WO2020111014A1 - ナノファイバシート、その使用方法、及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ナノファイバシート、その使用方法、及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020111014A1 WO2020111014A1 PCT/JP2019/046040 JP2019046040W WO2020111014A1 WO 2020111014 A1 WO2020111014 A1 WO 2020111014A1 JP 2019046040 W JP2019046040 W JP 2019046040W WO 2020111014 A1 WO2020111014 A1 WO 2020111014A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nanofiber
- nozzle
- sheet
- layer
- thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0285—Condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/748—Releasability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2555/00—Personal care
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nanofiber sheet, its use method, and its production method.
- Patent Document 1 describes a cosmetic sheet including a hydrophilic base material sheet, a nanofiber sheet, and a cover sheet.
- Patent Document 2 describes a cosmetic sheet made of a nanofiber non-woven fabric impregnated with a cosmetic solution containing a component serving as a glue.
- Patent Document 3 discloses manufacturing a nanofiber sheet in which a polymer solution is discharged from a discharge port to which a high voltage is applied while moving a spraying device in a zigzag manner to deposit nanofibers. The method is described. Further, in Patent Document 4, a manufacturing method in which a nanofiber nozzle pouring to the outside of an end of a collection sheet electrically positions a nanofiber nozzle on a part of a back surface side of the collection sheet Is listed. According to Patent Document 4, it is described that a sheet in which nanofibers are deposited so as to wrap around to the back surface side of the collection sheet by the above-described manufacturing method is obtained.
- Patent Document 5 describes a manufacturing method provided with an end surface treatment means for removing an end portion in the width direction of a nanofiber nonwoven fabric obtained by an electrospinning method. According to Patent Document 5, it is possible to manufacture a nanofiber sheet having a constant thickness up to the end.
- Patent Document 6 polyurethane nanofibers are prepared by discharging a polyurethane resin solution while moving the tip of a nozzle in a circular motion, and accumulating the polyurethane resin solution in a collector that moves linearly and rotates. A method of making a nonwoven is described. Further, Patent Document 7 describes a method for producing a nanofiber film, in which a raw material liquid is discharged while reciprocating the discharging means in a plane parallel to a collecting surface arranged opposite to the discharging means. ..
- the present invention relates to a nanofiber sheet including a base material layer and a nanofiber layer including a polymer compound nanofiber disposed on one surface side of the base material layer.
- the nanofiber layer preferably has a peripheral edge thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less. It is preferable that the nanofiber layer has a gradation region of 3 mm or more in which the thickness gradually increases from the peripheral edge toward the inside.
- the present invention also relates to a method of using the nanofiber sheet. It is preferable that the nanofiber layer is brought into contact with the surface of the object, and the nanofiber layer is used in a wet state.
- the present invention also relates to a laminated sheet including a base material layer and an ultrathin sheet arranged on one surface of the base material layer.
- the ultrathin sheet preferably has a thickness of 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less. It is preferable that the ultra-thin sheet has a contour shape corresponding to an application site to which the ultra-thin sheet is applied. It is preferable that the ultrathin sheet has a tapered peripheral region whose thickness gradually increases from the peripheral edge toward the inside. It is preferable that the base material layer has a region extending outward from the peripheral edge of the ultrathin sheet.
- the present invention is a nanofiber sheet in which a raw material liquid is discharged from a nozzle to which a high voltage is applied between the counter electrode and the nanofibers generated from the raw material liquid by an electrospinning method are deposited on a collecting portion. It relates to a manufacturing method. In the manufacturing method, it is preferable that the nanofibers are deposited on the collecting unit while moving at least one of the nozzle and the collecting unit. It is preferable that the manufacturing method manufactures a predetermined nanofiber sheet having a gradation region in which the thickness gradually increases inward from the peripheral edge.
- the present invention provides a nozzle that discharges a raw material liquid (spinning liquid), a counter electrode that is arranged so as to face the nozzle and that generates an electric field between the nozzle and the raw material liquid that is electrically stretched.
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a nanofiber sheet, which includes a collection unit that accumulates the nanofibers generated by the above, and a mechanism that moves at least one of the nozzle and the collection unit.
- the manufacturing apparatus is capable of depositing the nanofibers on the collection unit while moving at least one of the nozzle and the collection unit based on the data of the movement trajectory input in the control unit.
- the data of the movement trajectory determined in the trajectory calculation step be input to or input to the control unit.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an ultrathin sheet, in which a raw material liquid is discharged from a nozzle and fibers or particles generated from the raw material liquid are deposited on a collecting section to produce an ultrathin sheet.
- the ultrathin sheet preferably has a thickness of 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less.
- Ultra thin sheet manufacturing method based on the information about the contour shape of the target ultra thin sheet, while moving at least one of the nozzle and the collecting unit, within the range of the contour shape of the ultra thin sheet It is preferable to include a target shape forming step of discharging the raw material liquid.
- the raw material liquid may be discharged so as to form a tapered peripheral area having a width of 5 mm or less in which the thickness gradually increases inward from the peripheral edge of the contour shape. preferable.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing an embodiment of the nanofiber sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the nanofiber sheet shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the inclination angle of the gradation area shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 schematically showing another embodiment of the nanofiber sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 schematically showing still another embodiment of the nanofiber sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2, schematically showing still another embodiment of the nanofiber sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing an embodiment of the nanofiber sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the nanofiber sheet shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of using the nanofiber sheet shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a nanofiber sheet manufacturing apparatus used in the method for manufacturing a nanofiber sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view (a) showing a nanofiber deposit formed by the method for producing a nanofiber sheet of the present invention, and a cross-sectional view (b) taken along the line II-II of the plan view.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view (a) showing the first deposition area and the second strip-shaped deposition area formed by the first step and the second step in the deposition step, and a sectional view taken along the line III-III of the plan view (b). Is.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view (a) showing a nanofiber deposit formed by the method for producing a nanofiber sheet of the present invention, and a cross-sectional view (b) taken along the line II-II of the plan view.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view
- FIG. 12 is a plan view showing movement trajectories for forming the nanofiber sheet shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the conditions (1) and (2) in the calculation J3.
- FIG. 13A is a schematic diagram showing a mode that does not satisfy the condition (1)
- FIG. 13B is a schematic diagram showing a mode that satisfies the conditions (1) and (2).
- FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram showing an aspect in which the condition (1) is satisfied but the condition (2) is not satisfied.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing flow for calculating the movement trajectory shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view showing another moving track for forming the nanofiber sheet shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view which shows another embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus which manufactures the nanofiber sheet of this invention.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view which shows another embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus which manufactures the nanofiber sheet of this invention.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a cartridge portion used in the nanofiber sheet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is an exploded perspective view of the cartridge unit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the nanofiber sheet manufacturing apparatus of the invention.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the nanofiber sheet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a graph showing a cross-sectional contour curve of the nanofiber layer in the reference example.
- FIG. 23 is a plan view showing an example of a gradation area specifying method.
- the cosmetic sheet When the cosmetic sheet is attached to the skin, the cosmetic sheet may be visually recognized, and the presence of the cosmetic sheet may be recognized.
- a cosmetic sheet such as a foundation is adhered onto the cosmetic sheet after the cosmetic sheet is attached to the skin, the cosmetic sheet is conspicuous, and it is difficult to finish it in a natural appearance.
- Patent Documents 3 to 7 do not disclose a technique for making the nanofiber sheet attached to the skin less visible.
- the present invention relates to a nanofiber sheet that can solve the drawbacks of the prior art, a method of using the nanofiber sheet and a method of manufacturing the nanofiber sheet, and a manufacturing apparatus for the nanofiber sheet.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 includes a base material layer 12 and a nanofiber layer 11 containing nanofibers of a polymer compound.
- the base material layer 12 is disposed on one surface of the nanofiber layer 11.
- the nanofiber layer 11 and the base material layer 12 are arranged adjacent to each other.
- the nanofiber layer 11 in the nanofiber sheet 10 is a layer containing nanofibers of a polymer compound.
- the nanofiber is generally 10 nm or more and 3000 nm or less, particularly 10 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, when its thickness is represented by a circle equivalent diameter.
- the thickness of the nanofiber can be determined by observing the fiber at a magnification of 10,000 times by, for example, scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation, and from the two-dimensional image thereof, defects (lumps of nanofibers, intersections of nanofibers, polymer droplets) It is possible to measure the fiber diameter by directly selecting 10 fibers excluding the above) and drawing a line orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the fiber to directly read the fiber diameter.
- the nanofiber layer 11 of the present embodiment has undulations on the surface opposite to the side on which the base material layer 12 is located, while the surface facing the base material layer 12 is flat. Is.
- the surface of the nanofiber layer 11 opposite to the side where the base material layer 12 is located is referred to as a first surface S1
- the surface facing the base material layer 12 is referred to as a second surface S2.
- the nanofiber layer 11 of the present embodiment has a structure in which the first surface S1 side bulges inward.
- the nanofiber layer 11 is very thin, the nanofiber layer 11 is drawn very large in FIGS. 2 and 3 for convenience of explanation.
- the peripheral edge 17 of the nanofiber layer 11 forms the contour of the nanofiber layer 11 in a plan view.
- the peripheral edge 17 preferably has the smallest thickness in the nanofiber layer 11.
- the thickness D1 of the peripheral edge 17 of the nanofiber layer 11 is 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the minimum value and the maximum value of the thickness of the peripheral edge 17 are within the above range.
- the thickness D1 (see FIG.
- the peripheral edge 17 is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more, and 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 9 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 8 ⁇ m or less, and also preferably. Is 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 9 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness D1 of the peripheral edge 17 can be measured by the following [Method for measuring three-dimensional shape of nanofiber layer].
- the thickness D1 of the peripheral edge 17 of the nanofiber layer 11 is determined by measuring the three-dimensional shape of the surface of the first surface of the nanofiber layer with a laser type three-dimensional shape measuring system (for example, measuring system EMS2002AD-3D manufactured by COMS, It is measured by using a combination of displacement sensor LK-2000 manufactured by K.K.
- a laser type three-dimensional shape measuring system for example, measuring system EMS2002AD-3D manufactured by COMS, It is measured by using a combination of displacement sensor LK-2000 manufactured by K.K.
- the base material layer is placed on the auto stage and the nanofiber sheet is set. Then, while moving the auto stage in the X-axis direction, by scanning a laser displacement meter, measures the height of the surface of the first surface of nanofibres layer at a predetermined measurement pitch X P.
- the auto stage is displaced in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis at the measurement pitch Y P , the laser stage is scanned while the auto stage is moved in the X-axis direction, and the nanofibers are scanned at the predetermined measurement pitch X P.
- surface shape data of the first surface of the nanofiber layer is obtained.
- the measurement pitch in the X-axis direction is 0.235 mm
- the measurement pitch Y P in the Y-axis direction is 0.350 mm
- the resolution in the height (Z-axis) direction is 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the measurement range is a plan view, that is, a range including the entire nanofiber layer in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and the measurement pitch may be appropriately changed according to the object.
- the above measurement is performed under no load.
- the thickness of the peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer is measured based on the measured three-dimensional shape data.
- thickness in the following description means a value measured based on three-dimensional shape data.
- a plane contour line representing the contour shape of the nanofiber layer in plan view is obtained.
- the plane contour line may be acquired based on the three-dimensional shape data, or may be acquired by magnifying observation of the nanofiber using a microscope or the like.
- the nanofiber layer containing nanofibers is generally based on the presence of fibers protruding from the surface, and the fact that a portion with few fibers or a portion with many fibers is locally formed.
- a graph obtained by plotting measured values of thickness and the like obtained for each position, specifically, a plane contour line, a cross-sectional contour line described later, or an 80% thickness contour line may include noise.
- an approximate curve forming process using a polynomial approximate expression is performed on a plane contour line, a cross-section contour line, or an 80% thickness contour line.
- the approximate curve closest to the three-dimensional shape data is selected.
- the plane contour curve obtained by approximating the plane contour line is made to correspond to the three-dimensional shape data, the peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer in the three-dimensional shape data is specified, and the thickness of the peripheral edge is measured.
- the thickness D1 of the peripheral edge 17 of the nanofiber layer 11 can be determined by using a contact-type film thickness meter [eg, Lightmatic VL-50A (R5mm superhard spherical surface probe manufactured by Mitutoyo)]. It can also be measured. The load applied to the measurement target at the time of measurement is 0.01 Pa.
- a contact-type film thickness meter eg, Lightmatic VL-50A (R5mm superhard spherical surface probe manufactured by Mitutoyo). It can also be measured.
- the load applied to the measurement target at the time of measurement is 0.01 Pa.
- the nanofiber layer 11 has a gradation region G whose thickness gradually increases from the peripheral edge 17 toward the inside.
- the gradation region G is a region protruding inward from the peripheral edge 17 and includes the peripheral edge 17 of the nanofiber layer 11.
- the gradation region G is directed toward the inner region M in a cross section along an orthogonal line orthogonal to the center line CL of the contour of the inner region M described later. It is an inclined area (see FIG. 2). That is, it is a region where the surface of the nanofiber layer 11 is inclined in the cross section.
- the cross section taken along the orthogonal line is, for example, the cross section taken along the line II-II in FIG. Such a cross section is obtained based on the above-mentioned three-dimensional shape data. The method of identifying the gradation area will be described in detail below.
- the position where the thickness is maximum is specified as the apex position, and the thickness of the nanofiber layer at the apex position is obtained.
- a contour line showing the contour of a region in which the thickness is 80% of the thickness at the apex position (hereinafter, also referred to as “80% thickness contour line”) is obtained, and the position of the contour line is defined as the plane. It is reflected in the three-dimensional shape data together with the contour curve. For example, as shown in FIG. 23, the plane contour curve C0 and the 80% thickness contour line C80 are reflected in the three-dimensional shape data.
- the 80% thickness contour lines those obtained by performing the above-mentioned approximate curve forming process are used.
- an arbitrary position on the plane contour curve is set as a first point, and first to tenth points that divide the circumference of the plane contour curve into 10 equal parts are set on the plane contour curve.
- Reference numerals N1 to N10 shown in FIG. 23 are examples of first to tenth points.
- the cross-sectional contour line of the nanofiber layer in the three-dimensional shape data is obtained at each of the first to tenth points.
- the cross-section contour line is obtained by cutting the nanofiber layer of the three-dimensional shape data along a line segment that connects the first to tenth points on the plane contour curve and the 80% contour line in the shortest distance in a plan view.
- the pattern in which the thickness gradually increases in the cross-sectional contour curve for example, a pattern that linearly increases, a pattern that increases curvilinearly such as a sigmoid curve or an exponential curve, and a pattern that increases in multiple steps are listed. Be done. Then, of the first to tenth points, the number of points at which the cross-sectional contour curve having the inclined region is confirmed is measured. When the number of points of the cross-section contour curve having the measured inclined region is “n”, the inclined regions are calculated by “(n/10) ⁇ 100(%)” for a total of 10 points of the first to tenth points. It is possible to obtain the ratio (%) of the number of cross-section contour curves included.
- the nanofiber layer to be measured has a gradation region of 50 with respect to the entire circumference of the nanofiber layer. % You can judge that you have.
- the dimensions of the gradation region G and the inner region M such as the thickness of the maximum thickness portion 15 and the inclination angle in the gradation region G, which will be described later, are obtained from the cross-sectional contour curve of each point having the inclination region. The arithmetic mean of the measured values.
- the nanofiber layer 11 in this embodiment has the gradation region G and an inner region M surrounded by the gradation region G.
- the thickness of the gradation region G gradually increases in one direction, while the thickness of the inner region M is substantially constant. .. Therefore, the inner region M is allowed to have a slightly different thickness depending on the position. For example, it is allowed that the thickness is different within a range of ⁇ 25% with respect to the average thickness.
- the thickness of the inner region M and the thickness D3 (see FIG. 2) of the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G are the same.
- the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G is a portion where the thickness of the gradation region G is maximum, and is the inner end of the gradation region G, that is, the end on the inner region M side in the present embodiment.
- the inner region M is a region in which the thickness with respect to the thickness at the apex position of the nanofiber layer 11 is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
- the inner area M can be specified based on the above-described cross-sectional contour curve.
- the nanofiber layer 11 may have the gradation region G and the inner region M as in the present embodiment, and does not have the inner region but only the gradation region between the peripheral edge and the vertex position. May be included.
- the maximum length of the nanofiber layer 11 in plan view is preferably 500 mm or less, more preferably 300 mm or less, and further preferably 150 mm or less. From the same viewpoint as above, the maximum length of the nanofiber layer 11 in plan view is preferably 10 mm or more.
- the “maximum length” is the maximum crossover length of the nanofiber layer 11 in plan view.
- the total length of the peripheral length where the gradation region G is present is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 80% or more, further preferably 90% or more, and further preferably 100%. From the same viewpoint as above, it is preferable that the gradation region G exists over the entire length of the peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer 11.
- the ratio of the total length of the portion in which the gradation region G exists to the entire length of the peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer 11 is a total of 10 points of the first to tenth points obtained in the above-mentioned [gradation region specifying method].
- the inner region M has a width W2 (see FIG. 2) of 200 mm or less, preferably 150 mm or less.
- the width W2 of the inner region M is the distance between the maximum thickness portions 15 of the gradation region G in the cross section.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 in the present embodiment has the inner region M in the nanofiber layer 11, the nanofiber sheet 10 does not have to have the inner region M. That is, in the nanofiber sheet 10, the distance W2 between the maximum thickness portions 15 of the gradation region G in the cross section is substantially 0 mm, and only the gradation region in which the thickness gradually increases from the peripheral edge 17 toward the apex position is provided. May be. In this case, the maximum thickness portion, which is the inner end of the gradation area G, is the apex position.
- the space W1 between the peripheral edge 17 of the nanofiber layer 11 and the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G is 3 mm or more.
- the distance W1 between the peripheral edge 17 of the nanofiber layer and the maximum thickness portion 15 is the distance from the peripheral edge 17 to the portion where the thickness of the gradation region G is maximum, and is the width of the gradation region G. That is, the nanofiber layer 11 has the gradation region G of 3 mm or more.
- the distance W1 between the peripheral edge 17 and the maximum thickness portion 15 or the distance W1 between the peripheral edge 17 and the apex position differs depending on the position of the peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer 11, the distance W1.
- the minimum length of 3 is 3 mm or more.
- the interval between the peripheral edge 17 and the apex position or the interval between the peripheral edge 17 and the maximum thickness portion 15 in the nanofiber layer 11 is also referred to as the width W1 of the gradation region G.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 is used by peeling the base material layer 12 and attaching the nanofiber layer 11 to an object such as skin.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 is attached to an object such as skin by setting the thickness of the peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer 11 having the gradation region G to 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less and setting the width W1 of the gradation region G to 3 mm or more.
- the outer edge of the nanofiber layer 11 is inconspicuous, and the nanofiber layer 11 is hard to be visually recognized.
- the outer edge (peripheral edge) of the nanofiber layer 11 is inconspicuous, and the appearance becomes familiar to the skin, resulting in a natural finish. ..
- the outer edge of the cosmetic sheet is conspicuous, and the presence of the cosmetic sheet may be easily recognized.
- a cosmetic such as a foundation
- the outer edge becomes more conspicuous and may have a color tone different from that of the skin, so that the makeup sheet is easily visible.
- the smaller the maximum thickness of the nanofiber layer the more difficult it is to obtain the effect of concealing spots and wrinkles.
- the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion 15 in the gradation region G is preferably 5.1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, from the viewpoint of more reliably producing the effect of concealing spots and wrinkles.
- the thickness is more preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, preferably 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the nanofiber layer 11 at the apex position is preferably within the preferable range of the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion 15.
- the gradation region G is inclined in the cross section along the thickness direction Z of the nanofiber sheet 10.
- the inclination angle ⁇ (see FIG. 4) of the gradation region G is preferably 0.001° or more, more preferably 0.002° or more, and It is preferably 10° or less, more preferably 8° or less, preferably 0.001° or more and 10° or less, more preferably 0.002° or more and 8° or less.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the gradation region G is the inclination angle of the virtual straight line Lp connecting the peripheral edge 17 of the nanofiber layer and the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G with respect to the horizontal plane in the cross section along the orthogonal line (see FIG. 4). ..
- the inclination angle ⁇ can be converted from the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion 15 in the gradation region G, the width W1 of the gradation region G, and the difference D2 between the peripheral edge 17 of the nanofiber layer 11 and the maximum thickness portion 15. it can.
- the peripheral edge 17 and the maximum thickness portion 15 can be specified by the above-mentioned [Method of measuring thickness of peripheral edge] and [Method of specifying gradation area].
- the ratio of the thickness D3 (see FIG. 2) of the maximum thickness portion 15 in the gradation region G to the thickness D1 of the peripheral edge 17 (from FIG. 2) from the viewpoint of improving the effect of concealing skin spots and wrinkles and making the nanofiber layer less noticeable ( D3/D1) is preferably 5000 or less, more preferably 4000 or less.
- it is preferably 50 or more, more preferably 100 or more.
- it is preferably 50 or more and 5000 or less, and more preferably 100 or more and 4000 or less.
- the ratio of the thickness of the nanofiber layer 11 at the apex position to the thickness D1 of the peripheral edge 17 is within the preferable range of D3/D1.
- the difference D2 (see FIG. 2) in thickness between the peripheral edge 17 and the maximum thickness portion 15 in the gradation region G is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 500 ⁇ m or less. , More preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G is the inner end of the gradation region, that is, the inner end of the inclined region.
- the difference in thickness between the inner edge and the peripheral edge of the gradation area G corresponds to the difference D2 in thickness between the peripheral edge 17 and the maximum thickness portion 15 of the same area G.
- the shape of the nanofiber layer 11 in plan view includes a shape including a plurality of curved portions having different curvatures, a shape including a plurality of linear portions in the contour, or It is preferable that the contour includes a curved portion and the straight portion.
- the shape in plan view includes a curved portion having a plurality of types of curvatures such as an ellipse, or a plurality of curved portions having different curvatures forms unevenness.
- the shape (see FIG. 1) and the like are included.
- a shape including a plurality of straight line portions in the contour a polygonal shape such as a rectangle, a triangle, a quadrangle, and a hexagon in a plan view, an arrow shape, a star shape, and the like can be given.
- examples of the shape including the curved portion and the straight portion in the contour include a fan shape, a tear shape, a semicircular shape, and a heart shape.
- the nanofiber layer 11 having such a shape easily follows a complicated shape such as a face and is easily attached.
- the contour line of the nanofiber layer 11 in plan view has a curved line in a portion of more than half of the total length of the contour line.
- the contour line of the nanofiber layer 11 in a plan view is preferably 60% or more, and more preferably the total length of the contour line. It is even more preferable that the portion having a length of 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more is formed by a curved line, and the entire length of the contour line is formed by a curved line.
- the contour line of the nanofiber layer 11 in the plan view can be specified by the plane contour curve in the above [Method for measuring thickness of peripheral edge].
- the base material layer 12 is a layer capable of maintaining the shape retention of the nanofiber sheet, and may be a single layer or a multilayer.
- a film made of a synthetic resin such as a polyolefin resin or a polyester resin, or a fiber sheet such as a nonwoven fabric can be used.
- the surface of the film facing the nanofiber layer 11 is subjected to a peeling treatment such as application of silicone resin or corona discharge treatment. Is preferable from the viewpoint of enhancing peelability.
- a synthetic resin film or the like it is preferable to provide a powder or particle layer formed by scattering powder or particles on the surface of the film. ..
- the nanofiber layer 11 and the base material layer 12 are integrated before use, but the nanofiber layer 11 and the base material layer 12 are delaminated during use to form a base material. Remove layer 12.
- the base material layer 12 preferably has air permeability. This allows air to enter between the nanofiber layer 11 and the base material layer 12 to facilitate separation of the nanofiber layer 11 and the base material layer 12.
- the fiber sheet is various types of non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, papers, mesh sheets, and laminates thereof.
- the non-woven fabric for example, a melt blown non-woven fabric, a spun bond non-woven fabric, an air-through non-woven fabric, a spun lace non-woven fabric, etc. can be used, but not limited to these.
- the fibers or strands constituting these non-woven fabrics or mesh sheets may have a thickness within the range of nanofibers, or may be thicker than that.
- a fiber made of a fiber-forming synthetic resin or a natural cellulosic fiber such as cotton and pulp can be used.
- the sponge is made of a porous material obtained by foaming a synthetic resin or a natural resin, for example, a foamed resin.
- a synthetic resin or natural resin for example, urethane, polyethylene, melamine, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber and the like can be used, but not limited thereto.
- the foamed resin various materials can be used as long as they can form a form having air permeability.
- the base material layer 12 is preferably a nonwoven fabric.
- the base material layer 12 disposed adjacent to the nanofiber layer 11 may have a plurality of concave portions or convex portions having a width larger than the fiber diameter of the nanofiber on the surface facing the nanofiber layer 11. preferable. Such a configuration is advantageous in improving workability of separating the nanofiber layer 11 and the base material layer 12 when the base material layer 12 does not have air permeability.
- the thickness of the base material layer 12 is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 15 mm or less, and preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 20 mm or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 15 mm. It is below.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 may be used with the nanofiber layer 11 containing a liquid product such as a beauty essence.
- the nanofiber layer 11 is preferably water-insoluble from the viewpoint of preventing the nanofiber layer 11 from being dissolved by a liquid substance such as a beauty essence.
- Water-insoluble means that 1 g of the nanofiber layer 11 is weighed in an environment of 1 atm and 23° C., then immersed in 10 g of ion-exchanged water, and after 24 hours, 0.5 g of the immersed nanofiber layer 11 Those having a property of not dissolving more than 0.8 g are preferable, and those having a property of not dissolving more than 0.8 g are preferable.
- water-insoluble means that after weighing 1 g of the nanofiber layer 11 in an environment of 1 atm and 23° C., the nanofiber layer 11 is immersed in 10 g of ion-exchanged water, and after 24 hours, the immersed nanofiber layer 11 Less than 0.5 g means that it has a property of dissolving, and preferably less than 0.2 g means that it has a property of dissolving.
- the nanofiber layer 11 is formed by depositing nanofibers containing a polymer compound capable of forming fibers. From the viewpoint of making the nanofiber layer 11 insoluble in water, the nanofiber layer 11 preferably contains a nanofiber of a water-insoluble polymer compound as the polymer compound capable of forming fibers. With such a configuration, the shape retention of the nanofiber layer 11 can be maintained even if the nanofiber layer contains a water-soluble component used for cosmetics.
- water-insoluble polymer compound examples include completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol that can be insolubilized after forming nanofibers, partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol that can be crosslinked after forming nanofibers when used in combination with a crosslinking agent, and poly(N-propanoylethyleneimine) graft.
- -Oxazoline-modified silicone such as dimethyl siloxane/ ⁇ -aminopropylmethyl siloxane copolymer, zein (main component of corn protein), polyester resin such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyacrylonitrile Resin, acrylic resin such as polymethacrylic acid resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, polyurethane resin, polyamide resin such as nylon, polyimide resin, polyamide imide resin and the like can be mentioned.
- PVA polylactic acid
- polyethylene terephthalate resin polybutylene terephthalate resin
- polyacrylonitrile Resin acrylic resin such as polymethacrylic acid resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, polyurethane resin
- polyamide resin such as nylon, polyimide resin, polyamide imide resin and the like can be mentioned.
- the nanofiber layer 11 may include a nanofiber of a water-soluble polymer compound.
- the water-soluble polymer compound include pullulan, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, poly- ⁇ -glutamic acid, modified corn starch, ⁇ -glucan, mucopolysaccharides such as glucooligosaccharide, heparin, and keratosulfate, cellulose, pectin, xylan, lignin, and gluco.
- Natural polymers such as mannan, galacturon, psyllium seed gum, tamarind seed gum, gum arabic, tragacanth, soybean water-soluble polysaccharide, alginic acid, carrageenan, laminaran, agar (agarose), fucoidan, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol (when not used in combination with a crosslinking agent), low saponified polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene oxide, water-soluble nylon, water-soluble polyester, synthetic polymers such as sodium polyacrylate and the like can be mentioned. These water-soluble polymer compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the nanofiber layer 11 may include a polymer compound other than the water-insoluble polymer compound and the water-soluble polymer compound described above.
- Other polymer compounds are generally polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, poly-m-phenylene terephthalate, poly-p-phenylene isoflatate, polyfluoride.
- the water-insoluble polymer compound contained in the nanofiber layer 11 is preferably more than 50% by mass, more preferably 80% by mass or more based on the total mass of the nanofiber layer 11.
- the water-soluble polymer compound contained in the nanofiber layer 11 is preferably less than 50% by mass, more preferably 20% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the nanofiber layer 11.
- the nanofiber layer 11 may be composed only of nanofibers, or may contain other components in addition to the nanofibers.
- substances other than nanofibers and used in cosmetics can be used. Examples thereof include medicinal components, moisturizing components, various vitamins, fragrances, UV protective agents, surfactants, coloring pigments, extender pigments, dyes, stabilizers, preservatives, and antioxidants. These components can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the nanofibers in the nanofiber layer 11 is preferably 40% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass. % To 90% by mass.
- the content of other components in the nanofiber layer 11 is preferably 5% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.
- the nanofiber layer 11 is formed of a nanofiber containing another component
- the nanofiber is obtained by mixing the water-soluble polymer compound and the other component in a state of being completely dissolved in water. Obtained by preparing.
- the nanofiber can also be obtained by using a nanofiber having a hollow portion and incorporating an emulsified component obtained by emulsifying another component into the hollow portion.
- the nanofibers may be contained alone, or two or more types of components may be contained.
- the basis weight of the inner region M of the nanofiber layer 11 is 0.01 g/m 2 or more, more preferably 0.1 g/m 2 or more, and preferably Is 50 g/m 2 or less, more preferably 40 g/m 2 or less, and preferably 0.01 g/m 2 or more and 50 g/m 2 or less, more preferably 0.1 g/m 2 or more and 40 g/m 2 or less. is there.
- the basis weight of the inner region M of the nanofiber layer 11 is obtained by cutting out a 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm measurement piece from the inner region M, measuring the mass of the measurement piece with a scale, and dividing by the area (100 mm 2 ) of the measurement piece. It can be measured by calculating. From the same viewpoint as above, it is preferable that the basis weight of the nanofiber layer 11 at the apex position is within the preferable range of the basis weight of the inner region M.
- the inner region M has a substantially constant thickness over the entire region, but the inner region M has a different thickness depending on the position as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Good.
- the description of the nanofiber sheet according to the above-described embodiment is applied to the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 as appropriate as long as there is no contradiction.
- the nanofiber sheet 10a shown in FIG. 5 has a plurality of recesses 18 having different depths on the first surface S1 side of the inner region M.
- the thickness D5 (see FIG. 5) of the recess 18 in the inner region M is smaller than the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G. From the viewpoint of improving the adhesiveness of the nanofiber layer 11, the thickness D5 (see FIG.
- the thickness D5 (see FIG. 5) of the recess 18 in the inner region M is preferably 50% or more, more preferably the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion 15. Is 60% or more, preferably 100% or less, more preferably 90% or less, and preferably 50% or more and 100% or less, more preferably 60% or more and 90% or less. Further, from the viewpoint of improving the concealing property of spots and wrinkles of the nanofiber layer 11, the thickness D5 (see FIG.
- the concave portion 18 of the inner region M is preferably 5.1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, preferably Is 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the minimum value of the thickness D5 of the recess 18 of the inner region M is preferably within the above range.
- the inner region M has a thickness larger than that of the maximum thickness portion 15 in addition to the concave portion 19a that forms a portion having a thickness larger than the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G, as in the nanofiber sheet 10b shown in FIG. You may have the recessed part 19b which forms a small part.
- the concave portion 19a forming a portion having a thickness larger than the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G is also referred to as a shallow concave portion 19a, and a portion having a thickness smaller than the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G is formed.
- the recessed portion 19b is also referred to as a deep recessed portion 19b.
- the inner region M is outside the shallow recess 19a, and a deep recess 19b is formed along the peripheral edge of the inner region M. Further, in the inner region M, the thickness gradually increases inward from the bottom of the deep recess 19b. That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the nanofiber layer 11 has a gradation region G1 formed along the periphery thereof and the inside of the gradation region G1 and along the periphery of the inside region M. And a gradation region G2 formed in
- the inner region M has a thickness D7 (see FIG. 6) in the shallow recess 19a larger than the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G.
- a thickness D7 is 5.1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 5.1 ⁇ m or more 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more 400 ⁇ m It is below.
- the thickness D7 of the shallow recess 19a in the inner region M is different for each shallow recess, the minimum value of the thickness D7 is preferably within the above range.
- the inner region M has a thickness D9 in the deep recessed portion 19b on the assumption that the thickness D9 in the deep recessed portion 19b is smaller than the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion 15 and the thickness D7 in the shallow recessed portion 19a (FIG. 6) is preferably 5.1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m. It is below.
- the minimum value of the thickness D9 is preferably within the above range.
- the nanofiber layer 11 When the nanofibers, i.e. fibers, are deposited directly on the substrate layer, the nanofiber layer 11 is placed adjacent to the substrate layer 12.
- the nanofiber layer 11 and the base material layer 12 do not have to be arranged adjacent to each other.
- an adhesive layer that can be attached to the surface of an object is a base material layer 11 and a nanofiber. It may be interposed between the layer 11 and the layer 11. From the viewpoint of easily attaching the nanofiber sheet to the skin, it is preferable that the nanofiber sheet includes an adhesive layer 13 that can be attached to the surface of the object.
- the adhesive layer 13 is used to attach the nanofiber layer 11 to an object such as skin.
- the adhesive layer 13 may be disposed between the base material layer 12 and the nanofiber layer 11, that is, on the second surface S2 side of the nanofiber layer 11, or opposite to the base material layer 12 of the nanofiber layer 11. May be disposed on the side surface, that is, on the first surface S1 side of the nanofiber layer 11. From the viewpoint of maintaining the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 13, as shown in FIG. 7, the adhesive layer 13 is preferably disposed on the second surface S2 side of the nanofiber layer 11.
- the nanofiber sheet 10c shown in FIG. 7 is used by peeling the layer between the adhesive layer 13 and the base material layer 12 and then sticking the adhesive layer 13 on the skin.
- the nanofiber sheet in which the adhesive layer 13 is arranged on the first surface S1 side of the nanofiber layer 11 may be formed by removing the adhesive layer 13 after peeling between the base material layer 12 and the nanofiber layer 11 or before peeling. Used on the skin.
- an oxazoline-modified silicone-based adhesive an acrylic resin-based adhesive, an olefin resin-based adhesive, a synthetic rubber-based adhesive, or the like can be used. From the viewpoint of keeping the adhesive strength high, it is preferable to use an acrylic resin-based adhesive as the adhesive forming the adhesive layer 13.
- the thickness of the adhesive in the adhesive layer 13 is not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the adhesive in the adhesive layer 13 is preferably 10 nm or more, and more preferably 50 nm or more, from the viewpoint of reliably attaching the nanofiber layer 11 to the skin and improving the touch and feel of the nanofiber sheet. It is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, preferably 10 nm or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 50 nm or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
- any of the nanofiber layer 11, the base material layer 12, and the adhesive layer 13 may be peelable, or each layer may be independently peelable.
- the base material layer 12 may be peelable from the adhesive layer 13 and the nanofiber layer 11, and the base material layer 12 and the adhesive layer 13 may be peeled from the nanofiber layer 11. It may be possible, or each layer may be peelable independently.
- a layer to be peeled and a layer not to be peeled are laminated under a state in which a Van der Waals force or an electrostatic force is generated, or a layer to be peeled is peeled off. It can be performed by applying a silicone resin or performing a peeling treatment such as a corona discharge treatment on the surface facing the other layer.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C show an embodiment of a method of using the nanofiber sheet, which uses the nanofiber sheet 10 shown in FIG.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 is used by adhering, that is, affixing it to the surface of the object.
- the target of the nanofiber sheet 10 is the target to which the nanofiber layer 11 is attached.
- the object is mainly human skin (skin), but also includes teeth, gums, hair, non-human mammal skin (skin), teeth, gums, plant surfaces such as branches and leaves.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 is used by adhering it to a site under the eyes of the face, but the adhering position is not limited to this.
- the nanofiber layer 11 is brought into contact with and adhered to the surface so that the first surface S1 or the second surface S2 of the nanofiber layer 11 faces the surface of the object.
- the first surface S1 of the nanofiber layer 11 of the nanofiber sheet 10 is attached to the skin.
- the surface on the base material layer 12 side is the side opposite to the skin.
- the adhesive layer is attached to the surface of the nanofiber layer 11 so that the surface of the nanofiber layer 11 on the adhesive layer side faces the surface of the object. That is, when the nanofiber sheet includes the adhesive layer, the nanofiber layer 11 is attached to the surface of the object via the adhesive layer 13.
- the base layer 12 is peeled from the nanofiber layer 11 as shown in FIG. 8B. And remove. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8C, only the nanofiber layer 11 is attached to the surface of the object.
- the nanofiber layer is brought into contact with the surface of the object and the nanofiber layer is used in a state of being wet with a liquid material.
- the “wet state” means a state in which the nanofiber layer 11 is wetted by containing a liquid composition.
- the liquid substance means a substance which is liquid at 20°C.
- liquid substance examples include water, a liquid such as an aqueous solution and a water dispersion liquid, a gel-like substance thickened with a thickener, a liquid or solid oil at 20° C., an oil agent containing 10% by mass or more of the oil, and , And an emulsion (O/W emulsion, W/O emulsion) containing the oil and a surfactant such as a nonionic surfactant.
- the above-mentioned liquid substance contains a polyol which is liquid at 20° C.
- examples of the polyol include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, dipropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of 2000 or less, glycerin and One or more selected from diglycerin may be mentioned.
- the oil is one or two selected from liquid paraffin, squalane, squalene, n-octane, n-heptane, cyclohexane, light isoparaffin, and liquid isoparaffin.
- hydrocarbon oils octyldodecyl myristate, myristyl myristate, isocetyl stearate, isocetyl isostearate, cetearyl isononanoate, diisobutyl adipate, di2-ethylhexyl sebacate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, malic acid Ester consisting of linear or branched chain fatty acid such as diisostearyl, neopentyl glycol dicaprate, alkyl benzoate (C12 to C15), and linear or branched chain alcohol or polyhydric alcohol, and tri(capryl) Acid/capric acid) one or more ester oils selected from triglycerin fatty acid esters (triglycerides) such as glycerin; dimethylpolysiloxane, dimethylcyclopolysiloxane, methylphenylpolysiloxane,
- the oil may be one or more selected from petrolatum, cetanol, stearyl alcohol, ceramide and the like.
- Examples of the method of using the nanofiber layer 11 wet with the liquid substance include a method (1) of attaching the nanofiber layer 11 to the surface of the object while the surface of the object is wet with the liquid substance.
- a method (3) of attaching a nanofiber layer to the surface may be mentioned. Before and after the surface of the target object and the surface of the nanofiber layer 11 are brought into contact with each other, a liquid material is applied to one of these surfaces to wet it, or the liquid material is carried on the nanofiber layer, or the nanofiber layer.
- the nanofiber layer 11 becomes more transparent, and the peripheral edge 17 thereof can be made more inconspicuous.
- the capillary force of the nanofiber layer 11 causes the liquid material on the surface of the target object to become a nanofiber. It can be transferred to layer 11.
- the liquid in order to make the surface of the object or the nanofiber layer 11 attached to the surface of the object wet with the liquid, the liquid is applied to the surface. It may be applied or sprayed on.
- the liquid substance to be applied or sprayed contains a liquid component at a temperature at which the nanofiber sheet 10 is attached, and has a viscosity at that temperature (viscosity measured using an E-type viscometer) of about 5000 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- a substance having is used. Examples of such a liquid substance include water, an aqueous solution, a liquid ester oil, a hydrocarbon oil, a silicone oil, a liquid polyol at 20° C.
- glycerin such as glycerin, propylene glycol, etc., and one or two selected from these.
- examples thereof include an aqueous dispersion containing at least one species.
- an emulsified liquid such as an O/W emulsion, an aqueous liquid thickened with various thickeners such as thickening polysaccharides, and the like can also be used as the liquid substance.
- the nanofiber layer 11 is used by being attached to the surface of the object.
- This method of use is used for the purpose of attaching the nanofiber layer 11 to the surface of an object to improve the appearance or surface condition of the object.
- the appearance of the skin can be improved by attaching the nanofiber layer 11 to the skin to hide the spots and wrinkles on the skin.
- the surface condition of the skin can be improved by attaching the nanofiber layer 11 to the skin to improve the paste of the foundation, that is, the degree of application of the foundation.
- FIG. 9 schematically shows an embodiment (first embodiment) of the electrospinning apparatus used in the method for producing the nanofiber sheet shown in FIG.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 9 integrates a nozzle 20 for discharging a raw material liquid, a counter electrode 30 for generating an electric field between the nozzle 20 and a nanofiber (fiber F) generated from the raw material liquid.
- the collection unit 40 and the nozzle moving mechanism 50 that moves the nozzle 20 are provided.
- the raw material liquid means a solution or dispersion liquid of a raw material resin of nanofiber.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100 discharges a solution or dispersion of a raw material resin (hereinafter, also collectively referred to as “raw material liquid”) from a nozzle 20 to form a fine fiber F by electrospinning.
- the nozzle 20 is attached to a nozzle moving mechanism 50 described later.
- the nozzle 20 is a member that discharges a raw material liquid supplied from a raw material liquid supply unit (not shown), and communicates with the raw material liquid supply unit via a raw material supply passage (not shown).
- the raw material liquid supply unit is capable of quantitatively supplying the raw material liquid to the nozzle 20 by a known means such as a pressure load device.
- the raw material liquid supply unit supplies the raw material liquid to the nozzle 20 continuously or intermittently.
- the nozzle 20 is made of a conductive material such as metal and is electrically connected to the voltage applying section 32. That is, the nozzle 20 can apply a positive or negative voltage.
- the counter electrode 30 is a member made of a conductive material such as metal, and is arranged so as to face the nozzle 20.
- the counter electrode 30 is grounded so that an electric field can be generated between the nozzle 20 and the counter electrode 30.
- the counter electrode 30 is electrically connected to a voltage applying unit 32 such as a direct current high voltage power source and can also apply a voltage.
- the counter electrode 30 is also a collecting unit 40 described later.
- a positive voltage is applied to the nozzle 20, a negative voltage is applied to the counter electrode 30, or both of them are performed to generate a potential difference between the nozzle 20 and the counter electrode 30. It is also preferable that a negative voltage is applied to the nozzle 20, a positive voltage is applied to the counter electrode 30, or both of them are performed to generate a potential difference between the nozzle 20 and the counter electrode 30.
- the potential difference applied between the nozzle 20 and the counter electrode 30, that is, the potential difference applied between the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 may be 1 kV or more, and particularly 10 kV or more, from the viewpoint of improving the chargeability of the raw material liquid. From the viewpoint of preventing discharge, it is preferably 100 kV or less, and particularly preferably 50 kV or less.
- the collection unit 40 is a member that accumulates the fibers F produced by electrically stretching the raw material liquid.
- the collection unit 40 is arranged so as to face the nozzle 20. Further, the collection unit 40 is the counter electrode 30 described above, and is electrically connected to the ground or the voltage application unit 32 so that a voltage can be applied. That is, in this embodiment, an electric field can be generated between the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is configured to move the nozzle 20 in the plane direction.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 includes a slider 51 that holds the nozzle 20 and rails 53 and 55 that extend along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, respectively.
- the slider 51 moves on the rail 53.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is electrically connected to a control unit (not shown), and is operated based on the data of the movement trajectory of the nozzle input to the control unit or an operation input by the operator to the control unit via the controller. Based on the signal, it is possible to deposit the fibers F on the collection unit 40 while moving the nozzle 20.
- the control unit is input with or is capable of inputting the data of the movement trajectory of the nozzle determined in the trajectory calculation step described later.
- the movement trajectory data may be input to the control unit via a recording medium such as a USB memory, or may be input via a network such as the Internet or an intranet.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100 includes a base 60 made of a non-conductive material, and the collecting unit 40 which is the counter electrode 30 is placed on the base 60.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is configured to move the nozzle 20 in the plane direction within the range where the table 60 is arranged.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100 having the above-described configuration is used to deposit the fibers F generated from the raw material liquid by the electrospinning method on the collection part.
- the raw material liquid is supplied to the nozzle 20 and the raw material liquid is discharged from the nozzle.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100 discharges the raw material liquid while moving the nozzle 20 by the nozzle moving mechanism 50.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100 discharges the raw material liquid while moving the nozzle 20 by the nozzle moving mechanism 50.
- the discharged raw material liquid is spun so as to be attracted to the counter electrode 30 while forming the fiber F by repeating electric repulsion and evaporation of the solvent contained in the raw material liquid.
- the nanofibers are deposited on the collection part 40 which is also the counter electrode 30 to form a deposited body of nanofibers (fibers F). This deposit becomes the nanofiber layer 11.
- the nozzle 20 is provided. It is preferable to deposit the fibers F while moving the nozzles in the planar direction, and it is more preferable to deposit the fibers F while moving the nozzles 20 in the planar direction so that the nozzle 20 draws a predetermined circular orbit. For example, the nozzle 20 is moved so as to draw a trajectory in which the deposition positions of the fibers F partially overlap, or the fibers F are deposited, or the deposition time or the deposition amount of the fibers F is different for each deposition position. Is moved to deposit the fibers F.
- the deposition amount of the fibers F can be partially different, and the gradation region G having a deposition amount distribution in which the deposition amount of the fibers F gradually increases in one direction can be formed.
- the counter electrode 30 may be moved in the plane direction.
- the nanofibers are deposited on the collection unit 40 while moving the nozzle 20 as described above.
- the first deposition made of a linear nanofiber deposit along the plan view shape.
- the area e1 is formed.
- the nanofibers discharged from the nozzle tend to be deposited more on the center side than on the outer edge side of the discharge hole of the nozzle 20, and the nanofiber deposit formed along the movement trajectory of the nozzle 20 has its outer edge.
- a region in which the thickness gradually increases from the outer edge toward the center is formed in the portion [see FIG. 10(b)].
- the nanofiber sheet having the gradation region can be manufactured by the method for manufacturing the nanofiber sheet according to the present embodiment. Further, when the nanofiber deposit is formed while moving the nozzle 20, the nanofiber is deposited along the moving trajectory of the nozzle 20, so that the plan view shape of the nanofiber deposit is a moving locus of the nozzle 20. The shape follows. Thereby, the nanofiber layer 11 having a desired planar shape can be easily formed.
- the fiber F is deposited on the collection unit 40 while moving the nozzle 20, but the method for manufacturing a nanofiber sheet of the present invention moves the collection unit 40 on which the fiber F is deposited.
- both the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 may be moved.
- Forming the nanofiber layer while moving both the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 has an advantage that the shape of the nanofiber layer can be easily adjusted to an arbitrary shape.
- the fibers F are deposited on the collection unit 40 while moving at least one of the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40.
- the moving mechanism for moving the collecting unit 40 includes, for example, a stage that holds the surface of the collecting unit 40 opposite to the surface on which the nanofibers are deposited, and a plurality of motors that move the stage in the planar direction. And a collection unit moving mechanism 80 and the like included in the electrospinning apparatus 100A described later.
- the method of manufacturing the nanofiber sheet according to the present embodiment includes a trajectory calculation step of determining the trajectory of the nozzle 20 and a deposition step of depositing nanofibers based on the trajectory. As a result, the thickness of the nanofiber layer can be accurately controlled, and the gradation region G can be formed more reliably.
- the movement trajectory of the nozzle 20 is determined based on the correlation between the factors related to the nanofiber deposition distribution and the thickness of the deposited nanofibers.
- the movement trajectory is capable of forming a predetermined nanofiber sheet.
- the predetermined nanofiber sheet has a gradation region G, and has a predetermined plan view shape and a predetermined thickness.
- the predetermined thickness is a set value determined by product specifications and the like, and may be the minimum thickness or the maximum thickness of the nanofiber layer 11, or the minimum thickness or the maximum thickness of the gradation region G.
- the minimum thickness D5 of the inner region M can be set in order to conceal wrinkles and stains and facilitate penetration of a functional agent such as a beauty essence that permeates the skin.
- the nanofiber sheet does not have the inner region M, it is preferable to set the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion 15 of the gradation region G as the predetermined thickness of the nanofiber sheet.
- the movement trajectory of the nozzle 20 is determined in the trajectory calculation step, but in the trajectory calculation step, the movement trajectory of either or both of the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 is determined.
- the deposition distribution of nanofibers is a distribution of the deposition amount of nanofibers deposited on the collection unit 40.
- Factors relating to the nanofiber deposition distribution include, for example, the moving speed of the nozzle 20 or the collection unit 40, the discharge speed of the raw material liquid, the potential difference between the nozzle 20 and the counter electrode 30, the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40, and the like. And the inner diameter of the nozzle 20, the material of the nozzle, and the like, and one or more selected from these can be combined.
- the thickness of the nanofiber layer can be increased or decreased by adjusting the numerical values of the factors described above.
- the nozzle material affects the charge amount of the nozzle 20.
- the moving speed of the nozzle 20 (hereinafter, also referred to as factor a), the discharge speed of the raw material liquid (hereinafter, also referred to as factor b), and the relationship between the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40.
- factor c the distance
- the amount of nanofibers deposited per unit area increases or decreases, and the thickness of the nanofibers deposited accordingly increases or decreases.
- the area of the nanofiber deposit per unit time increases or decreases depending on the distance (factor c) between the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40.
- the factors a to c are factors that change the deposition distribution of the nanofibers.
- the correlation between the factors a to c and the thickness of the nanofiber deposit is obtained.
- a factor relating to the nanofiber deposition distribution is set to a predetermined value
- a nanofiber test body is created while moving the nozzle 20 on a predetermined trajectory, and the thickness distribution of the test body is measured.
- the thickness distribution of the test body is measured.
- a nanofiber test body is prepared, and the nanofiber test body is expanded.
- Data of thickness hereinafter, also referred to as simulated data
- simulated data Data of thickness in a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the existing direction is acquired.
- Such simulated data can be obtained, for example, by measurement using a laser type three-dimensional shape measuring system (combination of Combs, measurement system EMS2002AD-3D, and Keyence displacement sensor LK-2000). Based on this simulated data and the planar view shape of the nanofiber layer 11 that is set, the thickness of the nanofiber that can be formed is simulated and the movement trajectory is determined.
- the simulated data it is possible to use data in which the set values of the factors a to c are the same, or a plurality of data in which the set values of the factors related to the nanofiber deposition distribution are different.
- the orbit calculation step a set value of a factor related to the nanofiber deposition distribution (for example, the factors a to c) is adjusted, or a portion where the deposition positions of the nanofibers overlap or a portion where the deposition positions of the nanofibers do not overlap are provided on the moving trajectory. Then, the calculation is performed so that the predetermined thickness of the nanofiber sheet becomes the set value. Further, the calculated movement trajectory is a trajectory along the plan view shape of the nanofiber layer 11 set in the product specifications or the like. Such a trajectory is, for example, that of a SEL generator (manufactured by IAI Corporation) or the like. It can be set using software.
- the movement trajectory calculation step follows the calculation of the movement trajectory, that is, the movement until the movement trajectory satisfying the set planar shape of the nanofiber layer 11 and satisfying the condition that the thickness of the nanofiber becomes a predetermined numerical value is obtained. Repeat the trajectory simulation.
- nanofibers are deposited while moving at least one of the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 based on the movement trajectory determined in the trajectory calculation step.
- the data of the moving track determined in the track calculation step is sent to the control unit, and the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is operated based on the operation signal sent from the control unit to move the nozzle 20. It is moved along the movement trajectory. In this way, by moving at least one of the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 along the movement trajectory, it is possible to form a nanofiber layer having a plan view shape and thickness simulated by setting the movement trajectory. ..
- the minimum thickness of the inner region M is set to a predetermined set value or more in the trajectory calculation step. It is preferable to calculate the movement trajectory.
- the minimum thickness D5 of the inner region M is the thickness of the smallest portion of the inner region M (see FIG. 2). In this case, in the trajectory calculation process, the minimum trajectory of the inner region M is set to a desired setting value, and the movement trajectory in which the nanofiber layer 11 has a desired planar view shape is determined.
- the deposition step preferably includes the following first step and second step.
- the first step the deposition portion of the nanofibers is moved along the first movement trajectory r1 so as to form the strip-shaped first deposition region e1.
- the second step one of the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 is continuously connected to the first deposition region e1 or the band-shaped deposition region previously formed by the nanofiber deposition unit in the width direction.
- the deposition step includes a single second step or a plurality of second steps.
- the first step and the second step will be described by taking the method for manufacturing the nanofiber sheet of the present embodiment as an example.
- the method for manufacturing the nanofiber sheet of the present embodiment includes the above-mentioned first step and second step.
- the band-shaped first deposition region e1 in which nanofibers are deposited is formed.
- the first deposition region e1 is formed by moving at least one of the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 along the first movement trajectory.
- the first deposition area and the second strip-shaped deposition area described later have a trajectory direction X along the movement trajectory and a width direction Y orthogonal to the trajectory direction.
- the first deposition region e1 forms a peripheral edge portion of the nanofiber layer 11.
- the first movement trajectory r1 is positioned so as to surround a plurality of second movement trajectories r2 described later.
- the second strip-shaped deposition region e2 in which nanofibers are deposited is formed [see FIG. 11(a)].
- the second strip-shaped deposition region e2 is formed by moving at least one of the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 along the second movement trajectory r2.
- the second strip-shaped deposition area e2 is formed so as to partially and continuously overlap the first deposition area e1 in the width direction Y along the movement trajectory.
- the second strip-shaped deposition region e2 is formed in a region surrounded by the first deposition region e1, and the portion of the second strip-shaped deposition region e2 on the peripheral side in the width direction Y is the orbital direction X thereof.
- a portion continuously inside the first deposition region e1 is overlapped [see FIGS. 11(a) and 11(b)].
- a plurality of second steps are provided, and as the second moving tracks r2 used in each of the second steps, the inner tracks s1 to s3( surrounded by the first moving tracks r1 (See FIG. 12) is calculated in the movement trajectory calculation step.
- These inner side trajectories s1 to s3 are moving trajectories that respectively form the second belt-shaped deposition region, and by moving either one of the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 along these inner side trajectories, First to third inward deposition regions surrounded by the first deposition region are formed.
- a region where the deposition region and another deposition region overlap is also referred to as an overlap region E [see FIG. 11(b)].
- Examples of the form of the overlapping region E include a region in which the first deposition region e1 and the second belt-shaped deposition region e2 overlap, and a region in which the second belt-shaped deposition region e2 and another belt-shaped deposition region overlap.
- the overlapping region E is an outer edge on the side where the midpoint f1 of the deposition region and other deposition regions are arranged in the width direction Y, as shown in FIG. 11B. It is preferably located between f2. In the overlapping region E, it is also preferable that the midpoint f1 of the deposition region and the midpoint f3 of the second strip-shaped deposition region e2 are located within the overlapping region E in the width direction Y.
- the midpoints f1 and f3 in the deposition area are positions that divide the length of the belt-shaped deposition area in the width direction Y into two equal parts.
- the overlapping region E is located in the width direction Y between the midpoint f1 of the first deposition region e1 and the outer edge f2 on the side where the second strip-shaped deposition region e2 is arranged.
- the second strip-shaped deposition region is located between the midpoint f1 in the first deposition region and the outer edge f2 on the side where the second strip-shaped deposition region is arranged.
- the second movement trajectory r2 is calculated so that the midpoint f1 in the deposition area and the midpoint f3 of the second belt-shaped deposition area e2 are arranged so as to partially overlap with each other or within the overlapping area E.
- the midpoint f1 in the deposition area and the midpoint f3 of the second belt-shaped deposition area e2 are arranged so as to partially overlap with each other or within the overlapping area E.
- the calculation of the second movement trajectory r2 by such a method is also referred to as calculation J1 below.
- the deposition step includes a plurality of second steps, it is preferable that the second movement trajectory r2 used in each second step is determined by the calculation J1 in the trajectory calculation step.
- the nanofiber layer 11 has the gradation region G in the outer edge portion thereof, and the overlapping region E in which the outer edge portions of the first deposition region and the second strip-shaped deposition region overlap in the width direction is the overlapping region E.
- the width D10 of the overlapping region E increases as the width W10 increases, and the thickness D10 of the overlapping region E decreases as the width W10 of the overlapping region E decreases. That is, by adjusting the width W10 of the overlapping region E, the minimum thickness D5 of the inner region M can be adjusted.
- the thickness D10 of the overlapping region E is set to be a predetermined thickness or more based on the design of the nanofiber layer 11, for example, the minimum thickness D5 of the design inner region M or more. It is preferable to adjust the width W10 of the overlapping area E so that the second movement trajectory r2 is calculated.
- the calculation of the second movement trajectory r2 by such a method is also referred to as calculation J2 below.
- the deposition step includes a plurality of second steps, it is preferable that the second movement trajectory r2 used in each second step is determined by the calculation J2 in the trajectory calculation step.
- the calculation J1 and the calculation J2 described above calculate the separation distance between the first movement trajectory r1 and the second movement trajectory r2 based on the degree of overlap between the deposited portions of the nanofibers (see FIG. 11(b)). ..
- the size of the overlapping region E may be in the following range. preferable.
- the thickness D10 of the overlapping region in the width direction Y (see FIG. 11B) is preferably 100% or more, more preferably 125% or more, and more preferably 250%, with respect to the minimum thickness D5 of the inner region M. Or less, more preferably 200% or less, preferably 100% or more and 250% or less, and more preferably 125% or more and 200% or less.
- the thickness D10 of the overlapping region E in the width direction Y is the minimum thickness in the overlapping region E.
- the thickness D10 (see FIG. 11(b)) of the overlapping region E is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 0. It is 2 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the width W10 of the overlapping region is preferably 1% or more, more preferably 5% with respect to the distance W11 between the midpoint of the deposition region and the midpoint of another deposition region in the width direction Y. % Or more, preferably 90% or less, more preferably 80% or less, preferably 1% or more and 90% or less, more preferably 5% or more and 80% or less.
- the width W10 of the overlapping region in the width direction Y is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, preferably 80 mm or less, more preferably 60 mm or less, and preferably 1 mm. It is 80 mm or less and more preferably 4 mm or more and 60 mm or less.
- the dimensions (width and thickness) of the overlapping area E described above are obtained by measurement using a laser type three-dimensional shape measurement system (combination of COMS, measurement system EMS2002AD-3D, and Keyence displacement sensor LK-2000). It can be set by using the above-mentioned simulated data. For example, when it is assumed that the two deposition regions are overlapped with a predetermined width W10 in the width direction, the two deposition regions before the overlapping are overlapped based on the deposition distribution data measured while scanning in the width direction Y. The area thickness D10 can be calculated. Spreadsheet software may be used for this calculation.
- the inner trajectories s1 to s3 are calculated so that the inner trajectories s1 to s3 are formed within a range surrounded by the outer adjacent trajectories. .. That is, in the present embodiment, the first inner side trajectory s1 is calculated within the range surrounded by the first moving trajectory r1, and the second inner side trajectory s1 is calculated within the range surrounded by the first inner side trajectory s1. The side track s2 is calculated, and the third inner track s3 is calculated within the range surrounded by the second inner track s2 (see FIG. 12). In the movement trajectory calculation step of the present embodiment, the inner trajectories s1 to s3 are calculated by the above-mentioned calculations J1 and J2 and the calculation J3 described below.
- the third inner side track s3 is a linear track extending in one direction.
- the moving trajectory calculation step calculates a circular trajectory or a non-circular trajectory according to the area and shape of the range in which the moving trajectory is set.
- the calculation of the second moving trajectory r2, that is, the inward trajectory by such a method is also referred to as calculation J3 below.
- the calculation J3 is performed as follows. A region surrounded by the previously determined moving trajectory is determined.
- the previously determined moving trajectory is also referred to as a determined trajectory h, and the area surrounded by the determined trajectory h is also referred to as a determined trajectory inside area H.
- a circular orbit hereinafter, also referred to as a similar trajectory k
- the similar trajectory k corresponds to the determined trajectory h forming the intra-determined trajectory area H. Therefore, when the trajectory line forming the similar trajectory k falls within the determined intra-trajectory area H, the similar trajectory k is assumed. Determine that you can. That is, it is determined whether the similar trajectory k is arranged such that the mutually corresponding portions of the determined trajectory h and the similar trajectory k are adjacent to each other.
- the calculation J3 is performed on the part H1 of the determined orbit h in the area H1 where the parts h1 and h2 of the determined orbit h face each other, and the part of the determined orbit h1 and the similar orbit k corresponding to the part h1. It is determined whether or not the part k1 is adjacent, and another part h2 of the decision trajectory h facing the part h1 of the decision trajectory h and one of the similar trajectories k corresponding to the other part h2. It is determined whether or not the part k2 is adjacent to the part k2.
- a part of the determined trajectory is referred to as a portion h1
- another part of the determined trajectory facing the portion h1 is also referred to as a portion h2.
- a part of the similar trajectory corresponding to the portion h1 is referred to as a portion k1.
- the other part of the similar trajectory corresponding to the portion h2 is also referred to as a portion k2 [see FIGS. 13(a) to 13(c)].
- step (1)P1 it is determined whether the following condition (1) is satisfied.
- step (2) P2 it is determined that a similar trajectory cannot be assumed in the portion H1 where the portions h1 and h2 of the determined trajectory h face each other (see FIG. 13A).
- condition (1) it is determined that it is not possible to envisage a trajectory that does not have a circular shape as described later.
- Condition (1) A part k1 of the similar trajectory k is arranged inward of a part h2 of the decision trajectory, and another part k2 of the similar trajectory is inward of another part h1 of the decision trajectory Placed on the side.
- step (2)P2 it is determined whether the following condition (2) is satisfied.
- condition (2) it is determined that a similar trajectory can be assumed in the portion H1 where the determined horizon h1 and h2 face each other (see FIG. 13B), and the similar trajectory is determined (FIG. 14). P2-1).
- step (3) P3 is performed as the next process.
- Condition (2) a part k1 of the similar trajectory and a part h1 of the decision trajectory are arranged adjacent to each other, and another part k2 of the similar trajectory and another part h2 of the decision trajectory are adjacent to each other. Are arranged.
- a part k1 of the similar trajectories and another part h2 of the decision trajectories are arranged adjacent to each other, and another part k2 of the similar trajectories and the decision trajectory
- An example is one in which a portion h1 is arranged adjacent to each other [see FIG. 13(c)].
- the center line CL1 that bisects the separation distance between the part k1 of the similar trajectory and the other part k2 in the width direction Y is determined as the movement trajectory.
- the center line CL1 is a trajectory that does not have a circular shape, unlike the similar trajectory.
- the above calculation J3 may be repeated depending on the shape and thickness of the nanofiber sheet in plan view. From the viewpoint of improving the adjustment accuracy of the thickness of the nanofiber layer, the calculation J3 is preferably performed for each portion H1 where the portions h1 and h2 of the determined trajectory oppose each other.
- the first to third inner side trajectories s1, s2, s3 are calculated by the above-mentioned calculation J1, calculation J2, and calculation J3 in the track calculation step. Specifically, the distances between adjacent tracks are calculated by the calculations J1 and J2, and the first to third inward tracks s1, s2, s3 are calculated by the calculation J3 based on the distances. There is. As described above, in the method for manufacturing the nanofiber sheet, the movement trajectory may be determined by calculation J1, calculation J2, calculation J3, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- a plurality of movement trajectories are determined in the trajectory calculation step, and the nozzle 20 is moved along the plurality of movement trajectories in the deposition step.
- the moving trajectory Ob in the present embodiment is a combination of a trajectory group that nestedly encloses a plurality of circular orbits that are substantially similar to each other and a crossover trajectory that connects a plurality of trajectories that form the trajectory group. (See Figure 12).
- the trajectory group is composed of a first moving trajectory located at the outermost side and first to third inner side trajectories s1 to s3 located inside the first traveling trajectory.
- a crossover track t connects these plural tracks.
- the plurality of circular orbits forming the orbit group in the moving orbit are connected to the crossover trajectory t.
- the crossover track t connects a plurality of orbits, but may be one that intersects with or contacts each orbit.
- the crossover trajectory t may be a linear trajectory that connects a plurality of circular orbits that form a trajectory group.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100 it is preferable to continuously discharge the raw material liquid from the viewpoint of controlling the discharge speed of the raw material liquid.
- the crossover trajectory t is a linear trajectory that connects the end points of the circular orbits that form the trajectory group. That is, in the trajectory calculation step, it is preferable to calculate the crossover trajectory t so as to be a linear trajectory that connects the end points of the orbits that form the trajectory group.
- the moving trajectory Ob may be a trajectory moving from the outside to the inside, a trajectory moving from the inside to the outside, or from the outside to the inside. It may be a combination of a moving track and a track moving from the inside to the outside. In addition, the movement track Ob may be configured with the same movement direction or a combination of different movement directions.
- the first moving trajectory r1, the first inner side trajectory s1, the second inner side trajectory s2, and the third moving trajectory r1 are used to move from the outer side to the inner side.
- An example is a mode of moving in the order of the inner track s3.
- the first moving trajectory forming the moving trajectory Ob is also simply referred to as r1
- the first to third inward trajectories located inside the first moving trajectory are also simply referred to as s1 to s3.
- At least one of the nozzle and the collecting portion is at least a part of the orbits forming the orbit group in the deposition process. It is preferred to deposit the nanofibers with repeated movements along.
- at least one of the nozzle and the collecting unit repeats the operation of moving along any of the plurality of circular tracks r1, s1 to s3 a plurality of times.
- the movement along the same trajectory may be repeated a plurality of times, and then the movement along another trajectory may be performed, or the operation of performing the movement along each trajectory once may be repeated a plurality of times. ..
- the "same orbit” may be a circular orbit of r1, s1, and s2, or a non-circular orbit of s3.
- each orbit from s1 to s3 may be moved once each, and further each orbit of s2 and s3 may be moved once each. ..
- the nozzle and the collecting unit are set so that the thickness of the nanofiber layer becomes a predetermined set value, for example, the minimum thickness D5 of the designed inner region M or more.
- calculation J4 is a trajectory for each moving trajectory so that the thickness at a predetermined position in the nanofiber layer 11 becomes a set thickness, for example, the minimum thickness D5 of the design inner region M or more.
- the number of repetitions of the movement along is calculated.
- the calculation J4 is effective when the upper limit of the thickness of the overlapping region E calculated in the above-described calculation J2 does not exceed the predetermined design thickness.
- At least one of the nozzle and the collecting unit may repeat the movement along the same circular orbit, but with respect to a plurality of circular orbits that are substantially similar to each other, You may move along.
- the movement trajectory Ob is a combination of a trajectory group and a crossover, but as shown in FIG. 15, the movement trajectory Ob1 may be a single-stroked linear shape.
- a line that can be written with one stroke means that the line is composed of one continuous line and that the lines do not have overlapping portions. With such a configuration, the raw material liquid can be continuously discharged, and the discharge of the raw material liquid can be more controlled.
- a linear movement trajectory that can be written with one stroke there is a spiral movement trajectory shown in FIG.
- the above-mentioned one-stroke writable linear movement trajectory Ob1 is obtained by the movement trajectory calculation process using the above-mentioned calculation J1, calculation J2, and calculation J3.
- the outermost trajectory line becomes the first movement trajectory r1
- the trajectory lines located inward of the trajectory line are the first to third inward directions.
- the side trajectories are s1 to s3.
- the movement trajectory Ob1 may be a trajectory that moves from the outside to the inside or a trajectory that moves from the inside to the outside. ..
- the start point of the movement path Ob1 is i1.
- i2 may be a trajectory that moves so as to be an end point, or i2 may be a trajectory that moves so as to be a start point and i1 is an end point.
- At least one of the nozzle and the trapping portion forms a linear stroke trajectory Ob1 that can be written with one stroke in the deposition process. It is preferred to repeat the movement along. For example, when at least one of the nozzle and the collecting unit moves along the movement trajectory Ob1 shown in FIG. 15, the end point i1 is the starting point, and the end point from the first movement trajectory r1 to the third inner side trajectory s3 side.
- the moving speed of either the nozzle 20 or the collection unit 40 is preferably 5 mm/sec or more, more preferably 50 mm/sec or more, and preferably 1000 mm/sec or less, more preferably Is 150 mm/sec or less, preferably 5 mm/sec or more and 1000 mm/sec or less, and more preferably 50 mm/sec or more and 150 mm/sec or less.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 of the present embodiment includes a base material layer 12 and a nanofiber layer 11 containing nanofibers.
- the base material layer 12 is disposed on one surface of the nanofiber layer 11.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 including the base material layer 12 can be manufactured by disposing the base material layer 12 on the collection part 40 and depositing the nanofibers on the base material layer 12.
- the method for producing the nanofiber sheet is performed by using the obtained nanofiber sheet 10, the base material layer 12, or both of them. It is preferable to include a cutting step of cutting.
- a cutting device provided with a cutter roll having a cutting blade extending in the circumferential direction on the circumferential surface of the roll and an anvil roll for receiving the blade of the cutter roll, an ultrasonic cutter, and the like are known.
- the cutting device can be used.
- the cross-sectional shape of the discharge hole of the nozzle 20 is not particularly limited and may be formed to have any shape such as a circular flat surface or an acute angle portion.
- the diameter at the tip of the nozzle 20, that is, the diameter of the discharge hole is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 20 mm or less from the viewpoint of efficiently depositing the fibers F. , 0.1 mm or more and 15 mm or less.
- the supply end of the raw material liquid supply passage is preferably arranged near the nozzle 20, and for example, the supply end is preferably arranged within a range of 10 mm from the nozzle 20.
- the distance between the tip of the nozzle 20 and the counter electrode 30 in the electrospinning apparatus 100 can be preferably 30 mm or more, more preferably 50 mm or more, and preferably. It can be 350 mm or less, more preferably 300 mm or less.
- electrospinning apparatuses 100A, 100B, 100C and 100D according to second to fifth embodiments described below, differences from the electrospinning apparatus 100 according to the above-described first embodiment will be described.
- the points that are not particularly described are the same as those of the electrospinning apparatus according to the above-described first embodiment, and the description of the electrospinning apparatus is appropriately applied.
- FIG. 16 shows a second embodiment of the electrospinning apparatus.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100A shown in FIG. 16 integrates a nozzle 20 that discharges a raw material liquid, a voltage application unit 32 that is a power source that applies a voltage to the nozzle 20, and a fiber F (nanofiber) generated from the raw material liquid.
- the collecting unit 40, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 that moves the nozzle 20, and the cutting unit 7 that cuts the nanofiber sheet into a contour of a predetermined shape are provided.
- the collection unit 40 is made of a conductive material such as metal.
- the collection unit 40 is arranged so as to face the nozzle 20.
- the collection unit 40 is grounded. Therefore, when a positive or negative voltage is applied to the nozzle 20, an electric field is generated between the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40.
- the cutting unit 7 cuts the nanofiber sheet 10 formed on the collection unit 40 into a contour of a predetermined shape.
- the cutting unit 7 is attached to a cutting unit moving mechanism 70 described later.
- Examples of the cutting unit 7 include a laser processing machine that melts and cuts by irradiation with laser light, and an ultrasonic cutter that melts and cuts by frictional heat generated by ultrasonic vibration.
- a laser beam machine is preferably used because it is compact and can be cut into a fine shape.
- examples of the laser light to be applied include CO 2 laser, excimer laser, argon laser, semiconductor laser, YAG laser and the like.
- a CO 2 laser is preferably used from the viewpoint of efficiently cutting the nanofiber sheet.
- the output of the laser light is preferably 1.5 W or more, more preferably 5 W or more, and preferably 150 W or less, more preferably 50 W or less.
- the irradiation time of the laser beam is preferably 1 mm/sec or more, more preferably 20 mm/sec or more, and preferably 1200 mm/sec or less, more preferably 300 mm/sec or less.
- the collection unit 40 is formed of a member having air permeability. Is preferred.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100A has a pedestal 90.
- the pedestal 90 may be composed of a non-conductive material or a conductive material.
- the pedestal 90 has a vertical direction which is the X-axis direction in a plan view and a horizontal direction which is the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction.
- the main surface of the pedestal 90 formed in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction faces the nozzle 20.
- a collecting unit moving mechanism 80 is placed at the center of the main surface of the pedestal 90.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting portion moving mechanism 70 are arranged at the peripheral portion of the pedestal 90 at a position where they do not interfere with each other.
- the collection unit moving mechanism 80 has an X-axis rail 84 extending in the X-axis direction and a Y-axis rail 86 extending in the Y-axis direction.
- a concave guide groove 83 is formed in the X-axis rail 84 along the X-axis direction.
- a concave guide groove 85 is formed in the Y-axis rail 86 along the Y-axis direction.
- the collection unit 40 is attached to the X-axis rail 84 while being electrically insulated.
- the collection unit 40 is slidable in the X-axis direction along the guide groove 83.
- the X-axis rail 84 is attached to the Y-axis rail 86 while being electrically insulated.
- the X-axis rail 84 is slidable in the Y-axis direction along the guide groove 85.
- the Y-axis rail 86 is placed and fixed on the main surface of the pedestal 90 so as to pass through the center position of the pedestal 90 in the X-axis direction.
- the collecting surface of the collecting unit 40 and the main surface of the pedestal 90 are parallel to each other. According to the collection unit moving mechanism 80 having the above-described configuration, the collection unit 40 can be freely moved along the collection surface in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is configured so that the nozzle 20 can move within at least the range in which the collecting unit 40 moves.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 includes a slider 51 that holds the nozzle 20, X-axis rails 53 and 55 along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and a Z-axis direction that is a vertical direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. And a Z-axis rail 52 extending to the.
- the Z-axis rail 52 has a guide groove 57 formed in a concave shape along the Z-axis direction.
- the slider 51 is fitted in the guide groove 57 and is slidable in the Z-axis direction along the guide groove 57.
- the Y-axis rail 55 has a Y-axis guide groove 56 extending in the Y-axis direction.
- the X-axis rail 53 has an X-axis guide groove 54 extending in the X-axis direction.
- the Z-axis rail 52 is attached to the Y-axis rail 55 while being electrically insulated.
- the Z-axis rail 52 is slidable in the Y-axis direction along the Y-axis guide groove 56.
- the Y-axis rail 55 is attached to the X-axis rail 53 in an electrically insulated state.
- the Y-axis rail 55 is slidable in the X-axis direction along the X-axis guide groove 54.
- One end of the X-axis rail 53 is fixed to a column 59 that is erected on the main surface of the pedestal 90.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 having the above configuration, the nozzle 20 can freely move in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
- the cutting unit moving mechanism 70 is configured so that the cutting unit 7 can move at least within the range in which the collecting unit 40 moves.
- the cutting unit moving mechanism 70 includes a slider 71 that holds the cutting unit 7, Y-axis rails 73 and X-axis rails 75 that extend along the Y-axis direction and the X-axis direction, respectively, and a vertical direction that is orthogonal to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. And a Z-axis rail 72 extending in the Z-axis direction.
- the Z-axis rail 72 has a guide groove 77 formed in a concave shape along the Z-axis direction.
- the slider 71 is fitted in the guide groove 77 and is slidable in the Z-axis direction along the guide groove 77.
- the Y-axis rail 73 has a Y-axis guide groove 74 extending in the Y-axis direction.
- the X-axis rail 75 has an X-axis guide groove 76 extending in the X-axis direction.
- the Z-axis rail 72 is attached to the Y-axis rail 73 while being electrically insulated.
- the Z-axis rail 72 is slidable in the Y-axis direction along the Y-axis guide groove 74.
- the Y-axis rail 73 is attached to the X-axis rail 75 in an electrically insulated state.
- the Y-axis rail 73 is slidable in the X-axis direction along the X-axis guide groove 76.
- One end of the X-axis rail 75 is fixed to a column 79 standing on the main surface of the pedestal 90. According to the cutting section moving mechanism 70 having the above-described configuration, the cutting section 7 can be freely moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
- the collecting unit moving mechanism 80, the nozzle moving mechanism 50, and the cutting unit moving mechanism 70 are electrically connected to a control unit (not shown), and the data of the movement trajectory input to the control unit and the operator's controller. It is possible to move the collecting unit 40, the nozzle 20, and the cutting unit 7 based on an operation signal input to the control unit via. Data of the moving trajectory is input to the control unit or is made inputtable. The input of the movement trajectory data to the control unit may be input via a recording medium such as a USB memory or may be input via a network such as the Internet or an intranet.
- the support column 59 of the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the support column 79 of the cutting section moving mechanism 70 are supported by a pedestal 90 that is a common supporting member. That is, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit 7 are supported by the common supporting member.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100A has a manufacturing unit that manufactures the nanofiber sheet 10 by depositing the fibers F on the collection unit 40 while freely moving the nozzle 20 in the three axial directions by the nozzle moving mechanism 50, and a cutting unit.
- a single moving device is provided with a cutting unit that cuts the nanofiber sheet 10 into a contour of a predetermined shape while freely moving the cutting unit 7 in the three axial directions by the unit moving mechanism 70.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100A of the present embodiment is compact in size as a whole. Utilizing the advantage of being compact, the electrospinning apparatus 100A of the present embodiment can be easily installed, for example, in a store or the like that sells nanofiber sheets, and a contour of a desired shape can be provided on the spot according to the customer's request. A nanofiber sheet having the same can be provided.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit 7 being supported by a common supporting member means that the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit 7 are moved at the same time by moving the supporting member. And that the cutting part 7 is attached to the support member. Therefore, when only one of the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit 7 moves and the other does not move when the supporting member is moved, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit 7 have a common supporting member. Not supported by.
- a preferred embodiment of the method for producing the nanofiber sheet 10 using the electrospinning apparatus 100A will be described by taking the production of a nanofiber sheet having a nanofiber layer and a base material layer as an example.
- the base material layer is arranged on the collection unit 40.
- the collection unit moving mechanism 80 is operated to move the collection unit 40 to a predetermined position.
- the raw material liquid is supplied to the nozzle 20 while the electric field is generated between the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40, and the raw material liquid is discharged from the nozzle.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is operated based on an operation signal sent from a control unit (not shown) to move the nozzle 20.
- the discharged raw material liquid is spun so as to be attracted to the collection unit 40 while forming the fiber F while evaporating the solvent contained in the raw material liquid before reaching the base material layer.
- the fibers F are deposited on the base material layer arranged in the collection unit 40 to form a deposit of the fibers F. This deposit becomes a nanofiber layer.
- the cutting unit moving mechanism 70 is operated to move the cutting unit 7, while irradiating laser light from the cutting unit 7 to cut the nanofiber sheet 10. ..
- the nanofiber sheet 10 having a desired plan view shape is formed.
- the cutting unit 7 cuts only the nanofiber layer on the base material layer, or cuts only the base material layer located outside the peripheral edge of the deposited nanofiber layer, depending on the irradiation conditions of the laser light and the like. , Or the entire nanofiber sheet 10 including the base material layer and the nanofiber layer is cut.
- the nozzle 20, the cutting unit 7, and the collecting unit 40 be moved at a constant speed.
- the preferable range of the moving speed of each of these parts can be set to the same range as the above-mentioned "moving speed of one of the nozzle 20 and the collecting part 40".
- the electrospinning apparatus 100A of the present embodiment is preferably covered with a cover in consideration of being installed in a store or the like. It is preferable that the cover is partially provided with a transparent portion. From the viewpoint of attenuating unintentionally leaking laser light, the transparent portion is preferably made of a material that easily absorbs light having the wavelength of the laser light, such as acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, or glass.
- FIG. 17 shows a third embodiment of the electrospinning apparatus.
- the points different from the electrospinning apparatus 100A of the second embodiment will be described.
- the points that are not particularly described are the same as those of the electrospinning apparatus according to the second embodiment, and the description of the electrospinning apparatus is appropriately applied.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100A described above includes the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit moving mechanism 70 in addition to the nozzle moving mechanism 50.
- the cutting unit 7 is provided. It is attached to the nozzle moving mechanism 50.
- a collecting section moving mechanism 80 is placed at the center of the pedestal 90. Further, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is arranged on the peripheral portion of the pedestal 90.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 of the electrospinning apparatus 100B includes a slider 51 that holds the nozzle 20, an X-axis rail 53, a Y-axis rail 55, and a Z-axis rail 52.
- the slider 51 is fitted in a guide groove 57 formed in the Z-axis rail 52.
- the slider 51 holds the nozzle 20 and the cutting portion 7 other than the nozzle 20.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 allows the slider 51 to move freely in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction. As a result, the nozzle 20 and the cutting section 7 can move freely in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
- the nozzle 20 and the cutting unit 7 are supported by the slider 51 that constitutes the nozzle moving mechanism 50. That is, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit 7 are supported by the common supporting member. As a result, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 can freely move the nozzle 20 and the cutting unit 7 in the three axial directions. Since the electrospinning apparatus 100B includes the manufacturing unit that manufactures the nanofiber sheet 10 and the cutting unit that cuts the nanofiber sheet 10 into the contour of the predetermined shape in the same nozzle moving mechanism 50, the entire apparatus is more compact. It will be
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is operated based on the operation signal sent from the control unit (not shown), as in the above-described electrospinning apparatus 100A.
- the raw material liquid is discharged from the nozzle 20 while moving the nozzle 20, and the nanofiber layer is formed on the base material layer arranged in the collection unit 40 to manufacture the nanofiber sheet 10.
- the cutting unit 7 emits laser light to cut the nanofiber sheet 10.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 having a desired shape is formed.
- the above-described electrospinning apparatus 100A shown in FIG. 16 includes a collecting unit moving mechanism 80 mounted on the central portion of the pedestal 90, a nozzle moving mechanism 50 arranged on the peripheral portion of the pedestal 90 so as to face each other, and a cutting unit. Although it has the part moving mechanism 70, it has the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the collecting part moving mechanism 80, but does not have the cutting part moving mechanism 70.
- the cutting part 7 may be fixed. Even in such an apparatus, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit 7 are supported by the pedestal 90 that is a common supporting member, and the entire apparatus becomes extremely compact.
- the cartridge unit 1 shown in FIG. 18 includes a storage unit 2 that can store a raw material liquid, and a nozzle 20 that discharges the raw material liquid.
- the cartridge unit 1 further includes a supply unit 3 that supplies the raw material liquid from the storage unit 2 to the nozzle 20.
- the accommodation section 2 is composed of various containers such as pouches made of synthetic resin.
- the storage unit 2 is formed of a pouch, for example, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, two synthetic resin films having the same shape and the same size are overlapped with each other, and their peripheral edges are liquid-tightly joined. As a result, the accommodating portion can be formed.
- the container 2 is provided with an opening 4 at the peripheral edge thereof, through which the raw material liquid can be filled/delivered. Through the opening 4, the raw material liquid can be filled in the space of the housing portion 2, and the raw material liquid filled in the housing portion 2 can be sent to the outside.
- the nozzle 20 has a small-diameter discharge hole (not shown).
- the nozzle 20 is made of a non-conductive material such as synthetic resin.
- a needle-shaped electrode (not shown) having conductivity is arranged in the discharge hole along the longitudinal direction of the discharge hole. The electrode is used to charge the raw material liquid discharged through the nozzle 20.
- the electrodes are connected to a power source described below. As a result, a positive or negative voltage is applied to the nozzle 20.
- the nozzle 20 has one end of its discharge hole directly connected to the supply unit 3 of the cartridge unit 1.
- the direct connection means that the nozzle 20 and the supply unit 3 are connected to each other in the state where a supply pipe which is a member different from these members is not interposed between the nozzle 20 and the supply unit 3.
- the other end of the discharge hole is open to the outside.
- the supply unit 3 has a function of supplying the raw material liquid stored in the storage unit 2 to the nozzle 20.
- the supply unit 3 is provided with a liquid feed mechanism (not shown) for the raw material liquid.
- a liquid feed mechanism for the raw material liquid.
- a known one can be used without particular limitation.
- a gear pump can be used as the liquid feeding mechanism.
- the gear pump is small in size and is capable of quantitatively feeding the raw material liquid with high accuracy, and thus is preferably used in the present invention.
- the supply part 3 has an engagement connection part 5 for connecting to a drive source (which will be described later) for driving the liquid feeding mechanism.
- the engagement connecting portion 5 is adapted to transmit a driving force generated by the driving source to the liquid feeding mechanism by engaging with an engaged connecting portion (not shown) provided in the driving source. ..
- the supply unit 3 has a raw material liquid receiving unit 6 as shown in FIG.
- the receiving portion 6 has a cylindrical base portion 6a.
- the receiving portion 6 further has a liquid receiving pipe 6b which is connected to the upper end of the base portion 6a and has a cylindrical shape with a diameter smaller than that of the base portion 6a.
- the tip of the liquid receiving pipe 6b opens upward in FIG.
- the receiving unit 6 is inserted into the opening 4 provided in the housing unit 2 and the housing unit 2 is detachably attached to the supply unit 3.
- the tip of the liquid receiving pipe 6b reaches the accommodation space of the raw material liquid in the accommodation portion 2, and the raw material liquid is supplied to the supply portion 3. It can be supplied.
- the base portion 6a is fitted into the opening portion 4 in a liquid-tight manner so that the coupling state between the accommodation portion 2 and the supply portion 3 is maintained.
- the direct connection means that the storage section 2 and the supply section 3 are connected to each other without a supply pipe, which is a member different from these members, being interposed between the storage section 2 and the supply section 3.
- the cartridge unit 1 has the above-described configuration, in the present embodiment, when the type of raw material liquid is changed to manufacture another nanofiber sheet, the containing unit 2 is removed to contain another raw material liquid.
- the nozzle 20, which is a relatively expensive member can be reused, which is economical.
- the container 2 and the supply unit 3 are directly connected, and the supply unit 3 and the nozzle 20 are also directly connected, when the cartridge unit 1 is replaced and another raw material liquid is used. There is also an advantage that the passage of the raw material liquid in the cartridge portion 1 can be easily cleaned.
- FIG. 20 shows an electrospinning apparatus 100C according to the fourth embodiment.
- An electrospinning apparatus 100C shown in FIG. 20 includes the cartridge unit 1 shown in FIGS. 18 and 19.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100C is according to the second embodiment except that the cartridge unit 1 having the nozzle 20 is provided and the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is configured to move the entire cartridge unit 1. It has the same configuration as the electrospinning apparatus 100A.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is configured so that the cartridge unit 1 including the nozzle 20 can move within at least the range in which the collecting unit 40 moves.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 of this embodiment has the same structure as that of the nozzle moving mechanism 50 of the second embodiment, except for this structure.
- the cartridge unit 1 is detachably attached to the slider 51. That is, the slider 51 is used not only as a lifting unit for the cartridge unit 1 but also as a mounting unit for the cartridge unit 1.
- the slider 51 which is the mounting portion of the cartridge unit 1, is provided with a drive source 8 for driving the supply unit 3 (see FIGS. 18 and 19) of the cartridge unit 1.
- the drive source 8 is provided with an engaged connection portion (not shown) that engages with the engagement connection portion 5 (see FIGS. 18 and 19) provided in the supply portion 3.
- the engaging connection unit 5 of the supply unit 3 and the engaged connection unit (not shown) of the drive source 8 are engaged with each other.
- the driving force generated by the driving source 8 is transmitted to the supply unit 3.
- the cartridge unit 1 since the cartridge unit 1 is detachably attached to the slider 51, when changing the kind of the raw material liquid to manufacture another nanofiber sheet, the cartridge unit 1 is attached to the slider 51.
- a new nanofiber sheet can be manufactured only by performing a simple operation of removing it from the cartridge and attaching the cartridge part 1 containing another raw material liquid. This advantage becomes particularly remarkable when the accommodation portion 2 of the cartridge portion 1 is not detachable from the supply portion 3.
- the cartridge unit 1 is detachably attached to the slider 51, which is the attachment unit, in an electrically insulated state. By doing so, even when a high voltage is applied to the nozzle 20 provided in the cartridge unit 1, unintended discharge can be effectively suppressed.
- the collecting unit moving mechanism 80, the nozzle moving mechanism 50, and the cutting unit moving mechanism 70 are electrically connected to a control unit (not shown), and the data of the movement trajectory input to the control unit and the operator's controller. It is possible to move the collection unit 40, the cartridge unit 1, and the cutting unit 7 based on an operation signal input to the control unit via the.
- FIG. 21 shows an electrospinning apparatus 100D according to the fifth embodiment.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100D shown in FIG. 21 includes the cartridge unit 1 shown in FIGS. 18 and 19.
- the cutting unit 7 is attached to the nozzle moving mechanism 50.
- the collection unit moving mechanism 80 is placed at the center of the pedestal 90. Further, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is arranged on the peripheral portion of the pedestal 90.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 of the electrospinning apparatus 100D includes a slider 51 to which the cartridge unit 1 including the nozzle 20 is detachably attached, rails 53 and 55, and a Z-axis rail 52.
- the slider 51 is fitted in a guide groove 57 formed in the Z-axis rail 52.
- the slider 51 holds the cartridge unit 1 and the cutting unit 7.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 allows the slider 51 to move freely in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
- the cartridge unit 1 including the nozzle 20 and the cutting unit 7 can move freely in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
- the cartridge unit 1 including the nozzle 20 and the cutting unit 7 are supported by the slider 51 that constitutes the nozzle moving mechanism 50. That is, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit 7 are supported by the common supporting member. As a result, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 can freely move the nozzle 20 and the cutting unit 7 in the three axial directions.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100D includes a manufacturing unit that manufactures the nanofiber sheet 10 and a cutting unit that cuts the nanofiber sheet 10 into a contour of a predetermined shape in the same nozzle moving mechanism 50, so that the entire apparatus is more compact. It will be
- the raw material liquid used in the method for producing a nanofiber sheet using the electrospinning apparatus described above will be described.
- a solution in which a fiber-forming polymer compound is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent can be used.
- the polymer compound capable of forming fibers the above-mentioned nanofiber polymer compound is used.
- inorganic particles, organic particles, plant extracts, surfactants, oil agents, electrolytes for adjusting the ion concentration, and the like can be appropriately added to the raw material liquid.
- solvent of the raw material liquid water, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, 1-butanol, isobutyl alcohol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, tetraethylene glycol, triethylene Glycol, dibenzyl alcohol, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl-n-hexyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl ketone, diisopropyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, acetone, hexafluoroacetone, Phenol, formic
- the above-mentioned nanofiber layer 11 is laminated on the sheet-like material to be the base material layer 12 directly or via an adhesive layer.
- the nanofiber layer 11 and the base material layer 12 are integrated by adhesion such as adhesion using an adhesive, pressure bonding, joining by ultrasonic sealing, fusion by laser, and heat fusion by heat sealing.
- the nanofiber sheet includes an adhesive layer, one or both of the nanofiber layer 11 and the base material layer 12 and the base material layer 12 and the adhesive layer are integrated by the above-mentioned fixing.
- the nanofiber sheet described above may be manufactured by changing the spinning direction of the fiber F without moving the nozzle 20 or the counter electrode 30 to form the gradation region G in which the deposition amount of the fiber F gradually increases.
- the nozzle 20 may be provided with an air flow jetting portion for jetting an air flow, and the air flow may be blown onto the fibers F so that the fibers F are deposited at a desired position.
- the above description relates to manufacturing nanofibers by an electrospinning method and depositing nanofibers on one surface of a base material layer to manufacture a nanofiber sheet, but the present invention relates to fibers other than nanofibers. , For example, it can be applied to fibers thicker than nanofibers.
- the present invention can also be applied to particles produced by electrostatic spraying and collected by the collecting unit.
- the present invention includes a laminated sheet including a base material layer and an ultrathin sheet disposed on one surface of the base material layer.
- the ultra-thin sheet is preferably composed of a deposit of fibers or particles. That is, the ultrathin sheet is preferably a fiber sheet or a film-like sheet.
- the fibers or particles forming the ultrathin sheet can be produced from the raw material liquid by discharging the raw material liquid of the fibers or particles from a nozzle.
- the method is not particularly limited, and for example, the melt spinning method can be adopted.
- the thickness of the fiber generated from the raw material liquid is preferably 10 nm or more, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, and further preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the fibers generated from the raw material liquid is preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the fiber generated from the raw material liquid is preferably 10 nm or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the raw material of the fibers contained in the raw material liquid can be the same as the raw material forming the nanofiber layer 11 described above.
- the particle size is, for example, preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more.
- the particle size is preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle size is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the size of the particles is represented by a volume cumulative particle diameter D 50 at a cumulative volume of 50% by volume measured by a laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution measuring method.
- the raw material of the particles contained in the raw material liquid may be the same as the raw material forming the nanofiber.
- the ultrathin sheet whether it is composed of a deposit of fibers or a deposit of particles, preferably has a thickness of 5.1 ⁇ m or more, and 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the ultrathin sheet is more preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the ultrathin sheet preferably has a thickness of 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the base material layer and the ultrathin sheet are laminated in a peelable manner. Similar to the nanofiber sheet 10 described above, the laminated sheet preferably includes an adhesive layer.
- the adhesive layer is preferably arranged between the base material layer and the ultrathin sheet or on the surface of the ultrathin sheet opposite to the base material layer.
- the ultra-thin sheet has a contour shape according to the application site to which the ultra-thin sheet is applied.
- the application site to which the ultrathin sheet is applied and similar to the nanofiber sheet 10 described above, for example, the surface site of the human body (that is, skin), teeth, gums, hair, skin of non-human mammals ( Skin), teeth, gums, or plant surfaces such as branches and leaves, but not limited to these applied sites.
- the ultra-thin sheet When applying the ultra-thin sheet to, for example, the surface part of the human body, it is preferable to form the ultra-thin sheet so as to have a contour shape according to the application or a contour shape according to the surface part.
- a contour shape For example, when an ultrathin sheet is applied to the area under the eyes, it is preferable to use an ultrathin sheet having an elliptical contour with one bent portion as shown in FIG. It is preferable from the viewpoint. From the same viewpoint, when the ultrathin sheet is applied to the cheek, the ultrathin sheet is a triangle whose corners are rounded and/or whose sides are arcuate toward the outside.
- the ultrathin sheet when the ultrathin sheet is applied to the forehead, it is preferable to use the ultrathin sheet having a substantially elliptical contour. Further, for example, when the ultrathin sheet is used for the purpose of correcting spots, moles, and skin color unevenness on the surface of the human body, a circle, an ellipse, a square with rounded corners, or a combination thereof can be used.
- the contour line of the ultra-thin sheet may be formed by a curved line having a length of more than half of the total length of the contour line. It is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the fit between the ultra-thin sheet and the site to which the ultra-thin sheet is applied. From the viewpoint of making this advantage more remarkable, the contour line of the ultra-thin sheet is constituted by a curved line in a portion of 60% or more, particularly 70% or more, and particularly 80% or more of the entire length of the contour line. Is preferably provided.
- the contour lines of the ultrathin sheet may all be composed of curves. Such a contour line can be specified by the plane contour curve in the above-mentioned [Method of measuring thickness of peripheral edge].
- Ultra-thin sheet has a tapered peripheral area where the thickness gradually increases from the peripheral edge toward the inside.
- the “tapered shape” is the cross-sectional shape of the peripheral region when the ultrathin sheet is viewed along the thickness direction.
- the “tapered peripheral area” has the same meaning as the “gradation area G” described above.
- the tapered peripheral area is formed within a width of 5 mm inward from the peripheral edge of the ultrathin sheet.
- the “width of the tapered peripheral region” has the same meaning as the width W1 of the gradation region G in the nanofiber sheet described above.
- the width of the tapered peripheral region may be the same in any of the peripheral regions or may differ depending on the position. When the width of the tapered peripheral region differs depending on the position, the minimum width is preferably within 5 mm.
- the ultra-thin sheet also has an inner region surrounded by the peripheral region at a position more inward than the tapered peripheral region.
- the inner region is a region having a substantially constant thickness, unlike the peripheral region.
- the thickness of the ultrathin sheet means the thickness in the inner region.
- the thickness of the inner region that is, the thickness of the ultrathin sheet is preferably 5.1 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the ultrathin sheet is preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the ultrathin sheet is particularly preferably 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the inner region is a region where the thickness is substantially constant. Therefore, the inner region is allowed to have a slightly different thickness depending on the position. For example, it is allowed that the thickness is different within a range of ⁇ 25% with respect to the average thickness.
- the width of the inner region is preferably 100 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or less, and further preferably 30 mm or less.
- the minimum width of the inner region is preferably 0 mm, ie the inner region may not be present.
- the “width of the inner region” has the same meaning as the “width W2 of the inner region M” (see FIG. 2) in the nanofiber sheet described above.
- the thickness of the inner region and the thickness of the peripheral region of the ultra-thin sheet can be measured according to the [Method for measuring the three-dimensional shape of the nanofiber layer] described above. This measuring method can also be applied to the measurement of the thickness of the gradation region G and the thickness of the inner region M in the nanofiber sheet described above.
- the base material layer in the laminated sheet preferably has a region extending outward from the peripheral edge of the ultrathin sheet (this region is also referred to as “extension region”). This means that in the nanofiber sheet 10 described above, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the base material layer 12 has a region extending outward from the peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer 11. Is the same as Since the base material layer in the laminated sheet has the extended region, the ultrathin sheet can be easily peeled from the base material layer.
- the base material layer in the laminated sheet may extend from the entire peripheral edge of the ultrathin sheet, or may extend from a part of the peripheral edge. In any case, the extent of extension of the extension region may be different depending on the position, or may be the same.
- the base material layer extends from the entire peripheral edge of the ultrathin sheet, and when the extent of extension of the extension region is the same regardless of the position, the contour shape of the ultrathin sheet and the base material
- the contour shape of the layer is substantially similar. The advantages that the contour shapes of both are similar are as follows.
- the ultrathin sheet is so thin that it may not be easily visible.
- the contour shape of the ultra-thin sheet and the contour shape of the base material layer are substantially similar to each other, the presence of the ultra-thin sheet and It can be easily peeled from the substrate sheet.
- a raw material liquid is discharged from a nozzle, and fibers or particles generated from the raw material liquid are deposited on a collection part to produce an ultrathin sheet having a thickness of 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less.
- a raw material liquid is discharged from a nozzle, and particles generated from the raw material liquid are deposited on a base material on a collection part to produce an ultrathin sheet having a thickness of 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less. It can also be applied to a thin sheet manufacturing method.
- the above-described description regarding the fibers or particles generated from the raw material liquid can be applied to the method for producing these ultra-thin sheets. Further, as for the ultrathin sheet obtained by these manufacturing methods, the above description of the ultrathin sheet is appropriately applied.
- Ultra-thin sheet manufacturing method has a target shape forming process.
- the target shape forming step similar to the manufacturing method of the nanofiber sheet described above, based on the information regarding the contour shape of the target ultrathin sheet, while moving at least one of the nozzle and the collecting unit, The raw material liquid is discharged within the contour of the ultrathin sheet.
- the positional relationship between the nozzle and the collection unit is similar to that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 described above, for example.
- the drive mechanism for the nozzle and the collecting unit is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the raw material liquid is discharged so that a tapered peripheral region in which the thickness gradually increases from the peripheral edge of the contour shape of the target ultra-thin sheet toward the inside is formed.
- tapered shape also refers to the cross-sectional shape of the peripheral region when the ultrathin sheet is viewed along the thickness direction. That is, the “tapered peripheral region” has the same meaning as the “gradation region G” described above, and the above description is applied as appropriate.
- the present invention has been described above based on its preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be modified as appropriate.
- the collection unit 40 is the counter electrode 30, but the collection unit 40 and the counter electrode 30 may be separate members. In this case, the collection unit 40 and the counter electrode 30 are arranged adjacent to each other.
- the nanofiber sheet 10 of the above-described embodiment includes the base material layer 12, the nanofiber sheet 10 may not include the base material layer 12.
- the moving speed of the nozzle 20 As a factor relating to the nanofiber deposition distribution, the moving speed of the nozzle 20, the discharge speed of the raw material liquid, and the distance between the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 are included.
- the moving speed of the nozzle 20 As a factor relating to the nanofiber deposition distribution, the moving speed of the nozzle 20, the discharge speed of the raw material liquid, and the distance between the nozzle 20 and the collection unit 40 are included.
- other factors may be adopted, or these factors may be used in combination with other factors.
- the slider 20 that is the attachment portion of the nozzle 20 or the cartridge portion 1 is attached to the triaxial moving mechanism, but instead of this, at least a uniaxial moving mechanism is used. It need only be attached.
- the collection unit 40 and the slider 71 may be attached to at least a uniaxial moving mechanism.
- the pedestal 90 in the device of each of the above-described embodiments is composed of a single member, but instead of this, two or more members are connected by any connecting means or fastening means, and are substantially It may be in a state of being regarded as a single member.
- the apparatus of each of the above-described embodiments includes the nozzle moving mechanism 50, but instead of this, the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is not used, and the nozzle 20 or the cartridge unit 1 including the nozzle 20 is another supporting member in the apparatus. It may be fixed immovably.
- the device of this embodiment needs to include at least the collecting unit moving mechanism 80.
- a pedestal 90 arranged so as to face the nozzle 20, a collection unit moving mechanism 80 placed in the central portion of the pedestal 90, and a peripheral portion of the pedestal 90 are provided.
- a device including the cutting section moving mechanism 70 disposed in the above, and the collecting section moving mechanism 80 and the cutting section moving mechanism 70 are supported by a pedestal 90 that is a common supporting member.
- a pedestal 90 arranged so as to face the nozzle 20, a collection unit moving mechanism 80 placed in the central portion of the pedestal 90, and a peripheral edge of the pedestal 90.
- a support 7 erected on the base is provided with a cutting unit 7 that is immovably solidified, and the collection unit moving mechanism 80 and the cutting unit 7 are supported by a pedestal 90 that is a common support member. ..
- the electrospinning apparatus 100A of the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 and the electrospinning apparatus 100C of the embodiment shown in FIG. 20 have a collection unit moving mechanism 80 mounted on the central portion of the pedestal 90 and a peripheral portion of the pedestal 90.
- the electrospinning apparatus has the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the collecting unit moving mechanism 80.
- the collecting unit 40 may be fixed to the center of the pedestal 90 without having it.
- the cutting unit moving mechanism 80 may be provided, but the cutting unit moving mechanism 70 may not be provided, and the cutting unit 7 may be fixed to a column that stands on the peripheral edge of the pedestal 90.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit 7 are supported by the pedestal 90, which is a common support member, so that the entire device becomes extremely compact.
- the electrospinning apparatus 100B of the embodiment shown in FIG. 17 and the electrospinning apparatus 100D of the embodiment shown in FIG. 21 have a collecting unit moving mechanism 80 mounted on the central portion of the pedestal 90 and a peripheral portion of the pedestal 90.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 is provided with the nozzle moving mechanism 50, and the nozzle 20 or the cartridge unit 1 and the cutting unit 7 including the nozzle 20 are attached to the nozzle moving mechanism 50.
- the electrospinning apparatus uses the nozzle moving mechanism 50.
- the structure may be such that the collecting unit moving mechanism 80 is not provided and the collecting unit 40 is fixed to the central portion of the pedestal 90.
- the nozzle 20 and the cutting portion 7 are supported by the nozzle moving mechanism 50, which is a common supporting member, so that the entire device becomes very compact.
- the collecting unit moving mechanism 80 is provided, the cutting unit moving mechanism 70 is not provided, and the nozzle 20 and the cutting unit 7 are fixed to a column that stands on the peripheral portion of the pedestal 90. Good.
- the nozzle moving mechanism 50 and the cutting unit 7 are supported by the pedestal 90 that is a common supporting member, and the entire apparatus becomes extremely compact.
- the electrospinning apparatus of each of the above-described embodiments includes the voltage applying unit 32 that is a power source for applying a voltage to the nozzle 20, but instead of this, the electrospinning apparatus is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2017-31517. And a concave curved counter electrode that is arranged so as to face the nozzle and that generates an electric field between the nozzle and the raw material injection section, and between the nozzle and the counter electrode. May be provided with a voltage generator that is a power source for applying a voltage. According to the apparatus described in the publication, it is possible to deposit the nanofibers on the base material layer arranged in the collecting section while blowing the air flow toward the collecting section.
- the present invention further discloses the following nanofiber sheet, a method of using the same and a method of manufacturing the same, and an apparatus for manufacturing a nanofiber sheet.
- a nanofiber sheet comprising a base material layer and a nanofiber layer containing nanofibers of a polymer compound arranged on one surface side of the base material layer,
- the nanofiber layer has a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less at the peripheral edge, and has a gradation region of 3 mm or more in which the thickness gradually increases inward from the peripheral edge.
- a laminated sheet comprising a base material layer and an ultrathin sheet having a thickness of 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less arranged on one surface of the base material layer,
- the ultra-thin sheet has a contour shape according to the application site to which the ultra-thin sheet is applied,
- the ultrathin sheet has a tapered peripheral region in which the thickness gradually increases from the peripheral edge toward the inside,
- the base material layer is a laminated sheet having an area extending outward from the peripheral edge of the ultrathin sheet.
- the thickness of the peripheral edge is 0.3 ⁇ m or more, preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more, and 9 ⁇ m or less, preferably 8 ⁇ m or less, and 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 9 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion that is the inner end in the gradation region or the tapered peripheral region is 5.1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, and 5.
- the inclination angle of the gradation region or the tapered peripheral region is 0.001° or more, preferably 0.002° or more, and 10° or less, preferably 8° or less, and 0.001° or more.
- ⁇ 6> The nanofiber sheet or the laminated sheet according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, wherein a difference in thickness between an inner end and the peripheral edge in the gradation region or the tapered peripheral region is 5 ⁇ m or more. .. ⁇ 7>
- the difference in thickness between the maximum thickness portion which is the inner end of the gradation region or the tapered peripheral region and the peripheral edge is 5 ⁇ m or more, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6> which has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the ratio (D3/D1) of the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion that is the inner end of the gradation area or the tapered peripheral area to the thickness D1 of the peripheral edge is 50 or more, preferably 100 or more, and 5000.
- the nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet according to any one of the above items ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 7> which is preferably 4000 or less, and 50 or more and 5000 or less, preferably 100 or more and 4000 or less.
- the planar shape of the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet has a shape including a plurality of curved portions having different curvatures in a contour, a shape including a plurality of linear portions in a contour, or a contour including the curved portion and the straight portion.
- the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet is disposed adjacent to the base material layer, and the base material layer has breathability, according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 9> above. Nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet.
- the base material layer is a sponge.
- the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet is disposed adjacent to the base layer, the base layer has a plurality of recesses or protrusions of a width larger than the fiber diameter of the nanofibers the nanofiber layer.
- the nanofiber sheet or the laminated sheet according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 12> which is provided on a surface facing the ultrathin sheet.
- the water-insoluble polymer compound contained in the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet is more than 50% by mass, preferably 80% by mass or more, and the water-soluble polymer compound contained in the nanofiber layer is preferably 50% by mass.
- the nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet according to ⁇ 14> which is less than 20% by mass, and more preferably 20% by mass or less.
- the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet contains other components in addition to nanofibers, and the content of nanofibers in the nanofiber layer is 40% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, preferably 70% by mass or more 90 Mass% or less, Any of the above items ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 15>, in which the content of the other component in the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet is 5% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, preferably 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. 2.
- the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet has an inner region surrounded by the gradation region or the tapered peripheral region, and the inner region has a recess,
- the thickness of the recess in the inner region is 50% or more, preferably 60% or more, and 100% or less, preferably 90% or less, and 50% or more with respect to the thickness of the maximum thickness portion.
- the thickness of the recess in the inner region is 5.1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, and 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the inner region, as the recess, is a shallow recess forming a portion having a thickness larger than a maximum thickness portion that is an inner end of the gradation region or the ultrathin sheet, and a portion having a thickness smaller than the maximum thickness portion.
- the thickness of the shallow recess in the inner region is 5.1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, and 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the deep recess is 5.1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, and 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less,
- ⁇ 21> Equipped with an adhesive layer that can be attached to the surface of the object, Any of the above items ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 20>, wherein the adhesive layer is disposed between the base material layer and the nanofiber layer, or on the surface of the nanofiber layer opposite to the base material layer.
- the ultrathin sheet is the laminated sheet according to any one of ⁇ 2> to ⁇ 21>, which is formed of a nanofiber layer containing nanofibers of a polymer compound.
- ⁇ 23> The laminated sheet according to any one of ⁇ 2> to ⁇ 22>, wherein a thickness of a peripheral edge of the ultrathin sheet is 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- ⁇ 24> The laminated sheet according to any one of ⁇ 2> to ⁇ 23>, wherein the tapered peripheral region is formed in a region having a width of 5 mm or less inward from the peripheral edge of the ultrathin sheet. .. ⁇ 25>
- ⁇ 26> A method of using the nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 25>, A method of using a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet, comprising bringing the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet into contact with the surface of an object and using the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet in a wet state.
- ⁇ 27> The method of using the nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet according to ⁇ 26>, wherein the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet is attached to the surface of the object in a wet state.
- nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet according to ⁇ 26> Use of the nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet according to ⁇ 26>, wherein the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet is attached to the surface of an object to wet the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet .. ⁇ 29> Use of the nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet according to ⁇ 26>, wherein the nanofiber layer or the ultrathin sheet is attached to the surface of an object in a wet state .. ⁇ 30>
- ⁇ 31> At least one of the nozzle and the collecting unit that can form the predetermined nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet based on the correlation between the factors related to the deposition distribution of the nanofibers and the thickness of the deposited nanofibers.
- a trajectory calculation step for determining a movement trajectory, ⁇ 30> The nanofiber according to ⁇ 30>, further comprising: a deposition step of depositing the nanofiber while moving at least one of the nozzle and the collection unit based on the movement trajectory determined in the trajectory calculation step.
- Factors related to the deposition distribution of the nanofibers include the moving speed of the nozzle or the collecting unit, the discharge speed of the raw material liquid, the potential difference between the nozzle and the counter electrode, and the nozzle and the collecting unit. ⁇ 1> or a combination of two or more selected from the distance, the inner diameter of the nozzle, and the material of the nozzle. ⁇ 33>
- the predetermined nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet has an inner region surrounded by the gradation region in a plan view thereof, In the trajectory calculating step, the minimum thickness of the inner region is calculated so that the moving trajectory is equal to or more than a predetermined set value.
- ⁇ 34> Depositing the nanofibers on the collecting part while moving at least one of the nozzle and the collecting part, A first step of moving one of the nozzle and the collecting section along a first movement trajectory so that the deposition section of the nanofiber forms a band-shaped first deposition region; In either one of the collection parts, the deposition part of the nanofiber forms a second band-shaped deposition region in which a part in the width direction continuously overlaps the band-shaped deposition region formed first or previously.
- ⁇ 35> When the position that bisects the widthwise length of the strip-shaped deposition region is the midpoint of the strip-shaped region, and the region where the strip-shaped deposition region and another strip-shaped deposition region overlap is an overlapping region, The overlapping region is located between the midpoint of the strip-shaped deposition region and the outer edge of the strip-shaped deposition region on the side where the other strip-shaped deposition region is arranged, in the width direction.
- a method for producing the nanofiber sheet or the laminated sheet described. ⁇ 36> The nanofiber sheet or the laminated sheet according to ⁇ 35>, wherein a midpoint of the band-shaped deposition region and a midpoint of the other band-shaped deposition region are located within the overlapping region in the width direction. Manufacturing method.
- ⁇ 37> When the previously determined movement trajectory is a determination trajectory, and when the area surrounded by the first movement trajectory or the area surrounded by the determination trajectory is a determination trajectory inner area, In the orbit calculating step, in the determined orbital area, a circular orbit similar to a plan view shape of the nanofiber deposit is calculated, or a non-circular orbit is calculated, ⁇ 34> A method for producing a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet according to any one of to ⁇ 36>. ⁇ 38> In the trajectory calculation step, according to the area or shape of the range in which the movement trajectory is set, the similar trajectory or the trajectory that does not have the circular shape is calculated, and the nanofiber sheet or the laminated sheet according to ⁇ 37>. Production method.
- ⁇ 40> The method for producing a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet according to any one of ⁇ 30> to ⁇ 39>, in which one or both of the nozzle and the collecting unit are moved at a constant speed.
- the movement trajectory in which any one of the nozzle and the collection unit moves is a combination of a trajectory group that nests a plurality of trajectories that are substantially similar to each other and a crossover that connects the plurality of trajectories.
- the method for producing the nanofiber sheet or the laminated sheet according to any one of the above ⁇ 30> to ⁇ 40> which is a single-stroke writable linear shape.
- the shape in plan view of the nanofiber sheet or the laminated sheet includes a shape including a plurality of curved portions having different curvatures in a contour, a shape including a plurality of linear portions in the contour, or a contour including the curved portion and the linear portion.
- ⁇ 43> A method for producing a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet according to any one of ⁇ 30> to ⁇ 42>, in which a base material layer is arranged on the collection part and the nanofibers are deposited on the base material layer. ..
- the nanofiber sheet or the laminated sheet according to ⁇ 43> which comprises a cutting step of cutting the nanofiber sheet, the base material layer or both of them, or the laminated sheet, the base material layer or both of them.
- the predetermined nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet has an inner region surrounded by the gradation region in a plan view thereof, When a region where the strip-shaped deposition region and another strip-shaped deposition region overlap is defined as an overlapping region, The minimum thickness of the overlapping region in the width direction is 100% or more, preferably 125% or more, and 250% or less, preferably 200% or less, and 100% or more with respect to the minimum thickness of the inner region.
- the minimum thickness of the overlapping region is 0.2 ⁇ m or more, preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, 100 ⁇ m or less, preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, and 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, The method for producing a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet according to ⁇ 45>.
- the width of the overlapping region is 1% or more, preferably 5% or more, and 90% or less, preferably 80, with respect to the distance between the midpoint of the deposition region and the midpoint of another deposition region in the width direction. % Or less, and 1% or more and 90% or less, preferably 5% or more and 80% or less, the method for producing a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet according to ⁇ 45> or ⁇ 46>.
- the width of the overlapping region in the width direction is 1 mm or more, preferably 4 mm or more, and 80 mm or less, preferably 60 mm or less, and 1 mm or more and 80 mm or less, preferably 4 mm or more and 60 mm or less, 45> to ⁇ 47>, the method for producing the nanofiber sheet or the laminated sheet.
- a manufacturing apparatus for a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet comprising: a collecting part; and a mechanism for moving at least one of the nozzle and the collecting part, Based on the data of the moving trajectory input in the control unit, while moving at least one of the nozzle and the collecting unit, it is possible to deposit the nanofibers on the collecting unit, Nanofiber in which the data of the movement trajectory determined in the trajectory calculation step of the method for manufacturing the nanofiber sheet or the laminated sheet according to ⁇ 31> is input or is inputtable to the control unit. Sheet or laminated sheet manufacturing equipment.
- a nozzle for discharging the raw material liquid A power source for applying a voltage to the nozzle, or a counter electrode arranged to face the nozzle and generating an electric field between the nozzle and a power source for applying a voltage between the nozzle and the counter electrode, A collection unit for depositing nanofibers generated from the raw material liquid, A nozzle moving mechanism for moving the nozzle with respect to the collecting unit, A manufacturing apparatus for a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet, comprising: a cutting unit that cuts a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet containing a layer of the nanofibers deposited in the collection unit into a predetermined shape, An apparatus for manufacturing a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet, wherein the nozzle moving mechanism and the cutting section are supported by a common supporting section.
- a nozzle for discharging the raw material liquid A power source for applying a voltage to the nozzle, or a counter electrode arranged to face the nozzle and generating an electric field between the nozzle and a power source for applying a voltage between the nozzle and the counter electrode, A collection unit for depositing nanofibers generated from the raw material liquid, A collection unit moving mechanism that moves the collection unit with respect to the nozzle, A manufacturing apparatus for a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet, comprising: a cutting unit that cuts a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet containing a layer of the nanofibers deposited in the collection unit into a predetermined shape, An apparatus for manufacturing a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet, wherein the collecting section moving mechanism and the cutting section are supported by a common supporting section.
- a cutting part moving mechanism for moving the cutting part with respect to the collecting part is further provided, and the cutting part moving mechanism is supported by the supporting part, whereby the cutting part and the collecting part moving mechanism are provided.
- the manufacturing apparatus according to ⁇ 54> wherein the manufacturing apparatus is supported by the common supporting unit.
- the cutting unit is a laser processing machine.
- the collection unit has air permeability.
- ⁇ 58> Any one of the above ⁇ 50> to ⁇ 57>, wherein the manufacturing apparatus is entirely covered with a cover having a transparent portion at least in part, and the transparent portion is made of acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin or glass. 1.
- the manufacturing apparatus according to 1. ⁇ 59> The manufacturing apparatus according to any one of ⁇ 50> to ⁇ 58>, further including a dust collecting and deodorizing mechanism.
- the nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet has a layer of the nanofibers and a substrate layer supporting the layer, The cutting section is configured to cut only the nanofiber layer, cut only the base material layer, or cut the entire nanofiber sheet or laminated sheet.
- a cartridge unit having a storage unit capable of storing the raw material liquid, a nozzle for discharging the raw material liquid, and a supply unit for supplying the raw material liquid from the storage unit to the nozzle;
- a power source for applying a voltage to the nozzle, or a counter electrode arranged to face the nozzle and generating an electric field between the nozzle and a power source for applying a voltage between the nozzle and the counter electrode,
- a mounting portion for the cartridge portion A collector for collecting nanofibers produced by electrically stretching the raw material liquid, and a manufacturing apparatus for a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet, comprising:
- the cartridge portion is detachably attached to the attachment portion,
- a cartridge unit having a storage unit capable of storing the raw material liquid, a nozzle for discharging the raw material liquid, and a supply unit for supplying the raw material liquid from the storage unit to the nozzle;
- a power source for applying a voltage to the nozzle, or a counter electrode arranged to face the nozzle and generating an electric field between the nozzle and a power source for applying a voltage between the nozzle and the counter electrode,
- a mounting portion for the cartridge portion A collector for accumulating nanofibers produced by electrically stretching the raw material liquid
- a drive source for driving the supply unit of the cartridge unit in a state where the cartridge unit is attached to the attachment unit, the attachment unit is provided with An apparatus for manufacturing a nanofiber sheet or a laminated sheet, wherein, in the cartridge section, the accommodation section is detachably attached to the supply section.
- the manufacturing apparatus In the cartridge section, the manufacturing apparatus according to ⁇ 61> or ⁇ 62>, in which the accommodation section is detachably attached to the supply section.
- the mounting portion is composed of at least a uniaxial moving mechanism.
- the collection unit includes at least a uniaxial moving mechanism.
- ⁇ 67> The manufacturing apparatus according to any one of ⁇ 61> to ⁇ 66>, in which the mounting portion, the collecting portion, and the power source are supported by a common supporting portion.
- ⁇ 68> The manufacturing apparatus according to any one of ⁇ 61> to ⁇ 67>, in which the accommodation section, the supply section, and the nozzle are directly connected to each other in the cartridge section.
- a method for producing an ultrathin sheet which comprises ejecting a raw material liquid from a nozzle and depositing fibers or particles generated from the raw material liquid on a collecting part to produce an ultrathin sheet having a thickness of 5.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less.
- a nanofiber layer having a plan view shape in which a plurality of curved portions having different curvatures form irregularities was manufactured such that the width of the gradation region was 3 mm or more, or 4 mm or more.
- This nanofiber layer had a maximum length of 30 mm in plan view.
- a nanofiber layer composed of polyvinyl butyral (PVB; S-LEC B BM-1 manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) nanofibers was formed by the above-described manufacturing method. The thickness of the nanofiber was 100 nm.
- the nanofiber layer contains 12% of PVB, 61.25% of ethanol, 26.25% of 1-butanol, and a quaternary salt-based surfactant (Kao Corporation, trade name "Sanisol C”) 0.5. %, and was formed by the electrospinning method.
- the conditions for carrying out the electrospinning method were a voltage of 30 kV, a separation distance between the tip of the nozzle and the counter electrode of 200 mm, and a discharge rate of 1 ml/h.
- the fiber deposition by electrospinning was performed while moving the nozzle in the plane direction.
- the thickness D1 of the peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer, the width W1 of the gradation region, and the thickness D3 of the maximum thickness portion 15 were measured by the above-described measurement method.
- the inclination angle ⁇ is calculated from the difference D2 in thickness between the peripheral edge 17 and the maximum thickness portion 15 in the gradation region G and the width W1 of the gradation region G.
- Table 1 The measurement results and calculation results are shown in Table 1 below.
- the width W1 of the gradation region was visually the same in the entire area of the nanofiber layer.
- the width W1 of the gradation region of each individual nanofiber layer in Examples 6 to 9 was visually the same in the entire region of the nanofiber layer.
- the nanofiber layer had a ratio (%) of the entire length of the contour line in plan view occupied by a portion constituted by a curved line to 100%. That is, in the nanofiber layer, the entire length of the contour line in plan view was constituted by a curved line.
- nanofiber layer a raw material solution containing 12% PVB and 88.0% ethanol was used, and the thickness of the peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer was 12 ⁇ m or 15 ⁇ m. It was formed by the electrospinning method under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that D3 was set to 15 ⁇ m or 20 ⁇ m. The thickness of the nanofiber was 500 nm. The measurement results are shown in Table 1 below.
- the nanofiber layer in each example is hard to see when it is attached to the skin, and even if a foundation is applied from above, it fits on the skin and gives a natural finish.
- the nanofiber layer in each comparative example is attached to the skin, its presence is conspicuous and visible.
- the nanofiber layer in each of the comparative examples exhibits a color tone different from that of the surrounding skin, so that the nanofiber layer does not conform to the skin and has an unnatural finish.
- Example 10 Evaluation of the above [concealing ability for stains and wrinkles] was performed using the nanofiber layer of Example 4 and the nanofiber layer of Example 10.
- the nanofiber layer of Example 10 was manufactured by the same method as that of Example 4 except that the maximum thickness D3 of the gradation region was 50 ⁇ m.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the hiding property of the nanofiber layer in the present invention is improved by applying a foundation from above the nanofiber layer. For example, in Examples 4 and 10, it was possible to effectively hide spots and wrinkles. Further, by increasing the thickness of the maximum thickness portion of the gradation region, it was possible to hide the spots and wrinkles so that they could not be seen.
- FIG. 22 shows the cross-sectional contour curve of the cross-section corresponding to the position of line II-II in FIG.
- FIG. 22 shows the peripheral edge CP of the nanofiber layer, the gradation region G, and the vertex position CT together with the cross-sectional contour curve.
- the peripheral edge thickness D1 was 4.5 ⁇ m
- the gradation region had a sigmoid curve that increased in thickness from the peripheral edge CP to the apex position.
- nanofiber sheet including a nanofiber layer that is difficult to visually recognize when it is attached to the skin, and a method of using the nanofiber sheet. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a nanofiber sheet including a nanofiber layer that is difficult to visually recognize when it is attached to the skin.
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Abstract
Description
前記ナノファイバ層は、その周縁端の厚みが0.1μm以上10μm以下であることが好ましい。
前記ナノファイバ層は、その周縁端から内方に向かって漸次厚みが増加するグラデーション領域を3mm以上有していることが好ましい。
前記使用方法は、対象物の表面に前記ナノファイバ層を当接させ、且つ該ナノファイバ層を湿潤させた状態で使用することが好ましい。
前記極薄シートは厚み5.1μm以上500μm以下であることが好ましい。
前記極薄シートは、該極薄シートが適用される被適用部位に応じた輪郭形状を有していることが好ましい。
前記極薄シートは、その周縁端から内方に向かって厚みが漸次増加するテーパー状の周縁領域を有していることが好ましい。
前記基材層は、前記極薄シートの前記周縁端から外方に向かって延出する領域を有していることが好ましい。
前記製造方法は、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、前記ナノファイバを前記捕集部上に堆積させることが好ましい。
前記製造方法は、周縁端から内方に向かって漸次厚みが増加するグラデーション領域を有する所定のナノファイバシートを製造することが好ましい。
前記製造装置は、制御部内に入力された移動軌道のデータに基づき、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、前記ナノファイバを前記捕集部上に堆積させることが可能になされていることが好ましい。
前記製造装置は、前記制御部に、軌道計算工程で決定された移動軌道のデータが、入力されているか又は入力可能になされていることが好ましい。
極薄シートはその厚さが5.1μm以上500μm以下であることが好ましい。
極薄シートの製造方法は、目的とする前記極薄シートの輪郭形状に関する情報に基づいて、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、該極薄シートの輪郭形状の範囲内に前記原料液を吐出する目的形状形成工程を備えることが好ましい。
前記目的形状形成工程においては、前記輪郭形状の周縁端から内方に向かって漸次厚みが増加する、幅5mm以内のテーパー状の周縁領域が形成されるように、前記原料液を吐出することが好ましい。
特許文献1及び2の化粧用シートは、肌に貼付すると、該化粧用シートが視認され得るため、自然な見た目に仕上げる点が不十分であった。特許文献3~7は、肌に貼付されたナノファイバシートを視認され難くする技術を開示していない。
ナノファイバシート10は、図1に示すように、基材層12と、高分子化合物のナノファイバを含むナノファイバ層11とを備えている。ナノファイバ層11の一方の面には基材層12が配置されている。本実施形態においてナノファイバ層11と基材層12とは隣接して配置されている。
ナノファイバ層11は、その周縁端17の厚みD1が0.1μm以上10μm以下である。ナノファイバ層11において、その周縁端17の厚みD1が位置によって異なっている場合、該周縁端17の厚みの最小値及び最大値が上記の範囲内であることが好ましい。
前記周縁端17の厚みD1(図2参照)は、好ましくは0.3μm以上、より好ましくは0.5μm以上であり、また10μm以下、好ましくは9μm以下、より好ましくは8μm以下であり、また好ましくは0.3μm以上9μm以下、より好ましくは0.5μm以上8μm以下である。前記の周縁端17の厚みD1は、以下の〔ナノファイバ層の三次元形状の測定方法〕により、測定することができる。
ナノファイバ層11の周縁端17の厚みD1は、ナノファイバ層の第1面の表面の三次元形状を、レーザー式三次元形状測定システム(例えば、コムス社製、測定システムEMS2002AD-3D、及びキーエンス社製 変位センサLK-2000の組合せ)を用いることによって、測定される。先ず、基材層をオートステージ上に載置してナノファイバシートをセットする。次いで、オートステージをX軸方向に移動させながら、レーザー変位計を走査させ、所定の計測ピッチXPでナノファイバ層の第1面の表面の高さを計測する。そして、オートステージをX軸と直交するY軸方向に、計測ピッチYPでずらして、オートステージをX軸方向に移動させながら、レーザー変位計を走査させ、所定の計測ピッチXPでナノファイバ層の第1面の表面の高さを計測する動作を繰り返すことにより、ナノファイバ層の第1面の表面形状データを得る。X軸方向の計測ピッチは0.235mmとし、Y軸方向の計測ピッチYPは0.350mmとし、高さ(Z軸)方向の分解能は0.1μmとする。また、測定範囲は、平面視、即ちX軸方向及びY軸方向においてナノファイバ層全体が含まれる範囲とし、対象物に応じて計測ピッチは適宜変更しても差し支えない。以上の測定を無荷重下にて行う。そして、測定された三次元形状データに基づいて、ナノファイバ層における周縁端の厚みの測定を行う。以下に前記周縁端との厚みの測定方法の詳細を説明する。特に断らない限り、以下の説明において「厚み」は、三次元形状データに基づいて測定した値のことを意味する。
先ず、平面視におけるナノファイバ層の輪郭形状を表す平面輪郭線を求める。平面輪郭線は、前記三次元形状データに基づいて取得してもよく、顕微鏡等を用いたナノファイバの拡大観察によって取得してもよい。ナノファイバを含むナノファイバ層は、表面から飛び出した繊維が存在すること、及び局所的に繊維の少ない部分や多い部分が形成されていることが一般的であるので、前記三次元形状データに基づいて得られる厚み等の測定値を位置ごとにプロットしたグラフ、具体的には平面輪郭線や後述する断面輪郭線又は80%厚み等高線がノイズを含んでいることがある。斯かるノイズを除去する観点から、平面輪郭線、断面輪郭線又は80%厚み等高線に対し、多項近似式による近似曲線化処理を行う。当該処理により複数の近似曲線が得られる場合は、三次元形状データに最も近い近似曲線を選択する。次いで、平面輪郭線を近似曲線化した平面輪郭曲線を三次元形状データに対応させ、該三次元形状データにおけるナノファイバ層の周縁端を特定し、該周縁端の厚みを測定する。
先ず、前記三次元形状データにおいて、厚みが最大となる位置を頂点位置として特定し、該頂点位置におけるナノファイバ層の厚みを求める。次いで、前記三次元形状データに基づき、厚みが頂点位置の厚みの80%となる領域の輪郭を示す等高線(以下、「80%厚み等高線」ともいう)を求め、該等高線の位置を、前記平面輪郭曲線とともに前記三次元形状データに反映させる。例えば、図23に示すように、前記三次元形状データに平面輪郭曲線C0及び80%厚み等高線C80を反映させる。この80%厚み等高線は、前述した近似曲線化処理を行ったものを用いる。次いで、平面輪郭曲線上の任意の位置を第1のポイントとし、該平面輪郭曲線の周長を10等分する第1~第10のポイントを該平面輪郭曲線上に設定する。図23に示す符号N1~N10は、第1~第10ポイントの一例である。次いで、第1~第10のポイントそれぞれにおいて、前記三次元形状データにおけるナノファイバ層の断面輪郭線を求める。断面輪郭線は、平面視において平面輪郭曲線上の第1~第10のポイントそれぞれと前記80%等高線とを最短距離で結ぶ線分に沿って、前記三次元形状データのナノファイバ層を切断したときの断面の輪郭線である。次いで、第1~第10のポイントそれぞれにおける断面輪郭線に対し、前述した近似曲線化処理を行い、断面輪郭曲線を取得する。次いで、得られた各断面輪郭曲線に、これと対応する第1~第10のポイントの位置を反映させて、断面輪郭曲線におけるナノファイバ層の周縁端の位置を特定する。次いで、得られた各断面輪郭曲線において、周縁端からナノファイバ層の内方に向かって漸次厚みが増加する領域であって、その幅が3mm以上の傾斜領域を特定する。当該幅は、断面輪郭曲線における、周縁端から頂点位置までの長さ、又は周縁端から後述する最大厚み部までの長さである。また、断面輪郭曲線において漸次厚みが増加するパターンとしては、例えば直線状に増加するパターンや、シグモイド曲線や指数関数曲線等のように曲線状に増加するパターン、多段的に増加するパターン等が挙げられる。そして、第1~第10のポイントのうち、前記傾斜領域を有する断面輪郭曲線が確認されたポイントの数を計測する。計測した傾斜領域を有する断面輪郭曲線のポイント数を「n」としたとき、「(n/10)×100(%)」により、第1~第10のポイントの合計10箇所に対する、傾斜領域を有する断面輪郭曲線の数の割合(%)を求めることができる。即ち、ナノファイバ層の周縁全長に対してグラデーション領域を何%有しているのかを判断することができる。例えば、第1~第10のポイントのうち、5箇所で前記傾斜領域を有する断面輪郭曲線が確認された場合、測定対象のナノファイバ層は、該ナノファイバ層の周縁全長に対しグラデーション領域を50%有するものと判断することができる。
後述するグラデーション領域Gにおける最大厚み部15の厚みや傾斜角度等といった、グラデーション領域G及び内方領域Mの各寸法は、特に断りがない限り、前記傾斜領域を有する各ポイントの断面輪郭曲線から求められる測定値の算術平均値とする。
ナノファイバ層11の周縁全長に対するグラデーション領域Gが存在する部分の合計長さの割合は、測定の便宜上、前述した〔グラデーション領域の特定方法〕で求めた第1~第10のポイントの合計10箇所に対する、傾斜領域を有する断面輪郭曲線の数の割合(%)として算出することができる。例えば、傾斜領域を有する断面輪郭曲線の数が「6」である場合、ナノファイバ層11の周縁全長に対するグラデーション領域Gが存在する部分の合計長さは「60%」となる。
ナノファイバシート10は、グラデーション領域Gを有するナノファイバ層11の周縁端の厚みを0.1μm以上10μm以下とし、グラデーション領域Gの幅W1を3mm以上とすることにより、肌等の対象物に貼付した状態において、ナノファイバ層11の外縁が目立たず、該ナノファイバ層11を視認し難いものとなる。このようなナノファイバシート10のナノファイバ層11を肌に貼付することにより、例えば、肌のシミや皺を効果的に隠蔽することができ、しかもナノファイバ層11の存在が認識され難い。また、肌に貼付したナノファイバ層11の上からファンデーション等の化粧料を付着させても、ナノファイバ層11の外縁(周縁端)が目立ち難く、肌に馴染んだ見た目となり、自然な仕上がりとなる。
また、上記と同様の観点から、ナノファイバ層11の頂点位置における厚みは、前記最大厚み部15の厚みD3の好ましい範囲内であることが好ましい。
また、上記と同様の観点から、ナノファイバ層11の頂点位置における厚みは、周縁端17の厚みD1に対する比率が、前記D3/D1の好ましい範囲内であることが好ましい。
基材層12としては、例えばポリオレフィン系の樹脂やポリエステル系の樹脂を始めとする合成樹脂製のフィルムや、不織布等の繊維シートを用いることができる。基材層12を、ナノファイバ層11に対して剥離可能に積層する場合には、フィルムにおけるナノファイバ層11との対向面に、シリコーン樹脂の塗布やコロナ放電処理などの剥離処理を施しておくことが、剥離性を高める観点から好ましい。また、剥離性を高める観点から、合成樹脂製のフィルム等を基材層12として用いる場合、該フィルムの表面に、粉又は粒を散布させて形成される粉又は粒の層を設けることが好ましい。
ナノファイバ層11を肌に容易に貼付する観点から、基材層12は不織布であることが好ましい。
ナノファイバ層11がナノファイバに加えて他の成分を含んでいる場合には、ナノファイバ層11に占めるナノファイバの含有量は、好ましくは40質量%以上95質量%以下、より好ましくは70質量%以上90質量%以下である。
ナノファイバ層11における他の成分の含有量は、好ましくは5質量%以上60質量%以下、より好ましくは10質量%以上30質量%以下である。
また、ナノファイバ層11のシミや皺の隠蔽性を向上させる観点から、内方領域Mの凹部18における厚みD5(図5参照)が、好ましくは5.1μm以上、より好ましくは10μm以上、好ましくは500μm以下、より好ましくは400μm以下であり、また、好ましくは5.1μm以上500μm以下、より好ましくは10μm以上400μm以下である。内方領域Mの凹部18における厚みD5が凹部18毎に異なる場合、内方領域Mの凹部18における厚みD5の最小値が上記の範囲内であることが好ましい。
また、ナノファイバシートを肌に容易に貼付する観点から、ナノファイバシートは、対象物の表面に貼付け可能な粘着層13を備えることが好ましい。粘着層13は、ナノファイバ層11を肌等の対象物に取り付けるために用いられる。粘着層13は、基材層12とナノファイバ層11との間、即ちナノファイバ層11の第2面S2側に配されていてもよく、又はナノファイバ層11の基材層12とは反対側の面、即ちナノファイバ層11の第1面S1側に配されていてもよい。
粘着層13の粘着力を維持する観点から、図7に示すように、粘着層13はナノファイバ層11の第2面S2側に配されていることが好ましい。図7に示すナノファイバシート10cは、粘着層13と基材層12との層間を剥離した後、該粘着層13を肌に貼付して使用される。
粘着層13がナノファイバ層11の第1面S1側に配されたナノファイバシートは、基材層12とナノファイバ層11との層間を剥離した後、あるいは剥離する前に、粘着層13を肌に貼付して使用される。
ナノファイバシートが上述した粘着層を備える場合、ナノファイバ層11の粘着層側の面と対象物の表面とが対向するように、該粘着層を該表面に付着させる。即ち、ナノファイバシートが粘着層を備える場合、ナノファイバ層11は、粘着層13を介して対象物の表面に貼付される。
液状物は、20℃において液状の物質のことを意味する。液状物としては、例えば水、水溶液及び水分散液等の液体、増粘剤で増粘されたジェル状物、20℃で液体又は固体の油、該油を10質量%以上含有する油剤、及び、該油とノニオン性界面活性剤等の界面活性剤とを含む乳化物(O/Wエマルジョン、W/Oエマルジョン)などが挙げられる。
前記方法(1)において、液状物を適用して湿潤させた対象物の表面に、ナノファイバ層11を接触させると、ナノファイバ層11の毛管力によって、対象物の表面の液状物をナノファイバ層11に移行させることができる。
以下では、ノズル20を移動させながら繊維Fを堆積させて、ナノファイバシートを製造する方法の詳細を、その好ましい実施形態に基づいて説明する。
また、ノズル20を移動させながらナノファイバの堆積体を形成すると、ノズル20の移動軌道に沿ってナノファイバが堆積するため、該ナノファイバの堆積体の平面視形状は、ノズル20の移動軌跡に沿った形状となる。これにより、所望の平面視形状のナノファイバ層11を容易に形成することができる。
捕集部40を移動させる移動機構としては、例えば捕集部40のナノファイバが堆積される面とは反対側の面を保持するステージと、該ステージを平面方向に移動させる複数のモーターを備えたものや、後述する電界紡糸装置100Aが備える捕集部移動機構80等が挙げられる。
上述した計算J1及び計算J2は、ナノファイバの堆積部どうしの重なりの程度に基づき、第1の移動軌道r1と第2の移動軌道r2との離間距離を計算する〔図11(b)参照〕。
幅方向Yにおける重複領域の厚みD10〔図11(b)参照〕は、内方領域Mの最低厚みD5に対して好ましくは100%以上、より好ましくは125%以上であり、また好ましくは250%以下、より好ましくは200%以下であり、また好ましくは100%以上250%以下であり、より好ましくは125%以上200%以下である。幅方向Yにおける重複領域Eの厚みD10は、該重複領域Eにおける最低厚みである。
幅方向Yにおける重複領域の幅W10〔図11(b)参照〕は、好ましくは1mm以上、より好ましくは4mm以上であり、また好ましくは80mm以下、より好ましくは60mm以下であり、また好ましくは1mm以上80mm以下であり、より好ましくは4mm以上60mm以下である。
先に決定された移動軌道に囲まれた領域を決定する。先に決定された移動軌道を決定軌道hともいい、該決定軌道hに囲まれた領域を決定軌道内領域Hともいう。計算J3では、決定軌道内領域H内にナノファイバ層11の平面視形状の略相似形となる周回状の移動軌道(以下、相似軌道kともいう)を想定し得るか否かを判断する。相似軌道kは、決定軌道内領域Hを形成する決定軌道hに対応するものであるため、相似軌道kを形成する軌道線が決定軌道内領域H内に納まる場合は、当該相似軌道kを想定し得ると判断する。即ち、決定軌道hと相似軌道kとの相互に対応し合う部分が隣り合うように、相似軌道kが配されるか否かを判断する。
工程(1)P1では、下記の条件(1)を満たすか否かを判定する。条件(1)を満たす場合、次の処理として工程(2)P2が行われる。条件(1)を満たさない場合、決定軌道hの一部h1,h2どうしが対向する部分H1に相似軌道を想定できないと判断する〔図13(a)参照〕。また、条件(1)を満たさない場合、後述する、周回状とならない軌道も想定できないと判断する。
条件(1):相似軌道kの一部k1が決定軌道の一部h2よりも内方側に配置され、且つ相似軌道の他の一部k2が決定軌道の他の一部h1よりも内方側に配置される。
条件(2):相似軌道の一部k1と、決定軌道の一部h1とが隣り合って配置され、且つ相似軌道の他の一部k2と、決定軌道の他の一部h2とが隣り合って配置される。
前記条件(2)を満たさない場合、工程(3)P3では、幅方向Yにおいて相似軌道の一部k1と他の一部k2との離間距離を2等分する中央線CL1を移動軌道として決定する。中央線CL1は、相似軌道と異なり、周回状とならない軌道である。
以下、移動軌道Obを構成する第1の移動軌道を単にr1、該第1の移動軌道の内方に位置する第1~第3内方側軌道それぞれを単にs1~s3ともいう。
上記と同様の観点から、軌道計算工程は、ナノファイバ層の厚みが所定の設定値となるように、例えば設計上の内方領域Mの最低厚みD5以上となるように、ノズル及び捕集部の少なくとも一方が同一の軌道に沿った移動を繰り返す、繰り返し回数を計算することが好ましい。斯かる計算を、以下計算J4ともいう。計算J4は、ナノファイバ層11における所定の位置における厚みが、設定された厚みとなるように、例えば設計上の内方領域Mの最低厚みD5以上となるように、各移動軌道に対し、軌道に沿った移動の繰り返し回数を算出する。計算J4は、前述した計算J2において計算される、重複領域Eの厚みの上限が、設計上の所定の厚み以上とならない場合に有効である。
原料液供給路の供給端は、ノズル20の近傍に配置されていることが好ましく、例えばノズル20から10mm以内の範囲に供給端を配置することが好ましい。
原料液としては、繊維形成可能な高分子化合物が溶媒に溶解又は分散した溶液を用いることができる。繊維形成可能な高分子化合物としては、上述したナノファイバの高分子化合物が用いられる。
原料液の溶媒としては、水、メタノール、エタノール、1-プロパノール、2-プロパノール、ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール、1-ブタノール、イソブチルアルコール、2-ブタノール、2-メチル-2-プロパノール、テトラエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、ジベンジルアルコール、1,3-ジオキソラン、1,4-ジオキサン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、メチル-n-ヘキシルケトン、メチル-n-プロピルケトン、ジイソプロピルケトン、ジイソブチルケトン、アセトン、ヘキサフルオロアセトン、フェノール、ギ酸、ギ酸メチル、ギ酸エチル、ギ酸プロピル、安息香酸メチル、安息香酸エチル、安息香酸プロピル、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸プロピル、フタル酸ジメチル、フタル酸ジエチル、フタル酸ジプロピル、塩化メチル、塩化エチル、塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、o-クロロトルエン、p-クロロトルエン、四塩化炭素、1,1-ジクロロエタン、1,2-ジクロロエタン、トリクロロエタン、ジクロロプロパン、ジブロモエタン、ジブロモプロパン、臭化メチル、臭化エチル、臭化プロピル、酢酸、ベンゼン、トルエン、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、シクロヘキサノン、シクロペンタン、o-キシレン、p-キシレン、m-キシレン、アセトニトリル、テトラヒドロフラン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、ピリジン等が挙げられる。これらの溶媒は単独で又は複数混合して用いることができる。
原料液から生じた繊維の太さは例えば10nm以上とすることが好ましく、0.1μm以上とすることが更に好ましく、0.3μm以上とすることが一層好ましい。また原料液から生じた繊維の太さは、30μm以下とすることが好ましく、3μm以下とすることが更に好ましく、1μm以下とすることが一層好ましい。原料液から生じた繊維の太さは、特に、10nm以上30μm以下とすることが好ましく、0.1μm以上3μm以下とすることが更に好ましく、0.3μm以上1μm以下とすることが一層好ましい。
原料液に含まれる繊維の原料は、上述したナノファイバ層11を構成する原料と同様とすることができる。
原料液に含まれる粒子の原料は、ナノファイバを構成する原料と同様とすることができる。
また本発明を、ノズルから原料液を吐出させ、該原料液から生じた粒子を捕集部上の基材に堆積させて、厚さ5.1μm以上500μm以下の極薄シートを製造する、極薄シートの製造方法にも適用することができる。
これら極薄シートの製造方法は、原料液から生じた繊維又は粒子に関し上述した説明を適用することができる。また、これら製造方法により得られる極薄シートは、上述した極薄シートの説明が適宜適用される。
例えば、上述した実施形態の電界紡糸装置100では、捕集部40が対向電極30であったが、捕集部40と対向電極30はそれぞれ別体の部材であってもよい。この場合、捕集部40と対向電極30とは隣接して配されている。
また、上述した実施形態のナノファイバシート10は、基材層12を備えていたが、該基材層12を備えていないものであってもよい。
また、上述した実施形態においては、軌道計算工程において、ナノファイバの堆積分布に関する要因として、ノズル20の移動速度と、原料液の吐出速度と、ノズル20と捕集部40との間の距離とを採用していたが、これら以外の要因を採用してもよく、あるいはこれらと他の要因とを組み合わせて採用してもよい。
基材層と、該基材層の一方の面側に配された高分子化合物のナノファイバを含むナノファイバ層とを備えるナノファイバシートであって、
前記ナノファイバ層は、その周縁端の厚みが0.1μm以上10μm以下であり、且つ該周縁端から内方に向かって漸次厚みが増加するグラデーション領域を3mm以上有している、ナノファイバシート。
基材層と、該基材層の一方の面に配置された厚み5.1μm以上500μm以下の極薄シートとを備える積層シートであって、
前記極薄シートは、該極薄シートが適用される被適用部位に応じた輪郭形状を有しており、
前記極薄シートは、その周縁端から内方に向かって厚みが漸次増加するテーパー状の周縁領域を有しており、
前記基材層は、前記極薄シートの前記周縁端から外方に向かって延出する領域を有している、積層シート。
<3>
前記周縁端の厚みは、0.3μm以上、好ましくは0.5μm以上であり、また9μm以下、好ましくは8μm以下であり、また0.3μm以上9μm以下、好ましくは0.5μm以上8μm以下である、前記<1>に記載のナノファイバシート又は前記<2>に記載の積層シート。
<4>
前記グラデーション領域又は前記テーパー状の周縁領域における内方端である最大厚み部の厚みD3は、5.1μm以上、好ましくは10μm以上であり、また500μm以下、好ましくは400μm以下であり、また5.1μm以上500μm以下、好ましくは10μm以上400μm以下である、前記<1>~<3>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<5>
前記グラデーション領域又は前記テーパー状の周縁領域の傾斜角度は、0.001°以上、好ましくは0.002°以上であり、また10°以下、好ましくは8°以下であり、また0.001°以上10°以下、好ましくは0.002°以上8°以下である、前記<1>~<4>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<6>
前記グラデーション領域又は前記テーパー状の周縁領域における内方端と前記周縁端との厚みの差が5μm以上である、前記<1>~<5>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<7>
前記グラデーション領域又は前記テーパー状の周縁領域における内方端である最大厚み部と前記周縁端との厚みの差は、5μm以上、好ましくは10μm以上であり、また500μm以下、好ましくは400μm以下であり、また5μm以上500μm以下、好ましくは10μm以上400μm以下である、前記<1>~<6>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<8>
前記グラデーション領域又は前記テーパー状の周縁領域内方端である前記最大厚み部の厚みD3の前記周縁端の厚みD1に対する比率(D3/D1)は、50以上、好ましくは100以上であり、また5000以下、好ましくは4000以下であり、また50以上5000以下、好ましくは100以上4000以下である、前記<1>~<7>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<9>
前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートの平面視形状が、曲率が異なる複数の曲線部分を輪郭に含む形状、複数の直線部分を輪郭に含む形状、又は該曲線部分と該直線部分とを輪郭に含む形状である、前記<1>~<8>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<10>
前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートが前記基材層に隣接して配置されており、前記基材層は通気性を有している、前記<1>~<9>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
前記基材層が不織布である、前記<1>~<10>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<12>
前記基材層がスポンジである、前記<1>~<11>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<13>
前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートが前記基材層に隣接して配置されており、前記基材層は、ナノファイバの繊維径よりも大きな幅の複数の凹部又は凸部を該ナノファイバ層又は該極薄シートと対向する面に有している、前記<1>~<12>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<14>
前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートは水不溶性である前記<1>~<13>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<15>
前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートに含まれる水不溶性高分子化合物は50質量%超、好ましくは80質量%以上であり、該ナノファイバ層に含まれる水溶性高分子化合物は好ましくは50質量%未満、より好ましくは20質量%以下である、前記<14>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<16>
前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートがナノファイバに加えて他の成分を含み、該ナノファイバ層に占めるナノファイバの含有量が、40質量%以上95質量%以下、好ましくは70質量%以上90質量%以下であり、
前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートにおける他の成分の含有量が、5質量%以上60質量%以下、好ましくは10質量%以上30質量%以下である、前記<1>~<15>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<17>
前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートは、前記グラデーション領域又は前記テーパー状の周縁領域に囲まれた内方領域とを有し、該内方領域は凹部を有しており、
前記内方領域の前記凹部における厚みは、前記最大厚み部の厚みに対して、50%以上、好ましくは60%以上であり、また100%以下、好ましくは90%以下であり、また50%以上100%以下、好ましくは60%以上90%以下である、前記<1>~<16>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<18>
前記内方領域の前記凹部における厚みが、5.1μm以上、好ましくは10μm以上であり、また500μm以下、好ましくは400μm以下であり、また5.1μm以上500μm以下、好ましくは10μm以上400μm以下である、前記<17>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<19>
前記内方領域は、前記凹部として、前記グラデーション領域又は前記極薄シートの内方端である最大厚み部よりも厚みが大きい部分を形成する浅凹部と、該最大厚み部よりも厚みが小さい部分を形成する深凹部とを有しており、
前記内方領域の前記浅凹部における厚みは、5.1μm以上、好ましくは10μm以上であり、また500μm以下、好ましくは400μm以下であり、また5.1μm以上500μm以下、好ましくは10μm以上400μm以下である、前記<17>又は<18>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<20>
前記深凹部における厚みが、5.1μm以上、好ましくは10μm以上であり、また500μm以下、より好ましくは400μm以下であり、また、5.1μm以上500μm以下、より好ましくは10μm以上400μm以下である、前記<19>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
対象物の表面に貼付け可能な粘着層を備えており、
該粘着層が、前記基材層と前記ナノファイバ層との間、又は前記ナノファイバ層の前記基材層とは反対側の面に配されている、前記<1>~<20>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シート。
<22>
前記極薄シートは、高分子化合物のナノファイバを含むナノファイバ層により形成されている前記<2>~<21>の何れか1に記載の積層シート。
<23>
前記極薄シートの周縁端の厚みは、0.1μm以上10μm以下である、前記<2>~<22>の何れか1に記載の積層シート。
<24>
前記テーパー状の周縁領域は、前記極薄シートの前記周縁端から内方に向かって幅5mm以内の領域に形成されている、前記<2>~<23>の何れか1に記載の積層シート。
<25>
前記極薄シートの輪郭線は、該輪郭線の全長のうちの半分超の長さの部分が曲線によって構成されている、前記<2>~<24>の何れか1に記載の積層シート。
<26>
前記<1>~<25>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの使用方法であって、
対象物の表面に前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートを当接させ、且つ該ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートを湿潤させた状態で使用する、ナノファイバシート又は積層シートの使用方法。
<27>
対象物の表面を湿潤させた状態で、該表面に前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートを付着させる、前記<26>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの使用方法。
<28>
対象物の表面に前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートを付着させた状態で、該ナノファイバ層又は該極薄シートを湿潤させる、前記<26>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの使用方法。
<29>
前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートを湿潤させた状態で、対象物の表面に前記ナノファイバ層又は前記極薄シートを付着させる、前記<26>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの使用方法。
<30>
対向電極との間に高電圧を印加したノズルから原料液を吐出させ、電界紡糸法により該原料液から生じたナノファイバを捕集部上に堆積させる、ナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法であって、
前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、前記ナノファイバを前記捕集部上に堆積させることにより、周縁端から内方に向かって漸次厚みが増加するグラデーション領域又はテーパー状の周縁領域を有する所定のナノファイバシート又は積層シートを製造する、ナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
前記ナノファイバの堆積分布に関する要因と、堆積する該ナノファイバの厚みとの相関関係に基づいて、前記所定のナノファイバシート又は積層シートを形成し得る、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方の移動軌道を決定する軌道計算工程と、
前記軌道計算工程で決定された前記移動軌道に基づき、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、前記ナノファイバを堆積させる堆積工程とを備える、前記<30>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<32>
前記ナノファイバの堆積分布に関する要因が、前記ノズル若しくは前記捕集部の移動速度、前記原料液の吐出速度、前記ノズルと前記対向電極との間の電位差、前記ノズルと前記捕集部との間の距離、ノズルの内径、及びノズルの材質から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の組み合わせである、前記<31>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<33>
前記所定のナノファイバシート又は積層シートは、その平面視において、前記グラデーション領域に囲まれた内方領域を有しており、
前記軌道計算工程においては、前記内方領域の最低厚みが、所定の設定値以上となるように前記移動軌道を計算する、前記<31>又は<32>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<34>
前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら前記ナノファイバを前記捕集部上に堆積させる工程が、
前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の何れか一方を、前記ナノファイバの堆積部が帯状の第1堆積領域を形成するように第1の移動軌道に沿って移動させる第1工程と、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の何れか一方を、前記ナノファイバの堆積部が、第1又は先に形成された帯状堆積領域と幅方向の一部どうしが連続的に重複する第2帯状堆積領域を形成するように第2の移動軌道に沿って移動させる単一又は複数の第2工程とを具備する、前記<31>~<33>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<35>
前記帯状堆積領域の幅方向の長さを二等分する位置を帯状領域の中点とし、前記帯状堆積領域と他の帯状堆積領域とが重複する領域を重複領域としたとき、
前記重複領域は、幅方向における、前記帯状堆積領域の中点と、該帯状堆積領域における前記他の帯状堆積領域が配される側の外縁との間に位置している、前記<34>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<36>
幅方向において、前記重複領域の範囲内に、前記帯状堆積領域の中点と、前記他の帯状堆積領域の中点とが位置している、前記<35>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<37>
先に決定された前記移動軌道を決定軌道とし、前記第1の移動軌道に囲まれた領域内、又は前記決定軌道に囲まれた領域内を決定軌道内領域としたとき、
前記軌道計算工程において、前記決定軌道内領域内に、前記ナノファイバの堆積体の平面視形状の略相似形となる周回状の相似軌道、又は周回状とならない軌道を計算する、前記<34>~<36>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<38>
前記軌道計算工程において、前記移動軌道を設定する範囲の面積や形状に応じて、前記相似軌道、又は前記周回状とならない軌道を計算する、前記<37>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<39>
前記軌道計算工程において、前記決定軌道と前記相似軌道との相互に対応し合う部分が隣り合うように、該相似軌道が配されるか否かを判断する、前記<37>又は<38>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の何れか一方又は双方を一定速度で移動させる、前記<30>~<39>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<41>
前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の何れか一方が移動する移動軌道は、互いに略相似形となる複数の軌道を入れ子状に内包する軌道群と、前記複数の軌道どうしを連結する渡り線との組み合わせ、又は一筆書き可能な線状である、前記<30>~<40>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<42>
前記ナノファイバシート又は前記積層シートの平面視形状が、曲率が異なる複数の曲線部分を輪郭に含む形状、複数の直線部分を輪郭に含む形状、又は該曲線部分と該直線部分とを輪郭に含む形状である、前記<30>~<41>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<43>
前記捕集部上に基材層を配し、該基材層上に前記ナノファイバを堆積させる、前記<30>~<42>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<44>
前記ナノファイバシート、前記基材層又はこれらの両者、あるいは前記積層シート、前記基材層又はこれらの両者を切断する切断工程を具備する、前記<43>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<45>
前記所定のナノファイバシート又は積層シートは、その平面視において、前記グラデーション領域に囲まれた内方領域を有しており、
前記帯状堆積領域と他の帯状堆積領域とが重複する領域を重複領域としたとき、
幅方向における前記重複領域の最低厚みは、前記内方領域の最低厚みに対して100%以上、好ましくは125%以上であり、また250%以下、好ましくは200%以下であり、また100%以上250%以下であり、好ましくは125%以上200%以下である、前記<34>~<39>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<46>
前記重複領域の最低厚みは、0.2μm以上、好ましくは1μm以上であり、また100μm以下、好ましくは10μm以下であり、また0.2μm以上100μm以下であり、好ましくは1μm以上10μm以下である、前記<45>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<47>
前記重複領域の幅は、幅方向における堆積領域の中点と他の堆積領域の中点との離間距離に対して1%以上、好ましくは5%以上であり、また90%以下、好ましくは80%以下であり、また1%以上90%以下であり、好ましくは5%以上80%以下である、前記<45>又は<46>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<48>
幅方向における前記重複領域の幅は、1mm以上、好ましくは4mm以上であり、また80mm以下、好ましくは60mm以下であり、また1mm以上80mm以下であり、好ましくは4mm以上60mm以下である、前記<45>~<47>の何れか1に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法。
<49>
原料液を吐出するノズルと、該ノズルと対向するように配され、該ノズルとの間に電界を生じさせる対向電極と、前記原料液を電気的に延伸して生成したナノファイバを集積する捕集部と、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させる機構とを具備するナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造装置であって、
制御部内に入力された移動軌道のデータに基づき、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、前記ナノファイバを前記捕集部上に堆積させることが可能になされており、
前記制御部に、前記<31>に記載のナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造方法の前記軌道計算工程で決定された移動軌道のデータが、入力されているか又は入力可能になされている、ナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造装置。
<50>
原料液を吐出するノズルと、
前記ノズルに電圧を印加する電源、又は前記ノズルと対向するように配され且つ該ノズルとの間に電界を生じさせる対向電極及び該ノズルと該対向電極間に電圧を印加する電源と、
前記原料液から生成したナノファイバを堆積させる捕集部と、
前記ノズルを前記捕集部に対して移動させるノズル移動機構と、
前記捕集部に堆積した前記ナノファイバの層を含むナノファイバシート又は積層シートを所定の形状に切断する切断部とを具備するナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造装置であって、
前記ノズル移動機構と前記切断部とが、共通の支持部によって支持されている、ナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造装置。
前記切断部が前記ノズル移動機構に取り付けられており、それによって該ノズル移動機構と該切断部とが、共通の前記支持部によって支持されている、前記<50>に記載の製造装置。
<52>
前記切断部を前記捕集部に対して移動させる切断部移動機構を更に具備し、該切断部移動機構が前記支持部によって支持されており、それによって該切断部と前記ノズル移動機構とが、共通の前記支持部によって支持されている、前記<50>に記載の製造装置。
<53>
前記捕集部を、その捕集面内に沿って移動させる捕集部移動機構を更に具備し、該捕集部移動機構が前記支持部によって支持されている、前記<50>~<52>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
<54>
原料液を吐出するノズルと、
前記ノズルに電圧を印加する電源、又は前記ノズルと対向するように配され且つ該ノズルとの間に電界を生じさせる対向電極及び該ノズルと該対向電極間に電圧を印加する電源と、
前記原料液から生成したナノファイバを堆積させる捕集部と、
前記捕集部を前記ノズルに対して移動させる捕集部移動機構と、
前記捕集部に堆積した前記ナノファイバの層を含むナノファイバシート又は積層シートを所定の形状に切断する切断部とを具備するナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造装置であって、
前記捕集部移動機構と前記切断部とが、共通の支持部によって支持されている、ナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造装置。
<55>
前記切断部を前記捕集部に対して移動させる切断部移動機構を更に具備し、該切断部移動機構が前記支持部によって支持されており、それによって該切断部と前記捕集部移動機構とが、共通の前記支持部によって支持されている、前記<54>に記載の製造装置。
<56>
前記切断部がレーザー加工機である前記<50>~<55>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
<57>
前記捕集部が通気性を有している前記<50>~<56>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
<58>
前記製造装置はその全体が、少なくとも一部に透明部を有するカバーで覆われており、該透明部がアクリル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂又はガラスから構成されている前記<50>~<57>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
<59>
更に集塵脱臭機構を具備する前記<50>~<58>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
<60>
前記ナノファイバシート又は積層シートが、前記ナノファイバの層と該層を支持する基材層とを有し、
前記切断部が、前記ナノファイバの層のみを切断するか、前記基材層のみを切断するか、又は前記ナノファイバシート又は積層シートの全体を切断するように構成されている前記<50>~<59>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
原料液を収容可能な収容部、該原料液を吐出するノズル、及び該収容部から該ノズルへ該原料液を供給する供給部を有するカートリッジ部と、
前記ノズルに電圧を印加する電源、又は前記ノズルと対向するように配され且つ該ノズルとの間に電界を生じさせる対向電極及び該ノズルと該対向電極間に電圧を印加する電源と、
前記カートリッジ部の取付部と、
前記原料液を電気的に延伸させて生成したナノファイバを集積する捕集部と、を備えたナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造装置であって、
前記カートリッジ部が前記取付部に着脱可能に取り付けられており、
前記カートリッジ部が前記取付部に取り付けられた状態において、該カートリッジ部における前記供給部を駆動させるための駆動源が、該取付部に備えられている、ナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造装置。
<62>
原料液を収容可能な収容部、該原料液を吐出するノズル、及び該収容部から該ノズルへ該原料液を供給する供給部を有するカートリッジ部と、
前記ノズルに電圧を印加する電源、又は前記ノズルと対向するように配され且つ該ノズルとの間に電界を生じさせる対向電極及び該ノズルと該対向電極間に電圧を印加する電源と、
前記カートリッジ部の取付部と、
前記原料液を電気的に延伸させて生成したナノファイバを集積する捕集部と、を備え、
前記カートリッジ部が前記取付部に取り付けられた状態において、該カートリッジ部における前記供給部を駆動させるための駆動源が、該取付部に備えられており、
前記カートリッジ部において、前記収容部が前記供給部に着脱可能に取り付けられている、ナノファイバシート又は積層シートの製造装置。
<63>
前記カートリッジ部において、前記収容部が前記供給部に着脱可能に取り付けられている前記<61>又は<62>に記載の製造装置。
<64>
前記取付部が、少なくとも一軸の移動機構からなる前記<61>~<63>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
<65>
前記捕集部が少なくとも一軸の移動機構を備える前記<61>~<64>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
<66>
前記カートリッジ部は前記取付部に電気的に絶縁した状態で取り付けられている前記<61>~<65>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
<67>
前記取付部と、前記捕集部と、前記電源とが、共通の支持部によって支持されている、前記<61>~<66>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
<68>
前記カートリッジ部において、前記収容部と、前記供給部と、前記ノズルとが直接に連結している前記<61>~<67>の何れか1に記載の製造装置。
<69>
ノズルから原料液を吐出させ、該原料液から生じた繊維又は粒子を捕集部上に堆積させて、厚さ5.1μm以上500μm以下の極薄シートを製造する、極薄シートの製造方法であって、
目的とする前記極薄シートの輪郭形状に関する情報に基づいて、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、該極薄シートの輪郭形状の範囲内に前記原料液を吐出する目的形状形成工程を備え、
前記目的形状形成工程においては、前記輪郭形状の周縁端から内方に向かって漸次厚みが増加する、幅5mm以内のテーパー状の周縁領域が形成されるように、前記原料液を吐出する、極薄シートの製造方法。
図1に示すように、曲率の異なる複数の曲線部分が凹凸を形成する平面視形状のナノファイバ層をグラデーション領域の幅が3mm以上、または4mm以上になるように製造した。このナノファイバ層は、その平面視形状における最大長さが30mmであった。具体的には、上述した製造方法によりポリビニルブチラール(PVB;積水化学工業株式会社製、S-LEC B BM-1)のナノファイバからなるナノファイバ層を形成した。ナノファイバの太さは100nmであった。ナノファイバ層は、PVBを12%含み、エタノールを61.25%、1-ブタノールを26.25%、4級塩系界面活性剤(花王株式会社製、商品名「サニゾールC」)0.5%を含む原料液を用いて、エレクトロスピニング法によって形成した。エレクトロスピニング法の実施条件は、電圧30kV、ノズルの先端と対向電極との離間距離200mm、吐出量1ml/hとした。電界紡糸による繊維の堆積は、ノズルを平面方向に移動させながら行った。得られたナノファイバ層について、上述した測定方法により、ナノファイバ層の周縁端の厚みD1、グラデーション領域の幅W1、最大厚み部15の厚みD3を測定した。また、傾斜角度θはグラデーション領域Gにおける周縁端17と最大厚み部15との厚みの差D2と、グラデーション領域Gの幅W1とから算出した。測定結果及び計算結果を下記表1に示す。実施例1~5における個々のナノファイバ層は、該ナノファイバ層の全域においてグラデーション領域の幅W1が目視で等しいものであった。また実施例6~9における個々のナノファイバ層は、該ナノファイバ層の全域においてグラデーション領域の幅W1が目視で等しいものであった。また、何れの実施例においても、ナノファイバ層は、平面視における輪郭線の全長のうち曲線によって構成された部分が占める割合(%)が100%であった。即ち、ナノファイバ層は、平面視における輪郭線の全長が曲線によって構成されているものであった。
ナノファイバ層は、PVBを12%、エタノールを88.0%含む原料液を用いた点、及びナノファイバ層の周縁端の厚みを12μm又は15μmとした点、グラデーション領域Gの最大厚み部の厚みD3を15μm又は20μmとした点以外は実施例1と同様の条件でエレクトロスピニング法によって形成した。ナノファイバの太さは500nmであった。測定結果を下記表1に示す。
実施例及び比較例で得られたナノファイバ層について、肌に貼り付けた状態における、ナノファイバ層の視認性及びファンデーションを塗布したナノファイバ層の外観を以下の方法で評価した。それらの評価結果を下記表1に示す。
被験者の上腕内側部に、5mL/cm2の美容液(商品名:ライズ ローション II(さっぱり)、花王株式会社製)を付与して湿潤状態にし、その部位に、ナノファイバ層の第1面、即ち隆起した面を付着させた。次いで、貼付したナノファイバ層を目視し、その視認性の評価を以下の基準で行った。評価結果を表1に示す。
A:ナノファイバ層全体の透明度が高く、ナノファイバ層を視認し難くする点で非常に優れている。
B:ナノファイバ層の周縁端に透明度があり、ナノファイバ層を視認し難くする点で優れている。
C:ナノファイバ層の透明度が低く、容易に視認可能であり、ナノファイバ層を視認し難くする点で優れていない。
上記〔ナノファイバ層の視認性〕にて、肌に貼り付けたナノファイバ層の上から、0.71mg/cm2のパウダーファンデーション(商品名:ソフィーナ プリマヴィスタ パウダーファンデーション<モイストタッチ> ベージュオークル05、花王株式会社製)を塗布した。次いで、ナノファイバ層を目視し、その外観の評価を以下の基準で行った。評価結果を表1に示す。
A:ナノファイバ層が周囲の肌に馴染み、自然な仕上がりである。
B:ナノファイバ層の周縁が目立って周囲の肌に馴染まず、不自然な仕上がりである。
上記〔ファンデーションを塗布したナノファイバ層の外観〕と同様の方法により、肌のシミや皺のある部位に、ナノファイバ層を貼付し、その上からファンデーションを塗布した。次いで当該部位におけるシミや皺を目視し、その隠蔽性の評価を以下の基準で行った。
3:肌のシミや皺が見えなくなるほど隠蔽される。
2:肌のシミや皺がうっすらと見えるが、視認し難い。
1:肌のシミや皺が容易に視認可能である。
実施例1と同様の手順にて、頂点位置における厚みが41μmであるナノファイバ層を製造した。斯かるナノファイバ層は、平面視における輪郭が図1に示すものと同様のものであった。製造したナノファイバ層について、前述した方法で三次元形状データを取得し、これに基づいて断面輪郭曲線を示すグラフを求めた。得られたグラフのうち、図1のII-II線の位置に対応する断面の断面輪郭曲線を図22に示す。図22に、断面輪郭曲線とともに、ナノファイバ層の周縁端CP、グラデーション領域G、及び頂点位置CTを示す。図22に示す断面輪郭曲線において、周縁端の厚みD1は4.5μmであり、グラデーション領域は該周縁端CPから頂点位置までシグモイド曲線状に厚みが増加するものであった。
Claims (28)
- 基材層と、該基材層の一方の面側に配された高分子化合物のナノファイバを含むナノファイバ層とを備えるナノファイバシートであって、
前記ナノファイバ層は、その周縁端の厚みが0.1μm以上10μm以下であり、且つ該周縁端から内方に向かって漸次厚みが増加するグラデーション領域を3mm以上有しているナノファイバシート。 - 前記グラデーション領域における内方端と前記周縁端との厚みの差が5μm以上である、請求項1に記載のナノファイバシート。
- 前記ナノファイバ層の平面視形状が、曲率が異なる複数の曲線部分を輪郭に含む形状、複数の直線部分を輪郭に含む形状、又は該曲線部分と該直線部分とを輪郭に含む形状である、請求項1又は2に記載のナノファイバシート。
- 前記ナノファイバ層が前記基材層に隣接して配置されており、前記基材層は通気性を有している、請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載のナノファイバシート。
- 前記ナノファイバ層が前記基材層に隣接して配置されており、前記基材層は、ナノファイバの繊維径よりも大きな幅の複数の凹部又は凸部を該ナノファイバ層と対向する面に有している、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載のナノファイバシート。
- 前記ナノファイバ層は水不溶性である、請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載のナノファイバシート。
- 対象物の表面に貼付け可能な粘着層を備えており、
該粘着層が、前記基材層と前記ナノファイバ層との間、又は前記ナノファイバ層の前記基材層とは反対側の面に配されている、請求項1~6の何れか1項に記載のナノファイバシート。 - 請求項1~7の何れか1項に記載のナノファイバシートの使用方法であって、
対象物の表面に前記ナノファイバ層を当接させ、且つ該ナノファイバ層を湿潤させた状態で使用する、ナノファイバシートの使用方法。 - 対象物の表面を液状物で湿潤させた状態で、該表面に前記ナノファイバ層を付着させる、請求項8に記載のナノファイバシートの使用方法。
- 対象物の表面に前記ナノファイバ層を付着させた状態で、該ナノファイバ層を液状物で湿潤させる、請求項8に記載のナノファイバシートの使用方法。
- 前記ナノファイバ層を液状物で湿潤させた状態で、対象物の表面に前記ナノファイバ層を付着させる、請求項8に記載のナノファイバシートの使用方法。
- 対向電極との間に高電圧を印加したノズルから原料液を吐出させ、電界紡糸法により該原料液から生じたナノファイバを捕集部上に堆積させる、ナノファイバシートの製造方法であって、
前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、前記ナノファイバを前記捕集部上に堆積させることにより、周縁端から内方に向かって漸次厚みが増加するグラデーション領域を有する所定のナノファイバシートを製造する、ナノファイバシートの製造方法。 - 前記ナノファイバの堆積分布に関する要因と、堆積する該ナノファイバの厚みとの相関関係に基づいて、前記所定のナノファイバシートを形成し得る、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方の移動軌道を決定する軌道計算工程と、
前記軌道計算工程で決定された前記移動軌道に基づき、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、前記ナノファイバを堆積させる堆積工程とを備える、請求項12に記載のナノファイバシートの製造方法。 - 前記ナノファイバの堆積分布に関する要因が、前記ノズル若しくは前記捕集部の移動速度、前記原料液の吐出速度、前記ノズルと前記対向電極との間の電位差、前記ノズルと前記捕集部との間の距離、ノズルの内径、及びノズルの材質から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の組み合わせである、請求項13に記載のナノファイバシートの製造方法。
- 前記所定のナノファイバシートは、その平面視において、前記グラデーション領域に囲まれた内方領域を有しており、
前記軌道計算工程においては、前記内方領域の最低厚みが、所定の設定値以上となるように前記移動軌道を計算する、請求項13又は14に記載のナノファイバシートの製造方法。 - 前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら前記ナノファイバを前記捕集部上に堆積させる工程が、
前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の何れか一方を、前記ナノファイバの堆積部が帯状の第1堆積領域を形成するように第1の移動軌道に沿って移動させる第1工程と、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の何れか一方を、前記ナノファイバの堆積部が、第1又は先に形成された帯状堆積領域と幅方向の一部どうしが連続的に重複する第2帯状堆積領域を形成するように第2の移動軌道に沿って移動させる単一又は複数の第2工程とを具備する、請求項13~15の何れか1項に記載のナノファイバシートの製造方法。 - 前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の何れか一方又は双方を一定速度で移動させる、請求項12~16の何れか1項に記載のナノファイバシートの製造方法。
- 前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の何れか一方が移動する移動軌道は、互いに略相似形となる複数の軌道を入れ子状に内包する軌道群と、前記複数の軌道どうしを連結する渡り線との組み合わせ、又は一筆書き可能な線状である、請求項12~17の何れか1項に記載のナノファイバシートの製造方法。
- 前記ナノファイバシートの平面視形状が、曲率が異なる複数の曲線部分を輪郭に含む形状、複数の直線部分を輪郭に含む形状、又は該曲線部分と該直線部分とを輪郭に含む形状である、請求項12~18の何れか1項に記載のナノファイバシートの製造方法。
- 前記捕集部上に基材層を配し、該基材層上に前記ナノファイバを堆積させる、請求項12~19の何れか1項に記載のナノファイバシートの製造方法。
- 前記ナノファイバシート、前記基材層、又はこれら両者を切断する切断工程を具備する、請求項20に記載のナノファイバシートの製造方法。
- 原料液を吐出するノズルと、該ノズルと対向するように配され、該ノズルとの間に電界を生じさせる対向電極と、前記原料液を電気的に延伸して生成したナノファイバを集積する捕集部と、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させる機構とを具備するナノファイバシートの製造装置であって、
制御部内に入力された移動軌道のデータに基づき、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、前記ナノファイバを前記捕集部上に堆積させることが可能になされており、
前記制御部に、請求項13に記載のナノファイバシートの製造方法の前記軌道計算工程で決定された移動軌道のデータが、入力されているか又は入力可能になされている、ナノファイバシートの製造装置。 - 基材層と、該基材層の一方の面に配置された厚み5.1μm以上500μm以下の極薄シートとを備える積層シートであって、
前記極薄シートは、該極薄シートが適用される被適用部位に応じた輪郭形状を有しており、
前記極薄シートは、その周縁端から内方に向かって厚みが漸次増加するテーパー状の周縁領域を有しており、
前記基材層は、前記極薄シートの前記周縁端から外方に向かって延出する領域を有している、積層シート。 - 前記極薄シートは、高分子化合物のナノファイバを含むナノファイバ層により形成されている、請求項23に記載の積層シート。
- 前記極薄シートの周縁端の厚みは、0.1μm以上10μm以下である、請求項23又は24に記載の積層シート。
- 前記テーパー状の周縁領域は、前記極薄シートの前記周縁端から内方に向かって幅5mm以内の領域に形成されている、請求項23~25の何れか1項に記載の積層シート。
- 前記極薄シートの輪郭線は、該輪郭線の全長のうちの半分超の長さの部分が曲線によって構成されている、請求項23~26の何れか1項に記載の積層シート。
- ノズルから原料液を吐出させ、該原料液から生じた繊維又は粒子を捕集部上に堆積させて、厚さ5.1μm以上500μm以下の極薄シートを製造する、極薄シートの製造方法であって、
目的とする前記極薄シートの輪郭形状に関する情報に基づいて、前記ノズル及び前記捕集部の少なくとも一方を移動させながら、該極薄シートの輪郭形状の範囲内に前記原料液を吐出する目的形状形成工程を備え、
前記目的形状形成工程においては、前記輪郭形状の周縁端から内方に向かって漸次厚みが増加する、幅5mm以内のテーパー状の周縁領域が形成されるように、前記原料液を吐出する、極薄シートの製造方法。
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| US17/296,881 US11679578B2 (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2019-11-25 | Nanofiber sheet, method for using same, and method for producing same |
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