WO2024048271A1 - 化学機械研磨用組成物及び研磨方法 - Google Patents
化学機械研磨用組成物及び研磨方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024048271A1 WO2024048271A1 PCT/JP2023/029521 JP2023029521W WO2024048271A1 WO 2024048271 A1 WO2024048271 A1 WO 2024048271A1 JP 2023029521 W JP2023029521 W JP 2023029521W WO 2024048271 A1 WO2024048271 A1 WO 2024048271A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
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- H10P52/00—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/32115—Planarisation
- H01L21/3212—Planarisation by chemical mechanical polishing [CMP]
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- H10P52/403—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a chemical mechanical polishing composition and a polishing method using the same.
- CMP Chemical mechanical polishing
- Some embodiments of the present invention provide a chemical mechanical polishing composition that can polish a surface to be polished containing silver as a wiring material at high speed and that can provide a surface to be polished with excellent high reflection characteristics;
- the present invention also provides a polishing method using the same.
- the component (A) may have a functional group represented by the following general formula (1). -SO 3 - M + ...(1) (M + represents a monovalent cation.)
- the zeta potential of the component (A) in the chemical mechanical polishing composition may be ⁇ 10 mV or less.
- the component (A) may have a functional group represented by the following general formula (2). -COO - M + ...(2) (M + represents a monovalent cation.)
- the zeta potential of the component (A) in the chemical mechanical polishing composition may be ⁇ 10 mV or less.
- the component (A) may have a functional group represented by the following general formula (3) or the following general formula (4). -NR 1 R 2 ...(3) -N + R 1 R 2 R 3 M - (4) (In the above formulas (3) and (4), R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group. M ⁇ represents an anion.)
- the component (A) in the chemical mechanical polishing composition may have a zeta potential of +10 mV or more.
- the pH may be 1 or more and 6 or less.
- the content of the component (A) may be 0.005% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition.
- the component (D) may have an azole structure.
- the method includes a step of polishing a semiconductor substrate using the chemical mechanical polishing composition of any of the above embodiments.
- the semiconductor substrate may include a portion containing silver.
- a surface to be polished containing silver as a wiring material can be polished at high speed, and the occurrence of corrosion and polishing scratches on the surface to be polished after polishing can be effectively prevented. Therefore, a surface to be polished with excellent high reflection characteristics can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an object to be processed suitable for use in the polishing method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the object to be processed at the end of the first polishing step.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the object to be processed at the end of the second polishing step.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus.
- wiring material refers to conductive metal materials such as aluminum, copper, silver, gold, cobalt, titanium, ruthenium, and tungsten.
- Insulating film material refers to materials such as silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, amorphous silicon, and hafnium oxide.
- Barrier metal material refers to a material such as tantalum nitride or titanium nitride that is used in a layered manner with a wiring material for the purpose of improving the reliability of wiring.
- a chemical mechanical polishing composition according to an embodiment of the present invention includes (A) abrasive grains (also referred to as “component (A)” herein), and (B) a liquid medium. (In this specification, also referred to as “component (B).”), (C) An oxidizing agent (In this specification, also referred to as “component (C).”), (D) Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound ( In the present specification, the chemical mechanical polishing composition contains the component (D) (also referred to as “component (D)”), and the absolute value of the zeta potential of the component (A) in the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 10 mV or more. Each component contained in the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to this embodiment will be described in detail below.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to this embodiment contains (A) abrasive grains.
- Component (A) is not particularly limited as long as it is an abrasive grain having an absolute value of zeta potential of 10 mV or more in the chemical mechanical polishing composition.
- the abrasive grains can be manufactured, for example, by applying the methods described in JP-A No. 2007-153732 and JP-A No. 2013-121631. By modifying at least a portion of the surface of the abrasive grains obtained in this way with a functional group, abrasive grains having an absolute value of zeta potential of 10 mV or more in a chemical mechanical polishing composition can be produced. .
- the absolute value of the zeta potential of component (A) in the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 10 mV or more, preferably 15 mV or more, and more preferably 20 mV or more.
- the absolute value of the zeta potential of component (A) in the chemical mechanical polishing composition is preferably 40 mV or less.
- the average secondary particle diameter of component (A) is preferably 5 nm or more and 200 nm or less, more preferably 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less.
- the average secondary particle diameter of component (A) can be determined by dynamic light scattering using, for example, "Zetasizer Ultra” manufactured by Malvern.
- the shape of component (A) is not particularly limited and may be spherical or non-spherical.
- the shape of component (A) is non-spherical, it is preferable that the shape has a plurality of protrusions on the surface.
- the protrusions here have a height and width that are sufficiently smaller than the particle diameter of the abrasive grains.
- the number of protrusions that component (A) has on its surface is preferably three or more, more preferably five or more, per abrasive grain on average.
- the fact that the component (A) has a shape with a plurality of protrusions on the surface can be said to be an abrasive grain having a unique shape such as a so-called confetti-like shape.
- the polishing speed of a silver-containing surface to be polished is improved compared to the case where spherical abrasive grains are used. Moreover, since the component (A) has such a unique shape, the surface area becomes large, and the reactivity with a compound having a functional group as described below increases. This increases the absolute value of the zeta potential of the component (A) in the chemical mechanical polishing composition and improves the dispersibility. As a result, the surface to be polished can be polished at high speed while reducing the occurrence of polishing scratches and dishing on the surface to be polished.
- component (A) contains silica as a main component.
- component (A) may further contain other components.
- Other components include aluminum compounds, silicon compounds, and the like.
- aluminum compound examples include aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide (alumina), aluminum chloride, aluminum nitride, aluminum acetate, aluminum phosphate, aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminate, potassium aluminate, and the like.
- silicon compounds include silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silicates, silicones, silicon resins, and the like.
- Component (A) is preferably an abrasive grain whose surface is at least partially modified with a functional group.
- Abrasive grains whose surfaces are at least partially modified with functional groups have a larger absolute value of zeta potential than abrasive grains whose surface is not modified with functional groups in the pH range of 1 to 6, and the abrasive grains The electrostatic repulsion between them increases. As a result, the dispersibility of the abrasive grains in the chemical mechanical polishing composition is improved, so that high-speed polishing can be performed while reducing the occurrence of polishing scratches and dishing on the surface to be polished.
- the first aspect of component (A) includes abrasive grains having a functional group represented by the following general formula (1). -SO 3 - M + ...(1) (M + represents a monovalent cation.)
- the monovalent cation represented by M + includes, but is not limited to, H + , Li + , Na + , K + , and NH 4 + .
- the functional group represented by the above general formula (1) can also be rephrased as "at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a sulfo group and a salt thereof.”
- a salt of a sulfo group is a salt in which the hydrogen ion contained in the sulfo group (-SO 3 H) is replaced with a monovalent cation such as Li + , Na + , K + , NH 4 + Refers to functional groups.
- Component (A) according to the first aspect is an abrasive grain having a functional group represented by the above general formula (1) fixed to the surface thereof through a covalent bond, and a functional group represented by the above general formula (1) is fixed to the surface thereof.
- Abrasive grains to which a compound having a functional group represented by is physically or ionically adsorbed are not included.
- Component (A) according to the first aspect can be produced as follows. First, silica particles are produced by applying the method described in JP-A No. 2007-153732 and JP-A No. 2013-121631. Next, the mercapto group-containing silane coupling agent is covalently bonded to the surface of the silica particles by thoroughly stirring the silica particles and the mercapto group-containing silane coupling agent in an acidic medium.
- examples of the mercapto group-containing silane coupling agent include 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like.
- abrasive grains having a functional group represented by the above general formula (1) can be obtained.
- the zeta potential of the component (A) according to the first aspect is a negative potential in the chemical mechanical polishing composition, and the negative potential is preferably -10 mV or less, more preferably -15 mV or less, Particularly preferably -20 mV or less.
- the electrostatic repulsion between the abrasive grains effectively prevents agglomeration of the particles, and at the same time, positive charges are generated during chemical mechanical polishing. In some cases, it may be possible to selectively polish a substrate that is contaminated.
- Examples of the zeta potential measuring device include "ELSZ-2000ZS" manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.
- the zeta potential of component (A) according to the first aspect can be adjusted by appropriately increasing or decreasing the amount of the above-mentioned mercapto group-containing silane coupling agent or the like.
- the content of the component (A) according to the first aspect is the total amount of the chemical mechanical polishing composition.
- the mass is 100% by mass, it is preferably 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.5% by mass or more.
- the content of component (A) according to the first aspect is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 8% by mass or less, when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass.
- the content is particularly preferably 5% by mass or less.
- a second aspect of component (A) includes abrasive grains having a functional group represented by the following general formula (2). -COO - M + ...(2) (M + represents a monovalent cation.)
- the monovalent cation represented by M + includes, but is not limited to, H + , Li + , Na + , K + , and NH 4 + . That is, the functional group represented by the above general formula (2) can also be rephrased as "at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a carboxy group and a salt thereof.”
- “carboxy group salt” refers to a functional group in which the hydrogen ion contained in the carboxy group (-COOH) is replaced with a monovalent cation such as Li + , Na + , K + , NH 4 +
- Component (A) according to the second aspect is an abrasive grain having a functional group represented by the above general formula (2) fixed to its surface via a covalent bond, and the above general formula (2) Abrasive grains to which a compound having a functional group represented by is physically or ionically adsorbed are not included.
- Component (A) according to the second aspect can be produced as follows. First, silica particles are produced by applying the method described in JP-A No. 2007-153732 and JP-A No. 2013-121631. Next, the silica particles and the carboxylic anhydride-containing silane coupling agent are sufficiently stirred in a basic medium to covalently bond the carboxylic anhydride-containing silane coupling agent to the surface of the silica particles. Abrasive grains having a functional group represented by formula (2) can be obtained.
- examples of the carboxylic anhydride-containing silane coupling agent include 3-(triethoxysilyl)propylsuccinic anhydride.
- the zeta potential of the component (A) according to the second aspect is a negative potential in the chemical mechanical polishing composition, and the negative potential is preferably -10 mV or less, more preferably -15 mV or less, Particularly preferably -20 mV or less.
- the electrostatic repulsion between the abrasive grains effectively prevents agglomeration of the particles, and at the same time prevents positive charges during chemical mechanical polishing. In some cases, it may be possible to selectively polish a substrate that is stained.
- the device described in the first aspect can be used as the zeta potential measuring device.
- the zeta potential of component (A) according to the second aspect can be adjusted by appropriately increasing or decreasing the amount of the above-mentioned carboxylic anhydride-containing silane coupling agent or the like.
- the content of the component (A) according to the second aspect is the total content of the chemical mechanical polishing composition.
- the mass is 100% by mass, it is preferably 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.5% by mass or more.
- the content of component (A) according to the second aspect is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 8% by mass or less, when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass.
- the content is particularly preferably 5% by mass or less.
- the third aspect of component (A) includes abrasive grains having a functional group represented by the following general formula (3) or the following general formula (4). -NR 1 R 2 ...(3) -N + R 1 R 2 R 3 M - (4) (In the above formula (3) and the above formula (4), R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group. M ⁇ represents an anion .)
- the functional group represented by the above general formula (3) represents an amino group
- the functional group represented by the above general formula (4) represents a salt of the amino group. Therefore, the functional group represented by the above general formula (3) and the functional group represented by the above general formula (4) are collectively defined as "at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of an amino group and a salt thereof. ” can also be rephrased.
- Component (A) according to the third aspect is an abrasive grain having a functional group represented by the above general formula (3) or the above general formula (4) fixed to the surface thereof through a covalent bond, and Abrasive grains to which a compound having a functional group represented by the above general formula (3) or the above general formula (4) is physically or ionically adsorbed are not included.
- the anions represented by M ⁇ include, but are not limited to, anions such as OH ⁇ , F ⁇ , Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , I ⁇ , CN ⁇ , and the like. Examples include anions derived from acidic compounds.
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, and two or more of R 1 to R 3 may be combined to form a ring structure.
- the hydrocarbon group represented by R 1 to R 3 may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an araliphatic hydrocarbon group, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group. Further, the aliphatic group of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be linear or branched. Examples of these hydrocarbon groups include linear, branched, and cyclic alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, aralkyl groups, and aryl groups.
- the alkyl group is preferably a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- alkyl groups include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, and n-pentyl group.
- the alkenyl group is preferably a lower alkenyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably a lower alkenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- alkenyl groups include vinyl, n-propenyl, iso-propenyl, n-butenyl, iso-butenyl, sec-butenyl, and tert-butenyl.
- the aralkyl group preferably has 7 to 12 carbon atoms.
- examples of such aralkyl groups include benzyl, phenethyl, phenylpropyl, phenylbutyl, phenylhexyl, methylbenzyl, methylphenethyl, and ethylbenzyl groups.
- the aryl group preferably has 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- aryl groups include phenyl group, o-tolyl group, m-tolyl group, p-tolyl group, 2,3-xylyl group, 2,4-xylyl group, 2,5-xylyl group, , 6-xylyl group, 3,5-xylyl group, naphthyl group, anthryl group, etc.
- the aromatic ring of the above aryl group and aralkyl group may have, for example, a lower alkyl group such as a methyl group or an ethyl group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxy group, etc. as a substituent.
- Component (A) according to the third aspect can be produced as follows. First, silica particles are produced by applying the method described in JP-A No. 2007-153732 and JP-A No. 2013-121631. Next, the silica particles and the amino group-containing silane coupling agent are thoroughly stirred in an acidic medium, and the amino group-containing silane coupling agent is covalently bonded to the surface of the silica particles. Abrasive grains having a functional group represented by formula (4) are obtained.
- the amino group-containing silane coupling agent include 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and the like.
- the zeta potential of component (A) according to the third aspect is a positive potential in the chemical mechanical polishing composition, and the positive potential is preferably +10 mV or more, more preferably +15 mV or more, and particularly preferably is +20mV or more.
- the electrostatic repulsion between the abrasive grains effectively prevents agglomeration of the particles, and also eliminates negative charges during chemical mechanical polishing. In some cases, it may be possible to selectively polish a substrate that is stained.
- the device described in the first aspect can be used as the zeta potential measuring device.
- the zeta potential of component (A) according to the third aspect can be adjusted by appropriately increasing or decreasing the amount of the above-mentioned amino group-containing silane coupling agent or the like.
- the content of the component (A) according to the third aspect is the total content of the chemical mechanical polishing composition.
- the mass is 100% by mass, it is preferably 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.5% by mass or more.
- the content of component (A) according to the third aspect is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 8% by mass or less, when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass.
- the content is particularly preferably 5% by mass or less.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to this embodiment contains (B) liquid medium.
- Component (B) includes water, a mixed medium of water and alcohol, a mixed medium containing water and an organic solvent having compatibility with water, and the like. Among these, it is preferable to use water or a mixed medium of water and alcohol, and it is more preferable to use water. Water is not particularly limited, but pure water is preferred. Water may be blended as the remainder of the constituent materials of the chemical mechanical polishing composition, and there is no particular restriction on the water content.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to this embodiment contains (C) an oxidizing agent.
- component (C) includes hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, perbenzoic acid, organic peroxides such as tert-butyl hydroperoxide, permanganate compounds such as potassium permanganate, and dichromium such as potassium dichromate.
- Examples include acid compounds, halogen oxides such as potassium iodate, nitric acid compounds such as iron nitrate, perhalogen oxides such as perchloric acid, persulfates such as ammonium persulfate, and heteropolyacids.
- halogen oxides such as potassium iodate
- nitric acid compounds such as iron nitrate
- perhalogen oxides such as perchloric acid
- persulfates such as ammonium persulfate
- heteropolyacids examples include acid compounds, halogen oxides such as potassium iodate, nitric acid compounds such as iron nitrate, perhalogen oxides such as perchloric acid, persulfates such as ammonium persulfate, and heteropolyacids.
- organic peroxides are preferred, and hydrogen peroxide is more preferred.
- These oxidizing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of component (C) in the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to the present embodiment is preferably 0.01% by mass or more when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass. , more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.4% by mass or more.
- the content of component (C) is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less, particularly preferably 1% by mass or less, when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass. % by mass or less.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to this embodiment contains (D) a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound.
- the component (D) adsorbs to the silver-containing surface to be polished, thereby protecting the surface to be polished. This can effectively reduce the occurrence of corrosion and polishing scratches on the surface to be polished after polishing, so that a surface to be polished with excellent high reflection characteristics can be obtained.
- a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound is an organic compound containing at least one type of heterocycle selected from five-membered heterocycles and six-membered heterocycles, each having at least one nitrogen atom.
- nitrogen-containing heterocycle examples include five-membered heterocycles such as a pyrrole structure, imidazole structure, and triazole structure; and six-membered heterocycles such as a pyridine structure, pyrimidine structure, pyridazine structure, and pyrazine structure. These heterocycles may form a fused ring. Specific examples include an indole structure, an isoindole structure, a benzimidazole structure, a benzotriazole structure, a quinoline structure, an isoquinoline structure, a quinazoline structure, a cinnoline structure, a phthalazine structure, a quinoxaline structure, and an acridine structure. Among the heterocyclic compounds having such a structure, those having a pyridine structure, a quinoline structure, a benzimidazole structure, or a benzotriazole structure are preferable.
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds include aziridine, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, pyrazine, triazine, pyrrole, imidazole, indole, quinoline, isoquinoline, benzisoquinoline, purine, pteridine, triazole, triazolidine, benzotriazole, carboxy
- benzotriazole and derivatives having these skeletons include benzotriazole and derivatives having these skeletons.
- compounds having an azole structure are preferred, and at least one selected from triazole, benzotriazole, carboxybenzotriazole, and derivatives having these skeletons is more preferred.
- These nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of component (D) in the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to the present embodiment is preferably 0.001% by mass or more when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass. , more preferably 0.005% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.01% by mass or more.
- the content of component (D) is preferably 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.1% by mass or less, particularly preferably 1% by mass or less when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass. is 0.07% by mass or less.
- the content ratio of the component (C) and the component (D) needs to be within a predetermined range.
- Mc/Md is The value is 10 or more, preferably 11 or more, more preferably 12 or more. Further, the value of Mc/Md is 200 or less, preferably 190 or less, and more preferably 185 or less.
- Mc/Md When the value of Mc/Md is within the above range, there is a good balance between the effect of high-speed polishing of the silver-containing surface to be polished and the effect of reducing the occurrence of corrosion and polishing scratches on the surface to be polished after polishing. Both of these effects can be achieved.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to the present embodiment may optionally contain organic acids and salts thereof, phosphoric esters, water-soluble polymers, surfactants, inorganic acids, and It may contain its salt, basic compound, etc.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to the present embodiment may contain at least one kind selected from the group consisting of organic acids and salts thereof (hereinafter also referred to as "organic acid (salt)").
- organic acids and their salts may be able to increase the polishing rate of silver-containing surfaces due to their synergistic effect with component (A).
- a compound having a carboxy group or a compound having a sulfo group is preferable.
- compounds having a carboxyl group include stearic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, myristic acid, alkenylsuccinic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, glycolic acid, phthalic acid, maleic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, and citric acid.
- Acid malic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, quinolinic acid, quinaldic acid, amidosulfuric acid, propionic acid, trifluoroacetic acid; glycine, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine, tryptophan, dodecylamino Amino acids such as ethylaminoethylglycine, aromatic amino acids, and heterocyclic amino acids; imino acids such as alkyliminodicarboxylic acids; and salts thereof.
- Examples of compounds having a sulfo group include alkylbenzenesulfonic acids such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid; alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acids such as butylnaphthalenesulfonic acid; and ⁇ -olefinsulfonic acids such as tetradecenesulfonic acid. Can be mentioned. These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the organic acid (salt) is, when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass, Preferably it is 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more.
- the content of the organic acid (salt) is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or less, when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to this embodiment may contain a phosphate ester. By adsorbing the phosphoric acid ester to the surface of the polished surface containing silver, it may be possible to enhance the effect of reducing the occurrence of dishing.
- polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphoric esters can be preferably used because they are particularly effective in reducing the occurrence of dishing.
- Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate is a nonionic anionic surfactant and can be represented by the following general formula (5). [R 4 -O-(CH 2 CH 2 O) n ] m -H 3-m PO 4-m (5)
- R 4 represents a hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms, n is 5 or more and less than 30, and m is 1 or 2.
- the hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms represented by R 4 is preferably an alkyl group having 10 or more carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the alkyl group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms include decyl group, isodecyl group, lauryl group, tridecyl group, cetyl group, oleyl group, stearyl group, and the like.
- the two R 4 's may be the same group or a plurality of groups may be combined.
- the molecular weight of such polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate is usually 400 or more.
- polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate esters include phosphoric acid monoester of polyoxyethylene decyl ether, phosphoric acid diester of polyoxyethylene decyl ether, phosphoric acid monoester of polyoxyethylene isodecyl ether, and polyoxyethylene ester.
- Examples include diester, phosphoric acid monoester of polyoxyethylene allyl phenyl ether, and phosphoric acid diester of polyoxyethylene allyl phenyl ether. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate esters include monoesters, diesters, etc., but in the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to the present embodiment, monoesters and diesters may be used alone. It may also be used as a mixture.
- the content of the phosphoric ester is preferably 0.5% when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass. 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.002% by mass or more.
- the content of the phosphate ester is preferably 0.1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.01% by mass or less, when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to this embodiment may contain a water-soluble polymer.
- the water-soluble polymer adsorbs onto the surface of the surface to be polished that contains silver, reduces polishing friction, and may reduce the occurrence of dishing of the surface to be polished.
- water-soluble polymers include polycarboxylic acid, polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyether, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethyleneimine, polyallylamine, hydroxyethyl cellulose, etc. . These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 5,000 or more and 800,000 or less, more preferably 7,000 or more and 100,000 or less.
- the "weight average molecular weight” refers to the weight average molecular weight in terms of polyethylene glycol measured by GPC (gel permeation chromatography).
- the content of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 100% by mass when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass. It is 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.002% by mass or more.
- the content of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 0.1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.01% by mass or less, when the total mass of the chemical mechanical polishing composition is 100% by mass.
- the surfactant is not particularly limited, and anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, etc. can be used.
- anionic surfactant include sulfates such as alkyl ether sulfates and polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfates; fluorine-containing surfactants such as perfluoroalkyl compounds.
- cationic surfactant include aliphatic amine salts and aliphatic ammonium salts.
- nonionic surfactant examples include nonionic surfactants having a triple bond such as acetylene glycol, acetylene glycol ethylene oxide adduct, and acetylene alcohol; polyethylene glycol type surfactants, and the like. These surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the inorganic acid is preferably at least one selected from hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid. Note that the inorganic acid may form a salt with a base that is separately added in the chemical mechanical polishing composition.
- Basic compounds include organic bases and inorganic bases.
- the organic base is preferably an amine, such as triethylamine, monoethanolamine, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, benzylamine, methylamine, ethylenediamine, diglycolamine, isopropylamine, and the like.
- Examples of the inorganic base include ammonia, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and the like. Among these basic compounds, ammonia and potassium hydroxide are preferred. These basic compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the pH of the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to this embodiment is preferably 1 or more and 6 or less, more preferably 1 or more and 5 or less, particularly preferably 2 or more and 4 or less.
- the absolute value of the zeta potential of component (A) in the chemical mechanical polishing composition increases, improving dispersibility, thereby reducing polishing scratches and the like on the silver-containing surface to be polished. High-speed polishing is possible while reducing the occurrence of dishing.
- pH of the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to the present embodiment can be adjusted by appropriately increasing or decreasing the content of organic acids and salts thereof, inorganic acids and salts thereof, and basic compounds, as necessary. can.
- pH refers to the hydrogen ion index, and its value is measured using a commercially available pH meter (for example, a desktop pH meter manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.) at 25°C and 1 atm. can be measured.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to the present embodiment is suitable as a polishing material for chemical mechanical polishing of a semiconductor substrate having a plurality of types of materials constituting a semiconductor device.
- the semiconductor substrate to be polished includes silver, which is a conductive metal, as well as insulating film materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, amorphous silicon, and polysilicon, and barrier metal materials such as titanium, titanium nitride, and tantalum nitride. You can leave it there.
- the target to be polished with the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to the present embodiment is preferably a semiconductor substrate having a silver-containing portion.
- a specific example of such a semiconductor substrate is a semiconductor substrate in which a tantalum nitride film, which is a barrier metal, and a silicon oxide film, which is an insulating film, are formed on the base of a silver film, which is a conductive metal, as shown in FIG. Can be mentioned.
- a semiconductor substrates can be polished at high speed, and the occurrence of corrosion and polishing scratches on the surface to be polished after polishing can be effectively reduced, resulting in high reflection. A polished surface with excellent properties can be obtained.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to the present embodiment can be prepared by dissolving or dispersing the above-mentioned components in a liquid medium such as water.
- the method for dissolving or dispersing is not particularly limited, and any method may be used as long as it can be uniformly dissolved or dispersed. Further, there are no particular restrictions on the mixing order or mixing method of each of the above-mentioned components.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition according to the present embodiment can also be prepared as a concentrated stock solution and diluted with a liquid medium such as water before use.
- a polishing method includes a step of polishing a semiconductor substrate using the chemical mechanical polishing composition described above.
- a semiconductor substrate includes a portion containing silver.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition described above can polish a silver-containing surface at high speed, and can effectively reduce the occurrence of corrosion and polishing scratches on the surface after polishing, so it has excellent high reflection properties.
- a polished surface is obtained.
- the surface to be polished may include a barrier metal film containing tantalum, titanium, or the like and/or an insulating film such as silicon oxide or hafnium oxide.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an object to be processed suitable for use in the polishing method according to the present embodiment.
- the object to be processed 100 is formed through the following steps (1) to (4).
- a base 10 is prepared.
- the base body 10 may be composed of, for example, a silicon substrate and a silicon oxide film formed thereon. Furthermore, a functional device such as a transistor (not shown) may be formed on the base 10. Next, a silicon oxide film 12, which is an insulating film, is formed on the base 10 using a thermal oxidation method.
- a tantalum nitride film 14 is formed on the silicon oxide film 12.
- the tantalum nitride film 14 can be formed, for example, by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD).
- a photosensitive resist film is formed on the tantalum nitride film 14 using a spin coater, selectively exposed to light using a photomask, and developed.
- plasma is irradiated to etch the portions where there is no resist. After that, the protected resist is removed.
- a 16,000 ⁇ thick silver film 16 is deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD).
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the object to be processed 100 at the end of the first polishing step.
- the first polishing step is a step of roughly polishing the silver film 16 using a chemical mechanical polishing composition that can polish the silver film 16 at high speed.
- surface defects called dishing as shown in FIG. 2 may occur on the surface of the silver film 16.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the object to be processed 100 at the end of the second polishing step.
- the second polishing step is a step of polishing the tantalum nitride film 14 and the silver film 16 to planarize them using the chemical mechanical polishing composition (of the present invention) described above.
- the chemical mechanical polishing composition (of the present invention) described above can control the polishing rates of the tantalum nitride film 14 and the silver film 16 in a well-balanced manner, thereby reducing the occurrence of dishing of the silver film 16 and removing exposed nitride.
- the tantalum film 14 and the silver film 16 can be flattened by polishing at high speed and in a well-balanced manner. Furthermore, since the chemical mechanical polishing composition (of the present invention) has good dispersibility of the component (A), it is possible to reduce the occurrence of polishing scratches on the surface to be polished.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing the polishing apparatus 200.
- the slurry (chemical-mechanical polishing composition) 44 is supplied from the slurry supply nozzle 42, and the turntable 48 to which the polishing pad 46 is attached is rotated. This is done by bringing the carrier head 52 holding the semiconductor substrate 50 into contact with it.
- FIG. 4 also shows the water supply nozzle 54 and the dresser 56.
- the polishing load of the carrier head 52 can be selected within the range of 0.7 to 70 psi, preferably 1.5 to 35 psi. Further, the rotation speed of the turntable 48 and the carrier head 52 can be appropriately selected within the range of 10 to 400 rpm, preferably 30 to 150 rpm.
- the flow rate of the slurry (chemical mechanical polishing composition) 44 supplied from the slurry supply nozzle 42 can be selected within the range of 10 to 1,000 mL/min, preferably 50 to 400 mL/min.
- polishing devices include, for example, models “EPO-112" and “EPO-222” manufactured by Ebara Corporation; models “LGP-510” and “LGP-552” manufactured by Lapmaster SFT; and models “LGP-510” and “LGP-552” manufactured by Applied Materials.
- Preparation of abrasive grains ⁇ Preparation of abrasive grains A> A thiolated silica sol was obtained by mixing 5 kg of high-purity colloidal silica manufactured by Fuso Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (product number: PL-1; silica concentration 12% by mass) and 6 g of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and heating under reflux for 2 hours. Ta. Hydrogen peroxide was added to the silica sol and heated under reflux for 8 hours to oxidize the surfaces of the silica particles and immobilize the sulfo groups.
- ⁇ Preparation of abrasive grain B> A thiolated silica sol was obtained by mixing 5 kg of high-purity colloidal silica manufactured by Fuso Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (product number: PL-3; silica concentration 20% by mass) and 6 g of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and heating under reflux for 2 hours. Ta. Hydrogen peroxide was added to the silica sol and heated under reflux for 8 hours to oxidize the surfaces of the silica particles and immobilize the sulfo groups.
- ⁇ Preparation of abrasive grain C> After dispersing 900 g of high-purity colloidal silica manufactured by Fuso Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (product number: PL-3; silica concentration 20% by mass) in a mixed solvent of 100 g of pure water and 2850 g of methanol, 50 g of 29% aqueous ammonia was added. 40.0 g of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propylsuccinic anhydride was added to this dispersion, and the mixture was refluxed at the boiling point for 6 hours. Thereafter, methanol and ammonia were replaced with water while maintaining the volume of the dispersion by adding pure water.
- ⁇ Preparation of abrasive grains D> After dispersing 1000g of high-purity colloidal silica manufactured by Fuso Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (product number: PL-3; silica concentration 20% by mass) in a mixed solvent of 100g of pure water and 2850g of methanol, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane 5. 0 g was added, and the mixture was refluxed at the boiling point for 4 hours. Thereafter, methanol was replaced with water while maintaining the volume of the dispersion by adding pure water. When the tower top temperature reached 100°C, the addition of pure water was terminated, and the dispersion was left to stand until the temperature was lowered to 30°C or lower. In this way, a dispersion containing 15% by mass of abrasive grains D having an average primary particle diameter of 46 nm and an average secondary particle diameter of 69 nm and whose silica surface was modified with an amino group was obtained.
- the average secondary particle diameter of the abrasive grains A to D was determined by dynamic light scattering using "Zetasizer Ultra” manufactured by Malvern.
- Tables 1 and 2 show the results of measuring the zeta potential of the abrasive grains of each of the chemical mechanical polishing compositions thus obtained using a zeta potential measuring device (manufactured by Malvern, model “Zetasizer Ultra”). Also shown.
- the thickness of the silver film and tantalum nitride film is determined by measuring the resistance using a resistivity measuring device (manufactured by Kokusai Electric Semiconductor Service Co., Ltd., model "VR300DEC") using the DC 4-probe method, and comparing this sheet resistance value with that of the silver or tantalum nitride film. It was calculated from the volume resistivity using the following formula.
- Film thickness ( ⁇ ) [Volume resistivity of silver or tantalum nitride film ( ⁇ m) ⁇ Sheet resistance value ( ⁇ ))] ⁇ 10 10
- the thickness of the silicon oxide film was calculated by measuring the refractive index using a non-contact optical film thickness measuring device (manufactured by SCREEN Holdings, model "VM-1310").
- the evaluation criteria for polishing rate are as follows. Tables 1 and 2 also show the polishing rates of the silver film, tantalum nitride film, and silicon oxide film, as well as the evaluation results of the polishing rates.
- the evaluation criteria for the reflectance of the silver film are as follows. The evaluation results are also shown in Tables 1 and 2. (Evaluation criteria) - "A”...When the reflectance was 92% or more, it was judged that the silver film surface had little corrosion and polishing scratches and was good. - "B”...When the reflectance was less than 92%, it was determined that the silver film surface had many corrosion or polishing scratches and was defective.
- Tables 1 and 2 show the compositions of the chemical mechanical polishing compositions of each Example and each Comparative Example, as well as each evaluation result.
- a silver-containing surface to be polished can be polished at high speed, and corrosion and polishing scratches can be effectively prevented from occurring on the surface to be polished after polishing. It was found that it is possible to obtain a polished surface with excellent high reflection characteristics.
- the chemical mechanical polishing compositions of Comparative Examples 1 and 3 have a Mc/Md value of less than 10 or do not contain component (C). It has been found that in such cases, the polishing rate of the silver film is significantly reduced.
- the chemical mechanical polishing compositions of Comparative Examples 2 and 4 have a Mc/Md value of 200 or more or do not contain component (D). It has been found that in such cases, the occurrence of corrosion and polishing scratches on the surface to be polished after polishing cannot be suppressed, and the reflectance of the silver film decreases.
- the chemical mechanical polishing compositions of Comparative Examples 5 and 6 are examples in which the absolute value of the zeta potential of the component (A) is less than 10 mV. It has been found that in such cases, component (A) tends to aggregate, and the aggregated abrasive grains cause polishing scratches on the surface of the silver film, resulting in a decrease in the reflectance of the silver film.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible.
- the present invention includes configurations that are substantially the same as those described in the embodiments (for example, configurations that have the same functions, methods, and results, or configurations that have the same objectives and effects).
- the present invention includes a configuration in which non-essential parts of the configuration described in the embodiments are replaced.
- the present invention includes a configuration that has the same effects or a configuration that can achieve the same purpose as the configuration described in the embodiment.
- the present invention includes a configuration in which known technology is added to the configuration described in the embodiment.
- SYMBOLS 10 Substrate, 12... Silicon oxide film, 14... Tantalum nitride film, 16... Silver film, 42... Slurry supply nozzle, 44... Slurry (chemical mechanical polishing composition), 46... Polishing pad, 48... Turntable, 50... Semiconductor substrate, 52... Carrier head, 54... Water supply nozzle, 56... Dresser, 100... Processing object, 200... Polishing device
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Abstract
Description
(A)砥粒と、
(B)液状媒体と、
(C)酸化剤と、
(D)含窒素複素環化合物と、
を含有する化学機械研磨用組成物であって、
前記化学機械研磨用組成物中の前記(A)成分のゼータ電位の絶対値が10mV以上であり、
前記(C)成分の含有量をMc(質量%)、前記(D)成分の含有量をMd(質量%)とした場合、Mc/Md=10~200である。
前記(A)成分が、下記一般式(1)で表される官能基を有してもよい。
-SO3 -M+ ・・・・・(1)
(M+は1価の陽イオンを表す。)
前記化学機械研磨用組成物中の前記(A)成分のゼータ電位が-10mV以下であってもよい。
前記(A)成分が、下記一般式(2)で表される官能基を有してもよい。
-COO-M+ ・・・・・(2)
(M+は1価の陽イオンを表す。)
前記化学機械研磨用組成物中の前記(A)成分のゼータ電位が-10mV以下であってもよい。
前記(A)成分が、下記一般式(3)又は下記一般式(4)で表される官能基を有してもよい。
-NR1R2 ・・・・・(3)
-N+R1R2R3M- ・・・・・(4)
(上記式(3)及び(4)中、R1、R2及びR3は各々独立して、水素原子、又は置換もしくは非置換の炭化水素基を表す。M-は陰イオンを表す。)
前記化学機械研磨用組成物中の前記(A)成分のゼータ電位が+10mV以上であってもよい。
pHが1以上6以下であってもよい。
前記化学機械研磨用組成物の全質量に対して、前記(A)成分の含有量が0.005質量%以上15質量%以下であってもよい。
前記(D)成分が、アゾール構造を有してもよい。
前記いずれかの態様の化学機械研磨用組成物を用いて半導体基板を研磨する工程を含む。
前記半導体基板が、銀を含有する部位を備えていてもよい。
本発明の一実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、(A)砥粒(本明細書において、「(A)成分」ともいう。)と、(B)液状媒体(本明細書において、「(B)成分」ともいう。)と、(C)酸化剤(本明細書において、「(C)成分」ともいう。)と、(D)含窒素複素環化合物(本明細書において、「(D)成分」ともいう。)と、を含有し、化学機械研磨用組成物中の前記(A)成分のゼータ電位の絶対値が10mV以上である。以下、本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物に含まれる各成分について詳細に説明する。
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、(A)砥粒を含有する。(A)成分は、化学機械研磨用組成物中におけるゼータ電位の絶対値が10mV以上である砥粒であれば特に制限されない。
(A)成分の第1の態様としては、下記一般式(1)で表される官能基を有する砥粒が挙げられる。
-SO3 -M+ ・・・・・(1)
(M+は1価の陽イオンを表す。)
(A)成分の第2の態様としては、下記一般式(2)で表される官能基を有する砥粒が挙げられる。
-COO-M+ ・・・・・(2)
(M+は1価の陽イオンを表す。)
(A)成分の第3の態様としては、下記一般式(3)又は下記一般式(4)で表される官能基を有する砥粒が挙げられる。
-NR1R2 ・・・・・(3)
-N+R1R2R3M- ・・・・・(4)
(上記式(3)及び上記式(4)中、R1、R2及びR3は各々独立して、水素原子、又は置換もしくは非置換の炭化水素基を表す。M-は陰イオンを表す。)
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、(B)液状媒体を含有する。(B)成分としては、水、水及びアルコールの混合媒体、水及び水との相溶性を有する有機溶媒を含む混合媒体等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、水、水及びアルコールの混合媒体を用いることが好ましく、水を用いることがより好ましい。水としては、特に制限されるものではないが、純水が好ましい。水は、化学機械研磨用組成物の構成材料の残部として配合されていればよく、水の含有量については特に制限はない。
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、(C)酸化剤を含有する。(C)成分を含有することにより、銀を含有する被研磨面を酸化させて脆弱な改質層を作り出し、該被研磨面を高速研磨することができる。(C)成分としては、過酸化水素、過酢酸、過安息香酸、tert-ブチルハイドロパーオキサイド等の有機過酸化物、過マンガン酸カリウム等の過マンガン酸化合物、重クロム酸カリウム等の重クロム酸化合物、ヨウ素酸カリウム等のハロゲン酸化物、硝酸鉄等の硝酸化合物、過塩素酸等の過ハロゲン酸化物、過硫酸アンモニウム等の過硫酸塩、及びヘテロポリ酸が挙げられる。これらの中でも、有機過酸化物が好ましく、過酸化水素がより好ましい。これらの酸化剤は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、(D)含窒素複素環化合物を含有する。(D)成分が銀を含有する被研磨面に吸着することで、該被研磨面が保護される。これにより、研磨後の被研磨面における腐蝕や研磨傷の発生を効果的に低減することができるので、高反射特性に優れた被研磨面が得られる。含窒素複素環化合物とは、少なくとも1個の窒素原子を有する、複素五員環及び複素六員環から選択される少なくとも1種の複素環を含む有機化合物のことである。含窒素複素環としては、ピロール構造、イミダゾール構造、トリアゾール構造等の複素五員環;ピリジン構造、ピリミジン構造、ピリダジン構造、ピラジン構造等の複素六員環が挙げられる。これらの複素環は、縮合環を形成していてもよい。具体的には、インドール構造、イソインドール構造、ベンゾイミダゾール構造、ベンゾトリアゾール構造、キノリン構造、イソキノリン構造、キナゾリン構造、シンノリン構造、フタラジン構造、キノキサリン構造、アクリジン構造等が挙げられる。このような構造を有する複素環化合物のうち、ピリジン構造、キノリン構造、ベンゾイミダゾール構造、ベンゾトリアゾール構造を有する複素環化合物が好ましい。
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、前述の各成分の他、必要に応じて、有機酸及びその塩、リン酸エステル、水溶性高分子、界面活性剤、無機酸及びその塩、塩基性化合物等を含有してもよい。
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、有機酸及びその塩からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種(以下、「有機酸(塩)」ともいう。)を含有してもよい。有機酸及びその塩は、(A)成分との相乗効果により、銀を含有する被研磨面の研磨速度をより大きくできる場合がある。
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、リン酸エステルを含有してもよい。リン酸エステルは、銀を含有する被研磨面の表面に吸着することで、ディッシングの発生を低減させる効果を高めることができる場合がある。
[R4-O-(CH2CH2O)n]m-H3-mPO4-m ・・・・・(5)
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、水溶性高分子を含有してもよい。水溶性高分子は、銀を含有する被研磨面の表面に吸着して研磨摩擦を低減させ、被研磨面のディッシングの発生を低減できる場合がある。
界面活性剤としては、特に制限されず、アニオン性界面活性剤、カチオン性界面活性剤、非イオン性界面活性剤等を使用することができる。アニオン性界面活性剤としては、例えば、アルキルエーテル硫酸塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル硫酸塩等の硫酸塩;パーフルオロアルキル化合物等の含フッ素系界面活性剤等が挙げられる。カチオン性界面活性剤としては、例えば、脂肪族アミン塩、脂肪族アンモニウム塩等が挙げられる。非イオン性界面活性剤としては、例えば、アセチレングリコール、アセチレングリコールエチレンオキサイド付加物、アセチレンアルコール等の三重結合を有する非イオン性界面活性剤;ポリエチレングリコール型界面活性剤等が挙げられる。これらの界面活性剤は、1種単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
無機酸としては、塩酸、硝酸、硫酸、及びリン酸から選択される少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。なお、無機酸は、化学機械研磨用組成物中で別途添加した塩基と塩を形成してもよい。
塩基性化合物としては、有機塩基及び無機塩基が挙げられる。有機塩基としては、アミンが好ましく、例えばトリエチルアミン、モノエタノールアミン、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド、テトラブチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド、ベンジルアミン、メチルアミン、エチレンジアミン、ジグリコールアミン、イソプロピルアミン等が挙げられる。無機塩基としては、例えばアンモニア、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム等が挙げられる。これらの塩基性化合物の中でも、アンモニア、水酸化カリウムが好ましい。これらの塩基性化合物は、1種単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物のpHは、好ましくは1以上6以下であり、より好ましくは1以上5以下であり、特に好ましくは2以上4以下である。pHが前記範囲内にあると、化学機械研磨用組成物中の(A)成分のゼータ電位の絶対値が大きくなることで分散性が向上するため、銀を含有する被研磨面における研磨傷やディッシングの発生を低減しながら高速研磨することができる。
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、半導体装置を構成する複数種の材料を有する半導体基板を化学機械研磨するための研磨材料として好適である。研磨対象となる半導体基板は、導電体金属である銀の他、酸化シリコン、窒化シリコン、アモルファスシリコン、ポリシリコン等の絶縁膜材料や、チタン、窒化チタン、窒化タンタル等のバリアメタル材料を有していてもよい。
本実施形態に係る化学機械研磨用組成物は、水等の液状媒体に上述の各成分を溶解又は分散させることにより調製することができる。溶解又は分散させる方法は、特に制限されず、均一に溶解又は分散できればどのような方法を適用してもよい。また、上述の各成分の混合順序や混合方法についても特に制限されない。
本発明の一実施形態に係る研磨方法は、上述した化学機械研磨用組成物を用いて半導体基板を研磨する工程を含む。かかる半導体基板は、銀を含有する部位を備えていることが好ましい。上述した化学機械研磨用組成物は、銀を含有する被研磨面を高速研磨でき、かつ、研磨後の被研磨面における腐蝕や研磨傷の発生を効果的に低減できるので、高反射特性に優れた被研磨面が得られる。該被研磨面には、タンタルやチタンなどを含有するバリアメタル膜及び/又は酸化シリコンや酸化ハフニウムなどの絶縁膜を含んでいてもよい。以下、本実施形態に係る研磨方法の一具体例について、図面を用いて詳細に説明する。
図1は、本実施形態に係る研磨方法の使用に適した被処理体を模式的に示した断面図である。被処理体100は、下記工程(1)~工程(4)を経ることにより形成される。
2.2.1.第1研磨工程
図2は、第1研磨工程終了時での被処理体100を模式的に示した断面図である。図2に示すように、第1研磨工程は、銀膜16を高速研磨できる化学機械研磨用組成物を用いて銀膜16を粗方研磨する工程である。第1研磨工程では、銀膜を高速研磨できる化学機械研磨用組成物を用いるために、銀膜16の表面に図2に示すようなディッシングと呼ばれる表面欠陥が発生することがある。
図3は、第2研磨工程終了時での被処理体100を模式的に示した断面図である。図3に示すように、第2研磨工程は、上述の(本発明の)化学機械研磨用組成物を用いて窒化タンタル膜14及び銀膜16を平坦化するために研磨する工程である。上述の(本発明の)化学機械研磨用組成物は、窒化タンタル膜14及び銀膜16の研磨速度をバランスよく制御することができるので、銀膜16のディッシングの発生を低減し、露出した窒化タンタル膜14及び銀膜16を高速かつバランスよく研磨することにより平坦化することができる。また、上述(本発明の)化学機械研磨用組成物は、(A)成分の分散性が良好であるため、被研磨面における研磨傷の発生を低減することができる。
上述の第1研磨工程及び第2研磨工程には、例えば図4に示すような研磨装置200を用いることができる。図4は、研磨装置200を模式的に示した斜視図である。上述の第1研磨工程及び第2研磨工程は、スラリー供給ノズル42からスラリー(化学機械研磨用組成物)44を供給し、かつ、研磨用パッド46が貼付されたターンテーブル48を回転させながら、半導体基板50を保持したキャリアーヘッド52を当接させることにより行う。なお、図4には、水供給ノズル54及びドレッサー56も併せて示してある。
以下、本発明を実施例により説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。なお、本実施例における「部」及び「%」は、特に断らない限り質量基準である。
<砥粒Aの調製>
扶桑化学工業社製の高純度コロイダルシリカ(品番:PL-1;シリカ濃度12質量%)5kgと3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン6gを混合し、2時間加熱還流することにより、チオール化シリカゾルを得た。そのシリカゾルに、過酸化水素を加えて8時間加熱還流することにより、シリカ粒子の表面を酸化させてスルホ基を固定化した。このようにして平均一次粒子径20nm、平均二次粒子径38nmの、シリカ表面をスルホ基で修飾した砥粒Aを12質量%含有する分散体を得た。
扶桑化学工業社製の高純度コロイダルシリカ(品番:PL-3;シリカ濃度20質量%)5kgと3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン6gを混合し、2時間加熱還流することにより、チオール化シリカゾルを得た。そのシリカゾルに、過酸化水素を加えて8時間加熱還流することにより、シリカ粒子の表面を酸化させてスルホ基を固定化した。このようにして平均一次粒子径45nm、平均二次粒子径68nmの、シリカ表面をスルホ基で修飾した砥粒Bを20質量%含有する分散体を得た。
純水100g、メタノール2850gの混合溶媒中に扶桑化学工業社製の高純度コロイダルシリカ(品番:PL-3;シリカ濃度20質量%)を900g分散させた後、29%アンモニア水を50g加えた。この分散液中に3-(トリエトキシシリル)プロピルコハク酸無水物40.0gを加え、沸点で6時間還流した。その後、純水を追加して分散液の容積を保ちながらメタノール及びアンモニアを水置換した。分散液のpHが8.5以下かつ塔頂温が100℃に達した時点で純水添加を終了した。分散液を放置して温度を30℃以下とした。このようにして平均一次粒子径47nm、平均二次粒子径69nmの、シリカ表面をカルボキシ基で修飾した砥粒Cを14質量%含有する分散体を得た。
純水100g、メタノール2850gの混合溶媒中に扶桑化学工業社製の高純度コロイダルシリカ(品番:PL-3;シリカ濃度20質量%)を1000g分散させた後、3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン5.0gを加え、沸点で4時間還流した。その後、純水を追加して分散液の容積を保ちながらメタノールを水置換した。塔頂温が100℃に達した時点で純水添加を終了し、分散液を放置して温度を30℃以下とした。このようにして平均一次粒子径46nm、平均二次粒子径69nmの、シリカ表面をアミノ基で修飾した砥粒Dを15質量%含有する分散体を得た。
砥粒A~Dの平均一次粒子径は、特開2004-315300号公報に記載の方法に従い算出した。具体的には、砥粒の分散体をそれぞれホットプレートの上で予備乾燥後、800℃で1時間熱処理して窒素吸着法(BET法、Microtrac社製「BELSORP MR6」)により比表面積を測定し、シリカの真比重を2.2として一次粒子径(nm)=2727/比表面積(m2/g)の計算式により算出した。砥粒A~Dの平均二次粒子径は、Malvern社製の「Zetasizer Ultra」を使用して動的光散乱法により算出して求めた。
表1~表2に記載された砥粒を所定濃度となるように容量10Lのポリエチレン製の瓶に添加し、表1~表2に示す組成となるように各成分を添加し、さらに表1~表2に示すpHとなるようにアンモニア(富士フイルム和光純薬社製、商品名「アンモニア水」)水溶液で調整し、全成分の合計量が100質量%となるように(B)液状媒体としての純水を添加して調整することにより、各実施例及び各比較例の化学機械研磨用組成物を調製した。このようにして得られた各化学機械研磨用組成物について、ゼータ電位測定装置(マルバーン社製、型式「Zetasizer Ultra」)を用いて砥粒のゼータ電位を測定した結果を表1~表2に併せて示す。
3.3.1.研磨速度評価
上記で得られた化学機械研磨用組成物を用いて、直径12インチの銀膜6000Å付きウェハ、直径12インチの窒化タンタル膜2000Å付きウェハ、直径12インチの酸化シリコン膜10000Å付きウェハをそれぞれ被処理体として、下記の研磨条件で30秒間の化学機械研磨試験を行った。
<研磨条件>
・研磨装置:G&P TECHNOLOGY社製、型式「POLI-762L」
・研磨用パッド:ニッタ・デュポン社製、「IC1000XYP」
・化学機械研磨用組成物供給速度:300mL/分
・定盤回転数:87rpm
・ヘッド回転数:93rpm
・ヘッド押し付け圧:2psi
・研磨速度(Å/分)=(研磨前の膜の厚さ(Å)-研磨後の膜の厚さ(Å))/研磨時間(分)
膜の厚さ(Å)=[銀あるいは窒化タンタル膜の体積抵抗率(Ω・m)÷シート抵抗値(Ω))]×1010
酸化シリコン膜の厚さは、非接触式光学式膜厚測定装置(SCREENホールディングス社製、型式「VM―1310」)を用いて屈折率を測定することによって算出した。
(評価基準)
・「A」…銀膜の研磨速度が500Å/分以上である場合、実際の半導体研磨において配線の研磨時間を大幅に短縮できるため、良好であると判断した。
・「B」…銀膜の研磨速度が500Å/分未満である場合、研磨速度が小さく、実用に供することが困難であるため、不良であると判断した。
上記で得られた化学機械研磨用組成物を用いて、直径12インチの銀膜6000Å付きウェハを被処理体として、下記の研磨条件で30秒間の化学機械研磨試験を行った。銀の腐蝕や研磨傷が発生した場合、銀の反射率が低くなるため、反射率の評価により銀膜の研磨面の腐食と研磨傷を評価することができる。
<研磨条件>
・研磨装置:G&P TECHNOLOGY社製、型式「POLI-762L」
・研磨用パッド:ニッタ・デュポン社製、「IC1000XYP」
・化学機械研磨用組成物供給速度:300mL/分
・定盤回転数:87rpm
・ヘッド回転数:93rpm
・ヘッド押し付け圧:2psi
非接触式光学式膜厚測定装置(フィルメトリクス社製、型式「F40-UV」)を用いて459nmの反射率を測定した。
(評価基準)
・「A」…反射率が92%以上である場合、銀膜表面の腐食と研磨傷が少なく良好であると判断した。
・「B」…反射率が92%未満である場合、銀膜表面の腐食あるいは研磨傷が多く不良であると判断した。
表1~表2に、各実施例及び各比較例の化学機械研磨用組成物の組成、並びに各評価結果を示す。
<砥粒>
・砥粒A:上記で調製した表面がスルホ基で修飾されたコロイダルシリカ、平均二次粒子径38nm
・砥粒B:上記で調製した表面がスルホ基で修飾されたコロイダルシリカ、平均二次粒子径68nm
・砥粒C:上記で調製した表面がカルボキシ基で修飾されたコロイダルシリカ、平均二次粒子径69nm
・砥粒D:上記で調製した表面がアミノ基で修飾されたコロイダルシリカ、平均二次粒子径69nm
・PL-1:扶桑化学工業社製、超高純度非修飾コロイダルシリカ、平均二次粒子径40nm
・PL-3:扶桑化学工業社製、超高純度非修飾コロイダルシリカ、平均二次粒子径70nm
<酸化剤>
・過酸化水素:富士フイルム和光純薬社製、商品名「過酸化水素」
<含窒素複素環化合物>
・ベンゾトリアゾール:城北化学社製、商品名「BT-120SG」
・2,2’―[[(メチル-1H-ベンゾトリアゾール-1-イル)メチル]イミノ]ビスエタノール:城北化学社製、商品名「TT-LYK」
・カルボキシベンゾトリアゾール:城北化学社製、商品名「CBT-SG」
・1,2,4-トリアゾール:東京化成工業社製、商品名「1,2,4-Triazole」
・1-(2,3-ジカルボキシプロピル)ベンゾトリアゾール:城北化学社製、商品名「BT-250」
<酸>
・硝酸:富士フイルム和光純薬社製、商品名「硝酸(1.38)」
<その他の添加剤>
(塩基性化合物)
・テトラエチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド:東京化成工業社製、商品名「Tetraethylammonium Hydroxide (10% in Water)」
(水溶性高分子)
・ポリアクリル酸:東亜合成社製、商品名「ジュリマーAC-10L」
・ポリビニルピロリドン:東京化成工業社製、商品名「Polyvinylpyrrolidone K 15 Average Molecular Wt. 10000」
・ポリエチレングリコール:東邦化学工業社製、商品名「PEG-400」
(リン酸エステル)
・ポリオキシエチレンアリルフェニルフォスフェートアミン塩:竹本油脂社製、商品名「ニューカルゲンFS-3AQ」(20%水溶液)
(有機酸)
・クエン酸:扶桑化学工業社製、商品名「精製クエン酸(結晶)L」
Claims (12)
- (A)砥粒と、
(B)液状媒体と、
(C)酸化剤と、
(D)含窒素複素環化合物と、
を含有する化学機械研磨用組成物であって、
前記化学機械研磨用組成物中の前記(A)成分のゼータ電位の絶対値が10mV以上であり、
前記(C)成分の含有量をMc(質量%)、前記(D)成分の含有量をMd(質量%)とした場合、Mc/Md=10~200である、化学機械研磨用組成物。 - 前記(A)成分が、下記一般式(1)で表される官能基を有する、請求項1に記載の化学機械研磨用組成物。
-SO3 -M+ ・・・・・(1)
(M+は1価の陽イオンを表す。) - 前記化学機械研磨用組成物中の前記(A)成分のゼータ電位が-10mV以下である、請求項2に記載の化学機械研磨用組成物。
- 前記(A)成分が、下記一般式(2)で表される官能基を有する、請求項1に記載の化学機械研磨用組成物。
-COO-M+ ・・・・・(2)
(M+は1価の陽イオンを表す。) - 前記化学機械研磨用組成物中の前記(A)成分のゼータ電位が-10mV以下である、請求項4に記載の化学機械研磨用組成物。
- 前記(A)成分が、下記一般式(3)又は下記一般式(4)で表される官能基を有する、請求項1に記載の化学機械研磨用組成物。
-NR1R2 ・・・・・(3)
-N+R1R2R3M- ・・・・・(4)
(上記式(3)及び(4)中、R1、R2及びR3は各々独立して、水素原子、又は置換もしくは非置換の炭化水素基を表す。M-は陰イオンを表す。) - 前記化学機械研磨用組成物中の前記(A)成分のゼータ電位が+10mV以上である、請求項6に記載の化学機械研磨用組成物。
- pHが1以上6以下である、請求項1に記載の化学機械研磨用組成物。
- 前記化学機械研磨用組成物の全質量に対して、前記(A)成分の含有量が0.005質量%以上15質量%以下である、請求項1に記載の化学機械研磨用組成物。
- 前記(D)成分が、アゾール構造を有する、請求項1に記載の化学機械研磨用組成物。
- 請求項1ないし請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の化学機械研磨用組成物を用いて半導体基板を研磨する工程を含む、研磨方法。
- 前記半導体基板が、銀を含有する部位を備える、請求項11に記載の研磨方法。
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| JP2006519490A (ja) * | 2003-02-27 | 2006-08-24 | キャボット マイクロエレクトロニクス コーポレイション | 貴金属のcmp方法 |
| JP2008300858A (ja) * | 2008-07-15 | 2008-12-11 | Fujifilm Corp | 金属用研磨液及び研磨方法 |
| JP2014069260A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Fujimi Inc | 研磨用組成物 |
| WO2014175393A1 (ja) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-10-30 | 日立化成株式会社 | Cmp用研磨液及びこれを用いた研磨方法 |
| JP5760317B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-05 | 2015-08-05 | 日立化成株式会社 | Cmp研磨液及びこのcmp研磨液を用いた研磨方法 |
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| TW202132527A (zh) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-09-01 | 日商Jsr股份有限公司 | 化學機械研磨用組成物及研磨方法 |
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| JP2008300858A (ja) * | 2008-07-15 | 2008-12-11 | Fujifilm Corp | 金属用研磨液及び研磨方法 |
| JP5760317B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-05 | 2015-08-05 | 日立化成株式会社 | Cmp研磨液及びこのcmp研磨液を用いた研磨方法 |
| JP2014069260A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Fujimi Inc | 研磨用組成物 |
| WO2014175393A1 (ja) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-10-30 | 日立化成株式会社 | Cmp用研磨液及びこれを用いた研磨方法 |
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| TWI859998B (zh) | 2024-10-21 |
| TW202412093A (zh) | 2024-03-16 |
| JP7468811B1 (ja) | 2024-04-16 |
| US20250346784A1 (en) | 2025-11-13 |
| CN119343748A (zh) | 2025-01-21 |
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