composition and forms a solid content.
- the solid substance means a component that is contained in the resist composition and a component that is contained in the resist film formed using the resist composition when the solution produced by the solution production method of the present invention is used to prepare the resist composition.
- a solvent is not a "solid substance".
- it is a component that is contained in the resist composition and a component that is contained in the resist film formed using the resist composition, it is considered to be a "solid substance" even if its nature is liquid.
- the solid substance examples include nonionic low molecular weight compounds, compounds having a salt structure (salt compounds), and polymer compounds.
- Specific examples of the solid substance include compounds that generate acid when irradiated with actinic rays or radiation (photoacid generators), acid diffusion control agents, resins (acid decomposable resins, crosslinkable resins, etc.), crosslinkers, and surfactants.
- the photoacid generator is a compound that decomposes when irradiated with actinic rays or radiation to generate acid, and the generated acid becomes an active species and can be a catalyst for the deprotection reaction (elimination reaction of leaving groups) of the acid decomposable resin, cationic polymerization, crosslinking reaction, and the like.
- the acid diffusion control agent traps the acid generated from the photoacid generator, etc., and acts as a quencher that suppresses the reaction of the acid decomposable resin in the unexposed area caused by excess generated acid.
- the solid material (U) preferably comprises a salt compound.
- the salt compound may be a photoacid generator or an acid diffusion controller.
- the salt compound may be in the form of a low molecular weight compound, or may be in the form of being incorporated into a part of a polymer.
- the salt compound may be in the form of a low molecular weight compound and in the form of being incorporated into a part of a polymer in combination.
- the molecular weight of the salt compound is preferably 5000 or less, more preferably 4000 or less, and even more preferably 3000 or less. There is no particular lower limit to the molecular weight of the salt compound, but it is preferably 100 or more.
- the salt compound is preferably in the form of a low molecular weight compound.
- Examples of the salt compound include compounds represented by "M + X - " (onium salts), and are preferably compounds that generate an acid upon exposure to light.
- Examples of the acid include sulfonic acids (aliphatic sulfonic acids, aromatic sulfonic acids, camphorsulfonic acids, etc.), carboxylic acids (aliphatic carboxylic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, aralkyl carboxylic acids, etc.), carbonylsulfonylimide acids, bis(alkylsulfonyl)imide acids, and tris(alkylsulfonyl)methide acids.
- sulfonic acids aliphatic sulfonic acids, aromatic sulfonic acids, camphorsulfonic acids, etc.
- carboxylic acids aliphatic carboxylic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, aralkyl carboxylic acids, etc.
- carbonylsulfonylimide acids bis(alkylsulfonyl)
- M + represents an organic cation.
- the organic cation represented by M + is not particularly limited, but is preferably a cation represented by the following formula (ZaI) (hereinafter also referred to as “cation (ZaI)”) or a cation represented by the following formula (ZaII) (hereinafter also referred to as “cation (ZaII)”):
- R 201 , R 202 and R 203 each independently represent an organic group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the organic groups of R 201 , R 202 , and R 203 is preferably 1 to 30, and more preferably 1 to 20.
- Any two of R 201 to R 203 may be bonded to form a ring structure, and the ring may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, an ester group, an amide group, or a carbonyl group.
- groups formed by bonding any two of R 201 to R 203 include alkylene groups (e.g., butylene and pentylene groups) and -CH 2 -CH 2 -O-CH 2 -CH 2 -.
- the organic group of R 201 , R 202 , and R 203 is preferably an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group.
- the alkyl group may be either linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 10, and more preferably 1 to 5.
- Examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, and a t-butyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 20, and more preferably 5 to 15.
- the cycloalkyl group may be a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group or a cyclohexyl group, or a polycyclic cycloalkyl group such as a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, or an adamantyl group.
- the aryl group is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, further preferably a phenyl group or naphthyl group, and particularly preferably a phenyl group.
- the heteroaryl group is preferably a heteroaryl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the heteroaryl group preferably contains at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and a nitrogen atom. Examples of the heteroaryl group include a pyrrolyl group, a furanyl group, a thiophenyl group, an indolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, and a benzothiophenyl group.
- R 204 and R 205 each independently represent an aryl group, an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group.
- the aryl group of R 204 and R 205 is preferably a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, more preferably a phenyl group.
- the aryl group of R 204 and R 205 may be an aryl group having a heterocycle with an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom. Examples of the skeleton of the aryl group having a heterocycle include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, indole, benzofuran, and benzothiophene.
- the alkyl group and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 are preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (e.g., a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, or a pentyl group), or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (e.g., a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, or a norbornyl group).
- a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms e.g., a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, or a pentyl group
- a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms e.g
- the aryl group, alkyl group and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 may each independently have a substituent.
- substituents that the aryl group, alkyl group and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 may have include an alkyl group (e.g., having 1 to 15 carbon atoms), a cycloalkyl group (e.g., having 3 to 15 carbon atoms), an aryl group (e.g., having 6 to 15 carbon atoms), an alkoxy group (e.g., having 1 to 15 carbon atoms), a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group and a phenylthio group. It is also preferable that the substituents of R 204 and R 205 each independently form an acid-decomposable group by any combination of the substituents.
- X - represents an anion, and preferably represents an organic anion.
- the anion include sulfonate anion (aliphatic sulfonate anion, aromatic sulfonate anion, camphorsulfonate anion, etc.), carboxylate anion (aliphatic carboxylate anion, aromatic carboxylate anion, aralkyl carboxylate anion, etc.), sulfonylimide anion, bis(alkylsulfonyl)imide anion, tris(alkylsulfonyl)methide anion, phenoxide anion, etc.
- the aliphatic moiety in the aliphatic sulfonate anion and the aliphatic carboxylate anion may be a linear or branched alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group, and is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may be, for example, a fluoroalkyl group (which may have a substituent other than a fluorine atom, or may be a perfluoroalkyl group).
- the aryl group in the aromatic sulfonate anion and aromatic carboxylate anion is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, and a naphthyl group.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, and aryl group listed above may have a substituent.
- the substituent is not particularly limited, but examples include a nitro group, a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, a carboxy group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a cyano group, an alkoxy group (preferably having 1 to 15 carbon atoms), an alkyl group (preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms), a cycloalkyl group (preferably having 3 to 15 carbon atoms), an aryl group (preferably having 6 to 14 carbon atoms), an alkoxycarbonyl group (preferably having 2 to 7 carbon atoms), an acyl group (preferably having 2 to 12 carbon atoms), an alkoxycarbonyloxy group (preferably having 2 to 7 carbon atoms), an alkylthio group (preferably having 1 to 15 carbon atoms), an alkylsulfonyl group (preferably having 1 to 15 carbon
- the aralkyl group in the aralkyl carboxylate anion is preferably an aralkyl group having 7 to 14 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 14 carbon atoms include a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, a naphthylmethyl group, a naphthylethyl group, and a naphthylbutyl group.
- sulfonylimide anion is the saccharin anion.
- the alkyl group in the bis(alkylsulfonyl)imide anion and the tris(alkylsulfonyl)methide anion is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- Substituents for these alkyl groups include a halogen atom, an alkyl group substituted with a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an alkyloxysulfonyl group, an aryloxysulfonyl group, and a cycloalkylaryloxysulfonyl group, and a fluorine atom or an alkyl group substituted with a fluorine atom is preferred.
- the alkyl groups in the bis(alkylsulfonyl)imide anion may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure, which increases the acid strength.
- anions include, for example, phosphorus fluorides (eg, PF 6 ⁇ ), boron fluorides (eg, BF 4 ⁇ ), and antimony fluorides (eg, SbF 6 ⁇ ).
- phosphorus fluorides eg, PF 6 ⁇
- boron fluorides eg, BF 4 ⁇
- antimony fluorides eg, SbF 6 ⁇
- X 1 ⁇ is preferably a phenoxide anion, a sulfonate anion or a carboxylate anion.
- X ⁇ may be an anion represented by the following formula (xa1).
- a 2 X1 represents O - , COO - or SO 3 - .
- Ar 4 represents an aromatic ring.
- R 2 X1 represents a substituent.
- k4 represents an integer of 0 to 7. When k4 is 2 or more, multiple R 2 X1 may be the same or different. When k4 is 2 or more, multiple R 2 X1 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the aromatic ring represented by Ar4 may be an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocycle.
- the number of ring-membered carbon atoms of the aromatic hydrocarbon ring is preferably 6 to 20, more preferably 6 to 15.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon ring is preferably a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, more preferably a benzene ring.
- the number of ring-membered atoms of the aromatic heterocycle is preferably 4 to 20, more preferably 5 to 10.
- the aromatic heterocycle preferably contains at least one of a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, and an oxygen atom.
- aromatic heterocycle examples include five-membered aromatic heterocycles such as pyrrole ring, imidazole ring, pyrazole ring, oxazole ring, isoxazole ring, thiazole ring, isothiazole ring, triazole, furan ring, and thiophene ring, and six-membered aromatic heterocycles such as pyridine ring, pyrazine ring, pyrimidine ring, pyridazine ring, triazine ring, thiazine ring, and oxazine ring.
- five-membered aromatic heterocycles such as pyrrole ring, imidazole ring, pyrazole ring, oxazole ring, isoxazole ring, thiazole ring, isothiazole ring, triazole, furan ring, and thiophene ring
- six-membered aromatic heterocycles such as pyridine ring
- the substituent represented by R X1 is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include the above-mentioned substituent T, and preferred are a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group and a halogen atom.
- k4 represents an integer from 0 to 7, preferably an integer from 0 to 5, and more preferably an integer from 0 to 3.
- the salt compound preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following formula (2-1), a compound represented by the following formula (2-2), and a compound represented by the following formula (2-3).
- M 1 + represents an organic cation.
- a 1 - represents a residue of an acid.
- X 4 represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- C 4 and C 5 each independently represent sp 3 carbon or sp 2 carbon.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rc's may be the same or different.
- L 3 represents a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond, or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- R 9 to R 12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group. At least two of X 4 , R 9 to R 12 and L 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- n4 represents 0 or 1, provided that when C 4 is an sp 2 carbon, n4 is 0, and when C 4 is an sp 3 carbon, n4 is 1.
- n5 represents 0 or 1, provided that when C 5 is an sp 2 carbon, n5 is 0, and when C 5 is an sp 3 carbon, n5 is 1.
- M 2 + represents an organic cation.
- a 2 - represents an acid residue.
- L 4 represents a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond, or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- C 6 represents an sp 3 carbon or an sp 2 carbon.
- R 13 and R 14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- R 15 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, -OH, or -OR 16.
- R 16 represents an organic group. At least two of R 13 to R 16 and L 4 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- n6 represents 0 or 1. However, when C 6 is an sp 2 carbon, n6 is 0, and when C 6 is an sp 3 carbon, n6 is 1.
- M 3 + represents an organic cation.
- a 3 - represents a residue of an acid.
- X 5 represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. Two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. Two Rc's may be the same or different.
- C 7 represents sp 3 carbon or sp 2 carbon.
- R 17 and R 18 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group. At least two of X 5 , R 17 , and R 18 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- n7 represents 0 or 1. However, if C7 is an sp2 carbon, then n7 is 0, and if C7 is an sp3 carbon, then n7 is 1.
- M 1 + in formula (2-1), M 2 + in formula (2-2), and M 3 + in formula (2-3) each independently represent an organic cation.
- the explanations, specific examples, and preferred ranges of M 1 + , M 2 +, and M 3 + are the same as those for M + described above.
- a 1 - in formula (2-1), A 2 - in formula (2-2), and A 3 - in formula (2-3) each independently represent an acid residue.
- the acid residue is not particularly limited, but is preferably a carboxylate anion group (-COO - ), a sulfonate anion group (-SO 3 - ), a sulfonamide group (represented by -N - -SO 2 R N1 , R N1 represents an organic group, and is preferably an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or an aryl group), or a phenoxide anion group, and more preferably a carboxylate anion group or a sulfonate anion group.
- X4 in formula (2-1) and X5 in formula (2-3) each independently represent a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the two Rc's may be the same or different.
- the explanation, specific examples and preferred ranges of X4 and X5 are the same as those of X1 and X2 in the above formula (1-1).
- X4 and X5 represent -N(Rx) 2
- the explanation, specific examples and preferred ranges for Rx are the same as those for Rx in the explanation of formula (1-1) above.
- X4 and X5 represent -NRaCORb
- the explanation, specific examples and preferred ranges of Ra and Rb are the same as those for Ra and Rb in the explanation of formula (1-1) above.
- Rb represents -N(Rc) 2
- the description, specific examples, and preferred ranges of Rc are the same as those for Rc in the description of formula (1-1) above.
- L3 in formula (2-1) and L4 in formula (2-2) each independently represent a single bond, a double bond, an aromatic carbon-carbon bond, or a linking group having 2 or less carbon atoms.
- the explanation, specific examples, and preferred ranges for L3 and L4 are the same as those for L1 in formula (1-1) above.
- R 9 to R 12 in formula (2-1), R 13 and R 14 in formula (2-2), and R 17 and R 18 in formula (2-3) each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the explanations, specific examples, and preferred ranges of R 9 to R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 17 , and R 18 are the same as those for Rx in the explanation of formula (1-1) above.
- R 15 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, -OH, or -OR 16.
- R 16 represents an organic group.
- the explanation, specific examples, and preferred ranges for the alkyl group and aryl group represented by R 15 are the same as those for Rx in the explanation of formula (1-1) above.
- the explanation, specific examples, and preferred ranges for the organic group represented by R 16 are the same as those for Rx in the explanation of formula (1-1) above.
- At least two of X 4 , R 9 to R 12 and L 3 in formula (2-1) may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the explanation, specific examples and preferred ranges for the ring formed by at least two of X 4 , R 9 to R 12 and L 3 bonded to each other are the same as those for the ring formed by at least two of X 1 , X 2 , R 1 to R 4 and L 1 in formula (1-1) above.
- At least two of R 13 to R 16 and L 4 in formula (2-2) may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the salt compound is a compound represented by the following formula (2-1-1):
- M 1 + represents an organic cation.
- a 1 - represents a residue of an acid.
- X 4 represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, -N(Rx) 2 , -NRaCORb, a thiol group, or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rx's may be the same or different.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- Rb represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, -N(Rc) 2 , or a thioalkoxy group.
- Rc represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. The two Rc's may be the same or different.
- R 19 represents a substituent. n8 represents an integer of 0 to 2. n9 represents an integer of 0 to (4+2 ⁇ n8). When a plurality of R 19's are present, the plurality of R 19's may be the same or different.
- the substituent represented by R 19 in formula (2-1-1) is not particularly limited. Examples of the substituent represented by R 19 include the above-mentioned substituent T.
- n8 in formula (2-1-1) When n8 in formula (2-1-1) is 0, the aromatic ring in formula (2-1-1) is a benzene ring. When n8 in formula (2-1-1) is 1, the aromatic ring in formula (2-1-1) is a naphthalene ring. When n8 in formula (2-1-1) is 2, the aromatic ring in formula (2-1-1) is an anthracene ring. n8 preferably represents 0 or 1, and more preferably represents 0.
- n9 preferably represents an integer from 0 to 4, and more preferably an integer from 0 to 3.
- anion represented by X 1 - are shown below, but the anion is not limited thereto.
- the salt compound may be at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds (I) to (II).
- Compound (I) is a compound having one or more structural moieties X and one or more structural moieties Y, which generates an acid containing a first acidic moiety derived from the structural moiety X and a second acidic moiety derived from the structural moiety Y when irradiated with actinic rays or radiation:
- Structural moiety X a structural moiety consisting of an anionic moiety A 1 - and a cationic moiety M 1 + , which forms a first acidic moiety represented by HA 1 when irradiated with actinic rays or radiation.
- Structural moiety Y a structural moiety consisting of an anionic moiety A 2 - and a cationic moiety M 2 + , which forms a second acidic moiety represented by HA 2 when irradiated with actinic rays or radiation.
- the compound (I) satisfies the following condition I.
- Compound PI which is obtained by replacing the cationic moiety M 1 + in the structural moiety X and the cationic moiety M 2 + in the structural moiety Y in compound (I) with H + , has an acid dissociation constant a1 derived from the acidic moiety represented by HA 1 , which is obtained by replacing the cationic moiety M 1 + in the structural moiety X with H + , and an acid dissociation constant a2 derived from the acidic moiety represented by HA 2 , which is obtained by replacing the cationic moiety M 2 + in the structural moiety Y with H + , and the acid dissociation constant a2 is greater than the acid dissociation constant a1.
- compound (I) is, for example, a compound that generates an acid having one of the first acidic site derived from the structural moiety X and one of the second acidic site derived from the structural moiety Y
- compound PI corresponds to a "compound having HA 1 and HA 2.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 of compound PI are calculated as follows: when compound PI is a "compound having A 1 - and HA 2 ", the pKa is the acid dissociation constant a1; and when the "compound having A 1 - and HA 2 " is a "compound having A 1 - and A 2 - ", the pKa is the acid dissociation constant a2.
- compound (I) is, for example, a compound that generates an acid having two of the first acidic sites derived from the structural moiety X and one of the second acidic sites derived from the structural moiety Y
- compound PI corresponds to a "compound having two HA 1's and one HA 2.
- the acid dissociation constant of the compound PI is determined, the acid dissociation constant when the compound PI becomes "a compound having one A 1 - , one HA 1 and one HA 2 " and the acid dissociation constant when the "compound having one A 1 - , one HA 1 and one HA 2 " becomes "a compound having two A 1 - and one HA 2 " correspond to the above-mentioned acid dissociation constant a1.
- the acid dissociation constant when the "compound having two A 1 - and one HA 2 " becomes "a compound having two A 1 - and A 2 - " corresponds to the acid dissociation constant a2. That is, in the case of the compound PI, when the compound has a plurality of acid dissociation constants derived from the acidic site represented by HA 1 obtained by replacing the cationic site M 1 + in the structural site X with H + , the value of the acid dissociation constant a2 is larger than the largest value of the plurality of acid dissociation constants a1.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 are determined by the above-mentioned method for measuring an acid dissociation constant.
- the compound PI corresponds to an acid generated when compound (I) is irradiated with actinic rays or radiation.
- the structural moieties X may be the same or different from each other.
- the two or more A 1 ⁇ and the two or more M 1 + may be the same or different from each other.
- a 1 - and A 2 - , as well as M 1 + and M 2 + may be the same or different, but it is preferable that A 1 - and A 2 - are different.
- the difference (absolute value) between the acid dissociation constant a1 (the maximum value when there are multiple acid dissociation constants a1) and the acid dissociation constant a2 is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, and even more preferably 1.0 or more.
- the upper limit of the difference (absolute value) between the acid dissociation constant a1 (the maximum value when there are multiple acid dissociation constants a1) and the acid dissociation constant a2 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 16 or less.
- the acid dissociation constant a2 is preferably 20 or less, and more preferably 15 or less.
- the lower limit of the acid dissociation constant a2 is preferably -4.0 or more.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 is preferably 2.0 or less, and more preferably 0 or less.
- the lower limit of the acid dissociation constant a1 is preferably -20.0 or more.
- Compound (II) is a compound having two or more of the above structural moieties X and one or more of the following structural moieties Z, and is a compound that generates an acid containing two or more of the first acidic moieties derived from the structural moiety X and the structural moiety Z when irradiated with actinic rays or radiation.
- Structural moiety Z a non-ionic moiety capable of neutralizing an acid
- compound PII which is obtained by replacing the cationic moiety M 1 + in the structural moiety X in compound (II) with H +
- the preferred range of the acid dissociation constant a1 derived from the acidic moiety represented by HA 1 which is obtained by replacing the cationic moiety M 1 + in the structural moiety X with H +
- compound PII corresponds to a "compound having two HA 1s ".
- the acid dissociation constant when compound PII becomes a "compound having one A 1 - and one HA 1 " and the acid dissociation constant when the "compound having one A 1 - and one HA 1 " becomes a "compound having two A 1 -s " correspond to the acid dissociation constant a1.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 can be determined by the above-mentioned method for measuring an acid dissociation constant.
- the compound PII corresponds to an acid generated when compound (II) is irradiated with actinic rays or radiation.
- the two or more structural moieties X may be the same or different, and the two or more A 1 ⁇ and the two or more M 1 + may be the same or different.
- the nonionic moiety capable of neutralizing an acid in the structural moiety Z is not particularly limited, and is preferably, for example, a moiety containing a group capable of electrostatically interacting with a proton, or a functional group having an electron.
- Examples of the group capable of electrostatically interacting with a proton or the functional group having electrons include a functional group having a macrocyclic structure such as a cyclic polyether, or a functional group having a nitrogen atom having an unshared electron pair that does not contribute to ⁇ conjugation.
- the nitrogen atom having an unshared electron pair that does not contribute to ⁇ conjugation is, for example, a nitrogen atom having a partial structure shown in the following formula:
- Examples of partial structures of functional groups having groups or electrons that can electrostatically interact with protons include crown ether structures, azacrown ether structures, primary to tertiary amine structures, pyridine structures, imidazole structures, and pyrazine structures, with primary to tertiary amine structures being preferred.
- salt compounds include the compounds described in paragraphs [0320] to [0321] of WO 2022/172715. The above descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
- the content of the salt compound is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 mass % or more and 100 mass % or less, more preferably 0.5 mass % or more and 100 mass % or less, and even more preferably 1.0 mass % or more and 100 mass % or less, relative to the total solid content in the solution (Z).
- the salt compound may be used alone or in combination with two or more kinds. When two or more kinds are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (U) may contain an acid-decomposable resin (also referred to as "resin (P)").
- the resin (P) is a resin that decomposes under the action of an acid and has an increased polarity.
- the resin (P) preferably has a group that decomposes under the action of an acid to increase its polarity (acid-decomposable group), and more preferably contains a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group.
- the acid-decomposable group is typically a group that decomposes under the action of an acid to generate a polar group.
- the acid-decomposable group preferably has a structure in which a polar group is protected by a group (leaving group) that is eliminated under the action of an acid.
- a polar group is protected by a group (leaving group) that is eliminated under the action of an acid.
- the polarity of the resin (P) increases under the action of an acid, so that the solubility in an alkaline developer increases and the solubility in an organic solvent decreases.
- the acid-decomposable group is a group that decomposes under the action of an acid and has an increased polarity.
- the acid-decomposable group is typically a group that decomposes under the action of an acid to generate a polar group.
- the acid-decomposable group preferably has a structure in which a polar group is protected by a group (leaving group) that is eliminated under the action of an acid.
- the polarity of the resin (P) increases under the action of an acid, so that the solubility in an alkaline developer increases and the solubility in an organic solvent decreases.
- the polar group is preferably an alkali-soluble group, and examples thereof include acidic groups such as a carboxy group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a fluorinated alcohol group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphate group, a sulfonamide group, a sulfonylimide group, an (alkylsulfonyl)(alkylcarbonyl)methylene group, an (alkylsulfonyl)(alkylcarbonyl)imide group, a bis(alkylcarbonyl)methylene group, a bis(alkylcarbonyl)imide group, a bis(alkylsulfonyl)methylene group, a bis(alkylsulfonyl)imide group, a tris(alkylcarbonyl)methylene group, and a tris(alkylsulfonyl)methylene group, as well as an alcoholic hydroxyl group.
- acidic groups
- Examples of the leaving group which is eliminated by the action of an acid include groups represented by the formulae (Y1) to (Y4).
- Formula (Y1) -C(Rx 1 )(Rx 2 )(Rx 3 )
- Formula (Y3) -C(R 36 )(R 37 )(OR 38 )
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 each independently represent an alkyl group (linear or branched), a cycloalkyl group (monocyclic or polycyclic), an aryl group (monocyclic or polycyclic), an aralkyl group (linear or branched), an alkenyl group (linear or branched), or an alkynyl group (linear or branched).
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 are alkyl groups (linear or branched)
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group, and it is more preferable that Rx 1 to Rx 3 each independently represent a linear alkyl group.
- Two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring (which may be either a monocyclic ring or a polycyclic ring).
- the alkyl groups Rx 1 to Rx 3 are preferably alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, and a t-butyl group, and more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms of the cycloalkyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is preferably 3 to 20, more preferably 4 to 15.
- the cycloalkyl group may be a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group or a cyclohexyl group, or a polycyclic cycloalkyl group such as a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, or an adamantyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group may have, for example, one of the methylene groups constituting the ring replaced with a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom, a group having a heteroatom such as a carbonyl group, or a vinylidene group.
- the cycloalkyl group may have one or more ethylene groups constituting the cycloalkane ring replaced with a vinylene group. That is, Rx 1 to Rx 3 may be a cycloalkenylene group.
- the aryl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthryl group.
- the aralkyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is preferably a group in which one hydrogen atom in the alkyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 described above is substituted with an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably a phenyl group), and examples thereof include a benzyl group.
- the alkenyl groups of Rx 1 to Rx 3 include alkenyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and are preferably alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as vinyl and allyl groups.
- the alkynyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 includes an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, for example, an ethynyl group.
- the ring formed by combining two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is preferably a cycloalkyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group formed by combining two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is preferably a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group or a cyclohexyl group, or a polycyclic cycloalkyl group such as a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, or an adamantyl group, and more preferably a monocyclic cycloalkyl group having 5 to 6 carbon atoms.
- cycloalkyl group formed by combining two of Rx1 to Rx3 for example, one of the methylene groups constituting the ring may be replaced with a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom, a group having a heteroatom such as a carbonyl group, or a vinylidene group.
- one or more of the ethylene groups constituting the cycloalkane ring may be replaced with a vinylene group.
- Rx1 is a methyl group or an ethyl group, and Rx2 and Rx3 are bonded to form the above-mentioned cycloalkyl group.
- R 36 to R 38 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- R 37 and R 38 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the monovalent organic group include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, and an alkenyl group.
- R 36 is a hydrogen atom.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group may contain a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom and/or a group having a heteroatom such as a carbonyl group.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group may have one or more methylene groups replaced with a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom and/or a group having a heteroatom such as a carbonyl group.
- R 38 may be bonded to another substituent in the main chain of the repeating unit to form a ring.
- the group formed by bonding R 38 to another substituent in the main chain of the repeating unit is preferably an alkylene group such as a methylene group.
- Ar represents an aromatic ring group.
- Rn represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group.
- Rn and Ar may be bonded to each other to form a non-aromatic ring.
- Ar is more preferably an aryl group.
- the resin (P) preferably contains a repeating unit represented by the following formula (Pa1).
- the repeating unit represented by the following formula (Pa1) is a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group.
- R b1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- r represents an integer of 0 to 2.
- p represents an integer of 1 to 5.
- R p1 represents -OR p2 or -COOR p3 .
- R p2 and R p3 each independently represent a group that is eliminated by the action of an acid.
- q represents an integer of 0 to (5+2 ⁇ r-p).
- R b2 represents a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaryloxy group, an ester group, or a carboxy group.
- p 2 or more
- multiple R p1s may be the same or different from each other and may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- q is 2 or more
- multiple R b2s may be the same or different from each other and may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the alkyl group represented by R b1 may be linear or branched.
- the alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, or a t-butyl group.
- the alkyl group may have a substituent.
- R b1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- r represents an integer from 0 to 2, preferably 0 or 1, and more preferably 0.
- the aromatic ring in formula (Pa1) represents a benzene ring.
- the aromatic ring in formula (Pa1) represents a naphthalene ring.
- the aromatic ring in formula (Pa1) represents an anthracene ring.
- p represents an integer from 1 to 5, preferably an integer from 1 to 3, and more preferably 1.
- R p1 represents —OR p2 or —COOR p3 .
- R p2 and R p3 each independently represent a group which is eliminated by the action of an acid. Examples of the group which is eliminated by the action of an acid represented by R p2 and R p3 include the groups represented by the above formulae (Y1) to (Y4).
- Y1 hydroxy group
- Y4 hydroxy group
- R p3 a carboxy group is generated in formula (Pa1).
- q represents an integer from 0 to (5+2 ⁇ r-p), preferably an integer from 0 to 5, more preferably an integer from 0 to 3, even more preferably 0 or 1, and most preferably 0.
- R b2 represents a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaryloxy group, an ester group or a carboxy group.
- the halogen atom for R b2 is preferably a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
- the alkyl group of R b2 may be either linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5, and particularly preferably 1 to 3.
- alkyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, and a t-butyl group.
- the explanation, specific examples and preferred ranges of the alkyl group contained in the alkoxy group and alkylthio group of R b2 are the same as the explanation, specific examples and preferred ranges of the alkyl group of R b2 above.
- the aryl group of R b2 is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, further preferably a phenyl group or naphthyl group, and particularly preferably a phenyl group.
- Specific examples and preferred ranges of the aryl group contained in the aryloxy group of R b2 are the same as the specific examples and preferred ranges of the aryl group of R b2 described above.
- the heteroaryl group of R b2 is preferably a heteroaryl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the heteroaryl group preferably contains at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and a nitrogen atom.
- heteroaryl group examples include a pyrrole residue, a furan residue, a thiophene residue, an indole residue, a benzofuran residue, and a benzothiophene residue.
- Specific examples and preferred ranges of the heteroaryl group contained in the heteroaryloxy group of R b2 are the same as the specific examples and preferred ranges of the heteroaryl group of R b2 described above.
- the ester group of R b2 is preferably -COOR b3 or -OCOR b3 .
- R b3 represents an organic group, and preferably represents an alkyl group or an aryl group.
- alkyl group of R b3 are the same as the description, specific examples and preferred ranges of the alkyl group of R b2 above.
- the specific examples and preferred ranges of the aryl group of R b3 are the same as the specific examples and preferred ranges of the aryl group of R b2 above.
- a preferred embodiment of the repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group is a repeating unit having a halogen atom.
- the repeating unit has at least one of a fluorine atom and an iodine atom, and more preferably has 1 to 10 fluorine atoms and iodine atoms in total, and further preferably has 1 to 5 fluorine atoms and iodine atoms in one repeating unit.
- a preferred embodiment of the repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group is one having no halogen atom.
- the description in paragraphs [0029] to [0075] of WO 2022/024928 can be cited. The above description is incorporated herein by reference.
- repeating units having an acid-decomposable group are shown below, but are not limited to these.
- the content of repeating units having an acid-decomposable group is preferably 5 mol% or more, more preferably 10 mol% or more, and even more preferably 15 mol% or more, based on all repeating units in resin (P).
- the content of repeating units having an acid-decomposable group is preferably 70 mol% or less, more preferably 60 mol% or less, and even more preferably 50 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in resin (P).
- the repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group contained in the resin (P) may be of one type or of two or more types.
- the resin (P) contains two or more types of repeating units having an acid-decomposable group, it is preferable that the total content thereof is within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- Resin (P) may contain at least one type of repeating unit selected from the group consisting of Group A below and/or at least one type of repeating unit selected from the group consisting of Group B below.
- Group A A group consisting of the following repeating units (20) to (25).
- a repeating unit having an acid group (21) A repeating unit having neither an acid decomposable group nor an acid group, and having a fluorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom; (22) A repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group or a carbonate group; (23) A repeating unit having a photoacid generating group; (24) A repeating unit represented by formula (V-1) or formula (V-2); (25) A repeating unit for reducing the mobility of the main chain; Group B: A group consisting of the following repeating units (30) to (32).
- the resin (P) preferably has an acid group and preferably contains a repeating unit having an acid group.
- the acid group is preferably an acid group having a pKa of not more than 13.
- the pKa of the acid group is preferably not more than 13, more preferably from 3 to 13, and even more preferably from 5 to 10.
- the pKa of the acid group is the pKa of a monomer corresponding to the repeating unit having the acid group.
- the content of the acid group in the resin (P) is not particularly limited, but is often 0.2 to 6.0 mmol/g. Among them, 0.8 to 6.0 mmol/g is preferable, 1.2 to 5.0 mmol/g is more preferable, and 1.6 to 4.0 mmol/g is even more preferable.
- the content of the acid group is within the above range, development proceeds well, and the formed pattern shape is excellent, and the resolution is also excellent.
- the acid group is preferably, for example, a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a fluorinated alcohol group (preferably a hexafluoroisopropanol group), a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonamide group, or an isopropanol group.
- a fluorinated alcohol group preferably a hexafluoroisopropanol group
- a sulfonic acid group preferably sulfonamide group
- an isopropanol group preferably, for example, a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a fluorinated alcohol group (preferably a hexafluoroisopropanol group), a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonamide group, or an isopropanol group.
- hexafluoroisopropanol group one or more fluorine atoms (preferably one or two) may be substituted with
- one or more fluorine atoms may be substituted with a group other than a fluorine atom to form a ring containing -C(CF 3 )(OH)-CF 2 -.
- the acid group is particularly preferably a phenolic hydroxyl group.
- the repeating unit having an acid group is preferably a repeating unit different from the repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group.
- the repeating unit having an acid group is preferably a repeating unit different from a repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group or a carbonate group.
- the repeating unit having an acid group may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom. Specific examples of the repeating unit having an acid group include the repeating units described in paragraphs [0088] to [0089] and [0103] to [0110] of WO 2022/024928. The above descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
- the content of the repeating units having an acid group in the resin (P) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 mol% or more, more preferably 30 mol% or more, and even more preferably 40 mol% or more, based on the total repeating units in the resin (P).
- the content of the repeating units having an acid group is preferably 90 mol% or less, more preferably 85 mol% or less, and even more preferably 80 mol% or less, based on the total repeating units in the resin (P).
- the repeating unit having an acid group contained in the resin (P) may be one type or two or more types. When the resin (P) contains two or more types of repeating units having an acid group, it is preferable that the total content thereof is within the above-mentioned suitable content range.
- the resin (P) preferably contains a repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group.
- the repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group is preferably a repeating unit different from the repeating unit having the acid-decomposable group described above.
- the repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group is preferably a repeating unit represented by the following formula (Pa2).
- R 101 , R 102 and R 103 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- R 102 may be bonded to Ar A to form a ring, in which case R 102 represents a single bond or an alkylene group.
- L A represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Ar A represents an aromatic ring group.
- k represents an integer of 1 to 5.
- R 101 , R 102 and R 103 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- the alkyl group of R 101 , R 102 and R 103 may be either linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5, and particularly preferably 1 to 3.
- alkyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, and a t-butyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group of R 101 , R 102 and R 103 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 20, and more preferably 5 to 15.
- a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group
- a polycyclic cycloalkyl group such as a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group and an adamantyl group are preferred.
- halogen atom for R 101 , R 102 and R 103 examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, with a fluorine atom or an iodine atom being preferred.
- the alkyl group contained in the alkoxycarbonyl group of R 101 , R 102 and R 103 may be either linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group contained in the alkoxycarbonyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 5, and more preferably 1 to 3.
- Ar A in formula (Pa2) represents an aromatic ring group, more specifically, an aromatic ring group having a valence of (k+1).
- the divalent aromatic ring group is preferably an arylene group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, such as a phenylene group, a tolylene group, a naphthylene group, or an anthracenylene group, or a divalent aromatic ring group containing a heterocycle, such as a thiophene ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, a benzothiophene ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzopyrrole ring, a triazine ring, an imidazole ring, a benzimidazole ring, a triazole ring, a thiadiazole ring, or a thiazole ring.
- the aromatic ring group may have a substituent.
- Specific examples of the (k+1)-valent aromatic ring group when k is an integer of 2 or more include groups obtained by removing any (k-1) hydrogen atoms from the above-mentioned specific examples of the divalent aromatic ring group.
- the (k+1)-valent aromatic ring group may further have a substituent.
- the substituent that the (k+1)-valent aromatic ring group may have is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, octyl, and dodecyl groups; alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxyethoxy, propoxy, hydroxypropoxy, and butoxy groups; and aryl groups such as phenyl groups.
- Ar A preferably represents an aromatic ring group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably represents a benzene ring group, a naphthalene ring group or a biphenylene ring group.
- L A represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group represented by L A is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include -COO-, -CONR 104 -, an alkylene group, or a group formed by combining two or more of these groups, where R 104 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- the alkylene group is not particularly limited, but is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a hexylene group, or an octylene group.
- R 104 represents an alkyl group
- examples of the alkyl group include alkyl groups having 20 or less carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a hexyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, an octyl group, and a dodecyl group, and an alkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms is preferable.
- the repeating unit represented by formula (Pa2) preferably has a hydroxystyrene structure, that is, Ar A preferably represents a benzene ring group.
- k preferably represents an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably represents 1 or 2.
- the content of the repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group in the resin (P) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 mol% or more, more preferably 30 mol% or more, and even more preferably 40 mol% or more, based on the total repeating units in the resin (P).
- the content of the repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group is preferably 90 mol% or less, more preferably 85 mol% or less, and even more preferably 80 mol% or less, based on the total repeating units in the resin (P).
- the repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group contained in the resin (P) may be one type or two or more types. When the resin (P) contains two or more types of repeating units having a phenolic hydroxyl group, it is preferable that the total content thereof is within the above-mentioned suitable content range.
- G1 and G2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, or a hydroxymethyl group.
- f1 represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- the resin (P) may have a repeating unit having neither an acid decomposable group nor an acid group, but having a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom (hereinafter also referred to as "unit X").
- the ⁇ repeating unit having neither an acid decomposable group nor an acid group, but having a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom> referred to here is preferably different from other types of repeating units belonging to Group A, such as the ⁇ repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group> and the ⁇ repeating unit having a photoacid generating group> described below.
- the repeating unit X is preferably a repeating unit represented by formula (C).
- L5 represents a single bond or an ester group.
- R9 represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- R10 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, a cycloalkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, an aryl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, or a group which combines these.
- Specific examples of the repeating unit having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom include the repeating units described in paragraphs [0116] to [0117] of WO 2022/024928. The above descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
- the content of unit X is preferably 0 mol% or more, more preferably 5 mol% or more, and even more preferably 10 mol% or more, based on all repeating units in resin (P).
- the content of unit X is preferably 50 mol% or less, more preferably 45 mol% or less, and even more preferably 40 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in resin (P).
- the resin (P) may have a repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group or a carbonate group (hereinafter also referred to as "unit Y"). It is also preferred that the unit Y does not have a hydroxyl group or an acid group such as a hexafluoropropanol group.
- the lactone group or sultone group may have a lactone structure or sultone structure.
- the lactone structure or sultone structure is preferably a 5- to 7-membered lactone structure or a 5- to 7-membered sultone structure.
- a 5- to 7-membered lactone structure having another ring structure condensed thereto in the form of a bicyclo structure or a spiro structure, or a 5- to 7-membered sultone structure having another ring structure condensed thereto in the form of a bicyclo structure or a spiro structure is more preferred.
- the carbonate group is preferably a cyclic carbonate group.
- For the repeating unit having a cyclic carbonate group for example, refer to the description in paragraphs [0127] to [0133] of WO 2022/024928. The above description is incorporated herein by reference.
- the resin (P) preferably has a repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group obtained by removing one or more hydrogen atoms from a ring member atom of a lactone structure represented by any one of the following formulae (LC1-1) to (LC1-22), a sultone structure represented by any one of the following formulae (SL1-1) to (SL1-3), or a cyclic carbonate ester structure represented by any one of the following formulae (CC1-1) to (CC1-2), and the lactone group, sultone group, or carbonate group may be directly bonded to the main chain.
- the ring member atom of the lactone group, sultone group, or carbonate group may constitute the main chain of the resin (P).
- the lactone group, sultone group, and carbonate group may have a substituent.
- R L represents a substituent.
- the plurality of R Ls may be the same or different.
- R Ls include an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a carboxyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, and an acid-decomposable group.
- e1 represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- the plurality of e1s may be the same or different.
- e1 is 2 or more, the plurality of R Ls may be the same or different, and the plurality of R Ls may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- An example of a repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group is the repeating unit represented by the following formula (AI-2).
- Rb 0 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group of Rb 0 may have a substituent.
- substituent that the alkyl group of Rb 0 may have include a hydroxyl group and a halogen atom.
- halogen atom of Rb 0 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
- Rb 0 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- Ab represents a single bond, an alkylene group, a divalent linking group having a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon structure, an ether group, an ester group, a carbonyl group, or a divalent linking group formed by combining these.
- Ab is preferably a single bond or a linking group represented by -Ab 1 -CO 2 -.
- Ab 1 is a linear or branched alkylene group, or a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkylene group, and is preferably a methylene group, an ethylene group, a cyclohexylene group, an adamantylene group, or a norbornylene group.
- V represents a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a ring member atom of a lactone structure represented by any of formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-22), a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a ring member atom of a sultone structure represented by any of formulas (SL1-1) to (SL1-3), or a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a ring member atom of a cyclic carbonate structure represented by any of formulas (CC1-1) to (CC1-2).
- the content of unit Y is preferably 1 mol% or more, and more preferably 10 mol% or more, based on all repeating units in resin (P).
- the content of unit Y is preferably 85 mol% or less, more preferably 80 mol% or less, even more preferably 70 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 60 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in resin (P).
- the resin (P) may have a repeating unit having a group that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation (also referred to as a "photoacid generating group").
- An example of the repeating unit having a photoacid generating group is a repeating unit represented by formula (4).
- R 41 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- L 41 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- L 42 represents a divalent linking group.
- R 40 represents a structural moiety that is decomposed by irradiation with actinic rays or radiation to generate an acid in a side chain.
- L 41 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, and preferably represents a single bond or an ester bond (—COO—).
- L 42 is preferably at least one linking group selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an arylene group, -O-, -CO-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, and -NR-, where R represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group (preferably an organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group).
- the alkylene group may be either linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 10.
- the cycloalkylene group may be a monocyclic cycloalkylene group or a polycyclic cycloalkylene group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkylene group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 20, and more preferably 5 to 15.
- the number of carbon atoms in the arylene group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 6 to 20, and more preferably 6 to 10.
- the alkylene group, the cycloalkylene group and the arylene group may have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include the above-mentioned substituent T.
- R 40 is preferably a group represented by the following formula (S4-1).
- Q- represents an acid residue
- M + represents a cation
- * represents the bonding position with L41 .
- the acid residue is a group formed by dissociating a proton from an acid.
- Q ⁇ is preferably a carboxylate anion group (COO ⁇ ), a sulfonate anion group (SO 3 ⁇ ), or a sulfonamide group (represented by N ⁇ —SO 2 R N1 , where R N1 represents an organic group, including an organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and preferably an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or an aryl group), and more preferably a sulfonate anion group.
- R N1 represents an organic group, including an organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and preferably an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or an aryl group
- M + represents an organic group, including an organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and preferably
- repeating units having a photoacid generating group include the repeating units described in [0094] to [0105] of JP 2014-041327 A, the repeating unit described in [0094] of WO 2018/193954 A, and the repeating unit described in [0138] of WO 2022/024928 A. The above descriptions are incorporated herein.
- Examples of the repeating unit represented by formula (4) include the repeating units described in paragraphs [0094] to [0105] of JP 2014-041327 A and the repeating unit described in paragraph [0094] of WO 2018/193954 A.
- the content of the repeating unit having a photoacid generating group is preferably 1 mol% or more, and more preferably 5 mol% or more, based on the total repeating units in the resin (P).
- the content of the repeating unit having a photoacid generating group is preferably 40 mol% or less, more preferably 35 mol% or less, and even more preferably 30 mol% or less, based on the total repeating units in the resin (P).
- the resin (P) may have a repeating unit represented by the following formula (V-1) or the following formula (V-2).
- the repeating unit represented by the following formula (V-1) and the repeating unit represented by the following formula (V-2) are preferably different from the above-mentioned respective repeating units.
- R 6 and R 7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a halogen atom, an ester group (-OCOR or -COOR:
- R is an alkyl group or a fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), or a carboxyl group.
- the alkyl group is preferably a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- n 3 represents an integer of 0 to 6.
- n 4 represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- X 4 is a methylene group, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom. Examples of the repeating unit represented by formula (V-1) or formula (V-2) include the repeating units described in paragraph [0100] of WO 2018/193954.
- the resin (P) may have a high glass transition temperature (Tg) in order to suppress excessive diffusion of the generated acid or pattern collapse during development.
- Tg may be higher than 90° C., higher than 100° C., higher than 110° C., or higher than 125° C.
- the Tg may be 400° C. or lower, or 350° C. or lower.
- Tg of a repeating unit is calculated by the following method.
- the Tg of a homopolymer consisting of only each repeating unit contained in the polymer is calculated by the Bicerano method.
- the mass ratio (%) of each repeating unit to the total repeating units in the polymer is calculated.
- the Tg at each mass ratio is calculated using the Fox formula (described in Materials Letters 62 (2008) 3152, etc.), and these are summed up to obtain the Tg (°C) of the polymer.
- the Bicerano method is described in Prediction of Polymer Properties, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York (1993). Calculation of Tg by the Bicerano method can be performed using polymer property estimation software MDL Polymer (MDL Information Systems, Inc.).
- the resin (P) may have a repeating unit having at least one type of group selected from a lactone group, a sultone group, a carbonate group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group and an alkali-soluble group.
- Examples of the repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group contained in the resin (P) include the repeating units described above in ⁇ Repeat units having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group>.
- the preferred content is also as described above in ⁇ Repeat units having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group>.
- the resin (P) may contain a repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group, which improves the adhesion to the substrate and the affinity for the developer.
- the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group is preferably a repeating unit having an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure substituted with a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.
- the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group preferably does not have an acid-decomposable group. Examples of the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group include those described in paragraphs [0081] to [0084] of JP2014-098921A.
- the resin (P) may have a repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group.
- the alkali-soluble group include a carboxyl group, a sulfonamide group, a sulfonylimide group, a bissulfonylimide group, and an aliphatic alcohol group (e.g., a hexafluoroisopropanol group) substituted at the ⁇ -position with an electron-withdrawing group, with a carboxyl group being preferred.
- the resin (P) contains a repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group, which improves the resolution, particularly in contact hole applications. Examples of the repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group include those described in paragraphs [0085] and [0086] of JP2014-098921A.
- the resin (P) may have an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure and a repeating unit that does not exhibit acid decomposability. This can reduce the elution of low molecular weight components from the resist film into the immersion liquid during immersion exposure.
- repeating units that have an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure and do not exhibit acid decomposability include repeating units derived from 1-adamantyl (meth)acrylate, diamantyl (meth)acrylate, tricyclodecanyl (meth)acrylate, and cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate.
- the resin (P) may have a repeating unit represented by formula (III) which does not have either a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.
- R5 represents a hydrocarbon group having at least one cyclic structure and having neither a hydroxyl group nor a cyano group
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a -CH2 -O- Ra2 group, in which Ra2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an acyl group.
- Examples of the repeating unit represented by formula (III) that does not have either a hydroxyl group or a cyano group include those described in paragraphs [0087] to [0094] of JP2014-098921A.
- the resin (P) may have repeating units other than the repeating units described above.
- the resin (P) may have a repeating unit selected from the group consisting of a repeating unit having an oxathiane ring group, a repeating unit having an oxazolone ring group, a repeating unit having a dioxane ring group, and a repeating unit having a hydantoin ring group. Examples of such repeating units include those described in [0170] of WO 2022/024928.
- the resin (P) can be synthesized according to a conventional method (for example, radical polymerization).
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the resin (P) is preferably 30,000 or less, more preferably 1,000 to 30,000, even more preferably 3,000 to 30,000, and particularly preferably 5,000 to 15,000, as determined by GPC in terms of polystyrene.
- the dispersity (molecular weight distribution, Pd, Mw/Mn) of the resin (P) is preferably from 1 to 5, more preferably from 1 to 3, even more preferably from 1.0 to 3.0, and particularly preferably from 1.1 to 2.0. The smaller the dispersity, the better the resolution and resist shape, and furthermore, the smoother the sidewalls of the resist pattern are, and the better the roughness.
- the content of the resin (P) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 40 to 100 mass %, more preferably 60 to 100 mass %, based on the total solid content in the solution (Z).
- Resin (P) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more resins (P) are used, the total content thereof is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (U) may contain a resin having a phenolic hydroxyl group (also referred to as "resin (N)") different from the above-mentioned resin (P).
- the resin (N) preferably contains a repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group.
- An example of a repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group is the repeating unit represented by the above-mentioned formula (Pa2).
- the content of repeating units having a phenolic hydroxyl group in resin (N) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 mol% or more, more preferably 20 mol% or more, and even more preferably 30 mol% or more, based on the total repeating units in resin (N).
- the content of repeating units having a phenolic hydroxyl group may be 100 mol% or less, 90 mol% or less, or 80 mol% or less, based on the total repeating units in resin (N).
- the repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group contained in resin (N) may be of one type or of two or more types.
- resin (N) contains two or more types of repeating units having a phenolic hydroxyl group, it is preferable that the total content thereof is within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the resin (N) may contain repeating units other than those described above.
- repeating units having a phenolic hydroxyl group groups that the resin (N) preferably has, and other repeating units, the contents of paragraphs [0238] to [0307] of WO 2016/136563 are incorporated by reference.
- the content of the resin (N) is not particularly limited, but may be 40 to 100 mass %, 50 to 100 mass %, or 60 to 100 mass % relative to the total solid content in the solution (Z).
- Resin (N) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more resins (N) are used, the total content thereof is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid material (U) may contain a cross-linking agent.
- the crosslinking agent is preferably a compound capable of forming a bond with a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group.
- the crosslinking agent is preferably a compound having, as a crosslinkable group, two or more hydroxymethyl groups, alkoxymethyl groups, acyloxymethyl groups or alkoxymethyl ether groups, or an epoxy compound. More preferred examples of the crosslinking agent include alkoxymethylated or acyloxymethylated melamine compounds, alkoxymethylated or acyloxymethylated urea compounds, hydroxymethylated or alkoxymethylated phenol compounds, and alkoxymethyl etherified phenol compounds.
- the crosslinking agent preferably has a structure represented by the following formula (CL-1):
- R c1 to R c6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an organic group, or a bonding site with the linking group or single bond represented by L c1 in formula (CL-3), provided that at least one of R c2 to R c6 is a structure represented by formula (CL-2).
- R c7 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group (preferably an organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms), and * represents a bonding site in any of R c2 to R c6 .
- L c1 represents a linking group or a single bond
- * represents a bonding site in any of R c1 to R c6
- e1 represents an integer of 2 to 5.
- R c1 to R c6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group (preferably an organic group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms).
- the organic group include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a group in which these groups are linked via an alkylene group, an arylene group, a carboxylate bond, a carbonate bond, an ether bond, a thioether bond, a sulfo group, a sulfone group, a urethane bond, a urea bond, or a group consisting of a combination of these.
- At least one of R c2 to R c6 is a structure represented by formula (CL-2).
- Specific examples of the organic group represented by R c7 in formula (CL-2) include the same as the organic groups represented by R c1 to R c6 described above. It is preferable that one molecule has two or more structures represented by formula (CL-2).
- the crosslinking agent may be a compound in which 1 to 5 structures represented by formula (CL-1) are linked via a linking group or single bond represented by L c1 in formula (CL-3).
- at least one of R c1 to R c6 in formula (CL-1) represents a bonding site with the linking group or single bond represented by formula (CL-3).
- Examples of the linking group represented by L c1 in formula (CL-3) include an alkylene group, an arylene group, a carboxylate bond, a carbonate bond, an ether bond, a thioether bond, a sulfo group, a sulfone group, a urethane bond, a urea bond, or a group formed by combining two or more of these.
- Preferred are an alkylene group, an arylene group, and a carboxylate bond.
- e1 represents 2 or 3.
- crosslinking agents can be found in paragraphs [0064] to [0066] of WO 2016/136563, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- examples of the crosslinking agent include (i) a compound having an N-hydroxymethyl group, an N-alkoxymethyl group, or an N-acyloxymethyl group, and (ii) an epoxy compound.
- the compounds represented by the general formula described in [0294] to [0315] of JP2012-242556A can be preferably used.
- a compound having two or more (more preferably 2 to 8) partial structures represented by the following formula (CLNM-1) is preferred.
- R NM1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an oxoalkyl group.
- More preferred embodiments of the compound having two or more partial structures represented by formula (CLNM-1) include a urea-based crosslinking agent represented by the following formula (CLNM-2), an alkylene urea-based crosslinking agent represented by the following formula (CLNM-3), a glycoluril-based crosslinking agent represented by the following formula (CLNM-4), and a melamine-based crosslinking agent represented by the following formula (CLNM-5).
- R NM1 has the same meaning as R NM1 in formula (CLNM-1). Multiple R NM1 may be the same or different.
- R NM2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), or a cycloalkyl group (preferably having 5 to 6 carbon atoms). Multiple R NM2 may be the same or different.
- R NM1 has the same meaning as R NM1 in formula (CLNM-1).
- Multiple R NM1 may be the same or different.
- R NM3 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group (preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), a cycloalkyl group (preferably having 5 to 6 carbon atoms), an oxoalkyl group (preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), an alkoxy group (preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) or an oxoalkoxy group (preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms).
- Multiple R NM3s may be the same or different.
- G represents a single bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, an alkylene group (preferably having 1 to 3 carbon atoms) or a carbonyl group.
- R NM1 has the same meaning as R NM1 in formula (CLNM-1). Multiple R NM1 may be the same or different.
- R NM4 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an alkoxy group. Multiple R NM4 s may be the same or different.
- R NM1 has the same meaning as R NM1 in formula (CLNM-1). Multiple R NM1 may be the same or different.
- R NM5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group or an atomic group represented by the following formula (CLNM-5′): Multiple R NM5s may be the same or different.
- R NM6 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or an atomic group represented by the following formula (CLNM-5′′).
- R NM1 has the same meaning as R NM1 in formula (CLNM-1).
- R NM5 has the same meaning as R NM5 in formula (CLNM-5).
- the alkyl group for R NM5 and R NM6 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- the cycloalkyl group is preferably a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 6 carbon atoms
- the aryl group is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R NM1 to R NM6 in formulas (CLNM-1) to (CLNM-5) may further have a substituent.
- crosslinking agents are described in paragraphs [0087] to [0089] of WO 2016/136563, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- the content of the crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, but may be 3 to 100 mass % or 5 to 100 mass % based on the total solid content in the solution (Z).
- the crosslinking agent may be used alone or in combination with two or more kinds. When two or more kinds are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid material (U) may contain an acid diffusion control agent.
- the acid diffusion controller traps the acid generated from the photoacid generator or the like upon exposure to light and acts as a quencher that inhibits the reaction of the acid-decomposable resin in the unexposed areas caused by excess acid generated.
- the type of acid diffusion controller is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a basic compound (DA), a low molecular weight compound (DB) having a nitrogen atom and a group that is eliminated by the action of an acid, and a compound (DC) whose acid diffusion control ability is reduced or lost by irradiation with actinic rays or radiation.
- Examples of the compound (DC) include an onium salt compound (DD) that generates an acid that is weaker than the acid generated by a photoacid generator upon exposure to actinic rays or radiation (also referred to as an "onium salt compound that is weaker than the acid generated by a photoacid generator"), and a basic compound (DE) whose basicity is reduced or eliminated upon exposure to actinic rays or radiation.
- Specific examples of the basic compound (DA) include those described in paragraphs [0132] to [0136] of WO 2020/066824.
- the basic compound (DE) whose basicity is reduced or eliminated by irradiation with actinic rays or radiation include those described in paragraphs [0137] to [0155] of WO 2020/066824 and those described in paragraph [0164] of WO 2020/066824.
- Specific examples of the low molecular weight compound (DB) having a nitrogen atom and a group that is eliminated by the action of an acid include those described in paragraphs [0156] to [0163] of WO 2020/066824.
- the onium salt compound (DD) which is a relatively weak acid to the photoacid generator the above-mentioned salt compounds can also be used.
- Specific examples of the onium salt compound (DD) that is a weak acid relative to the photoacid generator include those described in paragraphs [0305] to [0314] of WO 2020/158337.
- the content of the acid diffusion controller is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 100 mass%, more preferably 0.1 to 100 mass%, and even more preferably 1.0 to 100 mass%, based on the total solid content in the solution (Z).
- the acid diffusion controller may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more types are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (U) may contain a hydrophobic resin.
- the hydrophobic resin is a resin (also referred to as "hydrophobic resin (E)") different from the above-mentioned resin (P) and resin (N).
- the hydrophobic resin (E) is preferably designed so as to be unevenly distributed on the surface of the resist film, but unlike a surfactant, it does not necessarily have to have a hydrophilic group in the molecule, and does not necessarily have to contribute to uniform mixing of polar and non-polar substances.
- the effects of adding the hydrophobic resin (E) include control of the static and dynamic contact angles of water on the resist film surface, and suppression of outgassing.
- the hydrophobic resin (E) preferably has one or more of fluorine atoms, silicon atoms, and CH3 partial structures contained in the side chain portion of the resin, more preferably has two or more.
- the hydrophobic resin preferably has a hydrocarbon group having 5 or more carbon atoms. These groups may be present in the main chain of the resin or may be substituted on the side chain. Examples of the hydrophobic resin (E) include the compounds described in paragraphs [0275] to [0279] of WO 2020/004306.
- the content of the hydrophobic resin (E) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 100 mass%, more preferably 0.1 to 100 mass%, based on the total solid content in the solution (Z).
- the hydrophobic resin (E) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more types are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (U) may contain a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group (also referred to as "compound (F)") different from the above-mentioned components.
- Compound (F) is a compound containing one or more phenolic hydroxyl groups in the molecule.
- the molecular weight of the compound (F) is preferably 100 or more and 2,000 or less, and more preferably 400 or more and 1,200 or less.
- the compound (F) for example, the compounds described in [0225] to [0233] of JP-A-2021-92779 and the compounds described in [0140] to [0149] of WO 2021/215163 can be used.
- L f1 to L f8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and at least one in one molecule is a hydrogen atom.
- L f1 to L f8 are substituents, they are preferably an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1 to 20, 1 to 10, or 1 to 6.
- the alkyl group may be either linear or branched.
- alkyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, an n-butyl group, a t-butyl group, and an n-hexyl group.
- the aryl group may be either a monocyclic or polycyclic (e.g., 2 to 6 rings, etc.).
- the number of ring atoms of the aryl group is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 6 to 20, 6 to 15, or 6 to 10.
- the aryl group is preferably a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, or an anthranyl group, and more preferably a phenyl group. The same applies to the aryl group portion in the aralkyl group.
- the content of the compound (F) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 100 mass%, more preferably 0.1 to 100 mass%, based on the total solid content in the solution (Z).
- the compound (F) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more compounds are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (U) may contain a surfactant.
- the surfactant is preferably a fluorine-based and/or silicon-based surfactant.
- fluorine-based and/or silicone-based surfactants include the surfactants disclosed in paragraphs [0218] and [0219] of WO 2018/193954.
- the surfactant may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
- the content of the surfactant is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.0001 to 100 mass%, more preferably 0.0005 to 100 mass%, and even more preferably 0.1 to 100 mass%, based on the total solid content in the solution (Z).
- the surfactant may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more surfactants are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (U) may contain additives other than those described above, such as a crosslinking agent, a dissolution inhibiting compound, a dye, a plasticizer, a photosensitizer, a light absorber, and/or a compound that promotes solubility in a developer (e.g., a phenol compound having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, or an alicyclic or aliphatic compound containing a carboxyl group).
- a dissolution inhibiting compound is a compound having a molecular weight of 3000 or less, which is decomposed by the action of an acid and has a reduced solubility in an organic developer.
- the content of the other additives is not particularly limited, and may be 0.0001 to 100 mass %, 20 mass % or less, 10 mass % or less, or 5 mass % or less, relative to the total solid content in the solution (Z).
- the other additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more additives are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the method for producing a solution of the present invention may further include a concentration step. That is, in the method for producing a solution of the present invention, the solution obtained in the solution-forming step may be concentrated. By performing the concentration, the remaining low-boiling point compounds can be removed. When concentrating, it is preferable to use a container containing a resin on at least a part of the inner wall surface, as in the solution-forming step.
- the concentration can be carried out by a known concentration method. The concentration can be carried out either at normal pressure or under reduced pressure, but is preferably carried out under reduced pressure.
- the degree of reduced pressure is preferably 50 kPa or less, more preferably 40 kPa or less, and even more preferably 30 kPa or less.
- the lower limit of the degree of reduced pressure is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.05 kPa or more.
- the temperature during concentration is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20° C. or higher, more preferably 30° C. or higher, and even more preferably 40° C. or higher.
- the temperature during concentration is preferably 90° C. or lower, more preferably 70° C. or lower, and even more preferably 50° C. or lower. Concentration is preferably carried out with stirring.
- a stirring blade For stirring, a stirring blade, a magnetic stirrer, a rotary evaporator, etc. can be used.
- a stirring blade or a magnetic stirrer is used, the surfaces of the stirring blade and the stirrer tip that come into contact with the solution are preferably covered with a resin.
- the method for producing a resist composition of the present invention may be a method for producing a resist composition (also referred to as a "first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition") in which a resist composition is prepared using a solution (solution (Z)) produced by the above-mentioned method for producing a solution.
- the resist composition may be prepared using only the solution (Z), or other components may be used in addition to the solution (Z).
- the other components include a solid substance (also referred to as a "solid substance (V)”) and a solvent (also referred to as a "solvent (T)”). ) etc.
- the solid substance (V) may be the same solid substance (solid substance (U)) contained in the solution (Z), may be a solid substance different from the solid substance (U), or may be a mixture of the same solid substance as the solid substance (U) and a solid substance different from the solid substance (U).
- the solvent (T) may be the same solvent as the solvent (S) contained in the solution (Z), may be a solvent different from the solvent (S), or may be a mixed solvent of the same solvent as the solvent (S) and a solvent different from the solvent (S).
- a container containing a resin on at least a portion of the inner wall surface.
- the container containing a resin on at least a portion of the inner wall surface is the same as that in the method for producing the solution (Z) described above.
- the solvent (T) is preferably an organic solvent.
- the solvent (T) may consist of a single solvent or may be a mixed solvent containing two or more solvents.
- the organic solvent preferably contains (M1) propylene glycol monoalkyl ether carboxylate and (M2) at least one selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol monoalkyl ether, lactate ester, acetate ester, alkoxypropionate ester, linear ketone, cyclic ketone, lactone, and alkylene carbonate.
- the solvent may further contain components other than the components (M1) and (M2).
- the components (M1) and (M2) are described in paragraphs [0218] to [0226] of WO 2020/004306, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- the content of the component other than the components (M1) and (M2) is preferably 5 to 30 mass % based on the total amount of the solvent (T).
- the amount of solvent (T) used it is preferable to set the amount so that the solids concentration of the resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition is 0.5 to 30 mass %, and it is more preferable to set the amount so that the solids concentration is 1 to 20 mass %.
- Solid substance (V) The description, specific examples and preferred ranges of the solid material (V) are the same as those of the solid material (U) described above.
- the solid substance (V) contains a salt compound
- the amount of the salt compound contained it is preferably from 0.1 mass % to 60.0 mass % relative to the total solid content in the resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition, more preferably from 0.5 mass % to 50.0 mass %, and even more preferably from 1.0 mass % to 40.0 mass %.
- the salt compound may be used alone or in combination with two or more kinds. When two or more kinds are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (V) contains a resin (P)
- the amount of resin (P) contained is preferably from 40.0 to 99.9 mass %, and more preferably 60.0 to 90.0 mass %, relative to the total solid content in the resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition.
- Resin (P) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more resins (P) are used, the total content thereof is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (V) contains a resin (N)
- the amount of resin (N) contained is preferably from 40.0 to 99.9 mass %, and more preferably 60.0 to 90.0 mass %, relative to the total solid content in the resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition.
- Resin (N) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more resins (N) are used, the total content thereof is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (V) contains a crosslinking agent
- the amount of the crosslinking agent contained there are no particular limitations on the amount of the crosslinking agent contained, and it may be 3 to 65 mass %, or 5 to 50 mass %, relative to the total solid content in the resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition.
- the crosslinking agent may be used alone or in combination with two or more kinds. When two or more kinds are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (V) contains an acid diffusion controller
- the amount of the acid diffusion controller contained is preferably 0.1 to 30.0 mass %, more preferably 0.1 to 15.0 mass %, and even more preferably 1.0 to 15.0 mass %, relative to the total solid content in the resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition.
- the acid diffusion controller may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more types are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (V) contains a hydrophobic resin (E)
- hydrophobic resin (E) there are no particular limitations on the amount of hydrophobic resin (E) contained, but it is preferably from 0.01 to 20.0 mass %, and more preferably from 0.1 to 15.0 mass %, relative to the total solid content in the resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition.
- the hydrophobic resin (E) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more types are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (V) contains the compound (F)
- the amount of compound (F) contained is preferably from 0.01 to 40.0 mass%, and more preferably from 0.1 to 30.0 mass%, relative to the total solid content in the resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition.
- the compound (F) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more compounds are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (V) contains a surfactant
- the amount of the surfactant contained is preferably from 0.0001 to 2.0 mass%, more preferably from 0.0005 to 1.0 mass%, and even more preferably from 0.1 to 1.0 mass%, relative to the total solid content in the resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition.
- the surfactant may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more surfactants are used, the total content is preferably within the above-mentioned preferred content range.
- the solid substance (V) when a solid substance (V) is used, it is preferable to dissolve a part or all of the solid substance (V) in the solution (Z) or the solvent (T). In this case, when the solid substance (V) is composed of only one type of solid substance, a part or all of the one type of solid substance may be dissolved. In addition, when the solid substance (V) contains two or more types of solid substances, a part or all of at least one of the solid substances may be dissolved.
- the temperature at which the solid substance (V) is dissolved in the solution (Z) or the solvent (T) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0 to 90°C, more preferably 10 to 70°C, and particularly preferably 15 to 50°C.
- the solution (Z) or the solvent (T) may be stirred.
- a stirring blade stirrring blade
- a magnetic stirrer a rotary mixer, or the like
- the surfaces of the stirring blade and the stirrer tip that come into contact with the solution (Z) or the solvent (T) are covered with a resin.
- the resin include the same resins as those used in the above-mentioned container.
- the method for producing a resist composition of the present invention may be a method for producing a resist composition (also referred to as a "second aspect of the method for producing a resist composition”), which comprises the steps of pouring one or more solid substances used as components of the resist composition and a solvent into a container containing a resin on at least a portion of the inner wall surface, and dissolving a part or all of the solid content consisting of the one or more solid substances.
- a resist composition is prepared using solution (Z), whereas in the second embodiment of the method for producing a resist composition, solution (Z) may not be used.
- a solid substance that is a dry powder or a wet powder may be used without using solution (Z).
- solution (Z) may also be used in the second embodiment of the method for producing a resist composition.
- the container containing a resin on at least a portion of the inner wall surface used in the second embodiment of the method for producing a resist composition is the same as that used in the method for producing the solution (Z) described above.
- the solid substance used in the second embodiment of the method for producing a resist composition is the same as the solid substance (U) described above.
- the solid substance used in the second embodiment of the method for producing a resist composition contains a salt compound
- the solid substance contains a resin (P) when the solid substance contains a resin (P), when the solid substance contains an acid diffusion controller, when the solid substance contains a hydrophobic resin (E), the content of the hydrophobic resin (E) and when the solid substance contains a surfactant are each the same as those in the first embodiment of the method for producing a resist composition described above.
- the solvent used in the second embodiment of the method for producing a resist composition is the same as the above-mentioned solvent (S).
- the amount of the solvent used is determined so that the solids concentration of the resist composition produced in the second aspect of the method for producing a resist composition is preferably from 0.5 to 30 mass %, and more preferably from 1 to 20 mass %.
- the temperature at which the solid substance is dissolved in the solvent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0 to 90°C, more preferably 10 to 70°C, and particularly preferably 15 to 50°C.
- the solution may be stirred.
- a stirring blade stirrring blade
- a magnetic stirrer a rotary mixer, etc.
- the surfaces of the stirring blade and the stirrer tip that come into contact with the solution are covered with a resin.
- the resin include the same resins used for the above-mentioned container.
- the dissolution of the solid substance in the solvent can be confirmed, for example, by the same method as that described in the above-mentioned method for producing solution (Z).
- the resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition and the second aspect of the method for producing a resist composition may be a positive resist composition or a negative resist composition.
- the resist composition may be a resist composition for alkaline development or a resist composition for organic solvent development.
- the resist composition may be a chemically amplified resist composition or a non-chemically amplified resist composition.
- a resist film can be formed using the resist composition.
- the present invention also relates to a pattern formation method including a resist film formation step of forming a resist film using a resist composition produced by the above-mentioned first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition or the second aspect of the method for producing a resist composition, an exposure step of exposing the resist film to light, and a development step of developing the exposed resist film using a developer.
- the procedure of the pattern forming method of the present invention preferably includes the following steps. Step 1: A step of forming a resist film on a substrate using a resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition or the second aspect of the method for producing a resist composition. Step 2: A step of exposing the resist film. Step 3: A step of developing the exposed resist film using a developer.
- Step 1 is a step of forming a resist film on a substrate using a resist composition produced by the first aspect of the method for producing a resist composition or the second aspect of the method for producing a resist composition.
- An example of a method for forming a resist film on a substrate using a resist composition is a method in which the resist composition is applied onto a substrate. It is preferable to filter the resist composition before coating as necessary.
- the pore size of the filter is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 0.03 ⁇ m or less.
- the filter is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, or nylon.
- the resist composition can be applied onto a substrate (e.g., silicon, silicon coated with silicon dioxide) such as those used in the manufacture of integrated circuit elements by a suitable application method such as a spinner or coater.
- the application method is preferably spin coating using a spinner.
- the rotation speed when spin coating using a spinner is preferably 1000 to 3000 rpm (rotations per minute).
- the substrate may be dried to form a resist film. If necessary, various undercoats (inorganic films, organic films, anti-reflective films) may be formed under the resist film.
- the drying method may be, for example, a method of drying by heating. Heating can be performed by a means provided in a normal exposure machine and/or a developing machine, and may also be performed using a hot plate or the like.
- the heating temperature is preferably 80 to 150°C, more preferably 80 to 140°C, and even more preferably 80 to 130°C.
- the heating time is preferably 30 to 1000 seconds, more preferably 60 to 800 seconds, and even more preferably 60 to 600 seconds.
- the thickness of the resist film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 120 nm, since it allows for the formation of fine patterns with higher accuracy.
- the thickness of the resist film is more preferably 10 to 65 nm, and even more preferably 15 to 50 nm.
- the thickness of the resist film is more preferably 10 to 120 nm, and even more preferably 15 to 90 nm.
- a top coat may be formed on the resist film using a top coat composition. It is preferable that the top coat composition does not mix with the resist film and can be uniformly applied to the upper layer of the resist film.
- the top coat is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known top coat can be formed by a conventionally known method. For example, a top coat can be formed based on the description in paragraphs [0072] to [0082] of JP2014-059543A. For example, it is preferable to form a top coat containing a basic compound such as that described in JP 2013-61648 A on the resist film. Specific examples of the basic compound that the top coat may contain include the basic compounds that may be contained in the composition of the present invention.
- the top coat contains a compound containing at least one group or bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, a thioether bond, a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, a carbonyl bond, and an ester bond.
- Step 2 is a step of exposing the resist film to light.
- the exposure method may be a method in which the formed resist film is irradiated with actinic rays or radiation through a predetermined mask.
- the actinic ray or radiation include infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, far ultraviolet light, extreme ultraviolet light, X-rays, and electron beams, preferably having a wavelength of 250 nm or less, more preferably having a wavelength of 220 nm or less, and particularly preferably having a wavelength of 1 to 200 nm.
- the actinic ray or radiation include KrF excimer laser (248 nm), ArF excimer laser (193 nm), F2 excimer laser (157 nm), EUV (13.5 nm), X-rays, and electron beams.
- a proximity effect correction software for electron beams may be used. By using the software, it becomes possible to correct the irradiation energy for each drawing position, and it becomes possible to improve the uniformity of the pattern shape between the center and the outer periphery of the pattern.
- the heating temperature is preferably from 80 to 150°C, more preferably from 80 to 140°C, and even more preferably from 80 to 130°C.
- the heating time is preferably from 10 to 1,000 seconds, more preferably from 10 to 180 seconds, and even more preferably from 30 to 120 seconds. Heating can be carried out by a means provided in a normal exposure machine and/or developing machine, and may be carried out using a hot plate or the like. This step is also called post-exposure bake.
- Step 3 is a step of developing the exposed resist film with a developer to form a pattern.
- the developer may be an alkaline developer or a developer containing an organic solvent (hereinafter, also referred to as an organic developer).
- Examples of the developing method include a method of immersing a substrate in a tank filled with a developing solution for a certain period of time (dip method), a method of piling up the developing solution on the substrate surface by surface tension and leaving it to stand for a certain period of time to develop (paddle method), a method of spraying the developing solution on the substrate surface (spray method), and a method of continuously discharging the developing solution while scanning a developing solution dispensing nozzle at a constant speed onto a substrate rotating at a constant speed (dynamic dispense method).
- a step of stopping the development while replacing the solvent with another solvent may be carried out.
- the development time is not particularly limited as long as the resin in the unexposed area is sufficiently dissolved, and is preferably from 10 to 300 seconds, more preferably from 20 to 120 seconds.
- the temperature of the developer is preferably from 0 to 50°C, and more preferably from 15 to 35°C.
- the alkaline developer is preferably an aqueous alkaline solution containing an alkali.
- aqueous alkaline solution containing quaternary ammonium salts such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide, inorganic alkalis, primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, alcohol amines, or cyclic amines.
- the alkaline developer is preferably an aqueous solution of a quaternary ammonium salt such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH).
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- Appropriate amounts of alcohols, surfactants, etc. may be added to the alkaline developer.
- the alkaline concentration of the alkaline developer is usually preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass.
- the pH of the alkaline developer is usually preferably 10.0 to 15.0.
- the organic developer is preferably a developer containing at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents, ether solvents, and hydrocarbon solvents.
- the above-mentioned solvents may be mixed in combination, or may be mixed with a solvent other than the above or with water.
- the water content of the developer as a whole is preferably less than 50% by mass, more preferably less than 20% by mass, even more preferably less than 10% by mass, and particularly preferably substantially free of water.
- the content of the organic solvent in the organic developer is preferably 50% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, still more preferably 90% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 95% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the developer.
- the pattern forming method preferably includes, after step 3, a step of cleaning with a rinsing liquid.
- the rinse liquid used in the rinse step following the step of developing with an alkaline developer is, for example, pure water, to which an appropriate amount of a surfactant may be added.
- a suitable amount of a surfactant may be added to the rinse solution.
- the rinse liquid used in the rinse step following the development step using an organic developer is not particularly limited as long as it does not dissolve the pattern, and a solution containing a general organic solvent can be used. It is preferable to use a rinse liquid containing at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon solvents, ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents, and ether solvents.
- the method of the rinsing step is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of continuously discharging a rinsing liquid onto a substrate rotating at a constant speed (spin coating method), a method of immersing a substrate in a tank filled with the rinsing liquid for a certain period of time (dip method), and a method of spraying the rinsing liquid onto the substrate surface (spray method).
- the pattern forming method may also include a heating step (Post Bake) after the rinsing step. This step removes the developer and rinsing solution remaining between the patterns and inside the pattern due to baking. This step also has the effect of annealing the resist pattern and improving the surface roughness of the pattern.
- the heating step after the rinsing step is usually performed at 40 to 250°C (preferably 90 to 200°C) for usually 10 seconds to 3 minutes (preferably 30 seconds to 120 seconds).
- the formed pattern may be used as a mask to perform an etching process on the substrate. That is, the pattern formed in step 3 may be used as a mask to process the substrate (or the underlayer film and the substrate) to form a pattern on the substrate.
- the method for processing the substrate (or the underlayer film and the substrate) is not particularly limited, a method for forming a pattern on the substrate is preferred by performing dry etching on the substrate (or the underlayer film and the substrate) using the pattern formed in step 3 as a mask.
- the dry etching is preferably oxygen plasma etching.
- the resist composition and various materials used in the pattern formation method preferably do not contain impurities such as metals.
- the content of impurities contained in these materials is preferably 1 mass ppm (parts per million) or less, more preferably 10 mass ppb (parts per billion) or less, even more preferably 100 mass ppt or less, particularly preferably 10 mass ppt or less, and most preferably 1 mass ppt or less.
- impurities include Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mg, Al, Li, Cr, Ni, Sn, Ag, As, Au, Ba, Cd, Co, Pb, Ti, V, W, and Zn.
- Methods for reducing metal and other impurities contained in various materials include, for example, selecting raw materials with low metal content as the raw materials that make up the various materials, filtering the raw materials that make up the various materials, and performing distillation under conditions that minimize contamination as much as possible, such as lining the inside of the equipment with Teflon (registered trademark).
- impurities may be removed using an adsorbent, or a combination of filtration and an adsorbent may be used.
- adsorbent known adsorbents may be used, for example, inorganic adsorbents such as silica gel and zeolite, and organic adsorbents such as activated carbon.
- inorganic adsorbents such as silica gel and zeolite
- organic adsorbents such as activated carbon.
- the content of metal components contained in the cleaning solution after use is preferably 100 parts per trillion (ppt) by mass or less, more preferably 10 ppt by mass or less, and even more preferably 1 ppt by mass or less. There is no particular lower limit, and 0 ppt by mass or more is preferable.
- An organic processing liquid such as a rinse liquid may contain a conductive compound to prevent breakdown of chemical liquid piping and various parts (filters, O-rings, tubes, etc.) due to static charging and subsequent static discharge.
- the conductive compound is not particularly limited, but an example thereof is methanol.
- the amount added is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of maintaining favorable development characteristics or rinsing characteristics, it is preferably 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 5% by mass or less. There is no particular lower limit, and 0.01% by mass or more is preferable.
- the chemical liquid piping may be made of, for example, stainless steel (SUS), or various piping coated with antistatic polyethylene, polypropylene, or fluororesin (polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, etc.).
- the filter and O-ring may be made of antistatic polyethylene, polypropylene, or fluororesin (polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, etc.).
- the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing an electronic device, which includes the above-mentioned pattern formation method, and an electronic device manufactured by this manufacturing method.
- a preferred embodiment of the electronic device of the present invention is one in which it is mounted in electric and electronic equipment (such as home appliances, OA (Office Automation), media-related equipment, optical equipment, and communication equipment).
- A-1 to A-5 are resins (A-1 to A-3 are resins (P), and A-4 and A-5 are resins (N)).
- the subscripts in parentheses of the repeating units of A-1 to A-5 indicate the content of each repeating unit.
- the content of the repeating unit is a molar ratio to the total repeating units in each resin.
- the content of the repeating unit was measured by 13 C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance).
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and dispersity (Pd) of A-1 to A-5 are also shown. Mw and Pd were measured by GPC (carrier: tetrahydrofuran (THF)) (polystyrene equivalent).
- B-1 to B-8, C-1, C-2 and D-2 are salt compounds.
- B-6 to B-8, C-1 and C-2 were used as photoacid generators.
- B-1 to B-5, D-1 and D-2 were used as acid diffusion control agents.
- E-1 and E-2 are crosslinking agents.
- W-1 to W-6 are surfactants.
- W-1 Megafac F176 (manufactured by DIC Corporation; fluorine-based)
- W-2 Megafac R08 (manufactured by DIC Corporation; fluorine and silicon type)
- W-3 Polysiloxane polymer KP-341 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.; silicone-based)
- W-4 Troisol S-366 (manufactured by Trois Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- W-5 KH-20 (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.)
- W-6 PolyFox PF-6320 (manufactured by OMNOVA Solutions Inc.; fluorine-based)
- SL-1 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA)
- SL-2 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether propionate
- SL-3 2-heptanone
- SL-4 Ethyl lactate
- SL-5 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME)
- SL-6 Cyclohexanone
- SL-7 ⁇ -butyrolactone
- SL-8 Propylene carbonate
- SL-9 Diacetone alcohol
- a synthesis example of A-1 is shown below.
- Other resins were synthesized by the same method or other known methods.
- Cyclohexanone (31.3 g) was heated to 85° C. under a nitrogen stream. While stirring this liquid, a mixed solution of 4-vinylphenol (14.4 g), AS-1 (15.4 g), cyclohexanone (58.0 g), and 2,2'-azobisisobutyric acid dimethyl [V-601, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.] (3.4 g) was added dropwise to this liquid over 3 hours to obtain a reaction liquid. After the dropwise addition was completed, the reaction liquid was stirred at 85° C. for another 3 hours. The obtained reaction liquid was allowed to cool, and then reprecipitated with 1400 g of ethyl acetate/heptane (mass ratio 1:9), filtered, and the obtained solid was vacuum dried to obtain A-1 (24.1 g).
- B-1 was synthesized by the method described in WO 2015/019983.
- Other salt compounds were synthesized by the same method or other known methods.
- Example 2 Preparation of Solution B-1-2
- B-1 (15 g) was placed in a 500 mL PTFE separable flask manufactured by Fluorochemical Co., Ltd., and then SL-5 (135 g) was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 1 hour using a PTFE stirring blade (shape: half-moon, size: 4 cm) to obtain a 10% by mass solution of B-1 (solution B-1-2).
- Example 3 Preparation of solution B-1-3
- B-1 (15 g) was placed in a 300 mL PFA-coated eggplant flask manufactured by Sansho Co., Ltd., and then SL-5 (150 g) was added and dissolved by stirring for 1 hour at 25° C. using a PTFE stirring blade (shape: half-moon, size: 4 cm). This liquid was then concentrated at 45° C. using a rotary evaporator to obtain a 10% by mass solution of B-1 (solution B-1-3).
- Example 4 Preparation of Solution B-2-1
- a 10% by mass solution of B-2 (solution B-2-1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that B-2 was used instead of B-1 and SL-2 was used instead of SL-5.
- Example 5 Preparation of Solution B-3-1) A 10% by mass solution of B-3 (solution B-3-1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that B-3 was used instead of B-1 and SL-9 was used instead of SL-5.
- Example 6 Preparation of Solution B-4-1 A 10% by mass solution of B-4 (solution B-4-1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that B-4 was used instead of B-1 and SL-1/SL-5 (mass ratio 7/3) was used instead of SL-5.
- Example 7 Preparation of Solution B-5-1) A 10% by mass solution of B-5 (solution B-5-1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that B-5 was used instead of B-1 and SL-4 was used instead of SL-5.
- Example 8 Preparation of Solution B-6-1 A 10% by mass solution of B-6 (solution B-6-1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that B-6 was used instead of B-1 and SL-6 was used instead of SL-5.
- Example 9 Preparation of Solution B-7-1) A 10% by mass solution of B-7 (solution B-7-1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that B-7 was used instead of B-1 and SL-7 was used instead of SL-5.
- Example 10 Preparation of Solution B-8-1 A 10% by mass solution of B-8 (solution B-8-1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that B-8 was used instead of B-1 and SL-8 was used instead of SL-5.
- Example 11 Preparation of solution A-1-1) A 10% by mass solution of A-1 (solution A-1-1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that A-1 was used instead of B-1 and SL-1 was used instead of SL-5.
- Example 12 B-1 (60 g) was placed in a 1 L clean bottle (product name AC-1L) manufactured by Aicello, and then SL-5 (540 g) was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 1 hour using a roller mixer to obtain a 10% by mass solution of B-1 (solution B-1-1-2).
- Example 13 B-1 (1,500 g) was placed in a 20 L clean bottle (product name AS050C) manufactured by Aicello, and then SL-5 (13,500 g) was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 1 hour using a roller mixer to obtain a 10% by mass solution of B-1 (solution B-1-1-3).
- Resist compositions (R-1 to R-15 and RX-1 to RX-3) were prepared by the following solution preparation method 1 or 2.
- the prepared resist composition was applied onto a 6-inch Si (silicon) wafer that had been previously treated with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) using a spin coater Mark 8 manufactured by Tokyo Electron, and then dried on a hot plate at 130° C. for 300 seconds to obtain a resist film with a thickness of 100 nm. It should be noted that the same results can be obtained even if the Si wafer is replaced with a chromium substrate.
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
- ⁇ Pattern formation method (1) EB exposure, alkaline development (positive)>
- the wafer on which the resist film obtained above was formed was subjected to pattern irradiation using an electron beam lithography device (Advantest Corporation; F7000S, acceleration voltage 50 keV). At this time, lithography was performed so that a 1:1 line and space was formed.
- the wafer was heated on a hot plate at 100° C. for 60 seconds, immersed in a 2.38 mass% tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous solution as a developer for 60 seconds, rinsed with water for 30 seconds, and dried. Thereafter, the wafer was rotated at a rotation speed of 4000 rpm for 30 seconds, baked at 95° C. for 60 seconds, and dried.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- Resist compositions (Q-1 to Q-6 and QX-1) were prepared by the following solution preparation method 3 or 4.
- the prepared resist composition was applied onto a 6-inch Si (silicon) wafer that had been previously treated with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) using a spin coater Mark 8 manufactured by Tokyo Electron, and then dried on a hot plate at 130° C. for 300 seconds to obtain a resist film with a thickness of 100 nm. It should be noted that the same results can be obtained even if the Si wafer is replaced with a chromium substrate.
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
- ⁇ Pattern formation method (2) EB exposure, alkaline development (negative)>
- the wafer on which the resist film obtained above was formed was subjected to pattern irradiation using an electron beam lithography device (Advantest Corporation; F7000S, acceleration voltage 50 keV). At this time, lithography was performed so that a 1:1 line and space was formed.
- the wafer was heated on a hot plate at 100° C. for 60 seconds, immersed in a 2.38 mass% tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous solution as a developer for 60 seconds, rinsed with water for 30 seconds, and dried. Thereafter, the wafer was rotated at a rotation speed of 4000 rpm for 30 seconds, baked at 95° C. for 60 seconds, and dried.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- Resist compositions (T-1 to T-7 and TX-1) were prepared by the following solution preparation method 5 or 6.
- the prepared resist composition was applied onto a 6-inch Si (silicon) wafer that had been previously treated with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) using a spin coater Mark 8 manufactured by Tokyo Electron, and then dried on a hot plate at 130° C. for 300 seconds to obtain a resist film with a thickness of 100 nm. It should be noted that the same results can be obtained even if the Si wafer is replaced with a chromium substrate.
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
- ⁇ Pattern formation method (3) EUV exposure, organic solvent development (negative)>
- the wafer was heated on a hot plate at 100° C. for 90 seconds, developed with n-butyl acetate for 30 seconds, and spin-dried to obtain a negative pattern.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a solution that can be used to prepare a resist composition that can suppress the occurrence of development defects when used in pattern formation, a method for producing the resist composition, a pattern formation method using the resist composition produced by the method for producing the resist composition, and a method for producing an electronic device.
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Abstract
Description
また、現在では、エキシマレーザー光以外にも、電子線(EB)、X線及び極紫外線(EUV)等を用いたリソグラフィーも開発が進んでいる。これに伴い、各種の活性光線又は放射線に有効に感応するレジスト組成物が開発されている。
また、特許文献2には、複数の配管部材を接続してなる送液配管にて液状物を送液する工程を含み、送液配管にて配管部材同士が接続される部分に、パーフルオロエラストマーからなる接続部材等が配置されている半導体リソグラフィー用重合体の製造方法が記載されている。
従来、レジスト組成物の成分として用いられる固形物質を溶剤に溶解してなる溶液を調製する場合や、レジスト組成物の成分として用いられる固形物質を溶剤に溶解させてレジスト組成物を調製する場合には、ステンレス製の容器やガラス製の容器が使用されている。
本発明者らの検討により、従来の方法で調製した溶液を用いて調製したレジスト組成物及び従来の方法で調製したレジスト組成物は、パターン形成に用いた際に、現像欠陥が発生しやすいことが分かった。
1種以上の固形物質を溶剤に溶解してなる溶液の製造方法であって、
上記1種以上の固形物質は、レジスト組成物の成分として用いられるものであり、
内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器に、上記1種以上の固形物質と上記溶剤とを入れ、上記1種以上の固形物質からなる固形分の一部又は全部を溶解させる工程を有する、溶液の製造方法。
[2]
上記溶剤が、下記式(1-1)で表される化合物及び下記式(1-2)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、[1]に記載の溶液の製造方法。
式(1-2)中、X3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、-N(Rx)2、-NRaCORb、チオール基又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。C3はsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。Rxは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRxは同一でも異なっていてもよい。Raは水素原子又は有機基を表す。Rbは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、-N(Rc)2又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rcは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRcは同一でも異なっていてもよい。L2は単結合、二重結合、芳香族性炭素-炭素結合又は炭素数2以下の連結基を表す。R5及びR6はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。R7は水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、-OH又は-OR8を表す。R8は有機基を表す。X3、R5~R8及びL2のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n3は0又は1を表す。ただし、C3がsp2炭素の場合、n3は0であり、C3がsp3炭素の場合、n3は1である。
[3]
上記固形物質が、塩構造を有する化合物を含む、[1]又は[2]に記載の溶液の製造方法。
[4]
上記塩構造を有する化合物が、下記式(2-1)で表される化合物、下記式(2-2)で表される化合物及び下記式(2-3)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、[3]に記載の溶液の製造方法。
式(2-2)中、M2 +は有機カチオンを表す。A2 -は酸の残基を表す。L4は単結合、二重結合、芳香族性炭素-炭素結合又は炭素数2以下の連結基を表す。C6はsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。R13及びR14はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。R15は水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、-OH又は-OR16を表す。R16は有機基を表す。R13~R16及びL4のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n6は0又は1を表す。ただし、C6がsp2炭素の場合、n6は0であり、C6がsp3炭素の場合、n6は1である。
式(2-3)中、M3 +は有機カチオンを表す。A3 -は酸の残基を表す。X5はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、-N(Rx)2、-NRaCORb、チオール基又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rxは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRxは同一でも異なっていてもよい。Raは水素原子又は有機基を表す。Rbは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、-N(Rc)2又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rcは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRcは同一でも異なっていてもよい。C7はsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。R17及びR18はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。X5、R17及びR18のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n7は0又は1を表す。ただし、C7がsp2炭素の場合、n7は0であり、C7がsp3炭素の場合、n7は1である。
[5]
上記容器が、携行可能な容器である、[1]~[4]のいずれか1つに記載の溶液の製造方法。
[6]
上記容器の容積が1L以上である、[1]~[5]のいずれか1つに記載の溶液の製造方法。
[7]
内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器に、レジスト組成物の成分として用いられる1種以上の固形物質と溶剤とを入れ、上記1種以上の固形物質からなる固形分の一部又は全部を溶解させる工程を有する、レジスト組成物の製造方法。
[8]
[1]~[6]のいずれか1つに記載の溶液の製造方法により製造した溶液を用いてレジスト組成物を調製する、レジスト組成物の製造方法。
[9]
[7]又は[8]に記載のレジスト組成物の製造方法により製造したレジスト組成物を用いてレジスト膜を形成するレジスト膜形成工程と、上記レジスト膜を露光する露光工程と、露光された上記レジスト膜を現像液を用いて現像する現像工程とを含む、パターン形成方法。
[10]
[9]に記載のパターン形成方法を含む電子デバイスの製造方法。
以下に記載する構成要件の説明は、本発明の代表的な実施態様に基づいてなされることがあるが、本発明はそのような実施態様に限定されない。
本明細書において、「光」とは、活性光線又は放射線を意味する。
本明細書において、「露光」とは、特に断らない限り、水銀灯の輝線スペクトル、エキシマレーザーに代表される遠紫外線、極紫外線、X線及びEUV等による露光のみならず、電子線及びイオンビーム等の粒子線による描画も含む。
本明細書において、「~」とはその前後に記載される数値を下限値及び上限値として含む意味で使用される。
置換基としては、特に断らない限り、1価の置換基が好ましい。置換基の例としては水素原子を除く1価の非金属原子団を挙げることができ、例えば、以下の置換基Tから選択できる。
置換基Tとしては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子及びヨウ素原子等のハロゲン原子;メトキシ基、エトキシ基及びtert-ブトキシ基等のアルコキシ基;シクロアルキルオキシ基;フェノキシ基及びp-トリルオキシ基等のアリールオキシ基;メトキシカルボニル基及びブトキシカルボニル基等のアルコキシカルボニル基;シクロアルキルオキシカルボニル基;フェノキシカルボニル基等のアリールオキシカルボニル基;アセトキシ基、プロピオニルオキシ基及びベンゾイルオキシ基等のアシルオキシ基;アセチル基、ベンゾイル基、イソブチリル基、アクリロイル基、メタクリロイル基及びメトキサリル基等のアシル基;スルファニル基;メチルスルファニル基及びtert-ブチルスルファニル基等のアルキルスルファニル基;フェニルスルファニル基及びp-トリルスルファニル基等のアリールスルファニル基;アルキル基;アルケニル基;シクロアルキル基;アリール基;芳香族複素環式基;ヒドロキシ基;カルボキシ基;ホルミル基;スルホ基;シアノ基;アルキルアミノカルボニル基;アリールアミノカルボニル基;スルホンアミド基;シリル基;アミノ基;カルバモイル基;等が挙げられる。また、これらの置換基が更に1個以上の置換基を有することができる場合は、その更なる置換基として上記した置換基から選択した置換基を1個以上有する基(例えば、モノアルキルアミノ基、ジアルキルアミノ基、アリールアミノ基、トリフルオロメチル基など)も置換基Tの例に含まれる。
ソフトウェアパッケージ1: Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software V8.14 for Solaris (1994-2007 ACD/Labs)。
本明細書において、pKaは、上述した通り「水溶液中でのpKa」を指すが、水溶液中でのpKaが算出できない場合には、「ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)溶液中でのpKa」を採用するものとする。
本発明の溶液の製造方法は、
1種以上の固形物質を溶剤に溶解してなる溶液の製造方法であって、
上記1種以上の固形物質は、レジスト組成物の成分として用いられるものであり、
内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器に、上記1種以上の固形物質と上記溶剤とを入れ、上記1種以上の固形物質からなる固形分の一部又は全部を溶解させる工程を有する、溶液の製造方法である。
本発明の溶液の製造方法で使用する溶剤を、「溶剤(S)」ともいう。
本発明の溶液の製造方法により製造した溶液を、「溶液(Z)」ともいう。
前述のように、従来のガラス製又はステンレス製の容器で調製した溶液を用いて調製したレジスト組成物は、パターン形成に用いた際に、現像欠陥が多く発生していた。本発明者らは、この現像欠陥が、ガラス製又はステンレス製の容器の内壁表面に形成されるケイ素を主成分とした鱗状痕(参考文献:International Journal of Automotive Engineering,2020,11(2),57-63)に起因していると考えている。そして、上記鱗状痕は、樹脂表面上には形成されにくいと推定し、内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器を用いて溶液を調製することで、現像欠陥の発生を抑制できることを見出した。
また、本発明は、特に塩構造を有する化合物(塩化合物)を溶剤に溶解してなる溶液を製造する際又は溶剤として極性溶剤を用いた溶液を製造する際に効果が大きいが、これは上記鱗状痕が塩化合物や極性溶媒の存在下で溶液に溶解しやすいことが関連していると考えている。
溶液化工程では、内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器に、固形物質(U)と溶剤(S)とを投入し、容器内で固形物質(U)からなる固形分の一部又は全部を溶剤(S)に溶解させて溶液(Z)を得る。
溶液化工程では、固形物質(U)が1種の固形物質のみからなる場合は、1種の固形物質の一部又は全部を溶剤(S)に溶解させてもよい。また、溶液化工程では、固形物質(U)が2種以上の固形物質を含む場合は、そのうちの少なくとも1種の固形物質の一部又は全部を溶剤(S)に溶解させてもよい。
溶剤が水である場合、固形物質の水への溶解は、例えばOECD Test Guideline Test No.105:Water Solubilityに記載されたフラスコ振とう法に準拠した方法で確認できる。溶剤が有機溶剤である場合、固形物質の有機溶剤への溶解は、上記方法で水に代えて有機溶剤を用いる方法で確認できる。溶剤が水と有機溶剤の混合溶剤である場合、固形物質の水と有機溶剤の混合溶剤への溶解は、上記方法で水に代えて水と有機溶剤の混合溶剤を用いる方法で確認できる。
固形物質を溶剤に溶解させる際の温度は特に限定されないが、0~90℃であることが好ましく10~70℃であることがより好ましく、15~50℃であることが特に好ましい。
固形物質を溶剤に溶解させる際、溶液を攪拌してもよい。攪拌には攪拌翼(攪拌羽)、マグネチックスターラー、ロータリーミキサー等を用いることができる。攪拌翼及びマグネチックスターラーを用いる場合、溶液に触れる攪拌翼及びスターラーチップの表面が樹脂で覆われていることが好ましい。樹脂としては、後述する容器に用いられる樹脂と同様のものが挙げられる。攪拌翼としては、例えば、パドル翼、傾斜パドル翼、ディスクタービン翼、プロペラ翼、3枚後退翼、アンカー翼、ヘリカルリボン翼、スクリュー翼、マックスブレンド翼、スーパーミックス翼、フルゾーン翼等が挙げられる。
本発明では、内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器を用いる。
内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器とは、内壁表面の少なくとも一部が樹脂によって構成されている容器のことを表す。
上記容器は、全体が樹脂からなるもの(樹脂製の容器)であってもよいし、樹脂以外の素材からなるものの内壁表面の少なくとも一部を樹脂で被覆した容器であってもよい。樹脂以外の素材としては、例えばガラスや金属が挙げられる。
内壁表面の少なくとも一部を樹脂で被覆した容器としては、ガラス製又はステンレス製容器の内壁表面の少なくとも一部を樹脂で被覆したものが好ましい。
上記容器は、溶液を収容して静置した状態で、溶液が触れる内壁表面の50~100%に樹脂を含むことが好ましく、80~100%に樹脂を含むことがより好ましい。
携行可能な容器を用いることによって、溶液化後に開封、移液等を行う必要がなく、溶液の運搬及び保管等を行うことができるため、溶液への不純物等の混入を防ぐことができる。
携行可能な容器の形状としては、ドラム缶、ペール缶、正角缶、扁平缶、灯油缶、一斗缶、ガロン瓶、ねじ口瓶などの形状が挙げられる。
携行可能な容器の容積は特に限定されないが、1L以上が好ましい。また、携行可能な容器の容積は、200L以下が好ましく、100L以下がより好ましく、30L以下が特に好ましい。
携行可能な容器は、樹脂製の容器であってもよいし、ガラス又は金属製容器の内壁の一部が樹脂により被覆された容器であってもよいが、樹脂製の容器であることが好ましい。
本発明で用いる溶剤(溶剤(S))は、特に限定されない。
溶剤(S)は水でもよいし、有機溶剤でもよいし、水と有機溶剤との混合溶剤でもよい。有機溶剤としては、例えば、ケトン系溶剤、エステル系溶剤、アルコール系溶剤、アミド系溶剤、エーテル系溶剤、炭化水素系溶剤、スルホキシド系溶剤、スルホン系溶剤、ニトリル系溶剤、カーボネート系溶剤などが挙げられる。
溶剤(S)は、下記式(1-1)で表される化合物及び下記式(1-2)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含むことが好ましい。
溶剤(S)の全質量に対して、下記式(1-1)で表される化合物及び下記式(1-2)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を20質量%以上100質量%以下含むことが好ましく、50質量%以上100質量%以下含むことがより好ましく、70質量%以上100質量%以下含むことが更に好ましい。
式(1-2)中、X3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、-N(Rx)2、-NRaCORb、チオール基又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。C3はsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。Rxは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRxは同一でも異なっていてもよい。Raは水素原子又は有機基を表す。Rbは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、-N(Rc)2又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rcは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRcは同一でも異なっていてもよい。L2は単結合、二重結合、芳香族性炭素-炭素結合又は炭素数2以下の連結基を表す。R5及びR6はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。R7は水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、-OH又は-OR8を表す。R8は有機基を表す。X3、R5~R8及びL2のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n3は0又は1を表す。ただし、C3がsp2炭素の場合、n3は0であり、C3がsp3炭素の場合、n3は1である。
Rxで表されるアルキル基は、直鎖状でも分岐鎖状でもよく、炭素数1~12のアルキル基が好ましく、炭素数1~6のアルキル基がより好ましく、炭素数1~3のアルキル基が更に好ましい。Rxで表されるアルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、t-ブチル基などが挙げられる。Rxで表されるアルキル基は置換基を有していてもよい。
Rbが表すアルキル基、シクロアルキル基及びアリール基についての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述のRxにおけるものと同様である。
Rbが表すアルコキシ基及びチオアルコキシ基に含まれるアルキル基についても上記と同様である。
Rbが表すアラルキル基としては、前述のRbが表すアルキル基に、前述のRbが表すアリール基が結合した基が挙げられる。アラルキル基としては、例えば、ベンジル基、フェネチル基、ナフチルメチル基、ナフチルエチル基、ナフチルブチル基等が挙げられる。
L1が芳香族性炭素-炭素結合である態様としては、例えば、式(1-1)中のC1及びC2がsp2炭素であり、n1及びn2が0であり、R1とR3が結合して芳香環を形成している態様が挙げられる。
L1が表す炭素数0の連結基としては、例えば、-O-、-NH-、-S-、-SO-、-SO2-などが挙げられる。
L1が表す炭素数1の連結基としては、例えば、-CO-、-CH2-、-CH2O-などが挙げられる。
L1が表す炭素数2の連結基としては、例えば、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-CH2CH2O-などが挙げられる。
L1が表す炭素数2以下の連結基は置換基を有していてもよい。L1が表す炭素数2以下の連結基が置換基を有する場合、置換基の炭素数は、L1の炭素数には含めないものとする。上記置換基の炭素数には特に制限はないが、炭素数6以下であることが好ましい。前述したL1の具体例における1つ以上の水素原子に、置換基が置換したものもL1の具体例に含まれる。例えば、-NRd-、-C(Rd)2-、-C(Rd)2O-、-C(Rd)2C(Rd)2-、-C(Rd)=C(Rd)-、-C(Rd)2C(Rd)2O-などもL1の具体例に含まれる。Rdは水素原子又は置換基を表し、水素原子又は炭素数6以下の置換基を表すことが好ましく、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基又はアシル基を表すことがより好ましい。Rdが複数存在する場合、複数のRdは同じでも異なっていてもよい。Rdが表すアルキル基、シクロアルキル基及びアリール基についての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述のRxにおけるものと同様である。Rdが表すアシル基がアルキルカルボニル基である場合におけるアルキル基についても上記と同様である。Rdが表すアシル基がシクロアルキルカルボニル基である場合におけるシクロアルキル基についても上記と同様である。Rdが表すアシル基がアリールカルボニル基である場合におけるアリール基についても上記と同様である。
X3についての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の式(1-1)中のX1及びX2におけるものと同様である。
X3が-N(Rx)2を表す場合のRxについての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の式(1-1)の説明のRxにおけるものと同様である。
X3が-NRaCORbを表す場合のRa及びRbについての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の式(1-1)の説明のRa及びRbにおけるものと同様である。
Rbが-N(Rc)2を表す場合のRcについての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の式(1-1)の説明のRcにおけるものと同様である。
本発明で使用する固形物質(固形物質(U))は、レジスト組成物の成分として用いられるものである。
固形物質は、レジスト組成物の成分として用いられるものであり、かつ、固形分を形成するものであれば特に限定されない。すなわち、固形物質は、本発明の溶液の製造方法により製造される溶液をレジスト組成物の調製に用いた場合に、レジスト組成物に含まれる成分となるものであって、かつ、レジスト組成物を用いて形成したレジスト膜に含まれる成分となるものを意味する。溶剤は、「固形物質」ではない。また、レジスト組成物に含まれる成分となるものであって、かつ、レジスト組成物を用いて形成したレジスト膜に含まれる成分となるものであれば、その性状が液体状であっても、「固形物質」とみなす。
固形物質としては、非イオン性の低分子化合物、塩構造を有する化合物(塩化合物)、高分子化合物などが挙げられる。固形物質としては、具体的には、活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸を発生する化合物(光酸発生剤)、酸拡散制御剤、樹脂(酸分解性樹脂、架橋性樹脂など)、架橋剤、界面活性剤などが挙げられる。光酸発生剤は、活性光線又は放射線の照射により分解して酸を発生する化合物であり、発生した酸が活性種となり、酸分解性樹脂の脱保護反応(脱離基の脱離反応)、カチオン重合、架橋反応などの触媒となり得る。酸拡散制御剤は、光酸発生剤等から発生する酸をトラップし、余分な発生酸による、未露光部における酸分解性樹脂の反応を抑制するクエンチャーとして作用する。
固形物質(U)は、塩化合物を含むことが好ましい。
塩化合物は、光酸発生剤であってもよいし、酸拡散制御剤であってもよい。
塩化合物は、低分子化合物の形態であってもよく、重合体の一部に組み込まれた形態であってもよい。また、低分子化合物の形態と重合体の一部に組み込まれた形態とを併用してもよい。
塩化合物が低分子化合物の形態である場合、塩化合物の分子量は5000以下が好ましく、4000以下がより好ましく、3000以下が更に好ましい。塩化合物の分子量の下限は特に制限されないが、100以上が好ましい。
塩化合物は、低分子化合物の形態であることが好ましい。
R201、R202、及びR203の有機基の炭素数は、1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。R201~R203のうち2つが結合して環構造を形成してもよく、環内に酸素原子、硫黄原子、エステル基、アミド基、又はカルボニル基を含んでいてもよい。R201~R203の内の2つが結合して形成する基としては、例えば、アルキレン基(例えば、ブチレン基及びペンチレン基)、及び-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-が挙げられる。
アルキル基としては、直鎖状及び分岐鎖状のいずれであってもよい。アルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、1~10が好ましく、1~5がより好ましい。アルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基等が挙げられる。
シクロアルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、3~20が好ましく、5~15がより好ましい。シクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基でもよいし、ノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、アダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基でもよい。
アリール基は、炭素数6~20のアリール基であることが好ましく、炭素数6~15のアリール基であることがより好ましく、フェニル基又はナフチル基であることが更に好ましく、フェニル基であることが特に好ましい。
ヘテロアリール基は、炭素数3~20のヘテロアリール基であることが好ましい。ヘテロアリール基は、酸素原子、硫黄原子及び窒素原子からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1つのヘテロ原子を含むことが好ましい。ヘテロアリール基としては、例えば、ピロリル基、フラニル基、チオフェニル基、インドリル基、ベンゾフラニル基、ベンゾチオフェニル基等が挙げられる。
R204及びR205のアリール基としては、フェニル基、又はナフチル基が好ましく、フェニル基がより好ましい。R204及びR205のアリール基は、酸素原子、窒素原子、又は硫黄原子等を有するヘテロ環を有するアリール基であってもよい。ヘテロ環を有するアリール基の骨格としては、例えば、ピロール、フラン、チオフェン、インドール、ベンゾフラン、ベンゾチオフェン等が挙げられる。
R204及びR205のアルキル基及びシクロアルキル基としては、炭素数1~10の直鎖状アルキル基又は炭素数3~10の分岐鎖状アルキル基(例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、又はペンチル基)、又は炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル基(例えばシクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、又はノルボルニル基)が好ましい。
上記アルキル基は、例えば、フルオロアルキル基(フッ素原子以外の置換基を有していてもよい。パーフルオロアルキル基であってもよい)であってもよい。
炭素数7~14のアラルキル基としては、例えば、ベンジル基、フェネチル基、ナフチルメチル基、ナフチルエチル基、及び、ナフチルブチル基が挙げられる。
また、ビス(アルキルスルホニル)イミドアニオンにおけるアルキル基は、互いに結合して環構造を形成してもよい。これにより、酸強度が増加する。
式(2-2)中、M2 +は有機カチオンを表す。A2 -は酸の残基を表す。L4は単結合、二重結合、芳香族性炭素-炭素結合又は炭素数2以下の連結基を表す。C6はsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。R13及びR14はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。R15は水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、-OH又は-OR16を表す。R16は有機基を表す。R13~R16及びL4のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n6は0又は1を表す。ただし、C6がsp2炭素の場合、n6は0であり、C6がsp3炭素の場合、n6は1である。
式(2-3)中、M3 +は有機カチオンを表す。A3 -は酸の残基を表す。X5はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、-N(Rx)2、-NRaCORb、チオール基又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rxは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRxは同一でも異なっていてもよい。Raは水素原子又は有機基を表す。Rbは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、-N(Rc)2又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rcは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRcは同一でも異なっていてもよい。C7はsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。R17及びR18はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。X5、R17及びR18のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n7は0又は1を表す。ただし、C7がsp2炭素の場合、n7は0であり、C7がsp3炭素の場合、n7は1である。
X4及びX5についての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の式(1-1)中のX1及びX2におけるものと同様である。
X4及びX5が-N(Rx)2を表す場合のRxについての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の式(1-1)の説明のRxにおけるものと同様である。
X4及びX5が-NRaCORbを表す場合のRa及びRbについての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の式(1-1)の説明のRa及びRbにおけるものと同様である。
Rbが-N(Rc)2を表す場合のRcについての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の式(1-1)の説明のRcにおけるものと同様である。
式(2-2)中のR13~R16及びL4のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。R13~R16及びL4のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して形成される環についての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の式(1-1)中のX1、X2、R1~R4及びL1のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して形成される環におけるものと同様である。
式(2-3)中のX5、R17及びR18のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。X5、R17及びR18のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して形成される環についての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の式(1-1)中のX1、X2、R1~R4及びL1のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して形成される環におけるものと同様である。
n8は0又は1を表すことが好ましく、0を表すことがより好ましい。
化合物(I)は、1つ以上の下記構造部位X及び1つ以上の下記構造部位Yを有する化合物であって、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、下記構造部位Xに由来する下記第1の酸性部位と下記構造部位Yに由来する下記第2の酸性部位とを含む酸を発生する化合物である。
構造部位X:アニオン部位A1 -とカチオン部位M1 +とからなり、かつ、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、HA1で表される第1の酸性部位を形成する構造部位
構造部位Y:アニオン部位A2 -とカチオン部位M2 +とからなり、かつ、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、HA2で表される第2の酸性部位を形成する構造部位
上記化合物(I)は、下記条件Iを満たす。
化合物(I)が、例えば、上記構造部位Xに由来する上記第1の酸性部位を1つと、上記構造部位Yに由来する上記第2の酸性部位を1つ有する酸を発生する化合物である場合、化合物PIは「HA1とHA2とを有する化合物」に該当する。
化合物PIの酸解離定数a1及び酸解離定数a2とは、より具体的に説明すると、化合物PIの酸解離定数を求めた場合において、化合物PIが「A1 -とHA2とを有する化合物」となる際のpKaが酸解離定数a1であり、上記「A1 -とHA2とを有する化合物」が「A1 -とA2 -とを有する化合物」となる際のpKaが酸解離定数a2である。
化合物PIの酸解離定数を求めた場合、化合物PIが「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数、及び「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」が「2つのA1 -と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数が、上述の酸解離定数a1に該当する。「2つのA1 -と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」が「2つのA1 -とA2 -を有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数が酸解離定数a2に該当する。つまり、化合物PIの場合、上記構造部位X中の上記カチオン部位M1 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA1で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数を複数有する場合、複数の酸解離定数a1のうち最も大きい値よりも、酸解離定数a2の値の方が大きい。なお、化合物PIが「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数をaaとし、「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」が「2つのA1 -と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数をabとしたとき、aa及びabの関係は、aa<abを満たす。
上記化合物PIとは、化合物(I)に活性光線又は放射線を照射した場合に、発生する酸に該当する。
化合物(I)が2つ以上の構造部位Xを有する場合、構造部位Xは、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。また、2つ以上の上記A1 -、及び2つ以上の上記M1 +は、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
化合物(I)中、上記A1 -及び上記A2 -、並びに、上記M1 +及び上記M2 +は、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよいが、上記A1 -及び上記A2 -は、それぞれ異なっていることが好ましい。
化合物(II)は、2つ以上の上記構造部位X及び1つ以上の下記構造部位Zを有する化合物であって、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、上記構造部位Xに由来する上記第1の酸性部位を2つ以上と上記構造部位Zとを含む酸を発生する化合物である。
構造部位Z:酸を中和可能な非イオン性の部位
なお、化合物(II)が、例えば、上記構造部位Xに由来する上記第1の酸性部位を2つと上記構造部位Zとを有する酸を発生する化合物である場合、化合物PIIは「2つのHA1を有する化合物」に該当する。この化合物PIIの酸解離定数を求めた場合、化合物PIIが「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1とを有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数、及び「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1とを有する化合物」が「2つのA1 -を有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数が、酸解離定数a1に該当する。
上記化合物PIIとは、化合物(II)に活性光線又は放射線を照射した場合に、発生する酸に該当する。
なお、上記2つ以上の構造部位Xは、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。2つ以上の上記A1 -、及び2つ以上の上記M1 +は、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
プロトンと静電的に相互作用し得る基、又は、電子を有する官能基としては、環状ポリエーテル等のマクロサイクリック構造を有する官能基、又は、π共役に寄与しない非共有電子対をもった窒素原子を有する官能基が挙げられる。π共役に寄与しない非共有電子対を有する窒素原子とは、例えば、下記式に示す部分構造を有する窒素原子である。
塩化合物は、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
固形物質(U)は、酸分解性樹脂(「樹脂(P)」ともいう。)を含んでいてもよい。
樹脂(P)は、酸の作用により分解し極性が増大する樹脂である。
樹脂(P)は、酸の作用により分解し極性が増大する基(酸分解性基)を有することが好ましく、酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位を含むことがより好ましい。
酸分解性基は、典型的には、酸の作用により分解して極性基を生じる基である。酸分解性基は、酸の作用により脱離する基(脱離基)で極性基が保護された構造を有することが好ましい。典型的には、樹脂(P)は、酸の作用により極性が増大してアルカリ現像液に対する溶解度が増大し、有機溶剤に対する溶解度が減少する。
酸分解性基は、酸の作用により分解し極性が増大する基である。
酸分解性基は、典型的には、酸の作用により分解して極性基を生じる基である。酸分解性基は、酸の作用により脱離する基(脱離基)で極性基が保護された構造を有することが好ましい。典型的には、樹脂(P)は、酸の作用により極性が増大してアルカリ現像液に対する溶解度が増大し、有機溶剤に対する溶解度が減少する。
上記極性基としては、アルカリ可溶性基が好ましく、例えば、カルボキシ基、フェノール性水酸基、フッ素化アルコール基、スルホン酸基、リン酸基、スルホンアミド基、スルホニルイミド基、(アルキルスルホニル)(アルキルカルボニル)メチレン基、(アルキルスルホニル)(アルキルカルボニル)イミド基、ビス(アルキルカルボニル)メチレン基、ビス(アルキルカルボニル)イミド基、ビス(アルキルスルホニル)メチレン基、ビス(アルキルスルホニル)イミド基、トリス(アルキルカルボニル)メチレン基、及びトリス(アルキルスルホニル)メチレン基等の酸性基、並びにアルコール性水酸基等が挙げられる。
式(Y1):-C(Rx1)(Rx2)(Rx3)
式(Y2):-C(=O)OC(Rx1)(Rx2)(Rx3)
式(Y3):-C(R36)(R37)(OR38)
式(Y4):-C(Rn)(H)(Ar)
なかでも、Rx1~Rx3は、それぞれ独立に、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基を表すことが好ましく、Rx1~Rx3は、それぞれ独立に、直鎖状のアルキル基を表すことがより好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが互いに結合して環(単環及び多環のいずれであってもよい)を形成してもよい。
Rx1~Rx3のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基等の炭素数1~10のアルキル基が好ましく、炭素数1~5のアルキル基がより好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3のシクロアルキル基の炭素数は3~20が好ましく、4~15がより好ましい。シクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基でもよいし、ノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、アダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基でもよい。シクロアルキル基は、例えば、環を構成するメチレン基の1つが、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子、カルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を有する基又はビニリデン基で置き換わっていてもよい。また、シクロアルキル基は、シクロアルカン環を構成するエチレン基の1つ以上が、ビニレン基で置き換わっていてもよい。すなわち、Rx1~Rx3はシクロアルケニレン基でもよい。
Rx1~Rx3のアリール基としては、炭素数6~10のアリール基が好ましく、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基、アントリル基等が挙げられる。
Rx1~Rx3のアラルキル基としては、上述したRx1~Rx3のアルキル基中の1個の水素原子を炭素数6~10のアリール基(好ましくはフェニル基)で置換した基が好ましく、例えば、ベンジル基等が挙げられる。
Rx1~Rx3のアルケニル基としては、炭素数2~20のアルケニル基が挙げられ、炭素数2~10のアルケニル基が好ましく、例えば、ビニル基、アリル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3のアルキニル基としては、炭素数2~20のアルキニル基が挙げられ、炭素数2~10のアルキニル基が好ましく、例えば、エチニル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成される環としては、シクロアルキル基が好ましい。Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、若しくは、シクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基、又はノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、若しくは、アダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましく、炭素数5~6の単環のシクロアルキル基がより好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基は、例えば、環を構成するメチレン基の1つが、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子、カルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を有する基、又はビニリデン基で置き換わっていてもよい。また、シクロアルキル基は、シクロアルカン環を構成するエチレン基の1つ以上が、ビニレン基で置き換わっていてもよい。
式(Y1)又は式(Y2)で表される基は、例えば、Rx1がメチル基又はエチル基であり、Rx2とRx3とが結合して上述のシクロアルキル基を形成している態様が好ましい。
なお、上記アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びアラルキル基には、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子及び/又はカルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を有する基が含まれていてもよい。例えば、上記アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びアラルキル基は、例えば、メチレン基の1つ以上が、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子及び/又はカルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を有する基で置き換わっていてもよい。
また、R38は、繰り返し単位の主鎖が有する別の置換基と互いに結合して、環を形成してもよい。R38と繰り返し単位の主鎖が有する別の置換基とが互いに結合して形成する基は、メチレン基等のアルキレン基が好ましい。
Rb1は水素原子又はメチル基であることが好ましい。
Rp2及びRp3は各々独立に酸の作用により脱離する基を表す。Rp2及びRp3が表す酸の作用により脱離する基としては、前述した式(Y1)~(Y4)で表される基が挙げられる。Rp2が脱離することで、式(Pa1)にはヒドロキシ基(フェノール性水酸基)が生じる。Rp3が脱離することで、式(Pa1)にはカルボキシ基が生じる。
Rb2のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子が好ましい。
Rb2のアルキル基としては、直鎖状及び分岐鎖状のいずれであってもよい。アルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、1~10が好ましく、1~5がより好ましく、1~3が特に好ましい。アルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基等が挙げられる。
Rb2のアルコキシ基及びアルキルチオ基中に含まれるアルキル基の説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、上記Rb2のアルキル基の説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲と同じである。
Rb2のアリール基は、炭素数6~20のアリール基であることが好ましく、炭素数6~15のアリール基であることがより好ましく、フェニル基又はナフチル基であることが更に好ましく、フェニル基であることが特に好ましい。
Rb2のアリールオキシ基中に含まれるアリール基の具体例及び好ましい範囲は、上記Rb2のアリール基の具体例及び好ましい範囲と同じである。
Rb2のヘテロアリール基は、炭素数3~20のヘテロアリール基であることが好ましい。ヘテロアリール基は、酸素原子、硫黄原子及び窒素原子からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1つのヘテロ原子を含むことが好ましい。ヘテロアリール基としては、例えば、ピロール残基、フラン残基、チオフェン残基、インドール残基、ベンゾフラン残基、ベンゾチオフェン残基等が挙げられる。
Rb2のヘテロアリールオキシ基中に含まれるヘテロアリール基の具体例及び好ましい範囲は、上記Rb2のヘテロアリール基の具体例及び好ましい範囲と同じである。
Rb2のエステル基は、-COORb3又は-OCORb3であることが好ましい。Rb3は有機基を表し、アルキル基又はアリール基を表すことが好ましい。Rb3のアルキル基の説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、上記Rb2のアルキル基の説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲と同じである。Rb3のアリール基の具体例及び好ましい範囲は、上記Rb2のアリール基の具体例及び好ましい範囲と同じである。
また、酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位の好ましい一態様として、ハロゲン原子を有しない態様も挙げられる。
酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位については、国際公開第2022/024928号の[0029]~[0075]の記載を援用することができる。上記記載は本明細書に組み込まれる。
A群:以下の(20)~(25)の繰り返し単位からなる群。
(20)酸基を有する繰り返し単位
(21)酸分解性基及び酸基のいずれも有さず、フッ素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位
(22)ラクトン基、スルトン基又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位
(23)光酸発生基を有する繰り返し単位
(24)式(V-1)又は式(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位
(25)主鎖の運動性を低下させるための繰り返し単位
B群:以下の(30)~(32)の繰り返し単位からなる群。
(30)ラクトン基、スルトン基、カーボネート基、水酸基、シアノ基及びアルカリ可溶性基から選ばれる少なくとも1種類の基を有する繰り返し単位
(31)脂環式炭化水素構造を有し、酸分解性を示さない繰り返し単位
(32)水酸基及びシアノ基のいずれも有さない、式(III)で表される繰り返し単位
樹脂(P)は、酸基を有しているのが好ましく、酸基を有する繰り返し単位を含むことが好ましい。樹脂(P)が酸基を有する場合、樹脂(P)と光酸発生剤から発生する酸とが相互作用することで、酸の拡散が抑制されて、形成されるパターンの断面形状が矩形化しやすくなると考えられる。
酸基としては、pKaが13以下の酸基が好ましい。酸基のpKaは、13以下が好ましく、3~13がより好ましく、5~10が更に好ましい。なお、酸基のpKaは、酸基を有する繰り返し単位に対応するモノマーのpKaである。
樹脂(P)が、pKaが13以下の酸基を有する場合、樹脂(P)中における酸基の含有量は特に制限されないが、0.2~6.0mmol/gの場合が多い。なかでも、0.8~6.0mmol/gが好ましく、1.2~5.0mmol/gがより好ましく、1.6~4.0mmol/gが更に好ましい。酸基の含有量が上記範囲内であれば、現像が良好に進行し、形成されるパターン形状に優れ、解像性にも優れる。
酸基としては、例えば、カルボキシル基、フェノール性水酸基、フッ化アルコール基(好ましくはヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基)、スルホン酸基、スルホンアミド基又はイソプロパノール基が好ましい。ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基は、フッ素原子の1つ以上(好ましくは1~2つ)が、フッ素原子以外の基(アルコキシカルボニル基等)で置換されてもよい。酸基としては、このように形成された-C(CF3)(OH)-CF2-も好ましい。また、フッ素原子の1つ以上がフッ素原子以外の基に置換されて、-C(CF3)(OH)-CF2-を含む環を形成してもよい。
酸基は、フェノール性水酸基であることが特に好ましい。
酸基を有する繰り返し単位は、酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位とは異なる繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
酸基を有する繰り返し単位は、ラクトン基、スルトン基又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位とは異なる繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
酸基を有する繰り返し単位は、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有していてもよい。
酸基を有する繰り返し単位の具体例としては、例えば、国際公開第2022/024928号の[0088]~[0089]、[0103]~[0110]に記載の繰り返し単位が挙げられる。上記記載は本明細書に組み込まれる。
樹脂(P)が含む酸基を有する繰り返し単位は、1種でもよいし、2種以上でもよい。樹脂(P)が酸基を有する繰り返し単位を2種以上含む場合は、それらの合計含有量が上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
樹脂(P)は、フェノール性水酸基を有する繰り返し単位を含むことが好ましい。
フェノール性水酸基を有する繰り返し単位は、前述した酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位とは異なる繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
フェノール性水酸基を有する繰り返し単位は、下記式(Pa2)で表される繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
LAは、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。
ArAは、芳香環基を表す。
kは、1~5の整数を表す。
R101、R102及びR103のアルキル基としては、直鎖状及び分岐鎖状のいずれであってもよい。アルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、1~10が好ましく、1~5がより好ましく、1~3が特に好ましい。アルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基等が挙げられる。
R101、R102及びR103のシクロアルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、3~20が好ましく、5~15がより好ましい。R101、R102及びR103のシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、及びシクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基、並びにノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及びアダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
R101、R102及びR103のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、及びヨウ素原子が挙げられ、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子が好ましい。
R101、R102及びR103のアルコキシカルボニル基中に含まれるアルキル基としては直鎖状及び分岐鎖状のいずれであってもよい。アルコキシカルボニル基中に含まれるアルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、1~5が好ましく、1~3がより好ましい。
kが2以上の整数である場合における(k+1)価の芳香環基の具体例としては、2価の芳香環基の上記した具体例から、(k-1)個の任意の水素原子を除してなる基が挙げられる。
(k+1)価の芳香環基は、更に置換基を有していてもよい。
(k+1)価の芳香環基が有し得る置換基としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、ヘキシル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、オクチル基、ドデシル基等のアルキル基;メトキシ基、エトキシ基、ヒドロキシエトキシ基、プロポキシ基、ヒドロキシプロポキシ基、ブトキシ基等のアルコキシ基;フェニル基等のアリール基;等が挙げられる。
ArAは炭素数6~18の芳香環基を表すことが好ましく、ベンゼン環基、ナフタレン環基又はビフェニレン環基を表すことがより好ましい。
LAが表す2価の連結基としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、-COO-、-CONR104-、アルキレン基、又はこれらの基の2種以上を組み合わせてなる基が挙げられる。上記R104は水素原子又はアルキル基を表す。
上記アルキレン基としては、特に限定されないが、メチレン基、エチレン基、プロピレン基、ブチレン基、ヘキシレン基、及びオクチレン基等の炭素数1~8のアルキレン基が好ましい。
R104がアルキル基を表す場合のアルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、ヘキシル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、オクチル基、ドデシル基等の炭素数20以下のアルキル基が挙げられ、炭素数8以下のアルキル基が好ましい。
kは1~3の整数を表すことが好ましく、1又は2を表すことがより好ましい。
樹脂(P)が含むフェノール性水酸基を有する繰り返し単位は、1種でもよいし、2種以上でもよい。樹脂(P)がフェノール性水酸基を有する繰り返し単位を2種以上含む場合は、それらの合計含有量が上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
樹脂(P)は、前述の<酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位>及び<酸基を有する繰り返し単位>とは別に、酸分解性基及び酸基のいずれも有さず、フッ素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位(以下、「単位X」ともいう。)を有していてもよい。ここで言う<酸分解性基及び酸基のいずれも有さず、フッ素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位>は、後述の<ラクトン基、スルトン基又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位>及び<光酸発生基を有する繰り返し単位>等のA群に属する他の種類の繰り返し単位とは異なることが好ましい。
フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位の具体例としては、例えば、国際公開第2022/024928号の[0116]~[0117]に記載の繰り返し単位が挙げられる。上記記載は本明細書に組み込まれる。
樹脂(P)は、ラクトン基、スルトン基又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位(以下、「単位Y」ともいう。)を有していてもよい。
単位Yは、水酸基及びヘキサフルオロプロパノール基等の酸基を有さないことも好ましい。
カーボネート基としては、環状炭酸エステル基が好ましい。
環状炭酸エステル基を有する繰り返し単位については、例えば、国際公開第2022/024928号の[0127]~[0133]の記載を参照できる。上記記載は本明細書に組み込まれる。
Rb0のアルキル基は置換基を有していてもよい。Rb0のアルキル基が有していてもよい置換基としては、水酸基、ハロゲン原子が挙げられる。
Rb0のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられる。Rb0は水素原子又はメチル基であることが好ましい。
Abは単結合、アルキレン基、単環又は多環の脂環式炭化水素構造を有する2価の連結基、エーテル基、エステル基、カルボニル基又はこれらを組み合わせた2価の連結基を表す。なかでも、Abとしては、単結合、又は-Ab1-CO2-で表される連結基が好ましい。Ab1は、直鎖状若しくは分岐鎖状のアルキレン基、又は単環若しくは多環のシクロアルキレン基であり、メチレン基、エチレン基、シクロヘキシレン基、アダマンチレン基、又はノルボルニレン基が好ましい。
Vは、式(LC1-1)~(LC1-22)のいずれかで表されるラクトン構造の環員原子から水素原子を1つ取り除いてなる基、式(SL1-1)~(SL1-3)のいずれかで表されるスルトン構造の環員原子から水素原子を1つ取り除いてなる基又は式(CC1-1)~(CC1-2)のいずれかで表される環状炭酸エステル構造の環員原子から水素原子を1つ取り除いてなる基を表す。
樹脂(P)は、活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸を発生する基(「光酸発生基」ともいう。)を有する繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
光酸発生基を有する繰り返し単位としては、式(4)で表される繰り返し単位が挙げられる。
アルキレン基は、直鎖状及び分岐鎖状のいずれであってもよい。アルキレン基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、1~10が好ましい。
シクロアルキレン基は単環のシクロアルキレン基でも多環のシクロアルキレン基でもよい。シクロアルキレン基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、3~20が好ましく、5~15がより好ましい。
アリーレン基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、6~20が好ましく、6~10がより好ましい。
アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基及びアリーレン基は置換基を有していてもよく、置換基としては上記置換基Tが挙げられる。
酸の残基とは、酸からプロトンが解離してなる基である。
Q-は、カルボキシレートアニオン基(COO-)、スルホネートアニオン基(SO3 -)、又はスルホンアミド基(N--SO2RN1で表される。RN1は有機基を表し、炭素数1~10の有機基が挙げられ、アルキル基、フルオロアルキル基又はアリール基が好ましい。)が好ましく、スルホネートアニオン基がより好ましい。
M+についての説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の塩化合物におけるM+と同じである。
樹脂(P)は、下記式(V-1)又は下記式(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
下記式(V-1)で表される繰り返し単位及び下記式(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位は前述した各繰り返し単位とは異なる繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
式(V-1)又は式(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位としては、例えば、国際公開第2018/193954号の段落[0100]に記載された繰り返し単位が挙げられる。
樹脂(P)は、発生酸の過剰な拡散又は現像時のパターン崩壊を抑制できる点から、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が高くてもよい。Tgは90℃より大きくてもよく、100℃より大きくてもよく、110℃より大きくてもよく、125℃より大きくてもよい。現像液への溶解速度が優れる点から、Tgは400℃以下であってもよく、350℃以下であってもよい。
本明細書において、樹脂(P)等のポリマーのガラス転移温度(Tg)(以下「繰り返し単位のTg」)は、以下の方法で算出する。まず、ポリマー中に含まれる各繰り返し単位のみからなるホモポリマーのTgを、Bicerano法によりそれぞれ算出する。次に、ポリマー中の全繰り返し単位に対する、各繰り返し単位の質量割合(%)を算出する。次に、Foxの式(Materials Letters 62(2008)3152等に記載)を用いて各質量割合におけるTgを算出して、それらを総和して、ポリマーのTg(℃)とする。
Bicerano法は、Prediction of polymer properties, Marcel Dekker Inc,New York(1993)に記載されている。Bicerano法によるTgの算出は、ポリマーの物性概算ソフトウェアMDL Polymer(MDL Information Systems,Inc.)を用いて行うことができる。
樹脂(P)はラクトン基、スルトン基、カーボネート基、水酸基、シアノ基及びアルカリ可溶性基から選ばれる少なくとも1種類の基を有する繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
樹脂(P)が有するラクトン基、スルトン基又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位としては、前述した<ラクトン基、スルトン基又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位>で説明した繰り返し単位が挙げられる。好ましい含有量も前述した<ラクトン基、スルトン基又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位>で説明した通りである。
水酸基又はシアノ基を有する繰り返し単位は、水酸基又はシアノ基で置換された脂環式炭化水素構造を有する繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
水酸基又はシアノ基を有する繰り返し単位は、酸分解性基を有さないことが好ましい。水酸基又はシアノ基を有する繰り返し単位としては、特開2014-098921号公報の段落[0081]~[0084]に記載のものが挙げられる。
アルカリ可溶性基としては、例えば、カルボキシル基、スルホンアミド基、スルホニルイミド基、ビススルホニルイミド基、及びα位が電子求引性基で置換された脂肪族アルコール基(例えば、ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基)が挙げられ、カルボキシル基が好ましい。樹脂(P)がアルカリ可溶性基を有する繰り返し単位を含むことにより、特にコンタクトホール用途での解像性が向上する。アルカリ可溶性基を有する繰り返し単位としては、特開2014-098921号公報の段落[0085]及び[0086]に記載のものが挙げられる。
樹脂(P)は脂環式炭化水素構造を有し、酸分解性を示さない繰り返し単位を有してもよい。これにより液浸露光時にレジスト膜から液浸液への低分子成分の溶出が低減できる。脂環式炭化水素構造を有し、酸分解性を示さない繰り返し単位として、例えば、1-アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジアマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、トリシクロデカニル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート由来の繰り返し単位などが挙げられる。
樹脂(P)は、水酸基及びシアノ基のいずれも有さない、式(III)で表される繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
水酸基及びシアノ基のいずれも有さない、式(III)で表される繰り返し単位としては、特開2014-098921号公報の段落[0087]~[0094]に記載のものが挙げられる。
更に、樹脂(P)は、上述した繰り返し単位以外のその他の繰り返し単位を有してもよい。
樹脂(P)は、例えば、オキサチアン環基を有する繰り返し単位、オキサゾロン環基を有する繰り返し単位、ジオキサン環基を有する繰り返し単位、及びヒダントイン環基を有する繰り返し単位からなる群から選択される繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。このような繰り返し単位としては、例えば、国際公開第2022/024928号の[0170]に記載のものが挙げられる。
GPC法によりポリスチレン換算値として、樹脂(P)の重量平均分子量(Mw)は、30000以下が好ましく、1000~30000がより好ましく、3000~30000が更に好ましく、5000~15000が特に好ましい。
樹脂(P)の分散度(分子量分布、Pd、Mw/Mn)は、1~5が好ましく、1~3がより好ましく、1.0~3.0が更に好ましく、1.1~2.0が特に好ましい。分散度が小さいものほど、解像度、及びレジスト形状がより優れ、更に、レジストパターンの側壁がよりスムーズであり、ラフネス性にもより優れる。
樹脂(P)は、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上使用してもよい。樹脂(P)を2種以上使用する場合は、それらの合計含有量が上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
固形物質(U)は、前述の樹脂(P)とは異なる、フェノール性水酸基を有する樹脂(「樹脂(N)」ともいう。)を含んでいてもよい。
フェノール性水酸基を有する繰り返し単位の具体例、樹脂(N)が有すると好ましい基、及びその他の繰り返し単位については、国際公開第2016/136563号の[0238]~[0307]の内容を援用する。
樹脂(N)は1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上使用してもよい。樹脂(N)を2種以上使用する場合は、それらの合計含有量が上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
固形物質(U)は、架橋剤を含んでいてもよい。
架橋剤としては、フェノール性水酸基を有する化合物と結合を形成することができる化合物が好ましい。
架橋剤は、架橋性基として、ヒドロキシメチル基、アルコキシメチル基、アシルオキシメチル基若しくはアルコキシメチルエーテル基を2個以上有する化合物、又はエポキシ化合物であることが好ましい。
架橋剤として、更に好ましくは、アルコキシメチル化、アシルオキシメチル化メラミン化合物、アルコキシメチル化、アシルオキシメチル化ウレア化合物、ヒドロキシメチル化又はアルコキシメチル化フェノール化合物、及びアルコキシメチルエーテル化フェノール化合物等が挙げられる。
式(CL-2)中、Rc7は水素原子又は有機基(好ましくは炭素数1~30の有機基)を表し、*はRc2~Rc6のいずれかにおける結合部位を表す。
式(CL-3)中、Lc1は連結基又は単結合を表し、*はRc1~Rc6のいずれかにおける結合部位を表し、e1は2~5の整数を表す。
また、Rc2~Rc6の少なくとも1つは式(CL-2)で表される構造である。式(CL-2)中のRc7により表される有機基としては、前述したRc1~Rc6により表される有機基と同様の具体例が挙げられる。1分子中に式(CL-2)で表される構造を2個以上有することが好ましい。
式(CL-3)中のLc1により表される連結基としては、例えば、アルキレン基、アリーレン基、カルボン酸エステル結合、炭酸エステル結合、エーテル結合、チオエーテル結合、スルホ基、スルホン基、ウレタン結合、ウレア結合、又はこれらの2以上を組み合わせた基などが挙げられ、好ましくは、アルキレン基、アリーレン基、カルボン酸エステル結合が挙げられる。
e1は2又は3を表すことが好ましい。
RNM2は水素原子、アルキル基(炭素数1~6が好ましい)、又はシクロアルキル基(炭素数5~6が好ましい)を表す。複数のRNM2は同じでもよいし、異なっていてもよい。
RNM3は水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基(炭素数1~6が好ましい)、シクロアルキル基(炭素数5~6が好ましい)、オキソアルキル基(炭素数1~6が好ましい)、アルコキシ基(炭素数1~6が好ましい)又はオキソアルコキシ基(炭素数1~6が好ましい)を表す。複数のRNM3は同じでもよいし、異なっていてもよい。
Gは単結合、酸素原子、硫黄原子、アルキレン基(炭素数1~3が好ましい)又はカルボニル基を表す。
RNM4は水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基又はアルコキシ基を表す。複数のRNM4は同じでもよいし、異なっていてもよい。
RNM5は水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基又は下記式(CLNM-5’)で表される原子団を表す。複数のRNM5は同じでもよいし、異なっていてもよい。
RNM6は水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、又は下記式(CLNM-5’’)で表される原子団を表す。
式(CLNM-5’’)中、RNM1は、式(CLNM-1)中のRNM1と同じ意味を表す。RNM5は、式(CLNM-5)中のRNM5と同じ意味を表す。
架橋剤は1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
固形物質(U)は、酸拡散制御剤を含んでいてもよい。
酸拡散制御剤は、露光時に光酸発生剤等から発生する酸をトラップし、余分な発生酸による、未露光部における酸分解性樹脂の反応を抑制するクエンチャーとして作用する。
酸拡散制御剤の種類は特に制限されず、例えば、塩基性化合物(DA)、窒素原子を有し、酸の作用により脱離する基を有する低分子化合物(DB)、及び、活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸拡散制御能が低下又は消失する化合物(DC)が挙げられる。
化合物(DC)としては、活性光線又は放射線の照射により、光酸発生剤が発生する酸に対して相対的に弱酸となる酸を発生するオニウム塩化合物(「光酸発生剤に対して相対的に弱酸となるオニウム塩化合物」ともいう)(DD)、及び、活性光線又は放射線の照射により塩基性が低下又は消失する塩基性化合物(DE)が挙げられる。
塩基性化合物(DA)の具体例としては、例えば、国際公開第2020/066824号の段落[0132]~[0136]に記載のものが挙げられ、活性光線又は放射線の照射により塩基性が低下又は消失する塩基性化合物(DE)の具体例としては、国際公開第2020/066824号の段落[0137]~[0155]に記載のもの、及び国際公開第2020/066824号公報の段落[0164]に記載のものが挙げられ、窒素原子を有し、酸の作用により脱離する基を有する低分子化合物(DB)の具体例としては、国際公開第2020/066824号の段落[0156]~[0163]に記載のものが挙げられる。
光酸発生剤に対して相対的に弱酸となるオニウム塩化合物(DD)としては、前述の塩化合物を用いることもできる。
光酸発生剤に対して相対的に弱酸となるオニウム塩化合物(DD)の具体例としては、例えば、国際公開第2020/158337号の段落[0305]~[0314]に記載のものが挙げられる。
酸拡散制御剤は、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
固形物質(U)は、疎水性樹脂を含んでいてもよい。疎水性樹脂は前述の樹脂(P)及び樹脂(N)とは異なる樹脂(「疎水性樹脂(E)」ともいう。)である。
疎水性樹脂(E)はレジスト膜の表面に偏在するように設計されることが好ましいが、界面活性剤とは異なり、必ずしも分子内に親水基を有する必要はなく、極性物質及び非極性物質の均一な混合に寄与しなくてもよい。
疎水性樹脂(E)の添加による効果として、水に対するレジスト膜表面の静的及び動的な接触角の制御、並びに、アウトガスの抑制が挙げられる。
疎水性樹脂(E)としては、国際公開第2020/004306号の段落[0275]~[0279]に記載される化合物が挙げられる。
疎水性樹脂(E)は、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
固形物質(U)は、前述した成分とは異なるフェノール性水酸基を有する化合物(「化合物(F)」ともいう。)を含んでいてもよい。化合物(F)は、フェノール性水酸基を分子内に1個以上含む化合物である。
化合物(F)の分子量は、100以上2000以下であることが好ましく、400以上1200以下であることがより好ましい。
化合物(F)としては、例えば、特開2021-92779号公報の[0225]~[0233]に記載の化合物、国際公開第2021/215163号の[0140]~[0149]に記載の化合物を用いることができる。
また、化合物(F)としては、下記式(FL-1)~(FL-12)のいずれかで示されるフェノール化合物を用いてもよい。下記式中、Lf1~Lf8はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は置換基を表し、一分子中の少なくとも1つは水素原子である。Lf1~Lf8が置換基である場合、アルキル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基であることが好ましい。
アルキル基の炭素数は特に限定されないが、例えば、1~20であってもよく、1~10であってもよく、1~6であってもよい。アルキル基は直鎖状及び分岐鎖状のいずれであってもよい。アルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、n-ヘキシル基等が挙げられる。アラルキル基におけるアルキル基部分についても上記と同様である。
アリール基は単環及び多環(例えば、2~6環等)のいずれであってもよい。アリール基の環員原子の数は特に限定されないが、例えば、6~20であってもよく、6~15であってもよく、6~10であってもよい。アリール基としては、フェニル基、ナフチル基又はアントラニル基が好ましく、フェニル基がより好ましい。アラルキル基におけるアリール基部分についても上記と同様である。
化合物(F)は1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
固形物質(U)は、界面活性剤を含んでいてもよい。
界面活性剤は、フッ素系及び/又はシリコン系界面活性剤が好ましい。
フッ素系及び/又はシリコン系界面活性剤としては、国際公開第2018/193954号の段落[0218]及び[0219]に開示された界面活性剤が挙げられる。
界面活性剤は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。
界面活性剤は、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
固形物質(U)は、上記したもの以外のその他の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。その他の添加剤としては、例えば、架橋剤、溶解阻止化合物、染料、可塑剤、光増感剤、光吸収剤、及び/又は、現像液に対する溶解性を促進させる化合物(例えば、分子量1000以下のフェノール化合物又はカルボキシル基を含む脂環族若しくは脂肪族化合物)などが挙げられる。
上記「溶解阻止化合物」とは、酸の作用により分解して有機系現像液中での溶解度が減少する、分子量3000以下の化合物である。
その他の添加剤は、1種のみ使用してもよいし、2種以上使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
本発明の溶液の製造方法は、更に濃縮工程を有していてもよい。すなわち、本発明の溶液の製造方法では、溶液化工程で得られた溶液を濃縮してもよい。濃縮を行うことで、残留する低沸点化合物を除去することができる。濃縮の際は、溶液化工程と同様に内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器を用いることが好ましい。
濃縮を行う際は、公知の濃縮方法を用いることができる。また濃縮は常圧で行ってもよいし、減圧下で行ってもよいが、減圧下で行うことが好ましい。
減圧下で濃縮を行う場合の減圧度は、50kPa以下が好ましく、40kPa以下がより好ましく、30kPa以下が更に好ましい。減圧度の下限値は特に限定されないが、例えば、0.05kPa以上であってもよい。
濃縮中の温度は特に限定されないが、20℃以上が好ましく、30℃以上がより好ましく、40℃以上が更に好ましい。また、濃縮中の温度は、90℃以下が好ましく、70℃以下がより好ましく、50℃以下が更に好ましい。
濃縮は攪拌しながら行うのが好ましい。攪拌には攪拌翼、マグネチックスターラー、ロータリーエバポレーター等を用いることができる。攪拌翼及びマグネチックスターラーを用いる場合、溶液に触れる攪拌翼及びスターラーチップの表面は樹脂で覆われていることが好ましい。
本発明のレジスト組成物の製造方法は、前述の溶液の製造方法により製造した溶液(溶液(Z))を用いてレジスト組成物を調製する、レジスト組成物の製造方法(「レジスト組成物の製造方法の第一態様」ともいう。)であってもよい。
レジスト組成物の製造方法の第一態様では、溶液(Z)のみを用いてレジスト組成物を調製してもよいし、溶液(Z)に加えて、その他の成分を用いてもよい。その他の成分としては、固形物質(「固形物質(V)」ともいう。)、溶剤(「溶剤(T)」ともいう。
)などが挙げられる。
固形物質(V)は、溶液(Z)に含まれている固形物質(固形物質(U))と同じ固形物質でもよいし、固形物質(U)とは異なる固形物質でもよいし、固形物質(U)と同じ固形物質と固形物質(U)とは異なる固形物質との混合物でもよい。
溶剤(T)は、溶液(Z)に含まれている溶剤(S)と同じ溶剤でもよいし、溶剤(S)とは異なる溶剤でもよいし、溶剤(S)と同じ溶剤と溶剤(S)とは異なる溶剤との混合溶剤でもよい。
溶剤(T)の説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の溶剤(S)におけるものと同様である。
溶剤(T)は、有機溶剤であることが好ましい。
溶剤(T)は、単独の溶剤からなっていてもよいし、2種以上の溶剤を含む混合溶剤であってもよい。
有機溶剤としては、(M1)プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテルカルボキシレート、並びに、(M2)プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、乳酸エステル、酢酸エステル、アルコキシプロピオン酸エステル、鎖状ケトン、環状ケトン、ラクトン、及びアルキレンカーボネートからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの少なくとも一方を含んでいることが好ましい。なお、上記溶剤は、成分(M1)及び(M2)以外の成分を更に含んでいてもよい。
成分(M1)及び成分(M2)の詳細は、国際公開第2020/004306号の段落[0218]~[0226]に記載され、これらの内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。
溶剤(T)が成分(M1)及び(M2)以外の成分を更に含む場合、成分(M1)及び(M2)以外の成分の含有量は、溶剤(T)の全量に対して、5~30質量%が好ましい。
溶剤(T)の使用量は特に限定されないが、レジスト組成物の製造方法の第一態様により製造されるレジスト組成物の固形分濃度が0.5~30質量%となるように定めるのが好ましく、1~20質量%となるように定めることがより好ましい。
固形物質(V)の説明、具体例及び好ましい範囲は、前述の固形物質(U)におけるものと同様である。
固形物質(V)が塩化合物を含む場合、塩化合物の含有量は特に限定されないが、レジスト組成物の製造方法の第一態様により製造されるレジスト組成物中の全固形分に対して、0.1質量%以上60.0質量%以下が好ましく、0.5質量%以上50.0質量%以下がより好ましく、1.0質量%以上40.0質量%以下が更に好ましい。
塩化合物は、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
樹脂(P)は、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上使用してもよい。樹脂(P)を2種以上使用する場合は、それらの合計含有量が上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
樹脂(N)は、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上使用してもよい。樹脂(N)を2種以上使用する場合は、それらの合計含有量が上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
架橋剤は1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
酸拡散制御剤は、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
疎水性樹脂(E)は、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
化合物(F)は1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
界面活性剤は、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。2種以上使用する場合は、その合計含有量が、上記好適含有量の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
固形物質(V)を溶液(Z)又は溶剤(T)に溶解させる際の温度は特に限定されないが、0~90℃であることが好ましく10~70℃であることがより好ましく、15~50℃であることが特に好ましい。
固形物質(V)を溶液(Z)又は溶剤(T)に溶解させる際、溶液(Z)又は溶剤(T)を攪拌してもよい。攪拌には攪拌翼(攪拌羽)、マグネチックスターラー、ロータリーミキサー等を用いることができる。攪拌翼及びマグネチックスターラーを用いる場合、溶液(Z)又は溶剤(T)に触れる攪拌翼及びスターラーチップの表面が樹脂で覆われていることが好ましい。樹脂としては、前述の容器に用いられる樹脂と同様のものが挙げられる。
なお、固形物質(V)の溶液(Z)又は溶剤(T)への溶解は、例えば、前述の溶液(Z)の製造方法において記載した方法と同様の方法で確認することができる。
本発明のレジスト組成物の製造方法は、内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器に、レジスト組成物の成分として用いられる1種以上の固形物質と溶剤とを入れ、上記1種以上の固形物質からなる固形分の一部又は全部を溶解させる工程を有する、レジスト組成物の製造方法(「レジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様」ともいう。)であってもよい。
前述のレジスト組成物の製造方法の第一態様は、溶液(Z)を用いてレジスト組成物を調製するのに対して、レジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様では、溶液(Z)を用いなくてもよい。レジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様では、例えば、溶液(Z)を用いずに、乾燥粉体又は湿粉である固形物質を用いてもよい。ただし、レジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様でも、溶液(Z)を用いてもよい。
レジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様で用いる内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器については、前述の溶液(Z)の製造方法におけるものと同様である。
レジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様で用いる固形物質については、前述の固形物質(U)と同様である。また、レジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様で用いる固形物質が、塩化合物を含む場合の塩化合物の含有量、樹脂(P)を含む場合の樹脂(P)の含有量、酸拡散制御剤を含む場合の酸拡散制御剤の含有量、疎水性樹脂(E)を含む場合の樹疎水性樹脂(E)の含有量、及び界面活性剤を含む場合の界面活性剤の含有量は、それぞれ前述のレジスト組成物の製造方法の第一態様におけるものと同様である。
レジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様で用いる溶剤については、前述の溶剤(S)と同様である。
溶剤の使用量は、レジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様で製造されるレジスト組成物の固形分濃度が0.5~30質量%となるように定めるのが好ましく、1~20質量%となるように定めることがより好ましい。
固形物質を溶剤に溶解させる際、溶液を攪拌してもよい。攪拌には攪拌翼(攪拌羽)、マグネチックスターラー、ロータリーミキサー等を用いることができる。攪拌翼及びマグネチックスターラーを用いる場合、溶液に触れる攪拌翼及びスターラーチップの表面が樹脂で覆われていることが好ましい。樹脂としては、前述の容器に用いられる樹脂と同様のものが挙げられる。
なお、固形物質の溶剤への溶解は、例えば、前述の溶液(Z)の製造方法において記載した方法と同様の方法で確認することができる。
レジスト組成物の製造方法の第一態様及びレジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様により製造されたレジスト組成物は、ポジ型のレジスト組成物であっても、ネガ型のレジスト組成物であってもよい。上記レジスト組成物は、アルカリ現像用のレジスト組成物であっても、有機溶剤現像用のレジスト組成物であってもよい。上記レジスト組成物は、化学増幅型のレジスト組成物であっても、非化学増幅型のレジスト組成物であってもよい。
上記レジスト組成物を用いてレジスト膜を形成することができる。
本発明は、前述したレジスト組成物の製造方法の第一態様又はレジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様により製造したレジスト組成物を用いてレジスト膜を形成するレジスト膜形成工程と、レジスト膜を露光する露光工程と、露光されたレジスト膜を現像液を用いて現像する現像工程とを含む、パターン形成方法にも関する。
本発明のパターン形成方法の手順は、以下の工程を有することが好ましい。
工程1:レジスト組成物の製造方法の第一態様又はレジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様により製造したレジスト組成物を用いて、基板上にレジスト膜を形成する工程
工程2:レジスト膜を露光する工程
工程3:露光されたレジスト膜を現像液を用いて現像する工程
以下、上記それぞれの工程の手順について詳述する。
工程1は、レジスト組成物の製造方法の第一態様又はレジスト組成物の製造方法の第二態様により製造したレジスト組成物を用いて、基板上にレジスト膜を形成する工程である。
なお、塗布前にレジスト組成物を必要に応じてフィルター濾過することが好ましい。フィルターのポアサイズは、0.1μm以下が好ましく、0.05μm以下がより好ましく、0.03μm以下が更に好ましい。フィルターは、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン製、ポリエチレン製、又は、ナイロン製が好ましい。
レジスト組成物の塗布後、基板を乾燥し、レジスト膜を形成してもよい。なお、必要により、レジスト膜の下層に、各種下地膜(無機膜、有機膜、反射防止膜)を形成してもよい。
トップコート組成物は、レジスト膜と混合せず、更にレジスト膜上層に均一に塗布できることが好ましい。トップコートは、特に限定されず、従来公知のトップコートを、従来公知の方法によって形成でき、例えば、特開2014-059543号公報の段落[0072]~[0082]の記載に基づいてトップコートを形成できる。
例えば、特開2013-61648号公報に記載されたような塩基性化合物を含むトップコートを、レジスト膜上に形成することが好ましい。トップコートが含み得る塩基性化合物の具体的な例は、本発明の組成物が含んでいてもよい塩基性化合物が挙げられる。
トップコートは、エーテル結合、チオエーテル結合、水酸基、チオール基、カルボニル結合、及びエステル結合からなる群より選択される基又は結合を少なくとも1つ含む化合物を含むことも好ましい。
工程2は、レジスト膜を露光する工程である。
露光の方法としては、形成したレジスト膜に所定のマスクを通して活性光線又は放射線を照射する方法が挙げられる。
活性光線又は放射線としては、赤外光、可視光、紫外光、遠紫外光、極紫外光、X線、及び電子線が挙げられ、250nm以下が好ましく、220nm以下がより好ましく、1~200nmの波長の遠紫外光が特に好ましく、具体的には、KrFエキシマレーザー(248nm)、ArFエキシマレーザー(193nm)、F2エキシマレーザー(157nm)、EUV(13.5nm)、X線、及び電子ビームである。
特に、電子ビームを用いてウェハ上に大面積のパターンを形成する場合は、電子線用近接効果補正ソフトを用いてもよい。上記ソフトを用いることで、照射エネルギーを描画位置ごとに補正することが可能となり、パターンの中心部と外周部のパターン形状均一性が改善することが可能となる。
加熱温度は80~150℃が好ましく、80~140℃がより好ましく、80~130℃が更に好ましい。
加熱時間は10~1000秒が好ましく、10~180秒がより好ましく、30~120秒が更に好ましい。
加熱は通常の露光機及び/又は現像機に備わっている手段で実施でき、ホットプレート等を用いて行ってもよい。
この工程は露光後ベークともいう。
工程3は、現像液を用いて、露光されたレジスト膜を現像し、パターンを形成する工程である。
現像液は、アルカリ現像液であっても、有機溶剤を含有する現像液(以下、有機系現像液ともいう)であってもよい。
また、現像を行う工程の後に、他の溶剤に置換しながら、現像を停止する工程を実施してもよい。
現像時間は未露光部の樹脂が十分に溶解する時間であれば特に制限はなく、10~300秒が好ましく、20~120秒がより好ましい。
現像液の温度は0~50℃が好ましく、15~35℃がより好ましい。
有機系現像液に対する有機溶剤の含有量は、現像液の全量に対して、50質量%以上100質量%以下が好ましく、80質量%以上100質量%以下がより好ましく、90質量%以上100質量%以下が更に好ましく、95質量%以上100質量%以下が特に好ましい。
パターン形成方法は、工程3の後に、リンス液を用いて洗浄する工程を含むことが好ましい。
リンス液には、界面活性剤を適当量添加してもよい。
また、パターン形成方法は、リンス工程の後に加熱工程(Post Bake)を含んでいてもよい。本工程により、ベークによりパターン間及びパターン内部に残留した現像液及びリンス液が除去される。また、本工程により、レジストパターンがなまされ、パターンの表面荒れが改善される効果もある。リンス工程の後の加熱工程は、通常40~250℃(好ましくは90~200℃)で、通常10秒間~3分間(好ましくは30秒間~120秒間)行う。
基板(又は、下層膜及び基板)の加工方法は特に限定されないが、工程3で形成されたパターンをマスクとして、基板(又は、下層膜及び基板)に対してドライエッチングを行うことにより、基板にパターンを形成する方法が好ましい。ドライエッチングは、酸素プラズマエッチングが好ましい。
薬液配管としては、例えば、SUS(ステンレス鋼)、又は、帯電防止処理の施されたポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、若しくは、フッ素樹脂(ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、又は、パーフルオロアルコキシ樹脂等)で被膜された各種配管を使用できる。フィルター及びO-リングに関しても同様に、帯電防止処理の施されたポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、又は、フッ素樹脂(ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、又は、パーフルオロアルコキシ樹脂等)を使用できる。
本発明は、上記したパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法、及びこの製造方法により製造された電子デバイスにも関する。
本発明の電子デバイスの好ましい態様としては、電気電子機器(家電、OA(Office Automation)、メディア関連機器、光学用機器及び通信機器等)に搭載される態様が挙げられる。
以下の固形物質を使用した。
A-1~A-5は樹脂である(A-1~A-3は樹脂(P)であり、A-4及びA-5は樹脂(N)である)。A-1~A-5の繰り返し単位の括弧に付された添え字は各繰り返し単位の含有量を表す。繰り返し単位の含有量は、各樹脂中の全繰り返し単位に対するモル比率である。繰り返し単位の含有量は、13C-NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance)により測定した。
また、A-1~A-5については、重量平均分子量(Mw)、及び分散度(Pd)も示す。Mw及びPdはGPC(キャリア:テトラヒドロフラン(THF))により測定した(ポリスチレン換算量である)。
B-1~B-8、C-1、C-2及びD-2は塩化合物である。
B-6~B-8、C-1及びC-2は光酸発生剤として使用した。
B-1~B-5、D-1及びD-2は酸拡散制御剤として使用した。
E-1及びE-2は架橋剤である。
W-1~W-6は界面活性剤である。
W-2:メガファックR08(DIC(株)製;フッ素及びシリコン系)
W-3:ポリシロキサンポリマーKP-341(信越化学工業(株)製;シリコン系) W-4:トロイゾルS-366(トロイケミカル(株)製)
W-5:KH-20(旭硝子(株)製)
W-6:PolyFox PF-6320(OMNOVA Solutions Inc.製;フッ素系)
使用した溶剤を以下に示す。
SL-1:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)
SL-2:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルプロピオネート
SL-3:2-ヘプタノン
SL-4:乳酸エチル
SL-5:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(PGME)
SL-6:シクロヘキサノン
SL-7:γ-ブチロラクトン
SL-8:プロピレンカーボネート
SL-9:ジアセトンアルコール
以下に、A-1の合成例を示す。その他の樹脂についても同様の方法又はその他の公知の方法で合成した。
シクロヘキサノン(31.3g)を窒素気流下にて85℃に加熱した。この液を攪拌しながら、この液に、4-ビニルフェノール(14.4g)、AS-1(15.4g)、シクロヘキサノン(58.0g)、及び、2,2’-アゾビスイソ酪酸ジメチル〔V-601、富士フイルム和光純薬社製〕(3.4g)の混合溶液を3時間かけて滴下し、反応液を得た。滴下終了後、反応液を85℃にて更に3時間攪拌した。得られた反応液を放冷後、1400gの酢酸エチル/ヘプタン(質量比1:9)で再沈殿した後、ろ過し、得られた固体を真空乾燥することで、A-1(24.1g)を得た。
B-1を国際公開第2015/019983号に記載の方法で合成した。その他の塩化合物についても同様の方法又はその他の公知の方法で合成した。
(実施例1 溶液B-1-1の製造)
B-1(15g)をアイセロ社製の容積250mLクリーンボトル(商品名AC-250)に投入した後、SL-5(135g)を添加し、ローラーミキサーを用いて、25℃で1時間攪拌することで、B-1の10質量%溶液(溶液B-1-1)を得た。
B-1(15g)をフロンケミカル社製の容積500mL PTFEセパラブルフラスコに投入した後、SL-5(135g)を添加し、PTFE攪拌羽(形状:半月型、サイズ:4cm)を用い、25℃で1時間攪拌することにより、B-1の10質量%溶液(溶液B-1-2)を得た。
B-1(15g)を三商社製の容積300mL PFA内面コートナスフラスコに投入した後、SL-5(150g)を添加し、PTFE攪拌羽(形状:半月型、サイズ:4cm)を用い、25℃で1時間の攪拌することにより溶解させた。その後、この液を、ロータリーエバポレーターを用いて45℃で濃縮し、B-1の10質量%溶液(溶液B-1-3)を得た。
B-1に代えてB-2を用い、かつ、SL-5に代えてSL-2を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、B-2の10質量%溶液(溶液B-2-1)を得た。
B-1に代えてB-3を用い、かつ、SL-5に代えてSL-9を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、B-3の10質量%溶液(溶液B-3-1)を得た。
B-1に代えてB-4を用い、かつ、SL-5に代えてSL-1/SL-5(質量比7/3)を用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様にして、B-4の10質量%溶液(溶液B-4-1)を得た。
B-1に代えてB-5を用い、かつ、SL-5に代えてSL-4を用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様にして、B-5の10質量%溶液(溶液B-5-1)を得た。
B-1に代えてB-6を用い、かつ、SL-5に代えてSL-6を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、B-6の10質量%溶液(溶液B-6-1)を得た。
B-1に代えてB-7を用い、かつ、SL-5に代えてSL-7を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、B-7の10質量%溶液(溶液B-7-1)を得た。
B-1に代えてB-8を用い、かつ、SL-5に代えてSL-8を用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様にして、B-8の10質量%溶液(溶液B-8-1)を得た。
B-1に代えてA-1を用い、かつ、SL-5に代えてSL-1を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、A-1の10質量%溶液(溶液A-1-1)を得た。
B-1(60g)をアイセロ社製の容積1Lクリーンボトル(商品名AC-1L)に投入した後、SL-5(540g)を添加し、ローラーミキサーを用いて、25℃で1時間攪拌することで、B-1の10質量%溶液(溶液B-1-1-2)を得た。
B-1(1500g)をアイセロ社製の容積20Lクリーンボトル(商品名AS050C)に投入した後、SL-5(13500g)を添加し、ローラーミキサーを用いて、25℃で1時間攪拌することで、B-1の10質量%溶液(溶液B-1-1-3)を得た。
B-1(15g)を容積500mLガラス製セパラブルフラスコに投入した後、SL-5(135g)を添加し、PTFE攪拌羽(形状:半月型、サイズ:4cm)を用いて、25℃で1時間攪拌することにより、B-1の10質量%溶液(溶液B-1-4)を得た。
B-1(15g)を容積500mLステンレス製セパラブルフラスコに投入した後、SL-5(135g)を添加し、PTFE攪拌羽(形状:半月型、サイズ:4cm)を用いて、25℃で1時間攪拌することにより、B-1の10質量%溶液(溶液B-1-5)を得た。
B-1(15g)を容積300mLガラス製ナスフラスコに投入した後、SL-5(150g)を添加し、PTFE攪拌羽(形状:半月型、サイズ:4cm)を用いて、25℃で1時間攪拌することにより溶解させた。その後、この液を、ロータリーエバポレーターを用いて45℃で濃縮し、B-1の10質量%溶液(溶液B-1-6)を得た。
<レジスト組成物の製造>
下記調液方法1又は2により、レジスト組成物(R-1~R-15及びRX-1~RX-3)を製造した。
下記表2の「使用した溶液」欄に記載された溶液と、「添加した固形物質」欄に記載された固形物質と、「添加した溶剤」欄に記載された溶剤(各溶剤を下記表2に示した質量比で含む混合溶剤)を、アイセロ社製の容積1Lクリーンボトル(商品名AC-1L)に投入し、サイズ2.5cmのフットボール型撹拌子(材質PTFE)及びマグネチックスターラーを用いて、固形物質を溶剤に溶解させ、固形分濃度2.7質量%の溶液を調製した。この溶液を0.02μmのポアサイズを有するポリエチレンフィルターでろ過して、レジスト組成物を得た。
下記表2の「使用した溶液」欄に記載された溶液と、「添加した固形物質」欄に記載された固形物質と、「添加した溶剤」欄に記載された溶剤(各溶剤を下記表2に示した質量比で含む混合溶剤)を、フロンケミカル社製の容積500mL PTFEセパラブルフラスコに投入し、PTFE攪拌羽(形状:半月型、サイズ:4cm)を用いて攪拌することにより、固形物質を溶剤に溶解させ、固形分濃度2.7質量%の溶液を調製した。この溶液を0.02μmのポアサイズを有するポリエチレンフィルターでろ過して、レジスト組成物を得た。
下記表3において、各成分を2種以上使用した場合は、それぞれの種類と量を「/」で区切って表した。例えば、レジスト組成物R-7で「A-1/A-2」は、樹脂としてA-1とA-2の2種を使用したことを表し、「5/5」はA-1が5g、A-2が5gであることを表す。下記表5及び表7も同様である。
製造したレジスト組成物を、予めヘキサメチルジシラザン(HMDS)処理を施した6インチSi(シリコン)ウェハ上に東京エレクトロン製スピンコーターMark8を用いて塗布し、130℃、300秒間ホットプレート上で乾燥して、膜厚100nmのレジスト膜を得た。
なお、上記Siウェハをクロム基板に変更しても、同様の結果が得られるものである。
上記で得られたレジスト膜が形成されたウェハを、電子線描画装置((株)アドバンテスト製;F7000S、加速電圧50keV)を用いて、パターン照射を行った。この際、1:1のラインアンドスペースが形成されるように描画を行った。電子線描画後、100℃、60秒ホットプレート上で加熱し、現像液として2.38質量%テトラメチルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド(TMAH)水溶液を用いて60秒間浸漬した後、30秒間、水でリンスして乾燥した。その後、4000rpmの回転数で30秒間ウェハを回転させた後、95℃で60秒間ベークを行い乾燥した。
得られたパターンの断面形状を、走査型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所社製S-9380II)を用いて観察した。線幅50nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースのレジストパターンを解像するときの露光量を感度(Eop)とした。
ケー・エル・エー・テンコール社製の欠陥検査装置KLA2360を用い、欠陥検査装置のピクセルサイズを0.16μmに、また閾値を20に設定して、ランダムモードで測定し、比較イメージとピクセル単位の重ね合わせによって生じる差異から抽出される現像欠陥を検出して、単位面積(1cm2)あたりの現像欠陥数を算出した。値が0.5未満のものをA、0.5以上0.7未満のものをB、0.7以上1.0未満のものをC、1.0以上のものをDとした。値が小さいほど良好な性能であることを示す。結果を下記表3に示した。
<レジスト組成物の製造>
下記調液方法3又は4により、レジスト組成物(Q-1~Q-6及びQX-1)を製造した。
下記表4の「使用した溶液」欄に記載された溶液と、「添加した固形物質」欄に記載された固形物質と、「添加した溶剤」欄に記載された溶剤(各溶剤を下記表4に示した質量比で含む混合溶剤)を、アイセロ社製の容積1Lクリーンボトル(商品名AC-1L)に投入し、サイズ2.5cmのフットボール型撹拌子(材質PTFE)及びマグネチックスターラーを用いて、固形物質を溶剤に溶解させ、固形分濃度2.7質量%の溶液を調製した。この溶液を0.02μmのポアサイズを有するポリエチレンフィルターでろ過して、レジスト組成物を得た。
下記表4の「使用した溶液」欄に記載された溶液と、「添加した固形物質」欄に記載された固形物質と、「添加した溶剤」欄に記載された溶剤(各溶剤を下記表4に示した質量比で含む混合溶剤)を、フロンケミカル社製の容積500mL PTFEセパラブルフラスコに投入し、PTFE攪拌羽(形状:半月型、サイズ:4cm)を用いて攪拌することにより、固形物質を溶剤に溶解させ、固形分濃度2.7質量%の溶液を調製した。この溶液を0.02μmのポアサイズを有するポリエチレンフィルターでろ過して、レジスト組成物を得た。
製造したレジスト組成物を、予めヘキサメチルジシラザン(HMDS)処理を施した6インチSi(シリコン)ウェハ上に東京エレクトロン製スピンコーターMark8を用いて塗布し、130℃、300秒間ホットプレート上で乾燥して、膜厚100nmのレジスト膜を得た。
なお、上記Siウェハをクロム基板に変更しても、同様の結果が得られるものである。
上記で得られたレジスト膜が形成されたウェハを、電子線描画装置((株)アドバンテスト製;F7000S、加速電圧50keV)を用いて、パターン照射を行った。この際、1:1のラインアンドスペースが形成されるように描画を行った。電子線描画後、100℃、60秒ホットプレート上で加熱し、現像液として2.38質量%テトラメチルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド(TMAH)水溶液を用いて60秒間浸漬した後、30秒間、水でリンスして乾燥した。その後、4000rpmの回転数で30秒間ウェハを回転させた後、95℃で60秒間ベークを行い乾燥した。
実施例1-1~1-15及び比較例1-1~1-3と同様の方法で現像欠陥を評価した。結果を下記表5に示した。
<レジスト組成物の製造>
下記調液方法5又は6により、レジスト組成物(T-1~T-7及びTX-1)を製造した。
下記表6の「使用した溶液」欄に記載された溶液と、「添加した固形物質」欄に記載された固形物質と、「添加した溶剤」欄に記載された溶剤(各溶剤を下記表6に示した質量比で含む混合溶剤)を、アイセロ社製の容積1Lクリーンボトル(商品名AC-1L)に投入し、サイズ2.5cmのフットボール型撹拌子(材質PTFE)及びマグネチックスターラーを用いて、固形物質を溶剤に溶解させ、固形分濃度2.7質量%の溶液を調製した。この溶液を0.02μmのポアサイズを有するポリエチレンフィルターでろ過して、レジスト組成物を得た。
下記表6の「使用した溶液」欄に記載された溶液と、「添加した固形物質」欄に記載された固形物質と、「添加した溶剤」欄に記載された溶剤(各溶剤を下記表6に示した質量比で含む混合溶剤)を、フロンケミカル社製の容積500mL PTFEセパラブルフラスコに投入し、PTFE攪拌羽(形状:半月型、サイズ:4cm)を用いて攪拌することにより、固形物質を溶剤に溶解させ、固形分濃度2.7質量%の溶液を調製した。この溶液を0.02μmのポアサイズを有するポリエチレンフィルターでろ過して、レジスト組成物を得た。
製造したレジスト組成物を、予めヘキサメチルジシラザン(HMDS)処理を施した6インチSi(シリコン)ウェハ上に東京エレクトロン製スピンコーターMark8を用いて塗布し、130℃、300秒間ホットプレート上で乾燥して、膜厚100nmのレジスト膜を得た。
なお、上記Siウェハをクロム基板に変更しても、同様の結果が得られるものである。
上記で得られたレジスト膜が形成されたウェハを、EUV露光装置(Exitech社製 Micro Exposure Tool、NA(開口数)0.3、Quadrupole、アウターシグマ0.68、インナーシグマ0.36)を用い、露光マスク(ライン:スペース=1:1)を使用して、パターン露光を行った。露光後、ホットプレート上で、100℃で90秒間加熱した後、酢酸n-ブチルで30秒間現像し、これをスピン乾燥してネガ型のパターンを得た。
実施例1-1~1-15及び比較例1-1~1-3と同様の方法で現像欠陥を評価した。結果を下記表7に示した。
本出願は、2023年3月20日出願の日本特許出願(特願2023-044470)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (10)
- 1種以上の固形物質を溶剤に溶解してなる溶液の製造方法であって、
前記1種以上の固形物質は、レジスト組成物の成分として用いられるものであり、
内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器に、前記1種以上の固形物質と前記溶剤とを入れ、前記1種以上の固形物質からなる固形分の一部又は全部を溶解させる工程を有する、溶液の製造方法。 - 前記溶剤が、下記式(1-1)で表される化合物及び下記式(1-2)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1に記載の溶液の製造方法。
式(1-1)中、X1及びX2はそれぞれ独立にヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、-N(Rx)2、-NRaCORb、チオール基又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rxは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRxは同一でも異なっていてもよい。Raは水素原子又は有機基を表す。Rbは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、-N(Rc)2又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rcは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRcは同一でも異なっていてもよい。C1及びC2はそれぞれ独立にsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。L1は単結合、二重結合、芳香族性炭素-炭素結合又は炭素数2以下の連結基を表す。R1~R4はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。X1、X2、R1~R4及びL1のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n1は0又は1を表す。ただし、C1がsp2炭素の場合、n1は0であり、C1がsp3炭素の場合、n1は1である。n2は0又は1を表す。ただし、C2がsp2炭素の場合、n2は0であり、C2がsp3炭素の場合、n2は1である。
式(1-2)中、X3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、-N(Rx)2、-NRaCORb、チオール基又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。C3はsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。Rxは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRxは同一でも異なっていてもよい。Raは水素原子又は有機基を表す。Rbは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、-N(Rc)2又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rcは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRcは同一でも異なっていてもよい。L2は単結合、二重結合、芳香族性炭素-炭素結合又は炭素数2以下の連結基を表す。R5及びR6はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。R7は水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、-OH又は-OR8を表す。R8は有機基を表す。X3、R5~R8及びL2のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n3は0又は1を表す。ただし、C3がsp2炭素の場合、n3は0であり、C3がsp3炭素の場合、n3は1である。 - 前記固形物質が、塩構造を有する化合物を含む、請求項1に記載の溶液の製造方法。
- 前記塩構造を有する化合物が、下記式(2-1)で表される化合物、下記式(2-2)で表される化合物及び下記式(2-3)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、請求項3に記載の溶液の製造方法。
式(2-1)中、M1 +は有機カチオンを表す。A1 -は酸の残基を表す。X4はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、-N(Rx)2、-NRaCORb、チオール基又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。C4及びC5はそれぞれ独立にsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。Rxは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRxは同一でも異なっていてもよい。Raは水素原子又は有機基を表す。Rbは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、-N(Rc)2又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rcは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRcは同一でも異なっていてもよい。L3は単結合、二重結合、芳香族性炭素-炭素結合又は炭素数2以下の連結基を表す。R9~R12はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。X4、R9~R12及びL3のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n4は0又は1を表す。ただし、C4がsp2炭素の場合、n4は0であり、C4がsp3炭素の場合、n4は1である。n5は0又は1を表す。ただし、C5がsp2炭素の場合、n5は0であり、C5がsp3炭素の場合、n5は1である。
式(2-2)中、M2 +は有機カチオンを表す。A2 -は酸の残基を表す。L4は単結合、二重結合、芳香族性炭素-炭素結合又は炭素数2以下の連結基を表す。C6はsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。R13及びR14はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。R15は水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、-OH又は-OR16を表す。R16は有機基を表す。R13~R16及びL4のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n6は0又は1を表す。ただし、C6がsp2炭素の場合、n6は0であり、C6がsp3炭素の場合、n6は1である。
式(2-3)中、M3 +は有機カチオンを表す。A3 -は酸の残基を表す。X5はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、-N(Rx)2、-NRaCORb、チオール基又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rxは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRxは同一でも異なっていてもよい。Raは水素原子又は有機基を表す。Rbは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、-N(Rc)2又はチオアルコキシ基を表す。Rcは水素原子又は有機基を表す。2つのRcは同一でも異なっていてもよい。C7はsp3炭素又はsp2炭素を表す。R17及びR18はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又は有機基を表す。X5、R17及びR18のうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。n7は0又は1を表す。ただし、C7がsp2炭素の場合、n7は0であり、C7がsp3炭素の場合、n7は1である。 - 前記容器が、携行可能な容器である、請求項1に記載の溶液の製造方法。
- 前記容器の容積が1L以上である、請求項5に記載の溶液の製造方法。
- 内壁表面の少なくとも一部に樹脂を含む容器に、レジスト組成物の成分として用いられる1種以上の固形物質と溶剤とを入れ、前記1種以上の固形物質からなる固形分の一部又は全部を溶解させる工程を有する、レジスト組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の溶液の製造方法により製造した溶液を用いてレジスト組成物を調製する、レジスト組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項7又は8に記載のレジスト組成物の製造方法により製造したレジスト組成物を用いてレジスト膜を形成するレジスト膜形成工程と、前記レジスト膜を露光する露光工程と、露光された前記レジスト膜を現像液を用いて現像する現像工程とを含む、パターン形成方法。
- 請求項9に記載のパターン形成方法を含む電子デバイスの製造方法。
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| JP2018538396A (ja) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-12-27 | プロメラス, エルエルシー | 光酸発生剤及び塩基を含有する永久誘電体組成物 |
| WO2019188595A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 感光性樹脂組成物及びその製造方法、レジスト膜、パターン形成方法、並びに、電子デバイスの製造方法 |
| WO2020040034A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-27 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 薬液収容体 |
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| JP6580308B2 (ja) | 2014-07-03 | 2019-09-25 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 半導体リソグラフィー用重合体の製造方法 |
| JP6608587B2 (ja) | 2014-10-17 | 2019-11-20 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 半導体リソグラフィー用材料の製造方法および製造装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018538396A (ja) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-12-27 | プロメラス, エルエルシー | 光酸発生剤及び塩基を含有する永久誘電体組成物 |
| WO2019188595A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 感光性樹脂組成物及びその製造方法、レジスト膜、パターン形成方法、並びに、電子デバイスの製造方法 |
| WO2020040034A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-27 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 薬液収容体 |
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| JPWO2024195603A1 (ja) | 2024-09-26 |
| KR20250150614A (ko) | 2025-10-20 |
| US20260010072A1 (en) | 2026-01-08 |
| TW202442706A (zh) | 2024-11-01 |
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