WO2024024669A1 - 感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物、感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜、パターン形成方法及び電子デバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物、感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜、パターン形成方法及び電子デバイスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F12/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F12/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
- C08F20/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F212/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring substituted by heteroatoms or groups containing heteroatoms
- C08F212/22—Oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F212/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring substituted by heteroatoms or groups containing heteroatoms
- C08F212/22—Oxygen
- C08F212/24—Phenols or alcohols
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0045—Photosensitive materials with organic non-macromolecular light-sensitive compounds not otherwise provided for, e.g. dissolution inhibitors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
- G03F7/0382—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified negative photoresist composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
- G03F7/0392—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film, a pattern forming method, and an electronic device manufacturing method. More specifically, the present invention relates to an ultra-microlithography process applicable to the manufacturing process of ultra-LSI (Large Scale Integration) and high-capacity microchips, the manufacturing process of nanoimprint molds, the manufacturing process of high-density information recording media, etc. The present invention relates to actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin compositions, actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive films, pattern forming methods, and electronic device manufacturing methods that can be suitably used in other photofabrication processes.
- ultra-microlithography process applicable to the manufacturing process of ultra-LSI (Large Scale Integration) and high-capacity microchips, the manufacturing process of nanoimprint molds, the manufacturing process of high-density information recording media, etc.
- the present invention relates to actinic ray-sensitive or radiation
- Patent Document 1 describes a chemically amplified resist material that includes a radiation-sensitive sensitizer and a specific component that generates acid upon exposure and has excellent sensitivity and roughness performance.
- Patent Document 2 describes a resist composition containing a compound represented by a specific formula (I), a resin having an acid-labile group, and an acid generator.
- density dependence refers to the case where when forming a certain pattern (for example, a 1:1 line and space pattern with a line width of 50 nm), the exposure amount around the area where the pattern is formed is small (sparse density dependence).
- Poor density dependence refers to a large D/B (for example, D/B is 2.05 or more), which is the ratio of the above sensitivity, and excellent density dependence refers to a small D/B. (For example, D/B is less than 2.05).
- the present invention provides an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition that has excellent density dependence in forming ultrafine patterns (for example, line-and-space patterns with line widths of 50 nm or less, hole patterns with pore diameters of 50 nm or less, etc.). The task is to do so.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film, a pattern forming method, and an electronic device manufacturing method using the above-mentioned actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition.
- An actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition containing a resin (A) whose polarity increases by the action of an acid and a compound (B) represented by the following general formula (B-1).
- X represents a cyclic group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and having an unsaturated bond.
- Each of the plurality of Rb 1 's independently represents -OH, -ORb 3 , -NRb 4 Rb 5 , -SH, or -SRb 6 .
- at least one Rb 1 represents -OH, -NHRb 4 ', or -SH bonded to a carbon atom forming an unsaturated bond.
- Rb 3 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, or a combination thereof.
- Rb 4 and Rb 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, -CHO, or a group bonded to each other to form a nitrogen-containing heterocycle.
- Rb 4 ' represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, or -CHO.
- Rb 6 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an acyl group.
- a plurality of Rb 1 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Rb 2 represents a substituent.
- the plurality of Rb 2s may be the same or different, and the plurality of Rb 2s may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Rb 1 and Rb 2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- m represents an integer from 0 to 6
- n represents an integer from 2 to 4.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (B-1) does not have a halogen atom.
- R 101 , R 102 and R 103 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyloxycarbonyl group.
- R 102 may be combined with Ar A to form a ring, and in this case R 102 represents a single bond or an alkylene group.
- L A represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Ar A represents an aromatic ring group.
- k represents an integer from 1 to 5.
- Ra 1 to Ra 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- La 1 represents a divalent linking group having an aromatic group.
- Ra 4 to Ra 6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, an aralkyl group, or an alkenyl group. Note that two of Ra 4 to Ra 6 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Ra 7 to Ra 9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- La 2 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Ara represents an aromatic ring group.
- Ra 10 to Ra 12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, or an alkenyl group. Note that Ra 10 to Ra 12 may be bonded to each other to form a ring. Furthermore, Ra 9 to Ra 12 may be combined with Ara.
- L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- A represents a group that decomposes under the action of an acid.
- nc represents an integer from 1 to 5.
- Xc represents a (nc+1)-valent linking group.
- Mc + represents a sulfonium ion or an iodonium ion.
- L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- A represents a group that decomposes under the action of an acid.
- nc represents an integer from 1 to 5.
- Mc + represents a sulfonium ion or an iodonium ion.
- a pattern forming method comprising: an exposure step of exposing the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film; and a developing step of developing the exposed actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film using a developer.
- a method for manufacturing an electronic device including the pattern forming method according to [10].
- the present invention provides an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition that exhibits excellent density dependence in the formation of ultra-fine patterns (for example, line-and-space patterns with line widths of 50 nm or less, hole patterns with pore diameters of 50 nm or less, etc.). can do. Further, the present invention can provide an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film, a pattern forming method, and an electronic device manufacturing method using the above-mentioned actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition.
- ultra-fine patterns for example, line-and-space patterns with line widths of 50 nm or less, hole patterns with pore diameters of 50 nm or less, etc.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an exposure area when determining sensitivity D when the exposure amount around a pattern forming area is small (sparse) in evaluation of density dependence.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an exposure area when determining sensitivity B when the exposure amount around a region forming a pattern is large (in a dense case) in evaluation of density dependence.
- active rays or “radiation” include, for example, the bright line spectrum of a mercury lamp, far ultraviolet rays typified by excimer lasers, extreme ultraviolet (EUV), X-rays, soft X-rays, and electron It means a line (EB: Electron Beam) or the like.
- light means actinic rays or radiation.
- exposure refers not only to exposure to the bright line spectrum of a mercury lamp, far ultraviolet rays typified by excimer lasers, extreme ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and EUV, but also to electron beams and ion beams, unless otherwise specified. It also includes drawing using particle beams such as beams.
- " ⁇ " is used to include the numerical values described before and after it as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
- (meth)acrylate represents at least one of acrylate and methacrylate.
- (meth)acrylic acid represents at least one of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw), number average molecular weight (Mn), and degree of dispersion (also referred to as molecular weight distribution) (Mw/Mn) of the resin are determined using a GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) apparatus (HLC manufactured by Tosoh Corporation).
- GPC Gel Permeation Chromatography
- the notation that does not indicate substituted or unsubstituted includes a group containing a substituent as well as a group having no substituent.
- alkyl group includes not only an alkyl group without a substituent (unsubstituted alkyl group) but also an alkyl group having a substituent (substituted alkyl group).
- organic group refers to a group containing at least one carbon atom.
- monovalent substituents are preferred. Examples of the substituent include monovalent nonmetallic atomic groups excluding hydrogen atoms, and can be selected from the following substituents T, for example.
- substituent T examples include halogen atoms such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine; alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy and tert-butoxy; cycloalkyloxy; phenoxy and p-tolyloxy groups; Aryloxy groups; alkoxycarbonyl groups such as methoxycarbonyl and butoxycarbonyl groups; cycloalkyloxycarbonyl groups; aryloxycarbonyl groups such as phenoxycarbonyl groups; acyloxy groups such as acetoxy, propionyloxy and benzoyloxy groups; acetyl Acyl groups such as benzoyl, isobutyryl, acryloyl, methacryloyl and methoxalyl groups; sulfanyl groups; alkylsulfanyl groups such as methylsulfanyl and tert-butylsulfanyl groups; phenylsulfanyl groups; alkyls
- substituent T when these substituents can further have one or more substituents, the further substituent is a group having one or more substituents selected from the above-mentioned substituents (for example, a monoalkylamino group). , dialkylamino group, arylamino group, trifluoromethyl group, etc.) are also included as examples of the substituent T.
- the direction of bonding of the divalent groups described is not limited unless otherwise specified.
- Y in the compound represented by the formula "X-Y-Z" is -COO-
- Y may be -CO-O- or -O-CO- Good too.
- the above compound may be "X-CO-O-Z" or "X-O-CO-Z”.
- acid dissociation constant refers to pKa in an aqueous solution, and specifically, it is a value based on Hammett's substituent constant and a database of known literature values using the following software package 1. is the value obtained by calculation. All pKa values described herein are values calculated using this software package.
- Software package 1 Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software V8.14 for Solaris (1994-2007 ACD/Labs).
- pKa can also be determined by molecular orbital calculation method.
- a specific method for this includes a method of calculating H 2 + dissociation free energy in an aqueous solution based on a thermodynamic cycle.
- the H + dissociation free energy can be calculated, for example, by DFT (density functional theory), but various other methods have been reported in the literature, and the method is not limited to this. .
- DFT density functional theory
- there is a plurality of software that can perform DFT and one example is Gaussian 16.
- pKa refers to a value obtained by calculating a value based on Hammett's substituent constant and a database of known literature values using software package 1, as described above. If calculation is not possible, a value obtained by Gaussian 16 based on DFT (density functional theory) is used.
- pKa refers to "pKa in aqueous solution” as described above, but if pKa in aqueous solution cannot be calculated, “pKa in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution” is adopted. shall be.
- solid content means a component that forms an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film, and does not include a solvent. Furthermore, if the component forms an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film, it is considered to be a solid content even if the component is liquid.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition of the present invention (also referred to as the "composition of the present invention") comprises at least a resin (A) whose polarity increases due to the action of an acid, and the following general formula (B- This is an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition containing the compound (B) represented by 1).
- X represents a cyclic group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and having an unsaturated bond.
- Each of the plurality of Rb 1 's independently represents -OH, -ORb 3 , -NRb 4 Rb 5 , -SH, or -SRb 6 .
- at least one Rb 1 represents -OH, -NHRb 4 ', or -SH bonded to a carbon atom forming an unsaturated bond.
- Rb 3 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, or a combination thereof.
- Rb 4 and Rb 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, -CHO, or a group bonded to each other to form a nitrogen-containing heterocycle.
- Rb 4 ' represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, or -CHO.
- Rb 6 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an acyl group.
- a plurality of Rb 1 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Rb 2 represents a substituent.
- the plurality of Rb 2s may be the same or different, and the plurality of Rb 2s may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Rb 1 and Rb 2 may be combined with each other to form a ring.
- m represents an integer from 0 to 6
- n represents an integer from 2 to 4.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (B-1) does not have a halogen atom.
- the composition of the present invention has excellent density dependence in forming extremely fine patterns (for example, line-and-space patterns with a line width of 50 nm or less, hole patterns with a hole diameter of 50 nm or less, etc.), the present invention They estimate as follows.
- the compound (B) contained in the composition of the present invention has a cyclic group having an unsaturated bond. Furthermore, the above cyclic group is substituted with at least two specific electron-donating groups, at least one of which is -OH, -NHRb 3 , -SH bonded to a carbon atom forming an unsaturated bond. It is a group with strong electron-donating properties.
- the cyclic group possessed by compound (B) becomes electron-rich and easily releases secondary electrons when irradiated with actinic light or radiation such as EUV or EB, and the pattern obtained by a composition containing this group becomes electron-rich. It is estimated that it will be easier to obtain the desired pattern regardless of the situation.
- the compound (B) contained in the composition of the present invention does not have a halogen atom. Therefore, the reduction in the amount of secondary electron emission due to electron withdrawal from the cyclic group by the halogen atom, and the absence of side reactions due to the reaction between the secondary electrons and the halogen atom, also contribute to the formation of the desired pattern. I believe.
- the composition of the present invention is considered to have excellent density dependence in the formation of extremely fine patterns (for example, line-and-space patterns with a line width of 50 nm or less, hole patterns with a hole diameter of 50 nm or less, etc.). .
- the composition of the present invention is typically a resist composition, and may be a positive resist composition or a negative resist composition.
- the composition of the present invention may be a resist composition for alkaline development or an organic solvent development resist composition.
- the composition of the present invention may be a chemically amplified resist composition or a non-chemically amplified resist composition.
- the composition of the present invention is typically a chemically amplified resist composition.
- Actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive films can be formed using the composition of the present invention.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film formed using the composition of the present invention is typically a resist film.
- composition of the present invention contains a compound (B) represented by the above general formula (B-1). Note that compound (B) is a nonionic compound.
- X represents a cyclic group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and having an unsaturated bond.
- the number of carbon atoms here refers to the number of carbon atoms as ring members constituting a ring, and does not include carbon atoms contained in a substituent when the cyclic group as X has a substituent.
- the cyclic group may or may not have aromaticity.
- non-aromatic cyclic group examples include an alicyclic group having an unsaturated bond and a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having an unsaturated bond.
- the alicyclic group having an unsaturated bond may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- Examples of the alicyclic group having a monocyclic unsaturated bond include cycloalkenyl groups such as a cyclobutenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, and a cyclohexenyl group.
- As alicyclic groups having polycyclic unsaturated bonds for example, some carbon-carbon bonds in polycyclic cycloalkyl groups such as norbornyl groups, tricyclodecanyl groups, and adamantyl groups are unsaturated bonds (carbon - a cycloalkenyl group forming a carbon double bond).
- the non-aromatic heterocyclic group having an unsaturated bond may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- non-aromatic heterocycles having unsaturated bonds include those in which some carbon-carbon bonds form unsaturated bonds, such as tetrahydropyran rings, lactone rings, sultone rings, and decahydroisoquinoline rings. Examples include heterocycles with
- aromatic cyclic group examples include an aryl group and an aromatic heterocyclic group.
- the aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- Examples of the aryl group include phenyl group, naphthyl group, phenanthryl group, and anthryl group.
- the aromatic heterocyclic group may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- the aromatic heterocycle include a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzothiophene ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, a pyridine ring, an indole ring, a benzodiazole ring, and a carbazole ring.
- a furan ring a thiophene ring
- a benzofuran ring a benzothiophene ring
- a dibenzofuran ring a dibenzothiophene ring
- a pyridine ring an indole ring
- a benzodiazole ring a carbazole ring
- X is preferably a group having aromaticity, more preferably an aryl group, more preferably a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, and even more preferably a phenyl group.
- a plurality of Rb 1 each independently represent -OH, -ORb 3 , -NRb 4 Rb 5 , -SH, or -SRb 6 .
- at least one Rb 1 represents -OH, -NHRb 4 ', or -SH bonded to a carbon atom forming an unsaturated bond.
- Rb 3 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, or a combination thereof.
- Rb 4 and Rb 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, -CHO, or a group bonded to each other to form a nitrogen-containing heterocycle.
- Rb 4 ' represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, or -CHO.
- Rb 6 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an acyl group.
- Examples of the alkyl group represented by Rb 3 include straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, and an n-propyl group.
- the aryl group represented by Rb 3 includes aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms such as phenyl group and naphthyl group.
- Examples of the acyl group represented by Rb 3 include a group in which the above-mentioned alkyl group or aryl group as Rb 3 is bonded to a carbonyl group.
- Examples of the acyloxy group represented by Rb 3 include a group in which the above-mentioned acyl group as Rb 3 is bonded to an oxy group.
- Examples of the alkyl group, aryl group, and acyl group represented by Rb 4 and Rb 5 include the alkyl group, aryl group, and acyl group represented by Rb 3 described above.
- Rb 4 and Rb 5 may be bonded to each other to form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocycle formed by bonding Rb 4 and Rb 5 may be monocyclic or polycyclic, and includes a pyrazole ring, an imidazole ring, a triazole ring, a benzotriazole ring, and the like.
- Examples of the alkyl group, aryl group, or acyl group represented by Rb 4 ' include the alkyl group, aryl group, and acyl group represented by Rb 3 described above.
- Examples of the alkyl group, aryl group, and acyl group represented by Rb 6 include the alkyl group, aryl group, and acyl group represented by Rb 3 described above.
- Each of Rb 3 to Rb 6 may further have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkyl group (e.g., linear or branched having 1 to 12 carbon atoms), an aryl group (e.g., 6 to 14 carbon atoms), an acyl group (e.g., 2 to 12 carbon atoms), - Examples include OH, -COOH, and groups formed by combining these.
- a plurality of Rb 1 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the ring formed by combining a plurality of Rb 1s is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, a monocyclic ring or a polycyclic ring containing a 5- or 6-membered ring.
- At least one Rb 1 represents -OH, -NHRb 4 ', or -SH bonded to a carbon atom forming an unsaturated bond. It is preferable that two or more of Rb 1 represents -OH, -NHRb 4 ', or -SH bonded to a carbon atom forming an unsaturated bond, and two or three of Rb 1 bond to a carbon atom forming an unsaturated bond. More preferably, it represents -OH, -NHRb 4 ', or -SH.
- Rb 1 is -OH bonded to a carbon atom forming an unsaturated bond, and more preferably two or more are -OH bonded to carbon atoms forming an unsaturated bond.
- two or three Rb 1 are -OH bonded to carbon atoms forming an unsaturated bond.
- Rb 2 represents a substituent.
- Substituents represented by Rb 2 include alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, aryl groups, alkoxycarbonyl groups, acyl groups, and heterocyclic groups (however, X in general formula (B-1) is a heterocyclic group). ), -COOH group, -SO 3 H group, etc.
- Examples of the alkyl group represented by Rb 2 include straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, and an n-propyl group.
- Examples of the alkenyl group represented by Rb 2 include alkenyl groups having 2 to 12 carbon atoms such as vinyl group and 2-propenyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group represented by Rb 2 include cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms such as cyclopropyl group, cyclopentyl group, and cyclohexyl group.
- Examples of the aryl group represented by Rb 2 include aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms such as phenyl group and naphthyl group.
- Examples of the alkyl group in the alkoxycarbonyl group represented by Rb 2 include the alkyl groups described above as Rb 2 .
- Examples of the acyl group represented by Rb 2 include a group in which the above-mentioned alkyl group or aryl group as Rb 2 is bonded to a carbonyl group.
- heterocycles in the heterocyclic group represented by Rb 2 include heterocycles having 3 to 14 carbon atoms, such as aromatic heterocycles such as furan ring, thiophene ring, benzofuran ring, and benzothiophene ring, and tetrahydropyran ring.
- aromatic heterocycles such as furan ring, thiophene ring, benzofuran ring, and benzothiophene ring, and tetrahydropyran ring.
- Non-aromatic heterocycles such as
- the substituent represented by Rb 2 may further have a substituent.
- Further substituents include, for example, the above-mentioned substituents as Rb 2 , alkoxy groups (for example, having 1 to 12 carbon atoms), acyloxy groups (for example, having 2 to 12 carbon atoms), -OH, and combinations thereof. The following groups are mentioned.
- the plurality of Rb 2s may be the same or different, and the plurality of Rb 2s may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Rb 1 and Rb 2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the ring formed by combining a plurality of Rb 1 or the ring formed by combining Rb 1 and Rb 2 is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, a monocyclic ring or a polycyclic ring containing a 5- or 6-membered ring. It will be done.
- n represents an integer of 2 to 4. n is preferably 2 or 3.
- the compound represented by the general formula (B-1) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (B-b).
- Each of the plurality of Rb 1b independently represents -OH, -ORb 3 , -NRb 4 Rb 5 , -SH, or -SRb 6 .
- at least one Rb 1b represents -OH.
- Rb 3 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, or a combination thereof.
- Rb 4 and Rb 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, -CHO, or a group bonded to each other to form a nitrogen-containing heterocycle.
- Rb 6 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an acyl group.
- a plurality of Rb 1b may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Rb 2 represents a substituent. When a plurality of Rb 2s exist, the plurality of Rb 2s may be the same or different, and the plurality of Rb 2s may be bonded to each other to form a ring. Rb 1b and Rb 2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- m represents an integer from 0 to 6
- n represents an integer from 2 to 4.
- p represents 0 or 1.
- m, n, and Rb 2 have the same meanings as m, n, and Rb 2 in general formula (B-1), respectively, and preferred examples are also the same.
- Each substituent represented by Rb 1b in general formula (B-b) has the same meaning as each substituent represented by Rb 1 in general formula (B-1).
- at least one Rb 1b represents -OH.
- two or more Rb 1b are -OH, and more preferably two or three Rb 1b are -OH.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (B-1) does not have a halogen atom.
- the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. Since the above compound does not have a halogen atom, the amount of secondary electron emission decreases due to the halogen atom withdrawing electrons from the cyclic group, and side reactions due to the reaction between the secondary electron and the halogen atom occur. It doesn't happen.
- each group in the above general formula (B-1) does not have a halogen atom.
- compound (B) may or may not have a group that decomposes under the action of an acid, but preferably does not have a group that decomposes under the action of an acid.
- the group decomposed by the action of an acid is the same as the group decomposed by the action of an acid as A in general formula (c1) described below.
- the molecular weight of compound (B) is preferably 1500 or less, more preferably 1000 or less, from the viewpoint of solubility in a developer.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 100 or more.
- Compound (B) can be synthesized by a known method and is also available as a commercial product.
- composition of the present invention may contain one type of compound (B) or two or more types.
- the content of compound (B) is preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass, more preferably 1 to 10% by mass, based on the total solid content of the composition of the present invention.
- the composition of the present invention may contain a compound (impurity) produced by oxidation of compound (B).
- a compound (impurity) produced by oxidation of compound (B) include compounds having a quinone structure.
- the above-mentioned impurities are preferably 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.1% by mass or less, and even more preferably 0.01% by mass or less, based on the total solid content of the composition of the present invention.
- the composition of the present invention includes a resin whose polarity increases under the action of an acid (hereinafter also referred to as "resin (A)").
- the resin (A) usually contains a group that is decomposed by the action of an acid to increase its polarity (hereinafter also referred to as an "acid-decomposable group”), and preferably contains a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group.
- an acid-decomposable group when an alkaline developer is typically employed as the developer in the pattern forming method of the present specification, a positive pattern is suitably formed, and development When an organic developer is used as the liquid, a negative pattern is suitably formed.
- a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group containing an unsaturated bond is preferable.
- An acid-decomposable group refers to a group that is decomposed by the action of an acid to produce a polar group.
- the acid-decomposable group preferably has a structure in which a polar group is protected by a group that leaves by the action of an acid (leaving group). That is, the resin (A) has a repeating unit having a group that is decomposed by the action of an acid to produce a polar group.
- a resin having this repeating unit has increased polarity due to the action of an acid, increasing its solubility in an alkaline developer and decreasing its solubility in an organic solvent.
- the polar group is preferably an alkali-soluble group, such as carboxyl group, phenolic hydroxyl group, fluorinated alcohol group, sulfonic acid group, phosphoric acid group, sulfonamide group, sulfonylimide group, (alkylsulfonyl)(alkylcarbonyl)methylene group, (alkylsulfonyl)(alkylcarbonyl)imide group, bis(alkylcarbonyl)methylene group, bis(alkylcarbonyl)imide group, bis(alkylsulfonyl)methylene group, bis(alkylsulfonyl)imide group, tris(alkylcarbonyl) Examples include acidic groups such as methylene group and tris(alkylsulfonyl)methylene group, and alcoholic hydroxyl group.
- alkali-soluble group such as carboxyl group, phenolic hydroxyl group, fluorinated alcohol group, sulf
- a carboxyl group a phenolic hydroxyl group, a fluorinated alcohol group (preferably a hexafluoroisopropanol group), or a sulfonic acid group is preferable.
- Examples of groups that are eliminated by the action of acids include groups represented by formulas (Y1) to (Y4).
- Formula (Y1) -C(Rx 1 )(Rx 2 )(Rx 3 )
- Formula (Y3) -C(R 36 )(R 37 )(OR 38 )
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 each independently represent an alkyl group (linear or branched), a cycloalkyl group (monocyclic or polycyclic), an alkenyl group (straight chain) or branched chain), or an aryl group (monocyclic or polycyclic). Note that when all of Rx 1 to Rx 3 are alkyl groups (linear or branched), it is preferable that at least two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 are methyl groups. Among these, it is preferable that Rx 1 to Rx 3 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group, and Rx 1 to Rx 3 each independently represent a linear alkyl group. is more preferable.
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 may be combined to form a monocyclic ring or a polycyclic ring.
- alkyl groups of Rx 1 to Rx 3 include alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms such as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, and t-butyl group. preferable.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group for Rx 1 to Rx 3 include monocyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group, a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, and an adamantyl group.
- a polycyclic cycloalkyl group is preferred.
- the aryl group for Rx 1 to Rx 3 is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthryl group.
- the alkenyl group for Rx 1 to Rx 3 a vinyl group is preferred.
- the ring formed by bonding two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is preferably a cycloalkyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group formed by bonding two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group or a cyclohexyl group, or a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, or a tetracyclododecanyl group.
- a polycyclic cycloalkyl group such as a nyl group or an adamantyl group is preferred, and a monocyclic cycloalkyl group having 5 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferred.
- the cycloalkyl group formed by combining two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is a group in which one of the methylene groups constituting the ring contains a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom, a hetero atom such as a carbonyl group, or a vinylidene group. It may be replaced with .
- one or more of the ethylene groups constituting the cycloalkane ring may be replaced with a vinylene group.
- the group represented by formula (Y1) or formula (Y2) is, for example, an embodiment in which Rx 1 is a methyl group or an ethyl group, and Rx 2 and Rx 3 are bonded to form the above-mentioned cycloalkyl group. is preferred.
- the composition of the present invention is, for example, an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition for EUV exposure, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group represented by Rx 1 to Rx 3 , and It is also preferable that the ring formed by bonding two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 further has a fluorine atom or an iodine atom as a substituent.
- R 36 to R 38 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- R 37 and R 38 may be combined with each other to form a ring.
- the monovalent organic group include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, and an alkenyl group.
- R 36 is a hydrogen atom.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group may include a group containing a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom and/or a heteroatom such as a carbonyl group.
- one or more methylene groups may be replaced with a group containing a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom and/or a hetero atom such as a carbonyl group.
- R 38 may be bonded to another substituent in the main chain of the repeating unit to form a ring.
- the group formed by bonding R 38 and another substituent of the main chain of the repeating unit to each other is preferably an alkylene group such as a methylene group.
- composition of the present invention is, for example, an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition for EUV exposure, monovalent organic groups represented by R 36 to R 38 and R 37 and R 38 It is also preferable that the ring formed by bonding with each other further has a fluorine atom or an iodine atom as a substituent.
- formula (Y3) a group represented by the following formula (Y3-1) is preferable.
- L 1 and L 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a group combining these (for example, a group combining an alkyl group and an aryl group).
- M represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Q is an alkyl group that may contain a hetero atom, a cycloalkyl group that may contain a hetero atom, an aryl group that may contain a hetero atom, an amino group, an ammonium group, a mercapto group, a cyano group, an aldehyde represents a group or a group combining these (for example, a group combining an alkyl group and a cycloalkyl group).
- one of the methylene groups may be replaced with a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom or a group containing a heteroatom such as a carbonyl group.
- L 1 and L 2 are a hydrogen atom, and the other is an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a combination of an alkylene group and an aryl group. At least two of Q, M, and L 1 may be combined to form a ring (preferably a 5-membered or 6-membered ring).
- L2 is preferably a secondary or tertiary alkyl group, more preferably a tertiary alkyl group.
- Examples of the secondary alkyl group include isopropyl group, cyclohexyl group, and norbornyl group, and examples of the tertiary alkyl group include tert-butyl group and adamantane group.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- activation energy are increased, film strength can be ensured and fogging can be suppressed.
- composition of the present invention is, for example, an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition for EUV exposure, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group represented by L 1 and L 2 ; It is also preferable that the group combining these further has a fluorine atom or an iodine atom as a substituent. It is also preferable that the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group contain a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom in addition to a fluorine atom and an iodine atom.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group one of the methylene groups is replaced with a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom, or a group containing a hetero atom such as a carbonyl group. You can leave it there.
- the composition of the present invention is, for example, an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition for EUV exposure, it may contain an alkyl group represented by Q that may contain a hetero atom, or a hetero atom.
- an aryl group which may contain a hetero atom, an amino group, an ammonium group, a mercapto group, a cyano group, an aldehyde group, and a group combining these
- the hetero atom include a fluorine atom and an iodine atom. It is also preferred that it is a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of and oxygen atoms.
- Ar represents an aromatic ring group.
- Rn represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group.
- Rn and Ar may be bonded to each other to form a non-aromatic ring.
- an aryl group is preferable.
- the composition of the present invention is, for example, an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition for EUV exposure, an aromatic ring group represented by Ar, and an alkyl group or cycloalkyl group represented by Rn, It is also preferable that the aryl group has a fluorine atom or an iodine atom as a substituent.
- the ring member atom adjacent to the ring member atom directly bonded to the polar group (or its residue) does not have a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom as a substituent.
- Groups that are eliminated by the action of acids include 2-cyclopentenyl groups having substituents (alkyl groups, etc.) such as 3-methyl-2-cyclopentenyl groups, and 1,1,4,4 A cyclohexyl group having a substituent (alkyl group, etc.) such as -tetramethylcyclohexyl group may be used.
- the resin (A) has a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (A-1) or (A-2) as a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group from the viewpoint of improving roughness performance.
- Ra 1 to Ra 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- La 1 represents a divalent linking group having an aromatic group.
- Ra 4 to Ra 6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, an aralkyl group, or an alkenyl group. Note that two of Ra 4 to Ra 6 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Ra 7 to Ra 9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- La 2 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Ara represents an aromatic ring group.
- Ra 10 to Ra 12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, or an alkenyl group. Note that Ra 10 to Ra 12 may be bonded to each other to form a ring. Furthermore, Ra 9 to Ra 12 may be combined with Ara.
- Ra 1 to Ra 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- the alkyl groups of Ra 1 to Ra 3 may be either linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3.
- the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group of Ra 1 to Ra 3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 20, more preferably 5 to 15.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group for Ra 1 to Ra 3 include monocyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group, and polycyclic groups such as a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, and an adamantyl group.
- a cycloalkyl group is preferred.
- Examples of the halogen atom of Ra 1 to Ra 3 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, with a fluorine atom or an iodine atom being preferred.
- the alkyl group contained in the alkoxycarbonyl group of Ra 1 to Ra 3 may be either linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group contained in the alkoxycarbonyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3.
- Ra 1 to Ra 3 are preferably each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, more preferably Ra 1 and Ra 3 are hydrogen atoms, and Ra 2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- La 1 represents a divalent linking group having an aromatic group. It is preferable that La 1 contains an arylene group. La 1 preferably represents an arylene group or a divalent linking group containing an arylene group and a divalent linking group other than the arylene group. Examples of divalent linking groups other than arylene groups include carbonyl group (-CO-), -O-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, amide group (-CONR-), and sulfonamide group (- SO 2 NR-), an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an alkenylene group, and a linking group in which a plurality of these are linked.
- Each of the above R represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group, and the organic group is preferably an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a combination thereof.
- the divalent linking group other than the arylene group is preferably at least one of a carbonyl group and -O-, and more preferably a carbonyl group.
- La 1 represents an arylene group or a divalent linking group consisting of an arylene group and a carbonyl group.
- the arylene group contained in La 1 is preferably an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a phenylene group.
- Ra 3 and La 1 in general formula (A-1) may be connected to form a ring.
- the aromatic group contained in La 1 may have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, and an alkoxy group. Examples include carbonyl group, halogen atom, and cyano group.
- Ra 4 to Ra 6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, an aralkyl group, or an alkenyl group.
- the alkyl groups of Ra 4 to Ra 6 may be either linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 6.
- the methylene group contained in the alkyl group of Ra 4 to Ra 6 may be replaced with at least one of -CO- and -O-.
- the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group of Ra 4 to Ra 6 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 20, more preferably 5 to 15.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group for Ra 4 to Ra 6 include monocyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group, and polycyclic groups such as a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, and an adamantyl group.
- a cycloalkyl group is preferred.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aryl group of Ra 4 to Ra 6 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 6 to 20, more preferably 6 to 10.
- the most preferred aryl group for Ra 4 to Ra 6 is a phenyl group.
- the aralkyl group of Ra 4 to Ra 6 is preferably a group in which one hydrogen atom in the alkyl group of Ra 4 to Ra 6 described above is substituted with an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably a phenyl group), For example, a benzyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkenyl group of Ra 4 to Ra 6 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 5, more preferably 2 to 4.
- a vinyl group is preferred.
- the aromatic heterocyclic group of Ra 4 to Ra 6 preferably contains at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, and an oxygen atom, and more preferably a sulfur atom.
- the number of heteroatoms contained in the aromatic heterocyclic group is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aromatic heterocyclic group is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 2 to 20, more preferably from 3 to 15.
- the aromatic heterocyclic group may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- Examples of the aromatic heterocyclic group of Ra 4 to Ra 6 include thienyl group, furanyl group, benzothienyl group, dibenzothienyl group, benzofuranyl group, pyrrole group, oxazolyl group, thiazolyl group, pyridyl group, isothiazolyl group, thiadiazolyl group. Examples include groups. Each group represented by Ra 4 to Ra 6 may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the above substituent T, and preferred are an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, and an alkoxy group. Furthermore, two or more substituents may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Two of Ra 4 to Ra 6 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the repeating unit represented by general formula (A-1) is preferably a repeating unit represented by general formula (A-11) below.
- Ra 1 to Ra 3 and Ra 4 to Ra 6 in general formula (A-11) are respectively synonymous with Ra 1 to Ra 3 and Ra 4 to Ra 6 in general formula (A-1) above, and are preferable.
- the example is similar.
- La 11 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the linking group include carbonyl group (-CO-), -O-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, amide group (-CONR-), Examples include a sulfonamide group (-SO 2 NR-), an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an alkenylene group, and a linking group in which a plurality of these are linked.
- Each of the above R represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group, and the organic group is preferably an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a combination thereof.
- La 11 is preferably a single bond or *-CO-O-**. * represents a bond with the carbon atom of the main chain, and ** represents a bond with an aromatic ring group.
- Ra 0 represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a halogen atom, or a cyano group.
- the plurality of Ra 0s may be the same or different.
- na represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- ma represents an integer from 0 to 2.
- na is preferably 0 or 1.
- Ma is preferably 0 or 1.
- repeating unit represented by general formula (A-1) Specific examples of the repeating unit represented by general formula (A-1) are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Ra 7 to Ra 9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, halogen atom, cyano group, and alkoxycarbonyl group represented by Ra 7 to Ra 9 include the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, and cycloalkyl group represented by Ra 1 to Ra 3 in the above general formula (A-1). group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, and an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- Ra 7 to Ra 9 are preferably each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, more preferably Ra 7 and Ra 9 are hydrogen atoms, and Ra 8 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- La 2 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the linking group include carbonyl group (-CO-), -O-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, amide group (-CONR-), Examples include a sulfonamide group (-SO 2 NR-), an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an alkenylene group, and a linking group in which a plurality of these are linked.
- Each of the above R represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group, and the organic group is preferably an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a combination thereof.
- La 2 is preferably a single bond.
- Ara represents an aromatic ring group.
- Ara preferably represents an arylene group, preferably represents an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably represents an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably represents a phenylene group.
- Ra 10 to Ra 12 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, or an alkenyl group. represents.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, aromatic heterocyclic group, aralkyl group, and alkenyl group represented by Ra 10 to Ra 12 include Ra 4 to Ra 6 in the above general formula (A-1). Examples include alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, aryl groups, aromatic heterocyclic groups, aralkyl groups, and alkenyl groups, and preferred examples are also the same.
- Examples of the alkyl group possessed by the alkoxy group represented by Ra 10 to Ra 12 include the alkyl groups represented by Ra 4 to Ra 6 in the above-mentioned general formula (A-1), and preferred examples are also the same.
- Each group represented by Ra 10 to Ra 12 may have a substituent.
- Ra 10 to Ra 12 may be bonded to each other to form a ring. Furthermore, Ra 9 to Ra 12 may be combined with Ara.
- repeating unit represented by general formula (A-2) Specific examples of the repeating unit represented by general formula (A-2) are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the number of repeating units represented by general formula (A-1) or (A-2) contained in the resin (A) may be one or two or more.
- the content of the repeating unit represented by general formula (A-1) or (A-2) is preferably 5 mol% or more, more preferably 10 mol% or more, based on the total repeating units in the resin (A). Preferably, 15 mol% or more is more preferable. Further, the content of the repeating unit represented by general formula (A-1) or (A-2) is preferably 70 mol% or less, and 60 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in the resin (A). is more preferable, and even more preferably 50 mol% or less.
- the resin (A) further contains another acid-decomposable repeating unit (a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group). May contain.
- the resin (A) contains a repeating unit having a polar group from the viewpoint of improving roughness performance.
- polar groups include hydroxyl group, lactone structure, saltone structure, lactam structure, imide structure, amide structure, sulfonamide structure, carbonate structure, urethane structure, urea structure, nitrile structure, sulfoxide structure, and sulfone structure.
- a repeating unit having an aromatic hydroxyl group is preferable, and a repeating unit having an aromatic hydroxyl group is particularly preferable.
- the repeating unit containing an aromatic hydroxyl group is preferably a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (A-3).
- the resin (A) preferably has a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (A-3).
- R 101 , R 102 and R 103 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyloxycarbonyl group.
- R 102 may be combined with Ar A to form a ring, and in that case R 102 represents a single bond or an alkylene group.
- L A represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Ar A represents an aromatic ring group.
- k represents an integer from 1 to 5.
- R 101 , R 102 and R 103 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyloxycarbonyl group.
- Examples of the alkyl group represented by R 101 to R 103 include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, hexyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, octyl group, and dodecyl group.
- An alkyl group having 20 or less carbon atoms is preferable, an alkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkyl group having 3 or less carbon atoms is still more preferable.
- the cycloalkyl group represented by R 101 to R 103 may be monocyclic or polycyclic. Among these, monocyclic cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 8 carbon atoms such as cyclopropyl group, cyclopentyl group, and cyclohexyl group are preferred.
- the alkyl group contained in the alkoxycarbonyl group represented by R 101 to R 103 is preferably the same as the alkyl group in R 101 to R 103 above.
- the alkylene group for R 102 is preferably a group obtained by removing one arbitrary hydrogen atom from the alkyl group in R 101 to R 103 above.
- Examples of the halogen atom represented by R 101 to R 103 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, with a fluorine atom being preferred.
- Preferred substituents for each of the above groups include, for example, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an amino group, an amide group, a ureido group, a urethane group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, a thioether group, and an acyl group. , an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cyano group, and a nitro group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the substituent is preferably 8 or less.
- Ar A represents a (k+1)-valent aromatic ring group.
- R 102 When R 102 is combined with Ar A to form a ring, it represents a (k+2)-valent aromatic ring group.
- the divalent aromatic ring group when k is 1 may have a substituent, for example, an arylene group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms such as a phenylene group, tolylene group, naphthylene group, and anthracenylene group.
- a hetero ring such as a thiophene ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, a benzothiophene ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzopyrrole ring, a triazine ring, an imidazole ring, a benzimidazole ring, a triazole ring, a thiadiazole ring, and a thiazole ring.
- a ring group is preferred.
- (k+1)-valent aromatic ring groups when k is an integer of 2 or more include (k-1) arbitrary hydrogen atoms removed from the above-mentioned specific examples of divalent aromatic ring groups. The following groups are mentioned.
- the (k+1)-valent aromatic ring group may further have a substituent.
- substituents that the (k+1)-valent aromatic ring group may have include a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkenyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, and an alkylsulfonyloxy group. , an alkyloxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, and the like. A plurality of substituents may be combined to form a ring.
- Ar A is preferably an aromatic ring group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably a benzene ring group, a naphthalene ring group, or a biphenylene ring group.
- the repeating unit represented by general formula (A-3) preferably has a hydroxystyrene structure. That is, Ar A is preferably a benzene ring group, more preferably a phenylene group (a divalent benzene ring group).
- L A represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group represented by L A includes *-X 4 -L 4 -**.
- X 4 represents a single bond, -COO-, or -CONR 64 -
- R 64 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- L 4 represents a single bond or an alkylene group. * is a bond with the carbon atom of the main chain in general formula (A-3), and ** is a bond with Ar A.
- the alkyl group of R 64 in -CONR 64 - (R 64 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group) represented by X 4 includes a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec Examples include alkyl groups having 20 or less carbon atoms such as -butyl group, hexyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, octyl group, and dodecyl group, with alkyl groups having 8 or less carbon atoms being preferred.
- X 4 is preferably a single bond, -COO-, or -CONH-, and more preferably a single bond or -COO-.
- the alkylene group for L 4 is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a hexylene group, and an octylene group.
- L A is preferably a single bond, -COO-, or -CONH-, and more preferably a single bond.
- k represents an integer of 1 to 5.
- k is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2, and even more preferably 1.
- the repeating unit represented by general formula (A-3) is preferably a repeating unit represented by general formula (1) below.
- A represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, or a cyano group.
- R represents a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkenyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, an alkylsulfonyloxy group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group, or an aryloxycarbonyl group, and there are a plurality of them. They may be the same or different depending on the case. When a plurality of R's are present, they may cooperate with each other to form a ring.
- R is preferably a hydrogen atom.
- a represents an integer from 1 to 3.
- b represents an integer from 0 to (3-a).
- repeating unit represented by general formula (A-3) are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- a represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- a represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- examples of polar groups include acid groups.
- examples of the acid group include acid groups in the "repeating unit having an acid group" described below.
- the content of the repeating unit having a polar group is preferably 5 mol% or more with respect to all repeating units in the resin (A), and 10 It is more preferably mol % or more, and even more preferably 20 mol % or more. Further, the content of repeating units having polar groups is preferably 90 mol% or less, more preferably 85 mol% or less, and 80 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in the resin (A). It is more preferable that it is the following.
- the resin (A) may contain at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of the following group A, and/or at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of the following group B. good.
- Group A A group consisting of the following repeating units (20) to (25).
- (20) A repeating unit having an acid group, as described below.
- a repeating unit having a photoacid generating group described below A repeating unit having a photoacid generating group described later (25)
- Group B A group consisting of the following repeating units (30) to (32).
- a preferred embodiment of the resin (A) includes an embodiment in which the resin (A) contains at least one of a repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group and a repeating unit having a lactone group. This improves the adhesion of the resist film formed from the composition of the present invention to the substrate.
- the resin (A) preferably has an acid group, and as described below, preferably contains a repeating unit having an acid group.
- the resin (A) has an acid group, the interaction between the resin (A) and the acid generated from the photoacid generator is more excellent. As a result, acid diffusion is further suppressed, and the cross-sectional shape of the formed pattern can be made more rectangular.
- the resin (A) may have at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of the above group A.
- the resin (A) should have at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of the above group A. is preferred.
- the resin (A) may contain at least one of a fluorine atom and an iodine atom.
- the resin (A) preferably contains at least one of a fluorine atom and an iodine atom.
- the resin (A) may have one repeating unit containing both a fluorine atom and an iodine atom; It may contain two types: a repeating unit having a fluorine atom and a repeating unit containing an iodine atom.
- the resin (A) may have at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of Group B above.
- the resin (A) may have at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of the above group B. preferable.
- the resin (A) contains neither a fluorine atom nor a silicon atom.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit having an acid group.
- an acid group having a pKa of 13 or less is preferable.
- the acid dissociation constant of the acid group is preferably 13 or less, more preferably 3 to 13, and even more preferably 5 to 10.
- the content of acid groups in the resin (A) is not particularly limited, but is often 0.2 to 6.0 mmol/g. Among these, 0.8 to 6.0 mmol/g is preferable, 1.2 to 5.0 mmol/g is more preferable, and even more preferably 1.6 to 4.0 mmol/g.
- the content of acid groups is within the above range, development proceeds well, the formed pattern shape is excellent, and the resolution is also excellent.
- the acid group for example, a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a fluorinated alcohol group (preferably a hexafluoroisopropanol group), a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonamide group, or an isopropanol group is preferable.
- hexafluoroisopropanol group one or more (preferably 1 to 2) fluorine atoms may be substituted with a group other than a fluorine atom (such as an alkoxycarbonyl group).
- the repeating unit having an acid group is different from the above-mentioned repeating unit having a structure in which the polar group is protected with a group that is eliminated by the action of an acid, and the repeating unit having a lactone group, sultone group, or carbonate group described below. Preferably it is a repeating unit.
- the repeating unit having an acid group may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- repeating unit having an acid group in addition to specific examples of the repeating unit represented by the above-mentioned general formula (A-3), the following repeating units may be mentioned.
- the content of the repeating unit having an acid group is preferably 5 mol% or more, and 10 mol% or more, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A). is more preferable.
- the upper limit thereof is preferably 70 mol% or less, more preferably 65 mol% or less, and even more preferably 60 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in the resin (A).
- Resin (A) is a repeating unit that does not have either an acid-decomposable group or an acid group and has a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom, in addition to the above-mentioned acid-decomposable repeating units and repeating units having an acid group. (hereinafter also referred to as unit X).
- the ⁇ repeat unit having neither an acid-decomposable group nor an acid group but a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom> referred to herein means the ⁇ repeat unit having a lactone group, sultone group, or carbonate group> described below. It is preferable that the repeating unit is different from other types of repeating units belonging to Group A, such as , and ⁇ repeat unit having a photoacid generating group>.
- a repeating unit represented by formula (C) is preferable.
- L 5 represents a single bond or an ester group.
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- R10 may have a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, a cycloalkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, a fluorine atom or an iodine atom. Represents an aryl group or a group combining these.
- repeating units having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom are shown below.
- the content of unit X is preferably 0 mol% or more, more preferably 5 mol% or more, and even more preferably 10 mol% or more, based on all repeating units in the resin (A). Moreover, the upper limit thereof is preferably 50 mol% or less, more preferably 45 mol% or less, and even more preferably 40 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in the resin (A).
- the total content of repeating units containing at least one of a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom is preferably 10 mol% or more based on all repeating units of the resin (A). , more preferably 20 mol% or more, still more preferably 30 mol% or more, particularly preferably 40 mol% or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 100 mol% or less based on all repeating units of the resin (A).
- the repeating unit containing at least one of a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom includes, for example, a repeating unit having a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom and an acid-decomposable group, a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, and a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group.
- Examples include repeating units having an atom or an iodine atom and an acid group, and repeating units having a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit (hereinafter also referred to as "unit Y") having at least one type selected from the group consisting of a lactone group, a sultone group, and a carbonate group. It is also preferable that the unit Y does not have an acid group such as a hydroxyl group or a hexafluoropropanol group.
- the unit Y also corresponds to the above-mentioned repeating unit having a polar group.
- the lactone group or sultone group may have a lactone structure or a sultone structure.
- the lactone structure or sultone structure is preferably a 5- to 7-membered ring lactone structure or a 5- to 7-membered ring sultone structure.
- 5- to 7-membered ring lactone structures are fused with other ring structures to form a bicyclo or spiro structure, or 5- to 7-membered sultone structures to form a bicyclo or spiro structure. More preferred is a structure in which another ring structure is condensed.
- the resin (A) has a lactone structure represented by any of the following formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-21), or a lactone structure represented by any of the following formulas (SL1-1) to (SL1-3). It is preferable to have a repeating unit having a lactone group or sultone group formed by abstracting one or more hydrogen atoms from a ring member atom of a sultone structure, and the lactone group or sultone group may be directly bonded to the main chain.
- ring member atoms of a lactone group or a sultone group may constitute the main chain of the resin (A).
- the lactone structure or sultone structure may have a substituent (Rb 2 ).
- Preferred substituents (Rb 2 ) include an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and a carboxyl group. , a halogen atom, a cyano group, and an acid-decomposable group.
- n2 represents an integer from 0 to 4. When n2 is 2 or more, a plurality of Rb 2s may be different, or a plurality of Rb 2s may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Examples of the unit include a repeating unit represented by the following formula (AI).
- Rb 0 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Preferred substituents that the alkyl group of Rb 0 may have include a hydroxyl group and a halogen atom. Examples of the halogen atom for Rb 0 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. Rb 0 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- Ab is a single bond, an alkylene group, a divalent linking group having a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon structure, an ether group, an ester group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, or a divalent linkage of a combination thereof. represents a group.
- Ab is preferably a single bond or a linking group represented by -Ab 1 -CO 2 -.
- Ab 1 is a linear or branched alkylene group, or a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkylene group, and is preferably a methylene group, ethylene group, cyclohexylene group, adamantylene group, or norbornylene group.
- V is a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a ring member atom of a lactone structure represented by any of formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-21), or Represents a group formed by abstracting one hydrogen atom from a ring member atom of a sultone structure represented by any of 3).
- any optical isomer may be used. Further, one type of optical isomer may be used alone or a plurality of optical isomers may be used in combination. When one type of optical isomer is mainly used, its optical purity (ee) is preferably 90 or more, more preferably 95 or more.
- a cyclic carbonate group is preferable.
- a repeating unit having a cyclic carbonate group a repeating unit represented by the following formula (A-1) is preferable.
- R A 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a monovalent organic group (preferably a methyl group).
- n represents an integer of 0 or more.
- R A 2 represents a substituent. When n is 2 or more, a plurality of R A 2 's may be the same or different.
- A represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group mentioned above is an alkylene group, a divalent linking group having a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon structure, an ether group, an ester group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, or a combination of these.
- a valent linking group is preferred.
- Z represents an atomic group forming a monocyclic or polycyclic ring together with the group represented by -O-CO-O- in the formula.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom, -CH 3 , -CH 2 OH, or -CF 3 .
- the content of the unit Y is preferably 1 mol% or more, more preferably 10 mol% or more, based on all repeating units in the resin (A).
- the upper limit thereof is preferably 85 mol% or less, more preferably 80 mol% or less, even more preferably 70 mol% or less, particularly 60 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in the resin (A). preferable.
- the resin (A) is a repeating unit having a group that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation (preferably an electron beam or extreme ultraviolet rays) (hereinafter also referred to as a "photoacid generating group") as a repeating unit other than the above. It may have.
- actinic rays or radiation preferably an electron beam or extreme ultraviolet rays
- photoacid generating group a repeating unit having a group that generates an acid when decomposed by irradiation with an electron beam or extreme ultraviolet rays.
- the repeating unit having a photoacid generating group include a repeating unit represented by formula (4).
- R 41 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- L 41 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- L 42 represents a divalent linking group.
- R 40 represents a structural moiety that decomposes upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation to generate an acid in the side chain. Examples of repeating units having a photoacid generating group are shown below.
- examples of the repeating unit represented by formula (4) include the repeating units described in paragraphs [0094] to [0105] of JP2014-041327A and WO2018/193954A. Examples include the repeating units described in paragraph [0094].
- the content of the repeating unit having a photoacid generating group is preferably 1 mol% or more with respect to all repeating units in the resin (A), More preferably 5 mol% or more. Further, the upper limit thereof is preferably 40 mol% or less, more preferably 35 mol% or less, and even more preferably 30 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in the resin (A).
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit represented by the following formula (V-1) or the following formula (V-2).
- the repeating units represented by the following formulas (V-1) and (V-2) are preferably repeating units different from the above-mentioned repeating units.
- R 6 and R 7 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a halogen atom, an ester group (-OCOR or -COOR: R is the number of carbon atoms 1 to 6 alkyl groups or fluorinated alkyl groups), or carboxyl groups.
- the alkyl group is preferably a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- n 3 represents an integer from 0 to 6.
- n 4 represents an integer from 0 to 4.
- X 4 is a methylene group, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom.
- Examples of the repeating unit represented by formula (V-1) or (V-2) are shown below.
- Examples of the repeating unit represented by formula (V-1) or (V-2) include the repeating unit described in paragraph [0100] of International Publication No. 2018/193954.
- the resin (A) preferably has a high glass transition temperature (Tg) from the viewpoint of suppressing excessive diffusion of generated acid or pattern collapse during development.
- Tg is preferably greater than 90°C, more preferably greater than 100°C, even more preferably greater than 110°C, and particularly preferably greater than 125°C.
- Tg is preferably 400°C or less, more preferably 350°C or less.
- Tg of a repeating unit the glass transition temperature (Tg) of a polymer such as resin (A) (hereinafter referred to as "Tg of a repeating unit" is calculated by the following method.
- the Tg of a homopolymer consisting only of each repeating unit contained in the polymer is calculated by the Bicerano method.
- the mass ratio (%) of each repeating unit to all repeating units in the polymer is calculated.
- the Tg at each mass ratio is calculated using Fox's formula (described in Materials Letters 62 (2008) 3152, etc.), and these are summed to determine the Tg (° C.) of the polymer.
- the Bicerano method is described in Prediction of polymer properties, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York (1993). Calculation of Tg by the Bicerano method can be performed using polymer physical property estimation software MDL Polymer (MDL Information Systems, Inc.).
- the resin (A) In order to increase the Tg of the resin (A) (preferably to make the Tg higher than 90° C.), it is preferable to reduce the mobility of the main chain of the resin (A).
- methods for reducing the mobility of the main chain of resin (A) include the following methods (a) to (e). (a) Introduction of a bulky substituent to the main chain (b) Introduction of multiple substituents to the main chain (c) Introduction of a substituent that induces interaction between the resins (A) near the main chain ( d) Main chain formation with a cyclic structure (e) Connection of the cyclic structure to the main chain It is preferable that the resin (A) has a repeating unit whose homopolymer Tg is 130° C. or higher.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit having at least one type of group selected from a lactone group, a sultone group, a carbonate group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and an alkali-soluble group.
- Examples of the repeating unit having a lactone group, sultone group, or carbonate group that the resin (A) has include the repeating units described in ⁇ Repeating unit having a lactone group, sultone group, or carbonate group> described above.
- the preferable content is also as explained above in ⁇ Repeating unit having lactone group, sultone group, or carbonate group>.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. This improves substrate adhesion and developer affinity.
- the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group is preferably a repeating unit having an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure substituted with a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.
- the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group preferably does not have an acid-decomposable group. Examples of the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group include those described in paragraphs [0081] to [0084] of JP-A No. 2014-098921.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group.
- the alkali-soluble group include a carboxyl group, a sulfonamide group, a sulfonylimide group, a bissulfonylimide group, and an aliphatic alcohol group substituted with an electron-withdrawing group at the ⁇ position (for example, a hexafluoroisopropanol group). , carboxyl group is preferred.
- the resin (A) contains a repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group, resolution in contact hole applications increases. Examples of the repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group include those described in paragraphs [0085] and [0086] of JP-A-2014-098921.
- the resin (A) has an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure and may have repeating units that are not acid-decomposable. This can reduce the elution of low molecular weight components from the resist film into the immersion liquid during immersion exposure.
- repeating units having an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure and not showing acid decomposability include 1-adamantyl (meth)acrylate, diamantyl (meth)acrylate, tricyclodecanyl (meth)acrylate, or cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate. Examples include repeating units derived from acrylates.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit represented by formula (III) that does not have either a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.
- R 5 represents a hydrocarbon group having at least one cyclic structure and having neither a hydroxyl group nor a cyano group.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or two groups of -CH 2 -O-Ra.
- Ra 2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an acyl group. Examples of the repeating unit represented by formula (III) having neither a hydroxyl group nor a cyano group include those described in paragraphs [0087] to [0094] of JP-A No. 2014-098921.
- the resin (A) may have repeating units other than the above-mentioned repeating units.
- the resin (A) has a repeating unit selected from the group consisting of a repeating unit having an oxathian ring group, a repeating unit having an oxazolone ring group, a repeating unit having a dioxane ring group, and a repeating unit having a hydantoin ring group. You may do so.
- the resin (A) contains various repeating structural units for the purpose of adjusting dry etching resistance, standard developer suitability, substrate adhesion, resist profile, resolution, heat resistance, sensitivity, etc. It may have.
- the repeating unit is composed of repeating units.
- all of the repeating units are composed of (meth)acrylate repeating units.
- all of the repeating units are methacrylate repeating units
- all of the repeating units are acrylate repeating units
- all of the repeating units are methacrylate.
- Either a type repeating unit or an acrylate type repeating unit can be used, and it is preferable that the acrylate type repeating unit accounts for 50 mol% or less of the total repeating units.
- Resin (A) can be synthesized according to conventional methods (eg, radical polymerization).
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the resin (A) is preferably 30,000 or less, more preferably 1,000 to 30,000, and even more preferably 3,000 to 30,000, as a polystyrene equivalent value determined by GPC method. Particularly preferred is 5,000 to 15,000.
- the degree of dispersion (molecular weight distribution, Pd, Mw/Mn) of the resin (A) is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3, even more preferably 1.2 to 3.0, and 1.2 to 2.0. is particularly preferred. The smaller the degree of dispersion, the better the resolution and resist shape, the smoother the side walls of the resist pattern, and the better the roughness.
- composition of the present invention may contain one type of resin (A) or two or more types.
- the content of the resin (A) is preferably 40.0 to 99.9% by mass, and 60.0 to 90.0% by mass, based on the total solid content of the composition of the present invention. is more preferable.
- the resin (A) may be used alone or in combination.
- the composition of the present invention preferably contains a compound (photoacid generator) that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation.
- the photoacid generator may be in the form of a low molecular compound or may be incorporated into a part of the polymer. Further, a form of a low molecular compound and a form incorporated into a part of a polymer may be used together.
- the photoacid generator is in the form of a low molecular weight compound, the molecular weight of the photoacid generator is preferably 3000 or less, more preferably 2000 or less, and even more preferably 1000 or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 or more.
- the photoacid generator When the photoacid generator is incorporated into a part of the polymer, it may be incorporated into a part of the resin (A), or may be incorporated into a resin different from the resin (A).
- the photoacid generator is preferably in the form of a low molecular weight compound.
- the photoacid generator is preferably a compound that generates an acid with a pKa of -2.0 or more when irradiated with actinic rays or radiation, and a compound that generates an acid with a pKa of -2.0 or more and 1.0 or less. It is more preferable that
- Examples of the photoacid generator include a compound represented by "M + X - " (onium salt), and preferably a compound that generates an organic acid upon exposure to light.
- Examples of the organic acids include sulfonic acids (aliphatic sulfonic acids, aromatic sulfonic acids, camphorsulfonic acids, etc.), carboxylic acids (aliphatic carboxylic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, aralkylcarboxylic acids, etc.), carbonylsulfonylimide acid, bis(alkylsulfonyl)imidic acid, and tris(alkylsulfonyl)methide acid.
- sulfonic acids aliphatic sulfonic acids, aromatic sulfonic acids, camphorsulfonic acids, etc.
- carboxylic acids aliphatic carboxylic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, aralkylcarboxylic acids, etc.
- carbonylsulfonylimide acid bis(al
- M + represents an organic cation.
- the organic cation is not particularly limited.
- the valence of the organic cation may be one or more than two.
- the organic cations include a cation represented by formula (ZaI) (hereinafter also referred to as “cation (ZaI)”), or a cation represented by formula (ZaII) (hereinafter referred to as “cation (ZaII)”).
- ZaI cation represented by formula (ZaI)
- ZaII cation (ZaII)
- R 201 , R 202 , and R 203 each independently represent an organic group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the organic group as R 201 , R 202 , and R 203 is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 20.
- Two of R 201 to R 203 may be combined to form a ring structure, and the ring may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, an ester group, an amide group, or a carbonyl group.
- Examples of the group formed by combining two of R 201 to R 203 include an alkylene group (for example, a butylene group and a pentylene group), and -CH 2 -CH 2 -O-CH 2 -CH 2 -. Can be mentioned.
- Preferred embodiments of the organic cation in formula (ZaI) include cation (ZaI-1), cation (ZaI-2), cation (ZaI-3b), and cation (ZaI-4b), which will be described later.
- the cation (ZaI-1) is an arylsulfonium cation in which at least one of R 201 to R 203 in the above formula (ZaI) is an aryl group.
- the arylsulfonium cation all of R 201 to R 203 may be an aryl group, or some of R 201 to R 203 may be an aryl group, and the remainder may be an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group.
- R 201 to R 203 is an aryl group, and the remaining two of R 201 to R 203 may be combined to form a ring structure, and the ring may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or an ester group. , an amide group, or a carbonyl group.
- the group formed by combining two of R 201 to R 203 includes, for example, one or more methylene groups substituted with an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, an ester group, an amide group, and/or a carbonyl group. and alkylene groups such as butylene, pentylene, and -CH 2 -CH 2 -O-CH 2 -CH 2 -.
- Arylsulfonium cations include triarylsulfonium cations, diarylalkylsulfonium cations, aryldialkylsulfonium cations, diarylcycloalkylsulfonium cations, and aryldicycloalkylsulfonium cations.
- the aryl group contained in the arylsulfonium cation is preferably a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, and more preferably a phenyl group.
- the aryl group may be an aryl group having a heterocyclic structure having an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, or the like. Examples of the heterocyclic structure include a pyrrole residue, a furan residue, a thiophene residue, an indole residue, a benzofuran residue, and a benzothiophene residue.
- the arylsulfonium cation has two or more aryl groups, the two or more aryl groups may be the same or different.
- the alkyl group or cycloalkyl group that the arylsulfonium cation has as necessary is a linear alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms.
- a cycloalkyl group is preferred, and a methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, or cyclohexyl group is more preferred.
- substituents that the aryl group, alkyl group, and cycloalkyl group of R 201 to R 203 may have include an alkyl group (for example, having 1 to 15 carbon atoms) and a cycloalkyl group (for example, having 3 to 15 carbon atoms).
- aryl group for example, 6 to 14 carbon atoms
- alkoxy group for example, 1 to 15 carbon atoms
- cycloalkylalkoxy group for example, 1 to 15 carbon atoms
- halogen atom for example, fluorine and iodine
- a hydroxyl group for example, a carboxyl group, an ester group, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an alkylthio group, or a phenylthio group.
- the above-mentioned substituent may further have a substituent if possible, and it is also preferable that the above-mentioned alkyl group has a halogen atom as a substituent to become a halogenated alkyl group such as a trifluoromethyl group. It is also preferable that the above substituents form an acid-decomposable group by any combination.
- the acid-decomposable group is intended to be a group that is decomposed by the action of an acid to produce a polar group, and preferably has a structure in which the polar group is protected with a group that is eliminated by the action of an acid.
- the above polar group and leaving group are as described above.
- the cation (ZaI-2) is a cation in which R 201 to R 203 in the formula (ZaI) each independently represent an organic group having no aromatic ring.
- the aromatic ring also includes an aromatic ring containing a heteroatom.
- the carbon number of the organic group having no aromatic ring as R 201 to R 203 is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 20.
- R 201 to R 203 are each independently preferably an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an allyl group, or a vinyl group, and a linear or branched 2-oxoalkyl group, a 2-oxocycloalkyl group, or An alkoxycarbonylmethyl group is more preferred, and a linear or branched 2-oxoalkyl group is even more preferred.
- the alkyl group and cycloalkyl group of R 201 to R 203 are, for example, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group). , butyl group, and pentyl group), and cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (eg, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, and norbornyl group).
- R 201 to R 203 may be further substituted with a halogen atom, an alkoxy group (eg, having 1 to 5 carbon atoms), a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, or a nitro group. It is also preferable that the substituents R 201 to R 203 each independently form an acid-decomposable group by any combination of substituents.
- the cation (ZaI-3b) is a cation represented by the following formula (ZaI-3b).
- R 1c to R 5c each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, a cycloalkyl group.
- R 6c and R 7c each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (eg, t-butyl group, etc.), a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an aryl group.
- R x and R y each independently represent an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a 2-oxoalkyl group, a 2-oxocycloalkyl group, an alkoxycarbonylalkyl group, an allyl group, or a vinyl group. It is also preferable that the substituents of R 1c to R 7c and R x and R y each independently form an acid-decomposable group by any combination of substituents.
- R 1c to R 5c , R 5c and R 6c , R 6c and R 7c , R 5c and R x , and R x and R y may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the rings may each independently contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a ketone group, an ester bond, or an amide bond.
- the above-mentioned ring include an aromatic or non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring, an aromatic or non-aromatic heterocycle, and a polycyclic condensed ring formed by combining two or more of these rings.
- the ring include a 3- to 10-membered ring, preferably a 4- to 8-membered ring, and more preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring.
- Examples of the group formed by combining any two or more of R 1c to R 5c , R 6c and R 7c , and R x and R y include alkylene groups such as a butylene group and a pentylene group.
- the methylene group in this alkylene group may be substituted with a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom.
- the group formed by bonding R 5c and R 6c and R 5c and R x is preferably a single bond or an alkylene group.
- Alkylene groups include methylene and ethylene groups.
- R 1c to R 5c , R 6c , R 7c , R x , R y , and any two or more of R 1c to R 5c , R 5c and R 6c , R 6c and R 7c , R 5c and R x , and the ring formed by bonding R x and R y to each other may have a substituent.
- the cation (ZaI-4b) is a cation represented by the following formula (ZaI-4b).
- R13 is a group containing a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom (e.g., a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, etc.), a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, a halogenated alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or a cycloalkyl group (cycloalkyl It may be a group itself or a group partially containing a cycloalkyl group). These groups may have substituents.
- a halogen atom e.g., a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, etc.
- R14 is a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom (e.g., a fluorine atom and an iodine atom), an alkyl group, a halogenated alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, a cycloalkylsulfonyl group, or a cycloalkyl group.
- each R 14 independently represents the above group such as a hydroxyl group.
- R 15 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or a naphthyl group.
- Two R 15s may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the ring skeleton may contain a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom.
- two R 15s are alkylene groups and are preferably bonded to each other to form a ring structure.
- the ring formed by bonding the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, naphthyl group, and two R 15s to each other may have a substituent.
- the alkyl groups of R 13 , R 14 and R 15 may be linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 10.
- the alkyl group is preferably a methyl group, ethyl group, n-butyl group, or t-butyl group. It is also preferable that each substituent of R 13 to R 15 and R x and R y each independently form an acid-decomposable group by any combination of substituents.
- R 204 and R 205 each independently represent an aryl group, an alkyl group, or a cycloalkyl group.
- the aryl group for R 204 and R 205 is preferably a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, and more preferably a phenyl group.
- the aryl group of R 204 and R 205 may be an aryl group having a heterocycle having an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, or the like.
- Examples of the skeleton of the aryl group having a heterocycle include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, indole, benzofuran, and benzothiophene.
- the alkyl group and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 include a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group), or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (eg, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, or norbornyl group).
- the aryl group, alkyl group, and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 may each independently have a substituent.
- substituents that the aryl group, alkyl group, and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 may have include an alkyl group (e.g., carbon number 1 to 15), a cycloalkyl group (e.g., carbon number 3 to 15), an aryl group (eg, carbon number 6 to 15), an alkoxy group (eg, carbon number 1 to 15), a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, and a phenylthio group.
- the substituents of R 204 and R 205 each independently form an acid-decomposable group using any combination of substituents.
- X - represents an organic anion.
- the organic anion is not particularly limited, and includes mono- or divalent or higher-valent organic anions.
- an anion having a significantly low ability to cause a nucleophilic reaction is preferable, and a non-nucleophilic anion is more preferable.
- non-nucleophilic anions examples include sulfonic acid anions (aliphatic sulfonic acid anions, aromatic sulfonic acid anions, camphor sulfonic acid anions, etc.), carboxylic acid anions (aliphatic carboxylic acid anions, aromatic carboxylic acid anions, and aralkylcarboxylic acid anions), sulfonylimide anions, bis(alkylsulfonyl)imide anions, and tris(alkylsulfonyl)methide anions.
- sulfonic acid anions aliphatic sulfonic acid anions, aromatic sulfonic acid anions, camphor sulfonic acid anions, etc.
- carboxylic acid anions aliphatic carboxylic acid anions, aromatic carboxylic acid anions, and aralkylcarboxylic acid anions
- sulfonylimide anions bis(alkylsulfonyl)imi
- the aliphatic moiety in the aliphatic sulfonic acid anion and the aliphatic carboxylic acid anion may be a linear or branched alkyl group, or a cycloalkyl group, and may be a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. Alternatively, a branched alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the alkyl group may be, for example, a fluoroalkyl group (which may have a substituent other than a fluorine atom and may be a perfluoroalkyl group).
- the aryl group in the aromatic sulfonic acid anion and the aromatic carboxylic acid anion is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, and a naphthyl group.
- alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, and aryl group listed above may have a substituent.
- Substituents are not particularly limited, but include, for example, nitro groups, halogen atoms such as fluorine atoms and chlorine atoms, carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, cyano groups, alkoxy groups (preferably having 1 to 15 carbon atoms), alkyl groups ( (preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms), cycloalkyl group (preferably has 3 to 15 carbon atoms), aryl group (preferably has 6 to 14 carbon atoms), alkoxycarbonyl group (preferably has 2 to 7 carbon atoms), acyl group (preferably has 2 to 7 carbon atoms), (preferably has 2 to 12 carbon atoms), alkoxycarbonyloxy group (preferably has 2 to 7 carbon atoms), alkylthio group (preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms), alkylsulfonyl group (preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms), al
- the aralkyl group in the aralkylcarboxylic acid anion is preferably an aralkyl group having 7 to 14 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 14 carbon atoms include benzyl group, phenethyl group, naphthylmethyl group, naphthylethyl group, and naphthylbutyl group.
- Examples of the sulfonylimide anion include saccharin anion.
- the alkyl group in the bis(alkylsulfonyl)imide anion and tris(alkylsulfonyl)methide anion is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- Substituents for these alkyl groups include halogen atoms, alkyl groups substituted with halogen atoms, alkoxy groups, alkylthio groups, alkyloxysulfonyl groups, aryloxysulfonyl groups, and cycloalkylaryloxysulfonyl groups, A fluorine atom or an alkyl group substituted with a fluorine atom is preferred.
- the alkyl groups in the bis(alkylsulfonyl)imide anion may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure. This increases the acid strength.
- non-nucleophilic anions include, for example, fluorinated phosphorus (eg, PF 6 ⁇ ), fluorinated boron (eg, BF 4 ⁇ ), and fluorinated antimony (eg, SbF 6 ⁇ ).
- non-nucleophilic anions include aliphatic sulfonic acid anions in which at least the ⁇ -position of the sulfonic acid is substituted with a fluorine atom, aromatic sulfonic acid anions substituted with a fluorine atom or a group having a fluorine atom, and an alkyl group having a fluorine atom.
- a bis(alkylsulfonyl)imide anion substituted with , or a tris(alkylsulfonyl)methide anion whose alkyl group is substituted with a fluorine atom is preferred.
- perfluoroaliphatic sulfonate anions preferably having 4 to 8 carbon atoms
- benzenesulfonate anions having a fluorine atom are more preferable, and nonafluorobutanesulfonate anions, perfluorooctanesulfonate anions, pentafluorobutanesulfonate anions, etc.
- More preferred is benzenesulfonic acid anion or 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonic acid anion.
- an anion represented by the following formula (AN1) is also preferable.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- the substituent is not particularly limited, but a group that is not an electron-withdrawing group is preferred.
- groups that are not electron-withdrawing groups include hydrocarbon groups, hydroxyl groups, oxyhydrocarbon groups, oxycarbonyl hydrocarbon groups, amino groups, hydrocarbon-substituted amino groups, and hydrocarbon-substituted amide groups.
- groups that are not electron-withdrawing groups -R', -OH, -OR', -OCOR', -NH 2 , -NR' 2 , -NHR', or -NHCOR' are preferable, each independently. .
- R' is a monovalent hydrocarbon group.
- Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group represented by R' include alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl; alkenyl groups such as ethenyl, propenyl, and butenyl; ethynyl Monovalent linear or branched hydrocarbon groups such as alkynyl groups, propynyl groups, butynyl groups; cyclopropyl groups, cyclobutyl groups, cyclopentyl groups, cyclohexyl groups, norbornyl groups, adamantyl groups, etc.
- Cycloalkyl group monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group such as cycloalkenyl group such as cyclopropenyl group, cyclobutenyl group, cyclopentenyl group, and norbornenyl group; phenyl group, tolyl group, xylyl group, mesityl group, naphthyl group, methyl Aryl groups such as naphthyl group, anthryl group, and methylanthryl group; monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon groups such as aralkyl groups such as benzyl group, phenethyl group, phenylpropyl group, naphthylmethyl group, and anthrylmethyl group; Can be mentioned.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently preferably a hydrocarbon group (preferably a cycloalkyl group) or a hydrogen atom.
- L represents a divalent linking group.
- each L may be the same or different.
- the divalent linking group include -O-CO-O-, -COO-, -CONH-, -CO-, -O-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, alkylene group ( (preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), a cycloalkylene group (preferably having 3 to 15 carbon atoms), an alkenylene group (preferably having 2 to 6 carbon atoms), and a divalent linking group that is a combination of a plurality of these. .
- divalent linking groups include -O-CO-O-, -COO-, -CONH-, -CO-, -O-, -SO 2 -, -O-CO-O-alkylene group- , -COO-alkylene group-, or -CONH-alkylene group- is preferred, -O-CO-O-, -O-CO-O-alkylene group-, -COO-, -CONH-, -SO 2 - , or -COO-alkylene group- is more preferred.
- a group represented by the following formula (AN1-1) is preferable. * a -(CR 2a 2 ) X -Q-(CR 2b 2 ) Y -* b (AN1-1)
- * a represents the bonding position with R 3 in formula (AN1).
- * b represents the bonding position with -C(R 1 )(R 2 )- in formula (AN1).
- X and Y each independently represent an integer of 0 to 10, preferably an integer of 0 to 3.
- R 2a and R 2b each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent. When a plurality of R 2a and R 2b exist, the plurality of R 2a and R 2b may be the same or different. However, when Y is 1 or more, R 2b in CR 2b 2 directly bonded to -C(R 1 )(R 2 )- in formula (AN1) is other than a fluorine atom.
- Q is * A -O-CO-O-* B , * A -CO-* B , * A -CO-O-* B , * A -O-CO-* B , * A -O-* B , * A -S-* B , or * A - SO2- * B .
- R 3 represents an organic group.
- the above organic group is not particularly limited as long as it has one or more carbon atoms, and may be a linear group (e.g., a linear alkyl group) or a branched group (e.g., t-butyl group, etc.). (branched alkyl group) or a cyclic group.
- the above organic group may or may not have a substituent.
- the above organic group may or may not have a hetero atom (oxygen atom, sulfur atom, and/or nitrogen atom, etc.).
- R 3 is preferably an organic group having a cyclic structure.
- the above-mentioned cyclic structure may be monocyclic or polycyclic, and may have a substituent.
- the ring in the organic group containing a cyclic structure is preferably directly bonded to L in formula (AN1).
- the organic group having a cyclic structure may or may not have a hetero atom (oxygen atom, sulfur atom, and/or nitrogen atom, etc.), for example. Heteroatoms may be substituted for one or more of the carbon atoms forming the cyclic structure.
- the organic group having a cyclic structure is preferably, for example, a hydrocarbon group having a cyclic structure, a lactone ring group, or a sultone ring group.
- the organic group having a cyclic structure is preferably a hydrocarbon group having a cyclic structure.
- the hydrocarbon group having a cyclic structure is preferably a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl group. These groups may have a substituent.
- the above cycloalkyl group may be monocyclic (such as a cyclohexyl group) or polycyclic (such as an adamantyl group), and preferably has 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- lactone group and sultone group examples include structures represented by the above-mentioned formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-21) and structures represented by the formulas (SL1-1) to (SL1-3). In either of these, a group formed by removing one hydrogen atom from the ring atoms constituting the lactone structure or sultone structure is preferable.
- the non-nucleophilic anion may be a benzenesulfonic acid anion, and is preferably a benzenesulfonic acid anion substituted with a branched alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group.
- an anion represented by the following formula (AN2) is also preferable.
- o represents an integer from 1 to 3.
- p represents an integer from 0 to 10.
- q represents an integer from 0 to 10.
- Xf represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group substituted with at least one fluorine atom, or an organic group having no fluorine atom.
- the number of carbon atoms in this alkyl group is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 4.
- the alkyl group substituted with at least one fluorine atom is preferably a perfluoroalkyl group.
- Xf is preferably a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a fluorine atom or CF 3 , and even more preferably both Xfs are fluorine atoms.
- R 4 and R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, or an alkyl group substituted with at least one fluorine atom. When a plurality of R 4 and R 5 exist, each of R 4 and R 5 may be the same or different.
- the alkyl group represented by R 4 and R 5 preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The above alkyl group may have a substituent.
- R 4 and R 5 are preferably hydrogen atoms.
- L represents a divalent linking group.
- the definition of L is synonymous with L in formula (AN1).
- W represents an organic group containing a cyclic structure.
- a cyclic organic group is preferred.
- the cyclic organic group include an alicyclic group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group.
- the alicyclic group may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- the monocyclic alicyclic group include monocyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- polycyclic alicyclic group examples include polycyclic cycloalkyl groups such as norbornyl group, tricyclodecanyl group, tetracyclodecanyl group, tetracyclododecanyl group, and adamantyl group.
- polycyclic cycloalkyl groups such as norbornyl group, tricyclodecanyl group, tetracyclodecanyl group, tetracyclododecanyl group, and adamantyl group.
- alicyclic groups having a bulky structure having 7 or more carbon atoms such as a norbornyl group, a tricyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, and an adamantyl group, are preferable.
- Aryl groups may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- the aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthryl group, and an anthryl group.
- the heterocyclic group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. Among these, when it is a polycyclic heterocyclic group, acid diffusion can be further suppressed.
- the heterocyclic group may or may not have aromaticity. Examples of the aromatic heterocycle include a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzothiophene ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, and a pyridine ring.
- non-aromatic heterocycle examples include a tetrahydropyran ring, a lactone ring, a sultone ring, and a decahydroisoquinoline ring.
- the heterocycle in the heterocyclic group is preferably a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, or a decahydroisoquinoline ring.
- the above cyclic organic group may have a substituent.
- substituents include alkyl groups (which may be linear or branched, preferably having 1 to 12 carbon atoms), cycloalkyl groups (monocyclic, polycyclic, and spirocyclic). any of them may be used, preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms), aryl group (preferably 6 to 14 carbon atoms), hydroxyl group, alkoxy group, ester group, amide group, urethane group, ureido group, thioether group, sulfonamide group, and a sulfonic acid ester group.
- the carbon constituting the cyclic organic group may be carbonyl carbon.
- Examples of anions represented by formula (AN2) include SO 3 - -CF 2 -CH 2 -OCO-(L) q' -W, SO 3 - -CF 2 -CHF-CH 2 -OCO-(L) q ' -W, SO 3 - -CF 2 -COO- (L) q' -W, SO 3 - -CF 2 -CF 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 - (L) q -W, or SO 3 - - CF 2 -CH(CF 3 )-OCO-(L) q' -W is preferred.
- L, q and W are the same as in formula (AN2).
- q' represents an integer from 0 to 10.
- an aromatic sulfonic acid anion represented by the following formula (AN3) is also preferable.
- Ar represents an aryl group (such as a phenyl group), and may further have a sulfonic acid anion and a substituent other than the -(DB) group.
- substituents include a fluorine atom and a hydroxyl group.
- n represents an integer of 0 or more. n is preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 2 to 3, and even more preferably 3.
- D represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group include an ether group, a thioether group, a carbonyl group, a sulfoxide group, a sulfone group, a sulfonic acid ester group, an ester group, and a group consisting of a combination of two or more thereof.
- B represents a hydrocarbon group.
- B is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, more preferably an isopropyl group, a cyclohexyl group, or an aryl group that may further have a substituent (such as a tricyclohexylphenyl group).
- a disulfonamide anion is also preferred.
- the disulfonamide anion is, for example, an anion represented by N - (SO 2 -R q ) 2 .
- R q represents an alkyl group that may have a substituent, preferably a fluoroalkyl group, and more preferably a perfluoroalkyl group.
- Two R q may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the group formed by bonding two R q's to each other is preferably an alkylene group which may have a substituent, preferably a fluoroalkylene group, and more preferably a perfluoroalkylene group.
- the alkylene group preferably has 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- non-nucleophilic anions include anions represented by the following formulas (d1-1) to (d1-4).
- R 51 represents a hydrocarbon group (eg, an aryl group such as a phenyl group) which may have a substituent (eg, a hydroxyl group).
- Z 2c represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may have a substituent (however, the carbon atom adjacent to S is not substituted with a fluorine atom).
- the hydrocarbon group in Z 2c may be linear or branched, or may have a cyclic structure.
- a carbon atom in the hydrocarbon group (preferably a carbon atom that is a ring member atom when the hydrocarbon group has a cyclic structure) may be a carbonyl carbon (-CO-).
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group include a group having a norbornyl group which may have a substituent.
- the carbon atom forming the norbornyl group may be a carbonyl carbon.
- Z 2c —SO 3 ⁇ in formula (d1-2) is preferably different from the anions represented by formulas (AN1) to (AN3) above.
- Z 2c is preferably other than an aryl group.
- atoms at the ⁇ -position and ⁇ -position with respect to -SO 3 - are preferably atoms other than carbon atoms having a fluorine atom as a substituent.
- the atom at the ⁇ -position and/or the atom at the ⁇ -position with respect to -SO 3 - is preferably a ring member atom in a cyclic group.
- R 52 represents an organic group (preferably a hydrocarbon group having a fluorine atom), and Y 3 is a linear, branched, or cyclic alkylene group, arylene group, or It represents a carbonyl group, and Rf represents a hydrocarbon group.
- R 53 and R 54 each independently represent an organic group (preferably a hydrocarbon group having a fluorine atom). R 53 and R 54 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the organic anions may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the composition of the present invention preferably contains a salt (C) having a group that decomposes under the action of an acid, and as a photoacid generator, it is represented by the following general formula (c1). It is more preferable to contain a compound.
- L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- A represents a group that decomposes under the action of an acid.
- nc represents an integer from 1 to 5.
- Xc represents a (nc+1)-valent linking group.
- Mc + represents a sulfonium ion or an iodonium ion.
- L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group represented by L includes -CO-, -O-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, hydrocarbon groups (for example, alkylene group, cycloalkylene group, alkenylene group, and arylene group, etc.), and a linking group in which a plurality of these are linked.
- L is preferably an alkylene group, an arylene group, an -arylene group, an alkylene group having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, a -COO-Rt- group, or an -O-Rt- group.
- Rt represents an alkylene group or a cycloalkylene group.
- a phenylene group is preferred.
- the alkylene group may be linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 1 to 10, more preferably from 1 to 3.
- the total number of fluorine atoms and iodine atoms contained in the alkylene group having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 2 to 10, and even more preferably 3 to 6.
- Rt is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, more preferably a -CH 2 - group, a -(CH 2 ) 2 - group, or a -(CH 2 ) 3 - group.
- L is particularly preferably an arylene group, alkylene, or a single bond, and most preferably a phenylene group or a single bond.
- A represents a group that decomposes under the action of an acid.
- the group that decomposes under the action of an acid preferably has a structure in which a polar group is protected with a group that leaves under the action of an acid (leaving group).
- Examples of the polar group include the polar groups described in the repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group of the resin (A) above, and among them, a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a fluorinated alcohol group (preferably a hexafluoroisopropanol group) ), or a sulfonic acid group is preferable, and a carboxyl group or a phenolic hydroxyl group is more preferable.
- Examples of groups that are eliminated by the action of acids include groups represented by formulas (Y1) to (Y4) described in the resin (A) above.
- nc represents an integer from 1 to 5. nc is preferably an integer of 1 to 3.
- Xc represents a (nc+1)-valent linking group.
- Xc is preferably an aromatic ring group, more preferably an aromatic ring group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and even more preferably a benzene ring group.
- Mc + represents a sulfonium ion or an iodonium ion.
- the sulfonium ion and iodonium ion include the cation represented by the above-mentioned formula (ZaI) and the cation represented by the formula (ZaII).
- ZaI-1 the above-mentioned cation
- ZaI- 2 the above-mentioned cation
- ZaI-3b cation
- ZaI-4b cation
- the compound represented by the above general formula (c1) is more preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (c2).
- L, A, nc, and Mc + have the same meanings as L, A, nc, and Mc + in general formula (c1) above, and preferred examples are also the same.
- the photoacid generator is at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds (I) to (II).
- Compound (I) is a compound having one or more of the following structural moieties X and one or more of the following structural moieties Y, and the following first acidic acid derived from the following structural moiety This is a compound that generates an acid containing the following second acidic site derived from the structural site Y below.
- Structural moiety _ _ _ A structural site consisting of A 2 - and a cationic site M 2 + , and which forms a second acidic site represented by HA 2 upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation
- the above compound (I) satisfies the following condition I .
- a compound PI obtained by replacing the cation moiety M 1 + in the structural moiety X and the cation moiety M 2 + in the structural moiety Y with H + in the compound (I) is The acid dissociation constant a1 derived from the acidic site represented by HA 1 is obtained by replacing the cationic site M 1 + with H + , and the acid dissociation constant a1 derived from the acidic site represented by HA 1 is obtained by replacing the cationic site M 2 + in the structural site Y with H + It has an acid dissociation constant a2 derived from the acidic site represented by HA 2 , and the acid dissociation constant a2 is larger than the acid dissociation constant a1.
- compound (I) is, for example, an acid-generating compound having one of the first acidic sites derived from the structural site X and one of the second acidic sites derived from the structural site Y.
- compound PI corresponds to "a compound having HA 1 and HA 2 ".
- the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 of the compound PI are defined as, when the acid dissociation constant of the compound PI is determined, the compound PI is a "compound having A 1 - and HA 2 ".
- compound (I) is, for example, an acid-generating compound having two of the first acidic sites derived from the structural site X and one of the second acidic sites derived from the structural site Y.
- compound PI corresponds to "a compound having two HA 1 and one HA 2 ".
- the acid dissociation constant when a compound having one HA 1 and one HA 2 becomes a compound having two A 1 - and one HA 2 corresponds to the acid dissociation constant a1 described above. .
- the acid dissociation constant when "a compound having two A 1 - and one HA 2 " becomes "a compound having two A 1 - and A 2 - " corresponds to the acid dissociation constant a2.
- compound PI when it has a plurality of acid dissociation constants derived from the acidic site represented by HA 1 , which is obtained by replacing the cation site M 1 + in the structural site X with H + , it has a plurality of acid dissociation constants.
- the value of acid dissociation constant a2 is larger than the largest value of a1.
- the acid dissociation constant when compound PI becomes "a compound having one A 1 - , one HA 1 , and one HA 2 " is aa
- ab is the acid dissociation constant when a compound with one HA 2 becomes a compound with two A 1 - and one HA 2 , the relationship between aa and ab satisfies aa ⁇ ab. .
- the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 are determined by the acid dissociation constant measurement method described above.
- the above-mentioned compound PI corresponds to an acid generated when compound (I) is irradiated with actinic rays or radiation.
- the structural sites X may be the same or different.
- two or more of the above A 1 ⁇ and two or more of the above M 1 + may be the same or different.
- the above A 1 - and the above A 2 - , and the above M 1 + and the above M 2 + may be the same or different, but the above A 1 - and the above A 2 - are preferably different from each other.
- the difference (absolute value) between the acid dissociation constant a1 (the maximum value when there are multiple acid dissociation constants a1) and the acid dissociation constant a2 is preferably 0.1 or more, and 0.5 or more. More preferably, 1.0 or more is even more preferable.
- the upper limit of the difference (absolute value) between the acid dissociation constant a1 (the maximum value when there is a plurality of acid dissociation constants a1) and the acid dissociation constant a2 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 16 or less.
- the acid dissociation constant a2 is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 15 or less. Note that the lower limit of the acid dissociation constant a2 is preferably -4.0 or more.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 is preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably 0 or less. Note that the lower limit of the acid dissociation constant a1 is preferably -20.0 or more.
- the anionic moiety A 1 - and the anionic moiety A 2 - are structural moieties containing negatively charged atoms or atomic groups, for example, the formulas (AA-1) to (AA-3) and the formula (BB Examples include structural sites selected from the group consisting of -1) to (BB-6).
- the anion moiety A 1 - is preferably one that can form an acidic moiety with a small acid dissociation constant, and more preferably one of the formulas (AA-1) to (AA-3), and the formula ( More preferably, it is either AA-1) or (AA-3).
- the anionic moiety A 2 - is preferably one that can form an acidic moiety with a larger acid dissociation constant than the anionic moiety A 1 - , and should be one of formulas (BB-1) to (BB-6). is more preferred, and one of formulas (BB-1) and (BB-4) is even more preferred.
- * represents the bonding position.
- R A represents a monovalent organic group.
- the monovalent organic group represented by R A is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, and a methanesulfonyl group.
- the cationic site M 1 + and the cationic site M 2 + are structural sites containing positively charged atoms or atomic groups, such as monovalent organic cations.
- the organic cation includes, for example, the organic cation represented by M + described above.
- Compound (II) is a compound having two or more of the above structural moieties It is a compound that generates an acid containing two or more sites and the above structural site Z.
- Structural site Z nonionic site capable of neutralizing acids
- HA 1 is obtained by replacing the cationic site M 1 + in the structural site X with H + .
- the preferred range of the acid dissociation constant a1 derived from the acidic site represented by is the same as the acid dissociation constant a1 in the above compound PI.
- compound (II) is, for example, a compound that generates an acid having two of the first acidic sites derived from the structural site X and the structural site Z
- compound PII is a compound that generates an acid having two of the first acidic sites derived from the structural site X and the structural site Z.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 is determined by the acid dissociation constant measurement method described above.
- the above-mentioned compound PII corresponds to an acid generated when compound (II) is irradiated with actinic rays or radiation.
- the two or more structural sites X may be the same or different.
- the two or more A 1 ⁇ and the two or more M 1 + may be the same or different.
- the nonionic site that can neutralize the acid in the structural site Z is not particularly limited, and for example, it must be a site that contains a group that can electrostatically interact with protons or a functional group that has electrons. is preferred.
- the group capable of electrostatic interaction with protons or the functional group having electrons is a functional group having a macrocyclic structure such as a cyclic polyether, or a functional group having a lone pair of electrons that does not contribute to ⁇ conjugation. Examples include functional groups having a nitrogen atom.
- a nitrogen atom having a lone pair of electrons that does not contribute to ⁇ conjugation is, for example, a nitrogen atom having a partial structure shown in the following formula.
- Examples of partial structures of functional groups having groups or electrons that can electrostatically interact with protons include crown ether structures, aza crown ether structures, primary to tertiary amine structures, pyridine structures, imidazole structures, and pyrazine structures. Among these, primary to tertiary amine structures are preferred.
- photoacid generators are shown below, but the invention is not limited thereto.
- photoacid generator for example, compounds C-1 to C-5 used in Examples can be used.
- the content of the photoacid generator is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.5% by mass or more based on the total solid content of the composition of the present invention, since the cross-sectional shape of the formed pattern becomes more rectangular. More preferably, the content is 1.0% by mass or more. The content is preferably 50.0% by mass or less, more preferably 30.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 25.0% by mass or less, based on the total solid content of the composition of the present invention.
- the photoacid generators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the composition of the present invention may contain an acid diffusion control agent (D) that does not correspond to the above compound (B).
- the acid diffusion control agent traps the acid generated from the photoacid generator and the like during exposure, and acts as a quencher to suppress the reaction of the acid-decomposable resin in the unexposed area due to the excess generated acid.
- the type of acid diffusion control agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a basic compound (DA), a low molecular compound (DB) having a nitrogen atom and a group that is eliminated by the action of an acid, and actinic rays or radiation. Examples include compounds (DC) whose ability to control acid diffusion decreases or disappears when irradiated with.
- Compounds (DC) include onium salt compounds (DD) that are relatively weak acids with respect to photoacid generators, and basic compounds (DE) whose basicity decreases or disappears when irradiated with actinic rays or radiation. Can be mentioned.
- Specific examples of basic compounds (DA) include those described in paragraphs [0132] to [0136] of International Publication No. 2020/066824;
- Specific examples of basic compounds (DE) that disappear include those described in paragraphs [0137] to [0155] of International Publication No. 2020/066824, and those described in paragraph [0164] of International Publication No. 2020/066824.
- low-molecular compounds (DB) having a nitrogen atom and a group that is eliminated by the action of an acid include those described in paragraphs [0156] to [0163] of International Publication No. 2020/066824.
- onium salt compounds (DD) that are weak acids relative to photoacid generators include those described in paragraphs [0305] to [0314] of International Publication No. 2020/158337. .
- paragraphs [0627] to [0664] of US Patent Application Publication No. 2016/0070167A1 paragraphs [0095] to [0187] of US Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0004544A1
- US Patent Application Publication No. 2016/0237190A1 The known compounds disclosed in paragraphs [0403] to [0423] of No. 1, and paragraphs [0259] to [0328] of US Patent Application Publication No. 2016/0274458A1 can be suitably used as acid diffusion control agents.
- the content of the acid diffusion control agent (if there are multiple types, the total amount) is 0.1 with respect to the total solid content of the composition of the present invention. ⁇ 15.0% by mass is preferred, and 1.0 ⁇ 15.0% by mass is more preferred. In the composition of the present invention, one type of acid diffusion control agent may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the composition of the present invention may further contain a hydrophobic resin (also referred to as "hydrophobic resin (P)") different from resin (A).
- the hydrophobic resin (P) is preferably designed to be unevenly distributed on the surface of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film, but unlike a surfactant, it does not necessarily need to have a hydrophilic group in the molecule. It may not contribute to uniform mixing of polar and non-polar substances.
- the effects of adding the hydrophobic resin (P) include controlling the static and dynamic contact angle of the surface of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film with respect to water, and suppressing outgassing.
- the hydrophobic resin (P) preferably has one or more of a fluorine atom, a silicon atom, and a CH3 partial structure contained in the side chain portion of the resin, from the viewpoint of uneven distribution on the membrane surface layer. , it is more preferable to have two or more types.
- the hydrophobic resin preferably has a hydrocarbon group having 5 or more carbon atoms. These groups may be present in the main chain of the resin or may be substituted on the side chains. Examples of the hydrophobic resin (P) include compounds described in paragraphs [0275] to [0279] of International Publication No. 2020/004306.
- the content of the hydrophobic resin (P) is 0.01 to 20.0% by mass based on the total solid content of the composition of the present invention. Preferably, 0.1 to 15.0% by mass is more preferable.
- the composition of the invention may also contain a surfactant.
- a surfactant When a surfactant is included, a pattern with better adhesion and fewer development defects can be formed.
- the surfactant is preferably a fluorine-based and/or silicon-based surfactant. Examples of the fluorine-based and/or silicon-based surfactants include the surfactants disclosed in paragraphs [0218] and [0219] of International Publication No. 2018/193954.
- One type of surfactant may be used alone, or two or more types may be used.
- the content of the surfactant is preferably 0.0001 to 2.0% by mass, and 0.0005 to 2.0% by mass, based on the total solid content of the composition of the present invention. It is more preferably 1.0% by mass, and even more preferably 0.1 to 1.0% by mass.
- the composition of the present invention contains a solvent.
- the solvent consists of (M1) propylene glycol monoalkyl ether carboxylate, and (M2) propylene glycol monoalkyl ether, lactic acid ester, acetate ester, alkoxypropionic acid ester, chain ketone, cyclic ketone, lactone, and alkylene carbonate. It is preferable that at least one selected from the group is included. Note that the above solvent may further contain components other than components (M1) and (M2).
- the above-mentioned solvent and the above-mentioned resin are combined from the viewpoint of improving the coating properties of the composition of the present invention and reducing the number of pattern development defects. Since the above-mentioned solvent has a good balance between the solubility, boiling point, and viscosity of the above-mentioned resin, it is possible to suppress unevenness in the thickness of the resist film and the generation of precipitates during spin coating. Details of component (M1) and component (M2) are described in paragraphs [0218] to [0226] of International Publication No. 2020/004306, the contents of which are incorporated herein.
- the content of components other than components (M1) and (M2) is preferably 5 to 30% by mass based on the total amount of the solvent.
- the content of the solvent in the composition of the present invention is preferably determined so that the solid content concentration is 0.5 to 30% by mass, more preferably 1 to 20% by mass. In this way, the applicability of the composition of the present invention can be further improved.
- the composition of the present invention includes a dissolution inhibiting compound, a dye, a plasticizer, a photosensitizer, a light absorber, and/or a compound that promotes solubility in a developer (for example, a phenol compound having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, or It may further contain an alicyclic or aliphatic compound containing a carboxyl group.
- a dissolution inhibiting compound for example, a phenol compound having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, or It may further contain an alicyclic or aliphatic compound containing a carboxyl group.
- dissolution-inhibiting compound is a compound with a molecular weight of 3000 or less that decomposes under the action of an acid and reduces its solubility in an organic developer.
- composition of the present invention is suitably used as a photosensitive composition for EUV exposure.
- the invention also relates to actinic- or radiation-sensitive films formed with the compositions of the invention.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film of the present invention is preferably a resist film.
- the procedure of the pattern forming method using the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, it is preferable to include the following steps.
- Step 1 Step of forming an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film on a substrate using the composition of the present invention
- Step 2 Step of exposing the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film
- Step 3 Exposed light-sensitive film Step of developing a photosensitive or radiation-sensitive film using a developer The procedure of each of the above steps will be described in detail below.
- Step 1 Actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film formation step
- Step 1 is a step of forming an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film on a substrate using the composition of the present invention.
- Examples of the method for forming an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film on a substrate using the composition of the present invention include a method of coating the composition of the present invention on a substrate.
- the pore size of the filter is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 0.03 ⁇ m or less.
- the filter is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, or nylon.
- compositions of the present invention can be applied by any suitable application method, such as a spinner or coater, onto substrates (eg, silicon, silicon dioxide coated) such as those used in the manufacture of integrated circuit devices.
- the coating method is preferably spin coating using a spinner.
- the rotation speed during spin coating using a spinner is preferably 1000 to 3000 rpm (rotations per minute).
- the substrate may be dried to form an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film.
- various base films inorganic film, organic film, antireflection film
- drying method examples include a method of drying by heating. Heating can be carried out using a means provided in an ordinary exposure machine and/or developing machine, or may be carried out using a hot plate or the like.
- the heating temperature is preferably 80 to 150°C, more preferably 80 to 140°C, even more preferably 80 to 130°C.
- the heating time is preferably 30 to 1000 seconds, more preferably 60 to 800 seconds, even more preferably 60 to 600 seconds.
- the thickness of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 120 nm from the viewpoint of forming fine patterns with higher precision.
- the thickness of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film is more preferably 10 to 65 nm, and even more preferably 15 to 50 nm.
- the thickness of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film is more preferably 10 to 120 nm, and even more preferably 15 to 90 nm.
- a top coat may be formed on the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film using a top coat composition.
- the top coat composition does not mix with the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film and can be uniformly applied to the upper layer of the resist film.
- the top coat is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known top coat can be formed by a conventionally known method. Can be formed.
- Specific examples of basic compounds that may be included in the top coat include basic compounds that may be included in the composition of the present invention.
- the top coat contains a compound containing at least one group or bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, a thioether bond, a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, a carbonyl bond, and an ester bond.
- Step 2 is a step of exposing the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film.
- the exposure method include a method of irradiating the formed actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film with actinic rays or radiation through a predetermined mask.
- active light or radiation include infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, far ultraviolet light, extreme ultraviolet light, X-rays, and electron beams, preferably 250 nm or less, more preferably 220 nm or less, and 1 to 200 nm.
- Deep ultraviolet light of wavelengths specifically KrF excimer laser (248 nm), ArF excimer laser (193 nm), F 2 excimer laser (157 nm), EUV (13.5 nm), X-rays, and electron beams.
- the heating temperature is preferably 80 to 150°C, more preferably 80 to 140°C, even more preferably 80 to 130°C.
- the heating time is preferably 10 to 1000 seconds, more preferably 10 to 180 seconds, and even more preferably 30 to 120 seconds. Heating can be carried out using means provided in a normal exposure machine and/or developing machine, and may be carried out using a hot plate or the like. This step is also called post-exposure bake.
- Step 3 is a step of developing the exposed actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film using a developer to form a pattern.
- the developer may be an alkaline developer or a developer containing an organic solvent (hereinafter also referred to as an organic developer).
- Development methods include, for example, a method in which the substrate is immersed in a tank filled with a developer for a certain period of time (dip method), a method in which the developer is raised on the surface of the substrate by surface tension and left to stand for a certain period of time (paddle method). method), a method in which the developer is sprayed onto the surface of the substrate (spray method), and a method in which the developer is continuously discharged while scanning a developer discharge nozzle at a constant speed onto a rotating substrate (dynamic dispensing method). ). Furthermore, after the step of developing, a step of stopping the development may be carried out while substituting another solvent.
- the development time is not particularly limited as long as the resin in the unexposed areas is sufficiently dissolved, and is preferably 10 to 300 seconds, more preferably 20 to 120 seconds.
- the temperature of the developer is preferably 0 to 50°C, more preferably 15 to 35°C.
- alkaline developer it is preferable to use an alkaline aqueous solution containing an alkali.
- the type of alkaline aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but examples include quaternary ammonium salts represented by tetramethylammonium hydroxide, inorganic alkalis, primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, alcohol amines, or cyclic amines. Examples include alkaline aqueous solutions containing.
- the alkaline developer is preferably an aqueous solution of a quaternary ammonium salt typified by tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH). Appropriate amounts of alcohols, surfactants, etc. may be added to the alkaline developer.
- the alkaline concentration of the alkaline developer is usually preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass.
- the pH of the alkaline developer is usually preferably 10.0 to 15.0.
- the organic developer is a developer containing at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents, ether solvents, and hydrocarbon solvents. It is preferable that there be.
- a plurality of the above-mentioned solvents may be mixed together, or may be mixed with a solvent other than the above-mentioned ones or water.
- the water content of the developer as a whole is preferably less than 50% by mass, more preferably less than 20% by mass, even more preferably less than 10% by mass, and particularly preferably substantially free of water.
- the content of the organic solvent in the organic developer is preferably 50% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, and 90% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the developer. The following is more preferable, and 95% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less is particularly preferable.
- the pattern forming method includes a step of cleaning using a rinsing liquid after step 3.
- Examples of the rinsing solution used in the rinsing step after the step of developing using an alkaline developer include pure water. Note that an appropriate amount of a surfactant may be added to the pure water. An appropriate amount of surfactant may be added to the rinse solution.
- the rinsing solution used in the rinsing step after the development step using an organic developer is not particularly limited as long as it does not dissolve the pattern, and solutions containing common organic solvents can be used.
- the rinsing liquid should contain at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon solvents, ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents, and ether solvents. is preferred.
- the method of the rinsing process is not particularly limited, and examples include a method in which the rinsing liquid is continuously discharged onto the substrate rotating at a constant speed (rotary coating method), and a method in which the substrate is immersed in a tank filled with the rinsing liquid for a certain period of time. (dip method) and a method of spraying a rinsing liquid onto the substrate surface (spray method).
- the pattern forming method may include a heating step (Post Bake) after the rinsing step. In this step, the developer and rinse solution remaining between patterns and inside the patterns due to baking are removed. This step also has the effect of smoothing the resist pattern and improving surface roughness of the pattern.
- the heating step after the rinsing step is usually carried out at 40 to 250°C (preferably 90 to 200°C) for 10 seconds to 3 minutes (preferably 30 seconds to 120 seconds).
- the substrate may be etched using the formed pattern as a mask. That is, the pattern formed in step 3 may be used as a mask to process the substrate (or the lower film and the substrate) to form a pattern on the substrate.
- the method of processing the substrate (or the lower layer film and the substrate) is not particularly limited, but by performing dry etching on the substrate (or the lower layer film and the substrate) using the pattern formed in step 3 as a mask, the substrate is processed.
- a method of forming a pattern is preferred.
- the dry etching is preferably oxygen plasma etching.
- the composition of the present invention and various materials used in the pattern forming method do not contain impurities such as metals. It is preferable not to include it.
- the content of impurities contained in these materials is preferably 1 mass ppm (parts per million) or less, more preferably 10 mass ppb (parts per billion) or less, still more preferably 100 mass ppt or less, and particularly 10 mass ppt or less. Preferably, 1 mass ppt or less is most preferable.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, and is preferably 0 mass ppt or more.
- examples of metal impurities include Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mg, Al, Li, Cr, Ni, Sn, Ag, As, Au, Ba, Cd, Co, Pb, Ti, V, Examples include W and Zn.
- Examples of methods for removing impurities such as metals from various materials include filtration using a filter. Details of filtration using a filter are described in paragraph [0321] of International Publication No. 2020/004306.
- Methods for reducing impurities such as metals contained in various materials include, for example, methods of selecting raw materials with low metal content as raw materials constituting various materials, and methods of filtering raw materials constituting various materials. and a method in which distillation is carried out under conditions where contamination is suppressed as much as possible by lining the inside of the apparatus with Teflon (registered trademark).
- impurities may be removed using an adsorbent, or a combination of filter filtration and an adsorbent may be used.
- adsorbent known adsorbents can be used, such as inorganic adsorbents such as silica gel and zeolite, and organic adsorbents such as activated carbon.
- inorganic adsorbents such as silica gel and zeolite
- organic adsorbents such as activated carbon.
- the content of metal components contained in the cleaning solution after use is preferably 100 parts per trillion or less, more preferably 10 parts per trillion or less, and even more preferably 1 parts per trillion or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, and is preferably 0 mass ppt or more.
- Organic processing liquids such as rinsing liquids contain conductive compounds to prevent damage to chemical piping and various parts (filters, O-rings, tubes, etc.) due to static electricity charging and subsequent electrostatic discharge. may be added.
- the conductive compound is not particularly limited, and for example, methanol may be mentioned.
- the amount added is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less in terms of maintaining favorable development characteristics or rinsing characteristics.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, and is preferably 0.01% by mass or more.
- Examples of chemical liquid piping include SUS (stainless steel), polyethylene or polypropylene treated with antistatic treatment, or various types of piping coated with fluororesin (polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, etc.). can be used.
- SUS stainless steel
- polyethylene or polypropylene treated with antistatic treatment or various types of piping coated with fluororesin (polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, etc.).
- fluororesin polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, etc.
- filter and O-ring antistatically treated polyethylene, polypropylene, or fluororesin (polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, etc.) can be used.
- the present specification also relates to an electronic device manufacturing method including the above-described pattern forming method, and an electronic device manufactured by this manufacturing method.
- Preferred embodiments of the electronic device of this specification include embodiments in which it is installed in electrical and electronic equipment (home appliances, office automation (OA), media-related equipment, optical equipment, communication equipment, etc.).
- A-1 to A-17 were used as the resin (A).
- the structures of A-1 to A-17 are shown below.
- the content ratio of the following repeating units is a molar ratio.
- resin A-1 A synthesis example of resin A-1 is shown below. Other resins (A) were also synthesized in the same manner.
- Cyclohexanone (59 g) was heated to 85°C under a nitrogen stream. While stirring, add AS-1 (63.3 g), 4-vinylphenol (27.0 g), cyclohexanone (109.3 g), and dimethyl 2,2'-azobisisobutyrate [V-601, Fujifilm [manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.] (7.14 g) was added dropwise over 3 hours to obtain a reaction solution. After the dropwise addition was completed, the reaction solution was further stirred at 85° C. for 3 hours.
- C-1 to C-5 were used as photoacid generators.
- the structures of C-1 to C-5 are shown below.
- D-1 to D-7 were used as acid diffusion control agents.
- W-1 Megafac F176 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Co., Ltd.; fluorine-based)
- W-2 Megafac R08 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co., Ltd.; fluorine and silicone-based)
- W-3 Polysiloxane polymer KP-341 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.; silicone-based)
- W-4 Troysol S-366 (manufactured by Troy Chemical Co., Ltd.; fluorine-based)
- W-5 KH-20 (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.)
- W-6 PolyFox PF-6320 (manufactured by OMNOVA Solutions Inc.; fluorine-based)
- SL-1 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA)
- SL-2 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether propionate
- SL-3 2-heptanone
- SL-4 Ethyl lactate
- SL-5 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME)
- SL-6 Cyclohexanone
- SL-7 ⁇ -butyrolactone
- SL-8 Propylene carbonate
- A-2/A-14 indicates that two types of resin (A), A-2 and A-14, were used, and "5/5" indicates that A-2 and A-14 were used as the resin (A). 2 and A-14 were used in an amount of 5 g each.
- ⁇ Coating of resist composition The prepared resist composition was applied onto a 6-inch Si (silicon) wafer that had been previously treated with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) using a spin coater Mark 8 manufactured by Tokyo Electron, and dried on a hot plate at 130° C. for 300 seconds. As a result, a resist film having a thickness of 100 nm was obtained. Here, 1 inch is 0.0254 m. Note that similar results can be obtained even if the Si wafer is replaced with a chromium substrate.
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
- ⁇ Pattern formation method (1) EB exposure, alkaline development (positive)>
- the wafer coated with the resist film obtained above was subjected to pattern irradiation using an electron beam drawing device (manufactured by Advantest Corporation; F7000S, acceleration voltage 50 keV). At this time, drawing was performed so that a 1:1 line and space was formed.
- electron beam drawing it was heated on a hot plate at 100°C for 60 seconds, immersed in a 2.38% by mass tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous solution for 60 seconds, rinsed with water for 30 seconds, and dried. . Thereafter, the wafer was rotated at a rotation speed of 4000 rpm for 30 seconds, and then baked at 95° C. for 60 seconds to dry it.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- LWR performance refers to the ability to reduce the LWR of a pattern.
- a 1:1 line-and-space pattern with a line width of 50 nm is drawn with an electron beam on a 10 ⁇ m square area 1 in FIG.
- the sensitivity at which one line and space was formed was designated as D.
- a 1:1 line-and-space pattern with a line width of 50 nm was drawn with an electron beam on a 10 ⁇ m square region 2 in FIG.
- the sensitivity at which a 1:1 line and space with a line width of 50 nm is formed in region 2 after heating on a hot plate for 60 seconds and developing is defined as B.
- the sensitivity ratio D/B was used as an evaluation index of density dependence. The smaller the value of D/B, the less the density dependence, and the better the performance.
- ⁇ Sensitivity> The cross-sectional shape of the obtained pattern was observed using a scanning electron microscope (S-9380II manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.).
- ⁇ LWR performance> A length-measuring scanning electron microscope (SEM (S-9380II manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.)) was used to measure the 50 nm (1:1) line-and-space pattern resolved at the exposure dose that shows the sensitivity (Eop) above. Observation was made from the top of the pattern.
- the line width of the pattern was observed at arbitrary points, and its standard deviation ( ⁇ ) was determined. Measurement variations in line width were evaluated using 3 ⁇ , and the value of 3 ⁇ was defined as LWR (nm). The smaller the LWR value, the better the LWR performance.
- ⁇ Development defects> A 1:1 line and space pattern with a line width of 50 nm formed at the above sensitivity (Eop) was measured using a defect inspection system KLA2360 manufactured by KLA Tencor, and the pixel size of the defect inspection system was set to 0.16 ⁇ m. The threshold value was set to 20, measurement was performed in random mode, development defects extracted from the difference caused by overlapping the comparison image and pixel by pixel were detected, and the number of development defects per unit area (1 cm 2 ) was calculated. .
- Table 2 below shows the resist compositions used and the results.
- the present invention provides an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition that exhibits excellent density dependence in the formation of ultra-fine patterns (for example, line-and-space patterns with line widths of 50 nm or less, hole patterns with pore diameters of 50 nm or less, etc.). can do. Further, the present invention can provide an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film, a pattern forming method, and an electronic device manufacturing method using the above-mentioned actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition.
- ultra-fine patterns for example, line-and-space patterns with line widths of 50 nm or less, hole patterns with pore diameters of 50 nm or less, etc.
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Abstract
Description
具体的には、疎密依存性とは、あるパターン(例えば、線幅50nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースパターン)を形成する際に、そのパターンを形成する領域の周囲の露光量が少ない場合(疎な場合)の感度Dと、そのパターンを形成する領域の周囲の露光量が多い場合(密な場合)の感度Bとに差が生じる性質のことを指す。疎密依存性に劣るとは、上記感度の比であるD/Bが大きい(例えば、D/Bが2.05以上である)ことを指し、疎密依存性に優れるとは、D/Bが小さい(例えば、D/Bが2.05未満である)ことを指す。
酸の作用により極性が増大する樹脂(A)および、下記一般式(B-1)で表される化合物(B)を含有する感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
Xは炭素数4~20の不飽和結合を有する環式基を表す。
複数のRb1はそれぞれ独立して、-OH、-ORb3、-NRb4Rb5、-SH、又は-SRb6を表す。ただし、少なくとも1つのRb1は不飽和結合を形成する炭素原子に結合した-OH、-NHRb4’、又は-SHを表す。Rb3はアルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、アシルオキシ基、又はこれらの組み合わせからなる基を表す。Rb4、Rb5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、-CHO、又は互いに結合し含窒素複素環を形成する基を表す。Rb4’は、水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、又は-CHOを表す。
Rb6はアルキル基、アリール基、又はアシル基を表す。複数のRb1は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
Rb2は置換基を表す。Rb2が複数存在するとき、複数のRb2は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、複数のRb2は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。Rb1と、Rb2は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
mは0~6の整数を表し、nは2~4の整数を表す。
上記一般式(B-1)で表される化合物は、ハロゲン原子を有さない。
上記樹脂(A)が下記一般式(A-3)で表される繰り返し単位を有する1に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
R101、R102及びR103はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、又はアルキルオキシカルボニル基を表す。ただし、R102はArAと結合して環を形成していてもよく、その場合のR102は単結合又はアルキレン基を表す。
LAは単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。
ArAは芳香環基を表す。
kは1~5の整数を表す。
上記樹脂(A)が下記一般式(A-1)又は(A-2)で表される繰り返し単位を有する
[1]又は[2]に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
Ra1~Ra3は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、又はアルコキシカルボニル基を表す。
La1は、芳香族基を有する2価の連結基を表す。
Ra4~Ra6は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、芳香族複素環式基、アラルキル基、又はアルケニル基を表す。なお、Ra4~Ra6のうち2つが互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
一般式(A-2)中、
Ra7~Ra9は、各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、又はアルコキシカルボニル基を表す。
La2は、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。
Araは、芳香環基を表す。
Ra10~Ra12は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、芳香族複素環式基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、又はアルケニル基を表す。
なお、Ra10~Ra12は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
また、Ra9~Ra12は、Araと結合してもよい。
上記一般式(B-1)において、Xが芳香族性を有する基である[1]~[3]のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
上記一般式(B-1)において、Rb1のうち少なくとも一つが不飽和結合を形成する炭素原子に結合した-OHである、[1]~[4]のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
さらに、酸の作用により分解する基を有する塩(C)を含有する[1]~[5]のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
上記塩(C)が、下記一般式(c1)で表される化合物である、[6]に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
Lは単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。Lが複数存在するとき、複数のLは同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
Aは酸の作用により分解する基を表す。Aが複数存在するとき、複数のAは同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
ncは1から5の整数を表す。
Xcは(nc+1)価の連結基を表す。
Mc+はスルホニウムイオン又はヨードニウムイオンを表す。
上記塩(C)が下記一般式(c2)で表される化合物である、[6]又は[7]に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
Lは単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。Lが複数存在するとき、複数のLは同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
Aは酸の作用により分解する基を表す。Aが複数存在するとき、複数のAは同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
ncは1から5の整数を表す。
Mc+はスルホニウムイオン又はヨードニウムイオンを表す。
[1]~[8]のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物により形成された感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜。
[1]~[8]のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物により感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を形成する感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜形成工程と、上記感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を露光する露光工程と、露光された上記感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を現像液を用いて現像する現像工程とを含むパターン形成方法。
[11]
[10]に記載のパターン形成方法を含む電子デバイスの製造方法。
また、本発明により、上記感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いた感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜、パターン形成方法、及び電子デバイスの製造方法を提供することができる。
以下に記載する構成要件の説明は、本発明の代表的な実施態様に基づいてなされることがあるが、本発明はそのような実施態様に限定されない。
本明細書において、「光」とは、活性光線又は放射線を意味する。
本明細書において、「露光」とは、特に断らない限り、水銀灯の輝線スペクトル、エキシマレーザーに代表される遠紫外線、極紫外線、X線、及びEUV等による露光のみならず、電子線、及びイオンビーム等の粒子線による描画も含む。
本明細書において、「~」とはその前後に記載される数値を下限値及び上限値として含む意味で使用される。
置換基としては、特に断らない限り、1価の置換基が好ましい。置換基の例としては水素原子を除く1価の非金属原子団を挙げることができ、例えば、以下の置換基Tから選択できる。
置換基Tとしては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子及びヨウ素原子等のハロゲン原子;メトキシ基、エトキシ基及びtert-ブトキシ基等のアルコキシ基;シクロアルキルオキシ基;フェノキシ基及びp-トリルオキシ基等のアリールオキシ基;メトキシカルボニル基及びブトキシカルボニル基等のアルコキシカルボニル基;シクロアルキルオキシカルボニル基;フェノキシカルボニル基等のアリールオキシカルボニル基;アセトキシ基、プロピオニルオキシ基及びベンゾイルオキシ基等のアシルオキシ基;アセチル基、ベンゾイル基、イソブチリル基、アクリロイル基、メタクリロイル基及びメトキサリル基等のアシル基;スルファニル基;メチルスルファニル基及びtert-ブチルスルファニル基等のアルキルスルファニル基;フェニルスルファニル基及びp-トリルスルファニル基等のアリールスルファニル基;アルキル基;アルケニル基;シクロアルキル基;アリール基;芳香族複素環式基;ヒドロキシ基;カルボキシル基;ホルミル基;スルホ基;シアノ基;アルキルアミノカルボニル基;アリールアミノカルボニル基;スルホンアミド基;シリル基;アミノ基;カルバモイル基;等が挙げられる。また、これらの置換基が更に1個以上の置換基を有することができる場合は、その更なる置換基として上記した置換基から選択した置換基を1個以上有する基(例えば、モノアルキルアミノ基、ジアルキルアミノ基、アリールアミノ基、トリフルオロメチル基など)も置換基Tの例に含まれる。
ソフトウェアパッケージ1: Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software V8.14 for Solaris (1994-2007 ACD/Labs)。
本明細書において、pKaは、上述した通り「水溶液中でのpKa」を指すが、水溶液中でのpKaが算出できない場合には、「ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)溶液中でのpKa」を採用するものとする。
本発明の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物(「本発明の組成物」ともいう。)は、少なくとも、酸の作用により極性が増大する樹脂(A)および、下記一般式(B-1)で表される化合物(B)を含有する、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物である。
Xは炭素数4~20の不飽和結合を有する環式基を表す。
複数のRb1はそれぞれ独立して、-OH、-ORb3、-NRb4Rb5、-SH、又は-SRb6を表す。ただし、少なくとも1つのRb1は不飽和結合を形成する炭素原子に結合した-OH、-NHRb4’、又は-SHを表す。Rb3はアルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、アシルオキシ基、又はこれらの組み合わせからなる基を表す。Rb4、Rb5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、-CHO、又は互いに結合し含窒素複素環を形成する基を表す。Rb4’は、水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、又は-CHOを表す。Rb6はアルキル基、アリール基、又はアシル基を表す。複数のRb1は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
Rb2は置換基を表す。Rb2が複数存在するとき、複数のRb2は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、複数のRb2は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。Rb1とRb2は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
mは0~6の整数を表し、nは2~4の整数を表す。
上記一般式(B-1)で表される化合物は、ハロゲン原子を有さない。
本発明の組成物に含まれる化合物(B)は、不飽和結合を有する環式基を有する。さらに、上記環式基には少なくとも2つの特定の電子供与性基が置換しており、そのうちの少なくとも1つは、不飽和結合を形成する炭素原子に結合した-OH、-NHRb3、-SHといった強い電子供与性を有する基である。そのため、化合物(B)が有する環式基は電子リッチとなり、EUVやEBといった活性光線又は放射線の照射により二次電子が放出しやすく、これを含む組成物により得られるパターンは、パターンの疎密に拠らず、所望のパターンが得られやすくなるものと推定している。
また、本発明の組成物に含まれる化合物(B)は、ハロゲン原子を有していない。
そのため、ハロゲン原子による環式基からの電子求引による二次電子放出量の低下や、二次電子とハロゲン原子との反応による副反応等が起こらない点も所望のパターン形成に寄与していると考えている。
このように、本発明の組成物によれば、極微細(例えば、線幅50nm以下のラインアンドスペースパターンや孔径50nm以下のホールパターン等)のパターン形成において、疎密依存性に優れるものと考えられる。
本発明の組成物は、化学増幅型のレジスト組成物であっても、非化学増幅型のレジスト組成物であってもよい。本発明の組成物は、典型的には、化学増幅型のレジスト組成物である。
本発明の組成物を用いて感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を形成することができる。本発明の組成物を用いて形成された感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜は、典型的にはレジスト膜である。
以下において、まず、本発明の組成物の各種成分について詳述する。
本発明の組成物は、上記一般式(B-1)で表される化合物(B)を含有する。なお、化合物(B)は、非イオン性化合物である。
環式基は、芳香族性を有していてもよいし、有していなくてもよい。
Rb3が表すアリール基としては、フェニル基、ナフチル基等の炭素数6~14のアリール基が挙げられる。
Rb3が表すアシル基としては、Rb3としての上述のアルキル基又はアリール基がカルボニル基に結合した基が挙げられる。
Rb3が表すアシルオキシ基としては、Rb3としての上述のアシル基がオキシ基に結合した基が挙げられる。
Rb4、Rb5は、互いに結合し含窒素複素環基を形成してもよい。Rb4、Rb5が結合して形成される含窒素複素環としては、単環であっても多環であってもよく、ピラゾール環、イミダゾール環、トリアゾール環、ベンゾトリアゾール環等が挙げられる。
Rb6が表すアルキル基、アリール基、及びアシル基としては、上述のRb3が表すアルキル基、アリール基、及びアシル基が挙げられる。
また、Rb1のうち少なくとも1つが不飽和結合を形成する炭素原子に結合した-OHであることが好ましく、2つ以上が不飽和結合を形成する炭素原子に結合した-OHであることがより好ましく、2つ又は3つのRb1が不飽和結合を形成する炭素原子に結合した-OHであることがさらに好ましい。
Rb2が表す置換基としては、アルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アシル基、複素環基(但し、一般式(B-1)中のXとは複素環基中の炭素原子を介して結合する)、-COOH基、-SO3H基等が挙げられる。
Rb2が表すアルケニル基としては、例えば、ビニル基、2-プロぺニル基等の炭素数2~12のアルケニル基が挙げられる。
Rb2が表すシクロアルキル基としては、例えば、シクロプロピル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等の炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル基が挙げられる。
Rb2が表すアリール基としては、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基等の炭素数6~14のアリール基が挙げられる。
Rb2が表すアルコキシカルボニル基中のアルキル基としては、Rb2としての上述のアルキル基が挙げられる。
Rb2が表すアシル基としては、Rb2としての上述のアルキル基又はアリール基がカルボニル基に結合した基が挙げられる。
Rb2が表す複素環基における複素環としては、炭素数3~14の複素環が挙げられ、例えば、フラン環、チオフェン環、ベンゾフラン環、ベンゾチオフェン環等の芳香族複素環や、テトラヒドロピラン環等の非芳香族複素環が挙げられる。
複数のRb1が結合して形成される環や、Rb1とRb2が結合して形成される環としては特に限定されないが、例えば、5又は6員環を含む単環又は多環が挙げられる。
一般式(B-1)中、nは2~4の整数を表す。nは2又は3が好ましい。
複数のRb1bはそれぞれ独立して、-OH、-ORb3、-NRb4Rb5、-SH、又は-SRb6を表す。ただし、少なくとも1つのRb1bは-OHを表す。Rb3はアルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、アシルオキシ基、又はこれらの組み合わせからなる基を表す。Rb4、Rb5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、-CHO、又は互いに結合し含窒素複素環を形成する基を表す。Rb6はアルキル基、アリール基、又はアシル基を表す。複数のRb1bは、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
Rb2は置換基を表す。Rb2が複数存在するとき、複数のRb2は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、複数のRb2は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。Rb1bと、Rb2は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
mは0~6の整数を表し、nは2~4の整数を表す。
pは、0又は1を表す。
このように上記化合物がハロゲン原子を有さないことで、ハロゲン原子による環式基からの電子求引による二次電子放出量の低下や、二次電子とハロゲン原子との反応による副反応等が起こらない。
具体的には、上記一般式(B-1)における各基がハロゲン原子を有さない。
本発明の組成物は、酸の作用により極性が増大する樹脂(以下、「樹脂(A)」ともいう。)を含む。
樹脂(A)は、通常、酸の作用により分解し極性が増大する基(以下「酸分解性基」ともいう。)を含み、酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位を含むことが好ましい。
樹脂(A)が酸分解性基を有する場合、本明細書におけるパターン形成方法において、典型的には、現像液としてアルカリ現像液を採用した場合には、ポジ型パターンが好適に形成され、現像液として有機系現像液を採用した場合には、ネガ型パターンが好適に形成される。
酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位としては、後述する酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位以外に、不飽和結合を含む酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位が好ましい。
酸分解性基とは、酸の作用により分解して極性基を生じる基をいう。酸分解性基は、酸の作用により脱離する基(脱離基)で極性基が保護された構造を有することが好ましい。つまり、樹脂(A)は、酸の作用により分解し、極性基を生じる基を有する繰り返し単位を有する。この繰り返し単位を有する樹脂は、酸の作用により極性が増大してアルカリ現像液に対する溶解度が増大し、有機溶剤に対する溶解度が減少する。
極性基としては、アルカリ可溶性基が好ましく、例えば、カルボキシル基、フェノール性水酸基、フッ素化アルコール基、スルホン酸基、リン酸基、スルホンアミド基、スルホニルイミド基、(アルキルスルホニル)(アルキルカルボニル)メチレン基、(アルキルスルホニル)(アルキルカルボニル)イミド基、ビス(アルキルカルボニル)メチレン基、ビス(アルキルカルボニル)イミド基、ビス(アルキルスルホニル)メチレン基、ビス(アルキルスルホニル)イミド基、トリス(アルキルカルボニル)メチレン基、及び、トリス(アルキルスルホニル)メチレン基等の酸性基、並びに、アルコール性水酸基が挙げられる。
なかでも、極性基としては、カルボキシル基、フェノール性水酸基、フッ素化アルコール基(好ましくはヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基)、又は、スルホン酸基が好ましい。
式(Y1):-C(Rx1)(Rx2)(Rx3)
式(Y2):-C(=O)OC(Rx1)(Rx2)(Rx3)
式(Y3):-C(R36)(R37)(OR38)
式(Y4):-C(Rn)(H)(Ar)
なかでも、Rx1~Rx3は、それぞれ独立に、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基を表すことが好ましく、Rx1~Rx3は、それぞれ独立に、直鎖状のアルキル基を表すことがより好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して、単環又は多環を形成してもよい。
Rx1~Rx3のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、及び、t-ブチル基等の炭素数1~5のアルキル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3のシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、及び、シクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基、並びに、ノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及び、アダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3のアリール基としては、炭素数6~10のアリール基が好ましく、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基、及び、アントリル基が挙げられる。
Rx1~Rx3のアルケニル基としては、ビニル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成される環としては、シクロアルキル基が好ましい。Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、若しくは、シクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基、又は、ノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、若しくは、アダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましく、炭素数5~6の単環のシクロアルキル基がより好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基は、環を構成するメチレン基の1つが、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子、カルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を含む基、又は、ビニリデン基で置き換わっていてもよい。これらのシクロアルキル基は、シクロアルカン環を構成するエチレン基の1つ以上が、ビニレン基で置き換わっていてもよい。
式(Y1)又は式(Y2)で表される基は、例えば、Rx1がメチル基又はエチル基であり、Rx2とRx3とが結合して上述のシクロアルキル基を形成している態様が好ましい。
本発明の組成物が、例えば、EUV露光用感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物である場合、Rx1~Rx3で表されるアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基、及び、Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成される環は、更に、置換基として、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有していることも好ましい。
なお、上記アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及び、アラルキル基には、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子及び/又はカルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を含む基が含まれていてもよい。例えば、上記アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及び、アラルキル基において、メチレン基の1つ以上が、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子及び/又はカルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を含む基で置き換わっていてもよい。
R38は、繰り返し単位の主鎖が有する別の置換基と互いに結合して、環を形成してもよい。R38と繰り返し単位の主鎖が有する別の置換基とが互いに結合して形成する基は、メチレン基等のアルキレン基が好ましい。
本発明の組成物が、例えば、EUV露光用感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物である場合、R36~R38で表される1価の有機基、及び、R37とR38とが互いに結合して形成される環は、更に、置換基として、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有していることも好ましい。
Mは、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。
Qは、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいアルキル基、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいシクロアルキル基、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいアリール基、アミノ基、アンモニウム基、メルカプト基、シアノ基、アルデヒド基、又は、これらを組み合わせた基(例えば、アルキル基とシクロアルキル基とを組み合わせた基)を表す。
アルキル基及びシクロアルキル基は、例えば、メチレン基の1つが、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子、又は、カルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を含む基で置き換わっていてもよい。
なお、L1及びL2のうち一方は水素原子であり、他方はアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、又は、アルキレン基とアリール基とを組み合わせた基であることが好ましい。
Q、M、及びL1の少なくとも2つが結合して環(好ましくは、5員若しくは6員環)を形成してもよい。
パターンの微細化の点では、L2が2級又は3級アルキル基であることが好ましく、3級アルキル基であることがより好ましい。2級アルキル基としては、イソプロピル基、シクロヘキシル基、及び、ノルボルニル基が挙げられ、3級アルキル基としては、tert-ブチル基、及び、アダマンタン基が挙げられる。これらの態様では、Tg(ガラス転移温度)及び活性化エネルギーが高くなるため、膜強度の担保に加え、かぶりの抑制ができる。
本発明の組成物が、例えば、EUV露光用感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物である場合、Qで表されるヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいアルキル基、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいシクロアルキル基、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいアリール基、アミノ基、アンモニウム基、メルカプト基、シアノ基、アルデヒド基、及び、これらを組み合わせた基において、ヘテロ原子としては、フッ素原子、ヨウ素原子及び酸素原子からなる群から選択されるヘテロ原子であることも好ましい。
本発明の組成物が、例えば、EUV露光用感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物である場合、Arで表される芳香環基、並びに、Rnで表されるアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、及び、アリール基は、置換基としてフッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有していることも好ましい。
Ra1~Ra3は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、又はアルコキシカルボニル基を表す。
La1は、芳香族基を有する2価の連結基を表す。
Ra4~Ra6は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、芳香族複素環式基、アラルキル基、又はアルケニル基を表す。なお、Ra4~Ra6のうち2つが互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
一般式(A-2)中、
Ra7~Ra9は、各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、又はアルコキシカルボニル基を表す。
La2は、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。
Araは、芳香環基を表す。
Ra10~Ra12は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、芳香族複素環式基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、又はアルケニル基を表す。
なお、Ra10~Ra12は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
また、Ra9~Ra12は、Araと結合してもよい。
Ra1~Ra3のアルキル基としては、直鎖状及び分岐鎖状のいずれであってもよい。アルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、1~5が好ましく、1~3がより好ましい。
Ra1~Ra3のシクロアルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、3~20が好ましく、5~15がより好ましい。Ra1~Ra3のシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、及びシクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基、並びにノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及びアダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
Ra1~Ra3のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、及びヨウ素原子が挙げられ、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子が好ましい。
Ra1~Ra3のアルコキシカルボニル基中に含まれるアルキル基としては直鎖状及び分岐鎖状のいずれであってもよい。アルコキシカルボニル基中に含まれるアルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、1~5が好ましく、1~3がより好ましい。
La1は、アリーレン基を含むことが好ましい。
La1は、アリーレン基を表すか、又は、アリーレン基とアリーレン基以外の2価の連結基とを含む2価の連結基を表すことが好ましい。アリーレン基以外の2価の連結基としては、カルボニル基(-CO-)、-O-、-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、アミド基(-CONR-)、スルホンアミド基(-SO2NR-)、アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、及びこれらの複数が連結した連結基等が挙げられる。上記Rはそれぞれ水素原子又は有機基を表し、有機基としてはアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びこれらの組み合わせが好ましい。
アリーレン基以外の2価の連結基は、カルボニル基及び-O-の少なくとも1つであることが好ましく、カルボニル基であることがより好ましい。
La1はアリーレン基、又は、アリーレン基とカルボニル基とからなる2価の連結基を表すことが特に好ましい。
La1に含まれるアリーレン基は、炭素数6~20のアリーレン基が好ましく、炭素数6~10のアリーレン基がより好ましく、フェニレン基が特に好ましい。
Ra4~Ra6のシクロアルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、3~20が好ましく、5~15がより好ましい。Ra4~Ra6のシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、及びシクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基、並びにノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及びアダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
Ra4~Ra6のアリール基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、6~20が好ましく、6~10がより好ましい。Ra4~Ra6のアリール基としては、フェニル基が最も好ましい。
Ra4~Ra6のアルケニル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、2~5が好ましく、2~4がより好ましい。Ra4~Ra6のアルケニル基としては、ビニル基が好ましい。
Ra4~Ra6の芳香族複素環式基としては、例えば、チエニル基、フラニル基、ベンゾチエニル基、ジベンゾチエニル基、ベンゾフラニル基、ピロール基、オキサゾリル基、チアゾリル基、ピリジル基、イソチアゾリル基、チアジアゾリル基等が挙げられる。
Ra4~Ra6が表す各基は置換基を有していてもよい。置換基としては、例えば、上記置換基Tが挙げられ、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、芳香族複素環式基、及びアルコキシ基が好ましい。また、2つ以上の置換基が互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
La11が2価の連結基を表す場合の連結基としては、カルボニル基(-CO-)、-O-、-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、アミド基(-CONR-)、スルホンアミド基(-SO2NR-)、アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、及びこれらの複数が連結した連結基等が挙げられる。上記Rはそれぞれ水素原子又は有機基を表し、有機基としてはアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びこれらの組み合わせが好ましい。
La11は、単結合又は*-CO-O-**が好ましい。*は、主鎖の炭素原子との結合手、**は、芳香環基との結合手を表す。
naは、0又は1が好ましい。maは、0又は1が好ましい。
La2が2価の連結基を表す場合の連結基としては、カルボニル基(-CO-)、-O-、-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、アミド基(-CONR-)、スルホンアミド基(-SO2NR-)、アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、及びこれらの複数が連結した連結基等が挙げられる。上記Rはそれぞれ水素原子又は有機基を表し、有機基としてはアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びこれらの組み合わせが好ましい。
La2は、単結合であることが好ましい。
Ra10~Ra12が表すアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、芳香族複素環式基、アラルキル基、及びアルケニル基としては、上述の一般式(A-1)中のRa4~Ra6としてのアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、芳香族複素環式基、アラルキル基、及びアルケニル基が挙げられ、好ましい例も同様である。
Ra10~Ra12が表すアルコキシ基が有するアルキル基としては、上述の一般式(A-1)中のRa4~Ra6としてのアルキル基が挙げられ、好ましい例も同様である。
また、Ra9~Ra12は、Araと結合してもよい。
樹脂(A)は極性基を有する繰り返し単位を含むことがラフネス性能向上の観点から好ましい。
極性基としては水酸基、ラクトン構造、サルトン構造、ラクタム構造、イミド構造、アミド構造、スルホンアミド構造、カーボネート構造、ウレタン構造、ウレア構造、ニトリル構造、スルホキシド構造、スルホン構造が挙げられ、水酸基またはラクトン構造を有する繰り返し単位であることが好ましく、芳香族性水酸基を有する繰り返し単位であることが特に好ましい。
芳香族性水酸基(例えば、フェノール性水酸基)を含む繰り返し単位としては、下記一般式(A-3)で表される繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
樹脂(A)は、下記一般式(A-3)で表される繰り返し単位を有することが好ましい。
R101、R102及びR103はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、又はアルキルオキシカルボニル基を表す。ただし、R102はArAと結合して環を形成していてもよく、その場合のR102は単結合又はアルキレン基を表す。
LAは単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。
ArAは芳香環基を表す。
kは1~5の整数を表す。
R101~R103が表すアルコキシカルボニル基に含まれるアルキル基としては、上記R101~R103におけるアルキル基と同様のものが好ましい。
(k+1)価の芳香環基は、更に置換基を有していてもよい。
一般式(A-3)で表される繰り返し単位は、ヒドロキシスチレン構造を備えていることが好ましい。即ち、ArAは、ベンゼン環基であることが好ましく、フェニレン基(2価のベンゼン環基)であることがより好ましい。
LAが表す2価の連結基としては、*-X4-L4-**が挙げられる。
上記式中、X4は、単結合、-COO-、又は-CONR64-を表し、R64は、水素原子又はアルキル基を表す。
L4は、単結合又はアルキレン基を表す。
*は一般式(A-3)中の主鎖の炭素原子との結合手、**はArAとの結合手である。
X4としては、単結合、-COO-、又は、-CONH-が好ましく、単結合、又は、-COO-がより好ましい。
kは、1~3の整数であることが好ましく、1又は2がより好ましく、1がさらに好ましい。
Aは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、又はシアノ基を表す。
Rは、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルケニル基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基、アルキルスルホニルオキシ基、アルキルオキシカルボニル基又はアリールオキシカルボニル基を表し、複数個ある場合には同じであっても異なっていてもよい。複数のRを有する場合には、互いに共同して環を形成していてもよい。Rとしては水素原子が好ましい。
aは1~3の整数を表す。
bは0~(3-a)の整数を表す。
また、極性基を有する繰り返し単位の含有量は、樹脂(A)中の全繰り返し単位に対して、90モル%以下であることが好ましく、85モル%以下であることがより好ましく、80モル%以下であることが更に好ましい。
A群:以下の(20)~(25)の繰り返し単位からなる群。
(20)後述する、酸基を有する繰り返し単位
(21)後述する、酸分解性基及び酸基のいずれも有さず、フッ素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位
(22)後述する、ラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位
(23)後述する、光酸発生基を有する繰り返し単位
(24)後述する、式(V-1)又は下記式(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位
(25)主鎖の運動性を低下させるための繰り返し単位
B群:以下の(30)~(32)の繰り返し単位からなる群。
(30)後述する、ラクトン基、スルトン基、カーボネート基、水酸基、シアノ基、及びアルカリ可溶性基から選ばれる少なくとも1種類の基を有する繰り返し単位
(31)後述する、脂環式炭化水素構造を有し、酸分解性を示さない繰り返し単位
(32)後述する、水酸基及びシアノ基のいずれも有さない、式(III)で表される繰り返し単位
樹脂(A)は、フッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の少なくとも一方を含んでもよい。本発明の組成物がEUV露光用の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物として用いられる場合、樹脂(A)は、フッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の少なくとも一方を含むことが好ましい。樹脂(A)がフッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の両方を含む場合、樹脂(A)は、フッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の両方を含む1つの繰り返し単位を有していてもよいし、樹脂(A)は、フッ素原子を有する繰り返し単位とヨウ素原子を含む繰り返し単位との2種を含んでいてもよい。
樹脂(A)は上記B群からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の繰り返し単位を有してもよい。本発明の組成物がArF用の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物として用いられる場合、樹脂(A)は上記B群からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の繰り返し単位を有することが好ましい。
なお、本発明の組成物がArF用の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物として用いられる場合、樹脂(A)は、フッ素原子及び珪素原子のいずれも含まないことが好ましい。
樹脂(A)は、酸基を有する繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
酸基としては、pKaが13以下の酸基が好ましい。上記酸基の酸解離定数は、13以下が好ましく、3~13がより好ましく、5~10が更に好ましい。
樹脂(A)が、pKaが13以下の酸基を有する場合、樹脂(A)中における酸基の含有量は特に制限されないが、0.2~6.0mmol/gの場合が多い。なかでも、0.8~6.0mmol/gが好ましく、1.2~5.0mmol/gがより好ましく、1.6~4.0mmol/gが更に好ましい。酸基の含有量が上記範囲内であれば、現像が良好に進行し、形成されるパターン形状に優れ、解像性にも優れる。
酸基としては、例えば、カルボキシル基、フェノール性水酸基、フッ化アルコール基(好ましくはヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基)、スルホン酸基、スルホンアミド基、又はイソプロパノール基が好ましい。
上記ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基は、フッ素原子の1つ以上(好ましくは1~2つ)が、フッ素原子以外の基(アルコキシカルボニル基等)で置換されてもよい。酸基としては、このように形成された-C(CF3)(OH)-CF2-も好ましい。また、フッ素原子の1つ以上がフッ素原子以外の基に置換されて、-C(CF3)(OH)-CF2-を含む環を形成してもよい。
酸基を有する繰り返し単位は、上述の酸の作用により脱離する基で極性基が保護された構造を有する繰り返し単位、及び後述するラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位とは異なる繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
酸基を有する繰り返し単位は、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有していてもよい。
樹脂(A)は、上述した酸分解性繰り返し単位及び酸基を有する繰り返し単位とは別に、酸分解性基及び酸基のいずれも有さず、フッ素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位(以下、単位Xともいう。)を有していてもよい。ここで言う<酸分解性基及び酸基のいずれも有さず、フッ素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位>は、後述の<ラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位>、及び<光酸発生基を有する繰り返し単位>等の、A群に属する他の種類の繰り返し単位とは異なることが好ましい。
なお、フッ素原子、臭素原子及びヨウ素原子の少なくとも1つを含む繰り返し単位としては、例えば、フッ素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子を有し、かつ、酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位、フッ素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子を有し、かつ、酸基を有する繰り返し単位、及びフッ素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位が挙げられる。
樹脂(A)は、ラクトン基、スルトン基、及びカーボネート基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有する繰り返し単位(以下、「単位Y」ともいう。)を有していてもよい。
単位Yは、水酸基、及びヘキサフルオロプロパノール基等の酸基を有さないことも好ましい。
単位Yは、上述の極性基を有する繰り返し単位にも相当する。
樹脂(A)は、下記式(LC1-1)~(LC1-21)のいずれかで表されるラクトン構造、又は下記式(SL1-1)~(SL1-3)のいずれかで表されるスルトン構造の環員原子から、水素原子を1つ以上引き抜いてなるラクトン基又はスルトン基を有する繰り返し単位を有することが好ましく、ラクトン基又はスルトン基が主鎖に直接結合していてもよい。例えば、ラクトン基又はスルトン基の環員原子が、樹脂(A)の主鎖を構成してもよい。
Rb0のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、及びヨウ素原子が挙げられる。Rb0は、水素原子又はメチル基が好ましい。
Abは、単結合、アルキレン基、単環又は多環の脂環式炭化水素構造を有する2価の連結基、エーテル基、エステル基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、又はこれらを組み合わせた2価の連結基を表す。なかでも、Abとしては、単結合、又は-Ab1-CO2-で表される連結基が好ましい。Ab1は、直鎖状若しくは分岐鎖状のアルキレン基、又は単環若しくは多環のシクロアルキレン基であり、メチレン基、エチレン基、シクロヘキシレン基、アダマンチレン基、又はノルボルニレン基が好ましい。
Vは、式(LC1-1)~(LC1-21)のいずれかで表されるラクトン構造の環員原子から水素原子を1つ引き抜いてなる基、又は式(SL1-1)~(SL1-3)のいずれかで表されるスルトン構造の環員原子から水素原子を1つ引き抜いてなる基を表す。
環状炭酸エステル基を有する繰り返し単位としては、下記式(A-1)で表される繰り返し単位が好ましい。
樹脂(A)は、上記以外の繰り返し単位として、活性光線又は放射線(好ましくは電子線又は極紫外線)の照射により酸を発生する基(以下、「光酸発生基」ともいう)を有する繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
樹脂(A)の好ましい一態様として、樹脂(A)が電子線又は極紫外線の照射により分解して酸を発生する基を有する繰り返し単位を含む態様が挙げられる。
光酸発生基を有する繰り返し単位としては、式(4)で表される繰り返し単位が挙げられる。
光酸発生基を有する繰り返し単位を以下に例示する。
樹脂(A)は、下記式(V-1)、又は下記式(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
下記式(V-1)、及び下記式(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位は上述の繰り返し単位とは異なる繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
R6及びR7は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、水酸基、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アシロキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、ハロゲン原子、エステル基(-OCOR又は-COOR:Rは炭素数1~6のアルキル基又はフッ素化アルキル基)、又はカルボキシル基を表す。アルキル基としては、炭素数1~10の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキル基が好ましい。
n3は、0~6の整数を表す。
n4は、0~4の整数を表す。
X4は、メチレン基、酸素原子、又は硫黄原子である。
式(V-1)又は(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位を以下に例示する。
式(V-1)又は(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位としては、例えば、国際公開第2018/193954号の段落[0100]に記載された繰り返し単位が挙げられる。
樹脂(A)は、発生酸の過剰な拡散又は現像時のパターン崩壊を抑制できる点から、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が高い方が好ましい。Tgは、90℃より大きいことが好ましく、100℃より大きいことがより好ましく、110℃より大きいことが更に好ましく、125℃より大きいことが特に好ましい。なお、現像液への溶解速度が優れる点から、Tgは400℃以下が好ましく、350℃以下がより好ましい。
なお、本明細書において、樹脂(A)等のポリマーのガラス転移温度(Tg)(以下「繰り返し単位のTg」)は、以下の方法で算出する。まず、ポリマー中に含まれる各繰り返し単位のみからなるホモポリマーのTgを、Bicerano法によりそれぞれ算出する。次に、ポリマー中の全繰り返し単位に対する、各繰り返し単位の質量割合(%)を算出する。次に、Foxの式(Materials Letters 62(2008)3152等に記載)を用いて各質量割合におけるTgを算出して、それらを総和して、ポリマーのTg(℃)とする。
Bicerano法は、Prediction of polymer properties, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York(1993)に記載されている。Bicerano法によるTgの算出は、ポリマーの物性概算ソフトウェアMDL Polymer(MDL Information Systems, Inc.)を用いて行うことができる。
(a)主鎖への嵩高い置換基の導入
(b)主鎖への複数の置換基の導入
(c)主鎖近傍への樹脂(A)間の相互作用を誘発する置換基の導入
(d)環状構造での主鎖形成
(e)主鎖への環状構造の連結
なお、樹脂(A)は、ホモポリマーのTgが130℃以上を示す繰り返し単位を有することが好ましい。
樹脂(A)は、ラクトン基、スルトン基、カーボネート基、水酸基、シアノ基、及びアルカリ可溶性基から選ばれる少なくとも1種類の基を有する繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
樹脂(A)が有するラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位としては、上述した<ラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位>で説明した繰り返し単位が挙げられる。好ましい含有量も上述した<ラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位>で説明した通りである。
水酸基又はシアノ基を有する繰り返し単位は、水酸基又はシアノ基で置換された脂環式炭化水素構造を有する繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
水酸基又はシアノ基を有する繰り返し単位は、酸分解性基を有さないことが好ましい。水酸基又はシアノ基を有する繰り返し単位としては、特開2014-098921号公報の段落[0081]~[0084]に記載のものが挙げられる。
アルカリ可溶性基としては、カルボキシル基、スルホンアミド基、スルホニルイミド基、ビススルホニルイミド基、及びα位が電子求引性基で置換された脂肪族アルコール基(例えば、ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基)が挙げられ、カルボキシル基が好ましい。樹脂(A)がアルカリ可溶性基を有する繰り返し単位を含むことにより、コンタクトホール用途での解像性が増す。アルカリ可溶性基を有する繰り返し単位としては、特開2014-098921号公報の段落[0085]及び[0086]に記載のものが挙げられる。
樹脂(A)は、脂環式炭化水素構造を有し、酸分解性を示さない繰り返し単位を有してもよい。これにより液浸露光時にレジスト膜から液浸液への低分子成分の溶出が低減できる。脂環式炭化水素構造を有し、酸分解性を示さない繰り返し単位として、例えば、1-アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジアマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、トリシクロデカニル(メタ)アクリレート、又はシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート由来の繰り返し単位が挙げられる。
樹脂(A)は、水酸基及びシアノ基のいずれも有さない、式(III)で表される繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
Raは水素原子、アルキル基又は-CH2-O-Ra2基を表す。式中、Ra2は、水素原子、アルキル基又はアシル基を表す。
水酸基及びシアノ基のいずれも有さない、式(III)で表される繰り返し単位としては、特開2014-098921号公報の段落[0087]~[0094]に記載のものが挙げられる。
更に、樹脂(A)は、上述した繰り返し単位以外のその他の繰り返し単位を有してもよい。
例えば樹脂(A)は、オキサチアン環基を有する繰り返し単位、オキサゾロン環基を有する繰り返し単位、ジオキサン環基を有する繰り返し単位、及びヒダントイン環基を有する繰り返し単位からなる群から選択される繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
GPC法によりポリスチレン換算値として、樹脂(A)の重量平均分子量(Mw)は、30,000以下が好ましく、1,000~30,000がより好ましく、3,000~30,000が更に好ましく、5,000~15,000が特に好ましい。
樹脂(A)の分散度(分子量分布、Pd、Mw/Mn)は、1~5が好ましく、1~3がより好ましく、1.2~3.0が更に好ましく、1.2~2.0が特に好ましい。分散度が小さいものほど、解像度、及びレジスト形状がより優れ、更に、レジストパターンの側壁がよりスムーズであり、ラフネス性にもより優れる。
樹脂(A)は、1種で使用してもよいし、複数併用してもよい。
本発明の組成物は、活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸を発生する化合物(光酸発生剤)を含むことが好ましい。
光酸発生剤は、低分子化合物の形態であってもよく、重合体の一部に組み込まれた形態であってもよい。また、低分子化合物の形態と重合体の一部に組み込まれた形態とを併用してもよい。
光酸発生剤が、低分子化合物の形態である場合、光酸発生剤の分子量は3000以下が好ましく、2000以下がより好ましく、1000以下が更に好ましい。下限は特に制限されないが、100以上が好ましい。
光酸発生剤が、重合体の一部に組み込まれた形態である場合、樹脂(A)の一部に組み込まれてもよく、樹脂(A)とは異なる樹脂に組み込まれてもよい。
光酸発生剤は、低分子化合物の形態であることが好ましい。
光酸発生剤は、活性光線又は放射線の照射により、pKaが-2.0以上の酸を発生する化合物であることが好ましく、pKaが-2.0以上1.0以下の酸を発生する化合物であることが更に好ましい。
上記有機酸として、例えば、スルホン酸(脂肪族スルホン酸、芳香族スルホン酸、及びカンファースルホン酸等)、カルボン酸(脂肪族カルボン酸、芳香族カルボン酸、及びアラルキルカルボン酸等)、カルボニルスルホニルイミド酸、ビス(アルキルスルホニル)イミド酸、及びトリス(アルキルスルホニル)メチド酸が挙げられる。
有機カチオンとしては特に制限されない。有機カチオンの価数は、1又は2価以上であってもよい。
なかでも、上記有機カチオンとしては、式(ZaI)で表されるカチオン(以下「カチオン(ZaI)」ともいう。)、又は、式(ZaII)で表されるカチオン(以下「カチオン(ZaII)」ともいう。)が好ましい。
R201、R202、及びR203としての有機基の炭素数は、1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。R201~R203のうち2つが結合して環構造を形成してもよく、環内に酸素原子、硫黄原子、エステル基、アミド基、又はカルボニル基を含んでいてもよい。R201~R203の内の2つが結合して形成する基としては、例えば、アルキレン基(例えば、ブチレン基及びペンチレン基)、及び-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-が挙げられる。
カチオン(ZaI-1)は、上記式(ZaI)のR201~R203の少なくとも1つがアリール基である、アリールスルホニウムカチオンである。
アリールスルホニウムカチオンは、R201~R203の全てがアリール基でもよいし、R201~R203の一部がアリール基であり、残りがアルキル基又はシクロアルキル基であってもよい。
R201~R203のうちの1つがアリール基であり、R201~R203のうちの残りの2つが結合して環構造を形成してもよく、環内に酸素原子、硫黄原子、エステル基、アミド基、又はカルボニル基を含んでいてもよい。R201~R203のうちの2つが結合して形成する基としては、例えば、1つ以上のメチレン基が酸素原子、硫黄原子、エステル基、アミド基、及び/又はカルボニル基で置換されていてもよいアルキレン基(例えば、ブチレン基、ペンチレン基、及び-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-)が挙げられる。
アリールスルホニウムカチオンとしては、トリアリールスルホニウムカチオン、ジアリールアルキルスルホニウムカチオン、アリールジアルキルスルホニウムカチオン、ジアリールシクロアルキルスルホニウムカチオン、及びアリールジシクロアルキルスルホニウムカチオンが挙げられる。
アリールスルホニウムカチオンが必要に応じて有しているアルキル基又はシクロアルキル基は、炭素数1~15の直鎖状アルキル基、炭素数3~15の分岐鎖状アルキル基、又は炭素数3~15のシクロアルキル基が好ましく、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、n-ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、又はシクロヘキシル基がより好ましい。
上記置換基は可能な場合更に置換基を有していてもよく、上記アルキル基が置換基としてハロゲン原子を有して、トリフルオロメチル基等のハロゲン化アルキル基となっていることも好ましい。
上記置換基は任意の組み合わせにより、酸分解性基を形成することも好ましい。
なお、酸分解性基とは、酸の作用により分解して極性基を生じる基を意図し、酸の作用により脱離する基で極性基が保護された構造であることが好ましい。上記の極性基及び脱離基としては、上述の通りである。
カチオン(ZaI-2)は、式(ZaI)におけるR201~R203が、それぞれ独立に、芳香環を有さない有機基を表すカチオンである。芳香環とは、ヘテロ原子を含む芳香族環も包含する。
R201~R203としての芳香環を有さない有機基の炭素数は、1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。
R201~R203としては、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリル基、又はビニル基が好ましく、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状の2-オキソアルキル基、2-オキソシクロアルキル基、又はアルコキシカルボニルメチル基がより好ましく、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状の2-オキソアルキル基が更に好ましい。
R201~R203は、ハロゲン原子、アルコキシ基(例えば、炭素数1~5)、水酸基、シアノ基、又はニトロ基によって更に置換されていてもよい。
R201~R203の置換基は、それぞれ独立に、置換基の任意の組み合わせにより、酸分解性基を形成することも好ましい。
カチオン(ZaI-3b)は、下記式(ZaI-3b)で表されるカチオンである。
R6c及びR7cは、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、アルキル基(例えば、t-ブチル基等)、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、又はアリール基を表す。
Rx及びRyは、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、2-オキソアルキル基、2-オキソシクロアルキル基、アルコキシカルボニルアルキル基、アリル基、又はビニル基を表す。
R1c~R7c、並びに、Rx及びRyの置換基は、それぞれ独立に、置換基の任意の組み合わせにより、酸分解性基を形成することも好ましい。
上記環としては、芳香族又は非芳香族の炭化水素環、芳香族又は非芳香族のヘテロ環、及びこれらの環が2つ以上組み合わされてなる多環縮合環が挙げられる。環としては、3~10員環が挙げられ、4~8員環が好ましく、5又は6員環がより好ましい。
R5cとR6c、及びR5cとRxが結合して形成する基としては、単結合又はアルキレン基が好ましい。アルキレン基としては、メチレン基及びエチレン基が挙げられる。
カチオン(ZaI-4b)は、下記式(ZaI-4b)で表されるカチオンである。
R13は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子(例えば、フッ素原子及びヨウ素原子等)、水酸基、アルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、アルコキシ基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、又はシクロアルキル基を含む基(シクロアルキル基そのものであってもよく、シクロアルキル基を一部に含む基であってもよい)を表す。これらの基は置換基を有してもよい。
R14は、水酸基、ハロゲン原子(例えば、フッ素原子及びヨウ素原子等)、アルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アルキルカルボニル基、アルキルスルホニル基、シクロアルキルスルホニル基、又はシクロアルキル基を含む基(シクロアルキル基そのものであってもよく、シクロアルキル基を一部に含む基であってもよい)を表す。これらの基は置換基を有してもよい。R14は、複数存在する場合は、それぞれ独立して、水酸基等の上記基を表す。
R15は、それぞれ独立して、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、又はナフチル基を表す。2つのR15が互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。2つのR15が互いに結合して環を形成するとき、環骨格内に、酸素原子、又は窒素原子等のヘテロ原子を含んでもよい。
一態様において、2つのR15がアルキレン基であり、互いに結合して環構造を形成することが好ましい。なお、上記アルキル基、上記シクロアルキル基、及び上記ナフチル基、並びに、2つのR15が互いに結合して形成する環は置換基を有してもよい。
R13~R15、並びに、Rx及びRyの各置換基は、それぞれ独立に、置換基の任意の組み合わせにより、酸分解性基を形成することも好ましい。
式(ZaII)中、R204及びR205は、それぞれ独立に、アリール基、アルキル基又はシクロアルキル基を表す。
R204及びR205のアリール基としては、フェニル基、又はナフチル基が好ましく、フェニル基がより好ましい。R204及びR205のアリール基は、酸素原子、窒素原子、又は硫黄原子等を有するヘテロ環を有するアリール基であってもよい。ヘテロ環を有するアリール基の骨格としては、例えば、ピロール、フラン、チオフェン、インドール、ベンゾフラン、及びベンゾチオフェンが挙げられる。
R204及びR205のアルキル基及びシクロアルキル基としては、炭素数1~10の直鎖状アルキル基又は炭素数3~10の分岐鎖状アルキル基(例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、又はペンチル基)、又は炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル基(例えばシクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、又はノルボルニル基)が好ましい。
有機アニオンとしては、特に制限されず、1又は2価以上の有機アニオンが挙げられる。
有機アニオンとしては、求核反応を起こす能力が著しく低いアニオンが好ましく、非求核性アニオンがより好ましい。
上記アルキル基は、例えば、フルオロアルキル基(フッ素原子以外の置換基を有していてもよい。パーフルオロアルキル基であってもよい)であってもよい。
炭素数7~14のアラルキル基としては、例えば、ベンジル基、フェネチル基、ナフチルメチル基、ナフチルエチル基、及び、ナフチルブチル基が挙げられる。
また、ビス(アルキルスルホニル)イミドアニオンにおけるアルキル基は、互いに結合して環構造を形成してもよい。これにより、酸強度が増加する。
置換基は特に制限されないが、電子求引性基ではない基が好ましい。電子求引性基ではない基としては、例えば、炭化水素基、水酸基、オキシ炭化水素基、オキシカルボニル炭化水素基、アミノ基、炭化水素置換アミノ基、及び、炭化水素置換アミド基が挙げられる。
電子求引性基ではない基としては、それぞれ独立に、-R’、-OH、-OR’、-OCOR’、-NH2、-NR’2、-NHR’、又は、-NHCOR’が好ましい。R’は、1価の炭化水素基である。
なかでも、R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、炭化水素基(シクロアルキル基が好ましい)又は水素原子が好ましい。
Lが複数存在する場合、Lは、それぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。
2価の連結基としては、例えば、-O-CO-O-、-COO-、-CONH-、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、アルキレン基(炭素数1~6が好ましい)、シクロアルキレン基(炭素数3~15が好ましい)、アルケニレン基(炭素数2~6が好ましい)、及び、これらの複数を組み合わせた2価の連結基が挙げられる。なかでも、2価の連結基としては、-O-CO-O-、-COO-、-CONH-、-CO-、-O-、-SO2-、-O-CO-O-アルキレン基-、-COO-アルキレン基-、又は、-CONH-アルキレン基-が好ましく、-O-CO-O-、-O-CO-O-アルキレン基-、-COO-、-CONH-、-SO2-、又は、-COO-アルキレン基-がより好ましい。
*a-(CR2a 2)X-Q-(CR2b 2)Y-*b (AN1-1)
*bは、式(AN1)における-C(R1)(R2)-との結合位置を表す。
X及びYは、それぞれ独立に、0~10の整数を表し、0~3の整数が好ましい。
R2a及びR2bは、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は置換基を表す。
R2a及びR2bがそれぞれ複数存在する場合、複数存在するR2a及びR2bは、それぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。
ただし、Yが1以上の場合、式(AN1)における-C(R1)(R2)-と直接結合するCR2b 2におけるR2bは、フッ素原子以外である。
Qは、*A-O-CO-O-*B、*A-CO-*B、*A-CO-O-*B、*A-O-CO-*B、*A-O-*B、*A-S-*B、又は、*A-SO2-*Bを表す。
ただし、式(AN1-1)中のX+Yが1以上、かつ、式(AN1-1)中のR2a及びR2bのいずれもが全て水素原子である場合、Qは、*A-O-CO-O-*B、*A-CO-*B、*A-O-CO-*B、*A-O-*B、*A-S-*B、又は、*A-SO2-*Bを表す。
*Aは、式(AN1)におけるR3側の結合位置を表し、*Bは、式(AN1)における-SO3 -側の結合位置を表す。
上記有機基は、炭素原子を1以上有していれば特に制限はなく、直鎖状の基(例えば、直鎖状のアルキル基)でも、分岐鎖状の基(例えば、t-ブチル基等の分岐鎖状のアルキル基)でもよく、環状の基であってもよい。上記有機基は、置換基を有していても、有していなくてもよい。上記有機基は、ヘテロ原子(酸素原子、硫黄原子、及び/又は、窒素原子等)を有していても、有してなくてもよい。
上記環状構造を有する有機基は、例えば、ヘテロ原子(酸素原子、硫黄原子、及び/又は、窒素原子等)を有していても、有してなくてもよい。ヘテロ原子は、環状構造を形成する炭素原子の1つ以上と置換していてもよい。
上記環状構造を有する有機基は、例えば、環状構造の炭化水素基、ラクトン環基、及び、スルトン環基が好ましい。なかでも、上記環状構造を有する有機基は、環状構造の炭化水素基が好ましい。
上記環状構造の炭化水素基は、単環又は多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。これらの基は、置換基を有していてもよい。
上記シクロアルキル基は、単環(シクロヘキシル基等)でも多環(アダマンチル基等)でもよく、炭素数は5~12が好ましい。
上記ラクトン基及びスルトン基としては、例えば、上述した式(LC1-1)~(LC1-21)で表される構造、及び、式(SL1-1)~(SL1-3)で表される構造のいずれかにおいて、ラクトン構造又はスルトン構造を構成する環員原子から、水素原子を1つ除いてなる基が好ましい。
Xfは、フッ素原子又は炭素数1~4のパーフルオロアルキル基であることが好ましく、フッ素原子又はCF3であることがより好ましく、双方のXfがフッ素原子であることが更に好ましい。
R4及びR5で表されるアルキル基は、炭素数1~4が好ましい。上記アルキル基は置換基を有していてもよい。R4及びR5としては、水素原子が好ましい。
環状の有機基としては、例えば、脂環基、アリール基、及び、複素環基が挙げられる。
脂環基は、単環であってもよく、多環であってもよい。単環の脂環基としては、例えば、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、及び、シクロオクチル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基が挙げられる。多環の脂環基としては、例えば、ノルボルニル基、トリシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及び、アダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が挙げられる。なかでも、ノルボルニル基、トリシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及び、アダマンチル基等の炭素数7以上の嵩高い構造を有する脂環基が好ましい。
複素環基は、単環又は多環であってもよい。なかでも、多環の複素環基である場合、より酸の拡散を抑制できる。複素環基は、芳香族性を有していてもよいし、芳香族性を有していなくてもよい。芳香族性を有している複素環としては、例えば、フラン環、チオフェン環、ベンゾフラン環、ベンゾチオフェン環、ジベンゾフラン環、ジベンゾチオフェン環、及び、ピリジン環が挙げられる。芳香族性を有していない複素環としては、例えば、テトラヒドロピラン環、ラクトン環、スルトン環、及び、デカヒドロイソキノリン環が挙げられる。複素環基における複素環としては、フラン環、チオフェン環、ピリジン環、又は、デカヒドロイソキノリン環が好ましい。
nは、0以上の整数を表す。nとしては、1~4が好ましく、2~3がより好ましく、3が更に好ましい。
Bとしては、脂肪族炭化水素基が好ましく、イソプロピル基、シクロヘキシル基、又は更に置換基を有してもよいアリール基(トリシクロヘキシルフェニル基等)がより好ましい。
ジスルホンアミドアニオンは、例えば、N-(SO2-Rq)2で表されるアニオンである。
ここで、Rqは置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基を表し、フルオロアルキル基が好ましく、パーフルオロアルキル基がより好ましい。2個のRqは互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。2個のRqが互いに結合して形成される基は、置換基を有していてもよいアルキレン基が好ましく、フルオロアルキレン基が好ましく、パーフルオロアルキレン基が更に好ましい。上記アルキレン基の炭素数は2~4が好ましい。
Z2cにおける上記炭化水素基は、直鎖状でも分岐鎖状でもよく、環状構造を有していてもよい。また、上記炭化水素基における炭素原子(好ましくは、上記炭化水素基が環状構造を有する場合における、環員原子である炭素原子)は、カルボニル炭素(-CO-)であってもよい。上記炭化水素基としては、例えば、置換基を有していてもよいノルボルニル基を有する基が挙げられる。上記ノルボルニル基を形成する炭素原子は、カルボニル炭素であってもよい。
式(d1-2)中の「Z2c-SO3 -」は、上述の式(AN1)~(AN3)で表されるアニオンとは異なることが好ましい。例えば、Z2cは、アリール基以外が好ましい。例えば、Z2cにおける、-SO3 -に対してα位及びβ位の原子は、置換基としてフッ素原子を有する炭素原子以外の原子が好ましい。例えば、Z2cは、-SO3 -に対してα位の原子及び/又はβ位の原子は環状基中の環員原子であることが好ましい。
Lは単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。Lが複数存在するとき、複数のLは同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
Aは酸の作用により分解する基を表す。Aが複数存在するとき、複数のAは同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
ncは1から5の整数を表す。
Xcは(nc+1)価の連結基を表す。
Mc+はスルホニウムイオン又はヨードニウムイオンを表す。
Lが表す2価の連結基としては、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、炭化水素基(例えば、アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、及び、アリーレン基等)、及び、これらの複数が連結した連結基が挙げられる。なかでも、Lとしては、アルキレン基、アリーレン基、-アリーレン基-フッ素原子若しくはヨウ素原子を有するアルキレン基-、-COO-Rt-基、又は-O-Rt-基が好ましい。式中、Rtは、アルキレン基、又は、シクロアルキレン基を表す。
アルキレン基は、直鎖状であっても、分岐鎖状であってもよい。アルキレン基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、1~10が好ましく、1~3がより好ましい。
フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有するアルキレン基に含まれるフッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の合計数は特に制限されないが、2以上が好ましく、2~10がより好ましく、3~6が更に好ましい。
Rtとしては、炭素数1~5のアルキレン基が好ましく、-CH2-基、-(CH2)2-基、又は、-(CH2)3-基がより好ましい。
酸の作用により分解する基は、酸の作用により脱離する基(脱離基)で極性基が保護された構造を有することが好ましい。
酸の作用により脱離する基としては、例えば、上述の樹脂(A)に記載の式(Y1)~(Y4)で表される基が挙げられる。
Xcは、芳香環基であることが好ましく、炭素数6~20の芳香環基であることがより好ましく、ベンゼン環基がさらに好ましい。
化合物(I)は、1つ以上の下記構造部位X及び1つ以上の下記構造部位Yを有する化合物であって、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、下記構造部位Xに由来する下記第1の酸性部位と下記構造部位Yに由来する下記第2の酸性部位とを含む酸を発生する化合物である。
構造部位X:アニオン部位A1 -とカチオン部位M1 +とからなり、且つ活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、HA1で表される第1の酸性部位を形成する構造部位
構造部位Y:アニオン部位A2 -とカチオン部位M2 +とからなり、且つ活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、HA2で表される第2の酸性部位を形成する構造部位
上記化合物(I)は、下記条件Iを満たす。
化合物(I)が、例えば、上記構造部位Xに由来する上記第1の酸性部位を1つと、上記構造部位Yに由来する上記第2の酸性部位を1つ有する酸を発生する化合物である場合、化合物PIは「HA1とHA2とを有する化合物」に該当する。
化合物PIの酸解離定数a1及び酸解離定数a2とは、より具体的に説明すると、化合物PIの酸解離定数を求めた場合において、化合物PIが「A1 -とHA2とを有する化合物」となる際のpKaが酸解離定数a1であり、上記「A1 -とHA2とを有する化合物」が「A1 -とA2 -とを有する化合物」となる際のpKaが酸解離定数a2である。
化合物PIの酸解離定数を求めた場合、化合物PIが「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数、及び「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」が「2つのA1 -と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数が、上述の酸解離定数a1に該当する。「2つのA1 -と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」が「2つのA1 -とA2 -を有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数が酸解離定数a2に該当する。つまり、化合物PIの場合、上記構造部位X中の上記カチオン部位M1 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA1で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数を複数有する場合、複数の酸解離定数a1のうち最も大きい値よりも、酸解離定数a2の値の方が大きい。なお、化合物PIが「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数をaaとし、「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」が「2つのA1 -と1つのHA2とを有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数をabとしたとき、aa及びabの関係は、aa<abを満たす。
上記化合物PIとは、化合物(I)に活性光線又は放射線を照射した場合に、発生する酸に該当する。
化合物(I)が2つ以上の構造部位Xを有する場合、構造部位Xは、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。また、2つ以上の上記A1 -、及び2つ以上の上記M1 +は、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
化合物(I)中、上記A1 -及び上記A2 -、並びに、上記M1 +及び上記M2 +は、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよいが、上記A1 -及び上記A2 -は、それぞれ異なっていることが好ましい。
アニオン部位A1 -としては、酸解離定数の小さい酸性部位を形成し得るものが好ましく、なかでも、式(AA-1)~(AA-3)のいずれかであることがより好ましく、式(AA-1)及び(AA-3)のいずれかであることが更に好ましい。
また、アニオン部位A2 -としては、アニオン部位A1 -よりも酸解離定数の大きい酸性部位を形成し得るものが好ましく、式(BB-1)~(BB-6)のいずれかであることがより好ましく、式(BB-1)及び(BB-4)のいずれかであることが更に好ましい。
なお、以下の式(AA-1)~(AA-3)及び式(BB-1)~(BB-6)中、*は、結合位置を表す。
式(AA-2)中、RAは、1価の有機基を表す。RAで表される1価の有機基は特に制限されないが、例えば、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基、及びメタンスルホニル基が挙げられる。
化合物(II)は、2つ以上の上記構造部位X及び1つ以上の下記構造部位Zを有する化合物であって、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、上記構造部位Xに由来する上記第1の酸性部位を2つ以上と上記構造部位Zとを含む酸を発生する化合物である。
構造部位Z:酸を中和可能な非イオン性の部位
なお、化合物(II)が、例えば、上記構造部位Xに由来する上記第1の酸性部位を2つと上記構造部位Zとを有する酸を発生する化合物である場合、化合物PIIは「2つのHA1を有する化合物」に該当する。この化合物PIIの酸解離定数を求めた場合、化合物PIIが「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1とを有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数、及び「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1とを有する化合物」が「2つのA1 -を有する化合物」となる際の酸解離定数が、酸解離定数a1に該当する。
上記化合物PIIとは、化合物(II)に活性光線又は放射線を照射した場合に、発生する酸に該当する。
なお、上記2つ以上の構造部位Xは、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。2つ以上の上記A1 -、及び2つ以上の上記M1 +は、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
プロトンと静電的に相互作用し得る基、又は、電子を有する官能基としては、環状ポリエーテル等のマクロサイクリック構造を有する官能基、又は、π共役に寄与しない非共有電子対をもった窒素原子を有する官能基が挙げられる。π共役に寄与しない非共有電子対を有する窒素原子とは、例えば、下記式に示す部分構造を有する窒素原子である。
光酸発生剤は、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。
本発明の組成物は、上記化合物(B)に相当しない、酸拡散制御剤(D)を含んでいてもよい。
酸拡散制御剤は、露光時に光酸発生剤等から発生する酸をトラップし、余分な発生酸による、未露光部における酸分解性樹脂の反応を抑制するクエンチャーとして作用する。
酸拡散制御剤の種類は特に制限されず、例えば、塩基性化合物(DA)、窒素原子を有し、酸の作用により脱離する基を有する低分子化合物(DB)、及び、活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸拡散制御能が低下又は消失する化合物(DC)が挙げられる。
化合物(DC)としては、光酸発生剤に対して相対的に弱酸となるオニウム塩化合物(DD)、及び、活性光線又は放射線の照射により塩基性が低下又は消失する塩基性化合物(DE)が挙げられる。
塩基性化合物(DA)の具体例としては、例えば、国際公開第2020/066824号の段落[0132]~[0136]に記載のものが挙げられ、活性光線又は放射線の照射により塩基性が低下又は消失する塩基性化合物(DE)の具体例としては、国際公開第2020/066824号の段落[0137]~[0155]に記載のもの、及び国際公開第2020/066824号公報の段落[0164]に記載のものが挙げられ、窒素原子を有し、酸の作用により脱離する基を有する低分子化合物(DB)の具体例としては、国際公開第2020/066824号の段落[0156]~[0163]に記載のものが挙げられる。
光酸発生剤に対して相対的に弱酸となるオニウム塩化合物(DD)の具体例としては、例えば、国際公開第2020/158337号の段落[0305]~[0314]に記載のものが挙げられる。
本発明の組成物において、酸拡散制御剤は1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の組成物は、更に、樹脂(A)とは異なる疎水性樹脂(「疎水性樹脂(P)」ともいう。)を含んでいてもよい。
疎水性樹脂(P)は感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜の表面に偏在するように設計されることが好ましいが、界面活性剤とは異なり、必ずしも分子内に親水基を有する必要はなく、極性物質及び非極性物質の均一な混合に寄与しなくてもよい。
疎水性樹脂(P)の添加による効果として、水に対する感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜表面の静的及び動的な接触角の制御、並びに、アウトガスの抑制が挙げられる。
疎水性樹脂(P)としては、国際公開第2020/004306号の段落[0275]~[0279]に記載される化合物が挙げられる。
本発明の組成物は、界面活性剤を含んでいてもよい。界面活性剤を含むと、密着性により優れ、現像欠陥のより少ないパターンを形成することができる。
界面活性剤は、フッ素系及び/又はシリコン系界面活性剤が好ましい。
フッ素系及び/又はシリコン系界面活性剤としては、国際公開第2018/193954号の段落[0218]及び[0219]に開示された界面活性剤が挙げられる。
本発明の組成物は、溶剤を含むことが好ましい。
溶剤は、(M1)プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテルカルボキシレート、並びに、(M2)プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、乳酸エステル、酢酸エステル、アルコキシプロピオン酸エステル、鎖状ケトン、環状ケトン、ラクトン、及びアルキレンカーボネートからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの少なくとも一方を含んでいることが好ましい。なお、上記溶剤は、成分(M1)及び(M2)以外の成分を更に含んでいてもよい。
成分(M1)及び成分(M2)の詳細は、国際公開第2020/004306号の段落[0218]~[0226]に記載され、これらの内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明の組成物は、溶解阻止化合物、染料、可塑剤、光増感剤、光吸収剤、及び/又は、現像液に対する溶解性を促進させる化合物(例えば、分子量1000以下のフェノール化合物、又は、カルボキシル基を含んだ脂環族若しくは脂肪族化合物)を更に含んでいてもよい。
本発明は、本発明の組成物により形成された感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜にも関する。本発明の感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜はレジスト膜であることが好ましい。
本発明の組成物を用いたパターン形成方法の手順は特に制限されないが、以下の工程を有することが好ましい。
工程1:本発明の組成物により、基板上に感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を形成する工程
工程2:感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を露光する工程
工程3:露光された感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を現像液を用いて現像する工程
以下、上記それぞれの工程の手順について詳述する。
工程1は、本発明の組成物により、基板上に感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を形成する工程である。
なお、塗布前に本発明の組成物を必要に応じてフィルター濾過することが好ましい。フィルターのポアサイズは、0.1μm以下が好ましく、0.05μm以下がより好ましく、0.03μm以下が更に好ましい。フィルターは、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン製、ポリエチレン製、又は、ナイロン製が好ましい。
本発明の組成物の塗布後、基板を乾燥し、感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を形成してもよい。なお、必要により、感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜の下層に、各種下地膜(無機膜、有機膜、反射防止膜)を形成してもよい。
トップコート組成物は、感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜と混合せず、更にレジスト膜上層に均一に塗布できることが好ましい。トップコートは、特に限定されず、従来公知のトップコートを、従来公知の方法によって形成でき、例えば、特開2014-059543号公報の段落[0072]~[0082]の記載に基づいてトップコートを形成できる。
例えば、特開2013-61648号公報に記載されたような塩基性化合物を含むトップコートを、感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜上に形成することが好ましい。トップコートが含み得る塩基性化合物の具体的な例は、本発明の組成物が含んでいてもよい塩基性化合物が挙げられる。
トップコートは、エーテル結合、チオエーテル結合、水酸基、チオール基、カルボニル結合、及びエステル結合からなる群より選択される基又は結合を少なくとも1つ含む化合物を含むことも好ましい。
工程2は、感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を露光する工程である。
露光の方法としては、形成した感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜に所定のマスクを通して活性光線又は放射線を照射する方法が挙げられる。
活性光線又は放射線としては、赤外光、可視光、紫外光、遠紫外光、極紫外光、X線、及び電子線が挙げられ、250nm以下が好ましく、220nm以下がより好ましく、1~200nmの波長の遠紫外光、具体的には、KrFエキシマレーザー(248nm)、ArFエキシマレーザー(193nm)、F2エキシマレーザー(157nm)、EUV(13.5nm)、X線、及び電子ビームが特に好ましい。
加熱温度は80~150℃が好ましく、80~140℃がより好ましく、80~130℃が更に好ましい。
加熱時間は10~1000秒が好ましく、10~180秒がより好ましく、30~120秒が更に好ましい。
加熱は通常の露光機及び/又は現像機に備わっている手段で実施でき、ホットプレート等を用いて行ってもよい。
この工程は露光後ベークともいう。
工程3は、現像液を用いて、露光された感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を現像し、パターンを形成する工程である。
現像液は、アルカリ現像液であっても、有機溶剤を含有する現像液(以下、有機系現像液ともいう)であってもよい。
また、現像を行う工程の後に、他の溶剤に置換しながら、現像を停止する工程を実施してもよい。
現像時間は未露光部の樹脂が十分に溶解する時間であれば特に制限はなく、10~300秒が好ましく、20~120秒がより好ましい。
現像液の温度は0~50℃が好ましく、15~35℃がより好ましい。
有機系現像液に対する有機溶剤の含有量は、現像液の全量に対して、50質量%以上100質量%以下が好ましく、80質量%以上100質量%以下がより好ましく、90質量%以上100質量%以下が更に好ましく、95質量%以上100質量%以下が特に好ましい。
上記パターン形成方法は、工程3の後に、リンス液を用いて洗浄する工程を含むことが好ましい。
リンス液には、界面活性剤を適当量添加してもよい。
また、パターン形成方法は、リンス工程の後に加熱工程(Post Bake)を含んでいてもよい。本工程により、ベークによりパターン間及びパターン内部に残留した現像液及びリンス液が除去される。また、本工程により、レジストパターンがなまされ、パターンの表面荒れが改善される効果もある。リンス工程の後の加熱工程は、通常40~250℃(好ましくは90~200℃)で、通常10秒間~3分間(好ましくは30秒間~120秒間)行う。
基板(又は、下層膜及び基板)の加工方法は特に限定されないが、工程3で形成されたパターンをマスクとして、基板(又は、下層膜及び基板)に対してドライエッチングを行うことにより、基板にパターンを形成する方法が好ましい。ドライエッチングは、酸素プラズマエッチングが好ましい。
薬液配管としては、例えば、SUS(ステンレス鋼)、又は、帯電防止処理の施されたポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、若しくは、フッ素樹脂(ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、又は、パーフルオロアルコキシ樹脂等)で被膜された各種配管を使用できる。フィルター及びO-リングに関しても同様に、帯電防止処理の施されたポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、又は、フッ素樹脂(ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、又は、パーフルオロアルコキシ樹脂等)を使用できる。
本明細書は、上記したパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法、及びこの製造方法により製造された電子デバイスにも関する。
本明細書の電子デバイスの好適態様としては、電気電子機器(家電、OA(Office Automation)、メディア関連機器、光学用機器及び通信機器等)に搭載される態様が挙げられる。
樹脂(A)として、A-1~A-17を用いた。
A-1~A-17の構造を以下に示す。下記繰り返し単位の含有比率(樹脂中の全繰り返し単位に対する含有量)はモル比率である。
樹脂の重量平均分子量(Mw)及び分散度(Pd=Mw/Mn)はGPC(キャリア:テトラヒドロフラン(THF))により測定した(ポリスチレン換算量である)。また、繰り返し単位の含有量は、13C-NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance)により測定した。
化合物(B)として、以下のB-1~B-11を用いた。比較例には、以下のBX-1~BX-5を用いた。
光酸発生剤として、C-1~C-5を用いた。C-1~C-5の構造を以下に示す。
酸拡散制御剤として、D-1~D-7を用いた。
疎水性樹脂として、以下のP-1を用いた。繰り返し単位の含有比率(樹脂中の全繰り返し単位に対する含有量)はモル比率である。
界面活性剤としては、以下のものを用いた。
W-1: メガファックF176(大日本インキ化学工業(株)製;フッ素系)
W-2: メガファックR08(大日本インキ化学工業(株)製;フッ素及びシリコン系)
W-3: ポリシロキサンポリマーKP-341(信越化学工業(株)製;シリコン系)
W-4: トロイゾルS-366(トロイケミカル(株)製;フッ素系)
W-5: KH-20(旭硝子(株)製)
W-6: PolyFox PF-6320(OMNOVA Solutions Inc.製;フッ素系)
溶剤としては、以下のものを用いた。
SL-1: プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)
SL-2: プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルプロピオネート
SL-3: 2-ヘプタノン
SL-4: 乳酸エチル
SL-5: プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(PGME)
SL-6: シクロヘキサノン
SL-7: γ-ブチロラクトン
SL-8: プロピレンカーボネート
表1に示す成分を表1に示す質量(g)用い、表1に示す溶剤に溶解させ、固形分濃度2.5質量%の溶液を調製し、これを0.02μmのポアサイズを有するポリエチレンフィルターでろ過して、レジスト組成物R-1~R-23、R-x1~R-x6を得た。溶剤については使用した化合物の種類とその質量比を表1に記載した。
表1において、各成分を2種以上使用した場合は、それぞれの種類と使用量を「/」で区切って表した。例えば、レジスト組成物R-20で「A-2/A-14」は、樹脂(A)としてA-2とA-14の2種を使用したことを表し、「5/5」はA-2とA-14をそれぞれ5gずつ使用したことを表す。
調製したレジスト組成物を、予めヘキサメチルジシラザン(HMDS)処理を施した6インチSi(シリコン)ウェハ上に東京エレクトロン製スピンコーターMark8を用いて塗布し、130℃、300秒間ホットプレート上で乾燥して、膜厚100nmのレジスト膜を得た。
ここで、1インチは、0.0254mである。
なお、上記Siウェハをクロム基板に変更しても、同様の結果が得られるものである。
上記で得られたレジスト膜が塗布されたウェハを、電子線描画装置((株)アドバンテスト製;F7000S、加速電圧50keV)を用いて、パターン照射を行った。この際、1:1のラインアンドスペースが形成されるように描画を行った。電子線描画後、100℃、60秒ホットプレート上で加熱し、2.38質量%テトラメチルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド(TMAH)水溶液を用いて60秒間浸漬した後、30秒間、水でリンスして乾燥した。その後、4000rpmの回転数で30秒間ウェハを回転させた後、95℃で60秒間ベークを行い乾燥した。
以下のように疎密依存性について評価した。また、ラインウィズスラフネス(Line Width Roughness:LWR)性能、現像欠陥について評価した。LWR性能とはパターンのLWRを小さくできる性能のことを指す。
図1の10μm四方の領域1に、線幅50nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースのパターンを電子線描画し、100℃、60秒ホットプレート上で加熱し、現像した後に、線幅50nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースが形成される感度をDとした。
図2の10μm四方の領域2に、線幅50nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースのパターンを電子線描画し、更に、領域2の周囲の40μm四方の領域3の全面に電子線描画し、100℃、60秒ホットプレート上で加熱し、現像した後に、領域2に線幅50nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースが形成される感度をBとした。
感度の比であるD/Bを疎密依存性の評価指標とした。D/Bの値が小さいほど疎密依存性が少なく、良好な性能であることを示す。
得られたパターンの断面形状を走査型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所社製S-9380II)を用いて観察した。線幅50nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースのレジストパターンを解像するときの露光量を感度(Eop)とした。この値が小さいほど、感度が高い。
<LWR性能>
上記感度(Eop)を示す露光量にて解像した50nm(1:1)のラインアンドスペースのパターンに対して、測長走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM((株)日立製作所製S-9380II))を使用してパターン上部から観察した。パターンの線幅を任意のポイントで観測し、その標準偏差(σ)を求めた。線幅の測定ばらつきを3σで評価し、3σの値をLWR(nm)とした。LWRの値が小さいほどLWR性能が良好であることを示す。
上記感度(Eop)で形成した線幅50nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースパターンをケー・エル・エー・テンコール社製の欠陥検査装置KLA2360を用い、欠陥検査装置のピクセルサイズを0.16μmに、また閾値を20に設定して、ランダムモードで測定し、比較イメージとピクセル単位の重ね合わせによって生じる差異から抽出される現像欠陥を検出して、単位面積(1cm2)あたりの現像欠陥数を算出した。
値が0.5未満のものをA、0.5以上0.7未満のものをB、0.7以上1.0未満のものをC、1.0以上のものをDとした。値が小さいほど良好な性能であることを示す。
また、一般式(A-1)又は(A-2)で表される繰り返し単位や、一般式(A-3)で表される繰り返し単位を有する樹脂(A)、酸の作用により分解する基を有する光酸発生剤を併用している実施例(例えば、特に実施例8、11、14、22等)では、LWR性能や現像欠陥抑制性能にも優れることが分かった。
また、本発明により、上記感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いた感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜、パターン形成方法、及び電子デバイスの製造方法を提供することができる。
本出願は、2022年7月29日出願の日本特許出願(特願2022-1122350)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
2 領域2
3 領域3
Claims (11)
- 酸の作用により極性が増大する樹脂(A)および、下記一般式(B-1)で表される化合物(B)を含有する感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
一般式(B-1)中、
Xは炭素数4~20の不飽和結合を有する環式基を表す。
複数のRb1はそれぞれ独立して、-OH、-ORb3、-NRb4Rb5、-SH、又は-SRb6を表す。ただし、少なくとも1つのRb1は不飽和結合を形成する炭素原子に結合した-OH、-NHRb4’、又は-SHを表す。Rb3はアルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、アシルオキシ基、又はこれらの組み合わせからなる基を表す。Rb4、Rb5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、-CHO、又は互いに結合し含窒素複素環を形成する基を表す。Rb4’は、水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、アシル基、又は-CHOを表す。
Rb6はアルキル基、アリール基、又はアシル基を表す。複数のRb1は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
Rb2は置換基を表す。Rb2が複数存在するとき、複数のRb2は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、複数のRb2は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。Rb1と、Rb2は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
mは0~6の整数を表し、nは2~4の整数を表す。
前記一般式(B-1)で表される化合物は、ハロゲン原子を有さない。 - 前記樹脂(A)が下記一般式(A-1)又は(A-2)で表される繰り返し単位を有する
請求項1又は2に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
一般式(A-1)中、
Ra1~Ra3は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、又はアルコキシカルボニル基を表す。
La1は、芳香族基を有する2価の連結基を表す。
Ra4~Ra6は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、芳香族複素環式基、アラルキル基、又はアルケニル基を表す。なお、Ra4~Ra6のうち2つが互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
一般式(A-2)中、
Ra7~Ra9は、各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、又はアルコキシカルボニル基を表す。
La2は、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。
Araは、芳香環基を表す。
Ra10~Ra12は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、芳香族複素環式基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、又はアルケニル基を表す。
なお、Ra10~Ra12は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
また、Ra9~Ra12は、Araと結合してもよい。 - 前記一般式(B-1)において、Xが芳香族性を有する基である請求項1又は2に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- 前記一般式(B-1)において、Rb1のうち少なくとも一つが不飽和結合を形成する炭素原子に結合した-OHである、請求項1又は2に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- さらに、酸の作用により分解する基を有する塩(C)を含有する請求項1又は2に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物により形成された感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物により感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を形成する感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜形成工程と、前記感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を露光する露光工程と、露光された前記感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を現像液を用いて現像する現像工程とを含むパターン形成方法。
- 請求項10に記載のパターン形成方法を含む電子デバイスの製造方法。
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| JP2021076784A (ja) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-20 | 東京応化工業株式会社 | 化学増幅型感光性組成物の製造方法、化学増幅型感光性組成物調製用プレミックス液、化学増幅型感光性組成物、感光性ドライフィルムの製造方法及びパターン化されたレジスト膜の製造方法 |
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