WO2020071290A1 - 蓄電システム - Google Patents
蓄電システムInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020071290A1 WO2020071290A1 PCT/JP2019/038328 JP2019038328W WO2020071290A1 WO 2020071290 A1 WO2020071290 A1 WO 2020071290A1 JP 2019038328 W JP2019038328 W JP 2019038328W WO 2020071290 A1 WO2020071290 A1 WO 2020071290A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- power storage
- unit
- wiring
- module
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- H02J7/60—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
- H01M50/512—Connection only in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- H02J7/94—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
- H02J1/001—Hot plugging or unplugging of load or power modules to or from power distribution networks
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- H02J2105/30—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power storage system.
- Patent Literature 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-98708
- Patent Document 2 International Publication No. 2017/083349
- a load device that receives power from a power storage system often includes a capacitive load arranged in parallel with a resistive load. Therefore, when the power storage system and the load device are electrically connected in a state where the discharge of the capacitive load has progressed, an inrush current (sometimes referred to as a starting current) flows immediately after the load device is energized. , The load device or the power storage system may be damaged.
- a power storage system is provided.
- the above-described power storage system is disposed, for example, between a power storage unit of a power storage device configured to be connectable in parallel with another power supply device and a wiring that electrically connects the power storage device and another power supply device,
- a switching unit that switches an electrical connection relationship between the wiring and the power storage unit is provided.
- the power storage system is connected in parallel with the switching unit between the wiring and the power storage unit, has a greater resistance than the switching unit, allows current to flow from the power storage unit to the wiring, And a restricting unit that suppresses passage of current in the direction toward.
- the limiting unit may include a current amount limiting unit that limits the amount of current flowing through the limiting unit.
- the limiting unit is connected in series with the current amount limiting unit, and allows the current to flow in the direction from the power storage unit to the wiring, and the current direction limiting unit that does not allow the current to flow in the direction from the wiring to the power storage unit. May have.
- the current limiting unit may include at least one of a fixed resistor, a variable resistor, a constant current circuit, and a constant power circuit.
- the limiting unit is connected in series with the current amount limiting unit and the current direction limiting unit, and includes a current amount limiting unit, a current direction limiting unit and the power storage unit, and a connection unit that electrically connects the wiring. May have.
- the above power storage system may include a switching control unit that controls the switching unit.
- the above power storage system may include a restriction control unit that controls the restriction unit.
- the switching control unit includes: (i) when the voltage between terminals of the switching unit satisfies a predetermined condition, the switching unit electrically connects the wiring and the power storage unit; The switching unit may be controlled such that the switching unit electrically disconnects the wiring and the power storage unit when the voltage between the terminals of the unit does not satisfy the predetermined condition.
- the connection control unit connects the current amount limiting unit, the current direction limiting unit, the power storage unit, and the wiring.
- connection may be controlled so as to make an electrical connection.
- the connection control unit electrically connects the current amount limiting unit, the current direction limiting unit, the power storage unit, and the wiring.
- the connection may be controlled to disconnect.
- the above power storage system may include a restriction control unit that controls the restriction unit.
- the limit control unit is configured to control whether the power storage system is physically or electrically connected to a load device external to the power storage system, or the power storage system is electrically connected to a load device external to the power storage system.
- the connection unit Before the connection, the connection unit may be controlled such that the connection unit electrically connects the current limiting unit, the current direction limiting unit, and the power storage unit to the wiring.
- the above power storage system may include a switching control unit that controls the switching unit. In the above power storage system, the switching control unit controls the switching unit so that the switching unit electrically disconnects the wiring and the power storage unit before the power storage system is electrically connected to a load device external to the power storage system. May be controlled.
- the restriction unit may be configured to be detachable from one end and the other end of the switching unit.
- the power storage device may include a switching unit and a limiting unit.
- the power storage device may be configured to be detachable from the wiring.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of a power storage system 100.
- An example of a system configuration of a power storage module 110 is schematically illustrated.
- An example of a system configuration of the module control unit 240 is schematically shown.
- 1 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of a system control unit 140.
- An example of a circuit configuration of the power storage module 110 is schematically illustrated.
- An example of the system configuration of the switching unit 630 is schematically shown.
- An example of a system configuration of a power storage module 710 is schematically illustrated.
- An example of the system configuration of the switching unit 730 is schematically shown.
- An example of a system configuration of a power storage system 900 is schematically illustrated.
- An example of a system configuration of a power storage module 1010 is schematically illustrated.
- An example of the system configuration of the module control unit 1040 is schematically shown.
- An example of the circuit configuration of the module control unit 1040 is schematically shown.
- An example of the circuit configuration of the module control unit 1040 is schematically shown.
- An example of a system configuration of a power storage module 1410 is schematically illustrated.
- An example of a system configuration of a circuit configuration of the voltage adjusting unit 1430 is schematically illustrated.
- An example of the voltage adjusting unit 1430 is schematically illustrated.
- An example of a system configuration of a power storage module 1710 is schematically illustrated.
- An example of a system configuration of a power storage module 1810 is schematically illustrated.
- An example of the internal configuration of the pre-charge unit 1820 is schematically shown.
- An example of a circuit configuration of a precharge unit 1820 is schematically shown.
- An example of a circuit configuration of a precharge unit 1820 is schematically shown.
- An example of a circuit configuration of a precharge unit 1820 is schematically shown.
- An example of the internal configuration of the pre-charge unit 1820 is schematically shown.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the power storage system 100.
- the power storage system 100 is electrically connected to the load device 12 and supplies power to the load device 12 (sometimes referred to as discharging of the power storage system 100).
- the power storage system 100 is electrically connected to the charging device 14 and stores electrical energy (sometimes referred to as charging the power storage system).
- the power storage system 100 is used for, for example, a power storage device, an electric device, a transportation device, and the like.
- Examples of the transportation device include an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, an electric motorcycle, a railway vehicle, an airplane, an elevator, a crane, and the like.
- the power storage system 100 includes a connection terminal 102, a connection terminal 104, a wiring 106 for electrically connecting the connection terminal 102 and the connection terminal 104, and a power storage module 110 including a positive terminal 112 and a negative terminal 114.
- the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 may be an example of a power storage device configured to be connectable in parallel.
- the power storage module 110 may be an example of a power storage device, and the power storage module 120 may be an example of another power storage device.
- the power storage device may be an example of a power supply device.
- the system control unit 140 may be an example of a battery characteristic acquisition unit.
- the system control unit 140 may be an example of an output unit.
- the power storage system 100 is electrically connected to the load device 12 or the charging device 14 via the connection terminal 102 and the connection terminal 104.
- the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 are connected in parallel using the wiring 106.
- Each of the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 is detachably held in a housing of the power storage system 100. Thereby, each of power storage module 110 and power storage module 120 can be individually replaced.
- each of the power storage modules 110 and 120 can switch the connection relationship between the power storage unit of each power storage module and the wiring 106 based on a control signal from the system control unit 140 or a user operation.
- each of the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 electrically connects the power storage unit of each power storage module to the wiring 106 based on a control signal from the system control unit 140 or a user operation, or The power storage unit of the module can be electrically disconnected from the wiring 106.
- Each of the plurality of power storage modules included in power storage system 100 can be individually replaced. The reason is, for example, as follows.
- the impedance of lithium-ion batteries has been reduced to about 10 m ⁇ . Therefore, for example, even when the voltage difference between the two power storage modules is only 0.4 V, when the two power storage modules are connected in parallel, 40 A is applied from the higher voltage power storage module to the lower voltage power storage module. A large current flows. As a result, the power storage module is deteriorated or damaged.
- the voltage of the power storage module may be a voltage between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the power storage module (sometimes referred to as a voltage between terminals of the power storage module).
- each of the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 operates based on a control signal from the system control unit 140 or a user operation. And the wiring 106 can be switched. Then, for example, the power storage module 110 can be replaced by the following procedure.
- the user removes the old power storage module 110 from the power storage system 100.
- the user performs an operation for electrically disconnecting the power storage unit of the new power storage module 110 and the wiring 106.
- the user manually operates a switching element arranged between the positive terminal 112 of the power storage module 110 and the power storage unit to electrically disconnect the positive terminal 112 and the power storage unit.
- the user mounts power storage module 110 in power storage system 100 in a state where positive electrode terminal 112 and the power storage unit are electrically disconnected.
- the positive electrode terminal 112 and the power storage unit are electrically disconnected, even if the voltage difference between the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 is relatively large, the current between the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 is large. Does not flow.
- the system control unit 140 executes an operation for electrically connecting the power storage module 110 and the wiring 106. The details of the system control unit 140 will be described later.
- the power storage module when the power storage module is replaced or mounted, the voltage of the power storage module newly mounted on the power storage system 100 and the voltage of the power storage module already mounted on the power storage system 100 are provided. There is no need to strictly adjust the voltage of the power storage module. Therefore, the power storage module can be easily and quickly replaced or mounted.
- the system control unit 140 controls each unit of the power storage system 100. In one embodiment, the system control unit 140 determines the state of the power storage system 100. Examples of the state of the power storage system 100 include a charging state, a discharging state, a standby state, a stopped state, and the like.
- the system control unit 140 receives the information on the charge / discharge event, and determines the state of the power storage system 100 based on the information on the charge / discharge event.
- the information on the charging / discharging event includes (i) a charging request or a discharging request from an external device such as the load device 12 and the charging device 14, (ii) information indicating that the external device is connected, and (iii) information of the external device.
- Information indicating the type (iv) information indicating the operation of the external device, (v) information indicating the state of the external device, (vi) information indicating a user's instruction or operation on the external device, (vii) a user indicating the power storage system 100 And (viii) a combination thereof.
- the system control unit 140 determines that the power storage system 100 is in the discharging state.
- System control unit 140 may determine that power storage system 100 is in a discharged state when receiving a signal indicating that power is to be used from load device 12.
- the signal indicating that power is used includes a signal indicating that the power of the load device 12 is turned on, a signal indicating that the power of the load device 12 is turned on, and shifting the load device 12 to the operation mode. And a signal indicating that the load device 12 has shifted to the operation mode.
- System control unit 140 may determine that power storage system 100 is in a charged state when connection of charging device 14 is detected or when a signal indicating the type of charging device 14 is received. System control unit 140 may determine that power storage system 100 is in a charged state when receiving a signal indicating that charging is started from charging device 14. System control unit 140 determines that power storage system 100 is in a charged state when receiving a signal indicating that a regenerative current is generated or a possibility that a regenerative current is generated from load device 12. You may.
- the system control unit 140 monitors the state of each of the power storage modules 110 and 120.
- the system control unit 140 may collect information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit included in each of the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120.
- Information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit includes a voltage value of the power storage unit, a current value flowing through the power storage unit, a battery capacity of the power storage unit, a temperature of the power storage unit, a state of deterioration of the power storage unit, and an SOC (State Of Charge) of the power storage unit. At least one selected from
- the battery characteristics of the power storage unit (sometimes referred to as the battery characteristics of the power storage module.
- the battery characteristics of the power storage unit may be the battery characteristics of a single cell of the plurality of cells constituting the power storage module,
- the information on the battery characteristics of the combination of the plurality of single cells may be included.
- the information on the specification of the power storage unit and / or the information on the deterioration state of the power storage unit may be included.
- Information on the specifications of the power storage unit includes the type or model of the power storage unit, the connection state of the power storage unit, the type of charging method that can charge the power storage unit, the type of charging method that cannot charge the power storage unit, and the rated battery.
- Capacity (sometimes referred to as rated capacity), rated voltage, rated current, energy density, maximum charge / discharge current, charge characteristics, charge temperature characteristics, discharge characteristics, discharge temperature characteristics, self-discharge characteristics, charge / discharge cycle characteristics , The equivalent series resistance in the initial state, the battery capacity in the initial state, the SOC [%] in the initial state, the storage voltage [V], and the like.
- Examples of the charging method include a CCCV method, a CC method, a trickle charging method, and the like.
- connection state of the power storage unit examples include a type of a unit cell included in the power storage unit, the number of the unit cells, a connection format of the unit cell, and the like.
- connection format of the unit cells examples include the number of unit cells connected in series, the number of unit cells connected in parallel, and the like.
- the energy density may be a volume energy density [Wh / m 3 ] or a weight energy density [Wh / kg].
- the information on the deterioration state of the power storage unit is information on the power storage unit at an arbitrary point in time, including (i) a battery capacity in a fully charged state, (ii) an SOC under a predetermined temperature condition, and (iii) an SOH (State). Of Health), (iv) equivalent series resistance (DCR, sometimes referred to as internal resistance), (v) usage time, number of charges, charge amount, discharge from an initial state or a predetermined timing Information on the amount, the number of charge / discharge cycles, at least one of a temperature stress element, and an overcurrent stress element can be exemplified.
- DCR equivalent series resistance
- usage time number of charges, charge amount, discharge from an initial state or a predetermined timing Information on the amount, the number of charge / discharge cycles, at least one of a temperature stress element, and an overcurrent stress element can be exemplified.
- the information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit may store the information on the deterioration state of the power storage unit and the information on the time when the information was acquired in association with each other.
- the information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit may store information on the deterioration state of the power storage unit at a plurality of times.
- ⁇ SOH [%] is expressed as, for example, the full charge capacity at the time of deterioration (for example, the current full charge capacity) [Ah] ⁇ the initial full charge capacity [Ah] ⁇ 100.
- the method for calculating or estimating the SOH is not particularly limited.
- the SOH of the power storage unit is calculated or estimated based on at least one of the DC resistance value and the open-circuit voltage value of the power storage unit.
- the SOH may be a value converted into a value under a predetermined temperature condition using an arbitrary conversion formula or the like.
- the method of determining the deterioration state of the power storage unit is not particularly limited, and a currently known or future developed determination method can be used.
- the available battery capacity decreases and the equivalent series resistance increases. Therefore, for example, by comparing the current battery capacity, SOC, or equivalent series resistance with the battery capacity, SOC, or equivalent series resistance in the initial state, the deterioration state of the battery can be determined.
- the SOC is expressed as, for example, remaining capacity [Ah] ⁇ full charge capacity [Ah] ⁇ 100.
- the method for calculating or estimating the SOC is not particularly limited.
- the SOC includes (i) the measurement result of the voltage of the power storage unit, (ii) the IV characteristic data of the voltage of the power storage unit, and (iii) It is calculated or estimated based on at least one of the integrated values of the current values of the power storage unit.
- the SOC may be a value converted into a value under a predetermined temperature condition using an arbitrary conversion formula or the like.
- the information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit may be information on at least one of a charging time and a discharging time of the power storage unit.
- the charging time and the discharging time of the power storage unit may be the charging time and the discharging time of the power storage module including the power storage unit, respectively.
- the available battery capacity decreases, and at least one of the charging time and the discharging time decreases.
- the information regarding the charging time of the power storage unit may include information indicating a ratio of the charging time of the power storage unit to the charging time of the power storage system 100.
- the information on the charging time of the power storage unit may include information indicating the charging time of the power storage system 100 and information indicating the charging time of the power storage unit.
- the charging time may be (i) a time during which a current or a voltage is applied to the power storage system 100 or the power storage unit in one charging operation, and (ii) one or a plurality of times in a predetermined period. In the charging operation, the sum may be a total time during which a current or a voltage is applied to the power storage system 100 or the power storage unit.
- the information on the charging time of the power storage unit may include information indicating a ratio of the number of times of charging of the power storage unit in the predetermined period to the number of times of charging of the power storage system 100 in the predetermined period.
- the information on the charging time of the power storage unit may include information indicating the number of times of charging of the power storage system 100 in a predetermined period, and information indicating the number of times of charging of the power storage unit in the period.
- the information on the discharge time of the power storage unit may include information indicating a ratio of the discharge time of the power storage unit to the discharge time of the power storage system 100.
- the information on the discharge time of the power storage unit may include the discharge time of the power storage system 100 and the discharge time of the power storage unit.
- the discharge time may be (i) a time during which the power storage system 100 or the power storage unit supplies a current or a voltage in one discharge operation, and (ii) one or a plurality of discharges in a predetermined period. In the operation, the sum may be the total time during which the power storage system 100 or the power storage unit supplies the current or the voltage.
- the information on the discharge time of the power storage unit may include information indicating a ratio of the number of discharges of the power storage unit in the period to the number of discharges of the power storage system 100 in the predetermined period.
- the information on the discharge time of the power storage unit may include the number of discharges of the power storage system 100 in a predetermined period and the number of discharges of the power storage unit in the period.
- the system control unit 140 may transmit at least one of the information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit included in the power storage module 110 and the information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit included in the power storage module 120 to an external device.
- Examples of the external device include the load device 12, the charging device 14, and the like.
- the external device may be an output device that outputs information to a user. Examples of the output device include a display device such as a display and a sound output device such as a microphone.
- the output device may be an example of an output unit.
- the system control unit 140 may determine the performance of the power storage module based on information on the battery characteristics of the power storage module. When the battery characteristics of the power storage module do not satisfy a predetermined determination condition, system control unit 140 may output information indicating that the performance of the power storage module is insufficient. System control unit 140 may determine the determination condition based on the use of power storage system 100.
- the system control unit 140 collects and collects at least one of the information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit included in the power storage module 110 and the information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit included in the power storage module 120.
- the case where the transmitted information is transmitted to an external device has been described.
- the power storage system 100 is not limited to this embodiment.
- each of the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 may collect information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit included in each power storage module, and transmit the collected information to an external device.
- the system control unit 140 determines the order in which the power storage units of each power storage module are electrically connected to the wiring 106 based on the voltage of the power storage unit of each power storage module. For example, when the operation of the power storage system 100 is started and the state of the power storage system 100 starts from a charged state, the system control unit 140 causes the power storage unit of the low-voltage power storage module to be electrically connected to the wiring 106. On the other hand, when the operation of the power storage system 100 is started and the state of the power storage system 100 starts from a discharge state, the system control unit 140 electrically connects the power storage unit of the power storage module with a high voltage to the wiring 106. Note that the system control unit 140 may determine the order in which the power storage units of each power storage module are electrically connected to the wiring 106 based on the voltage between terminals of each power storage module.
- system control unit 140 may transmit a signal for connecting the power storage unit to the wiring 106 to each power storage module in the determined order.
- system control unit 140 selects the power storage module with the lowest voltage or SOC or the power storage module with the highest voltage or SOC, and connects the power storage unit only to the selected power storage module.
- a signal for connecting to 106 may be transmitted.
- the system control unit 140 may be realized by hardware, or may be realized by software. Further, it may be realized by a combination of hardware and software. In one embodiment, the system control unit 140 may be realized by an analog circuit, a digital circuit, or a combination of an analog circuit and a digital circuit. In another embodiment, the system control unit 140 is a program for controlling each unit of the system control unit 140 in a general information processing apparatus including a data processing device having a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a communication interface, and the like. May be implemented.
- the program that is installed in the computer and causes the computer to function as a part of the system control unit 140 may include a module that specifies the operation of each unit of the system control unit 140. These programs or modules act on the CPU or the like to cause the computer to function as each unit of the system control unit 140.
- the information processing described in these programs is read by a computer to function as specific means in which the software and the various hardware resources described above cooperate.
- the program may be stored in a computer-readable medium, or may be stored in a storage device connected to a network.
- electrically connected is not limited to the case where a specific element is directly connected to another element.
- a third element may be interposed between a specific element and another element.
- the present invention is not limited to the case where a specific element and another element are physically connected.
- the input and output windings of the transformer are not physically connected, but are electrically connected.
- the specific element and the other element are not electrically connected.
- Is electrically connected is electrically connected.
- “connected in series” indicates that a specific element and another element are electrically connected in series
- connected in parallel means that a specific element and another element are connected. And are electrically connected in parallel.
- the power storage system 100 includes two power storage modules connected in parallel has been described.
- the power storage system 100 is not limited to this embodiment.
- the power storage system 100 may include three or more power storage modules connected in parallel.
- the user performs an operation for electrically connecting the power storage unit of the new power storage module 110 and the wiring 106 before mounting the power storage module 110 in the power storage system 100.
- the method of mounting or replacing the power storage module 110 is not limited to the present embodiment.
- the user operates an input unit (not shown) of the power storage system 100 to input an instruction to start the work of replacing the power storage module 110.
- the input unit include a keyboard, a pointing device, a touch panel, a microphone, a voice recognition system, a gesture input system, and the like.
- the system control unit 140 When receiving an instruction to start the work of replacing the power storage module 110, the system control unit 140 stores the power storage unit of the power storage module (in the present embodiment, the power storage module 120) connected in parallel with the power storage module 110. An operation for electrically disconnecting from the wiring 106 may be performed. At this time, system control unit 140 may perform an operation for electrically disconnecting power storage unit of power storage module 110 from wiring 106. For example, the system control unit 140 transmits a signal for turning off a switching element disposed between the positive terminal of each power storage module and the power storage unit to the switching element.
- the system control unit 140 detects that the old power storage module 110 is taken out and the new power storage module 110 is mounted, the system control unit 140 acquires the voltage of the power storage unit of each power storage module.
- the system control unit 140 may, for example, continue until the voltage difference between the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 becomes an appropriate value.
- the power storage system 100 is operated using only 110.
- system control unit 140 executes an operation for electrically connecting power storage module 120 and wiring 106.
- the system control unit 140 connects the power storage unit of each power storage module to the wiring 106 based on the voltage of the power storage unit of each power storage module. Is determined in order of electrical connection. After that, the system control unit 140 electrically connects the power storage units of each power storage module to the wiring 106 in the determined order. When the power storage unit of the new power storage module 110 and the wiring 106 are electrically connected, the system control unit 140 first disconnects the power storage unit of the new power storage module 110 and the wiring 106 from each other. Good.
- the order in which the power storage units of each power storage module are electrically connected to the wiring 106 is determined based on the voltage of the power storage unit of each power storage module, and the power storage unit of each power storage module is electrically connected to the wiring 106 in accordance with the determined order. Connection may be made.
- the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 connected in parallel to the load device 12 or the charging device 14 is connected to the voltage difference between the two power storage modules. It can be mounted or replaced at any time without worrying about.
- the voltage difference between the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 can be caused not only by the difference in the charge state or the discharge state of both power storage modules, but also by the difference in the battery characteristics of both power storage modules.
- the battery characteristics of the power storage module may be the same as the battery characteristics of the power storage unit described above.
- the battery characteristics of the power storage module may be at least one of the characteristics exemplified as the battery characteristics of the power storage unit.
- the power storage system 100 even if the battery characteristics of the power storage module 110 and the battery characteristics of the power storage module 120 are different, deterioration or breakage of the power storage module 110 or the power storage module 120 is prevented. Meanwhile, the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 can be connected to the load device 12 or the charging device 14 in parallel. In the power storage system 100 according to the present embodiment, the battery characteristics of the power storage module 110 and the battery characteristics of the power storage module 120 may be the same or different.
- the battery characteristics of the secondary battery forming the power storage unit of the power storage module 110 and the battery characteristics of the secondary battery forming the power storage unit of the power storage module 120 are as follows: They may be the same or different.
- a power supply system that can connect a plurality of power supply modules having different battery characteristics to each other in parallel may be constructed. Thereby, each power supply module can be mounted or replaced at an arbitrary timing while suppressing deterioration or breakage of each power supply module.
- Employing a configuration similar to that of power storage system 100 is particularly useful when the power supply system is a system that is electrically connected to an external charging device or load device by two terminals.
- the power supply module may be an example of a power supply device that supplies power to another device.
- the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 may be examples of a power supply module.
- the power storage system 100 may be an example of a power supply system in which a plurality of power supply devices can be connected in parallel.
- the power storage unit and the secondary battery may be an example of a power supply unit serving as a power supply source of the power supply device.
- the battery characteristics of the power supply device fluctuate depending on factors such as (i) the state of deterioration of the power supply unit, (ii) the type of the power supply unit, (iii) the capacity and the SOC balance state.
- a power supply system capable of connecting a plurality of power supply devices having different deterioration states to each other in parallel.
- a secondary use product of the power supply module also referred to as a used product, a reused product, or the like
- a power supply system can be constructed.
- a power supply system capable of connecting a plurality of different types of power supply devices in parallel.
- at least one of service life, reliability, charging performance, discharging performance, energy efficiency, temperature characteristics, and economy can be achieved as compared with the case where a single type of power supply device is combined to form a power supply system.
- An excellent power supply system can be constructed. Details of the power supply system will be described later.
- the plurality of power supply modules constituting the power storage system 100 are the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120.
- the plurality of power supply modules configuring the power storage system 100 are not limited to the present embodiment.
- at least one of the plurality of power supply modules may include a primary battery or a fuel cell.
- at least one of the plurality of power supply modules may include a primary battery or a fuel cell, and at least one of the plurality of power supply modules may include a secondary battery.
- the power storage unit, the primary battery, and the fuel cell may be examples of a power supply unit.
- the power supply module including the primary battery or the fuel cell has a configuration similar to that of the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 and is based on a control signal from the system control unit 140 or a user operation.
- the connection relationship between the primary battery or the fuel cell and the wiring 106 may be switched. For example, when the power supply module receives a signal indicating that a discharging operation has been detected from the system control unit 140, the power supply module electrically connects the primary battery or the fuel cell of the power supply module to the wiring 106. .
- the power supply module when the power supply module receives a signal indicating that the charging operation has been detected from the system control unit 140, the power supply module establishes an electrical connection between the primary battery or the fuel cell of the power supply module and the wiring 106. Disconnect the connection. Thereby, breakage or deterioration of the primary battery or the fuel cell can be prevented.
- the power storage system 100 includes a plurality of power supply devices.
- the plurality of power supply devices may include two power supply devices in which the power supply units have different deterioration states.
- the plurality of power supply devices may be connected in parallel to the load device 12 or the charging device 14.
- the power storage system 100 may be electrically connected to the load device 12 or the charging device 14 by two terminals. At least one of the plurality of power supply devices may be detachably held in a housing of the power storage system 100. Thereby, each power supply device can be replaced individually.
- the power storage system 100 may include at least one power storage module.
- Examples of the power supply devices having different deterioration states include power supply devices having different usage histories.
- the power storage system 100 includes a new power supply device and a power supply device for secondary use.
- the power storage system 100 may include a plurality of secondary products having different usage histories.
- the performance required for the storage battery differs depending on the application. Therefore, even if the storage battery used for a specific application deteriorates and the required performance for the application is not satisfied, the storage battery can be reused by diverting the storage battery to another use. May be possible.
- the life of the storage battery may be longer than the life of the product incorporating the storage battery. In such a case, it is desirable to reuse the storage battery instead of discarding it.
- the present embodiment it is possible to easily construct the power storage system 100 in which a plurality of power supply devices having different deterioration states are connected in parallel.
- each power supply device can be individually mounted or removed. Further, at least a part of the inspection of the power supply device can be omitted before the power supply device to be reused is incorporated into the power storage system 100.
- each power supply device can switch the connection relationship between the power supply unit of each power supply device and the wiring 106 based on a control signal from the system control unit 140 or a user operation.
- the power storage system 100 can be operated safely.
- the battery characteristics of the power supply device can be checked. If the battery characteristics of the power supply device are insufficient, the power supply device can be easily replaced.
- the power storage system 100 includes a plurality of power supply devices.
- the plurality of power supply measures may include two power supply devices having different types of power supply units.
- the plurality of power supply devices may be connected in parallel to the load device 12 or the charging device 14.
- the power storage system 100 may be electrically connected to the load device 12 or the charging device 14 by two terminals. At least one of the plurality of power supply devices may be detachably held in a housing of the power storage system 100. Thereby, each power supply device can be replaced individually.
- the power storage system 100 may include at least one power storage module.
- Examples of the type of the power supply unit include a primary battery, a secondary battery, and a fuel cell.
- Examples of the type of the secondary battery include a lithium battery, a lithium ion battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a sodium sulfur battery, a lead battery, a nickel hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a redox flow battery, and a metal air battery.
- the type of the lithium ion battery is not particularly limited. Examples of the type of lithium ion battery include iron phosphate, manganese, cobalt, nickel, and ternary batteries.
- each power supply device differs between the two power supply devices, the difference between the rated voltages of the two power supply devices may exceed a predetermined value. Further, the difference between at least one of the charging characteristics and the discharging characteristics of the two power supply devices may not satisfy the predetermined condition.
- a power supply system has been constructed by finding power supply devices that meet specific conditions and combining them. For this reason, there was no idea to connect such two power supply devices in parallel.
- the power storage system 100 in which a plurality of different types of power supply devices are connected in parallel can be easily constructed.
- each power supply device can be individually mounted or removed.
- the electrical connection between the power supply unit and the load device 12 or the charging device 14 can be disconnected during the charging operation of the power storage system 100. .
- each power supply device can switch the connection relationship between the power supply unit of each power supply device and the wiring 106 based on a control signal from the system control unit 140 or a user operation.
- a power supply system that is excellent in at least one of economical efficiency.
- a power supply module including a lead battery that operates in a relatively wide temperature range but has a relatively low charge and discharge energy efficiency; and (ii) a low and high temperature region although the charge and discharge energy efficiency is high.
- FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the power storage module 110.
- the power storage module 110 includes a power storage unit 210 having a positive terminal 212 and a negative terminal 214, a switching unit 230, a module control unit 240, a protection unit 250, and a balance correction unit 260.
- the power storage unit 210 includes a power storage cell 222 and a power storage cell 224.
- the switching unit 230 may be an example of a switching element.
- the module control unit 240 may be an example of a control unit.
- the module control unit 240 may be an example of a control device.
- the module control unit 240 may be an example of a battery characteristic acquisition unit.
- the module control unit 240 may be an example of an output unit.
- the impedance of power storage unit 210 may be 1 ⁇ or less, or 100 m ⁇ or less.
- the impedance of power storage unit 210 may be 10 m ⁇ or less, 1 m ⁇ or less, 0.8 m ⁇ or less, or 0.5 m ⁇ or less.
- the impedance of power storage unit 210 may be 0.1 m ⁇ or more.
- the impedance of the power storage unit 210 may be 0.1 m ⁇ or more and 1 ⁇ or less, may be 0.1 m ⁇ or more and 100 m ⁇ or less, may be 0.1 m ⁇ or more and 10 m ⁇ or less, and may be 0.1 m ⁇ or more and 1 m ⁇ or less. There may be.
- the voltage of the power storage module newly added to the power storage system and the remaining voltage It is not necessary to match the voltage of the power storage module with high accuracy. Therefore, even if the impedance of power storage unit 210 is small, power storage module 110 can be easily and quickly replaced.
- the power storage cell 222 and the power storage cell 224 are connected in series.
- the storage cells 222 and 224 may be secondary batteries or capacitors. At least one of the storage cells 222 and 224 may be a lithium ion battery. At least one of the power storage cell 222 and the power storage cell 224 may further include a plurality of power storage cells connected in series, in parallel, or in a matrix inside the power storage cell.
- the positive terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210 is electrically connected to the wiring 106 via the positive terminal 112 of the power storage module 110 and the switching unit 230.
- the negative electrode terminal 214 of the power storage unit 210 is electrically connected to the wiring 106 through the negative terminal 114 of the power storage module 110.
- the power storage module 110 is not limited to this embodiment.
- the negative terminal 214 of the power storage unit 210 is electrically connected to the wiring 106 via the negative terminal 114 of the power storage module 110 and the switching unit 230.
- the positive terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210 is electrically connected to the wiring 106 via the positive terminal 112 of the power storage module 110.
- Switching section 230 is provided between wiring 106 and power storage section 210.
- the switching unit 230 switches the connection state between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 based on the signal generated by the module control unit 240. Accordingly, power storage unit 210 can be electrically connected to wiring 106 or power storage unit 210 can be electrically disconnected from wiring 106.
- the power storage module 110 When the power storage module 110 is mounted on the power storage system 100, the power storage module 110 may be mounted on the power storage system 100 in a state where the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106 are electrically disconnected by the switching unit 230. Thus, damage or deterioration of power storage module 110 can be prevented.
- the switching unit 230 may be realized by hardware, may be realized by software, or may be realized by a combination of hardware and software.
- the switching unit 230 may be realized by an analog circuit, a digital circuit, or a combination of an analog circuit and a digital circuit.
- the switching unit 230 may include one or more elements.
- the switching unit 230 may include one or more switching elements. Each of the one or more switching elements may be disposed between the positive terminal 112 and the positive terminal 212, or between the negative terminal 114 and the negative terminal 214. Examples of the switching element include a relay, a thyristor, a transistor, and the like.
- the thyristor may be a bidirectional thyristor (sometimes called a triac).
- the transistor may be a semiconductor transistor.
- the semiconductor transistor may be a bipolar transistor or a field effect transistor.
- the field effect transistor may be a MOSFET.
- the module control unit 240 controls a current flowing between the power storage unit 210 of the power storage module 110 and the wiring 106.
- the module control unit 240 determines that the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 (in the present embodiment, the voltage between the positive terminal 112 and the positive terminal 212) satisfies a predetermined condition. Then, the switching unit 230 is controlled such that the switching unit 230 electrically connects the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106.
- the switching unit 230 may electrically connect the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106 by electrically connecting the power storage unit 210 and the positive electrode terminal 112.
- the switching unit 230 is controlled so that the switching unit 230 electrically disconnects the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106 or the positive terminal 112. I do.
- the switching unit 230 may electrically disconnect the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106 by electrically disconnecting the power storage unit 210 and the positive electrode terminal 112.
- the predetermined condition may be a condition that the absolute value of the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 is within a predetermined range.
- the predetermined range may be 3 V or less, 1 V or less, 0.1 V or less, 10 mV or less, or 1 mV or less. Further, the predetermined range may be 0.5 mV or more, or 1 mV or more. The predetermined range may be 0.5 mV or more and 3 V or less. The predetermined range may be 1 mV or more and 3 V or less, 1 mV or more and 1 V or less, 1 mV or more and 0.1 V or less, 1 mV or more and 10 mV or less, or 10 mV.
- the voltage may be not less than 1 V, not more than 10 mV and not more than 0.1 V, or not less than 0.1 V and not more than 1 V.
- the terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 may be a voltage between the positive terminal 112 and the positive terminal 212 or a voltage between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the predetermined range may be set based on the impedance of power storage unit 210.
- the predetermined range may be set based on the rated current or allowable current of power storage unit 210.
- the predetermined range may be set based on the impedance of power storage unit 210 and the rated current or allowable current of power storage unit 210.
- the predetermined range may be set based on the rated current or the allowable current of the element having the smallest rated current or allowable current among the elements configuring power storage module 110.
- the predetermined range may be set based on the impedance of power storage module 110 and the rated current or allowable current of the element having the smallest rated current or allowable current among the elements configuring power storage module 110.
- the wiring 106 and the newly mounted power storage module are replaced until the voltage difference between the newly mounted power storage module and the already mounted power storage module is within a predetermined range. It is possible to maintain a state in which the power storage module 210 of the power storage module is electrically disconnected from the power storage module. Then, when the voltage difference between the newly mounted power storage module and the already mounted power storage module due to charging or discharging of the already mounted power storage module falls within a predetermined range, the newly mounted power storage module is newly mounted. A power storage portion of the power storage module is electrically connected to wiring 106. As described above, according to the present embodiment, a newly mounted power storage module and another power storage module can be automatically connected.
- the module control unit 240 receives, from the system control unit 140, a signal indicating that the voltage between terminals of the power storage module 110 is lower than the voltage between terminals of other power storage modules.
- the module control unit 240 controls the switching unit 230 so that the switching unit 230 electrically connects the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106. Thereby, the plurality of power storage modules 110 connected in parallel can be charged efficiently.
- the module control unit 240 receives, from the system control unit 140, a signal indicating that the terminal voltage of the power storage module 110 is higher than the terminal voltage of another power storage module.
- the module control unit 240 controls the switching unit 230 so that the switching unit 230 electrically connects the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106. Thereby, the plurality of power storage modules 110 connected in parallel can be efficiently discharged.
- the module control unit 240 receives, from the protection unit 250, a signal indicating that the voltage between the terminals of the power storage cell 222 or the power storage cell 224 is not within a predetermined range. Upon receiving the signal, module control section 240 controls switching section 230 such that switching section 230 electrically disconnects power storage section 210 and wiring 106. Thereby, deterioration or damage of power storage unit 210 due to overcharge or overdischarge can be suppressed.
- the module control unit 240 receives a user operation and receives an instruction from the user to turn the switching unit 230 on or off. Upon receiving the user's instruction, the module control unit 240 controls the switching unit 230 according to the instruction.
- the module control unit 240 may acquire information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210.
- the module control unit 240 may output information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210 to an external device.
- an external device can use information on the battery characteristics of power storage unit 210. Examples of the external device include the load device 12, the charging device 14, and the like.
- the external device may be an output device that outputs information to a user.
- the module control unit 240 may be realized by hardware or software. Further, it may be realized by a combination of hardware and software. In one embodiment, the module control unit 240 may be realized by an analog circuit, a digital circuit, or a combination of an analog circuit and a digital circuit. In another embodiment, the module control unit 240 executes a program for controlling the module control unit 240 in a general information processing device including a data processing device having a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a communication interface, and the like. It may be realized by doing.
- the program that is installed in the computer and causes the computer to function as a part of the module control unit 240 may include a module that specifies the operation of each unit of the module control unit 240. These programs or modules act on the CPU or the like to cause the computer to function as each unit of the module control unit 240.
- the information processing described in these programs is read by a computer to function as specific means in which the software and the various hardware resources described above cooperate.
- the program may be stored in a computer-readable medium, or may be stored in a storage device connected to a network.
- the computer-readable medium may be a non-transitory computer-readable medium.
- the protection unit 250 protects the power storage unit 210.
- the protection unit 250 protects the power storage unit 210 from overcharge and overdischarge.
- protection unit 250 transmits a signal indicating that to terminal control unit 240.
- the protection unit 250 may transmit information on the voltage between terminals of the power storage unit 210 to the system control unit 140.
- the protection unit 250 may be realized by hardware, may be realized by software, or may be realized by a combination of hardware and software.
- the protection unit 250 may be realized by an analog circuit, a digital circuit, or a combination of an analog circuit and a digital circuit.
- the balance correction unit 260 equalizes the voltages of the plurality of power storage cells.
- the operating principle of the balance correction unit 260 is not particularly limited, and any balance correction device can be used.
- the power storage module 110 may include a plurality of balance correction units 260.
- the power storage module 110 includes n (n is an integer equal to or greater than 2) power storage cells, the power storage module 110 includes n ⁇ 1 balance correction units 260.
- the balance correction unit 260 may be realized by hardware, may be realized by software, or may be realized by a combination of hardware and software.
- the balance correction unit 260 may be realized by an analog circuit, a digital circuit, or a combination of an analog circuit and a digital circuit.
- the balance correction unit 260 is an active balance correction device.
- the active type balance correction unit may be a balance correction unit that transfers electric charge between two storage cells via an inductor as described in JP-A-2006-0676742, It may be a balance correction unit that transfers electric charges using a capacitor as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 210109/210.
- the balance corrector 260 may be a passive balance corrector.
- the passive type balance correction device emits unnecessary charges using, for example, an external resistor.
- power storage unit 210 has two power storage cells connected in series.
- power storage unit 210 is not limited to the present embodiment.
- power storage unit 210 may include three or more power storage cells connected in series.
- power storage unit 210 may have a plurality of power storage cells connected in parallel, or may have a plurality of cells connected in a matrix.
- FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the module control unit 240.
- the module control unit 240 includes a determination unit 310, a reception unit 320, and a signal generation unit 330.
- the module control unit 240 may include a module information acquisition unit 340, a module information storage unit 350, and a module information transmission unit 360.
- the receiving unit 320 may be an example of a first signal receiving unit, a second signal receiving unit, and a third signal receiving unit.
- Module information acquisition section 340 may be an example of a battery characteristic acquisition section.
- Module information transmitting section 360 may be an example of an output section.
- the module control unit 240 includes a module information acquisition unit 340, a module information storage unit 350, and a module information transmission unit 360.
- the power storage system 100 is not limited to this embodiment.
- the system control unit 140 may include at least one of the module information acquisition unit 340, the module information storage unit 350, and the module information transmission unit 360.
- the determination unit 310 determines whether the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 is within a predetermined range. Determination section 310 transmits a signal indicating the determination result to signal generation section 330.
- the determination unit 310 may be any comparator or comparison circuit.
- the determination unit 310 may be a window comparator.
- the receiving unit 320 receives at least one of a signal from the system control unit 140, a signal from the protection unit 250, and an instruction from a user. Receiving section 320 transmits a signal corresponding to the received information to signal generating section 330.
- the signal generation unit 330 receives a signal from at least one of the determination unit 310 and the reception unit 320. Signal generating section 330 generates a signal for controlling switching section 230 based on the received information. The signal generation unit 330 transmits the generated signal to the switching unit 230.
- the signal generation unit 330 is configured to turn on the switching element of the switching unit 230 when the determination unit 310 determines that the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is within a predetermined range. Generate a signal. In another embodiment, the signal generation unit 330 is configured to turn off the switching element of the switching unit 230 when the determination unit 310 determines that the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is not within a predetermined range. Generate a signal.
- the signal generation unit 330 generates a signal after a predetermined time has elapsed since the determination unit 310 determines whether the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 is within a predetermined range or not. May be sent. Thereby, malfunction due to noise or the like can be prevented. Further, it is possible to prevent the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106 from being electrically connected immediately after the power storage module 110 is mounted on the power storage system 100.
- the signal generating unit 330 generates a signal for controlling the switching element of the switching unit 230 based on the signal received by the receiving unit 320. In one embodiment, when the receiving unit 320 receives a signal for turning on the switching element of the switching unit 230 from the system control unit 140, the signal generation unit 330 turns on the switching element of the switching unit 230. Generate a signal for
- the signal generation unit 330 when the receiving unit 320 receives a signal for turning off the switching element of the switching unit 230 from the protection unit 250, the signal generation unit 330 turns off the switching element of the switching unit 230. Generate a signal for In still another embodiment, when the receiving unit 320 receives a user's instruction, the signal generating unit 330 generates a signal for operating the switching element of the switching unit 230 according to the user's instruction.
- the module information acquisition unit 340 acquires information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210.
- the module information acquisition unit 340 may acquire information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210 by measuring the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210.
- the module information acquisition unit 340 may acquire information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210 input by a manufacturer, a seller, or the like at the time of shipment, inspection, or sale.
- the module information acquisition unit 340 may store information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210 in the module information storage unit 350. Although a specific configuration of the module information acquisition unit 340 is not particularly limited, the module information acquisition unit 340 may be a controller that controls reading and writing of data in the module information storage unit 350. In the present embodiment, the module information storage unit 350 stores information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210 acquired by the module information acquisition unit 340.
- the module information transmitting unit 360 transmits the information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210 acquired by the module information acquiring unit 340 to the system control unit 140.
- the module information transmitting unit 360 may transmit the information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210 acquired by the module information acquiring unit 340 to an external device.
- Module information transmitting section 360 may transmit information on the battery characteristics of power storage unit 210 in response to a request from an external device, and transmits information on the battery characteristics of power storage unit 210 at a predetermined timing. You may.
- the module information transmission unit 360 may transmit information on the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210 to the system control unit 140 or an external device with reference to the module information storage unit 350.
- FIG. 4 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the system control unit 140.
- the system control unit 140 includes a state management unit 410, a module selection unit 420, and a signal generation unit 430.
- State management unit 410 may be an example of a battery characteristic acquisition unit.
- the state management unit 410 may be an example of an output unit.
- the state management unit 410 manages the state of the power storage system 100.
- the state management unit 410 may manage the states of the power storage modules 110 and 120.
- the state management unit 410 may monitor the state of each of the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120.
- the state management unit 410 may monitor the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 and acquire information on each battery characteristic of the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120.
- the state management unit 410 may transmit information obtained by monitoring the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 to an external device.
- the state management unit 410 may measure the battery characteristics of each power storage module while operating the power storage system 100. When the battery characteristics of the power storage module do not satisfy the predetermined condition, the state management unit 410 outputs information indicating that the performance of the power storage module is insufficient to an output device that outputs information to a user. Good. The state management unit 410 may output identification information of the power storage module and information indicating that the performance of the power storage module is insufficient.
- the user can easily determine the power storage module with insufficient performance and replace the power storage module.
- the power storage system 100 is constructed using a reusable product of the power storage module, at least a part of the inspection of the power storage module to be reused can be omitted.
- the module selection unit 420 selects the power storage module having the smallest inter-terminal voltage from the plurality of power storage modules included in the power storage system 100. For example, the module selection unit 420 compares the voltage between the terminals of the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 and selects the power storage module with the smaller voltage between the terminals. Module selection section 420 transmits a signal indicating the selected power storage module to signal generation section 430.
- the module selection unit 420 selects the power storage module having the largest inter-terminal voltage among the plurality of power storage modules included in the power storage system 100. For example, the module selection unit 420 compares the voltage between the terminals of the power storage module 110 and the power storage module 120 and selects the power storage module having the larger voltage between the terminals. Module selection section 420 transmits a signal indicating the selected power storage module to signal generation section 430.
- the signal generation unit 430 generates a signal for turning on the switching element of the switching unit 230 of the power storage module for the power storage module selected by the module selection unit 420.
- the signal generation unit 430 transmits the generated signal to the module control unit 240.
- the signal generation unit 430 may generate a signal for turning off the switching element of the switching unit 230 of the power storage module for the power storage module selected by the module selection unit 420.
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates an example of a circuit configuration of the power storage module 110.
- FIG. 5 does not show the protection unit 250 and the wiring related to the protection unit 250.
- the switching unit 230 includes a transistor 510, a resistor 512, a resistor 514, a diode 516, a transistor 520, a resistor 522, a resistor 524, and a diode 526.
- the transistor 510 and the transistor 520 may be examples of a switching element. In the present embodiment, a case where the transistor 510 and the transistor 520 are used as switching elements of the switching unit 230 will be described. However, the switching elements of the switching unit 230 are not limited to the present embodiment. In another embodiment, a single switching element may be used as the switching element of the switching unit 230.
- the module control unit 240 includes a determination unit 310, a signal generation unit 330, a switch 592, and a switch 594.
- the determination unit 310 includes a transistor 530, a resistor 532, a transistor 540, a resistor 542, a resistor 552, and a resistor 554.
- the signal generator 330 includes a transistor 560, a capacitor 570, a resistor 572, and a transistor 580.
- the switch 592 and the switch 594 may be an example of the receiving unit 320.
- the transistor 510 is a MOSFET, and a parasitic diode (not shown) equivalently formed between the source and the drain of the transistor 510 even when the transistor 510 is off. As a result, a current can flow from the positive terminal 212 to the positive terminal 112.
- the transistor 520 is a MOSFET. Even when the transistor 520 is off, a parasitic diode (not shown) equivalently formed between the source and the drain of the transistor 520 causes the transistor 520 to be connected to the positive terminal 112. A current may flow toward the positive terminal 212.
- the transistors 510 and 520 are turned off by default.
- the transistor 580 When the transistor 580 is turned on during charging of the power storage system 100, current flows from the positive terminal 112 to the negative terminal 114 through the resistor 512, the resistor 514, and the transistor 580. As a result, a voltage is applied to the gate of the transistor 510, and the transistor 510 is turned on. Accordingly, current can flow from the positive terminal 112 to the positive terminal 212 through a parasitic diode equivalently formed between the source and the drain of the transistor 520.
- the transistor 580 when the transistor 580 is turned on when the power storage system 100 is discharged, a current flows from the positive terminal 212 to the negative terminal 214 via the resistor 522, the resistor 524, and the transistor 580. As a result, a voltage is applied to the gate of the transistor 520, and the transistor 520 is turned on. Accordingly, a current can flow from the positive terminal 212 to the positive terminal 112 through a parasitic diode equivalently formed between the source and the drain of the transistor 510.
- the voltage applied to the gate of the transistor 510 or the transistor 520 when the transistor 580 is turned on may be an example of a signal for turning on the switching element of the switching unit 230.
- a voltage applied to the gate of the transistor 510 or the transistor 520 may be an example of a signal for turning off the switching element of the switching unit 230.
- the values of the resistor 512 and the resistor 514 are set so that the transistor 510 can be turned on / off reliably with low power consumption.
- the values of the resistor 522 and the resistor 524 are set so that the transistor 520 can be reliably turned on / off with low power consumption.
- a diode 516 is provided between the resistor 514 and the resistor 524.
- Diode 516 allows current to pass in the direction from resistor 514 to resistor 524, but does not allow current to pass in the direction from resistor 524 to resistor 514.
- a diode 526 is provided between the resistor 514 and the resistor 524.
- Diode 526 allows current to pass in the direction from resistor 524 to resistor 514, but does not allow current to pass in the direction from resistor 514 to resistor 524.
- the transistors 530 and 540 of the determination unit 310 are turned off by default.
- the transistors 560 and 580 of the signal generation unit 330 are turned off by default.
- the value of the resistor 532 is such that the transistor 530 is turned on when the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is smaller than a first value that is positive on the positive terminal 112 side. It is set as follows. It is preferable that the value of the resistor 532 be set so that the current leaked when the switching unit 230 is off is minimized.
- the value of the resistor 542 is set so that the transistor 540 is turned on when the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 is larger than a second predetermined value. It is preferable that the value of the resistor 542 be set so that the current leaked when the switching unit 230 is off is minimized.
- the voltage between the terminals of the switching unit 230 is equal to the voltage difference between the positive terminal 112 and the positive terminal 212.
- the transistor 530 When the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is smaller than a predetermined first value, the transistor 530 is turned on, and the power of the transistor 560 is output from the power storage unit 210 via the positive terminal 212, the transistor 530, and the resistor 552. A voltage is applied to the base, and the transistor 560 is turned on. Although the voltage from the positive electrode terminal 112 is applied to the base of the transistor 580, the on-operation of the transistor 580 is prevented while the transistor 560 is on. As a result, the transistor 580 is turned off.
- the transistor 540 is turned on, and from the positive terminal 112 to the base of the transistor 560 via the transistor 540 and the resistor 554. The voltage is applied, and the transistor 560 is turned on. As a result, the transistor 580 is turned off.
- the value of the resistor 552 is set so that power consumption can be reduced in a range where the transistor 560 can be turned on when the transistor 530 is on.
- the value of the resistor 554 is set so that power consumption can be reduced in a range where the transistor 560 can be turned on when the transistor 540 is on.
- the capacitance of the capacitor 570 is set such that the transistor 560 is turned on before the voltage from the positive electrode terminal 112 is applied to the base of the transistor 580 and the transistor 580 is turned on. Accordingly, the signal generation unit 330 outputs the signal after the predetermined time has elapsed since the determination unit 310 determines whether the inter-terminal voltage of the switching element is within a predetermined range. Can be generated.
- the transistors 530 and 540 remain off, and the transistor 560 remains off. It is. Therefore, a voltage is applied from the positive electrode terminal 112 to the base of the transistor 580 via the resistor 572, and the transistor 580 is turned on.
- the switches 592 and 594 may be manual switches or switching elements such as relays, thyristors, and transistors.
- the signal 52 indicating that the switching unit 230 is turned on may be input to the switch 592.
- the signal 54 indicating that the switching unit 230 is turned off may be input.
- the switching section 230 can be turned on regardless of whether the transistor 580 is on or off.
- the switch 594 is turned on, the transistor 580 can be turned off regardless of whether the transistor 560 is on or off. As a result, the switching unit 230 can be turned off.
- FIG. 6 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the switching unit 630.
- the switching unit 630 is different from the switching unit 230 described with reference to FIG. 5 in that the switching unit 630 includes a relay 632 connected in parallel with the transistor 510 and the transistor 520.
- the switching unit 230 may have the same configuration.
- the transistors 510 and 520 may be semiconductor transistors.
- Transistors 510 and 520 may be field effect transistors (FETs).
- the relay circuit has an excellent characteristic that the resistance when the circuit is turned on is small, but has a relatively slow response speed. Therefore, for example, when the load device is a device having a pulsed current pattern such as a motor, and the voltage greatly fluctuates in a short time, the load device may turn on following the signal from the signal generation unit 330. difficult. On the other hand, the semiconductor transistor consumes more power than the relay circuit, but has excellent responsiveness. According to the switching unit 630 of the present embodiment, the transistor 510 or the transistor 520 using a semiconductor transistor and the relay 632 using a relay circuit are connected in parallel.
- the switching unit 230 receives a signal for turning on the switching unit 230 from the signal generation unit 330, first, the transistor 510 or the transistor 520 quickly responds to turn on the switching unit 230. After a short delay, the relay 632 is turned on. Then, when the relay 632 is turned on, the relay 632 having a small resistance is connected in parallel to the transistor 510 and the transistor 520, so that the combined resistance is reduced and the loss can be reduced.
- FIG. 7 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the power storage module 710.
- FIG. 8 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the switching unit 730.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a parasitic diode 842 of the transistor 510 and a parasitic diode 844 of the transistor 520 in order to facilitate understanding of the operation of the transistor 510 and the transistor 520.
- the power storage module 710 has a switching unit 730 instead of the switching unit 230 and a point that a signal from the protection unit 250 is transmitted to the switching unit 730 instead of the module control unit 240 in relation to FIG. It differs from the described power storage module 110. In other respects, the power storage module 110 may have the same configuration.
- the switching unit 730 receives a signal for turning on or off the switching unit 730 from the module control unit 240. Further, switching section 730 receives a signal for turning off switching section 730 from protection section 250.
- the signal 82 for turning on the switching element of the switching unit 730 is input to the logic circuit 852, and the signal 88 indicating that the power storage unit 210 is in the overcharged state is input to the logic circuit 852. If not, transistor 510 turns on. In addition, when the signal 82 for turning on the switching element of the switching unit 730 is input to the logic circuit 854 and the signal 86 indicating that the power storage unit 210 is in an overdischarge state is not input, the transistor 520 turns on.
- FIG. 9 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the power storage system 900.
- the power storage system 900 differs from the power storage system 100 in including a plurality of power storage modules 110 connected in a matrix. In other respects, power storage system 100 may have the same configuration.
- a first block including three power storage modules 110 and diodes 902 connected in parallel and a second block including three power storage modules 110 and diodes 904 connected in parallel are connected in series. It is connected.
- the discharge from the block is stopped after the discharge is continued until all of the plurality of power storage modules 110 included in the specific block reach the discharge completed state.
- the current can be bypassed by the diode 902 even when the discharge from the block is stopped.
- power supply by power storage system 900 can be continued. Therefore, while power storage system 900 is discharging power, the output voltage decreases stepwise.
- the connection with the power storage system 900 is sequentially disconnected from the power storage module 110 that has reached the charging completed state among the plurality of power storage modules 110 included in the specific block. Finally, charging of all the power storage modules 110 is completed.
- the diode 902 and the diode 904 are provided so that a current flows in a direction from the connection terminal 104 to the connection terminal 102 (sometimes referred to as a discharge direction). Therefore, even when the switching units 230 of all the power storage modules 110 included in the specific block are turned off, the current can be maintained. On the other hand, once the switching units 230 of all the power storage modules 110 included in a specific block are turned off, subsequent charging becomes difficult.
- the system control unit 140 when charging the power storage system 900, the system control unit 140 first detects the inter-terminal voltage of each block and checks whether there is a block whose inter-terminal voltage is 0. When a block having an inter-terminal voltage of 0 is found, the system control unit 140 turns on the switching element of the switching unit 230 for one of the plurality of power storage modules 110 included in the block. Transmit the signal of The system control unit 140 transmits a signal for turning on the switching element of the switching unit 230 to the power storage module 110 having the smallest terminal voltage among the plurality of power storage modules 110 included in the block. Good. After that, the system control unit 140 starts charging the power storage system 900.
- diodes 902 and 904 are installed so that current flows in the discharge direction.
- the power storage system 900 is not limited to this embodiment.
- diodes 902 and 904 may be Zener diodes. Accordingly, even when all the power storage modules 110 included in a specific block are completely charged and all the power storage modules 110 included in the block are separated from the power storage system 900, The charging of other blocks connected in series with the specific block can be continued.
- the system control unit 140 may detect the terminal-to-terminal voltage of each group and check for the presence or absence of a group whose terminal-to-terminal voltage is 0 before starting the discharge. After that, a signal for turning on the switching element of the switching unit 230 may be transmitted to one of the plurality of power storage modules 110 included in the block whose terminal voltage is 0.
- FIGS. 10 to 17 Another example of the power storage module 110 will be described with reference to FIGS. The matter described for the power storage module 110 and each unit thereof may be applied to other examples of the power storage module 110 and each unit thereof within a technically consistent range. In addition, items described for other examples of the power storage module 110 and respective units thereof may be applied to the power storage module 110 and respective units thereof. In the description of FIGS. 10 to 17, the description of the items described for each unit of the power storage module 110 may be omitted.
- FIG. 10 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the power storage module 1010.
- the power storage module 1010 includes a positive electrode terminal 112, a negative electrode terminal 114, and a power storage unit 210.
- the power storage module 1010 may include the switching unit 230.
- the power storage module 1010 may include the protection unit 250.
- the power storage module 1010 may include a balance correction unit 260.
- the power storage module 1010 includes a current detection element 1020 and a module control unit 1040.
- Power storage module 1010 may be an example of a control device and a control system.
- the module control unit 1040 may be an example of a control device.
- the switching unit 230 may be an example of an adjustment unit, a first current adjustment unit, and a second current adjustment unit.
- the switching unit 230 adjusts the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210. In one embodiment, the switching unit 230 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210, and electrically disconnects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210. In another embodiment, the switching unit 230 increases or decreases the current, for example, by changing a resistance value of a path between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- one end of the switching unit 230 is electrically connected to the wiring 106 via the positive terminal 112 and the current detection element 1020.
- the other end of switching section 230 is electrically connected to positive electrode terminal 212 of power storage section 210.
- Information indicating the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 includes the potential of the wiring 106 or the voltage applied to the wiring 106 (sometimes simply referred to as the voltage of the wiring 106) and the terminal of the power storage unit 210 (for example, a positive electrode terminal). 212) or a voltage applied to the terminal (sometimes simply referred to as the voltage of the power storage unit 210, the voltage of the terminal, or the like).
- the switching unit 230 detects at least a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in a direction from the positive terminal 212 to the positive terminal 112 of the power storage unit 210 (which may be referred to as a discharge direction). Adjust the size. In another embodiment, the switching unit 230 at least flows between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in a direction from the positive terminal 112 to the positive terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210 (may be referred to as a charging direction). Adjust the size of. In still another embodiment, the switching unit 230 adjusts the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharging direction and the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction.
- power storage module 1010 is different from power storage module 110 in that current storage element 1020 is provided.
- the power storage module 1010 is different from the power storage module 110 in that a module control unit 1040 is provided instead of the module control unit 240.
- the power storage module 1010 may have the same features as the corresponding configuration of the power storage module 110.
- the current detection element 1020 is used to acquire information indicating a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the information indicating the current include the presence / absence of the current, the magnitude of the current, the direction of the current, and the like.
- the power storage module 1010 obtains information on the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 by measuring the voltage between the terminals of the current detection element 1020.
- the current detection element 1020 is provided between the positive terminal 112 and the switching unit 230. More specifically, one end of current detection element 1020 is electrically connected to switching section 230. The other end of the current detection element 1020 is electrically connected to the wiring 106 via the positive terminal 112. Note that current detection element 1020 may be provided between switching section 230 and positive electrode terminal 212 of power storage section 210. Further, the switching unit 230 or a part of the element configuring the switching unit 230 may be used as the current detection element 1020.
- the current detection element 1020 may be any element having an arbitrary resistance value, and the type thereof is not particularly limited.
- current detection element 1020 has an appropriate resistance value according to the maximum allowable current of power storage unit 210.
- a resistor, a Hall sensor, and the like can be exemplified.
- a passive element or an active element having an appropriate resistance value may be used as the resistance.
- the module control unit 1040 is different from the module control unit 240 in that a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 is detected.
- the module control unit 1040 controls the operation of the switching unit 230 based on (i) the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit 210 and (ii) the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210. Therefore, this is different from the module control unit 240.
- the module control unit 1040 controls the switching unit 230 based on (i) the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit 210, (ii) the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210, and (iii) the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230. The operation may be controlled.
- the module control unit 1040 may have the same features as the corresponding configuration of the module control unit 240.
- the method by which the module control unit 1040 detects the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 is not particularly limited.
- the module control unit 1040 acquires information indicating the voltage between the terminals of the current detection element 1020 disposed between the positive terminal 112 and the positive terminal 212, and based on the information, obtains the wiring 106 and the power storage unit.
- the current flowing between 210 is detected. Accordingly, the module control unit 1040 can monitor the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the module control unit 1040 may determine the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210, and may determine the direction of the current.
- the module control unit 1040 controls Monitor or detect the current flowing in the charging direction.
- the switching unit 230 disconnects the electrical connection in the discharge direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 (sometimes referred to as “electrically disconnected in the discharge direction”)
- the module is used.
- Control unit 1040 may monitor or detect a current flowing between wiring 106 and power storage unit 210. Note that in this case, the current detected by the module control unit 1040 is a current that flows between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction.
- the module control unit 1040 controls the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the current flowing in the discharge direction is monitored or detected.
- the switching unit 230 disconnects the electrical connection in the charging direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 (sometimes referred to as “electrically disconnected in the charging direction”)
- the module is used.
- Control unit 1040 may monitor or detect a current flowing between wiring 106 and power storage unit 210. Note that, in this case, the current detected by the module control unit 1040 is a current that flows between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharge direction.
- module control unit 1040 controls the operation of the switching unit 230 is not particularly limited. As described above, module control unit 1040 detects a current flowing between wiring 106 and power storage unit 210. The module control unit 1040 may control the operation of the switching unit 230 based on information indicating the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210. Thus, when the power storage module 1010 is actively inserted and removed, the interlock of the switching unit 230 can be safely released.
- the module control unit 1040 may obtain information indicating the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230.
- the module control unit 1040 may control the operation of the switching unit 230 based on information indicating the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230. Accordingly, the time required for active insertion and removal of power storage module 1010 is reduced.
- the module control unit 1040 may obtain, from the protection unit 250, information obtained or generated by the protection unit 250. For example, the module control unit 1040 outputs information indicating that the overcharge protection function is enabled, information indicating that the overcharge protection function is not enabled, and information indicating that the overdischarge protection function is enabled from the protection unit 250. Information indicating that the overdischarge protection function is not enabled, and the like.
- the module control unit 1040 may control the operation of the switching unit 230 based on the information obtained or generated by the protection unit 250. Thereby, switching unit 230 can be appropriately controlled according to the state of power storage unit 210.
- the overdischarge protection function when the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 is smaller than or equal to or less than the threshold for overdischarge protection, the overdischarge protection function is enabled. When the voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210 is greater than or equal to a threshold for overdischarge protection, the overdischarge protection function is disabled. Further, for example, when the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 is greater than or equal to a threshold for overcharge protection, the overcharge protection function is enabled. When the voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210 is smaller than or equal to or less than the threshold for overcharge protection, the overcharge protection function is disabled.
- the module control unit 1040 may obtain, from the system control unit 140, information obtained or generated by the system control unit 140. For example, the module control unit 1040 acquires information indicating the battery characteristics of the power storage unit 210 from the system control unit 140. The module control unit 1040 may control the operation of the switching unit 230 based on the information obtained or generated by the system control unit 140. Thereby, switching unit 230 can be appropriately controlled according to the state of power storage unit 210.
- module control unit 1040 controls the operation of switching unit 230 based on the state of charge of power storage unit 210. In another embodiment, the module control unit 1040 controls the operation of the switching unit 230 based on the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230. In still another embodiment, the module control unit 1040 controls the operation of the switching unit 230 based on the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210. The module control unit 1040 may control the operation of the switching unit 230 based on at least one of the magnitude and direction of the current.
- module control section 1040 controls the operation of switching section 230 based on (i) voltage or SOC of power storage section 210 and (ii) current flowing between wiring 106 and power storage section 210. .
- the module control unit 1040 controls the switching unit 230 based on (i) the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit 210, (ii) the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210, and (iii) the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230. The operation may be controlled.
- module control unit 1040 controls switching unit 230 such that switching unit 230 electrically connects wiring 106 and power storage unit 210.
- the battery characteristics of power storage unit 210 may be an example of the battery characteristics of power storage unit 210, such as the voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210.
- the predetermined condition may be a condition using a predetermined numerical range or a threshold, or may be a condition using a numerical range or a threshold calculated according to a predetermined procedure. Thereby, for example, deterioration or breakage of power storage unit 210 due to overcharge or overdischarge can be prevented.
- the predetermined condition may be a condition for protecting power storage unit 210.
- the predetermined conditions include (i) a condition indicating that the voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210 is within a specific numerical range, and (ii) a voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210 being lower than a specific threshold. (V) a condition indicating that the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 is smaller than a specific threshold or equal to or less than a specific threshold; Can be exemplified.
- the condition indicating that the voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210 is within a specific numerical range is a condition indicating that at least one of the overvoltage protection function and the overdischarge protection function of power storage module 1010 is not enabled. There may be.
- the condition indicating that the voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210 is within a specific numerical range may be a condition indicating that the overvoltage protection function and the overdischarge protection function of power storage module 1010 are not enabled.
- Good The condition indicating that the voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210 is higher than a specific threshold or higher than a specific threshold is a condition indicating that the overdischarge protection function of power storage module 1010 is not enabled. Is also good.
- the condition indicating that the voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210 is lower than a specific threshold or lower than or equal to a specific threshold is a condition indicating that the overcharge protection function of power storage module 1010 is not enabled. Is also good.
- the module control unit 1040 causes the switching unit 230 to electrically connect the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106 when the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 satisfies a predetermined condition.
- the switching unit 230 More specifically, when the difference between the voltage of wiring 106 and the voltage of power storage unit 210 is relatively large, power storage unit 210 and wiring 106 are electrically disconnected. On the other hand, when the difference is relatively small, power storage unit 210 and wiring 106 are electrically connected. This enables quick active insertion and removal.
- the predetermined condition may be a condition for realizing quick active insertion and removal.
- the predetermined conditions include (i) a condition indicating that the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is within a specific numerical range, and (ii) a condition that the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is higher than a specific threshold.
- the voltage or SOC of the power storage Protection unit 250 transmits a signal for activating the over-discharge protection function to module control unit 1040 when the threshold value becomes smaller than the threshold value.
- the current is flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharge direction.
- the discharge direction may be an example of the first direction.
- the charging direction may be an example of the second direction. In the present embodiment, the discharging direction and the charging direction are opposite to each other.
- protection unit 250 sends a signal for enabling the overdischarge protection function to module control unit 1040. May be sent.
- the module control unit 1040 controls the switching unit 230 to electrically disconnect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210. If the power storage system 100 continues to discharge even after the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 are electrically disconnected, a voltage difference occurs between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the module control unit 1040 sets the switching unit 230 To try to electrically connect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210 is smaller than the threshold for overdischarge protection. Therefore, the interlock mechanism of the module control unit 1040 operates. As a result, the module control unit 1040 cannot control the switching unit 230 to electrically connect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the module control unit 1040 determines the current based on the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 or the information on the current. Is determined, and the operation of the switching unit 230 is controlled.
- the switching unit 230 includes the transistor 520 that adjusts or controls the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharge direction.
- the transistor 520 include a Si-MOSFET, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a SiC-MOSFET, and a GaN-MOSFET.
- transistor 520 is preferably an SiC-MOSFET.
- the maximum value of the rated voltage of the power storage unit 210 is 100 V or higher, preferably 200 V or higher, more preferably 300 V or higher, further preferably 500 V or higher, more preferably 800 V or higher, and still more preferably 1000 V
- the transistor 520 , SiC-MOSFETs are used.
- the advantage of the SiC-MOSFET that has a small loss while having excellent withstand voltage characteristics can be sufficiently exhibited.
- the maximum value of the rated voltage of power storage unit 210 is 300 V or more or 500 V or more, the effect of using a SiC-MOSFET as transistor 520 can be remarkably exhibited.
- a parasitic diode is formed between the source and the drain of the transistor 520.
- the parasitic diode allows a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction to pass.
- the parasitic diode suppresses a current from flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharge direction via the parasitic diode.
- the transistor 520 may be an example of a first current adjustment unit or a second current adjustment unit.
- the parasitic diode of the transistor 520 may be an example of the first bypass unit or the second bypass unit.
- the switching unit 230 has a function similar to that of the parasitic diode of the transistor 520, and may include a rectifier connected in parallel with the transistor 520 between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the rectifier include (i) a rectifying element such as a diode, and (ii) a rectifying circuit including a plurality of elements.
- the switching unit 230 includes the (i) transistor 520 for adjusting the current in the discharging direction and the (ii) the transistor 520 arranged in parallel to allow the current in the charging direction to pass therethrough. And a parasitic diode that does not pass current in the direction. Therefore, when the power storage system 100 is further charged and the voltage of the wiring 106 becomes higher than the voltage of the positive electrode terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210, the voltage between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 is increased through the parasitic diode of the transistor 520. Current flows in the charging direction.
- module control unit 1040 When preventing deterioration or breakage of power storage unit 210 due to overdischarge, module control unit 1040 needs to prevent current from flowing in the discharging direction, but does not have to prevent current from flowing in the charging direction. . Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the module control unit 1040 monitors the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the module control unit 1040 detects a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction. In another embodiment, the module control unit 1040 detects a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 when the switching unit 230 is electrically disconnecting the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharging direction. You may.
- the module control unit 1040 After charging of the power storage system 100 is started, the module control unit 1040 maintains an interlock for overdischarge protection until the above current is detected. On the other hand, when the above current is detected, the module control unit 1040 releases the interlock for overdischarge protection.
- the module control unit 1040 controls the switching unit 230 to electrically connect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the value of the on-resistance of the transistor 520 is smaller than the resistance value of the parasitic diode. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the charge and discharge efficiency of the power storage unit 210 is improved.
- the module control unit 1040 determines at least that the voltage difference has the quick activation / removal.
- the switching unit 230 may be controlled such that the switching unit 230 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 until the condition for realizing the condition is satisfied. Note that while the voltage difference satisfies the condition for realizing quick active insertion / removal, the module control unit 1040 performs switching so that the switching unit 230 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the unit 230 may be controlled.
- the module control unit 1040 may transmit a signal for resetting the overdischarge protection function to the protection unit 250. Then, when receiving a signal for resetting the overdischarge protection function, protection unit 250 may control switching unit 230 to electrically connect wiring 106 and power storage unit 210.
- protection unit 250 may transmit a signal for resetting the overdischarge protection function to module control unit 1040.
- module control section 1040 may control switching section 230 such that switching section 230 electrically connects power storage section 210 and wiring 106.
- the module control unit 1040 may, for example, (i) electrically disconnect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210, or (ii) The magnitude of a current that can flow in the discharge direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 is reduced. As a result, when the overdischarge protection function is enabled, the magnitude of the current that can flow in the discharge direction is smaller than when the overdischarge protection function is disabled.
- the module control unit 1040 sets (i) the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 Electrical connection is made, or (ii) the magnitude of current that can flow in the discharge direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 is increased.
- the module control unit 1040 adjusts the resistance value or the conduction ratio (may be referred to as a duty ratio) of the switching unit 230 to increase the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharge direction. Adjust or control the height.
- the module control unit 1040 adjusts a gate voltage (sometimes referred to as an input voltage) of the transistor 520.
- the module control unit 1040 controls the operation of an element provided in a circuit for adjusting the input voltage of the transistor 520, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the current flowing in the discharge direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 or It may be controlled.
- the module control unit 1040 adjusts a base current (sometimes referred to as an input current) of the transistor 520.
- a base current sometimes referred to as an input current
- the module control unit 1040 adjusts the magnitude of the current flowing in the discharge direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 by controlling the operation of an element provided in a circuit for adjusting the input current of the transistor 520. It may be controlled.
- the resistance value or the conduction ratio of the switching unit 230 may be the same or different when the overdischarge protection function is enabled and when the overdischarge protection function is disabled. .
- the switching unit 230 includes a switching element, the on-resistance of the switching element is the same between when the overcharge protection function is enabled and when the overcharge protection function is disabled. Well, may be different.
- the switching unit 230 has a variable resistor, the resistance value of the variable resistor is the same between when the overcharge protection function is enabled and when the overcharge protection function is disabled. Well, may be different.
- the module control unit 1040 controls the switching unit 230 to increase the resistance value of the switching unit 230 when the overdischarge protection function is enabled, as compared to when the overdischarge protection function is disabled. 230 may be controlled.
- the module control unit 1040 performs switching so that the duty ratio of the switching unit 230 is smaller when the overdischarge protection function is enabled than when the overdischarge protection function is disabled.
- the unit 230 may be controlled.
- the module control unit 1040 when it is determined to enable the overdischarge protection function, the module control unit 1040 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to each other.
- the module control unit 1040 When the module control unit 1040 is disconnected and (ii) the overdischarge protection function is determined to be invalid, the module control unit 1040 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 as an example.
- the procedure for releasing the interlock of the overdischarge protection has been described. However, those skilled in the art who are in contact with the description of the present specification will be aware that (i) when it is determined that the overdischarge protection function is to be enabled, the module control unit 1040 discharges the wiring between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the module control unit 1040 can flow between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharge direction. It can be understood that in another embodiment in which the magnitude of the current is increased, the module control unit 1040 can release the interlock of the over-discharge protection by the same procedure as in the present embodiment.
- a series of operations for electrically disconnecting the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 by the module control unit 1040 is the same as the other operations described above.
- the module control unit 1040 corresponds to a series of operations for reducing a current that can flow between the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106.
- a series of operations for electrically connecting the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 by the module control unit 1040 are performed in the other embodiments described above.
- And corresponds to a series of operations for increasing the current that the module control unit 1040 can flow between the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106.
- the protection unit 250 transmits a signal for activating the overcharge protection function to the module control unit 1040 when the threshold value becomes larger than the threshold value for the protection.
- the current flows between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction.
- the charging direction may be an example of the first direction.
- the discharge direction may be an example of the second direction.
- the discharging direction and the charging direction are opposite to each other.
- the case where the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 is larger than the threshold for overcharge protection may be an example where the condition for protecting the power storage unit 210 is not satisfied.
- the protection unit 250 sends a signal for enabling the overcharge protection function to the module control unit 1040. May be sent.
- the module control unit 1040 controls the switching unit 230 to electrically disconnect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210. If the power storage system 100 continues charging even after the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 are electrically disconnected, a voltage difference occurs between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the module control unit 1040 sets the switching unit 230 To try to electrically connect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the voltage or SOC of power storage unit 210 is larger than the threshold for overcharge protection. Therefore, the interlock mechanism of the module control unit 1040 operates. As a result, the module control unit 1040 cannot control the switching unit 230 to electrically connect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the module control unit 1040 determines the current based on the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 or the information on the current. Is determined, and the operation of the switching unit 230 is controlled.
- the switching unit 230 includes the transistor 510 that adjusts or controls the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction.
- the transistor 510 include a Si-MOSFET, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a SiC-MOSFET, and a GaN-MOSFET.
- transistor 510 is preferably an SiC-MOSFET.
- the maximum value of the rated voltage of the power storage unit 210 is 100 V or higher, preferably 200 V or higher, more preferably 300 V or higher, still more preferably 500 V or higher, further preferably 800 V or higher, and more preferably 1000 V
- the transistor 510 , SiC-MOSFETs are used.
- the advantage of the SiC-MOSFET that has a small loss while having excellent withstand voltage characteristics can be sufficiently exhibited.
- the maximum value of the rated voltage of power storage unit 210 is 300 V or more or 500 V or more, the effect of using a SiC-MOSFET as transistor 510 can be remarkably exhibited.
- a parasitic diode is formed between the source and the drain of the transistor 510.
- the parasitic diode allows a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to flow in the discharge direction.
- the parasitic diode suppresses a current from flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction via the parasitic diode.
- the transistor 510 may be an example of a first current adjustment unit or a second current adjustment unit.
- the parasitic diode of the transistor 510 may be an example of a first bypass unit or a second bypass unit.
- the switching unit 230 has a function similar to that of the parasitic diode of the transistor 510 separately from the parasitic diode of the transistor 510, and may include a rectifier connected in parallel with the transistor 510 between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- Examples of the rectifier include (i) a rectifying element such as a diode, and (ii) a rectifying circuit including a plurality of elements.
- the switching unit 230 is arranged in parallel with (i) the transistor 510 for adjusting the current in the charging direction and (ii) in parallel with the transistor 510 to allow the current in the discharging direction to pass, and And a parasitic diode that does not pass current in the direction. Therefore, when the discharge of the power storage system 100 further proceeds and the voltage of the wiring 106 becomes lower than the voltage of the positive terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210, the voltage between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 Current flows in the discharge direction.
- module control unit 1040 When preventing deterioration or breakage of power storage unit 210 due to overcharging, module control unit 1040 needs to prevent current from flowing in the charging direction, but does not have to prevent current from flowing in the discharging direction. . Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the module control unit 1040 monitors the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the module control unit 1040 detects a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharge direction. In another embodiment, the module control unit 1040 detects a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 when the switching unit 230 is electrically disconnecting the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction. You may.
- the module control unit 1040 maintains an interlock for overcharge protection until the above current is detected. On the other hand, when the above current is detected, the module control unit 1040 releases the interlock for overcharge protection.
- the module control unit 1040 controls the switching unit 230 to electrically connect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the value of the on-resistance of the transistor 510 is smaller than the resistance value of the parasitic diode. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the charge and discharge efficiency of the power storage unit 210 is improved.
- the module control unit 1040 determines at least that the voltage difference has the quick activation / removal.
- the switching unit 230 may be controlled such that the switching unit 230 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 until the condition for realizing the condition is satisfied. Note that while the voltage difference satisfies the condition for realizing quick active insertion / removal, the module control unit 1040 performs switching so that the switching unit 230 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the unit 230 may be controlled.
- the module control unit 1040 may transmit a signal for resetting the overcharge protection function to the protection unit 250. Then, when receiving a signal for resetting the overcharge protection function, protection unit 250 may control switching unit 230 to electrically connect wiring 106 and power storage unit 210.
- protection unit 250 may transmit a signal for resetting the overcharge protection function to module control unit 1040.
- module control section 1040 may control switching section 230 such that switching section 230 electrically connects power storage section 210 and wiring 106.
- the module control unit 1040 may, for example, (i) electrically disconnect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210, or (ii) The magnitude of the current that can flow in the charging direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 is reduced. As a result, when the overcharge protection function is enabled, the amount of current that can flow in the charging direction is smaller than when the overcharge protection function is disabled.
- the module control unit 1040 sets (i) the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 Electrical connection is made, or (ii) the magnitude of current that can flow in the charging direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 is increased.
- the module control unit 1040 adjusts the resistance value or the conduction ratio (may be referred to as a duty ratio) of the switching unit 230 to increase the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction. Adjust or control the height.
- the module control unit 1040 adjusts a gate voltage (sometimes referred to as an input voltage) of the transistor 510.
- the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction can be adjusted or controlled.
- the module control unit 1040 adjusts the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction by controlling the operation of an element provided in a circuit for adjusting the input voltage of the transistor 510. It may be controlled.
- the module control unit 1040 adjusts a base current (sometimes referred to as an input current) of the transistor 510.
- a base current sometimes referred to as an input current
- the module control unit 1040 adjusts the amount of current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction by controlling the operation of an element provided in a circuit for adjusting the input current of the transistor 510. It may be controlled.
- the resistance value or the conduction ratio of the switching unit 230 may be the same or different between a case where the overcharge protection function is enabled and a case where the overcharge protection function is disabled. .
- the switching unit 230 includes a switching element, the on-resistance of the switching element is the same between when the overcharge protection function is enabled and when the overcharge protection function is disabled. Well, may be different.
- the switching unit 230 has a variable resistor, the resistance value of the variable resistor is the same between when the overcharge protection function is enabled and when the overcharge protection function is disabled. Well, may be different.
- the module control unit 1040 controls the switching unit 230 to increase the resistance value of the switching unit 230 when the overcharge protection function is enabled, as compared to when the overcharge protection function is disabled. 230 may be controlled.
- the module control unit 1040 performs switching so that the duty ratio of the switching unit 230 is smaller when the overcharge protection function is enabled than when the overcharge protection function is disabled.
- the unit 230 may be controlled.
- the module control unit 1040 when it is determined to enable the overcharge protection function, the module control unit 1040 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to each other.
- the module control unit 1040 disconnects and (ii) determines that the overcharge protection function is to be invalidated, the module control unit 1040 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to each other, as an example.
- the procedure for releasing the overcharge protection interlock has been described. However, those skilled in the art who are in contact with the description of the present specification will be aware that (i) the module control unit 1040 charges the space between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 when it is determined to enable the overcharge protection function.
- the module control unit 1040 can flow between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction. It can be understood that in another embodiment in which the magnitude of the current is increased, the module control unit 1040 can release the interlock of the overcharge protection by the same procedure as in the present embodiment.
- the module control unit 1040 corresponds to a series of operations for reducing a current that can flow between the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106.
- a series of operations for electrically connecting the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 by the module control unit 1040 are performed in the other embodiments described above.
- And corresponds to a series of operations for increasing the current that the module control unit 1040 can flow between the power storage unit 210 and the wiring 106.
- the module control unit 1040 can achieve both the active insertion / extraction function and the protection function of the power storage unit 210 without greatly reducing the charge / discharge efficiency of the power storage module 1010. it can.
- the power storage module that constitutes a part of the power supply of a small-scale system such as a home appliance has a small number of power storage cells connected in series and has a rated voltage of 3.5 to 3.5. It is about 4.5V. Therefore, when mounting the power storage module on the power supply or removing the power storage module from the power supply while the system is operating, the voltage of the power storage module to be hot-swapped and the power of the other power storage Strict control of the voltage may be required. Depending on the specifications of the power storage module, the allowable value of the voltage difference between the power storage module to be hot-swapped and another power storage module that constitutes the power supply may be managed to be less than 1V.
- the size of power storage modules has been increasing.
- a power storage module having a rated voltage of about 300 to 400 V is used in a small to medium-sized electric vehicle such as a passenger car.
- power storage modules having a rated voltage of about 500 to 800 V have been used in large-sized electric vehicles such as electric buses.
- the allowable value of the voltage difference between the power storage module to be actively inserted and removed and another power storage module that configures the power supply also increases. For example, even when the voltage difference between one power storage module forming the power supply and another power storage module forming the power supply exceeds 1 V, the one power storage module can be actively inserted and removed. .
- the voltage difference between the power storage module and the power storage module may be 30 V or less, 10 V or less, 5 V or less, 3 V or less, 2 V or less, or 1 V It may be as follows.
- the voltage difference between the power storage module to be hot-swapped and the other power storage module constituting the power supply may be 1/5 or less of the rated voltage of the power storage module to be hot-swapped or 1/10 or less. 1/20 or less, 1/30 or less, 1/50 or less, 1/100 or less, 1/200 or less, 1 / 300 or less, 1/500 or less, and 1/1000 or less.
- the current detection element 1020 and the switching unit 230 are disposed between the positive terminal 112 of the power storage module 1010 and the positive terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210, and the positive terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210 is connected to the switching unit 230.
- the arrangement of the current detection element 1020 and the switching unit 230 is not limited to the present embodiment.
- the current detection element 1020 and the switching unit 230 are disposed between the negative terminal 114 of the power storage module 1010 and the negative terminal 214 of the power storage unit 210, and the negative terminal 214 of the power storage unit 210 is connected to the switching unit. Electrically connected to the wiring 106 via 230.
- FIG. 11 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the module control unit 1040.
- the module control unit 1040 includes a determination unit 310, a reception unit 320, and a signal generation unit 330.
- the module control unit 1040 may include a module information acquisition unit 340, a module information storage unit 350, and a module information transmission unit 360.
- the module control unit 1040 includes a current monitoring unit 1120.
- the current monitoring unit 1120 has a current detection unit 1122 and a direction determination unit 1124.
- the signal generation unit 330 may be an example of an operation control unit.
- the module control unit 1040 differs from the module control unit 240 in that the module control unit 1040 includes a current monitoring unit 1120.
- the module control unit 1040 may have the same features as the corresponding configuration of the module control unit 240.
- the current monitoring unit 1120 monitors a current flowing between the wiring 106 of the power storage system 100 and the power storage unit 210 of the power storage module 1010. For example, the current monitoring unit 1120 monitors a current flowing between the positive terminal 112 and the positive terminal 212 of the power storage module 1010.
- the current detection unit 1122 detects a current flowing between the wiring 106 of the power storage system 100 and the power storage unit 210 of the power storage module 1010.
- the current detection unit 1122 may determine the magnitude of the current.
- the current detection unit 1122 may be configured by an arbitrary analog circuit, or may be configured by an arbitrary digital circuit.
- the direction determining unit 1124 determines the direction of the current flowing between the wiring 106 of the power storage system 100 and the power storage unit 210 of the power storage module 1010.
- the direction determining unit 1124 may be configured by an arbitrary analog circuit, or may be configured by an arbitrary digital circuit.
- FIG. 12 schematically illustrates an example of a circuit configuration of the module control unit 1040.
- FIG. 12 schematically illustrates an example of a circuit configuration of the switching unit 230.
- FIG. 12 illustrates an example of the switching unit 230 and an example of the module control unit 1040 together with the positive terminal 112, the negative terminal 114, the power storage unit 210, the protection unit 250, and the current detection element 1020.
- one end of the transistor 510 is electrically connected to the wiring 106, and the other end is electrically connected to the power storage unit 210.
- the transistor 510 is connected in series with the transistor 520 and the parasitic diode 844 between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210. In this embodiment, the transistor 510 adjusts the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction.
- one end of the transistor 520 is electrically connected to the wiring 106, and the other end is electrically connected to the power storage unit 210.
- the transistor 520 is connected in series with the transistor 510 and the parasitic diode 842 between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210. In this embodiment, the transistor 520 adjusts the magnitude of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharge direction.
- parasitic diode 842 One end of the parasitic diode 842 is electrically connected to the wiring 106, and the other end is electrically connected to the power storage unit 210.
- Parasitic diode 842 is connected in parallel with transistor 510 between wiring 106 and power storage unit 210.
- the parasitic diode 842 is connected in series with the transistor 520 and the parasitic diode 844 between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the parasitic diode 842 allows a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to flow in the discharge direction. On the other hand, the parasitic diode 842 suppresses a current from flowing in the charging direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 through the parasitic diode 842.
- One end of the parasitic diode 844 is electrically connected to the wiring 106, and the other end is electrically connected to the power storage unit 210.
- Parasitic diode 844 is connected in parallel with transistor 520 between wiring 106 and power storage unit 210.
- Parasitic diode 844 is connected in series with transistor 510 and parasitic diode 842 between wiring 106 and power storage unit 210.
- the parasitic diode 842 allows a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to flow in the charging direction.
- the parasitic diode 844 suppresses a current from flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharging direction via the parasitic diode 844.
- the transistor 510 may be an example of one of the first current adjustment unit and the second current adjustment unit.
- the transistor 520 may be an example of the other of the first current adjustment unit and the second current adjustment unit.
- the parasitic diode 842 may be an example of one of the first bypass unit and the second bypass unit.
- the parasitic diode 844 may be an example of the other of the first bypass unit and the second bypass unit.
- the discharge direction may be an example of one of the first direction and the second direction.
- the charging direction may be an example of the other of the first direction and the second direction.
- the module control unit 1040 includes a determination unit 310, a signal generation unit 330, and a current monitoring unit 1120.
- the determination unit 310 may be an example of a first determination unit, a second determination unit, and a third determination unit.
- the signal generator 330 includes an OR circuit 1260, an AND circuit 1272, an AND circuit 1274, an OR circuit 1282, and an OR circuit 1284.
- a resistor having an appropriate resistance value is disposed as the current detection element 1020 between the positive electrode terminal 112 and the switching unit 230.
- the resistance value of the current detection element 1020 is determined, for example, so that the current monitoring unit 1120 can reliably determine the direction of the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210.
- the determination unit 310 determines whether the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is within a predetermined range. Determination section 310 transmits a signal indicating the determination result to signal generation section 330.
- the determination unit 310 may be configured by an arbitrary analog circuit, or may be configured by an arbitrary digital circuit.
- the determination unit 310 may include a window comparator.
- the window comparator can be realized using, for example, two comparators.
- the determination unit 310 has two input terminals.
- the voltage of one end of the switching unit 230 (for example, the end on the positive terminal 112 side) is input to one input terminal (shown as a ⁇ terminal in the figure) of the determination unit 310.
- the voltage at the other end of the switching unit 230 (for example, the end on the power storage unit 210 side) is input to the other input terminal (shown as a + terminal in the drawing) of the determination unit 310.
- the determination unit 310 has two output terminals.
- the determination unit 310 outputs a signal indicating that the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is smaller than the first threshold from one output terminal (shown as an L terminal in the drawing) as a signal indicating the determination result.
- the determination unit 310 outputs H logic from the L terminal.
- the determination unit 310 outputs L logic from the L terminal.
- the determination unit 310 outputs a signal indicating that the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is greater than the second threshold from the other output terminal (shown as an H terminal in the drawing) as a signal indicating the determination result. Output.
- a value larger than the absolute value of the first threshold is set as the absolute value of the second threshold. For example, when the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is larger than the second threshold, the determination unit 310 outputs H logic from the H terminal. On the other hand, when the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is equal to or less than the second threshold, the determination unit 310 outputs L logic from the H terminal.
- the determination unit 310 can determine whether the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 meets the first condition.
- the first condition includes (i) a condition indicating that the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit is out of a predetermined first numerical value range, and (ii) a first condition in which the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit is predetermined.
- a condition indicating that the voltage is larger than the threshold, (iii) a condition indicating that the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit is equal to or higher than the first threshold, and the like can be exemplified.
- the first condition is, for example, a condition indicating that power storage unit 210 is overcharged.
- the determination unit 310 can determine, for example, whether the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 meets the second condition.
- the second condition includes (i) a condition indicating that the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit is out of the predetermined second numerical range, and (ii) a second condition in which the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit is predetermined.
- a condition indicating that the value is smaller than the threshold value, (iii) a condition indicating that the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit is equal to or less than the second threshold value can be exemplified.
- the second condition may be a condition different from the first condition.
- the second condition is, for example, a condition indicating that power storage unit 210 is overdischarged.
- the determination unit 310 can determine, for example, whether or not the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 meets the third condition.
- the third condition is (i) a condition indicating that the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 is within a predetermined third numerical range, and (ii) a voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 is predetermined.
- a condition indicating that the voltage is smaller than the third threshold, (iii) a condition indicating that the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is equal to or less than the third threshold can be exemplified.
- the determination unit 310 can determine whether or not the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 meets the fourth condition.
- the fourth condition (i) a condition indicating that the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 is out of a predetermined fourth numerical range, and (ii) a voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 is predetermined.
- a condition indicating that the voltage is larger than the fourth threshold, (iii) a condition indicating that the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is equal to or higher than the fourth threshold, and the like can be exemplified.
- the fourth numerical range may be the same as the third numerical range.
- the upper limit of the fourth numerical range may be larger than the upper limit of the third numerical range.
- the fourth threshold may be the same as the third threshold.
- the fourth threshold may be higher than the third threshold.
- the current monitoring unit 1120 may include a comparator.
- the current monitoring unit 1120 has, for example, two input terminals and one output terminal.
- the voltage of one end of the current detection element 1020 (for example, the end on the positive electrode terminal 112 side) is input to one input terminal (shown as a + terminal in the drawing) of the current monitoring unit 1120.
- the voltage at the other end of the current detection element 1020 (for example, the end on the switching unit 230 side) is input to the other input terminal (shown as a ⁇ terminal in the drawing) of the current monitoring unit 1120.
- the current monitoring unit 1120 when the voltage input to the + terminal is higher than the voltage input to the ⁇ terminal, the current monitoring unit 1120 outputs H logic from the output terminal. On the other hand, when the voltage input to the + terminal is smaller than the voltage input to the ⁇ terminal, the current monitoring unit 1120 outputs L logic from the output terminal. In addition, when the voltage input to the + terminal and the voltage input to the ⁇ terminal are equal, or when both are considered to be equal, the current monitoring unit 1120 does not output a signal from the output terminal.
- the current monitoring unit 1120 detects a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 when at least one of the transistor 510 and the transistor 520 electrically disconnects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210. To detect. In one embodiment, the current monitoring unit 1120 detects a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharging direction when the overcharge protection function is enabled. In another embodiment, the current monitoring unit 1120 detects a current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction when the overdischarge protection function is enabled.
- the signal generation unit 330 may have the function of the reception unit 320.
- the signal generation unit 330 receives a signal 86 for enabling the overdischarge protection function from the protection unit 250. Further, the signal generation unit 330 receives a signal 88 from the protection unit 250 for enabling the overcharge protection function.
- the signal generation unit 330 receives information on the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 from the determination unit 310.
- the signal generation unit 330 receives information on the current between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 from the current monitoring unit 1120.
- the signal generation unit 330 controls at least one of the transistor 510 and the transistor 520 based on (i) the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit 210 and (ii) the detection result of the current monitoring unit 1120. can do.
- the signal generation unit 330 determines the transistor 510 and the transistor 520 based on (i) the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit 210, (ii) the detection result of the current monitoring unit 1120, and (iii) the determination result of the determination unit 310. Can be controlled.
- the signal generation unit 330 controls at least one of the transistor 510 and the transistor 520 by outputting a signal for controlling operation of at least one of the transistor 510 and the transistor 520 to a transistor to be controlled by the signal. Good.
- the signal generation unit 330 connects the wiring 106 and the power storage to at least one of the transistor 510 and the transistor 520.
- a signal for performing an operation of electrically disconnecting the portion 210 or an operation of reducing current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage portion 210 may be output.
- determination section 310 can also be used as an overcurrent protection function of power storage section 210.
- the OR circuit 1260 has two input terminals and one output terminal.
- the output from the H terminal of the determination unit 310 is input to one input terminal of the OR circuit 1260.
- the output from the L terminal of the determination unit 310 is input to the other input terminal of the OR circuit 1260.
- OR circuit 1260 outputs a logical sum of two inputs. For example, when the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 falls within a specific numerical range, the OR circuit 1260 outputs L logic. On the other hand, when the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is out of the specific numerical range, the OR circuit 1260 outputs H logic. For example, as an example of a case where the switching unit 230 satisfies the above-described fourth condition, when the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is larger than a specific value, H logic is output from the H terminal of the determination unit 310. In this case, the OR circuit 1260 outputs H logic.
- the AND circuit 1272 has two input terminals and one output terminal. A signal obtained by inverting the output of the OR circuit 1260 is input to one input terminal of the AND circuit 1272. A signal obtained by inverting the signal 88 for activating the overcharge protection function is input to the other input terminal of the AND circuit 1272.
- the AND circuit 1272 outputs a logical product of two inputs. For example, when the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 falls within a specific numerical range (specifically, when the absolute value of the difference between the voltage of the wiring 106 and the voltage of the power storage unit 210 is smaller than a specific threshold or When the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 is smaller than the threshold for overcharge protection, the AND circuit 1272 outputs H logic. On the other hand, in cases other than the above, the AND circuit 1272 outputs L logic.
- the AND circuit 1274 has two input terminals and one output terminal. A signal obtained by inverting the output of the OR circuit 1260 is input to one input terminal of the AND circuit 1274. A signal obtained by inverting the signal 86 for enabling the overdischarge protection function is input to the other input terminal of the AND circuit 1274.
- the AND circuit 1274 outputs a logical product of two inputs. For example, when the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 falls within a specific numerical range (specifically, when the absolute value of the difference between the voltage of the wiring 106 and the voltage of the power storage unit 210 is smaller than a specific threshold or If the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 is higher than the threshold for overdischarge protection, the AND circuit 1274 outputs H logic. On the other hand, in cases other than the above, the AND circuit 1274 outputs L logic.
- the OR circuit 1282 has two input terminals and one output terminal. A signal obtained by inverting the output of the current monitoring unit 1120 is input to one input terminal of the OR circuit 1282. The output of the AND circuit 1272 is input to the other input terminal of the OR circuit 1282.
- the OR circuit 1282 outputs a logical sum of two inputs. For example, when the output of the OR circuit 1282 is H logic, the transistor 510 is turned on, and when the output of the OR circuit 1282 is L logic, the transistor 510 is turned off. In one embodiment, when a current flows in the discharge direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210, the OR circuit 1282 outputs H logic. In another embodiment, when the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 falls within a specific numerical range and the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit 210 is smaller than a threshold for overcharge protection, the OR circuit 1282 Outputs H logic.
- the OR circuit 1284 has two input terminals and one output terminal.
- the output of the current monitoring unit 1120 is input to one input terminal of the OR circuit 1284.
- the output of the AND circuit 1274 is input to the other input terminal of the OR circuit 1284.
- the OR circuit 1284 outputs a logical sum of two inputs. For example, when the output of the OR circuit 1284 is H logic, the transistor 520 is turned on, and when the output of the OR circuit 1284 is L logic, the transistor 520 is turned off. In one embodiment, when a current flows in the charging direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210, the OR circuit 1284 outputs H logic. In another embodiment, when the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 falls within a specific numerical range and the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 is smaller than a threshold for overcharge protection, the OR circuit 1284 Outputs H logic.
- the signal generation unit 330 when the determination unit 310 determines that the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 meets the first condition, the signal generation unit 330 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to the transistor 510, for example. A signal for executing an operation of disconnecting the wiring or an operation of reducing the current flowing in the charging direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 is output. Note that the signal generation unit 330 may output a signal to the transistor 520 depending on the content of the first condition.
- the signal generation unit 330 when the determination unit 310 determines that the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 satisfies the second condition, the signal generation unit 330 connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to the transistor 520, for example. A signal for performing an operation of electrically disconnecting or an operation of reducing current flowing in the discharge direction between the wiring 106 and the power storage portion 210 is output. Note that the signal generation unit 330 may output a signal to the transistor 510 depending on the content of the second condition.
- the signal generation unit 330 determines whether the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 is equal to the first condition. Regardless of whether or not the second condition is satisfied, the operation of electrically connecting the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to the transistor 510 and the transistor 520 or increasing the current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 is performed. It outputs a signal for executing the operation.
- the signal generation unit 330 may output a signal according to the detection result of the current monitoring unit 1120. For example, the signal generator 330 outputs a signal as described below.
- the current monitoring unit 1120 activates the (i) overcharge protection function. Current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the discharge direction when the power is on, or (ii) between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 when the transistor 510 electrically disconnects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit.
- the signal generation unit 330 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to the transistor 510 regardless of whether the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 meets the first condition, or A signal for performing an operation of increasing current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage portion 210 is output.
- the current monitoring unit 1120 activates the (i) overdischarge protection function. Current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in the charging direction when the power is on, or (ii) between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 when the transistor 520 electrically disconnects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit.
- the signal generation unit 330 electrically connects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 to the transistor 520 regardless of whether the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210 satisfies the second condition, or A signal for performing an operation of increasing current flowing between the wiring 106 and the power storage portion 210 is output.
- the module control unit 1040 can suppress deterioration or damage of the power storage unit 210 due to an overcurrent.
- the OR circuit 1260 outputs H logic.
- the L logic is output from the OR circuit 1282. Is output. As a result, the transistor 510 is turned off.
- the L logic is output from the OR circuit 1284. Is output. As a result, the transistor 520 turns off.
- the present embodiment it is possible to suppress a steady current from flowing through the parasitic diode 842 and the parasitic diode 844. As a result, it can be considered that the voltage between the terminals of the switching unit 230 and the current flowing through the transistors 510 and 520 are proportional. Therefore, the determination is made by appropriately setting the resistance value of the current detection element 1020 or connecting a resistor having an appropriate resistance value between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in series with the current detection element 1020.
- the unit 310 and the signal generation unit 330 can be used as an overcurrent protection circuit.
- FIG. 13 schematically illustrates an example of a circuit configuration of the module control unit 1040.
- the module control unit 1040 disclosed in FIG. 13 differs from the module control unit 1040 described with reference to FIG. 12 in that a resistor 1310 is provided between the current detection elements 1020 and 120.
- the module control unit 1040 disclosed in FIG. 13 may have the same features as the corresponding configuration of the module control unit 1040 described with reference to FIG.
- the determination unit 310 and the signal generation unit 330 can be used as an overcurrent protection circuit.
- the resistance value of the resistor 1310 is determined, for example, so that the determination unit 310 can reliably determine whether the value of the load current falls within a predetermined numerical range.
- the resistor 1310 may be used as a current detection element instead of the current detection element 1020. In this case, the power storage module 1010 need not include the current detection element 1020.
- FIG. 14 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the power storage module 1410.
- the power storage module 1410 is different from the power storage module 1010 in that the power storage module 1410 includes a voltage adjustment unit 1430 and the module control unit 1040 controls the operation of the voltage adjustment unit 1430.
- the power storage module 1410 may have the same features as the corresponding configuration of the power storage module 1010.
- the voltage adjusting unit 1430 may be an example of a first switching element and a second switching element.
- FIG. 15 schematically illustrates an example of a circuit configuration of the voltage adjustment unit 1430.
- FIG. 15 schematically illustrates an example of a circuit configuration of a module control unit 1040 of the power storage module 1410.
- the voltage adjustment unit 1430 includes the transistor 1522 and the resistor 1524.
- the voltage adjustment unit 1430 includes a transistor 1542 and a resistor 1544.
- the transistor 1522 may be an example of a first switching element.
- the transistor 1542 may be an example of a second switching element.
- the module control unit 1040 of the power storage module 1410 differs from the module control unit 1040 of the power storage module 1010 in that the signal generation unit 330 (not shown) includes an AND circuit 1552 and an AND circuit 1554. .
- the module control unit 1040 of the power storage module 1410 may have the same features as the corresponding configuration of the module control unit 1040 of the power storage module 1010.
- the transistor 1522 is connected between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in parallel with the switching unit 230.
- one end of the transistor 1522 is electrically connected to one end of the switching unit 230.
- One end of the transistor 1522 may be electrically connected to the wiring 106 through the positive electrode terminal 112.
- the other end of the transistor 1522 is electrically connected to the other end of the switching unit 230.
- the other end of the transistor 1522 may be electrically connected to the power storage unit 210.
- the power storage module can be easily hot-swapped.
- the power storage system 100 is an infrequently used device such as an emergency power supply
- the replaced power storage module becomes the power storage system 100. It may take some time to be electrically connected to the wiring 106.
- the transistor 1522 can electrically connect the wiring 106 and the power storage portion 210 of the power storage module 1410 at an arbitrary timing.
- the resistor 1524 determines the magnitude of the current flowing through the transistor 1522 when the transistor 1522 is turned on.
- the resistance value of the resistor 1524 is determined so that an excessive current does not flow through the transistor 1522 when the transistor 1522 is turned on.
- the resistance value of the resistor 1524 is such that the resistance value of the path electrically connecting the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 through the transistor 1522 is different from the resistance value of the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 through the switching unit 230. Is determined to be larger than the resistance value of the path connected to
- the resistance value of the resistor 1524 is based on “the time required to charge the power storage unit 210 from the first SOC to the second SOC at a specific charging voltage when the transistor 1522 is turned on”. May be determined.
- the first SOC is 25% and the second SOC is 75%.
- the first SOC may be 20% and the second SOC may be 80%.
- the first SOC may be 10% and the second SOC may be 90%.
- the first SOC may be 0% and the second SOC may be 100%. Examples of the above time periods include 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 1 week, 10 days, 15 days, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 6 months. it can.
- one end of the transistor 1542 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210, and the other end is electrically connected to the negative terminal 214 of the power storage unit 210 or the reference potential. Accordingly, power storage unit 210 can be discharged at an arbitrary timing. As a result, the transistor 1542 can adjust the difference between the voltage of the wiring 106 and the voltage of the power storage portion 210 of the power storage module 1410 at an arbitrary timing. For example, even when the power storage system 100 is an infrequently used device, the power storage module 1410 can electrically connect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 of the power storage module 1410 at an arbitrary timing.
- the resistor 1544 determines the magnitude of the current flowing through the transistor 1542 when the transistor 1542 is turned on.
- the resistance value of the resistor 1544 is determined so that an excessive current does not flow through the transistor 1542 when the transistor 1542 is turned on.
- the resistance value of the resistor 1544 is such that the resistance value of a path that electrically connects one end and the other end of the power storage unit 210 via the transistor 1542 is equal to the resistance value of the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 via the switching unit 230.
- the resistance is determined so as to be larger than the resistance value of the path for electrical connection.
- the resistance value of the resistor 1544 may be determined based on “the time required for discharging the power storage unit 210 from the first SOC to the second SOC when the transistor 1542 is turned on”. For example, the first SOC is 75% and the second SOC is 25%. The first SOC may be 80% and the second SOC may be 20%. The first SOC may be 90% and the second SOC may be 10%. The first SOC may be 100% and the second SOC may be 0%. Examples of the above time periods include 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 1 week, 10 days, 15 days, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 6 months. it can.
- the AND circuit 1552 has two input terminals and one output terminal. A signal obtained by inverting the signal 88 for activating the overcharge protection function is input to one input terminal of the AND circuit 1552. The output from the L terminal of the determination unit 310 is input to the other input terminal of the AND circuit 1552. AND circuit 1552 outputs a logical product of two inputs. The signal 92 output from the AND circuit 1552 is input to an input terminal of the transistor 1522.
- the AND circuit 1554 has two input terminals and one output terminal. A signal obtained by inverting the signal 86 for enabling the overdischarge protection function is input to one input terminal of the AND circuit 1554. To the other input terminal of the AND circuit 1554, an output from the H terminal of the determination unit 310 is input. The AND circuit 1554 outputs a logical product of two inputs. The signal 94 output from the AND circuit 1554 is input to an input terminal of the transistor 1522.
- the module control unit 1040 determines the transistor 1522 based on, for example, (i) the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210, (ii) the voltage of the wiring 106, and (iii) the voltage of the positive terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210. Can be controlled. Further, for example, the module control unit 1040 determines whether or not the transistor 1542 is based on (i) the voltage or the SOC of the power storage unit 210, (ii) the voltage of the wiring 106, and (iii) the voltage of the positive terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210. Operation can be controlled.
- FIG. 16 schematically illustrates an example of the voltage adjustment unit 1430.
- the voltage adjuster 1430 disclosed in FIG. 16 is different from the voltage adjuster 1430 described with reference to FIG. 15 in having a bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 instead of the transistor 1522 and the resistor 1544.
- the voltage adjustment unit 1430 disclosed in FIG. 16 may have the same features as the corresponding configuration of the voltage adjustment unit 1430 described with reference to FIG.
- the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 is connected between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 in parallel with the switching unit 230.
- one end of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 is electrically connected to one end of the switching unit 230.
- One end of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 may be electrically connected to the wiring 106 via the positive terminal 112.
- the other end of bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 is electrically connected to the other end of switching section 230.
- the other end of bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 may be electrically connected to power storage unit 210.
- the rated current value of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 may be smaller than the rated current value of the switching unit 230.
- the specification of bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 may be determined based on “the time required to charge power storage unit 210 from first SOC to second SOC when bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 operates”. .
- the first SOC is 25% and the second SOC is 75%.
- the first SOC may be 20% and the second SOC may be 80%.
- the first SOC may be 10% and the second SOC may be 90%.
- the first SOC may be 0% and the second SOC may be 100%. Examples of the above time periods include 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 1 week, 10 days, 15 days, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 6 months. it can.
- the specification of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 may be determined based on “the time required for discharging the power storage unit 210 from the first SOC to the second SOC when the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 operates”. .
- the first SOC is 75% and the second SOC is 25%.
- the first SOC may be 80% and the second SOC may be 20%.
- the first SOC may be 90% and the second SOC may be 10%.
- the first SOC may be 100% and the second SOC may be 0%.
- Examples of the above time periods include 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 1 week, 10 days, 15 days, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 6 months. it can.
- the specification of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 includes a rated current value, a rated power value, and the like.
- bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 transfers electric energy from one power storage module 1410 to another power storage module 1410 using, for example, a period during which power storage system 100 is stopped. Transmit. Therefore, the capability of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 may be much smaller than when a bidirectional DC-DC converter is used to completely replace the switching unit 230.
- the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 is controlled by the module control unit 1040.
- the module control unit 1040 performs bidirectional DC-DC based on, for example, (i) the voltage or SOC of the power storage unit 210, (ii) the voltage of the wiring 106, and (iii) the voltage of the positive terminal 212 of the power storage unit 210.
- the operation of converter 1630 is controlled.
- the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 can transmit electric energy from the power storage unit 210 to the wiring 106 at an arbitrary timing. In addition, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 1630 can transmit electric energy from the wiring 106 to the wiring 210 at an arbitrary timing.
- FIG. 17 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the power storage module 1710.
- the power storage module 1710 when the module control unit 1040 determines to release at least one of the interlock for overdischarge protection and the interlock for overcharge protection, the power storage module 1710 includes a reset signal for overdischarge protection and an overcharge protection. Is different from the power storage module 1410 in that at least one of the reset signals is transmitted to the protection unit 250.
- the protection unit 250 receives the reset signal
- the power storage module 1710 controls the switching unit 230 to release at least one of the interlock for overdischarge protection and the interlock for overcharge protection. 1410 and the like.
- the power storage module 1710 may have the same features as the corresponding configuration such as the power storage module 1410.
- the switching units such as the switching unit 230, the switching unit 630, and the switching unit 730 are provided inside the power storage modules such as the power storage module 110, the power storage module 710, the power storage module 1010, the power storage module 1410, and the power storage module 1710.
- the details of the power storage system 100 have been described by taking as an example the case where the power storage system 100 is provided. However, the power storage system 100 is not limited to the above embodiments.
- the switching unit may be provided outside the power storage module.
- the switching unit is provided between the connection terminal 102 of the power storage system 100 and the positive terminal of each power storage module.
- the switching unit may be provided between the connection terminal 104 of the power storage system 100 and the negative terminal of each power storage module.
- the above-described switching unit disposed inside or outside each power storage module may be referred to as a switching unit corresponding to each power storage module.
- FIG. 18 schematically illustrates an example of a system configuration of the power storage module 1810.
- FIG. 18 schematically illustrates an example of a state in which power storage system 100 including power storage module 1810 and load device 12 are electrically connected. As illustrated in FIG. 18, when the load device 12 and the power storage system 100 are electrically connected, one end of the load device 12 is electrically connected to the connection terminal 102 of the power storage system 100, and the other end of the load device 12 Are electrically connected to the connection terminals 104 of the power storage system 100.
- the power storage module 1810 is different from the power storage module 110, the power storage module 710, the power storage module 1010, the power storage module 1410, or the power storage module 1710 in that the power storage module 1810 includes a precharge unit 1820.
- the power storage module 1810 may have the same features as the corresponding configuration of the above power storage module. Since the power storage module 1810 includes the pre-charging unit 1820, the occurrence of an inrush current immediately after the energization of the load device 12 can be suppressed.
- Precharge unit 1820 may be an example of a limiting unit.
- the load device 12 includes a switch 1804, a load 1802, and a capacitor 1806.
- the load 1802 consumes power supplied from the power storage system 100.
- Load 1802 may include a resistive load.
- the switch 1804 is connected in series with the load 1802.
- the switch 1804 switches an electrical connection relationship between the load 1802 and the power storage system 100.
- the switch 1804 may be a switch for activating the load device 12.
- the switch 1804 may be a manual switch or a switching element such as a relay, a thyristor, or a transistor.
- the capacitor 1806 is connected between the one end and the other end of the load device 12 in parallel with the load 1802 and the switch 1804.
- the capacitor 1806 is provided for the purpose of removing noise from, for example, an inverter or a motor.
- Capacitor 1806 may be an example of a capacitive load.
- the precharge unit 1820 is connected in parallel with the switching unit 230 between the wiring 106 of the power storage system 100 and the power storage unit 210 of the power storage module 1810.
- the precharge unit 1820 may have a larger resistance than the switching unit 230. That is, a resistance value between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 when a current flows through the precharge unit 1820 is larger than a resistance value when a current flows through the switching unit 230. Accordingly, even when the voltage between terminals of capacitor 1806 is smaller than the voltage between terminals of power storage unit 210, capacitor 1806 can be precharged with a current having a small current value. As a result, generation of an inrush current is suppressed.
- the precharge unit 1820 allows a current to pass from the power storage unit 210 to the wiring 106.
- precharge section 1820 suppresses passage of current in a direction from wiring 106 to power storage section 210.
- precharge unit 1820 does not allow current to pass in a direction from wiring 106 to power storage unit 210.
- overcharging of power storage unit 210 can be prevented.
- the power storage system 100 may include a power storage module 1810 and another power storage module (not illustrated). In this case, the power storage module 1810 and another power storage module are connected in parallel via the wiring 106.
- the power storage system 100 includes a plurality of power storage modules, all the power storage modules included in the power storage system 100 may have the precharge unit 1820, or only a single power storage module may have the precharge unit 1820. Good.
- Precharge section 1820 may be configured to be detachable from power storage module 1810. For example, before the load device 12 is connected to the power storage system 100, the precharge unit 1820 is attached to the power storage module 1810.
- switching unit 230 electrically disconnects wiring 106 of power storage system 100 and power storage unit 210 of power storage module 1810. At this time, according to the present embodiment, power is supplied from power storage unit 210 to capacitor 1806 of load device 12 via precharge unit 1820.
- the capacitor 1806 of the load device 12 is precharged, and the voltage between the terminals of the capacitor 1806 increases. As a result, the difference between the voltage between terminals of capacitor 1806 and the voltage between terminals of power storage unit 210 is reduced. Further, the terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 becomes smaller than a predetermined value.
- switching unit 230 When the inter-terminal voltage of switching unit 230 becomes smaller than a predetermined value, switching unit 230 electrically connects wiring 106 of power storage system 100 and power storage unit 210 of power storage module 1810. After wiring 106 and power storage unit 210 are electrically connected, precharge unit 1820 may be removed from power storage module 1810.
- FIG. 19 schematically shows an example of the internal configuration of precharge section 1820.
- the precharge unit 1820 includes a switch 1930, a current amount limiting unit 1940, and a current direction limiting unit 1950.
- the switch 1930 may be an example of a connection unit.
- the switch 1930 is connected in series with the current amount limiting unit 1940 and the current direction limiting unit 1950.
- the switch 1930 When the switch 1930 is ON, the switch 1930 electrically connects the current amount limiting unit 1940 and the current direction limiting unit 1950 of the precharge unit 1820, the power storage unit 210 of the power storage module 1810, and the wiring 106 of the power storage system 100. Connecting.
- the switch 1930 when the switch 1930 is OFF, the switch 1930 electrically connects the current amount limiting unit 1940 and the current direction limiting unit 1950 of the precharge unit 1820, the power storage unit 210 of the power storage module 1810, and the wiring 106 of the power storage system 100. Cut.
- the operation of the switch 1930 may be manually operated or automatically operated.
- the switch 1930 may be a manual switch or a switching element such as a relay, a thyristor, or a transistor.
- the current amount limiting unit 1940 limits the amount of current flowing through the precharge unit 1820.
- the current amount limiting unit 1940 may have a larger resistance than the switching unit 230.
- the current amount limiting unit 1940 may include at least one of a fixed resistor, a variable resistor, a constant current circuit, and a constant power circuit.
- the current direction limiting unit 1950 is connected in series with the current amount limiting unit 1940.
- Current direction restriction unit 1950 allows current to pass in a direction from power storage unit 210 to wiring 106.
- current direction limiting section 1950 does not allow current to pass in a direction from wiring 106 to power storage section 210.
- the current direction limiting unit 1950 may include a diode. The above diodes may be arranged such that the direction from power storage unit 210 to wiring 106 is a forward direction.
- the precharge unit 1820 may operate according to a control signal output from at least one of the system control unit 140 and the module control unit 240.
- the system control unit 140 may be an example of a switching control unit and a restriction control unit.
- the module control unit 240 may be an example of a switching control unit and a restriction control unit.
- the switching unit 230 switches the electrical connection relationship between the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 of the power storage module 1810.
- the difference between the voltage between terminals of capacitor 1806 and the voltage between terminals of power storage unit 210 of power storage module 1810 is relatively large, when load device 12 and power storage system 100 are electrically connected, wiring 106 and power storage module 1810 Is electrically connected, a rush current may flow through the load device 12 and the power storage system 100.
- At least one of the system control unit 140 and the module control unit 240 may control the operation of the precharge unit 1820 in conjunction with the operation of the switching unit 230.
- at least one of the system control unit 140 and the module control unit 240 causes the switching unit 230 to electrically connect the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 when the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 satisfies a predetermined condition.
- the switching unit 230 is controlled so as to connect to.
- at least one of the system control unit 140 and the module control unit 240 electrically disconnects the wiring 106 and the power storage unit 210 when the voltage between terminals of the switching unit 230 does not satisfy a predetermined condition.
- the switching unit 230 is controlled so as to perform the switching.
- the above-mentioned predetermined condition may be a condition that the value of the inter-terminal voltage of the switching unit 230 is smaller than the predetermined value.
- the system control unit 140 determines whether the connection terminal 102 and the connection terminal 104 of the power storage system 100 are physically or electrically connected to the load device 12. For example, the system control unit 140 determines whether the connection terminal 102 and the connection terminal 104 of the power storage system 100 are physically or electrically connected to the load device 12 by a switch or a detector that detects attachment by a mechanical structure. Is determined.
- the system control unit 140 determines whether all of the power storage modules included in the power storage system 100 have been connected.
- a control signal indicating that the power storage unit 210 of each power storage module and the wiring 106 of the power storage system 100 are electrically disconnected may be transmitted to the module control unit 240.
- the module control unit 240 of each power storage module controls the switching unit 230 of each power storage module, and causes the switching unit 230 to store the power storage unit 210 of each power storage module,
- the wiring 106 of the power storage system 100 is electrically disconnected.
- the wiring 106 of the power storage system 100 and the power storage units 210 of all the power storage modules are electrically disconnected.
- power storage units 210 of all power storage modules included in power storage system 100 and wiring 106 of power storage system 100 are electrically disconnected.
- the system control unit 140 switches at least one module control unit 240 of the power storage module including the precharge unit 1820 among the one or more power storage modules included in the power storage system 100 to switch the precharge unit 1820.
- a control signal indicating that 1930 is turned on may be transmitted.
- the system control unit 140 turns on the switch 1930 of the precharge unit 1820 for the module control unit 240 of the power storage module with the smallest battery voltage of the power storage unit 210 among the one or more power storage modules including the precharge unit 1820.
- a control signal indicating the operation may be transmitted.
- the module control unit 240 which has received the above control signal from the system control unit 140, controls the switches 1930 of each power storage module to turn on the switches 1930.
- the switch 1930 controls the current amount limiting unit 1940, the current direction limiting unit 1950, and the power storage unit. 210 and wiring 106 are electrically connected.
- the system control unit 140 When the switching unit 230 electrically connects the corresponding power storage unit 210 to the wiring 106, the system control unit 140 performs module control of the power storage module including the precharge unit 1820 in which the switch 1930 is ON. A control signal indicating that the switch 1930 is turned off may be transmitted to the unit 240. Upon receiving the above control signal from the system control unit 140, the module control unit 240 controls the corresponding switch 1930 to turn off the switch 1930.
- the system control unit 140 when it is determined that the connection terminal 102 and the connection terminal 104 of the power storage system 100 are not physically or electrically connected to the load device 12, the system control unit 140 performs the above control.
- the details of the power storage system 100 have been described using a case where a signal is transmitted as an example.
- the power storage system 100 is not limited to this embodiment.
- the system control unit 140 determines whether the connection terminal 102 and the connection terminal 104 of the power storage system 100 are physically connected to the load device 12 or the connection terminal of the power storage system 100. When it is determined that the connection terminal 102 and the connection terminal 104 can be electrically connected to the load device 12, at least one of the power storage modules including the precharge unit 1820 among the one or more power storage modules included in the power storage system 100. A control signal indicating that the switch 1930 of the precharge unit 1820 is turned on may be transmitted to the module control unit 240. Thus, even when the switching unit 230 electrically disconnects the wiring 106 and the corresponding power storage unit 210, the switch 1930 controls the current amount limiting unit 1940, the current direction limiting unit 1950, and the power storage unit. 210 and wiring 106 are electrically connected.
- FIG. 20 schematically illustrates an example of a circuit configuration of the precharge unit 1820.
- FIG. 20 illustrates an example of the precharge unit 1820 together with the switching unit 230 and the power storage unit 210.
- the precharge unit 1820 includes a switch 1930, a fixed resistor 2040, and a diode 2050.
- the switch 1930, the fixed resistor 2040, and the diode 2050 are connected in series.
- the fixed resistor 2040 can be used as a resistive load.
- diodes 2050 are arranged such that the direction from power storage unit 210 to wiring 106 is the forward direction.
- the fixed resistor 2040 may be an example of a current limiting unit.
- the diode 2050 may be an example of a current direction limiting unit.
- FIG. 21 schematically illustrates an example of a circuit configuration of the precharge unit 1820.
- FIG. 21 illustrates an example of the precharge unit 1820 together with the switching unit 230 and the power storage unit 210.
- one end of the switching unit 230 is connected to the positive terminal 112.
- the other end of switching section 230 is connected to one end of power storage section 210.
- the other end of power storage unit 210 is connected to negative terminal 114.
- the precharge unit 1820 includes a switch 1930, a constant power circuit 2140, and a diode 2050.
- the switch 1930, the constant power circuit 2140, and the diode 2050 are connected in series.
- the constant power circuit 2140 may be an example of a current amount limiting unit.
- the constant power circuit 2140 includes a transistor 2152, a fixed resistor 2154, a multiplier 2162, a fixed resistor 2164, a fixed resistor 2172, and a variable resistor 2174.
- a diode 2050, a transistor 2152, a fixed resistor 2154, and a switch 1930 are connected in series.
- Diode 2050, fixed resistor 2172, variable resistor 2174, and switch 1930 are connected in series.
- a transistor 2152 and a fixed resistor 2154, and a fixed resistor 2172 and a variable resistor 2174 are connected in parallel.
- one end of the diode 2050 is connected to one end of the power storage unit 210.
- the other end of diode 2050 is connected to the collector of transistor 2152.
- the emitter of the transistor 2152 is connected to one end of the fixed resistor 2154.
- the base of transistor 2152 is connected to one end of fixed resistor 2164.
- the other end of the fixed resistor 2154 is connected to one end of the switch 1930.
- the other end of switch 1930 is connected to positive electrode terminal 112.
- one end of the diode 2050 is connected to one end of the fixed resistor 2172.
- the other end of fixed resistor 2172 is connected to one end of variable resistor 2174.
- the other end of the variable resistor 2174 is connected to one end of the switch 1930.
- one input terminal of the multiplier 2162 is connected to the other end of the fixed resistor 2172 and one end of the variable resistor 2174.
- the other input terminal of the multiplier 2162 is connected to the emitter of the transistor 2152 and one end of the fixed resistor 2154.
- the output terminal of the multiplier 2162 is connected to the other end of the fixed resistor 2164.
- FIG. 22 schematically illustrates an example of a circuit configuration of the precharge unit 1820.
- FIG. 22 illustrates an example of the precharge unit 1820 together with the switching unit 230 and the power storage unit 210.
- one end of the switching unit 230 is connected to the positive terminal 112.
- the other end of switching section 230 is connected to one end of power storage section 210.
- the other end of power storage unit 210 is connected to negative terminal 114.
- the precharge unit 1820 includes a switch 1930, a constant current circuit 2240, and a diode 2050.
- the switch 1930, the constant current circuit 2240, and the diode 2050 are connected in series.
- the constant current circuit 2240 may be an example of a current amount limiting unit.
- the constant current circuit 2240 includes a transistor 2152, a fixed resistor 2154, an operational amplifier 2262, a fixed resistor 2164, and a reference voltage circuit 2270.
- a diode 2050, a transistor 2152, a fixed resistor 2154, and a switch 1930 are connected in series.
- one end of the diode 2050 is connected to one end of the power storage unit 210.
- the other end of diode 2050 is connected to the collector of transistor 2152.
- the emitter of the transistor 2152 is connected to one end of the fixed resistor 2154.
- the base of transistor 2152 is connected to one end of fixed resistor 2164.
- the other end of the fixed resistor 2154 is connected to one end of the switch 1930.
- the other end of switch 1930 is connected to positive electrode terminal 112.
- the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 2262 is connected to the positive terminal of the reference voltage circuit 2270.
- the negative electrode of the reference voltage circuit 2270 is connected to one end of the switch 1930 and the other end of the fixed resistor 2154.
- the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 2262 is connected to the emitter of the transistor 2152 and one end of the fixed resistor 2154.
- the output terminal of the operational amplifier 2262 is connected to the other end of the fixed resistor 2164.
- the constant current circuit 2240 can be used as a constant current load.
- FIG. 23 schematically shows an example of the internal configuration of precharge section 1820.
- FIG. 21 illustrates an example of the precharge unit 1820 together with the switching unit 230 and the power storage unit 210.
- one end of the switching unit 230 is connected to the positive terminal 112 and the connection terminal 2302.
- the other end of switching section 230 is connected to one end of power storage section 210 and connection terminal 2304.
- the other end of power storage unit 210 is connected to negative terminal 114.
- the precharge unit 1820 shown in FIG. 23 differs from the precharge unit 1820 shown in FIGS. 18 to 22 in that the precharge unit 1820 is configured to be detachable from the switching unit 230 and does not include the switch 1930. I do.
- precharge section 1820 shown in FIG. 23 may have the same features as the corresponding configuration of precharge section 1820 shown in FIGS.
- the precharge unit 1820 shown in FIG. 23 may include a switch 1930, similarly to the precharge unit 1820 shown in FIGS.
- the precharge unit 1820 includes a current amount limiting unit 1940, a current direction limiting unit 1950, and connection terminals 2332 and 2334.
- the connection terminal 2332, the current amount limiter 1940, the current direction limiter 1950, and the connection terminal 2334 are directly connected.
- the connection terminal 2332 is configured to be detachable from the connection terminal 2302.
- the connection terminal 2334 is configured to be detachable from the connection terminal 2304.
- the connection terminal 2332 and the connection terminal 2334 may be examples of a connection unit.
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Abstract
Description
[先行技術文献]
[特許文献]
[特許文献1]特開平11-98708号公報
[特許文献2]国際公開第2017/086349号
上述のとおり、本実施形態に係る蓄電システム100によれば、負荷装置12又は充電装置14に対して並列に接続された蓄電モジュール110及び蓄電モジュール120の少なくとも一方を、両蓄電モジュール間の電圧差を気にすることなく、任意のタイミングで、実装したり、交換したりすることができる。ここで、蓄電モジュール110及び蓄電モジュール120の電圧差は、両蓄電モジュールの充電状態又は放電状態の違いだけでなく、両蓄電モジュールの電池特性の違いによっても生じ得る。蓄電モジュールの電池特性は、上述の蓄電部の電池特性と同様であってもよい。蓄電モジュールの電池特性は、蓄電部の電池特性として例示された特性の少なくとも1つであってもよい。
一実施形態において、蓄電システム100は、複数の電力供給装置を備える。複数の電力供給装置は、電力供給部の劣化状態が互いに異なる2つの電力供給装置を含んでよい。複数の電力供給装置は、負荷装置12又は充電装置14に対して並列に接続されてよい。蓄電システム100は、2つの端子により、負荷装置12又は充電装置14と電気的に接続されてよい。複数の電力供給装置の少なくとも1つは、蓄電システム100の筐体に着脱自在に保持されてよい。これにより、各電力供給装置を、個別に交換することができる。蓄電システム100は、少なくとも1つの蓄電モジュールを備えてよい。
他の実施形態において、蓄電システム100は、複数の電力供給装置を備える。複数の電力供給措置は、電力供給部の種類が互いに異なる2つの電力供給装置を含んでよい。複数の電力供給装置は、負荷装置12又は充電装置14に対して並列に接続されてよい。蓄電システム100は、2つの端子により、負荷装置12又は充電装置14と電気的に接続されてよい。複数の電力供給装置の少なくとも1つは、蓄電システム100の筐体に着脱自在に保持されてよい。これにより、各電力供給装置を、個別に交換することができる。蓄電システム100は、少なくとも1つの蓄電モジュールを備えてよい。
一実施形態において、モジュール制御部1040は、蓄電部210の充電状態に基づいて、切替部230の動作を制御する。他の実施形態において、モジュール制御部1040は、切替部230の端子間電圧に基づいて、切替部230の動作を制御する。さらに他の実施形態において、モジュール制御部1040は、配線106及び蓄電部210の間を流れる電流に基づいて、切替部230の動作を制御する。モジュール制御部1040は、上記の電流の大きさ及び方向の少なくとも一方に基づいて、切替部230の動作を制御してよい。
蓄電モジュール1010の蓄電部210が蓄電システム100の配線106と電気的に接続された状態で、蓄電システム100が放電している場合において、例えば、蓄電部210の電圧又はSOCが、過放電保護のための閾値よりも小さくなると、保護部250は、過放電保護機能を有効化するための信号を、モジュール制御部1040に送信する。このとき、電流は、配線106及び蓄電部210の間を放電方向に流れている。この場合において、放電方向は第1方向の一例であってよい。また、充電方向は第2方向の一例であってよい。なお、本実施形態において、放電方向及び充電方向とは互いに逆向きである。
蓄電モジュール1010の蓄電部210が蓄電システム100の配線106と電気的に接続された状態で、蓄電システム100が充電している場合において、例えば、蓄電部210の電圧又はSOCが、過充電保護のための閾値よりも大きくなると、保護部250は、過充電保護機能を有効化するための信号を、モジュール制御部1040に送信する。このとき、電流は、配線106及び蓄電部210の間を充電方向に流れている。この場合において、充電方向は第1方向の一例であってよい。また、放電方向は第2方向の一例であってよい。なお、本実施形態において、放電方向及び充電方向とは互いに逆向きである。
本実施形態において、トランジスタ510は、一端が配線106と電気的に接続され、他端が蓄電部210と電気的に接続される。トランジスタ510は、配線106及び蓄電部210の間において、トランジスタ520及び寄生ダイオード844と直列に接続される。本実施形態において、トランジスタ510は、配線106及び蓄電部210の間を充電方向に流れる電流の大きさを調整する。
本実施形態において、モジュール制御部1040は、判定部310と、信号生成部330と、電流監視部1120とを備える。判定部310は、第1決定部、第2決定部及び第3決定部の一例であってよい。
一実施形態において、判定部310が、蓄電部210の電圧又はSOCが第1条件に合致することを決定した場合、信号生成部330は、例えば、トランジスタ510に、配線106及び蓄電部210を電気的に切断する動作、又は、配線106及び蓄電部210の間を充電方向に流れる電流を小さくする動作を実行させるための信号を出力する。なお、第1条件の内容によっては、信号生成部330は、トランジスタ520に信号を出力してもよい。
この場合、信号生成部330は、蓄電部210の電圧又はSOCが第1条件に合致するか否かに関わらず、トランジスタ510に、配線106及び蓄電部210を電気的に接続する動作、又は、配線106及び蓄電部210の間を流れる電流を大きくする動作を実行させるための信号を出力する。
この場合、信号生成部330は、蓄電部210の電圧又はSOCが第2条件に合致するか否かに関わらず、トランジスタ520に、配線106及び蓄電部210を電気的に接続する動作、又は、配線106及び蓄電部210の間を流れる電流を大きくする動作を実行させるための信号を出力する。
Claims (10)
- 他の電力供給装置と並列接続可能に構成された蓄電装置の蓄電部と、前記蓄電装置及び前記他の電力供給装置を電気的に接続する配線との間に配され、前記配線及び前記蓄電部の電気的な接続関係を切り替える切替部と、
前記配線及び前記蓄電部の間において前記切替部と並列に接続され、前記切替部よりも大きな抵抗を有し、前記蓄電部から前記配線に向かう方向に電流を通過させ、前記配線から前記蓄電部に向かう方向に電流が通過することを抑制する制限部と、
を備える、
蓄電システム。 - 前記制限部は、
前記制限部を流れる電流の電流量を制限する電流量制限部と、
前記電流量制限部と直列に接続され、前記蓄電部から前記配線に向かう方向に電流を通過させ、前記配線から前記蓄電部に向かう方向に電流を通過させない電流方向制限部と、
を有する、
請求項1に記載の蓄電システム。 - 前記電流量制限部は、固定抵抗、可変抵抗、定電流回路、及び、定電力回路の少なくとも1つを有する、
請求項2に記載の蓄電システム。 - 前記制限部は、前記電流量制限部及び前記電流方向制限部と直列に接続され、前記電流量制限部、前記電流方向制限部及び前記蓄電部と、前記配線とを電気的に接続する接続部をさらに有する、
請求項2又は請求項3に記載の蓄電システム。 - 前記切替部を制御する切替制御部と、
前記制限部を制御する制限制御部と、
をさらに備え、
前記切替制御部は、
(i)前記切替部の端子間電圧が予め定められた条件を満足する場合に、前記切替部が前記配線及び前記蓄電部を電気的に接続し、(ii)前記切替部の端子間電圧が前記予め定められた条件を満足しない場合に、前記切替部が前記配線及び前記蓄電部を電気的に切断するように、前記切替部を制御し、
前記制限制御部は、前記切替部が前記配線及び前記蓄電部を電気的に切断している場合に、前記接続部が、前記電流量制限部、前記電流方向制限部及び前記蓄電部と、前記配線とを電気的に接続するように、前記接続部を制御する、
請求項4に記載の蓄電システム。 - 前記制限制御部は、前記切替部が前記配線及び前記蓄電部を電気的に接続した後、前記接続部が、前記電流量制限部、前記電流方向制限部及び前記蓄電部と、前記配線とを電気的に切断するように、前記接続部を制御する、
請求項5に記載の蓄電システム。 - 前記制限部を制御する制限制御部をさらに備え、
前記制限制御部は、前記蓄電システムが前記蓄電システムの外部の負荷装置と物理的又は電気的に接続されている場合、又は、前記蓄電システムが前記蓄電システムの外部の負荷装置と電気的に接続される前に、前記接続部が、前記電流量制限部、前記電流方向制限部及び前記蓄電部と、前記配線とを電気的に接続するように、前記接続部を制御する、
請求項4に記載の蓄電システム。 - 前記切替部を制御する切替制御部をさらに備え、
前記切替制御部は、前記蓄電システムが、前記蓄電システムの外部の負荷装置と電気的に接続される前に、前記切替部が前記配線及び前記蓄電部を電気的に切断するように、前記切替部を制御する、
請求項7に記載の蓄電システム。 - 前記制限部は、前記切替部の一端及び他端と、着脱自在に構成される、
請求項1から請求項8までの何れか一項に記載の蓄電システム。 - 前記蓄電装置が、
前記切替部及び前記制限部を備え、
前記配線と、着脱自在に構成される、
請求項1から請求項9までの何れか一項に記載の蓄電システム。
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| US20210091577A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 |
| CN112119563A (zh) | 2020-12-22 |
| DE112019004988T5 (de) | 2021-06-24 |
| CN112119563B (zh) | 2025-03-28 |
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