WO2022070649A1 - 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries that charge and discharge by moving Li ions or the like between the positive electrode and the negative electrode have been widely used, and in recent years, further improvement of battery characteristics has been required.
- the negative electrode contains an irreversible negative electrode active material such as a Si-based material
- the positive electrode contains Li 2 NiO 2 as a Li filler, so that a sufficient amount of Li ions can be used as the negative electrode at the time of initial charging.
- a secondary battery that is supplied to suppress a decrease in the capacity retention rate of initial charge / discharge is disclosed.
- the highly active LiNiO 2 is present in the positive electrode active material after the initial charge / discharge, and the LiNiO 2 reacts with the electrolyte, so that there is a problem that the resistance increases as the charge / discharge is repeated.
- the technique of Patent Document 1 does not consider the increase in resistance during initial charging / discharging, and there is still room for improvement.
- the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a first lithium transition metal composite oxide and a second lithium transition metal composite oxide.
- the ratio of the mass of the second lithium transition metal composite oxide to the total mass of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide is 0.1% or more and less than 15%, and the first lithium.
- the transition metal composite oxide has the general formula Li x Ni 1-y-z Coy M1 z O 2 (in the formula, 0.97 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0). 5.
- M1 is a core represented by at least one element selected from Mn, W, Mg, Mo, Nb, Ti, Si, and Al) and a surface modification layer existing on at least the surface of the core.
- the surface modification layer contains M2 (M2 is at least one element selected from Sr, Ca, W, Mg, Nb, and Al), and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide is at least general.
- Formula Li a Ni b M3 1-b O 2 In the formula, 1.5 ⁇ a ⁇ 2.5, 0.95 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.00, M3 is Cu, Sr, Ca, Nb, Si, and Al. Contains compounds represented by at least one element selected from).
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a positive electrode including the positive electrode active material for the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which is one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which an increase in resistance during initial charging / discharging is suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which is an example of an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a mixed state of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide in the positive electrode active material which is an example of the embodiment.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery charges and discharges by moving Li ions or the like between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- part of the Li ions that have moved from the positive electrode to the negative electrode during charging remain absorbed by the negative electrode active material and are not released from the negative electrode during discharge, reducing the capacity retention rate of the battery.
- the phenomenon is seen. This phenomenon is also observed when a carbon-based material such as general graphite is used, and is particularly remarkable when an irreversible material such as a Si-based material is used.
- the present inventors have made a first lithium transition metal composite oxide having a modified layer containing Sr, Ca and the like on the surface, and a second Li-filling agent. It has been found that the increase in battery resistance can be specifically suppressed by using a positive electrode active material in which a lithium transition metal composite oxide coexists in a certain ratio.
- the surface modification layer of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide protects the second lithium transition metal composite oxide from the surroundings, thereby causing a side reaction between the second lithium transition metal composite oxide and the electrolyte after releasing Li. It is presumed to suppress it.
- a cylindrical battery in which a wound electrode body is housed in a cylindrical outer body is illustrated, but the electrode body is not limited to the wound type, and a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes are interposed via a separator. It may be a laminated type in which one sheet is alternately laminated one by one. Further, the exterior body is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be, for example, a square shape, a coin shape, or the like, or may be a battery case made of a laminated sheet including a metal layer and a resin layer.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 which is an example of an embodiment.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 includes an electrode body 14, a non-aqueous electrolyte, and a battery case 15 accommodating the electrode body 14 and the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the electrode body 14 has a wound structure in which a positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12 are wound via a separator 13.
- the battery case 15 is composed of a bottomed cylindrical outer can 16 and a sealing body 17 that closes the opening of the outer can 16.
- the electrode body 14 includes a long positive electrode 11, a long negative electrode 12, two long separators 13, a positive electrode tab 20 bonded to the positive electrode 11, and a negative electrode bonded to the negative electrode 12. It is composed of tabs 21.
- the negative electrode 12 is formed to have a size one size larger than that of the positive electrode 11 in order to prevent the precipitation of lithium. That is, the negative electrode 12 is formed longer than the positive electrode 11 in the longitudinal direction and the width direction (short direction).
- the two separators 13 are formed at least one size larger than the positive electrode 11, and are arranged so as to sandwich the positive electrode 11, for example.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 includes insulating plates 18 and 19 arranged above and below the electrode body 14, respectively.
- the positive electrode tab 20 attached to the positive electrode 11 extends toward the sealing body 17 through the through hole of the insulating plate 18, and the negative electrode tab 21 attached to the negative electrode 12 passes through the outside of the insulating plate 19. It extends to the bottom side of the outer can 16.
- the positive electrode tab 20 is connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate 23 of the sealing body 17 by welding or the like, and the cap 27 of the sealing body 17 electrically connected to the bottom plate 23 serves as a positive electrode terminal.
- the negative electrode tab 21 is connected to the inner surface of the bottom of the outer can 16 by welding or the like, and the outer can 16 serves as a negative electrode terminal.
- the outer can 16 is, for example, a bottomed cylindrical metal container.
- a gasket 28 is provided between the outer can 16 and the sealing body 17, and the internal space of the battery case 15 is sealed.
- the outer can 16 has a grooved portion 22 that supports the sealing body 17, which is formed by pressing a side surface portion from the outside, for example.
- the grooved portion 22 is preferably formed in an annular shape along the circumferential direction of the outer can 16, and the sealing body 17 is supported on the upper surface thereof.
- the sealing body 17 has a structure in which a bottom plate 23, a lower valve body 24, an insulating member 25, an upper valve body 26, and a cap 27 are laminated in this order from the electrode body 14 side.
- Each member constituting the sealing body 17 has, for example, a disk shape or a ring shape, and each member except the insulating member 25 is electrically connected to each other.
- the lower valve body 24 and the upper valve body 26 are connected to each other at the central portion thereof, and an insulating member 25 is interposed between the peripheral portions thereof.
- the positive electrode 11, the negative electrode 12, the separator 13, and the non-aqueous electrolyte constituting the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 will be described in detail, and in particular, the positive electrode active material contained in the positive electrode mixture layer 31 constituting the positive electrode 11 will be described in detail.
- the positive electrode 11 has a positive electrode current collector 30 and a positive electrode mixture layer 31 formed on both sides of the positive electrode current collector 30.
- a foil of a metal stable in the potential range of the positive electrode 11, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, a film in which the metal is arranged on the surface layer, or the like can be used.
- the positive electrode mixture layer 31 may contain a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder.
- a positive electrode mixture slurry containing a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, a binder and the like is applied to the surface of the positive electrode current collector 30, the coating film is dried, and then compressed to obtain a positive electrode mixture. It can be manufactured by forming the layer 31 on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector 30.
- Examples of the conductive agent contained in the positive electrode mixture layer 31 include carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, and graphite.
- Examples of the binder contained in the positive electrode mixture layer 31 include fluororesins such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimides, acrylic resins, and polyolefins. These resins may be used in combination with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or a salt thereof, polyethylene oxide (PEO) and the like.
- the positive electrode active material contained in the positive electrode mixture layer 31 includes a first lithium transition metal composite oxide and a second lithium transition metal composite oxide.
- the ratio of the mass of the second lithium transition metal composite oxide to the total mass of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide is 0.1% or more and less than 15%. Yes, 1% or more and 14% or less are preferable.
- the positive electrode active material contains a lithium transition metal composite oxide other than the first lithium transition metal composite oxide and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide, or other compounds, as long as the object of the present disclosure is not impaired. It may be.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a mixed state of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50 and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 in the positive electrode active material.
- the first lithium transition metal having the surface modification layer 54 described later is provided.
- the composite oxide 50 surrounds and protects the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56, and can suppress an increase in the resistance of the battery.
- the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50 includes a core 52 and a surface modification layer 54 present on at least the surface of the core 52.
- the core 52 may be secondary particles formed by aggregating primary particles.
- the surface modification layer 54 may be present on the surface of at least the secondary particles of the core 52, and may be present at the interface where the primary particles are in contact with each other.
- the volume-based median diameter (D50) of the core 52 may be, for example, 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- D50 means a particle size in which the cumulative frequency is 50% from the smaller size in the volume-based particle size distribution, and is also called a medium diameter.
- the particle size distribution of the secondary particles of the lithium transition metal composite oxide can be measured using a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device (for example, MT3000II manufactured by Microtrac Bell Co., Ltd.) and water as a dispersion medium.
- the particle size of the primary particles constituting the core 52 (secondary particles) may be, for example, 0.05 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
- the particle size of the primary particle is measured as the diameter of the circumscribed circle in the particle image observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- the core 52 has a general formula Li x Ni 1-y-z Coy M1 z O 2 (in the formula, 0.97 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.5, M1 is a composite oxide represented by at least one element selected from Mn, W, Mg, Mo, Nb, Ti, Si, and Al).
- (1-yz) indicating the ratio of Ni to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li in the core 52 satisfies 0.3 ⁇ (1-yz) ⁇ 1 and 0.5 ⁇ (1).
- -Yz) ⁇ 0.97 is preferably satisfied, and 0.8 ⁇ (1-yz) ⁇ 0.95 is more preferable.
- the mole fraction of the metal element contained in the core 52 is measured by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopy.
- ICP inductively coupled plasma
- the core 52 may have a structure identified in the space group R-3m. This makes it possible to maintain a stable crystal structure while increasing the capacity.
- the core 52 may have a layered structure including a transition metal layer, a Li layer, and an oxygen layer. As will be described later, since the surface modification layer 54 is thin and the core 52 occupies a large proportion in the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50, the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50 is identified in the space group R-3m. You may.
- the surface modification layer 54 is formed on at least the surface of the core 52 and protects the core 52 while also protecting the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56. As a result, side reactions with the electrolyte are suppressed, and an increase in resistance during initial charging / discharging can be suppressed. As shown in FIG. 2, the surface modification layer 54 may be present in dots so as to cover at least a part of the surface of the core 52, or may be present so as to cover the entire surface of the core 52. Further, the thickness of the surface modification layer 54 may be, for example, 0.1 nm to 5 nm.
- the surface modification layer 54 contains M2 (M2 is at least one element selected from Sr, Ca, W, Mg, Nb, and Al).
- the surface modification layer 54 may contain M2 in the form of a compound containing M2.
- the compound containing M2 include oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates, and examples thereof include SrO, CaO, Sr (OH) 2 , Ca (OH) 2 , SrCO 3 , and CaCO 3 .
- the surface modification layer 54 may further contain Li. Examples of the Li-containing compound include Li 2 O, LiOH, and Li 2 CO 3 .
- the content of M2 in the surface modification layer 54 may be 0.05 mol% to 0.5 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li in the core. Within this range, the surface modification layer 54 can be stabilized by electronic interaction. When the surface modification layer 54 contains a plurality of types of M2, the total content of the plurality of types of M2 may be 0.05 mol% to 0.50 mol%.
- the presence of M2 in the surface-modified layer 54 can be confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDX). Further, the content of M2 in the surface modification layer 54 can be measured by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopic analysis of a solution in which the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50 is dissolved in fluorine.
- ICP inductively coupled plasma
- the first step of obtaining a composite oxide containing a metal element such as Ni or M1 is mixed with the composite oxide, the Li raw material, and the M2 raw material.
- the second step of obtaining the mixture and the third step of calcining the mixture to obtain the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50 may be included.
- Parameters such as the composition of the surface modification layer in the finally obtained positive electrode active material can be adjusted by controlling, for example, the mixing ratio of the raw materials in the second step, the firing temperature and time in the third step, and the like.
- the first step for example, while stirring a solution of a metal salt containing a metal element such as Ni or M1, an alkaline solution such as sodium hydroxide is added dropwise, and the pH is adjusted to the alkaline side (for example, 8.5 to 12.5).
- an alkaline solution such as sodium hydroxide
- calcining the composite hydroxide causes a composite oxidation containing a metal element such as Ni or M1.
- the firing temperature is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range of 300 ° C to 600 ° C.
- the composite oxide obtained in the first step, the Li raw material, and the M2 raw material are mixed to obtain a mixture.
- the Li raw material include Li 2 CO 3 , LiOH, Li 2 O 2 , Li 2 O, LiNO 3 , LiNO 2 , Li 2 SO 4 , LiOH / H 2 O, LiH, LiF and the like.
- the M2 raw material include oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, nitrates, sulfates and the like of M2.
- the mixing ratio of the composite oxide obtained in the first step and the Li raw material is, for example, a metal element excluding Li: molar ratio of Li in that it is easy to adjust each of the above parameters to the above-specified range.
- the ratio is in the range of 1: 0.98 to 1: 1.22.
- the mixing ratio of the composite oxide obtained in the first step and the M2 raw material is such that it is easy to adjust each of the above parameters to the above-specified range, and for example, a metal element excluding Li: M2.
- the molar ratio of 1 is preferably in the range of 1: 0.0005 to 1: 0.005.
- another metal raw material may be added as needed.
- the other metal raw material is an oxide containing a metal element other than the metal element constituting the composite oxide obtained in the first step.
- the mixture obtained in the second step is calcined at a predetermined temperature and time to obtain a calcined product.
- the firing of the mixture in the third step includes, for example, a first firing step of firing in a firing furnace at a first heating rate to a first set temperature of 450 ° C. or higher and 680 ° C. or lower under an oxygen stream, and the first firing.
- a multi-step firing step may be provided, which includes a second firing step of firing in a firing furnace at a second heating rate to a second set temperature of more than 680 ° C and 800 ° C or less under an oxygen stream.
- the first temperature rise rate is in the range of 1.5 ° C./min to 5.5 ° C./min
- the second temperature rise rate is slower than the first temperature rise rate, 0.1 ° C./min to 3 It may be in the range of .5 ° C./min.
- parameters such as the composition of the surface modification layer 54 can be adjusted within the above-defined range.
- a plurality of first temperature rise rate and second temperature rise rate may be set for each temperature region as long as it is within the above-specified range.
- the holding time of the first set temperature in the first firing step is preferably 0 hours to 5 hours, more preferably 0 hours to 3 hours, in that each of the above parameters of the lithium transition metal composite oxide is adjusted to the above-specified range.
- the holding time of the first set temperature is the time for maintaining the first set temperature after reaching the first set temperature.
- the holding time of the second set temperature in the second firing step is preferably 1 hour to 10 hours, more preferably 1 hour to 5 hours in terms of adjusting each of the above parameters of the lithium transition metal composite oxide to the above-specified range. preferable.
- the holding time of the second set temperature is the time for maintaining the second set temperature after reaching the second set temperature.
- the mixture is fired in an oxygen stream having an oxygen concentration of 60% or more, and the flow rate of the oxygen stream is set to 0. It can range from 2 mL / min to 4 mL / min and 0.3 L / min or more per kg of the mixture.
- the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50 may be washed with water, dehydrated and dried to remove impurities.
- an M2 raw material is added to the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50, and heat treatment is performed at 150 ° C. to 400 ° C. for 0.5 hours to 15 hours in a vacuum atmosphere, for example.
- the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50 on which the surface modification layer 54 is formed may be produced.
- a mixture is prepared without adding the M2 raw material in the second step, and the M2 raw material is added after the third step.
- heat treatment at 150 ° C. to 400 ° C. for 0.5 to 15 hours in a vacuum atmosphere. May be carried out to prepare the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50.
- the molar fraction of the metal element contained in the first lithium transition metal composite oxide 50 obtained above was measured by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopic analysis and was measured by the general formula Li x Ni 1-yz Co. y M1 z M2 w O 2 (in the formula, 0.97 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.5, 0.0005 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.005, M1 is At least one element selected from Mn, W, Mg, Mo, Nb, Ti, Si, and Al, M2 is at least one element selected from Sr, Ca, W, Mg, Nb, and Al) Can be represented by.
- ICP inductively coupled plasma
- the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 has at least the general formula Li a Ni b M3 1-b O 2 (in the formula, 1.5 ⁇ a ⁇ 2.5, 0.95 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.00, M3 is , Cu, Sr, Ca, Nb, Si, and at least one element selected from Al).
- the compound represented by the general formula Li a Ni b M3 1-b O 2 (hereinafter referred to as Li filler) contains a large amount of Li and can supply Li ions to the negative electrode 12 at the time of initial charge / discharge. ..
- the Li filler after the initial charge / discharge releases and occludes Li ions at the time of charge / discharge, and functions as a positive electrode active material.
- the Li filler after the initial charge / discharge may be, for example, Li c NiO 2 (0.5 ⁇ c ⁇ 1.5).
- the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 may be produced, for example, as follows. (1) A predetermined amount of Li raw material, Ni raw material, and M3 raw material are crushed and mixed to prepare a mixture. (2) The mixture is calcined, for example, in an inert gas atmosphere at 500 ° C. to 800 ° C. for 10 hours to 30 hours, and further crushed to obtain a second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56.
- the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 may be obtained by molding the mixture into pellets in the above step (1), firing the mixture in the above step (2), and then crushing the mixture. ..
- Li raw material examples include Li 2 CO 3 , LiOH, Li 2 O 2 , Li 2 O, LiNO 3 , LiNO 2 , Li 2 SO 4 , LiOH / H 2 O, LiH, LiF and the like.
- Ni raw material examples include NiO, Ni (OH) 2 , NiCO 3 , NiSO 4 , Ni (NO 3 ) 2 , and the like.
- M3 raw material examples include oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, nitrates, sulfates and the like of M3. The mixing ratio of each raw material can be adjusted so that the composition of the obtained Li filler is within the range specified above.
- the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 containing Li 2 NiO 2 as a Li filler is 56.
- the inert gas include N2 .
- the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 may contain Li 2 O and Ni O. When the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 is produced as described above, Li 2O and NiO may be contained in the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 as unreacted components.
- the amount of Li extracted into NMP is 100 ⁇ . It is preferably mol / g or less.
- the amount of Li contained in the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 in a state of being easily extracted by NMP can be measured.
- the amount of Li extracted into NMP exceeds 100 ⁇ mol / g, the properties of the positive electrode mixture slurry may deteriorate.
- the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 may have a structure identified in the space group Immm.
- the Li filler contained in the second lithium transition metal composite oxide 56 may have a structure identified in the space group Immm.
- the negative electrode 12 has a negative electrode current collector 40 and a negative electrode mixture layer 41 formed on both sides of the negative electrode current collector 40.
- a metal foil stable in the potential range of the negative electrode 12 such as copper or a copper alloy, a film on which the metal is arranged on the surface layer, or the like can be used.
- the negative electrode mixture layer 41 may contain a negative electrode active material and a binder. The thickness of the negative electrode mixture layer 41 is, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m on one side of the negative electrode current collector 40.
- a negative electrode mixture slurry containing a negative electrode active material, a binder, and the like is applied to the surface of the negative electrode current collector 40, the coating film is dried, and then rolled to roll the negative electrode mixture layer 41 into a negative electrode. It can be manufactured by forming it on both sides of the current collector 40.
- the negative electrode active material contained in the negative electrode mixture layer 41 is not particularly limited as long as it can reversibly occlude and release lithium ions, and a carbon-based material such as graphite is generally used.
- the graphite may be any of natural graphite such as scaly graphite, lump graphite and earthy graphite, and artificial graphite such as lump artificial graphite and graphitized mesophase carbon microbeads.
- a metal alloying with Li such as Si and Sn, a metal compound containing Si and Sn, and a lithium titanium composite oxide may be used. Further, those having a carbon film may be used.
- Si-containing compounds represented by SiO x (0.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.6) or Li 2y SiO (2 + y) (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2) containing fine particles of Si in the lithium silicate phase.
- Dispersed Si-containing compounds and the like may be used in combination with graphite.
- a fluororesin such as PTFE or PVdF, a PAN, a polyimide, an acrylic resin, a polyolefin or the like may be used as in the case of the positive electrode 11, but styrene is preferable.
- -Polyolefin rubber SBR
- the negative electrode mixture layer 41 may contain CMC or a salt thereof, polyacrylic acid (PAA) or a salt thereof, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and the like.
- a porous sheet having ion permeability and insulating property is used.
- the porous sheet include a microporous thin film, a woven fabric, and a non-woven fabric.
- the material of the separator polyethylene, polyolefin such as polypropylene, cellulose and the like are suitable.
- the separator 13 may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure. Further, the surface of the separator 13 may be provided with a resin layer having high heat resistance such as an aramid resin and a filler layer containing a filler of an inorganic compound.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte includes, for example, a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent.
- a non-aqueous solvent for example, esters, ethers, nitriles such as acetonitrile, amides such as dimethylformamide, and a mixed solvent of two or more of these can be used.
- the non-aqueous solvent may contain a halogen-substituted product in which at least a part of hydrogen in these solvents is substituted with a halogen atom such as fluorine.
- halogen substituent examples include a fluorinated cyclic carbonate ester such as fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), a fluorinated chain carbonate ester, and a fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester such as methyl fluoropropionate (FMP).
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- FMP fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester
- esters examples include cyclic carbonate esters such as ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC) and butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC) and methylpropyl carbonate.
- cyclic carbonate esters such as ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC) and butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC) and methylpropyl carbonate.
- GBL ⁇ -butyrolactone
- VL ⁇ -valerolactone
- MP propyl acetate
- EP methyl propionate
- ethers examples include 1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahexyl, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4.
- -Cyclic ethers such as dioxane, 1,3,5-trioxane, furan, 2-methylfuran, 1,8-cineole, crown ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether , Dihexyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, methyl phenyl ether, ethyl phenyl ether, butyl phenyl ether, pentyl phenyl ether, methoxy toluene, benzyl ethyl ether, diphenyl ether, dibenzyl ether, o-dimethoxybenzene, 1,2-diethoxy Chain ethers such as ethane, 1,2-dibutoxyethane, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl
- the electrolyte salt is preferably a lithium salt.
- lithium salts include LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiPF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlCl 4 , LiSCN, LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , Li (P (C 2 O 4 ) F 4 ), LiPF 6-x (C n F 2n + 1 ) x (1 ⁇ x ⁇ 6, n is 1 or 2 ), LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiCl, LiBr, LiI, chloroborane lithium, lower aliphatic carboxylate lithium, Li 2B 4 O 7 , borates such as Li (B (C 2 O 4 ) F 2 ), LiN (SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , LiN (C 1 F 2l + 1 SO 2 ) (C m F 2m + 1 SO 2 ) ⁇ l , M is an integer of 0 or more ⁇ and other imide salts.
- lithium salt these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- LiPF 6 is preferably used from the viewpoint of ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, and the like.
- concentration of the lithium salt is, for example, 0.8 mol to 1.8 mol per 1 L of the non-aqueous solvent.
- a vinylene carbonate or a propane sultone-based additive may be further added.
- Example 1 [Manufacturing of 1st Lithium Transition Metal Composite Oxide]
- the composite hydroxide represented by [Ni 0.91 Co 0.04 Al 0.05 ] (OH) 2 obtained by the coprecipitation method was calcined at 500 ° C. for 8 hours, and the composite oxide (Ni 0.91 ) was calcined. Co 0.04 Al 0.05 O 2 ) was obtained (first step).
- lithium hydroxide (LiOH), the above composite oxide, and Ca (OH) 2 have a molar ratio of Li, the total amount of Ni, Co, and Al, and Ca 1.02: 1: 0.0025.
- the mixture was obtained in the second step (second step). The mixture was heated from room temperature to 650 ° C.
- the composition of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide was LiNi 0.91 Co 0.04 Al 0.05 Ca 0.0025 O 2 .
- the Ca content in the surface modification layer was 0.25 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li in the core.
- the first lithium transition metal composite oxide was identified in the space group R-3m by X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, when the particle surface of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide was observed with TEM-EDX, it was confirmed that Ca was coated on a part of the surface of the primary particles.
- the first lithium transition metal composite oxide and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide were mixed at a mass ratio of 95: 5 to obtain a positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode active material, acetylene black (AB), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) are mixed at a solid content mass ratio of 92: 5: 3, an appropriate amount of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is added, and then this is added. Kneading was performed to prepare a positive electrode mixture slurry.
- the positive electrode mixture slurry is applied to a positive electrode current collector made of aluminum foil, the coating film is dried, and then the coating film is rolled using a rolling roller and cut to a predetermined electrode size to form a positive electrode current collector.
- a positive electrode having a positive electrode mixture layer formed on both sides was obtained. An exposed portion where the surface of the positive electrode current collector was exposed was provided on a part of the positive electrode.
- LiPF 6 Lithium hexafluorophosphate
- EC ethylene carbonate
- EMC ethylmethyl carbonate
- a Li foil cut out to a predetermined size was used as the negative electrode.
- An aluminum lead was attached to the exposed portion of the positive electrode and a nickel lead was attached to a predetermined position of the negative electrode, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode were opposed to each other via a polyolefin separator to prepare an electrode body.
- This electrode body was housed in the exterior body, and after injecting the non-aqueous electrolyte, the opening of the exterior body was sealed to obtain a test cell.
- Resistance increase rate (%) (resistance after 15 cycles-1 resistance after 1 cycle) / (resistance after 1 cycle) ⁇ Cycle test>
- the test cell was subjected to constant current charging at 0.3 C until the battery voltage reached 4.3 V under a temperature environment of 25 ° C., and constant voltage charged at 4.3 V until the current value reached 0.02 C. Then, constant current discharge was performed at 0.05 C until the battery voltage reached 2.5 V. This charge / discharge cycle was repeated for 15 cycles.
- Example 1 in the preparation of the positive electrode except that the first lithium transition metal composite oxide and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide are mixed at a mass ratio of 98: 2 to obtain a positive electrode active material.
- a test cell was obtained in the same manner as in the above, and evaluation was performed.
- Example 1 in the preparation of the positive electrode except that the first lithium transition metal composite oxide and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide are mixed at a mass ratio of 90:10 to obtain a positive electrode active material.
- a test cell was obtained in the same manner as in the above, and evaluation was performed.
- Example 4 Example 1 in the preparation of the positive electrode, except that the first lithium transition metal composite oxide and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide are mixed at a mass ratio of 88:12 to obtain a positive electrode active material. A test cell was obtained in the same manner as in the above, and evaluation was performed.
- Example 5 In the second step of producing the first lithium transition metal composite oxide, the molar ratio of LiOH, the composite oxide, Ca (OH) 2 to Li, the total amount of Ni, Co, and Al, and Ca is 1. Test cells were obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixture was mixed so as to have a ratio of 02: 1: 0.005 to obtain a mixture. As a result of ICP analysis, the composition of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide was LiNi 0.91 Co 0.04 Al 0.05 Ca 0.005 O 2 . The Ca content in the surface modification layer was 0.5 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li in the core. The first lithium transition metal composite oxide was identified in the space group R-3m by X-ray diffraction.
- Example 6> In the second step of producing the first lithium transition metal composite oxide, the molar ratio of LiOH, the composite oxide, Sr (OH) 2 to Li, the total amount of Ni, Co, and Al, and Sr is 1. Test cells were obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixture was mixed so as to have a ratio of 02: 1: 0.0008 to obtain a mixture. As a result of ICP analysis, the composition of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide was LiNi 0.91 Co 0.04 Al 0.05 Sr 0.0008 O 2 . The content of Sr in the surface modification layer was 0.08 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li in the core. The first lithium transition metal composite oxide was identified in the space group R-3m by X-ray diffraction.
- Example 7 In the second step of producing the first lithium transition metal composite oxide, the molar ratio of LiOH, the composite oxide, Sr (OH) 2 to Li, the total amount of Ni, Co, and Al, and Sr is 1. Test cells were obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixture was mixed so as to have a ratio of 02: 1: 0.0015 to obtain a mixture. As a result of ICP analysis, it was LiNi 0.91 Co 0.04 Al 0.05 Sr 0.0015 O 2 . The content of Sr in the surface modification layer was 0.15 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li in the core. The first lithium transition metal composite oxide was identified in the space group R-3m by X-ray diffraction.
- Example 1 in the preparation of the positive electrode except that the first lithium transition metal composite oxide and the second lithium transition metal composite oxide are mixed at a mass ratio of 85:15 to obtain a positive electrode active material.
- a test cell was obtained in the same manner as in the above, and evaluation was performed.
- Table 1 shows the resistance increase rates of Examples and Comparative Examples.
- the resistance increase rates of the test cells of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 shown in Table 1 are relatively expressed with the resistance increase rate of the test cells of Comparative Example 1 as 100.
- Table 1 shows the M2 element and its content contained in the surface modification layer of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide, and the first lithium transition metal composite oxide and the second lithium transition metal in the positive electrode active material. The mixing ratio of the composite oxide is also shown.
- test cells of Examples 1 to 7 had a lower resistance increase rate than the test cells of Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 11 Positive electrode 12 Negative electrode 13 Separator 14 Electrode body 15 Battery case 16 Exterior can 17 Sealing body 18, 19 Insulating plate 20 Positive electrode tab 21 Negative electrode tab 22 Grooving part 23 Bottom plate 24 Lower valve body 25 Insulating member 26 Valve body 27 Cap 28 Gasket 30 Positive electrode current collector 31 Positive electrode mixture layer 40 Negative electrode current collector 41 Negative electrode mixture layer 50 First lithium transition metal composite oxide 52 Core 54 Surface modification layer 56 Second lithium transition metal composite oxide
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Abstract
Description
正極11は、正極集電体30と、正極集電体30の両面に形成された正極合剤層31とを有する。正極集電体30には、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金など、正極11の電位範囲で安定な金属の箔、当該金属を表層に配置したフィルム等を用いることができる。正極合剤層31は、正極活物質、導電剤、及び結着剤を含んでもよい。正極11は、例えば、正極集電体30の表面に正極活物質、導電剤、及び結着剤等を含む正極合剤スラリーを塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧縮して正極合剤層31を正極集電体30の両面に形成することにより作製できる。
(1)所定量のLi原料、Ni原料、及びM3原料を粉砕しつつ混合して混合物を作製する。
(2)当該混合物を、例えば、不活性ガス雰囲気下、500℃~800℃で、10時間~30時間焼成し、さらに解砕することで第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物56を得る。
負極12は、負極集電体40と、負極集電体40の両面に形成された負極合剤層41とを有する。負極集電体40には、銅、銅合金等の負極12の電位範囲で安定な金属の箔、当該金属を表層に配置したフィルムなどを用いることができる。負極合剤層41は、負極活物質、及び結着剤を含んでもよい。負極合剤層41の厚みは、例えば、負極集電体40の片側で10μm~150μmである。負極12は、例えば、負極集電体40の表面に負極活物質、結着剤等を含む負極合剤スラリーを塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧延して負極合剤層41を負極集電体40の両面に形成することにより作製できる。
セパレータ13には、例えば、イオン透過性及び絶縁性を有する多孔性シートが用いられる。多孔性シートの具体例としては、微多孔薄膜、織布、不織布等が挙げられる。セパレータの材質としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン、セルロースなどが好適である。セパレータ13は、単層構造であってもよく、積層構造を有していてもよい。また、セパレータ13の表面には、アラミド樹脂等の耐熱性の高い樹脂層、無機化合物のフィラーを含むフィラー層が設けられていてもよい。
非水電解質は、例えば、非水溶媒と、非水溶媒に溶解した電解質塩とを含む。非水溶媒には、例えばエステル類、エーテル類、アセトニトリル等のニトリル類、ジメチルホルムアミド等のアミド類、及びこれらの2種以上の混合溶媒等を用いることができる。非水溶媒は、これら溶媒の水素の少なくとも一部をフッ素等のハロゲン原子で置換したハロゲン置換体を含有していてもよい。ハロゲン置換体としては、フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)等のフッ素化環状炭酸エステル、フッ素化鎖状炭酸エステル、フルオロプロピオン酸メチル(FMP)等のフッ素化鎖状カルボン酸エステルなどが挙げられる。
以下、実施例及び比較例により本開示をさらに説明するが、本開示は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
[第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の製造]
共沈法により得られた[Ni0.91Co0.04Al0.05](OH)2で表される複合水酸化物を500℃で8時間焼成し、複合酸化物(Ni0.91Co0.04Al0.05O2)を得た(第1工程)。次に、水酸化リチウム(LiOH)、上記複合酸化物、Ca(OH)2を、Liと、Ni、Co、及びAlの総量と、Caとのモル比が1.02:1:0.0025になるように混合して混合物を得た(第2工程)。この混合物を酸素濃度95%の酸素気流下(10cm3あたり2mL/min及び混合物1kgあたり5L/minの流量)で、当該混合物を、昇温速度2.0℃/minで、室温から650℃まで焼成した後、昇温速度0.5℃/minで、650℃から720℃まで焼成した。この焼成物を水洗し、不純物を除去して、第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を得た(第3工程)。第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の組成は、ICP分析の結果、LiNi0.91Co0.04Al0.05Ca0.0025O2であった。表面修飾層におけるCaの含有量は、コアにおけるLiを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して、0.25モル%であった。また、第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、X線回折法により、空間群R-3mに同定された。さらにTEM-EDXで第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の粒子表面を観察したところ、一次粒子表面の一部にCaが被覆されているのが確認された。
Li2O、NiOを、LiとNiのモル比が2.05:1となるように秤量し、これらを粉砕しつつ混合して混合物を作製した。次に、当該混合物を、N2雰囲気下、650℃で20時間焼成し、さらに解砕することで第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物を得た。第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、Li2NiO2、Li2O、及びNiOを含み、X線回折法により、空間群Immmに同定された。第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物とNMPとを0.1:20の質量比で混合、攪拌して24時間常温保存した際に、NMPに抽出されるLi量は87μモル/gであった。
第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物と、第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物とを、質量比で、95:5の割合で混合し、正極活物質とした。当該正極活物質と、アセチレンブラック(AB)と、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVdF)を、92:5:3の固形分質量比で混合し、N-メチルピロリドン(NMP)を適量加えた後、これを混練して正極合剤スラリーを調製した。当該正極合剤スラリーをアルミニウム箔からなる正極集電体に塗布し、塗膜を乾燥した後、圧延ローラーを用いて塗膜を圧延し、所定の電極サイズに切断して、正極集電体の両面に正極合剤層が形成された正極を得た。なお、正極の一部に正極集電体の表面が露出した露出部を設けた。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)と、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)を、3:7の体積比で混合した混合溶媒に対して、六フッ化リン酸リチウム(LiPF6)を1.0モル/リットルの濃度で溶解し、非水電解質を調製した。
負極として、Liフォイルを所定の大きさに切り出したものを用いた。上記正極の露出部にアルミニウムリードを、当該負極の所定の位置にニッケルリードをそれぞれ取り付け、ポリオレフィン製のセパレータを介して正極と負極を対向させて電極体を作製した。この電極体を外装体内に収容し、上記非水電解質を注入した後、外装体の開口部を封止して試験セルを得た。
上記試験セルについて、下記のサイクル試験を行なった。サイクル試験の1サイクル後の抵抗と、15サイクル後の抵抗とを、日置電機製バッテリハイテスタBT3562(測定ソース周波数:1kHz)を用いて求め、下記式により抵抗上昇率を算出した。
<サイクル試験>
試験セルを、25℃の温度環境下、0.3Cで電池電圧が4.3Vになるまで定電流充電を行い、4.3Vで電流値が0.02Cになるまで定電圧充電を行った。その後、0.05Cで電池電圧が2.5Vになるまで定電流放電を行った。この充放電サイクルを15サイクル繰り返した。
正極の作製において、第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物と、第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物とを、質量比で、98:2の割合で混合して正極活物質としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして試験セルを得て、評価を行った。
正極の作製において、第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物と、第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物とを、質量比で、90:10の割合で混合して正極活物質としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして試験セルを得て、評価を行った。
正極の作製において、第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物と、第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物とを、質量比で、88:12の割合で混合して正極活物質としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして試験セルを得て、評価を行った。
第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の製造の第2工程において、LiOH、複合酸化物、Ca(OH)2を、Liと、Ni、Co、及びAlの総量と、Caとのモル比が1.02:1:0.005になるように混合して混合物を得たこと以外は実施例1と同様にして試験セルを得て、評価を行った。第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の組成は、ICP分析の結果、LiNi0.91Co0.04Al0.05Ca0.005O2であった。表面修飾層におけるCaの含有量は、コアにおけるLiを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して、0.5モル%であった。また、第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、X線回折法により、空間群R-3mに同定された。
第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の製造の第2工程において、LiOH、複合酸化物、Sr(OH)2を、Liと、Ni、Co、及びAlの総量と、Srとのモル比が1.02:1:0.0008になるように混合して混合物を得たこと以外は実施例1と同様にして試験セルを得て、評価を行った。第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の組成は、ICP分析の結果、LiNi0.91Co0.04Al0.05Sr0.0008O2であった。表面修飾層におけるSrの含有量は、コアにおけるLiを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して、0.08モル%であった。また、第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、X線回折法により、空間群R-3mに同定された。
第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の製造の第2工程において、LiOH、複合酸化物、Sr(OH)2を、Liと、Ni、Co、及びAlの総量と、Srとのモル比が1.02:1:0.0015になるように混合して混合物を得たこと以外は実施例1と同様にして試験セルを得て、評価を行った。ICP分析の結果、LiNi0.91Co0.04Al0.05Sr0.0015O2であった。表面修飾層におけるSrの含有量は、コアにおけるLiを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して、0.15モル%であった。また、第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、X線回折法により、空間群R-3mに同定された。
第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の製造において、第2工程においてCa(OH)2を添加しないこと以外は実施例1と同様にして試験セルを得て、評価を行った。
正極の作製において、第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物と、第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物とを、質量比で、85:15の割合で混合して正極活物質としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして試験セルを得て、評価を行った。
第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の製造において、第2工程においてCa(OH)2を添加せず、正極の作製において、第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物と、第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物とを、質量比で、90:10の割合で混合して正極活物質としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして試験セルを得て、評価を行った。
11 正極
12 負極
13 セパレータ
14 電極体
15 電池ケース
16 外装缶
17 封口体
18,19 絶縁板
20 正極タブ
21 負極タブ
22 溝入部
23 底板
24 下弁体
25 絶縁部材
26 上弁体
27 キャップ
28 ガスケット
30 正極集電体
31 正極合剤層
40 負極集電体
41 負極合剤層
50 第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物
52 コア
54 表面修飾層
56 第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物
Claims (7)
- 第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物と、第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物とを含む非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物と前記第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の総質量に対する、前記第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物の質量の割合は、0.1%以上15%未満であり、
前記第1リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、一般式LixNi1-y-zCoyM1zO2(式中、0.97≦x≦1.2、0≦y≦0.2、0<z≦0.5、M1は、Mn、W、Mg、Mo、Nb、Ti、Si、及びAlから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素)で表されるコアと、前記コアの少なくとも表面に存在する表面修飾層とを含み、
前記表面修飾層は、M2(M2は、Sr、Ca、W、Mg、Nb、及びAlから選ばれる少なくとも1種以上の元素)を含有し、
前記第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、少なくとも一般式LiaNibM31-bO2(式中、1.5≦a≦2.5、0.95≦b≦1.00、M3は、Cu、Sr、Ca、Nb、Si、及びAlから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素)で表される化合物を含む、非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質。 - 前記表面修飾層におけるM2の含有量は、前記コアにおけるLiを除く金属元素の総モル数に対して、0.05モル%~0.5モル%である、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記コアは、空間群R-3mに同定される、請求項1又は2に記載の非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、空間群Immmに同定される、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物は、さらに、Li2Oと、NiOとを含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記第2リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物とN-メチルピロリドンとを0.1:20の質量比で混合、攪拌して24時間常温保存した際に、N-メチルピロリドンに抽出されるLi量が100μモル/g以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質を含む正極と、負極と、非水電解質とを備える、非水電解質二次電池。
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| EP21874952.1A EP4224572A4 (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2021-08-18 | POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERIES, AND NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY |
| CN202180064757.5A CN116195092A (zh) | 2020-09-30 | 2021-08-18 | 非水电解质二次电池用正极活性物质、及非水电解质二次电池 |
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| WO2024029240A1 (ja) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-02-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 |
| WO2024029241A1 (ja) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-02-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 |
| WO2025164618A1 (ja) * | 2024-01-31 | 2025-08-07 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
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| CN116195092A (zh) | 2023-05-30 |
| EP4224572A1 (en) | 2023-08-09 |
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