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WO2023124388A1 - 中药材萃取物及其制备方法与用途 - Google Patents

中药材萃取物及其制备方法与用途 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023124388A1
WO2023124388A1 PCT/CN2022/124991 CN2022124991W WO2023124388A1 WO 2023124388 A1 WO2023124388 A1 WO 2023124388A1 CN 2022124991 W CN2022124991 W CN 2022124991W WO 2023124388 A1 WO2023124388 A1 WO 2023124388A1
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Prior art keywords
extract
leaves
chinese medicinal
agarwood
medicinal material
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾铭堂
温淑卿
曾筱荺
徐士昌
温国河
曾子豪
王艺蓁
翁锦魁
庄哲仁
黄啸谷
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Chi Don Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Chi Don Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Priority to US18/725,674 priority Critical patent/US20250073296A1/en
Priority to CN202280055306.XA priority patent/CN117881410A/zh
Publication of WO2023124388A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023124388A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
    • A61K36/483—Gleditsia (locust)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/54—Lauraceae (Laurel family), e.g. cinnamon or sassafras
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/83—Thymelaeaceae (Mezereum family), e.g. leatherwood or false ohelo
    • A61K36/835—Aquilaria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
    • A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation or decoction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/37—Extraction at elevated pressure or temperature, e.g. pressurized solvent extraction [PSE], supercritical carbon dioxide extraction or subcritical water extraction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
    • A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
    • A61K2236/53—Liquid-solid separation, e.g. centrifugation, sedimentation or crystallization
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of extracts of Chinese medicinal materials, in particular to an extract of Chinese medicinal materials and its preparation method and application.
  • Coronavirus is a zoonotic RNA virus that spreads between animals and humans. It is spherical or oval in shape under an electron microscope. It is called a coronavirus because of its protruding cystic collagen fibers, which resemble a crown. The genome size of coronaviruses is 26,000 to 32,000 base pairs, making it the largest type of RNA virus with the largest genome.
  • the novel coronavirus SARS-COV-2 (originally reported as COVID-19 and officially named SARS-COV-2 by the Coronavirus Research Group based on kinship, taxonomy, and convention) is a new virus strain, SARS-COV -2
  • the viral spike protein (Spike Protein) binds to human cell surface receptors, and through the 3CLpro protease that is cut from the protein chain produced by viral gene transcription, and then produces various important proteins inside the virus, allowing the virus to continue to infect with copy.
  • novel coronavirus epidemic is raging, common signs of novel coronavirus infection include respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, and even death in more severe cases. Drugs for associated symptoms or diseases.
  • the present invention provides an extract of Chinese medicinal materials and its preparation method and application.
  • the medicament containing the extract of Chinese medicinal materials By taking the medicament containing the extract of Chinese medicinal materials, the efficacy of treating symptoms or diseases related to coronavirus can be achieved.
  • the invention provides an extract of Chinese medicinal materials, which includes an active ingredient, which is composed of any one of agarwood, saponins, horned thorns, cinnamon leaves, camphor leaves or a combination thereof.
  • the active ingredient when the active ingredient is composed of the agarwood, the saponin, the horn thorn, the cinnamon leaf and the camphor leaf, the agarwood, the saponin, the horn thorn, the cinnamon leaf and the camphor leaf, the agarwood, the saponin, the horn thorn, the cinnamon leaf and the camphor
  • the weight ratio of leaves is 1-5:1-5:1-5:1-5:1-5.
  • the weight ratio of the agarwood, the saponins, the horn thorns, the cinnamon leaves and the camphor leaves is 1:1:1:1:1.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a preparation method of Chinese medicinal material extract, which comprises the following steps: 1. Extraction step: extract any one or The combined raw materials and ultrapure water are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:5 to 1:10, and heated for extraction to obtain an extract, wherein the extraction temperature is between 90°C and 110°C, and the extraction time is between 1.5 hours to 2.5 hours; a filtering step: filtering the extract; and a drying step: vacuum freeze-drying the extract to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
  • the raw material when the raw material is composed of the agarwood, the saponin, the horn thorn, the cinnamon leaf and the camphor leaf, the agarwood, the saponin, the horn thorn, the cinnamon leaf and the camphor leaf, the agarwood, the saponin, the horn thorn, the cinnamon leaf and the camphor leaf
  • the weight ratio is 1-5:1-5:1-5:1-5:1-5.
  • the weight ratio of the agarwood, the saponins, the horn thorns, the cinnamon leaves and the camphor leaves is 1:1:1:1:1.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a use of the above-mentioned extract of Chinese herbal medicine for preparing a medicament for treating symptoms or diseases related to coronavirus.
  • the active ingredient of the extract of Chinese herbal medicine is cinnamon leaf.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a use of the above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine extract for preparing a medicament for interfering with SARS-COV-2 spinin.
  • the active ingredient of the Chinese herbal medicine extract is cinnamon leaf.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a use of the above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine extract for preparing a medicament for inhibiting the activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease, and the active ingredient of the Chinese herbal medicine extract is cinnamon leaf.
  • the half-inhibitory concentration IC 50 of the agent is in the range of 10-15 ⁇ g/mL.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a use of the above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine extract for preparing a medicament for treating symptoms or diseases related to coronavirus.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a use of the above-mentioned extracts of Chinese herbal medicines for preparing a medicament for interfering with the spike protein of SARS-COV-2.
  • the half-effect concentration EC 50 value of the agent is in the range of 20-30 ⁇ g/mL.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a use of the above-mentioned Chinese medicinal material extract for preparing a medicament for inhibiting the activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease.
  • the half-inhibitory concentration IC 50 of the agent ranges from 26 to 40 ⁇ g/mL.
  • the application of the extract of Chinese herbal medicines includes mouthwash, oronasal inhalation or oral capsule.
  • coronavirus spike protein Spike Protein
  • human angiotensin-converting enzyme Human Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2, hACE2
  • Fig. 1 is the preparation flow chart of the extract of Chinese herbal medicine extract of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is the result of the intervention analysis of the Chinese herbal extracts in the first embodiment of the present invention on the combination of SARS-COV-2 spike protein and hACE2 synthesized in vitro.
  • Fig. 3 is the analysis result of the half-inhibitory concentration IC 50 of the Chinese medicinal material extract of the first embodiment of the present invention on the combination of SARS-COV-2 spike protein and hACE2 synthesized in vitro.
  • Fig. 4 is the half effect concentration EC 50 analysis result of the Chinese herbal medicine extract of the first embodiment of the present invention in combination with the SARS-COV-2 pseudovirus and SmBiT-ACE2 expressing cells.
  • Fig. 5 is the analysis result of the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease activity by the Chinese medicinal material extract of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is the analysis result of the half-inhibitory concentration IC 50 of the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease activity by the Chinese herbal medicine extract according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is the half-inhibitory concentration IC 50 analysis result of the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease activity by the Chinese herbal medicine extract according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • S1 extraction step
  • S2 filtration step
  • S3 drying step.
  • the invention provides an extract of Chinese medicinal materials and a preparation method thereof.
  • the extract of Chinese medicinal materials contains an active ingredient.
  • the active ingredient is composed of any one of agarwood, saponins, horned thorns, cinnamon leaves, and camphor leaves, or a combination thereof.
  • the active ingredient is any one single Chinese herbal medicine among agarwood, saponins, horn thorns, cinnamon leaves and camphor leaves.
  • the active ingredient is any two compound Chinese herbal medicines of agarwood, saponins, horn thorns, cinnamon leaves or camphor leaves, selected from agarwood and saponins, agarwood and horn thorns, agarwood and cinnamon leaves, agarwood Combination with any of camphor leaves, saponins and thorns, saponins and cinnamon leaves, saponins and camphor leaves, thorns and cinnamon leaves, thorns and camphor leaves, and cinnamon leaves and camphor leaves.
  • the active ingredient is any three compound Chinese herbal medicines of agarwood, saponins, horned thorns, cinnamon leaves or camphor leaves, such as the combination of agarwood, saponins and horned thorns, agarwood, saponins, and cinnamon leaves combination, or any combination of agarwood, saponins and camphor leaves.
  • the active ingredient is any four compound Chinese herbal medicines among agarwood, saponins, thorns, cinnamon leaves or camphor leaves, such as the combination of agarwood, saponins, thorns and cinnamon leaves, or saponins , any combination of horn thorns, cinnamon leaves, and camphor leaves.
  • the active ingredients are composed of agarwood, saponins, horn thorns, cinnamon leaves and camphor leaves, and the weight ratio of agarwood, saponins, horn thorns, cinnamon leaves and camphor leaves is 1-5:1 ⁇ 5:1 ⁇ 5:1 ⁇ 5:1 ⁇ 5 is preferable, and in this embodiment, the weight ratio of agarwood, saponins, horn thorns, cinnamon leaves and camphor leaves is 1:1:1:1:1.
  • Agarwood is taken from the dicotyledonous plant medicine Daphneaceae plant Agarwood or white woody wood that contains resin. Studies have confirmed that agarwood has obvious antibacterial effect in pharmacology; in this embodiment, the agarwood wood is selected from Vietnam or Taiwan Aquilaria sinensis, and in other possible embodiments, Vietnam agarwood (Aquilaria sinensis) can also be used Aquilaria crassna), or Indonesian agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis), Yunnan agarwood (Aquilaria yunnanensis) any one of them.
  • Gleditsia sinensis is taken from the leguminous plant Gleditsia sinensis, which is the mature fruit pod of Gleditsia sinensis. Gleditsia sinensis has the functions of dispelling stubborn phlegm, opening and closing the orifices, expelling wind and killing insects. Pharmacologically, it has inhibitory effect on bacteria.
  • the horn thorns are taken from the leguminous plant saponins, which are the thorns of the acacia.
  • the horn thorns have the functions of reducing swelling, detoxifying, purging pus, and killing insects.
  • the horn thorns can extract flavonoids (Flavonoids), phenols (Phenols), and amino groups. Acid (Amino Acid), horn thorn extract has antibacterial and disinfection pharmacologically.
  • Cinnamon leaves are taken from Cinnamomum osmophloeum, a plant in the Lauraceae family. It has the functions of dispelling cold and relieving pain, promoting blood circulation, and invigorating the stomach.
  • Camphor leaves are taken from Cinnamomum camphora, a plant of the family Lauraceae, which has the functions of expelling wind, dehumidification, detoxification, and killing insects.
  • the extract of camphor leaves has antibacterial and disinfecting effects in pharmacology.
  • Fig. 1 is the preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine extract of the present invention, and it comprises the following steps:
  • An extraction step S1 First, mix a raw material containing any one of agarwood, saponins, horn thorns, cinnamon leaves, camphor leaves, or a combination thereof with ultrapure water at a weight ratio of 1:5 to 1:10 , wherein, the weight ratio of raw materials and ultrapure water is preferably 1:10. After mixing the raw materials and ultrapure water, freeze them in a liquid nitrogen bucket and then melt them at room temperature, and perform a freeze-thaw cycle to break the raw materials. cell wall, and then heat the raw material and ultrapure water for extraction to obtain an extract, wherein the extraction temperature is between 90°C to 110°C, preferably 100°C, and the extraction time is 1.5 hours to 2.5 hours, preferably 2 hours .
  • Filtration step S2 After the extract is cooled, filter the extract; in this embodiment, filter in 4 steps to obtain the filtered extract, first coarsely filter the extract; then use a centrifuge to Centrifuge the extract after coarse filtration, and collect the supernatant after centrifugation.
  • the centrifugation speed is 7,000-15,000 rpm, and the centrifugation time is 3-10 minutes. Among them, the centrifugation speed is 10,000 rpm, and the centrifugation time is 5 minutes.
  • a drying step S3 After the filtering step, place the filtered extract in an environment of -35 to -10°C to form a frozen state, and vacuum freeze-dry the frozen extract to obtain a Chinese medicinal material extract, wherein, The extracts of Chinese herbal medicines are freeze-dried powders, which are convenient for preservation and preparation in application.
  • the extracts of Chinese herbal medicines can be prepared into aqueous solutions of different concentrations relative to the solvent, wherein the solvent used in the preparation can be water, reverse osmosis water, deionized water, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol or other suitable and less irritating solvents.
  • the solvent used in the preparation can be water, reverse osmosis water, deionized water, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol or other suitable and less irritating solvents.
  • the weight ratio of horns, horn thorns, cinnamon leaves and camphor leaves is 1:1:1:1:1;
  • the analysis results include SARS-COV-2 Spike protein and Human Angiotensin-converting enzyme (Human Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2, hACE2) binding intervention ability, and the detailed steps and results of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease activity inhibition ability, the numerical bars presented in all analysis results are the mean ⁇ standard deviation of 50 repeated experiments.
  • the spike protein of SARS-COV-2 plays an important role in the mechanism of the virus entering human cells.
  • the Chinese medicinal materials of the present invention are evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, ELISA).
  • Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay ELISA
  • the potential inhibitory effect and intervention ability of the extract on the combination of the full sequence of spike protein of SARS-COV-2 (Wuhan strain) and hACE2; among them, the hACE2 used in the experiment is an in vitro synthesized protein.
  • echinoside solution 500 ng/mL; CAT.GTX135972-pro, GeneTex, Taipei, Taiwan, China
  • the protein solution was poured into a 96-well microanalysis plate, and the microanalysis plate was sealed and kept at 4°C overnight.
  • a washing buffer solution composed of 0.05% (v/v) phosphate buffer solution and Tween-20 to wash the 96-well micro-analysis plate that has been injected with spinin solution. After washing three times in total, it will not be able to adhere to the 96-well micro-analysis plate.
  • the echinin solution from the assay plate was removed.
  • ELISA signal amplifier Streptavidin-HRP 100 ⁇ L of ELISA signal amplifier Streptavidin-HRP (100 ng/mL; cat. GTX30949, GeneTex, Taipei, Taiwan, China) was added and incubated at 37° C. for 1 hour.
  • TMB chromogenic substrate 200 ⁇ L was added to each well of the 96-well microanalysis plate, and incubated at 37°C for 1 hour in a dark environment. After the reaction is complete, use 50 ⁇ L of stop solution to terminate the reaction. And use a microplate reader (Microplate reader) to measure the absorbance value at a wavelength of 450nm.
  • FIG. 2 it is the result of the intervention of the Chinese medicinal material extract of the present invention and the inhibitor (RBD antibody) on the binding of SARS-COV-2 spike protein and hACE2 respectively.
  • the control group is adding hACE2 to the SARS-COV-2 spike protein coating, and the SARS-COV-2 spike protein The coating will produce a strong colorimetric signal after adding hACE2, and the binding efficiency is 100%.
  • the experimental group is the intervention effect of adding different concentrations of Chinese medicinal material extracts on the binding of SARS-COV-2 spike protein and hACE2.
  • the Chinese medicinal material extract of the present invention is subjected to nonlinear regression analysis on the binding efficiency of SARS-COV-2 spike protein and hACE2, wherein, after 50 experiments, the half inhibitory concentration IC of the Chinese medicinal material extract of the present invention (Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentration) ranges from 7210 to 10850 ⁇ g/mL, and its half-inhibitory concentration IC50 preferably has an average value of 9024 ⁇ g/mL, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the results show that the Chinese herbal medicine extract of the present invention effectively inhibits the binding efficiency of spinin and hACE2 in a dose-dependent manner.
  • the present invention further neutralizes the Chinese herbal medicine extract with the SARS-COV-2 pseudovirus.
  • the solvent used is deionized water with a concentration of 250 mg/mL of the Chinese herbal medicine extract, and the test conditions are tested in the following table.
  • HeLa expressing SmBiT-ACE2 cells, SARS-COV-2 pseudovirus and different doses of Chinese medicinal material extracts were co-cultured for 6 hours, and the same amount of PBS solution was used as the control group. After 24 hours of culture, the cells were washed twice with PBS solution , and finally use NanoLuc for bioluminescent detection.
  • the test results are shown in the table below.
  • the following table shows the neutralization data of Chinese herbal extracts and SARS-COV-2 pseudoviruses. It can be seen from the results that the minimum dose of Chinese herbal extracts that blocks SARS-COV-2 infected cells is 50 ⁇ g/ mL, and the blocking rate is as high as 95%.
  • Figure 4 shows the half-effect concentration EC 50 analysis results of Chinese herbal medicine extracts on the combination of SARS-COV-2 pseudovirus and HeLa SmBiT-ACE2 expressing cells, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine extracts have no effect on SARS-COV-2 -2 Pseudovirus exhibits dose-dependent neutralizing activity.
  • the half-effect concentration EC 50 (Concentration For 50% of Maximal Effect) value ranges from 20 to 30 ⁇ g/mL, and its half-effect concentration EC 50 has a better average value of 24.5 ⁇ g/mL. mL.
  • SARS-CoV-2 3CLprotease is an enzyme involved in the synthesis and replication of viral RNA.
  • the effect of the Chinese herbal medicine extract of the present invention on SARS-CoV-2 is assessed by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). 3CLpro protease activity inhibitory ability.
  • FRET Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
  • DABCYL-TSAVLQSGFRKMG-EDANS Genomics, Taiwan, China
  • SARS CoV-2 3CLpro SARS CoV-2 3CLpro
  • the half-inhibitory concentration IC50 of the Chinese herbal medicine extract of the present invention inhibits the activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease ranges from 26 to 40 ⁇ g/mL, and the preferred average value of the half-inhibition concentration IC50 is 32.61 ⁇ 4.226 ⁇ g/mL, as shown in Figure 6, the results show that the Chinese herbal medicine extract of the present invention has a dose-dependent ability to reduce the relative activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro, showing that the Chinese herbal medicine extract of the present invention has the ability to target The therapeutic potential of SARS-CoV-2.
  • the active ingredient of the Chinese medicinal material extract is cinnamon leaf
  • the analytical result is the result of the ability to inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease
  • the detailed steps are the same as those described in the first embodiment above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the numerical bars presented in all the analysis results are the average values ⁇ standard deviations obtained from 50 repeated experiments.
  • the half -inhibitory concentration IC of the Chinese herbal medicine extract of the present invention inhibited the activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease ranged from 10 to 15 ⁇ g/mL, and its half-inhibitory concentration IC
  • the preferred average value of 50 is 13.08 ⁇ 0.73 ⁇ g/mL.
  • the concentration of the Chinese herbal extract when the concentration of the Chinese herbal extract was 25 ⁇ g/mL and 50 ⁇ g/mL, it could inhibit 69% and 83% of the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease activity respectively, while the Chinese herbal extract When the concentration of the drug is 80 ⁇ g/mL, it can inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protease by 100%.
  • the cinnamon leaf extract is relatively excellent in inhibiting the activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CLprotease. Therefore, the present invention can produce pharmacological effects through the active ingredients of different compositions and different proportions, through single or compound prescriptions. It is formulated to target coronavirus-related symptoms or diseases, and enhance and expand the curative effect according to the severity of symptoms, so as to achieve the best therapeutic effect.
  • the weight ratio of cinnamon leaves to agarwood, saponins, horn thorns and camphor leaves can be 1.5:1:1:1:1, or 2:1:1:1:1, or 2.5 :1:1:1, or 3:1:1:1:1, or 3.5:1:1:1:1, or 4:1:1:1:1, or 4.5:1 :1:1:1, or 5:1:1:1:1.
  • agarwood has the effects of promoting qi and relieving pain, lowering the reverse and regulating the middle, warming the kidney and inhaling qi, dredging the meridians to calm the mind, sedative and analgesic, etc.
  • the pods have the effects of dispelling stubborn phlegm, opening and closing the orifices, expelling wind and killing insects; It has the effects of detumescence, detoxification, pus drainage, and insecticide; camphor leaf has the effects of expelling wind, dehumidification, detoxification, and insecticide.
  • a formula with a lower weight ratio of cinnamon leaves and a higher weight ratio of agarwood, saponins, horn thorns and camphor leaves can be used to improve such as analgesic, expectorant, swelling, dehumidification, etc. Effect.
  • the Chinese herbal extract of the present invention can be used to prepare a medicament for treating coronavirus-related symptoms or diseases, wherein the medicament comprises the Chinese herbal extract of the present invention and a medically acceptable carrier.
  • the aforesaid “carrier” refers to a commonly used drug carrier in the medical field, such as fillers, binders, diluents, excipients, acceptors or the like, which are well known to those skilled in the field of pharmaceutical manufacturing.
  • the dosage form of the medicament includes mouthwash, oronasal inhalation or oral capsule, but is not limited thereto.
  • mouthwash containing Chinese herbal extracts by using mouthwash containing Chinese herbal extracts, the residual virus in the mouth and throat can be combined and spit out to remove the coronavirus;
  • the capillaries of the human body or the microvessels of the lungs absorb the extracts of Chinese herbal medicines to eliminate coronaviruses; while taking oral capsules containing extracts of Chinese herbal medicines, the extracts of Chinese herbal medicines can be directly absorbed and utilized by the human body through the stomach to eliminate coronaviruses.
  • the dosage of the medicament prepared from the extract of Chinese medicinal materials can be determined by relevant medical personnel according to the common knowledge in the technical field according to factors such as the patient's age, weight, health status, and disease progression.
  • the medicines prepared from the aforementioned extracts of Chinese herbal medicines can also be administered alone or co-administered with other medicines, and the course of administration should be carried out according to the routine methods in medicine by doctors or relevant persons.

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Abstract

一种治疗冠状病毒相关症状或疾病的中药材萃取物及其制备方法与用途，中药材萃取物由沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶、樟叶制成。

Description

中药材萃取物及其制备方法与用途 技术领域
本发明是关于一种中药材萃取物的技术领域，尤指一种中药材萃取物及其制备方法与用途。
背景技术
冠状病毒(Coronavirus)是一种在动物与人类之间传播的人畜共通RNA病毒，在电子显微镜下呈现球状或椭圆形状，因外观具有囊状胶原纤维突出，形似皇冠状，而称为冠状病毒，冠状病毒的基因组大小在26000～32000个碱基对，是基因组规模最大的一类RNA病毒。
新型冠状病毒SARS-COV-2(最初经报导为COVID-19，并由冠状病毒研究组基于亲缘关系、分类学及惯例正式命名为SARS-COV-2)为一种新病毒株，SARS-COV-2以病毒棘蛋白(Spike Protein)与人类细胞表面受体结合，并通过自病毒基因转录而产生的蛋白链所切剪的3CLpro蛋白酶，进而产生病毒内部各个重要的蛋白质，让病毒得以继续感染与复制。
随着新型冠状病毒疫情肆虐，常见的新型冠状病毒感染迹象包括呼吸道症状、发烧、咳嗽、呼吸急促或是呼吸困难，更严重的情况下甚至会导致死亡，因此，目前迫切需要可用于治疗冠状病毒相关症状或疾病的药物。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种中药材萃取物及其制备方法与用途，通过服用含有中药材萃取物的药剂，即可实现治疗冠状病毒相关症状或疾病的功效。
本发明提供一种中药材萃取物，其包括一有效成分，有效成分由一沉香、一皂角、一角刺、一肉桂叶、一樟叶的其中任一种或其组合所组成。
本发明另一实施例，当该有效成分为该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶所组成，该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶的重量比为1～5：1～5：1～5：1～5：1～5。
本发明另一实施例，该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶的重量比为1：1：1：1：1。
本发明另一实施例提供一种中药材萃取物的制备方法，其包括以下步骤所制成：一萃取步骤：将含有沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶、樟叶的其中任一种或其组合的一原料以及超纯水以1：5至1：10的重量比进行混合，并加热进行萃取以取得一萃取液，其中，萃取温度介于90℃～110℃，萃取时间介于1.5小时～2.5小时；一过滤步骤：对该萃取液进行过滤；以及一干燥步骤：对该萃取液进行真空冷冻干燥以取得该中药材萃取物。
本发明另一实施例，当该原料为该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶所组成，该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶的重量比为1～5：1～5：1～5：1～5：1～5。
本发明另一实施例，该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶的重量比为1：1：1：1：1。
本发明另一实施例提供一种以上述中药材萃取物用于制备一治疗冠状病毒相关症状或疾病的药剂的用途，中药材萃取物的所述有效成分为肉桂叶。
本发明另一实施例提供一种以上述中药材萃取物用于制备一干预SARS-COV-2的棘蛋白的药剂的用途，中药材萃取物的所述有效成分为肉桂叶。
本发明另一实施例提供一种以上述中药材萃取物用于制备一抑制SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性的药剂的用途，中药材萃取物的所述有效成分为肉桂叶。
本发明另一实施例，该药剂的半抑制浓度IC 50值范围介于10～15μg/mL。
本发明另一实施例提供一种以上述中药材萃取物用于制备一治疗冠状病毒相关症状或疾病的药剂的用途。
本发明另一实施例提供一种以上述中药材萃取物用于制备一干预SARS-COV-2的棘蛋白的药剂的用途。
本发明另一实施例，该药剂的半效应浓度EC 50值范围介于20～30μg/mL。
本发明另一实施例提供一种以上述中药材萃取物用于制备一抑制SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性的药剂的用途。
本发明另一实施例，该药剂的半抑制浓度IC 50值范围介于26～40μg/mL。
本发明另一实施例，所述的中药材萃取物的用途，该药剂的剂型包括漱口水、口鼻吸入剂或口服胶囊。
借此，通过服用含有中药材萃取物的药剂，即可有效干预冠状病毒的棘蛋白(Spike Protein)与人类细胞表面的人体血管收缩素转换酶(Human Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2,hACE2)结合，并抑制冠状病毒的3CLpro蛋白酶活性，而实现治疗冠状病毒相关症状或疾病的功效。
附图说明
图1是本发明的中药材萃取物的萃取物的制备流程图。
图2是本发明第一实施例的中药材萃取物对SARS-COV-2棘蛋白与体外合成hACE2结合的干预分析结果。
图3是本发明第一实施例的中药材萃取物对SARS-COV-2棘蛋白与体外合成hACE2结合的半抑制浓度IC 50分析结果。
图4是本发明第一实施例的中药材萃取物对SARS-COV-2假病毒与SmBiT-ACE2 expressing cells结合的半效应浓度EC 50分析结果。
图5是本发明第一实施例的中药材萃取物对SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性抑制的分析结果。
图6是本发明第一实施例的中药材萃取物对SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性抑制的半抑制浓度IC 50分析结果。
图7是本发明第二实施例的中药材萃取物对SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性抑制的半抑制浓度IC 50分析结果。
其中，S1:萃取步骤；S2:过滤步骤；S3:干燥步骤。
具体实施方式
为便于说明本发明于上述发明内容一栏中所表示的中心思想，以具体实施例表达。
本发明提供一种中药材萃取物及其制备方法，中药材萃取物包含一有效成分。其中，有效成分为一沉香、一皂角、一角刺、一肉桂叶、一樟叶的其中任一种材料或其组合所组成。
在本发明的一实施例中，有效成分为沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶及樟叶其中任一种单方中草药。
在本发明的一实施例中，有效成分为沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶或樟叶其中任两种复方中草药，选自沉香与皂角、沉香与角刺、沉香与肉桂叶、沉香与樟叶、皂角与角刺、皂角与肉桂叶、皂角与樟叶、角刺与肉桂叶、角刺与樟叶及肉桂叶与樟叶其中任一种组合。
在本发明的一实施例中，有效成分为沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶或樟叶其中任三种复方中草药，例如沉香与皂角以及角刺的组合、沉香与皂角以及肉桂叶的组合，或是沉香与皂角以及樟叶的组合等任意组合。
在本发明的一实施例中，有效成分为沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶或樟叶其 中任四种复方中草药，例如沉香、皂角与角刺以及肉桂叶的组合，或是皂角、角刺与肉桂叶以及樟叶的组合等任意组合。
在本发明的一实施例中，有效成分为沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶所组成，沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶的重量比为1～5：1～5：1～5：1～5：1～5为佳，在本实施例中，沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶的重量比为1：1：1：1：1。
材料与材料处理方法：
1.材料
(a)沉香
沉香取自双子叶植物药瑞香科植物沉香或白木香含有树脂的木材，沉香具有行气止痛、降逆调中、温肾纳气、通经脉安心神、镇静镇痛等作用，此外，经药理研究证实，沉香在药理上有明显的抗病菌作用；于本实施例中，沉香木材选自越南或台湾产的白木沉香(Aquilaria sinensis)，在其它可能的实施例中，也可选用越南沉香(Aquilaria crassna)、或印尼沉香木(Aquilaria malaccensis)、云南沉香(Aquilaria yunnanensis)其中任一种。
(b)皂角
皂角取自豆科植物皂荚，为皂荚(Gleditsia sinensis)的成熟的果荚，皂荚具有祛顽痰，通窍开闭，祛风杀虫的作用，皂荚内含三刺皂荚碱(Triacanthin)，在药理上对病菌具有抑制作用。
(c)角刺
角刺取自豆科植物皂荚，为皂荚的棘刺，角刺具有消肿，拔毒，排脓，杀虫的作用，角刺可提取出黄酮苷(Flavonoids)、酚类(Phenols)、胺基酸(Amino Acid)，角刺萃取物在药理上具有抑菌消毒作用。
(d)肉桂叶
肉桂叶取自樟科植物土肉桂(Cinnamomum osmophloeum)，有散寒止痛、活血、健胃的作用，肉桂叶萃取物在药理上能够抑制细菌滋长，而达到抑菌消毒的作用。
(e)樟叶
樟叶取自樟科植物香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)，具有祛风、除湿、解毒、杀虫的作用，樟叶萃取物在药理具有抑菌消毒作用。
2.材料处理方法：
(a)将沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶分别洗净，并放置一夜阴干。
(b)接着通过烘箱将沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶烘干，其中，沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶经烘干后的含水量介于5％～20％为佳，沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶经烘干后的含水量为10％为最佳。
(c)将沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶分别以打碎机打碎，其中，沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶经研磨后的粗细度介于10目～30目为佳，沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶经研磨后的粗细度为20目为最佳。
请配合参阅图1所示，为本发明中药材萃取物的制备方法，其包含下列步骤：
一萃取步骤S1：首先，将含有沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶、樟叶的其中任一种或其组合的一原料与超纯水以1：5至1：10的重量比进行混合，其中，原料与超纯水以1：10的重量比为佳，将原料与超纯水混合后，置于液态氮桶中冷冻再置于室温中融化，而进行循环冻融处理以破碎原料细胞壁，接着将原料与超纯水加热进行萃取以取得一萃取液，其中，萃取温度介于90℃～110℃，较佳为100℃，萃取时间为1.5小时～2.5小时，较佳为2小时。
一过滤步骤S2：待萃取液冷却后，对萃取液进行过滤；于本实施例中，以4道步骤进行过滤而取得过滤完成的萃取液，首先对萃取液进行粗过滤；接着通过离心机对粗过滤完成的萃取液进行离心，在离心完成后收集上清液，离心转速为7,000～15,000rpm，离心时间为3～10分钟，其中，离心转速为10,000rpm，离心时间为5分钟为最佳；接着以孔径15～30μm的定性滤纸(Whatman NO.4定性滤纸)对上清液进行过滤；最后再以孔径较细如1.2μm的玻璃纤维滤膜(MGC玻璃纤维滤膜)进行过滤，以取得过滤完成的萃取液。
一干燥步骤S3：在过滤步骤后，将过滤完成的萃取液置于-35～-10℃环境以形成冷冻状态，并对冷冻状态的萃取液进行真空冷冻干燥以取得中药材萃取物，其中，中药材萃取物为冻干粉，以利于保存及应用上的配制。
于本实施例中，中药材萃取物能够相对于溶剂配制为不同浓度的水溶液，其中，配制时使用的溶剂可为水、逆渗透水、去离子水、乙醇、甲醇、异丙醇或其他适当且刺激性较低的溶剂。
以下公开本发明第一实施例的中药材萃取物的分析结果；于本实施例中，中药材萃取物的有效成分由沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶所组成，沉香、皂角、角刺、肉桂叶以及樟叶的重量比为1：1：1：1：1；分析结果包括SARS-COV-2棘蛋白(Spike protein)与人体血管收缩素转换酶(Human Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2,hACE2)结合干预的能力，以及SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性抑制能力的详细步骤及结果，所有分析结果内呈现的数值条为50次重复实验所取的平均值±标准差。
1.SARS-CoV-2全序列棘蛋白结合干预分析
SARS-COV-2的棘蛋白对于病毒进入人类细胞的机制扮演了重要的角色，本实施例中，通过酵素结合免疫吸附分析法(Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, ELISA)，来评估本发明的中药材萃取物对SARS-COV-2(武汉株)全序列的棘蛋白与hACE2结合的潜在抑制作用以及干预能力；其中，实验所取用的hACE2为体外合成蛋白。
酵素结合免疫吸附分析法实验步骤如下：
首先，取用已稀释于15mM碳酸钠与35mM碳酸氢钠，酸碱值为pH 9.6的100μL的棘蛋白溶液(500ng/mL；CAT.GTX135972-pro,GeneTex,Taipei,Taiwan，China)，将棘蛋白溶液注入到96-well微量分析盘内，将微量分析盘密封并置于4℃保持过夜。接着，使用由0.05％(v/v)磷酸缓冲溶液及Tween-20所组成的冲洗缓冲溶液去冲洗已注入棘蛋白溶液的96-well微量分析盘，总共冲洗三次将无法附着于96-well微量分析盘的棘蛋白溶液去除。
接着，将含有0.5％(w/v)胎牛血清的冲洗缓冲溶液调配而成的ELISA阻断液，加入300μL到96-well微量分析盘内，并于37℃培养1.5小时，重复清洗三次后，取用100μL本发明不同浓度(0至100000μg/mL)的中药材萃取物或100μL抑制剂(10ug/mL；cat.GTX635791,GeneTex,Taipei,Taiwan，China)并加入96-well微量分析盘内，并于37℃培养1小时，并使用冲洗缓冲溶液将96-well微量分析盘清洗三次。
接着，加入100μL的ELISA信号放大剂Streptavidin-HRP(100ng/mL；cat.GTX30949,GeneTex,Taipei,Taiwan，China)于37℃培养1小时。
最后，在96-well微量分析盘的每个孔洞中加入200μL的TMB呈色受质，并在避光环境中37℃培养1小时。待反应完成后，使用50μL的终止溶液以终结反应。并利用微量盘检测仪(Microplate reader)以波长为450nm去测定吸光数值。
如图2所示，为本发明中药材萃取物以及抑制剂(RBD抗体)分别对 SARS-COV-2棘蛋白与hACE2结合的干预结果。其中，在未添加hACE2的情况下，仅可测得SARS-COV-2棘蛋白涂层的背景信号；控制组为在SARS-COV-2棘蛋白涂层加入hACE2，SARS-COV-2棘蛋白涂层在添加hACE2后会产生强烈的比色信号，结合效率为100％；实验组为添加不同浓度的中药材萃取物对SARS-COV-2棘蛋白与hACE2结合的干预效果。
可以观察到，当添加的中药材萃取物浓度超过10000μg/mL时，SARS-COV-2棘蛋白与hACE2的结合效率降到50％以下，甚至在中药材萃取物浓度为100000μg/mL时，SARS-COV-2棘蛋白与hACE2的结合效率降为4％，并与抑制剂(RBD抗体)抑制SARS-COV-2棘蛋白与hACE2的效果不相上下。
进一步对本发明的中药材萃取物对SARS-COV-2棘蛋白与hACE2的结合效率进行非线性回归分析，其中，经50次实验后，本发明中药材萃取物的半抑制浓度IC 50(Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentration)值范围介于7210～10850μg/mL，其半抑制浓度IC 50较佳平均值为9024μg/mL，如图3所示。结果显示，本发明的中药材萃取物呈现剂量依赖性有效地抑制棘蛋白与hACE2的结合效率。
本发明更进一步将中药材萃取物与SARS-COV-2假病毒进行中和测试，取用溶剂为去离子水，浓度为250mg/mL的中药材萃取物，以下表的测试条件进行测试。
Figure PCTCN2022124991-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022124991-appb-000002
将HeLa expressing SmBiT-ACE2细胞、SARS-COV-2假病毒与不同剂量的中药材萃取物共同培养6小时，并以等量的PBS溶液作为对照组，培养24小时后以PBS溶液冲洗细胞两次，最后以NanoLuc进行生物荧光检测。
检测结果如下表所示，下表为中药材萃取物与SARS-COV-2假病毒的中和数据，由结果可知，阻断SARS-COV-2感染细胞的中药材萃取物最小剂量为50μg/mL，且阻断率高达95％。
Figure PCTCN2022124991-appb-000003
另外，如图4所示，图4为中药材萃取物对SARS-COV-2假病毒与HeLa SmBiT-ACE2 expressing cells结合的半效应浓度EC 50分析结果，其中，中药材萃取物对SARS-COV-2假病毒表现出具剂量依赖中和活性，半效应浓度EC 50(Concentration For 50％of Maximal Effect)值范围介于20～30μg/mL，其半效应浓度EC 50较佳平均值为24.5μg/mL。
2.SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性抑制分析
SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶为参与病毒RNA合成与复制的酵素，本实施例中，通过荧光共振能量转移技术(Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer,FRET)评估本发明的中药材萃取物对SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性抑制能力。
荧光共振能量转移技术分析实验步骤如下：
首先，将DABCYL-TSAVLQSGFRKMG-EDANS(Genomics,Taiwan，China)修饰胜肽溶解于水中与SARS CoV-2 3CLpro共同培养。
接着，使用多功能微量盘式分析仪(
Figure PCTCN2022124991-appb-000004
multimode microplate reader,TECAN)作为试验仪器，在37℃下进行试验以确保蛋白活性，同时将修饰胜肽水解时的EDANS荧光强度作为时间函数，其中，发射波长为340nm以及490nm；频宽分别为9nm以及15nm。
接着，在测试前评估测试样品在340nm的发射波长是否会与EDANS的发射光谱重叠。最后测试本发明不同浓度(0至31.25μg/mL)的中药材萃取物对SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性的影响，并使用GraphPad Prism 7.03(GraphPad Software,San Diego,CA,USA)进行统计分析。
如图5所示，为本发明中药材萃取物对SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性抑制的分析结果。可观察到，使用0.98μg/mL的中药材萃取物后，SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro的相对活性降低到80％左右；使用7.81μg/mL的中药材萃取物后，SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro的相对活性降低到70％左右。随着中药材萃取物的浓度增加到15.63～31.25μg/mL，SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro的相对活性会更进一步被抑制，其活性分别下降到大约60％和50％。
经50次实验后，本发明的中药材萃取物对SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性抑制的半抑制浓度IC 50值范围介于26～40μg/mL，其半抑制浓度IC 50较佳平均值为32.61±4.226μg/mL，如图6所示，结果显示，本发明中药材萃取物具有剂量 依赖性能够将SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro的相对活性降低，显示出本发明的中药材萃取物具备针对SARS-CoV-2的治疗潜力。
以下公开本发明第二实施例的中药材萃取物的分析结果；于本实施例中，中药材萃取物的有效成分为肉桂叶；分析结果为SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性抑制能力的结果，详细步骤同上述第一实施例所述，于此不再赘述，所有分析结果内呈现的数值条为50次重复实验所取的平均值±标准差。
如图7所示，经50次实验后，本发明的中药材萃取物对SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性抑制的半抑制浓度IC 50值范围介于10～15μg/mL，其半抑制浓度IC 50较佳平均值为13.08±0.73μg/mL。
需特别说明的是，于本实施例中，当中药材萃取物的浓度为25μg/mL以及50μg/mL时，能够分别抑制69％以及83％的SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性，而当中药材萃取物的浓度为80μg/mL时，更能够100％抑制SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性。
由上述实施例可知，肉桂叶萃取物在抑制SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性的表现较为优异，因此，本发明能够通过不同组成、不同比例的有效成分所产生的药理效应，通过单方、复方的调配而针对冠状病毒相关症状或疾病，依据症状轻重而增强以及扩展疗效，进而达到最佳的治疗效果。
举例来说，若病患正处于罹患冠状病毒的前期阶段，由于此时病患体内的病毒量仍较高，因此可以采用肉桂叶的重量比例较高的配方以有效抑制病毒的增加，并降低病毒的综合效率，肉桂叶相较于沉香、皂角、角刺以及樟叶的重量比可为1.5：1：1：1：1，或者是2：1：1：1：1，或者是2.5：1：1：1：1，或者是3：1：1：1：1，或者是3.5：1：1：1：1，或者是4：1：1：1：1，或者是4.5：1：1：1：1，或者是5：1：1：1：1。
另如前述，沉香具有行气止痛、降逆调中、温肾纳气、通经脉安心神、镇静镇痛等作用，荚具有祛顽痰，通窍开闭，祛风杀虫的作用；角刺具有消肿，拔毒，排脓，杀虫的作用；樟叶具有祛风、除湿、解毒、杀虫的作用，因此在病患处于罹患冠状病毒的中、后期阶段，由于此时病患体内的病毒量已有降低，因此可以采用肉桂叶的重量比例较低，而沉香、皂角、角刺以及樟叶的重量比例较高的配方以提高例如镇痛、祛痰、消肿、除湿等效果。
另外，本发明中药材萃取物可用于制备一治疗冠状病毒相关症状或疾病的药剂的用途，其中，药剂包含本发明的中药材萃取物以及一医学上可接受的载剂。
依据本发明，前述“载剂”指医药领域常规选用的药物载体，例如填充剂、黏合剂、稀释剂、赋形剂、接受体或类似物，其为制造医药品领域技术人员所熟知。
于本实施例中，药剂的剂型包括漱口水、口鼻吸入剂或口服胶囊，但不限于此。其中，通过使用含中药材萃取物的漱口水，可以将口腔喉咙中的残留病毒做结合并通过吐掉的动作来移除冠状病毒；而使用含中药材萃取物的口鼻吸入剂能够利用鼻腔的微血管或肺部微血管吸收中药材萃取物以消灭冠状病毒；而服用含中药材萃取物的口服胶囊，中药材萃取物可通过胃部直接被人体吸收、利用而消灭冠状病毒。
依据本发明，中药材萃取物所制备的药剂可根据患者年龄、体重、健康状况、疾病的进展等因素，由相关医疗人员依该技术领域中公知常识决定投予剂量。前述的中药材萃取物制备的药剂也可单独投予或与其它药剂共同投予，投予疗程应依据医师或相关人士依药学上例行方法实施。
借此，通过服用含有中药材萃取物的药剂，即可有效干预SARS-CoV-2冠 状病毒的棘蛋白(Spike Protein)与hACE2结合，并抑制SARS-CoV-2冠状病毒的3CLpro蛋白酶活性，而实现治疗冠状病毒相关症状或疾病的功效。
以上所举实施例仅用以说明本发明而已，非用以限制本发明的范围。举凡不违本发明精神所从事的种种修改或变化，俱属本发明意欲保护的范畴。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种中药材萃取物，其包括一有效成分，其特征在于，该有效成分由一沉香、一皂角、一角刺、一肉桂叶、一樟叶的其中任一种或其组合所组成。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的中药材萃取物，其特征在于，当该有效成分为该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶所组成，该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶的重量比为1～5：1～5：1～5：1～5：1～5。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的中药材萃取物，其特征在于，该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶的重量比为1：1：1：1：1。
  4. 一种如权利要求1所述的中药材萃取物的制备方法，其特征在于，其包括以下步骤所制成：
    一萃取步骤：将含有该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶、该樟叶的其中任一种或其组合的一原料以及超纯水以1：5至1：10的重量比进行混合以及循环冻融处理后，加热进行萃取以取得一萃取液，其中，萃取温度介于90℃～110℃，萃取时间介于1.5小时～2.5小时；
    一过滤步骤：对该萃取液进行过滤；以及
    一干燥步骤：对该萃取液进行真空冷冻干燥以取得该中药材萃取物。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，当该原料为该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶所组成，该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶的重量比为1～5：1～5：1～5：1～5：1～5。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，该沉香、该皂角、该角刺、该肉桂叶以及该樟叶的重量比为1：1：1：1：1。
  7. 一种以如权利要求1所述的中药材萃取物用于制备一治疗冠状病毒相关症状或疾病的药剂的用途，该中药材萃取物的所述有效成分为该肉桂 叶。
  8. 一种以如权利要求1所述的中药材萃取物用于制备一干预SARS-COV-2的棘蛋白的药剂的用途，该中药材萃取物的所述有效成分为该肉桂叶。
  9. 一种以如权利要求1所述的中药材萃取物用于制备一抑制SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性的药剂的用途，该中药材萃取物的所述有效成分为该肉桂叶。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的中药材萃取物的用途，其特征在于，该药剂的半抑制浓度IC 50值范围介于10～15μg/mL。
  11. 一种以如权利要求1所述的中药材萃取物用于制备一治疗冠状病毒相关症状或疾病的药剂的用途。
  12. 一种以如权利要求1所述的中药材萃取物用于制备一干预SARS-COV-2的棘蛋白的药剂的用途。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的中药材萃取物的用途，其特征在于，该药剂的半效应浓度EC 50值范围介于20～30μg/mL。
  14. 一种以如权利要求1所述的中药材萃取物用于制备一抑制SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro蛋白酶活性的药剂的用途。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的中药材萃取物的用途，其特征在于，该药剂的半抑制浓度IC 50值范围介于26～40μg/mL。
  16. 如权利要求7～9、11～12及14中任一项所述的中药材萃取物的用途，其特征在于，该药剂的剂型包括漱口水、口鼻吸入剂或口服胶囊。
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