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WO2022001450A1 - 调光结构及其制作方法、调光模组 - Google Patents

调光结构及其制作方法、调光模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022001450A1
WO2022001450A1 PCT/CN2021/094601 CN2021094601W WO2022001450A1 WO 2022001450 A1 WO2022001450 A1 WO 2022001450A1 CN 2021094601 W CN2021094601 W CN 2021094601W WO 2022001450 A1 WO2022001450 A1 WO 2022001450A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flexible substrate
dimming
transparent electrode
tempered glass
adhesive layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/094601
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈娟
于静
王春雷
吴艺凡
张影亮
彭志龙
刘伟
刘强
李娜
车春城
曹雪
李月
张新亚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Sensor Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Sensor Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BOE Technology Group Co Ltd, Beijing BOE Sensor Technology Co Ltd filed Critical BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority to US17/764,908 priority Critical patent/US12117681B2/en
Publication of WO2022001450A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022001450A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13725—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on guest-host interaction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • B60J1/20—Accessories, e.g. wind deflectors, blinds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular, to a dimming structure, a manufacturing method thereof, and a dimming module.
  • the dimming structure mainly includes flexible PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal), flexible EPD (electrophoresis display technology), flexible ECD (electrochromic technology) and rigid liquid crystal dimming structure.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a dimming structure, a manufacturing method thereof, and a dimming module, which can meet the dimming requirements of passenger car windows.
  • a dimming structure including:
  • first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode located between the first flexible substrate and the second flexible substrate;
  • a spacer and a dye liquid crystal layer between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are spacers and a dye liquid crystal layer between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer.
  • the first transparent electrode is located on a side of the first flexible substrate facing the second flexible substrate;
  • the second transparent electrode is located on the side of the second flexible substrate facing the first flexible substrate.
  • the first transparent electrode is an entire layer of planar electrode; or
  • the first transparent electrode includes a plurality of mutually independent bulk sub-electrodes
  • the first transparent electrode includes a plurality of mutually independent character pattern-shaped sub-electrodes.
  • the distance between adjacent block sub-electrodes is greater than or equal to 40um
  • the spacing between adjacent sub-electrodes in the shape of the character pattern is greater than or equal to 2um.
  • the thickness of the dimming structure is 0.15-0.38 mm.
  • the thickness of the first flexible substrate is 40-200um
  • the thermal shrinkage in the x-axis direction is less than or equal to 0.03%
  • the thermal shrinkage in the y-axis direction is less than or equal to 0.03%
  • the transmittance is greater than or equal to 0.03%.
  • the radius of curvature in the x-axis direction is greater than 1800mm
  • the radius of curvature in the y-axis direction is greater than 2000mm;
  • the thickness of the second flexible substrate is 40-200um, the thermal shrinkage in the x-axis direction is less than or equal to 0.03%, the thermal shrinkage in the y-axis direction is less than or equal to 0.03%, and the transmittance is greater than 80%.
  • the radius of curvature in the axial direction is greater than 1800mm, and the radius of curvature in the y-axis direction is greater than 2000mm.
  • the temperature resistance range of the first flexible substrate is 100-170 degrees Celsius
  • the temperature resistance range of the second flexible substrate is 100-170 degrees Celsius
  • the temperature resistance range of the first alignment layer is is 100-130 degrees Celsius
  • the temperature resistance range of the second alignment layer is 100-130 degrees Celsius
  • the curing temperature range of the spacer is 90-110 degrees Celsius
  • the temperature resistance range of the dye liquid crystal is -40 ⁇ 150 degrees Celsius.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a dimming module including the above-mentioned dimming structure.
  • the dimming module further includes:
  • a flexible circuit board bound with the dimming structure the flexible circuit board is bound with the dimming structure by ACF glue, and the diameter of the gold particles in the ACF glue is greater than 20um.
  • the dimming module further includes a first tempered glass and a second tempered glass disposed opposite to each other, the dimming structure is located between the first tempered glass and the second tempered glass, the The dimming structure is fixed on the side of the first tempered glass facing the second tempered glass through an adhesive layer.
  • the dimming structure is at a certain distance from the second tempered glass; or
  • the side of the dimming structure away from the first tempered glass is fixed to the second tempered glass through an adhesive layer.
  • the dimming module further includes:
  • the dimming structure is fixed on the tempered glass through an adhesive layer;
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a method for fabricating a dimming structure, including:
  • 3-5 are schematic diagrams of binding of a dimming structure to a flexible circuit board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 6-8 are schematic diagrams of a dimming module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dimming structure, a manufacturing method thereof, and a dimming module, which can meet the dimming requirements of passenger car windows.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dimming structure, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , including:
  • the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 arranged oppositely;
  • first transparent electrode 41 and a second transparent electrode 42 located between the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32;
  • a first alignment layer 51 located on the side of the first flexible substrate 31 facing the second flexible substrate 32;
  • a second alignment layer 52 located on the side of the second flexible substrate 32 facing the first flexible substrate 31;
  • the spacer 6 and the dye liquid crystal layer 7 are located between the first alignment layer 51 and the second alignment layer 52 .
  • the dimming structure adopts a flexible substrate, which can meet the requirements for the curvature of passenger car windows; and the flexible substrate is not fragile and does not pose a threat to personal safety, which can meet the safety requirements of passenger car windows.
  • the dimming structure adopts the dye liquid crystal layer 7, which can realize the display of various colors, which can be well matched with the vehicle body, and the response time can reach the millisecond level, which can meet the requirements of passenger car windows for fast response.
  • the haze value of the dimming structure is low, which can meet the requirements of vehicle safety standards.
  • the first transparent electrode 41 may be located on the side of the first flexible substrate 31 facing the second flexible substrate 32 ; the second transparent electrode 42 may be located on the second flexible substrate 32 The flexible substrate 32 faces the side of the first flexible substrate 31 .
  • the first transparent electrode 41 and the second transparent electrode 42 may also be located on the same flexible substrate.
  • the first rigid substrate 11 , the second rigid substrate 12 , the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 are all carriers in the process of manufacturing the dimming structure. After the dimming structure is fabricated, it needs to be removed.
  • the first rigid substrate 11 , the second rigid substrate 12 , the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 are all carriers in the process of manufacturing the dimming structure. After the dimming structure is fabricated, it needs to be removed.
  • the first rigid substrate 11 , the second rigid substrate 12 , the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 are all carriers in the process of manufacturing the dimming structure. After the dimming structure is fabricated, it needs to be removed.
  • the first rigid substrate 11 , the second rigid substrate 12 , the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 are all carriers in the process of manufacturing the dimming structure. After the dimming structure is fabricated, it needs to be removed.
  • the first rigid substrate 11 , the second rigid substrate 12 , the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 are
  • the dimming structure of this embodiment can realize switching between transparent and black states.
  • flexible PDLC which can realize switching between transparent and milky white
  • the matching with the vehicle body is better, and the haze can be less than 1%. It enables passengers to see the environment outside the car clearly, which is more in line with safety requirements than flexible PDLC.
  • the haze of the dimming structure of this embodiment is smaller, and can achieve hyperbola, which can meet the requirements for the curvature of passenger car windows;
  • the response speed of the liquid crystal of the dimming structure of the present embodiment can be less than 40ms, which can meet the requirements for fast response of passenger car windows.
  • the dimming structure of this embodiment When the dimming structure of this embodiment is applied to a passenger car window, it needs to be arranged between 4mm thick hyperbolic tempered glass. If the thickness of the dimming structure is too small, the hardness is too small, and the supportability is poor, which will lead to difficult handling, which is difficult to handle. It is very difficult to operate the film, and there may be abnormalities such as tearing during the hyperbolic process, so the overall thickness of the dimming structure needs to be greater than 100um, and the thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer 7 of the dimming structure can be 6-50um; The thickness of the light structure should not be too large, because the thickness of the car window is limited. According to the thickness requirements of the passenger car window, the thickness of the light control structure should not be greater than 0.38mm. Specifically, the thickness of the light control structure can be 0.15 ⁇ 0.38mm , specifically 100um or 125um.
  • the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 in this embodiment can be PET (polyethylene terephthalate), COP (cycloolefin polymer), CPI (transparent polyimide) or TAC (triacetic acid) fiber), when the dimming structure is applied to a passenger car window, the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 will not be broken when the vehicle encounters an impact, and will not threaten the safety of the occupants.
  • the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 need to satisfy the curvature radius in the x-axis direction greater than 1800mm, and the curvature radius in the y-axis direction greater than 2000mm.
  • the thermal shrinkage rate of the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 in the x-axis direction less than or equal to 0.03%
  • the thermal shrinkage rate in the y-axis direction is less than or equal to 0.03%
  • the thermal shrinkage rate of the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 in the x-axis direction may be 0.002%
  • the thermal shrinkage in the direction may be 0.002%.
  • the square resistance of the first transparent electrode 41 and the second transparent electrode 42 may range from 20 to 200 ⁇ / ⁇ .
  • the temperature tolerance range of the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 is 100-170 degrees Celsius. Since the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 with a temperature resistance below 170 degrees Celsius are used At the same time, the heat-resistant temperature of the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 is also less than 120 degrees Celsius, so the dimming structure of this embodiment is fabricated by a low-temperature process. In this embodiment, when fabricating the dimming structure, the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 are respectively attached to the first rigid substrate 11 and the first rigid substrate 32 through the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 .
  • the temperature tolerance range of the first alignment layer 51 and the second alignment layer 52 is 100-130 degrees Celsius.
  • a normally white liquid crystal alignment film with a curing temperature of 100 degrees Celsius and a curing time of about 90s can be used; the spacer 6 adopts a curing temperature It is a spacer material with a temperature of 90-110 degrees Celsius.
  • a sticky black spacer material with a curing temperature of 110 degrees Celsius and a curing time of 1 hour can be used.
  • the black spacer material needs to be below 110 degrees Celsius.
  • the melt sticks to a flexible substrate to support the cell thickness without slipping.
  • the dye liquid crystal of this embodiment can be a dye liquid crystal with a temperature resistance range of -40 to 150 degrees Celsius. After 1 hour at a high temperature of 150 degrees Celsius, the liquid crystal can return to a normal working state without affecting reliability; no dye crystals are precipitated at -40 degrees Celsius. , it can work normally after returning to normal temperature without damaging the device orientation and optical properties.
  • the first transparent electrode 41 and the second transparent electrode 42 can be a whole layer of planar electrodes, which can realize the function of adjusting the surface light; the first transparent electrode 41 can also include a plurality of mutually independent block-shaped electrodes In this way, the function of zone dimming can be realized.
  • the entire layer of electrodes can be etched by laser to form multiple independent block sub-electrodes.
  • the laser wavelength range can be 200-380nm, and then each block can be independently controlled by
  • the sub-electrode realizes the function of zoning dimming, that is, the dimming structure can selectively light up a certain area for regional dimming, while other parts remain transparent or black, and the driving voltage can be 0-24V.
  • the spacing between adjacent block sub-electrodes is greater than or equal to 40um; complex patterning processing can also be performed on the first transparent electrode 41, so that the first transparent electrode 41 can perform simple text display , such as vehicle power, temperature, time and other information, the first transparent electrode 41 includes a plurality of mutually independent character pattern-shaped sub-electrodes.
  • the character pattern-shaped sub-electrodes can be fabricated by processes such as exposure, development, etching, etc. In order to prevent the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 from being damaged, and to avoid excessive temperature of the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer The layer 22 has an adverse reaction.
  • the annealing temperature is less than or equal to 150 degrees Celsius.
  • the spacing between the adjacent sub-electrodes of the text pattern is greater than or equal to 2um.
  • the PM (passive) driving mode of the chip realizes the dynamic display of different information, and the driving voltage is adjustable from 0-16v. It is worth noting that the transmittance of the overall dimming structure needs to be guaranteed to be >40%.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a dimming module including the above-mentioned dimming structure.
  • a flexible circuit board bound with the dimming structure the flexible circuit board is bound with the dimming structure by ACF (Anisotropic Conductive) glue.
  • the diameter of the gold particles in the ACF glue is greater than 20um. If the diameter of the gold particles in the ACF glue is small, for example, less than 15um, it cannot meet the requirements of flexible binding, because if the diameter of the gold particles is too small, the flexible The substrate cannot judge whether the gold particles are open or not, and the effectiveness of the gold particles cannot be judged. Only after the diameter of the gold particles is increased, the obvious opening of the gold particles can be seen through the flexible substrate, and the effectiveness of the process lamination can be judged.
  • the binding temperature can be 200-320 degrees Celsius, for example, it can be 240 degrees, and the binding time is 10-20s, preferably 10s, because the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32
  • the withstand temperature is 150 degrees Celsius, and the high temperature of 200-320 degrees Celsius will not cause destructive damage to the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 in a short time (10-20s). If the binding time is too short, it will lead to binding. If the fixing is not firm, the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 will be deformed and damaged if the binding time is too long.
  • the binding pressure can be 2-5Kgf, preferably 4.5Kgf. If the binding pressure is too small, the flexible circuit board will not be bound firmly. If the binding pressure is too high, the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 will be perforated, which cannot be normal. Work.
  • a possible binding method is that the first flexible circuit board 14 is bound to the binding area on the first flexible substrate 31 , and the second flexible circuit board 15 is bound to the binding area on the second flexible substrate 32 .
  • a possible binding method is that both the first flexible circuit board 14 and the second flexible circuit board 15 are bound to the binding area on the second flexible substrate 32,
  • the first transparent electrode 41 on the first flexible substrate 31 is connected to the binding area on the second flexible substrate 32; or, as shown in FIG. 5, the first transparent electrode 41 on the first flexible substrate 31 is connected to the second flexible substrate
  • the binding area on the second flexible substrate 32 is connected, and the flexible circuit board 13 is bound with the binding area on the second flexible substrate 32 .
  • the dimming module of this embodiment can be applied to a passenger car window and other structures that require dimming.
  • the dimming module further includes tempered glass.
  • the dimming module includes a first tempered glass 8 and a second tempered glass 9 arranged oppositely, and the dimming structure 11 is located on the first tempered glass 8 and the second tempered glass 9 9, the dimming structure 11 is fixed on the side of the first tempered glass 8 facing the second tempered glass 9 through the adhesive layer 10, and the dimming structure 11 is spaced from the second tempered glass 9 a certain distance.
  • FIG. 6 the dimming module includes a first tempered glass 8 and a second tempered glass 9 arranged oppositely, and the dimming structure 11 is located on the first tempered glass 8 and the second tempered glass 9 9, the dimming structure 11 is fixed on the side of the first tempered glass 8 facing the second tempered glass 9 through the adhesive layer 10, and the dimming structure 11 is spaced from the second tempered glass 9 a certain distance.
  • the dimming module includes a first tempered glass 8 and a second tempered glass 9 arranged oppositely, and the dimming structure 11 is located on the first tempered glass 8 and the second tempered glass 9 . Between the glasses 9 , the dimming structure 11 is fixed on the side of the first tempered glass 8 facing the second tempered glass 9 through the adhesive layer 10 , and the dimming structure 11 is away from the first tempered glass 8 One side is fixed with the second tempered glass 9 through the adhesive layer 10 .
  • the dimming module includes a first tempered glass 8 , the dimming structure 11 is fixed on the tempered glass through an adhesive layer 10 , and the dimming module further includes a cover. The protective film 12 of the dimming structure 11 .
  • the thickness of the tempered glass is 4-12mm, preferably 4mm;
  • the adhesive layer 10 can be PVB (polyvinyl butyral) or CCF (polypropylene) Or OCA (optical glue) or SGP (ionic film) or EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), etc.
  • the thickness can be 0.3-0.9mm, preferably 0.78mm;
  • the thickness of the dimming structure is 0.15-0.38mm, preferably 0.15 mm;
  • the thickness of the protective film 12 is 100-600um, preferably 110um.
  • the tempered glass when making the dimming module, the tempered glass is first processed, and the tempered glass is baked and bent to make the tempered glass have a certain curvature, and PVB is formed on the first tempered glass 8.
  • the dimming structure is fixed by PVB, PVB is formed on the dimming structure, and the second tempered glass 9 is combined with the above structure to form a dimming module.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a method for fabricating a dimming structure, as shown in FIG. 1 , including:
  • the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 in this embodiment can be PET (polyethylene terephthalate), COP (cycloolefin polymer), CPI (transparent polyimide) or TAC (triacetic acid) fiber), when the dimming structure is applied to a passenger car window, the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 will not be broken when the vehicle encounters an impact, and will not threaten the safety of the occupants.
  • the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 need to satisfy the curvature radius in the x-axis direction greater than 1800mm, and the curvature radius in the y-axis direction greater than 2000mm.
  • the temperature tolerance range of the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 is 100-170 degrees Celsius. Since the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 with a temperature resistance below 170 degrees Celsius are used At the same time, the heat-resistant temperature of the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 is also less than 120 degrees Celsius, so the dimming structure of this embodiment is fabricated by a low-temperature process. In this embodiment, when fabricating the dimming structure, the first flexible substrate 31 and the second flexible substrate 32 are respectively attached to the first rigid substrate 11 and the first rigid substrate 32 through the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 22 .

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  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种调光结构及其制作方法、调光模组，属于显示技术领域。其中，调光结构，包括：相对设置的第一柔性基底（31）和第二柔性基底（32）；位于第一柔性基底（31）和第二柔性基底（32）之间的第一透明电极（41）和第二透明电极（42）；位于第一柔性基底（31）朝向第二柔性基底（32）一侧的第一取向层（51）；位于第二柔性基底（32）朝向第一柔性基底（31）一侧的第二取向层（52）；位于第一取向层（51）和第二取向层（52）之间的隔垫物（6）和染料液晶层（7）。调光模组能够满足乘用车车窗的调光要求。

Description

调光结构及其制作方法、调光模组
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2020年06月29日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.202010607321.3的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，特别是指一种调光结构及其制作方法、调光模组。
背景技术
乘用车车窗需要满足以下条件：双曲、车窗重量轻薄利于节能，安全不易碎。现有交通工具的车窗主要以玻璃基及透过率不可调的普通车窗为主。调光结构主要包括柔性PDLC(聚合物分散液晶)，柔性EPD(电泳显示技术)，柔性ECD(电致变色技术)及刚性液晶调光结构；其中PDLC在市面上建筑领域应用较常见，可实现透明和乳白色之间的切换，但由于PDLC的液晶特性，乳白色色彩很难与车身颜色相匹配且雾度较大(>10％)，因此在交通工具领域的应用非常有限；柔性EPD由于墨水粒子的雾度较大，也很难符合车规安全标准要求；柔性ECD受限于EC(电致变色)材料响应时间慢，秒级响应的特性在交通上应用同样很困难；刚性染料液晶调光结构虽然色彩，响应时间，雾度都符合交通应用需求，但玻璃基底易碎，不能满足乘用车车窗安全不易碎的要求，另外在双曲球面化方面也存在很大难度。
发明内容
本公开要解决的技术问题是提供一种调光结构及其制作方法、调光模组，能够满足乘用车车窗的调光要求。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开的实施例提供技术方案如下：
一方面，提供一种调光结构，包括：
相对设置的第一柔性基底和第二柔性基底；
位于所述第一柔性基底和所述第二柔性基底之间的第一透明电极和第二透明电极；
位于所述第一柔性基底朝向所述第二柔性基底一侧的第一取向层；
位于所述第二柔性基底朝向所述第一柔性基底一侧的第二取向层；
位于所述第一取向层和所述第二取向层之间的隔垫物和染料液晶层。
一些实施例中，所述第一透明电极位于所述第一柔性基底朝向所述第二柔性基底的一侧；
所述第二透明电极位于所述第二柔性基底朝向所述第一柔性基底的一侧。
一些实施例中，所述第一透明电极为整层的面状电极；或
所述第一透明电极包括多个相互独立的块状子电极；或
所述第一透明电极包括多个相互独立的文字图案状子电极。
一些实施例中，相邻所述块状子电极之间的间距大于等于40um；
相邻所述文字图案状子电极之间的间距大于等于2um。
一些实施例中，所述调光结构的厚度为0.15～0.38mm。
一些实施例中，所述第一柔性基底的厚度为40-200um，在x轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，在y轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，透过率大于80％，在x轴方向上的曲率半径大于1800mm，在y轴方向上的曲率半径大于2000mm；
所述第二柔性基底的厚度为40-200um，在x轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，在y轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，透过率大于80％，在x轴方向上的曲率半径大于1800mm，在y轴方向上的曲率半径大于2000mm。
一些实施例中，所述第一柔性基底的耐受温度范围为100-170摄氏度，所述第二柔性基底的耐受温度范围为100-170摄氏度，所述第一取向层的耐受温度范围为100-130摄氏度，所述第二取向层的耐受温度范围为100-130摄氏度，所述隔垫物的固化温度范围为90-110摄氏度，所述染料液晶的耐温范围为-40～150摄氏度。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种调光模组，包括如上所述的调光结构。
一些实施例中，所述调光模组还包括：
与所述调光结构绑定的柔性电路板，所述柔性电路板通过ACF胶与所述调光结构绑定，所述ACF胶中的金颗粒的直径大于20um。
一些实施例中，所述调光模组还包括相对设置的第一钢化玻璃和第二钢化玻璃，所述调光结构位于所述第一钢化玻璃和所述第二钢化玻璃之间，所述调光结构通过黏合层固定在所述第一钢化玻璃朝向所述第二钢化玻璃的一侧。
一些实施例中，所述调光结构与所述第二钢化玻璃相距一定距离；或
所述调光结构远离所述第一钢化玻璃的一侧通过黏合层与所述第二钢化玻璃固定。
一些实施例中，所述调光模组还包括：
钢化玻璃，所述调光结构通过黏合层固定在所述钢化玻璃上；
覆盖所述调光结构的保护膜。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种调光结构的制作方法，包括：
提供一第一硬质基板；
在所述第一硬质基板上形成第一粘结层；
在所述第一粘结层上形成第一柔性基底；
在所述第一柔性基底上形成第一透明电极；
在所述第一透明电极远离所述第一柔性基底的一侧形成第一取向层和隔垫物；
提供一第二硬质基板；
在所述第二硬质基板上形成第二粘结层；
在所述第二粘结层上形成第二柔性基底；
在所述第二柔性基底上形成第二透明电极；
在所述第二透明电极远离所述第二柔性基底的一侧形成第二取向层；
将所述第一硬质基板与所述第二硬质基板对盒，在所述第一取向层和所述第二取向层之间形成染料液晶层；
将所述第一硬质基板和所述第一粘结层与所述第一柔性基底分离，将所 述第二硬质基板和所述第二粘结层与所述第二柔性基底分离。
一些实施例中，形成所述第一透明电极包括：
形成整层的面状电极；或
形成多个相互独立的块状子电极；或
形成多个相互独立的文字图案状子电极。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例制作调光结构的示意图；
图2为本公开实施例调光结构的示意图；
图3-图5为本公开实施例调光结构与柔性电路板绑定的示意图；
图6-图8为本公开实施例调光模组的示意图。
附图标记
11 第一硬质基板
12 第二硬质基板
21 第一粘结层
22 第二粘结层
31 第一柔性基底
32 第二柔性基底
41 第一透明电极
42 第二透明电极
51 第一取向层
52 第二取向层
6 隔垫物
7 染料液晶层
8 第一钢化玻璃
9 第二钢化玻璃
10 黏合层
11 调光结构
12 保护膜
13 柔性电路板
14 第一柔性电路板
15 第二柔性电路板
具体实施方式
为使本公开的实施例要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
本公开的实施例提供一种调光结构及其制作方法、调光模组，能够满足乘用车车窗的调光要求。
本公开的实施例提供一种调光结构，如图1和图2所示，包括：
相对设置的第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32；
位于所述第一柔性基底31和所述第二柔性基底32之间的第一透明电极41和第二透明电极42；
位于所述第一柔性基底31朝向所述第二柔性基底32一侧的第一取向层51；
位于所述第二柔性基底32朝向所述第一柔性基底31一侧的第二取向层52；
位于所述第一取向层51和所述第二取向层52之间的隔垫物6和染料液晶层7。
本实施例中，调光结构采用柔性基底，可以满足乘用车车窗对曲度的要求；并且，柔性基底不易碎，不会产生威胁人身安全的水平，能够满足乘用车车窗对安全的要求；再者，调光结构采用染料液晶层7，可以实现多种颜色的显示，能够与车身很好地匹配，并且响应时间可以达到毫秒级，可以满足乘用车车窗对快速响应的要求，另外，调光结构的雾度值低，能够符合车规安全标准要求。
如图1和图2所示，所述第一透明电极41可以位于所述第一柔性基底31朝向所述第二柔性基底32的一侧；所述第二透明电极42可以位于所述第二柔性基底32朝向所述第一柔性基底31的一侧。当然，第一透明电极41和第二透明电极42还可以位于同一柔性基底上。
其中，第一硬质基板11、第二硬质基板12、第一粘结层21以及第二粘结层22均为调光结构制作过程中的载体，在制作完成调光结构后，需要去除第一硬质基板11、第二硬质基板12、第一粘结层21以及第二粘结层22。
本实施例的调光结构可以实现透明与黑态的切换，与柔性PDLC相比(可实现透明和乳白色之间的切换)，与车身的匹配性更好，并且雾度能够小于1％，能够使得乘车人看清车外的环境，比柔性PDLC更符合安全要求。与柔性EPD相比，本实施例的调光结构的雾度更小，并且可以实现双曲，能够满足乘用车车窗对曲度的要求；与柔性ECD(响应速度0.1-0.9s)相比，本实施例的调光结构的液晶响应速度可以小于40ms，可以满足乘用车车窗对快速响应的要求。
本实施例的调光结构在应用于乘用车车窗时，需要设置在4mm厚的双曲钢化玻璃之间，如果调光结构的厚度过小硬度过小支撑性差，会导致不易搬运，合片操作很困难，还有可能在双曲的过程中发生撕裂等异常，因此调光结构的整体厚度需要大于100um，调光结构的染料液晶层7的厚度可以为6-50um；另外，调光结构的厚度也不能过大，因为汽车车窗的厚度有限，根据乘用车车窗厚度要求，调光结构的厚度不能大于0.38mm，具体地，调光结构的厚度可以为0.15～0.38mm，具体可以为100um或125um。
本实施例的第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32可以采用PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)、COP(环烯烃聚合物)、CPI(透明聚酰亚胺)或TAC(三醋酸纤维)，在调光结构应用于乘用车车窗时，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32在车辆遇到撞击时不会发生碎裂，不会威胁到乘车人的安全。为了满足乘用车车窗对曲度的要求，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32需要满足在x轴方向上的曲率半径大于1800mm，在y轴方向上的曲率半径大于2000mm。
第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的厚度可以为40-200um，在x轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，在y轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，如果第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的热收缩率大于0.03％时，在110度或110度以上的高温时，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32会发生较大的形变，而硬质基板比如玻璃基板的热收缩率几乎可以忽略，当第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32贴在硬质基板上发生受热收缩时会带着硬质基板发 生翘曲，会导致整个工艺过程无法进行，因此要求第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32贴在硬质基板上受热时不能发生太大形变，因此第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32在x轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，在y轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，具体地，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32在x轴方向上的热收缩率可以为0.002％，在y轴方向上的热收缩率可以为0.002％。
本实施例中，为了保证调光结构的透光率，电极采用透明导电材料比如ITO，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的透过率大于80％。
为了保证调光结构的性能，第一透明电极41和第二透明电极42的方阻范围可以为20～200Ω/□。
本实施例的调光结构中，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的耐受温度范围为100-170摄氏度，由于采用耐温170摄氏度以下的第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32，同时第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22的耐热温度也小于120摄氏度，因此本实施例的调光结构采用低温工艺制作。本实施例中，在制作调光结构时，是将第一柔性基底31、第二柔性基底32通过第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22分别贴覆在第一硬质基板11和第二硬质基板12上进行的，由于第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的耐受温度范围为100-170摄氏度，第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22的解粘温度需要低于170摄氏度，比如低于150摄氏度，否则会容易损伤到第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32；如果第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22的解粘温度低于150摄氏度，则要求其他工艺的温度与第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22的解粘温度至少有40摄氏度的温度差，否则第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22在工艺过程中会发生部分解粘，影响产品的正常制作，因此所有的工艺温度和材料温度最好满足110摄氏度以下的温度需求，即能够在110摄氏度以下之中调光结构。
第一取向层51和第二取向层52的耐受温度范围为100-130摄氏度，具体可以采用固化温度为100摄氏度，固化时间为90s左右的常白液晶取向膜；隔垫物6采用固化温度为90-110摄氏度的隔垫物材料，具体地，本实施例可以采用固化温度为110摄氏度固化时间为1小时的带粘性的黑色隔垫物材料，黑色隔垫物材料需要在110摄氏度以下可以融化粘在柔性基底上支撑盒厚且 不发生滑动。
本实施例的调光结构采用低温工艺制作，所采用的膜层材料为低温工艺材料，既可以防止第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32受到损伤，另外也可以避免温度过高第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22发生不良反应，在制作过程中难以将第一柔性基底31从第一硬质基板11上剥离下来，难以将第二柔性基底32从第二硬质基板12上剥离下来。
本实施例的染料液晶可以采用耐温范围为-40～150摄氏度的染料液晶，在150摄氏度的高温下1小时后液晶可恢复至正常工作状态且不影响信赖性；-40摄氏度无染料结晶析出，恢复常温后可正常工作，不损伤器件取向及光学性能。
本实施例中，第一透明电极41和第二透明电极42可以为整层的面状电极，可以实现整面调光的功能；第一透明电极41还可以包括多个相互独立的块状子电极，这样可以实现分区调光功能，可以通过激光对整层的电极进行刻蚀形成多个相互独立的块状子电极，激光波长范围可以为200-380nm，之后可以通过独立控制每个块状子电极实现分区调光功能，即调光结构可以选择性的点亮某一区域，进行区域调光，其他部分保持透明或黑态，驱动电压可以为0-24V。为了避免相邻分区相互影响，相邻所述块状子电极之间的间距大于等于40um；还可以对第一透明电极41做复杂图案化处理，使得第一透明电极41可以进行简单的文字显示，如交通工具电量，温度，时间等信息，第一透明电极41包括多个相互独立的文字图案状子电极。具体地，可以通过曝光显影刻蚀等工艺制作文字图案状子电极，为了防止第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32受到损伤，另外也避免温度过高第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22发生不良反应，在形成透明电极材料层时，退火温度小于等于150摄氏度，为了避免相邻文字图案相互影响，相邻所述文字图案状子电极之间的间距大于等于2um，之后可以采用带芯片的PM(被动)驱动方式实现不同信息动态显示，驱动电压0-16v可调。值得注意的是，需要保证整体调光结构的透过率>40％。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种调光模组，包括如上所述的调光结构。
所述调光模组还包括：
与所述调光结构绑定的柔性电路板，所述柔性电路板通过ACF(异方性导电)胶与所述调光结构绑定。
所述ACF胶中的金颗粒的直径大于20um，如果ACF胶中的金颗粒的直径较小，比如小于15um，则无法满足柔性绑定的需求，因为如果金颗粒的直径太小，透过柔性基底无法判断金颗粒是否开口，无法判断金颗粒的有效性，只有增加金颗粒的直径后才可以通过柔性基底看到明显的金颗粒开口状况，判断工艺压合的有效性。
在进行柔性电路板的绑定时，绑定温度可以为200-320摄氏度，比如可以为240度，绑定时间为10-20s，优选10s，因为第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的耐受温度为150摄氏度，200-320摄氏度的高温在短时间内(10-20s)不会对第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32造成破坏性损伤，如果绑定时间过短会导致绑定不牢固，绑定时间过长会对第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32造成形变损伤。绑定压力可以为2-5Kgf,优选4.5Kgf，如果绑定压力过小会使得柔性电路板绑定不牢固，绑定压力过大会使得第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32穿孔，无法正常工作。
如图3所示，一种可能的绑定方式为，第一柔性电路板14与第一柔性基底31上的绑定区绑定，第二柔性电路板15与第二柔性基底32上的绑定区绑定；或者，如图4所示，一种可能的绑定方式为，第一柔性电路板14和第二柔性电路板15均与第二柔性基底32上的绑定区绑定，第一柔性基底31上的第一透明电极41与第二柔性基底32上的绑定区连接；或者，如图5所示，第一柔性基底31上的第一透明电极41与第二柔性基底32上的绑定区连接，柔性电路板13与第二柔性基底32上的绑定区绑定。
本实施例的调光模组可以应用在乘用车车窗中以及其他需要调光的结构中。在调光模组应用在乘用车车窗中时，所述调光模组还包括钢化玻璃。一实施例中，如图6所示，调光模组包括相对设置的第一钢化玻璃8和第二钢化玻璃9，调光结构11位于所述第一钢化玻璃8和所述第二钢化玻璃9之间，所述调光结构11通过黏合层10固定在所述第一钢化玻璃8朝向所述第二钢化玻璃9的一侧，所述调光结构11与所述第二钢化玻璃9相距一定距离。另一实施例中，如图7所示，调光模组包括相对设置的第一钢化玻璃8和第二 钢化玻璃9，调光结构11位于所述第一钢化玻璃8和所述第二钢化玻璃9之间，所述调光结构11通过黏合层10固定在所述第一钢化玻璃8朝向所述第二钢化玻璃9的一侧，所述调光结构11远离所述第一钢化玻璃8的一侧通过黏合层10与所述第二钢化玻璃9固定。又一实施例中，如图8所示，所述调光模组包括第一钢化玻璃8，所述调光结构11通过黏合层10固定在所述钢化玻璃上，调光模组还包括覆盖所述调光结构11的保护膜12。
可以根据不同的车型采用不同结构的调光模组，上述实施例中，钢化玻璃厚度为4-12mm，优选4mm；黏合层10可以采用PVB(聚乙烯醇缩丁醛)或CCF(聚丙烯)或OCA(光学胶)或SGP(离子型胶片)或EVA(乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物)等，厚度可以为0.3-0.9mm，优选0.78mm；调光结构的厚度为0.15-0.38mm，优选0.15mm；保护膜12厚度为100-600um,优选110um。
以黏合层10采用PVB为例，在制作调光模组时，先对钢化玻璃进行处理，对钢化玻璃进行烘弯，使得钢化玻璃具有一定的曲度，在第一钢化玻璃8上形成PVB，利用PVB固定调光结构，再在调光结构上形成PVB，再将第二钢化玻璃9与上述结构进行合片，即可制作得到调光模组。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种调光结构的制作方法，如图1所示，包括：
提供一第一硬质基板11；
在所述第一硬质基板11上形成第一粘结层21；
在所述第一粘结层21上形成第一柔性基底31；
在所述第一柔性基底31上形成第一透明电极41；
在所述第一透明电极41远离所述第一柔性基底31的一侧形成第一取向层51和隔垫物6；
提供一第二硬质基板12；
在所述第二硬质基板12上形成第二粘结层22；
在所述第二粘结层22上形成第二柔性基底32；
在所述第二柔性基底32上形成第二透明电极42；
在所述第二透明电极42远离所述第二柔性基底32的一侧形成第二取向层52；
将所述第一硬质基板11与所述第二硬质基板12对盒，在所述第一取向 层51和所述第二取向层52之间形成染料液晶层7；
将所述第一硬质基板11和所述第一粘结层21与所述第一柔性基底31分离，将所述第二硬质基板12和所述第二粘结层22与所述第二柔性基底32分离。
本实施例中，第一硬质基板11、第二硬质基板12、第一粘结层21以及第二粘结层22均为调光结构制作过程中的载体，在制作完成调光结构后，需要去除第一硬质基板11、第二硬质基板12、第一粘结层21以及第二粘结层22。
本实施例的调光结构可以实现透明与黑态的切换，与柔性PDLC相比(可实现透明和乳白色之间的切换)，与车身的匹配性更好，并且雾度能够小于1％，能够使得乘车人看清车外的环境，比柔性PDLC更符合安全要求。与柔性EPD相比，本实施例的调光结构的雾度更小，并且可以实现双曲，能够满足乘用车车窗对曲度的要求；与柔性ECD(响应速度0.1-0.9s)相比，本实施例的调光结构的液晶响应速度可以小于40ms，可以满足乘用车车窗对快速响应的要求。
本实施例的第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32可以采用PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)、COP(环烯烃聚合物)、CPI(透明聚酰亚胺)或TAC(三醋酸纤维)，在调光结构应用于乘用车车窗时，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32在车辆遇到撞击时不会发生碎裂，不会威胁到乘车人的安全。为了满足乘用车车窗对曲度的要求，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32需要满足在x轴方向上的曲率半径大于1800mm，在y轴方向上的曲率半径大于2000mm。
第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的厚度可以为40-200um，在x轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，在y轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，如果第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的热收缩率大于0.03％时，在110度或110度以上的高温时，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32会发生较大的形变，而硬质基板比如玻璃基板的热收缩率几乎可以忽略，当第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32贴在硬质基板上发生受热收缩时会带着硬质基板发生翘曲，会导致整个工艺过程无法进行，因此要求第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32贴在硬质基板上受热时不能发生太大形变，因此第一柔性基底31 和第二柔性基底32在x轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，在y轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，具体地，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32在x轴方向上的热收缩率可以为0.002％，在y轴方向上的热收缩率可以为0.002％。
本实施例中，为了保证调光结构的透光率，电极采用透明导电材料比如ITO，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的透过率大于80％。
为了保证调光结构的性能，第一透明电极41和第二透明电极42的方阻范围可以为20～200Ω/□。
本实施例的调光结构中，第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的耐受温度范围为100-170摄氏度，由于采用耐温170摄氏度以下的第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32，同时第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22的耐热温度也小于120摄氏度，因此本实施例的调光结构采用低温工艺制作。本实施例中，在制作调光结构时，是将第一柔性基底31、第二柔性基底32通过第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22分别贴覆在第一硬质基板11和第二硬质基板12上进行的，由于第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32的耐受温度范围为100-170摄氏度，第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22的解粘温度需要低于170摄氏度，比如低于150摄氏度，否则会容易损伤到第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32；如果第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22的解粘温度低于150摄氏度，则要求其他工艺的温度与第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22的解粘温度至少有40摄氏度的温度差，否则第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22在工艺过程中会发生部分解粘，影响产品的正常制作，因此所有的工艺温度和材料温度最好满足110摄氏度以下的温度需求，即能够在110摄氏度以下之中调光结构。
第一取向层51和第二取向层52的耐受温度范围为100-130摄氏度，具体可以采用固化温度为100摄氏度，固化时间为90s左右的常白液晶取向膜；隔垫物6采用固化温度为90-110摄氏度的隔垫物材料，具体地，本实施例可以采用固化温度为110摄氏度固化时间为1小时的带粘性的黑色隔垫物材料，黑色隔垫物材料需要在110摄氏度以下可以融化粘在柔性基底上支撑盒厚且不发生滑动。
本实施例的调光结构采用低温工艺制作，所采用的膜层材料为低温工艺 材料，既可以防止第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32受到损伤，另外也可以避免温度过高第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22发生不良反应，在制作过程中难以将第一柔性基底31从第一硬质基板11上剥离下来，难以将第二柔性基底32从第二硬质基板12上剥离下来。
本实施例的染料液晶可以采用耐温范围为-40～150摄氏度的染料液晶，在150摄氏度的高温下1小时后液晶可恢复至正常工作状态且不影响信赖性；-40摄氏度无染料结晶析出，恢复常温后可正常工作，不损伤器件取向及光学性能。
一些实施例中，形成所述第一透明电极41包括：
形成整层的面状电极；或
形成多个相互独立的块状子电极；或
形成多个相互独立的文字图案状子电极。
本实施例中，第一透明电极41和第二透明电极42可以为整层的面状电极，可以实现整面调光的功能；第一透明电极41还可以包括多个相互独立的块状子电极，这样可以实现分区调光功能，可以通过激光对整层的电极进行刻蚀形成多个相互独立的块状子电极，激光波长范围可以为200-380nm，之后可以通过独立控制每个块状子电极实现分区调光功能，即调光结构可以选择性的点亮某一区域，进行区域调光，其他部分保持透明或黑态，驱动电压可以为0-24V。为了避免相邻分区相互影响，相邻所述块状子电极之间的间距大于等于40um；还可以对第一透明电极41做复杂图案化处理，使得第一透明电极41可以进行简单的文字显示，如交通工具电量，温度，时间等信息，第一透明电极41包括多个相互独立的文字图案状子电极。具体地，可以通过曝光显影刻蚀等工艺制作文字图案状子电极，为了防止第一柔性基底31和第二柔性基底32受到损伤，另外也避免温度过高第一粘结层21和第二粘结层22发生不良反应，在形成透明电极材料层时，退火温度小于等于150摄氏度，为了避免相邻文字图案相互影响，相邻所述文字图案状子电极之间的间距大于等于2um，之后可以采用带芯片的PM(被动)驱动方式实现不同信息动态显示，驱动电压0-16v可调。值得注意的是，需要保证整体调光结构的透过率>40％。
需要说明，本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于实施例而言，由于其基本相似于产品实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见产品实施例的部分说明即可。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
可以理解，当诸如层、膜、区域或基板之类的元件被称作位于另一元件“上”或“下”时，该元件可以“直接”位于另一元件“上”或“下”，或者可以存在中间元件。
在上述实施方式的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种调光结构，其特征在于，包括：
    相对设置的第一柔性基底和第二柔性基底；
    位于所述第一柔性基底和所述第二柔性基底之间的第一透明电极和第二透明电极；
    位于所述第一柔性基底朝向所述第二柔性基底一侧的第一取向层；
    位于所述第二柔性基底朝向所述第一柔性基底一侧的第二取向层；
    位于所述第一取向层和所述第二取向层之间的隔垫物和染料液晶层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的调光结构，其特征在于，
    所述第一透明电极位于所述第一柔性基底朝向所述第二柔性基底的一侧；
    所述第二透明电极位于所述第二柔性基底朝向所述第一柔性基底的一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的调光结构，其特征在于，
    所述第一透明电极为整层的面状电极；或
    所述第一透明电极包括多个相互独立的块状子电极；或
    所述第一透明电极包括多个相互独立的文字图案状子电极。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的调光结构，其特征在于，
    相邻所述块状子电极之间的间距大于等于40um；
    相邻所述文字图案状子电极之间的间距大于等于2um。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的调光结构，其特征在于，所述调光结构的厚度为0.15～0.38mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的调光结构，其特征在于，
    所述第一柔性基底的厚度为40-200um，在x轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，在y轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，透过率大于80％，在x轴方向上的曲率半径大于1800mm，在y轴方向上的曲率半径大于2000mm；
    所述第二柔性基底的厚度为40-200um，在x轴方向上的热收缩率小于等 于0.03％，在y轴方向上的热收缩率小于等于0.03％，透过率大于80％，在x轴方向上的曲率半径大于1800mm，在y轴方向上的曲率半径大于2000mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的调光结构，其特征在于，所述第一柔性基底的耐受温度范围为100-170摄氏度，所述第二柔性基底的耐受温度范围为100-170摄氏度，所述第一取向层的耐受温度范围为100-130摄氏度，所述第二取向层的耐受温度范围为100-130摄氏度，所述隔垫物的固化温度范围为90-110摄氏度，所述染料液晶的耐温范围为-40～150摄氏度。
  8. 一种调光模组，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的调光结构。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的调光模组，其特征在于，所述调光模组还包括：
    与所述调光结构绑定的柔性电路板，所述柔性电路板通过ACF胶与所述调光结构绑定，所述ACF胶中的金颗粒的直径大于20um。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的调光模组，其特征在于，所述调光模组还包括相对设置的第一钢化玻璃和第二钢化玻璃，所述调光结构位于所述第一钢化玻璃和所述第二钢化玻璃之间，所述调光结构通过黏合层固定在所述第一钢化玻璃朝向所述第二钢化玻璃的一侧。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的调光模组，其特征在于，所述调光结构与所述第二钢化玻璃相距一定距离；或
    所述调光结构远离所述第一钢化玻璃的一侧通过黏合层与所述第二钢化玻璃固定。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的调光模组，其特征在于，所述调光模组还包括：
    钢化玻璃，所述调光结构通过黏合层固定在所述钢化玻璃上；
    覆盖所述调光结构的保护膜。
  13. 一种调光结构的制作方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提供一第一硬质基板；
    在所述第一硬质基板上形成第一粘结层；
    在所述第一粘结层上形成第一柔性基底；
    在所述第一柔性基底上形成第一透明电极；
    在所述第一透明电极远离所述第一柔性基底的一侧形成第一取向层和隔垫物；
    提供一第二硬质基板；
    在所述第二硬质基板上形成第二粘结层；
    在所述第二粘结层上形成第二柔性基底；
    在所述第二柔性基底上形成第二透明电极；
    在所述第二透明电极远离所述第二柔性基底的一侧形成第二取向层；
    将所述第一硬质基板与所述第二硬质基板对盒，在所述第一取向层和所述第二取向层之间形成染料液晶层；
    将所述第一硬质基板和所述第一粘结层与所述第一柔性基底分离，将所述第二硬质基板和所述第二粘结层与所述第二柔性基底分离。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的调光结构的制作方法，其特征在于，形成所述第一透明电极包括：
    形成整层的面状电极；或
    形成多个相互独立的块状子电极；或
    形成多个相互独立的文字图案状子电极。
PCT/CN2021/094601 2020-06-29 2021-05-19 调光结构及其制作方法、调光模组 Ceased WO2022001450A1 (zh)

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