WO2019182063A1 - 研磨液、研磨液セット及び研磨方法 - Google Patents
研磨液、研磨液セット及び研磨方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019182063A1 WO2019182063A1 PCT/JP2019/011872 JP2019011872W WO2019182063A1 WO 2019182063 A1 WO2019182063 A1 WO 2019182063A1 JP 2019011872 W JP2019011872 W JP 2019011872W WO 2019182063 A1 WO2019182063 A1 WO 2019182063A1
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Classifications
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- H10P95/062—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/042—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces operating processes therefor
- B24B37/044—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces operating processes therefor characterised by the composition of the lapping agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/04—Aqueous dispersions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/06—Other polishing compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K13/00—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions
- C09K13/04—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions containing an inorganic acid
- C09K13/06—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions containing an inorganic acid with organic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1409—Abrasive particles per se
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
- C09K3/1463—Aqueous liquid suspensions
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- H10P52/00—
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- H10P52/402—
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- H10P52/403—
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- H10P95/064—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polishing liquid, a polishing liquid set, and a polishing method.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- STI shallow trench isolation
- Examples of the most frequently used polishing liquid include silica-based polishing liquids containing silica (silicon oxide) particles such as fumed silica and colloidal silica as abrasive grains.
- the silica-based polishing liquid is characterized by high versatility, and a wide variety of materials can be polished regardless of insulating materials and conductive materials by appropriately selecting the abrasive content, pH, additives, and the like.
- a polishing liquid mainly for an insulating material such as silicon oxide the demand for a polishing liquid containing cerium compound particles as an abrasive is also increasing.
- a cerium oxide-based polishing liquid containing cerium oxide particles as abrasive grains can polish silicon oxide at high speed even with a lower abrasive grain content than a silica-based polishing liquid (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 below).
- JP-A-10-106994 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-022970
- a laminated body having an insulating material (e.g., silicon oxide) disposed on the substrate is polished.
- the polishing of the insulating material is stopped by the stopper. That is, the polishing of the insulating material is stopped when the stopper is exposed. This is because it is difficult to artificially control the polishing amount of the insulating material (for example, the film thickness to be removed in the insulating film), and the degree of polishing is controlled by polishing the insulating material until the stopper is exposed. Yes.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a polishing liquid, a polishing liquid set and a polishing method capable of suppressing excessive dishing when polishing an insulating material using a stopper.
- the polishing liquid according to one aspect of the present invention contains abrasive grains, a hydroxy acid, a polyol, at least one zwitterionic compound selected from the group consisting of aminocarboxylic acid and aminosulfonic acid, and a liquid medium.
- the zeta potential of the abrasive grains is positive, the isoelectric point of aminocarboxylic acid is smaller than 7.0, and the pKa of aminosulfonic acid is larger than 0.
- Such a polishing liquid can suppress excessive dishing when the insulating material is polished using the stopper. As a result, the flatness of the substrate after overpolishing can be improved.
- the constituents of the above-described polishing liquid are stored separately in a first liquid and a second liquid, and the first liquid includes the abrasive grains and a liquid.
- the second liquid includes the hydroxy acid, the polyol, the zwitterionic compound, and a liquid medium. According to such a polishing liquid set, the same effects as those of the above-described polishing liquid can be obtained.
- a polishing method is performed using the above polishing liquid or a polishing liquid obtained by mixing the first liquid and the second liquid in the above polishing liquid set.
- a polishing step for polishing the polishing surface is provided. According to such a polishing method, the same effect as that of the above-described polishing liquid can be obtained.
- a polishing liquid for polishing a surface to be polished containing silicon oxide it is possible to provide use of a polishing liquid for selective polishing of silicon oxide with respect to silicon nitride.
- ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION use of the polishing liquid can be provided for the planarization process of the base
- a numerical range indicated by using “to” indicates a range including the numerical values described before and after “to” as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively.
- the upper limit value or lower limit value of a numerical range of a certain step can be arbitrarily combined with the upper limit value or lower limit value of the numerical range of another step.
- the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with the values shown in the examples. “A or B” only needs to include either A or B, and may include both.
- the materials exemplified in this specification can be used singly or in combination of two or more unless otherwise specified.
- each component in the composition is the total amount of the plurality of substances present in the composition unless there is a specific notice when there are a plurality of substances corresponding to each component in the composition.
- the term “process” is not limited to an independent process, and is included in this term if the intended effect of the process is achieved even when it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes.
- polishing liquid is defined as a composition that touches the surface to be polished during polishing.
- the phrase “polishing liquid” itself does not limit the components contained in the polishing liquid.
- the polishing liquid according to the present embodiment contains abrasive grains.
- Abrasive grains are also referred to as “abrasive particles”, but are referred to herein as “abrasive grains”.
- Abrasive grains are generally solid particles, and are removed by mechanical action (physical action) of abrasive grains and chemical action of abrasive grains (mainly the surface of the abrasive grains) during polishing. Although it is considered that an object is removed, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the polishing liquid according to this embodiment is, for example, a polishing liquid for CMP.
- the polishing liquid according to this embodiment contains abrasive grains, a hydroxy acid, a polyol, at least one zwitterionic compound selected from the group consisting of aminocarboxylic acid and aminosulfonic acid, and a liquid medium,
- the zeta potential of the abrasive grains is positive, the isoelectric point of aminocarboxylic acid is smaller than 7.0, and the pKa of aminosulfonic acid is larger than zero.
- the polishing liquid according to the present embodiment can suppress excessive dishing when the insulating material is polished using the stopper. Further, according to the polishing liquid according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing, and it is easy to remove the stopper when the stopper is removed by etching or the like after overpolishing.
- the hydroxy acid has an effect of easily suppressing an excessive increase in the polishing rate of the stopper material. Further, by using hydroxy acid, it is easy to obtain high flatness by suppressing polishing of the insulating material after the exposure of the stopper. For these reasons, the functional group of the hydroxy acid (carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, etc.) is adsorbed on the insulating material and the stopper to coat these materials to be polished, so that the progress of polishing by the abrasive grains is alleviated and the polishing rate is increased. It is presumed that the excessive increase is likely to be suppressed.
- the polyol is presumed to have a function of forming a protective layer on the insulating material and easily allowing the insulating material to be polished at an appropriate speed. Moreover, by using a polyol, it is easy to obtain high flatness by suppressing polishing of the insulating material after the stopper is exposed. For these reasons, it is presumed that when the hydrophilic part of the polyol is adsorbed and coated on the insulating material, the progress of the polishing by the abrasive grains is alleviated and the polishing rate is easily increased.
- Zwitterionic compounds such as aminocarboxylic acid and aminosulfonic acid have a cation part (for example, amino group) and an anion part (for example, carboxyl group and sulfonic acid group) in the same molecule.
- This zwitterionic compound can adhere to the surface to be polished (that is, the surface of the insulating material and the surface of the stopper), particularly during overpolishing.
- the anion portion adheres to the surface to be polished, and the cation portion faces outward with respect to the surface to be polished.
- the surface to be polished to which the zwitterionic compound is attached is positively charged, the surface to be polished repels abrasive grains having a positive zeta potential.
- the polishing liquid according to the present embodiment contains abrasive grains having a positive zeta potential in the polishing liquid.
- Abrasive grains are made of cerium oxide (for example, ceria (cerium (IV) oxide)), silica, alumina, zirconia, yttria, and hydroxides of tetravalent metal elements from the viewpoint of easily polishing an insulating material at a high polishing rate.
- cerium oxide for example, ceria (cerium (IV) oxide)
- silica silica
- alumina alumina
- zirconia zirconia
- yttria yttria
- hydroxides of tetravalent metal elements from the viewpoint of easily polishing an insulating material at a high polishing rate.
- at least one selected from the group consisting of cerium oxide is included.
- An abrasive can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the “tetravalent metal element hydroxide” is a compound containing a tetravalent metal (M 4+ ) and at least one hydroxide ion (OH ⁇ ).
- the hydroxide of the tetravalent metal element may contain anions other than hydroxide ions (for example, nitrate ions NO 3 ⁇ and sulfate ions SO 4 2 ⁇ ).
- a hydroxide of a tetravalent metal element may include an anion (for example, nitrate ion NO 3 ⁇ and sulfate ion SO 4 2 ⁇ ) bonded to the tetravalent metal element.
- a hydroxide of a tetravalent metal element can be produced by reacting a salt (metal salt) of a tetravalent metal element with an alkali source (base).
- the tetravalent metal element hydroxide preferably contains cerium hydroxide (tetravalent cerium hydroxide) from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- Cerium hydroxide can be produced by reacting a cerium salt with an alkali source (base).
- the cerium hydroxide is preferably prepared by mixing a cerium salt and an alkaline solution (for example, an alkaline aqueous solution). Thereby, particles having a very small particle diameter can be obtained, and an excellent polishing scratch reduction effect can be easily obtained.
- Cerium hydroxide can be obtained by mixing a cerium salt solution (for example, a cerium salt aqueous solution) and an alkali solution. Examples of the cerium salt include Ce (NO 3 ) 4 , Ce (SO 4 ) 2 , Ce (NH 4 ) 2 (NO 3 ) 6 , Ce (NH 4 ) 4 (SO 4 ) 4 and the like.
- Ce (OH) a X b electron-withdrawing anions (X c ⁇ ) act to improve the reactivity of hydroxide ions, and the abundance of Ce (OH) a X b increases. It is considered that the polishing rate is improved with this.
- Examples of the anion (X c ⁇ ) include NO 3 ⁇ and SO 4 2 ⁇ . It is considered that the particles containing cerium hydroxide can contain not only Ce (OH) a X b but also Ce (OH) 4 , CeO 2 and the like.
- the particles containing cerium hydroxide contain Ce (OH) a Xb after the particles are thoroughly washed with pure water and then subjected to FT-IR ATR method (Fourier transformed Infrared Spectrometer Total Reflection method, Fourier transform infrared) This can be confirmed by a method of detecting a peak corresponding to an anion (X c ⁇ ) by a spectrophotometer total reflection measurement method). The presence of an anion (X c ⁇ ) can also be confirmed by XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy).
- the lower limit of the content of cerium oxide is based on the whole abrasive grains (the whole abrasive grains contained in the polishing liquid; the same applies hereinafter) from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the lower limit of the average particle size of the abrasive grains in the slurry in the polishing liquid or the polishing liquid set described below is preferably 16 nm or more, more preferably 20 nm or more, and more preferably 30 nm or more. More preferably, 40 nm or more is particularly preferable, 50 nm or more is very preferable, 100 nm or more is very preferable, 120 nm or more is more preferable, 150 nm or more is more preferable, and 155 nm or more is still more preferable.
- the upper limit of the average grain size of the abrasive grains is preferably 1050 nm or less, more preferably 1000 nm or less, still more preferably 800 nm or less, particularly preferably 600 nm or less, and particularly preferably 500 nm or less, from the viewpoint of easily suppressing scratches on the surface to be polished.
- 400 nm or less is very preferable, 300 nm or less is still more preferable, 200 nm or less is more preferable, and 160 nm or less is still more preferable.
- the average particle size of the abrasive grains is more preferably 16 to 1050 nm, and further preferably 20 to 1000 nm.
- the “average particle diameter” of the abrasive grains means the average secondary particle diameter of the abrasive grains.
- the average particle diameter of the abrasive grains is a volume average particle diameter, and a light diffraction scattering type particle size distribution meter (for example, a product manufactured by Microtrack Bell Co., Ltd.) is used for a polishing liquid or a slurry in a polishing liquid set described later. Name: Microtrack MT3300EXII).
- the zeta potential (surface potential) of the abrasive grains in the polishing liquid is positive from the viewpoint of suppressing excessive dishing and suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing (the zeta potential exceeds 0 mV). ).
- the lower limit of the zeta potential of the abrasive grains is preferably 10 mV or more, more preferably 20 mV or more, and more preferably 25 mV or more from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. More preferably, 30 mV or more is particularly preferable, 40 mV or more is very preferable, and 50 mV or more is very preferable.
- the upper limit of the zeta potential of the abrasive grains is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 mV or less. From these viewpoints, the zeta potential of the abrasive grains is more preferably 10 to 200 mV.
- the zeta potential of the abrasive grains can be measured using, for example, a dynamic light scattering type zeta potential measuring device (for example, trade name: DelsaNano C, manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc.).
- the zeta potential of the abrasive can be adjusted using an additive. For example, by bringing a monocarboxylic acid (for example, acetic acid) into contact with abrasive grains containing cerium oxide, abrasive grains having a positive zeta potential can be obtained.
- a monocarboxylic acid for example, acetic acid
- the abrasive grain which has a negative zeta potential can be obtained by making the material (for example, polyacrylic acid) which has ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, a carboxyl group, etc. with the abrasive grain containing a cerium oxide.
- the lower limit of the abrasive content is preferably 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid, from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- 0.02% by mass or more is more preferable, 0.03% by mass or more is particularly preferable, 0.04% by mass or more is very preferable, 0.05% by mass or more is very preferable, and 0.07% by mass or more is even more preferable.
- 0.1% by mass or more is more preferable, 0.12% by mass or more is further preferable, 0.13% by mass or more is particularly preferable, 0.14% by mass or more is very preferable, and 0.15% by mass or more is very high.
- the upper limit of the abrasive content is preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 15% by mass or less, and more preferably 10% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing liquid from the viewpoint of easily obtaining excellent abrasive dispersion stability.
- the following is more preferable, 5% by mass or less is particularly preferable, 4% by mass or less is very preferable, 3% by mass or less is very preferable, 1% by mass or less is more preferable, 0.5% by mass or less is more preferable, 0 Is more preferably 3% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.2% by mass or less.
- the content of the abrasive grains is more preferably 0.005 to 20% by mass, and still more preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing liquid.
- the abrasive grains may include composite particles composed of a plurality of particles in contact with each other.
- the abrasive grains may include composite particles including first particles and second particles in contact with the first particles, and the composite particles and free particles (eg, contact with the first particles). Second particles).
- the abrasive includes first particles and second particles in contact with the first particles, and the particle size of the second particles is larger than the particle size of the first particles. It is preferable that the first particles contain cerium oxide and the second particles contain a cerium compound. By using such abrasive grains, it is easy to improve the polishing rate of the insulating material (for example, silicon oxide). As the reason why the polishing rate of the insulating material is improved as described above, for example, the following reasons can be given. However, the reason is not limited to the following.
- the first particles containing cerium oxide and having a larger particle size than the second particles have a stronger mechanical action (mechanical property) on the insulating material than the second particles.
- the second particle containing a cerium compound and having a smaller particle size than the first particle has a smaller mechanical action on the insulating material than the first particle, but the specific surface area of the entire particle. Since (surface area per unit mass) is large, the chemical action (chemical property) on the insulating material is strong. Thus, a synergistic effect of improving the polishing rate can be easily obtained by using the first particles having a strong mechanical action and the second particles having a strong chemical action in combination.
- cerium compound of the second particles examples include cerium hydroxide and cerium oxide.
- cerium compound of the second particles a compound different from cerium oxide can be used.
- the cerium compound preferably contains cerium hydroxide from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the particle size of the second particles is preferably smaller than the particle size of the first particles.
- the magnitude relationship between the particle sizes of the first particles and the second particles can be determined from the SEM image of the composite particles.
- particles having a small particle size have a high reaction activity because they have a larger surface area per unit mass than particles having a large particle size.
- the mechanical action (mechanical polishing force) of particles having a small particle size is smaller than that of particles having a large particle size.
- even when the particle size of the second particle is smaller than the particle size of the first particle, it is possible to express the synergistic effect of the first particle and the second particle. Yes, it is possible to easily achieve both excellent reaction activity and mechanical action.
- the lower limit of the particle size of the first particles is preferably 15 nm or more, more preferably 25 nm or more, further preferably 35 nm or more, particularly preferably 40 nm or more, and particularly preferably 50 nm or more from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the upper limit of the particle size of the first particles is preferably 1000 nm or less, more preferably 800 nm or less, from the viewpoint that the dispersibility of the abrasive grains is easily improved and the viewpoint that the surface to be polished is easily suppressed from being damaged.
- the particle size of the first particles is more preferably 15 to 1000 nm.
- the above-mentioned range may be sufficient as the average particle diameter (average secondary particle diameter) of 1st particle
- the lower limit of the particle size of the second particles is preferably 1 nm or more, more preferably 2 nm or more, and further preferably 3 nm or more from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the upper limit of the particle size of the second particles is preferably 50 nm or less, more preferably 30 nm or less, from the viewpoint that the dispersibility of the abrasive grains is easily improved and the viewpoint that the surface to be polished is easily suppressed from being scratched. 25 nm or less is more preferable, 20 nm or less is particularly preferable, 15 nm or less is extremely preferable, and 10 nm or less is very preferable. From these viewpoints, the particle size of the second particles is more preferably 1 to 50 nm. The above-mentioned range may be sufficient as the average particle diameter (average secondary particle diameter) of a 2nd particle.
- the first particle can have a negative zeta potential.
- the second particle can have a positive zeta potential.
- an aqueous dispersion (a mixture of abrasive grains and water) in which the content of the abrasive grains is adjusted to 1.0% by mass is centrifuged at 5.8. It is preferable to give a liquid phase (supernatant liquid) whose absorbance with respect to light having a wavelength of 380 nm exceeds 0 when centrifuged at ⁇ 10 4 G for 5 minutes. In this case, it is easy to improve the polishing rate of the insulating material (for example, silicon oxide).
- the insulating material for example, silicon oxide
- the reason is not limited to the following. That is, when the absorbance with respect to light having a wavelength of 380 nm in the liquid phase obtained by centrifuging the aqueous dispersion exceeds 0, in such centrifugation, the composite particles are easily selectively removed, and the free particles are separated from the solid content.
- the abrasive grains contain free particles in addition to the composite particles. Since the free particles have a smaller particle size than the composite particles, the diffusion rate is high, and the free particles are preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the insulating material to cover the surface.
- the composite particles not only act directly on the insulating material, but also act on the free particles adsorbed on the insulating material and can indirectly act on the insulating material (for example, adsorbing on the insulating material). Physical action can be transferred to the insulating material via the free particles). It is assumed that this makes it easier to improve the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the above-mentioned absorbance with respect to light having a wavelength of 380 nm is preferably in the following range.
- the lower limit of the absorbance is preferably 0.001 or more, more preferably 0.0015 or more, and further preferably 0.002 or more from the viewpoint of further improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the upper limit of the absorbance is preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.4 or less, still more preferably 0.3 or less, and particularly preferably 0.25 or less, from the viewpoint of further improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the absorbance is more preferably greater than 0 and not greater than 0.5.
- the absorbance can be adjusted by adjusting the content of free particles in the abrasive grains. For example, increasing the surface area of the first particle that is in contact with the second particle, adjusting the dispersion state to be insufficient when the first particle is brought into contact with the second particle (decreasing the dispersion time)
- the absorbance can be reduced by reducing the number of rotations in stirring the liquid containing the first particles and the second particles, weakening the electrostatic repulsive force generated between the particles, or the like.
- abrasive grains having an absorbance of 0 with respect to the above-described light having a wavelength of 380 nm may be used.
- Such abrasive grains can be obtained by removing free particles by centrifugation.
- Abrasive grains are prepared from an aqueous dispersion (a mixture of abrasive grains and water) in which the content of the abrasive grains is adjusted to 1.0 mass% from the viewpoint of further improving the polishing rate of an insulating material (for example, silicon oxide).
- an insulating material for example, silicon oxide.
- the lower limit of the light transmittance is preferably 50% / cm or more, more preferably 60% / cm or more, further preferably 70% / cm or more, particularly preferably 80% / cm or more, and extremely 90% / cm or more. Preferably, 92% / cm or more is very preferable.
- the upper limit of the light transmittance is 100% / cm.
- the composite particle including the first particle and the second particle is obtained by bringing the first particle and the second particle into contact with each other using a homogenizer, a nanomizer, a ball mill, a bead mill, a sonicator, or the like, and mutually opposite charges. It can be obtained by contacting the first particles having the second particles with the second particles, contacting the first particles with the second particles in a state where the content of the particles is small, and the like.
- the lower limit of the content of the cerium oxide in the first particle is the entire first particle (the entire first particle contained in the polishing liquid; the same applies hereinafter) from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- 50 mass% or more is preferable, 70 mass% or more is more preferable, 90 mass% or more is further preferable, and 95 mass% or more is particularly preferable.
- the first particle may be in an aspect substantially composed of cerium oxide (an aspect in which 100% by mass of the first particle is substantially cerium oxide).
- the lower limit of the content of the cerium compound in the second particle is based on the entire second particle (the entire second particle contained in the polishing liquid; the same applies hereinafter) from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material. 50 mass% or more is preferable, 70 mass% or more is more preferable, 90 mass% or more is further more preferable, and 95 mass% or more is especially preferable.
- the second particle may be in an aspect substantially composed of a cerium compound (an aspect in which 100% by mass of the second particle is substantially a cerium compound).
- the content of the first particles in the abrasive grains containing composite particles is preferably in the following range based on the entire abrasive grains.
- the lower limit of the content of the first particles is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably more than 50% by mass, still more preferably 60% by mass or more, and 70% by mass from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- % Or more is particularly preferable, 75% by weight or more is very preferable, 80% by weight or more is very preferable, 85% by weight or more is even more preferable, and 90% by weight or more is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the content of the first particles is preferably 95% by mass or less, more preferably 93% by mass or less, and still more preferably 91% by mass or less from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material. From these viewpoints, the content of the first particles is more preferably 50 to 95% by mass.
- the content of the second particles in the abrasive grains containing composite particles is preferably in the following range based on the entire abrasive grains.
- the lower limit of the content of the second particles is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 7% by mass or more, and still more preferably 9% by mass or more from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the upper limit of the content of the second particles is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably less than 50% by mass, still more preferably 40% by mass or less, and further preferably 30% by mass or less from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the content of the second particles is more preferably 5 to 50% by mass.
- the content of cerium oxide in the abrasive grains containing composite particles is preferably in the following range based on the entire abrasive grains.
- the lower limit of the cerium oxide content is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably more than 50% by mass, still more preferably 60% by mass or more, and 70% by mass from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the above is particularly preferable, 75% by mass or more is very preferable, 80% by mass or more is very preferable, 85% by mass or more is more preferable, and 90% by mass or more is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the cerium oxide content is preferably 95% by mass or less, more preferably 93% by mass or less, and still more preferably 91% by mass or less from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material. From these viewpoints, the content of cerium oxide is more preferably 50 to 95% by mass.
- the content of cerium hydroxide in the abrasive grains containing composite particles is preferably in the following range based on the entire abrasive grains.
- the lower limit of the cerium hydroxide content is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 7% by mass or more, and still more preferably 9% by mass or more from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the upper limit of the cerium hydroxide content is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably less than 50% by mass, still more preferably 40% by mass or less, and further preferably 30% by mass or less from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- cerium hydroxide is more preferably 5 to 50% by mass.
- the content of the first particles is preferably in the following range based on the total amount of the first particles and the second particles.
- the lower limit of the content of the first particles is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably more than 50% by mass, still more preferably 60% by mass or more, and 70% by mass from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material. % Or more is particularly preferable, 75% by weight or more is very preferable, 80% by weight or more is very preferable, 85% by weight or more is even more preferable, and 90% by weight or more is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the content of the first particles is preferably 95% by mass or less, more preferably 93% by mass or less, and still more preferably 91% by mass or less from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material. From these viewpoints, the content of the first particles is more preferably 50 to 95% by mass.
- the content of the second particles is preferably in the following range based on the total amount of the first particles and the second particles.
- the lower limit of the content of the second particles is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 7% by mass or more, and still more preferably 9% by mass or more from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the upper limit of the content of the second particles is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably less than 50% by mass, still more preferably 40% by mass or less, and further preferably 30% by mass or less from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the content of the second particles is more preferably 5 to 50% by mass.
- the content of the first particles in the polishing liquid is preferably in the following range based on the total mass of the polishing liquid.
- the lower limit of the content of the first particles is preferably 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.008% by mass or more, and further preferably 0.01% by mass or more from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- 0.05 mass% or more is particularly preferable, 0.08 mass% or more is very preferable, 0.1 mass% or more is very preferable, and 0.15 mass% or more is even more preferable.
- the upper limit of the content of the first particles is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less, still more preferably 1% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the storage stability of the polishing liquid. Mass% or less is particularly preferred, 0.3 mass% or less is extremely preferred, and 0.2 mass% or less is very preferred. From these viewpoints, the content of the first particles is more preferably 0.005 to 5% by mass.
- the content of the second particles in the polishing liquid is preferably in the following range based on the total mass of the polishing liquid.
- the lower limit of the content of the second particles is preferably 0.005% by mass or more from the viewpoint of further improving the chemical interaction between the abrasive grains and the surface to be polished and improving the polishing rate of the insulating material, 0.008 mass% or more is more preferable, 0.01 mass% or more is still more preferable, 0.012 mass% or more is especially preferable, and 0.015 mass% or more is very preferable.
- the upper limit of the content of the second particles makes it easy to avoid agglomeration of the abrasive grains, and further improves the chemical interaction between the abrasive grains and the surface to be polished, thereby effectively utilizing the characteristics of the abrasive grains.
- 5% by mass or less is preferable, 3% by mass or less is more preferable, 1% by mass or less is more preferable, 0.5% by mass or less is particularly preferable, 0.1% by mass or less is extremely preferable, 05 mass% or less is very preferable, 0.04 mass% or less is still more preferable, 0.035 mass% or less is more preferable, 0.03 mass% or less is further more preferable, and 0.02 mass% or less is especially preferable.
- the content of the second particles is more preferably 0.005 to 5% by mass.
- the content of cerium oxide in the polishing liquid containing abrasive grains including composite particles is preferably in the following range based on the total mass of the polishing liquid.
- the lower limit of the cerium oxide content is preferably 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.008% by mass or more, and still more preferably 0.01% by mass or more from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the insulating material.
- 0.05 mass% or more is particularly preferable, 0.08 mass% or more is very preferable, 0.1 mass% or more is very preferable, and 0.15 mass or more is even more preferable.
- the upper limit of the cerium oxide content is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less, still more preferably 1% by mass or less, and 0.5% by mass from the viewpoint of easily increasing the storage stability of the polishing liquid. % Or less is particularly preferable, 0.3% by mass or less is extremely preferable, and 0.2% by mass or less is very preferable. From these viewpoints, the content of the cerium oxide is more preferably 0.005 to 5% by mass.
- the content of cerium hydroxide in the polishing liquid containing abrasive grains including composite particles is preferably in the following range based on the total mass of the polishing liquid.
- the lower limit of the content of cerium hydroxide is preferably 0.005% by mass or more from the viewpoint of further improving the chemical interaction between the abrasive grains and the surface to be polished and improving the polishing rate of the insulating material, 0.008 mass% or more is more preferable, 0.01 mass% or more is still more preferable, 0.012 mass% or more is especially preferable, and 0.015 mass% or more is very preferable.
- the upper limit of the content of cerium hydroxide makes it easier to avoid agglomeration of the abrasive grains, and further improves the chemical interaction between the abrasive grains and the surface to be polished, effectively utilizing the characteristics of the abrasive grains.
- it is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less, still more preferably 1% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.5% by mass or less, extremely preferably 0.1% by mass or less, 05 mass% or less is very preferable, 0.04 mass% or less is still more preferable, 0.035 mass% or less is more preferable, 0.03 mass% or less is further more preferable, and 0.02 mass% or less is especially preferable.
- the content of cerium hydroxide is more preferably 0.005 to 5% by mass.
- the polishing liquid according to this embodiment contains an additive.
- the “additive” refers to a substance contained in the polishing liquid in addition to the abrasive grains and the liquid medium.
- the polishing liquid according to the present embodiment contains a hydroxy acid (excluding a compound corresponding to aminocarboxylic acid or aminosulfonic acid). Hydroxy acids have at least one carboxyl group and at least one hydroxyl group. “Hydroxyl group” does not include “—OH” in a carboxyl group.
- the “hydroxyl group” may be either an alcoholic hydroxyl group or a phenolic hydroxyl group. The hydroxy acid may not have a phenolic hydroxyl group.
- Hydroxy acids have one carboxyl group and 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups (for example, alcoholic hydroxyl groups) from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. It is preferable to have.
- the number of hydroxyl groups in the hydroxy acid is preferably 1 to 2 and more preferably 2 from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing.
- the hydroxy acid preferably contains a compound having a quaternary carbon atom from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing.
- the hydroxy acid preferably contains a compound having a plurality of (for example, two) hydroxyalkyl groups (for example, a hydroxymethyl group) from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing, and a plurality of (for example, two) hydroxyalkyl groups (for example, two)
- a compound having a carbon atom to which, for example, a hydroxymethyl group is bonded it is more preferable to include a compound having a carbon atom to which, for example, a hydroxymethyl group is bonded.
- Hydroxy acids include glycolic acid, glyceric acid, lactic acid (eg, DL-lactic acid), 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid, 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) butyric acid, N, N-bis (2- Hydroxyethyl) glycine, N- [2-hydroxy-1,1-bis (hydroxymethyl) ethyl] glycine, bicine, tricine, glucuronic acid, gluconic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and the like. Hydroxy acids are 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid and 2,2-bis (hydroxy) from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. It preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of (methyl) butyric acid, and more preferably contains 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) butyric acid.
- a hydroxy acid can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the lower limit of the hydroxy acid content is 0.01% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing liquid from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing.
- the above is preferable, 0.03% by mass or more is more preferable, 0.05% by mass or more is further preferable, 0.08% by mass or more is particularly preferable, and 0.1% by mass or more is extremely preferable.
- the upper limit of the content of hydroxy acid is preferably 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.8% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining an appropriate polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the content of the hydroxy acid is more preferably 0.01 to 1.0% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing liquid.
- the polishing liquid according to this embodiment contains a polyol (excluding a compound corresponding to hydroxy acid, aminocarboxylic acid, or aminosulfonic acid).
- a polyol is a compound having two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule.
- Polyols include polyglycerin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyalkylene glycol (polyethylene glycol, etc.), polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene sorbitol ether (polyoxypropylene sorbitol ether, etc.), polyoxyalkylene condensate of ethylenediamine (ethylenediamine tetrapolyoxy) Ethylene polyoxypropylene), 2,2-bis (4-polyoxyalkylene-oxyphenyl) propane, polyoxyalkylene glyceryl ether, polyoxyalkylene diglyceryl ether, polyoxyalkylene trimethylol propane ether (polyoxyethylene trimethylol propane ether) Propane ether, etc.), pentaerythritol polyoxyalkylene ether (pentaerythritol) Le polyoxypropylene ether), such as polyoxyalkylene methyl glucoside and the like.
- the polyol may contain a polyol having
- the polyol preferably contains a polyether polyol (polyol having a polyether structure) from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing.
- the polyether polyol preferably has a polyoxyalkylene group.
- the carbon number of oxyalkylene in the polyoxyalkylene group of the polyol is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining excellent abrasive dispersion stability.
- the number of carbon atoms of oxyalkylene in the polyoxyalkylene group is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 4 or less, and even more preferably 3 or less from the viewpoint of easily obtaining excellent abrasive dispersion stability. From these viewpoints, the carbon number is more preferably 1 to 5.
- the polyoxyalkylene group may be a homopolymer chain or a copolymer chain.
- the copolymer chain may be a block polymer chain or a random polymer chain.
- Polyols are polyoxyalkylene trimethylolpropane ether, pentaerythritol polyoxyalkylene ether, and polyalkylene glycol from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. It is preferable to include at least one selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene trimethylolpropane ether, pentaerythritol polyoxyethylene ether, and more preferable to include at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol. More preferably, it contains at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene trimethylolpropane ether and polyethylene glycol.
- the polyol preferably satisfies at least one of the following characteristics from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing.
- the polyol preferably contains a compound different from the ⁇ -glucose polymer.
- the polyol preferably contains a compound having no structural unit derived from ⁇ -glucose.
- the polyol preferably contains a compound having no cyclic structure (six-membered ring, five-membered ring, etc.). It is preferable that a polyol contains the compound which does not have a glucooxide bond.
- the polyol preferably includes a compound having a hydroxyl group bonded to a primary carbon atom, and more preferably includes a compound having only a hydroxyl group bonded to a primary carbon atom as the hydroxyl group.
- the polyol preferably contains a compound having no hydroxyl group bonded to a secondary carbon atom.
- the polyol preferably contains a compound not having a plurality of structural units having a hydroxyl group.
- the polyol preferably contains a compound having a number of hydroxyl groups within the following range.
- the lower limit of the number of hydroxyl groups is preferably 2 or more and more preferably 3 or more from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing.
- the upper limit of the number of hydroxyl groups is preferably 6 or less, more preferably 5 or less, and even more preferably 4 or less, from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing. From these viewpoints, the number of hydroxyl groups is more preferably 2-6.
- the lower limit of the molecular weight of the polyol is preferably 100 or more, more preferably 200 or more, still more preferably 300 or more, and particularly preferably 330 or more, from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing.
- the upper limit of the molecular weight of the polyol is preferably 500000 or less, more preferably 100000 or less, still more preferably 80000 or less, particularly preferably 50000 or less, and most preferably 30000 or less, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining an appropriate polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the molecular weight of the polyol is more preferably from 100 to 500,000, further preferably from 100 to 20000, and particularly preferably from 100 to 5000.
- the molecular weight of the polyol may be a weight average molecular weight.
- the weight average molecular weight of the compound having a hydroxyl group and a polyoxyalkylene group may exceed 1000, 2000 or more, 3000 or more, or 4000 or more.
- the weight average molecular weight can be measured, for example, under the following conditions by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a standard polystyrene calibration curve.
- the lower limit of the hydroxyl value of the polyol is preferably 1 mgKOH / g or more, more preferably 3 mgKOH / g or more, further preferably 5 mgKOH / g or more, particularly preferably 10 mgKOH / g or more, and 15 mgKOH from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing. / G or more is very preferable.
- the upper limit of the hydroxyl value of the polyol is preferably 1000 mgKOH / g or less, more preferably 800 mgKOH / g or less, further preferably 750 mgKOH / g or less, and particularly preferably 700 mgKOH / g or less, from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing. From these viewpoints, the hydroxyl value of the polyol is more preferably 1 to 700 mgKOH / g.
- the lower limit of the polyol content is 0.05% by mass or more based on the total mass of the polishing liquid from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. Is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.2% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.3% by mass or more, and extremely preferably 0.4% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the polyol content is preferably 5.0% by mass or less, more preferably 3.0% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining an appropriate polishing rate of the insulating material. 0.0 mass% or less is more preferable, and 1.0 mass% or less is particularly preferable. 0.5 mass% or less is very preferable. From these viewpoints, the polyol content is more preferably 0.05 to 5.0% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing liquid.
- the polishing liquid according to this embodiment contains at least one zwitterionic compound selected from the group consisting of aminocarboxylic acids and aminosulfonic acids.
- a compound corresponding to aminosulfonic acid shall not belong to aminocarboxylic acid.
- Each of aminocarboxylic acid and aminosulfonic acid can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the molecular weight of the zwitterionic compound is preferably 300 or less, more preferably 250 or less, still more preferably 200 or less, and particularly preferably 180 or less, from the viewpoint of easily preventing the insulating material from being excessively covered with the zwitterionic compound. Preferably, 175 or less is very preferable.
- the molecular weight of the zwitterionic compound may be 170 or less, 150 or less, 130 or less, 120 or less, or 100 or less.
- the molecular weight of the zwitterionic compound may be 50 or more, may be 60 or more, and may be 70 or more.
- the molecular weight of the zwitterionic compound may be 50-300.
- the isoelectric point (pI) of aminocarboxylic acid is smaller than 7.0 from the viewpoint of suppressing excessive dishing and suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing.
- the upper limit of the isoelectric point of the aminocarboxylic acid is preferably 6.8 or less, and preferably 6.5 or less, from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. More preferably, it is more preferably 6.3 or less, and particularly preferably 6.0 or less.
- the upper limit of the isoelectric point of aminocarboxylic acid is 5.9 or less, 5.8 or less, 5.7 or less, 5.65 or less, 5.6 or less, 5.5 or less, 5.0 or less, 4.5 or less It may be 4.0 or less, or 3.5 or less.
- the lower limit of the isoelectric point of the aminocarboxylic acid may be 2.0 or more, 2.5 or more, or 3.0 or more.
- the isoelectric point of the aminocarboxylic acid may be 2.0 or more and less than 7.0.
- the isoelectric point of aminocarboxylic acid can be measured with a potentiometer (for example, “Hiranuma Automatic Titrator COM-1750 Series” manufactured by Hiranuma Sangyo Co., Ltd.) according to JIS K 0113.
- a potentiometer for example, “Hiranuma Automatic Titrator COM-1750 Series” manufactured by Hiranuma Sangyo Co., Ltd.
- the lower limit of the acid dissociation constant of aminocarboxylic acid (pKa, negative common logarithm of the equilibrium constant Ka (logarithm of the reciprocal number)) may be a value greater than 0, 1.0 or more, 1.5 or more, 2.0 As described above, it may be 2.1 or more, or 2.3 or more.
- the upper limit of the acid dissociation constant of the aminocarboxylic acid may be 8.0 or less, 7.0 or less, 5.0 or less, 4.0 or less, or 3.0 or less.
- the acid dissociation constant means the first-stage pKa1 (the same applies hereinafter).
- the aminocarboxylic acid has an amino group as a cation part and a carboxyl group as an anion part.
- the aminocarboxylic acid may be at least one selected from the group consisting of neutral aminocarboxylic acids and acidic aminocarboxylic acids.
- Neutral amino acids include aliphatic amino acids such as glycine, alanine, valine, leucine and isoleucine; oxyamino acids such as serine and threonine; sulfur-containing amino acids such as cysteine, cystine and methionine; aromatic amino acids such as phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan
- An acetic acid amino acid amide such as asparagine and glutamine
- Examples of acidic amino acids include aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
- the aminocarboxylic acid is at least selected from the group consisting of glycine, serine, cysteine, glutamine, and glutamic acid from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. It is preferable to include one kind.
- the lower limit of the aminocarboxylic acid content is determined from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. Is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.02% by mass or more, still more preferably more than 0.02% by mass, particularly preferably 0.03% by mass or more. 05 mass% or more is very preferable, 0.08 mass% or more is very preferable, and 0.1 mass% or more is still more preferable.
- the upper limit of the aminocarboxylic acid content is preferably 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.8% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining an appropriate polishing rate of the insulating material.
- 0.5 mass% or less is further preferable, 0.4 mass% or less is particularly preferable, 0.3 mass% or less is extremely preferable, and 0.2 mass% or less is very preferable.
- the content of aminocarboxylic acid is more preferably 0.01 to 1.0% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing liquid.
- Aminosulfonic acid has an amino group as a cation part and has a sulfonic acid group as an anion part.
- the aminosulfonic acid include sulfamic acid, aliphatic aminosulfonic acid, aromatic aminosulfonic acid and the like.
- aliphatic aminosulfonic acid examples include aminomethanesulfonic acid, aminoethanesulfonic acid (for example, 1-aminoethanesulfonic acid and 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (also called taurine)), aminopropanesulfonic acid (for example, 1-aminoethanesulfonic acid). Aminopropane-2-sulfonic acid, 2-aminopropane-1-sulfonic acid) and the like.
- the aliphatic aminosulfonic acid preferably contains aminoethanesulfonic acid from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing.
- Aromatic aminosulfonic acid is defined as an aromatic compound having an amino group and a sulfonic acid group (preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon).
- Aromatic amino sulfonic acids include amino benzene sulfonic acids (eg, alteranilic acid (also known as 2-aminobenzene sulfonic acid), methanyl acid (also known as 3-aminobenzene sulfonic acid), and sulfanilic acid (also known as 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid).
- diaminobenzenesulfonic acid for example, 2,4-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid and 3,4-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid
- aminonaphthalenesulfonic acid and the like.
- the aromatic aminosulfonic acid preferably contains sulfanilic acid from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing.
- the pKa of aminosulfonic acid is larger than 0 from the viewpoint of suppressing excessive dishing and suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing.
- the lower limit of pKa of aminosulfonic acid is preferably 0.2 or more, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining an appropriate polishing rate of the insulating material, and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. Is more preferable, 0.7 or more is further preferable, and 0.9 or more is particularly preferable.
- the lower limit of the pKa of aminosulfonic acid is preferably 5.0 or less, more preferably 4.0 or less, from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing.
- the pKa of aminosulfonic acid is more preferably greater than 0 and not greater than 5.0.
- the lower limit of the pKa of aminosulfonic acid may be 3.0 or less, 2.5 or less, 2.0 or less, 1.5 or less, 1.2 or less, or 1.0 or less.
- Aminosulfonic acid consists of sulfamic acid, aliphatic aminosulfonic acid, and aromatic aminosulfonic acid from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. It is preferable to include at least one selected from the group, more preferable to include at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfamic acid and aromatic aminosulfonic acid, and still more preferable to include sulfamic acid.
- the lower limit of the content of aminosulfonic acid is from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. Is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.03% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.08% by mass or more, and 0.1% by mass. % Or more is very preferable.
- the upper limit of the content of aminosulfonic acid is preferably 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.8% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining an appropriate polishing rate of the insulating material.
- the content of aminosulfonic acid is more preferably 0.01 to 1.0% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing liquid.
- the content of the zwitterionic compound (total amount of aminocarboxylic acid and aminosulfonic acid) is preferably in the following range based on the total mass of the polishing liquid.
- the lower limit of the content of the zwitterionic compound is preferably 0.01% by mass or more from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive dishing and from the viewpoint of easily suppressing excessive polishing of the stopper during overpolishing. More preferably, it is more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.08% by mass or more, and extremely preferably 0.1% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the content of the zwitterionic compound is preferably 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.8% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or less from the viewpoint of easily obtaining an appropriate polishing rate of the insulating material. More preferably, 0.4% by mass or less is particularly preferable, 0.3% by mass or less is extremely preferable, and 0.2% by mass or less is very preferable. From these viewpoints, the content of the zwitterionic compound is more preferably 0.01 to 1.0% by mass.
- the polishing liquid according to this embodiment may contain any additive (except for compounds corresponding to hydroxy acid, polyol, aminocarboxylic acid or aminosulfonic acid).
- optional additives include water-soluble polymers, oxidizing agents (for example, hydrogen peroxide), dispersing agents (for example, phosphoric acid inorganic salts), and the like.
- Water-soluble polymer is defined as a polymer that dissolves 0.1 g or more in 100 g of water.
- water-soluble polymers examples include polyacrylic acid polymers such as polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid copolymers, polyacrylic acid salts, and polyacrylic acid copolymer salts; polymethacrylic acid such as polymethacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid salts. Examples include acid polymers.
- the liquid medium in the polishing liquid according to this embodiment is not particularly limited, but water such as deionized water or ultrapure water is preferable.
- the content of the liquid medium may be the remainder of the polishing liquid excluding the content of other components and is not particularly limited.
- the lower limit of the pH of the polishing liquid according to the present embodiment is preferably 2.0 or more, more preferably 2.2 or more, still more preferably 2.5 or more, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining excellent abrasive dispersion stability. 3.0 or more is particularly preferable, 3.1 or more is very preferable, and 3.3 or more is very preferable.
- the upper limit of pH is preferably 6.0 or less, more preferably less than 6.0, further preferably 5.5 or less, particularly preferably 5.0 or less, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining excellent abrasive dispersion stability.
- the pH of the polishing liquid is more preferably 2.0 to 6.0, and further preferably 2.0 to 4.5.
- the pH of the polishing liquid is defined as the pH at a liquid temperature of 25 ° C.
- the pH of the polishing liquid can be adjusted by an acid component such as an inorganic acid or an organic acid; an alkali component such as ammonia, sodium hydroxide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), imidazole, or alkanolamine.
- a buffer may be added to stabilize the pH.
- a buffer may be added as a buffer (a solution containing a buffer). Examples of such a buffer include acetate buffer and phthalate buffer.
- the pH of the polishing liquid according to this embodiment can be measured with a pH meter (for example, model number PHL-40 manufactured by Toa DKK Corporation). Specifically, for example, after calibrating two pH meters using a phthalate pH buffer solution (pH: 4.01) and a neutral phosphate pH buffer solution (pH: 6.86) as standard buffers, Then, the pH meter electrode is put into the polishing liquid, and the value after 2 minutes has passed and stabilized is measured.
- the temperature of the standard buffer solution and the polishing solution are both 25 ° C.
- the polishing liquid according to this embodiment may be stored as a one-part polishing liquid containing at least abrasive grains, a hydroxy acid, a polyol, the above-described zwitterionic compound, and a liquid medium.
- These components may be stored as a multi-liquid type (for example, two liquid type) polishing liquid set that is stored separately in a slurry (first liquid) and an additive liquid (second liquid).
- the slurry includes, for example, at least abrasive grains and a liquid medium.
- the additive liquid includes, for example, at least a hydroxy acid, a polyol, a zwitterionic compound, and a liquid medium.
- a hydroxy acid, a polyol, a zwitterionic compound, an optional additive, and a buffering agent are contained in the additive liquid among the slurry and the additive liquid.
- the constituents of the polishing liquid may be stored as a polishing liquid set divided into three or more liquids.
- the slurry and additive liquid are mixed immediately before or during polishing to prepare a polishing liquid.
- the one-component polishing liquid may be stored as a polishing liquid storage liquid in which the content of the liquid medium is reduced, and may be diluted with the liquid medium during polishing.
- the multi-liquid type polishing liquid set may be stored as a slurry storage liquid and an additive liquid storage liquid with a reduced content of the liquid medium, and may be diluted with the liquid medium during polishing.
- the polishing method according to the present embodiment is a surface to be polished using the one-part polishing liquid or a polishing liquid obtained by mixing a slurry and an additive liquid in the polishing liquid set ( A polishing step for polishing the surface to be polished of the substrate) may be provided.
- the surface to be polished may contain silicon oxide and may further contain silicon nitride.
- the polishing method according to the present embodiment may be a method for polishing a substrate having an insulating material and silicon nitride.
- the one-part polishing liquid or a slurry and an additive liquid in the polishing liquid set are mixed.
- a polishing step of selectively polishing the insulating material with respect to silicon nitride may be provided using the polishing liquid obtained in this manner.
- the base may have, for example, a member containing an insulating material and a member containing silicon nitride.
- the polishing method according to the present embodiment may be a method for polishing a substrate having a first member including silicon nitride and a second member including an insulating material and disposed on the first member.
- the polishing step is a step of polishing the second member until the first member is exposed using the one-part polishing liquid or a polishing liquid obtained by mixing the slurry and the additive liquid in the polishing liquid set. You may have.
- the first member and the second member are obtained using the one-component polishing liquid or the polishing liquid obtained by mixing the slurry and the additive liquid in the polishing liquid set after the first member is exposed.
- “Selectively polishing material A with respect to material B” means that the polishing rate of material A is higher than the polishing rate of material B under the same polishing conditions. More specifically, for example, the material A is polished at a polishing rate ratio of the polishing rate of the material A to the polishing rate of the material B of 80 or more.
- the polishing liquid is supplied between the material to be polished and the polishing pad in a state where the material to be polished of the substrate having the material to be polished is pressed against the polishing pad (polishing cloth) of the polishing surface plate.
- the surface to be polished of the material to be polished is polished by relatively moving the substrate and the polishing surface plate.
- at least a part of the material to be polished is removed by polishing.
- Examples of the substrate to be polished include a substrate to be polished.
- Examples of the substrate to be polished include a substrate in which a material to be polished is formed on a substrate related to semiconductor element manufacturing (for example, a semiconductor substrate on which an STI pattern, a gate pattern, a wiring pattern, etc. are formed).
- Examples of the material to be polished include an insulating material such as silicon oxide (excluding a material corresponding to a stopper material); a stopper material such as silicon nitride.
- the material to be polished may be a single material or a plurality of materials. When a plurality of materials are exposed on the surface to be polished, they can be regarded as materials to be polished.
- the material to be polished may be in the form of a film (film to be polished), and may be a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, or the like.
- the polishing liquid according to this embodiment is preferably used for polishing a surface to be polished containing silicon oxide.
- a stopper polishing stop layer disposed under the insulating material, and a substrate (semiconductor substrate or the like) disposed under the stopper
- the insulating material can be polished.
- the stopper material constituting the stopper is preferably silicon nitride, which is a material having a lower polishing rate than the insulating material.
- Examples of a method for producing a material to be polished by the polishing liquid according to this embodiment include a low pressure CVD method, a quasi-atmospheric pressure CVD method, a plasma CVD method, and other CVD methods; a spin coating method in which a liquid material is applied to a rotating substrate. Etc.
- polishing method for example, a substrate having an insulating material formed on a semiconductor substrate
- a polishing apparatus a general polishing apparatus having a holder capable of holding a substrate having a surface to be polished and a polishing surface plate to which a polishing pad can be attached can be used.
- Each of the holder and the polishing surface plate is provided with a motor capable of changing the rotation speed.
- polishing apparatus for example, polishing apparatus: MIRRA manufactured by APPLIED MATERIALS can be used.
- polishing pad general nonwoven fabric, foam, non-foam, etc.
- the material of the polishing pad is polyurethane, acrylic resin, polyester, acrylic-ester copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, poly-4-methylpentene, cellulose, cellulose ester, polyamide (for example, nylon (trade name)) And aramid), polyimide, polyimide amide, polysiloxane copolymer, oxirane compound, phenol resin, polystyrene, polycarbonate, epoxy resin and the like.
- the material of the polishing pad is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of foamed polyurethane and non-foamed polyurethane, particularly from the viewpoint of further improving the polishing rate and flatness. It is preferable that the polishing pad is grooved so that the polishing liquid accumulates.
- the upper limit of the rotation speed of the polishing platen is preferably 200 min ⁇ 1 or less so that the substrate does not pop out, and the upper limit of the polishing pressure (working load) applied to the substrate causes polishing flaws. From the viewpoint of sufficiently suppressing this, 15 psi (103 kPa) or less is preferable.
- limiting in this supply amount it is preferable that the surface of a polishing pad is always covered with polishing liquid.
- the substrate after polishing is preferably washed well under running water to remove particles adhering to the substrate.
- dilute hydrofluoric acid or ammonia water may be used in addition to pure water, and a brush may be used in combination to increase cleaning efficiency.
- This embodiment can be suitably used for forming STI.
- the lower limit of the polishing rate ratio of the insulating material (for example, silicon oxide) to the stopper material (for example, silicon nitride) is 80 or more.
- the polishing rate ratio is less than 80, the polishing rate of the insulating material with respect to the polishing rate of the stopper material is small, and it tends to be difficult to stop polishing at a predetermined position when forming the STI.
- the polishing rate ratio is 80 or more, it is easy to stop polishing, which is more suitable for formation of STI.
- the lower limit of the polishing rate of the insulating material is preferably 50 nm / min or more, more preferably 70 nm / min or more, still more preferably 80 nm / min or more, particularly preferably 100 nm / min or more, and 120 nm / min or more. Highly preferred.
- This embodiment can also be used for polishing a premetal insulating material.
- the premetal insulating material include silicon oxide, phosphorus-silicate glass, boron-phosphorus-silicate glass, silicon oxyfluoride, and fluorinated amorphous carbon.
- This embodiment can also be applied to materials other than insulating materials such as silicon oxide.
- materials include high dielectric constant materials such as Hf-based, Ti-based, and Ta-based oxides; semiconductor materials such as silicon, amorphous silicon, SiC, SiGe, Ge, GaN, GaP, GaAs, and organic semiconductors; GeSbTe Inorganic conductive materials such as ITO; Polymer resins such as polyimides, polybenzoxazoles, acrylics, epoxies, and phenols.
- This embodiment can be applied not only to a film-like object to be polished, but also to various substrates composed of glass, silicon, SiC, SiGe, Ge, GaN, GaP, GaAs, sapphire, plastic, and the like.
- image display devices such as TFTs and organic ELs
- optical parts such as photomasks, lenses, prisms, optical fibers, and single crystal scintillators
- optical elements such as optical switching elements and optical waveguides
- a light emitting element such as a solid-state laser and a blue laser LED
- a magnetic storage device such as a magnetic disk and a magnetic head.
- cerium oxide slurry Preparation of cerium oxide slurry> Mixing cerium oxide particles (first particles) with Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. trade name: ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (molecular weight: 99.99), 5.0 masses of cerium oxide particles. A cerium oxide slurry (pH: 7) containing% (solid content) was prepared. The compounding amount of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate was adjusted to 1% by mass based on the total amount of cerium oxide particles.
- the resulting precipitate (precipitate containing cerium hydroxide) was subjected to solid-liquid separation by centrifuging (4000 min ⁇ 1 , 5 minutes) and then removing the liquid phase by decantation. After mixing 10 g of particles obtained by solid-liquid separation and 990 g of water, the particles are dispersed in water using an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and contain cerium hydroxide particles (second particles). A hydroxide slurry (particle content: 1.0 mass%) was prepared.
- the average particle size (average secondary particle size) of the cerium hydroxide particles in the cerium hydroxide slurry was measured using a product name: N5 manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc., it was 10 nm.
- the measuring method is as follows. First, about 1 mL of a measurement sample (cerium hydroxide slurry, aqueous dispersion) containing 1.0 mass% cerium hydroxide particles was placed in a 1 cm square cell, and then the cell was placed in N5. The refractive index of the N5 soft measurement sample information was set to 1.333, the viscosity was set to 0.887 mPa ⁇ s, the measurement was performed at 25 ° C., and the value displayed as Unimodal Size Mean was read.
- the cerium hydroxide particles contained at least a part of particles having nitrate ions bonded to the cerium element. Moreover, since the particles having hydroxide ions bonded to the cerium element are contained in at least a part of the cerium hydroxide particles, it was confirmed that the cerium hydroxide particles contain cerium hydroxide. From these results, it was confirmed that the hydroxide of cerium contains hydroxide ions bonded to the cerium element.
- the cerium hydroxide slurry and deionized water were mixed while stirring at a rotation speed of 300 rpm using a two-blade stirring blade to obtain a mixed solution. Subsequently, the cerium oxide slurry is mixed with the mixed solution while stirring the mixed solution, and then irradiated with ultrasonic waves using an ultrasonic cleaner (device name: US-105) manufactured by SNDI Co., Ltd. Stir.
- an ultrasonic cleaner device name: US-105 manufactured by SNDI Co., Ltd. Stir.
- the test liquid was prepared by adjusting the content of abrasive grains (total amount of particles) in the test slurry to 0.1% by mass (diluted with ion-exchanged water). 7.5 g of the test solution was placed in a centrifuge (trade name: Optima MAX-TL) manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc., treated for 5 minutes at a centrifugal acceleration of 5.8 ⁇ 10 4 G and a set temperature of 25 ° C., and the supernatant liquid Got.
- a centrifuge (trade name: Optima MAX-TL) manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc.
- the cell After putting about 4 mL of the supernatant into a 1 cm square quartz cell, the cell was placed in a spectrophotometer (device name: U3310) manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd. Absorbance was measured in the wavelength range of 200 to 600 nm, and the absorbance value at a wavelength of 380 nm was read from the obtained chart. Absorbance was 0.002. Moreover, when the value of the light transmittance in wavelength 500nm was read from the obtained chart, it was 92% / cm or more.
- Example 1 ⁇ Preparation of polishing liquid for CMP> (Example 1) While stirring at a rotational speed of 300 rpm using a two-blade stirring blade, 20 g of the cerium hydroxide slurry and 1940 g of deionized water were mixed to obtain a mixed solution. Subsequently, 40 g of the cerium oxide slurry was mixed with the mixed solution while stirring the mixed solution, and then irradiated with ultrasonic waves using an ultrasonic cleaner (device name: US-105) manufactured by SND Corporation. While stirring.
- an ultrasonic cleaner device name: US-105
- hydroxy acid (2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) butyric acid
- polyol manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd., trade name: TMP-60, polyoxyethylene trimethylolpropane ether
- deionized water based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP, 0.18% by mass of abrasive grains, 0.10% by mass of hydroxy acid, 0.50% by mass of polyol, and 0.10% by mass of glycine are used. A polishing liquid was obtained.
- the polishing liquid for CMP contains composite particles containing, as abrasive grains, cerium oxide particles and cerium hydroxide particles in contact with the cerium oxide particles.
- the cerium oxide particles and the cerium hydroxide The mass ratio with the particles was 10: 1 (cerium oxide: cerium hydroxide).
- the polishing liquid for CMP contained cerium hydroxide particles (free particles) that were not in contact with the cerium oxide particles in addition to the composite particles described above as abrasive grains.
- Example 5 A polishing slurry for CMP was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that glycine was changed to the aminocarboxylic acid shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 A polishing slurry for CMP was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) butyric acid was changed to 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid.
- Example 7 A polishing slurry for CMP was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 except that polyoxyethylene trimethylolpropane ether was changed to pentaerythritol polyoxyethylene ether (trade name: PNT-40, manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd.).
- Example 8 A polishing slurry for CMP was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 except that polyoxyethylene trimethylol propane ether was changed to polyethylene glycol (manufactured by NOF Corporation, PEG 4000, weight average molecular weight 4000).
- Example 9 A polishing slurry for CMP was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the hydroxy acid was changed to DL-lactic acid.
- Example 10 A polishing slurry for CMP was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the hydroxy acid was changed to DL-glyceric acid.
- Example 3 A polishing slurry for CMP was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no polyol was used (deionized water was increased).
- Example 11 A polishing slurry for CMP was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that glycine was changed to the aminosulfonic acid shown in Table 4.
- Example 14 A polishing slurry for CMP was prepared in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the hydroxy acid was changed to DL-lactic acid.
- Example 15 A polishing slurry for CMP was prepared in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the hydroxy acid was changed to DL-glyceric acid.
- ⁇ Zeta potential of abrasive grains> An appropriate amount of a polishing slurry for CMP was put into Delsa Nano C manufactured by Beckman Coulter Co., Ltd., and the measurement was performed twice at 25 ° C. The average value of the displayed zeta potential was obtained as the zeta potential. As a result, the zeta potential of the abrasive grains was +55 mV.
- ⁇ Average particle size of abrasive grains> A trade name manufactured by Microtrack Bell Co., Ltd .: An appropriate amount of CMP polishing liquid was put into Microtrack MT3300EXII, and the average particle size of the abrasive grains was measured. The displayed average particle size value was obtained as the average particle size (average secondary particle size). The average grain size of the abrasive grains in the CMP polishing liquid was 155 nm.
- ⁇ PH of polishing liquid for CMP The pH of the polishing liquid for CMP was evaluated under the following conditions. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 4. Measurement temperature: 25 ° C Measuring device: manufactured by Toa DKK Corporation, model number PHL-40 Measurement method: Two-point calibration using a standard buffer (phthalate pH buffer, pH: 4.01 (25 ° C.); neutral phosphate pH buffer, pH: 6.86 (25 ° C.)) Thereafter, the electrode was put into a polishing slurry for CMP, and the pH after being stabilized for 2 minutes or more was measured with the measuring device.
- a standard buffer phthalate pH buffer, pH: 4.01 (25 ° C.); neutral phosphate pH buffer, pH: 6.86 (25 ° C.)
- Polishing device MIRRA-3400 (Applied Materials) Polishing fluid flow rate for CMP: 250 mL / min
- Substrate to be polished Blanket wafer and pattern wafer below
- Polishing pad Expanded polyurethane resin having closed cells (ROHM AND HAAS ELECTRONIC MATERIALS CMP INC., Model number IC1010)
- Polishing time (Blanket wafer) 1 min (Pattern wafer)
- Wafer cleaning After CMP, the wafer was cleaned with water
- a substrate to be polished having a silicon oxide film with a thickness of 2 ⁇ m formed by a plasma CVD method on a silicon substrate was used.
- a pattern wafer on which a simulated pattern was formed As a pattern wafer on which a simulated pattern was formed, a 764 wafer (trade name, diameter: 300 mm) manufactured by SEMATECH was used. In the patterned wafer, a silicon nitride film is stacked on a silicon substrate as a stopper (stopper film), and then a trench is formed in an exposure process, and an insulating film is formed on the silicon substrate and the silicon nitride film so as to fill the stopper and the trench. It was a wafer obtained by laminating a silicon oxide film (SiO 2 film). The silicon oxide film was formed by the HDP (High Density Plasma) method.
- HDP High Density Plasma
- the line & space is a simulated pattern in which an active portion masked by a stopper film that is a convex portion and a trench portion in which a groove that is a concave portion is formed are alternately arranged.
- the line and space has a pitch of 100 ⁇ m means that the total width of the line portion and the space portion is 100 ⁇ m.
- the line and space is 100 ⁇ m pitch and the convex pattern density is 50%” means a pattern in which convex width: 50 ⁇ m and concave width: 50 ⁇ m are alternately arranged.
- the amount of remaining steps can be reduced by polishing the wafer with a known CMP polishing liquid having self-stopping properties (a characteristic that the polishing rate decreases when the amount of remaining steps of the simulated pattern decreases).
- a wafer in a state of about 30 nm was used.
- HS-8005-D4 (trade name) manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- HS-7303GP (trade name) manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- water are mixed at 1: 1.2: 7.8.
- a wafer in a state of being polished using a polishing liquid blended at a ratio until a convex silicon nitride film in a 100 ⁇ m pitch 50% density pattern was exposed was used.
- polishing rate of the film to be polished was obtained from the following formula.
- film thickness difference of the to-be-polished film before and behind polishing was determined using an optical interference type film thickness measuring apparatus (trade name: F80, manufactured by Filmetrics). The measurement results are shown in Tables 1 to 4.
- Polishing rate (RR) (Difference in film thickness before and after polishing (nm)) / (Polishing time (min))
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Abstract
Description
本明細書において、「~」を用いて示された数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載される数値をそれぞれ最小値及び最大値として含む範囲を示す。本明細書に段階的に記載されている数値範囲において、ある段階の数値範囲の上限値又は下限値は、他の段階の数値範囲の上限値又は下限値と任意に組み合わせることができる。本明細書に記載されている数値範囲において、その数値範囲の上限値又は下限値は、実施例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。「A又はB」とは、A及びBのどちらか一方を含んでいればよく、両方とも含んでいてもよい。本明細書に例示する材料は、特に断らない限り、一種を単独で又は二種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。本明細書において、組成物中の各成分の含有量は、組成物中に各成分に該当する物質が複数存在する場合、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数の物質の合計量を意味する。「工程」との語は、独立した工程だけではなく、他の工程と明確に区別できない場合であってもその工程の所期の作用が達成されれば、本用語に含まれる。
本実施形態に係る研磨液は、例えばCMP用研磨液である。本実施形態に係る研磨液は、砥粒と、ヒドロキシ酸と、ポリオールと、アミノカルボン酸及びアミノスルホン酸からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の双性イオン化合物と、液状媒体と、を含有し、砥粒のゼータ電位が正であり、アミノカルボン酸の等電点が7.0より小さく、アミノスルホン酸のpKaが0より大きい。
すなわち、ヒドロキシ酸は、ストッパ材料の研磨速度が過度に高くなることを抑制しやすい効果を有する。また、ヒドロキシ酸を用いることにより、ストッパの露出後の絶縁材料の研磨を抑制することで高い平坦性を得やすい。これらの理由について、ヒドロキシ酸の官能基(カルボキシル基、水酸基等)が絶縁材料及びストッパへ吸着してこれらの被研磨材料を被覆することにより、砥粒による研磨の進行が緩和されて研磨速度が過度に高くなることが抑制されやすいと推測される。
ポリオールは、絶縁材料上に保護層を形成し、絶縁材料を適切な速度で研磨を可能にしやすい作用を有すると推測される。また、ポリオールを用いることにより、ストッパの露出後の絶縁材料の研磨を抑制することで高い平坦性を得やすい。これらの理由について、ポリオールの親水部分が絶縁材料へ吸着して被覆することにより、砥粒による研磨の進行が緩和されて研磨速度が過度に高くなることが抑制されやすいと推測される。
アミノカルボン酸及びアミノスルホン酸のような双性イオン化合物は、同一分子内にカチオン部(例えばアミノ基)とアニオン部(例えばカルボキシル基及びスルホン酸基)とを有する。この双性イオン化合物は、特にオーバー研磨時に被研磨面(すなわち、絶縁材料の表面及びストッパの表面)に付着することができる。このとき、アニオン部が被研磨面に付着し、カチオン部は被研磨面に対して外側を向く。この場合、双性イオン化合物が付着した被研磨面は正に帯電することから、この被研磨面は、ゼータ電位が正である砥粒と反発する。
その結果、上述のヒドロキシ酸及びポリオールを用いた上でこのような双性イオン化合物を用いることにより、砥粒の作用によって引き起こされる過剰なディッシング及びストッパの過剰な研磨が抑制される。
本実施形態に係る研磨液は、研磨液中において正のゼータ電位を有する砥粒を含有する。砥粒は、絶縁材料を高い研磨速度で研磨しやすい観点から、セリウム酸化物(例えば、セリア(酸化セリウム(IV)))、シリカ、アルミナ、ジルコニア、イットリア及び4価金属元素の水酸化物からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を含むことが好ましく、セリウム酸化物を含むことがより好ましい。砥粒は、一種を単独で又は二種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
すなわち、水分散液を遠心分離したときに得られる液相における波長380nmの光に対する吸光度が0を超える場合、このような遠心分離では、複合粒子が選択的に除去されやすく、遊離粒子を固形分として含有する液相を得ることが可能であり、吸光度が0を超える場合、砥粒は、複合粒子に加えて遊離粒子を含む。遊離粒子は複合粒子と比較して粒径が小さいため、拡散速度が高く、絶縁材料の表面に優先的に吸着して当該表面を被覆する。この場合、複合粒子は、絶縁材料に直接的に作用するだけでなく、絶縁材料に吸着した遊離粒子にも作用して間接的にも絶縁材料に作用することができる(例えば、絶縁材料に吸着した遊離粒子を介して物理的作用を絶縁材料へ伝達することができる)。これにより、絶縁材料の研磨速度を向上させやすいと推察される。
吸光度 =-LOG10(光透過率[%]/100)
本実施形態に係る研磨液は、添加剤を含有する。ここで、「添加剤」とは、砥粒及び液状媒体以外に研磨液が含有する物質を指す。
本実施形態に係る研磨液は、ヒドロキシ酸(アミノカルボン酸又はアミノスルホン酸に該当する化合物を除く)を含有する。ヒドロキシ酸は、少なくとも1個のカルボキシル基と少なくとも1個の水酸基とを有している。「水酸基」に、カルボキシル基中の「-OH」は含まれない。「水酸基」は、アルコール性水酸基及びフェノール性水酸基のいずれであってもよい。ヒドロキシ酸は、フェノール性水酸基を有していなくてよい。
本実施形態に係る研磨液は、ポリオール(ヒドロキシ酸、アミノカルボン酸又はアミノスルホン酸に該当する化合物を除く)を含有する。ポリオールとは、分子中に2個以上の水酸基を有している化合物である。
使用機器:日立L-6000型[株式会社日立製作所製]
カラム:ゲルパックGL-R420+ゲルパックGL-R430+ゲルパックGL-R440[日立化成株式会社製 商品名、計3本]
溶離液:テトラヒドロフラン
測定温度:40℃
流量:1.75mL/min
検出器:L-3300RI[株式会社日立製作所製]
本実施形態に係る研磨液は、アミノカルボン酸及びアミノスルホン酸からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の双性イオン化合物を含有する。アミノスルホン酸に該当する化合物は、アミノカルボン酸に帰属しないものとする。アミノカルボン酸及びアミノスルホン酸のそれぞれは、一種を単独で又は二種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
本実施形態に係る研磨液は、任意の添加剤(ヒドロキシ酸、ポリオール、アミノカルボン酸又はアミノスルホン酸に該当する化合物を除く)を含有していてもよい。任意の添加剤としては、水溶性高分子、酸化剤(例えば過酸化水素)、分散剤(例えばリン酸系無機塩)等が挙げられる。「水溶性高分子」とは、水100gに対して0.1g以上溶解する高分子として定義する。水溶性高分子としては、ポリアクリル酸、ポリアクリル酸共重合体、ポリアクリル酸塩、ポリアクリル酸共重合体塩等のポリアクリル酸系ポリマ;ポリメタクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸塩等のポリメタクリル酸系ポリマなどが挙げられる。
本実施形態に係る研磨液における液状媒体としては、特に制限はないが、脱イオン水、超純水等の水が好ましい。液状媒体の含有量は、他の構成成分の含有量を除いた研磨液の残部でよく、特に限定されない。
本実施形態に係る研磨液のpHの下限は、優れた砥粒の分散安定性を得やすい観点から、2.0以上が好ましく、2.2以上がより好ましく、2.5以上が更に好ましく、3.0以上が特に好ましく、3.1以上が極めて好ましく、3.3以上が非常に好ましい。pHの上限は、優れた砥粒の分散安定性を得やすい観点から、6.0以下が好ましく、6.0未満がより好ましく、5.5以下が更に好ましく、5.0以下が特に好ましく、5.0未満が極めて好ましく、4.5以下が非常に好ましく、4.2以下がより一層好ましく、4.0以下がより好ましく、3.6以下が更に好ましい。これらの観点から、研磨液のpHは、2.0~6.0がより好ましく、2.0~4.5が更に好ましい。研磨液のpHは、液温25℃におけるpHと定義する。
本実施形態に係る研磨方法(基体の研磨方法等)は、前記一液式研磨液、又は、前記研磨液セットにおけるスラリと添加液とを混合して得られる研磨液を用いて被研磨面(基体の被研磨面等)を研磨する研磨工程を備えていてよい。被研磨面は、酸化珪素を含んでいてよく、窒化珪素を更に含んでいてよい。
セリウム酸化物粒子(第1の粒子)と、和光純薬工業株式会社製の商品名:リン酸二水素アンモニウム(分子量:97.99)とを混合して、セリウム酸化物粒子を5.0質量%(固形分含量)含有するセリウム酸化物スラリ(pH:7)を調製した。リン酸二水素アンモニウムの配合量は、セリウム酸化物粒子の全量を基準として1質量%に調整した。
(セリウム水酸化物の合成)
480gのCe(NH4)2(NO3)650質量%水溶液(日本化学産業株式会社製、商品名:CAN50液)を7450gの純水と混合して溶液を得た。次いで、この溶液を撹拌しながら、750gのイミダゾール水溶液(10質量%水溶液、1.47mol/L)を5mL/minの混合速度で滴下して、セリウム水酸化物を含む沈殿物を得た。セリウム水酸化物の合成は、温度20℃、撹拌速度500min-1で行った。撹拌は、羽根部全長5cmの3枚羽根ピッチパドルを用いて行った。
ベックマン・コールター株式会社製、商品名:N5を用いてセリウム水酸化物スラリにおけるセリウム水酸化物粒子の平均粒径(平均二次粒径)を測定したところ、10nmであった。測定法は次のとおりである。まず、1.0質量%のセリウム水酸化物粒子を含む測定サンプル(セリウム水酸化物スラリ。水分散液)を1cm角のセルに約1mL入れた後、N5内にセルを設置した。N5のソフトの測定サンプル情報の屈折率を1.333、粘度を0.887mPa・sに設定し、25℃において測定を行い、Unimodal Size Meanとして表示される値を読み取った。
ベックマン・コールター株式会社製の商品名:DelsaNano C内に適量のセリウム水酸化物スラリを投入し、25℃において測定を2回行った。表示されたゼータ電位の平均値をゼータ電位として得た。セリウム水酸化物スラリにおけるセリウム水酸化物粒子のゼータ電位は+50mVであった。
セリウム水酸化物スラリを適量採取し、真空乾燥してセリウム水酸化物粒子を単離した後に純水で充分に洗浄して試料を得た。得られた試料について、FT-IR ATR法による測定を行ったところ、水酸化物イオン(OH-)に基づくピークの他に、硝酸イオン(NO3 -)に基づくピークが観測された。また、同試料について、窒素に対するXPS(N-XPS)測定を行ったところ、NH4 +に基づくピークは観測されず、硝酸イオンに基づくピークが観測された。これらの結果より、セリウム水酸化物粒子は、セリウム元素に結合した硝酸イオンを有する粒子を少なくとも一部含有することが確認された。また、セリウム元素に結合した水酸化物イオンを有する粒子がセリウム水酸化物粒子の少なくとも一部に含有されることから、セリウム水酸化物粒子がセリウム水酸化物を含有することが確認された。これらの結果より、セリウムの水酸化物が、セリウム元素に結合した水酸化物イオンを含むことが確認された。
後述する実施例において使用する砥粒が上澄み液において与える吸光度及び光透過率を測定した。
(実施例1)
2枚羽根の撹拌羽根を用いて300rpmの回転数で撹拌しながら、前記セリウム水酸化物スラリ20gと、脱イオン水1940gとを混合して混合液を得た。続いて、前記混合液を撹拌しながら前記セリウム酸化物スラリ40gを前記混合液に混合した後、株式会社エスエヌディ製の超音波洗浄機(装置名:US-105)を用いて超音波を照射しながら撹拌した。続いて、ヒドロキシ酸(2,2-ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)酪酸)と、ポリオール(日本乳化剤株式会社製、商品名:TMP-60、ポリオキシエチレントリメチロールプロパンエーテル)と、グリシン(アミノカルボン酸、pI=5.97)と、脱イオン水とを混合した。これにより、CMP用研磨液の全質量を基準として、砥粒0.18質量%、ヒドロキシ酸0.10質量%、ポリオール0.50質量%、及び、グリシン0.10質量%を含有するCMP用研磨液を得た。CMP用研磨液は、砥粒として、セリウム酸化物粒子と、当該セリウム酸化物粒子に接触したセリウム水酸化物粒子と、を含む複合粒子を含有しており、セリウム酸化物粒子とセリウム水酸化物粒子との質量比は10:1(セリウム酸化物:セリウム水酸化物)であった。CMP用研磨液は、砥粒として、上述の複合粒子に加えて、セリウム酸化物粒子に接触していないセリウム水酸化物粒子(遊離粒子)を含有していた。
グリシンを表1に記載のアミノカルボン酸に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
2,2-ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)酪酸を2,2-ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)プロピオン酸に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
ポリオキシエチレントリメチロールプロパンエーテルをペンタエリスリトールポリオキシエチレンエーテル(日本乳化剤株式会社製、商品名:PNT-40)に変更したこと以外は実施例6と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
ポリオキシエチレントリメチロールプロパンエーテルをポリエチレングリコール(日油株式会社製、PEG4000、重量平均分子量4000)に変更したこと以外は実施例6と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
ヒドロキシ酸をDL-乳酸に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
ヒドロキシ酸をDL-グリセリン酸に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
アミノカルボン酸をアルギニン(pI=10.76)又はヒスチジン(pI=7.59)に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
ポリオールを用いなかった(脱イオン水を増量した)こと以外は実施例1と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
ヒドロキシ酸を用いなかった(脱イオン水を増量した)こと以外は実施例1と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
グリシンを表4に記載のアミノスルホン酸に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
ヒドロキシ酸をDL-乳酸に変更したこと以外は実施例11と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
ヒドロキシ酸をDL-グリセリン酸に変更したこと以外は実施例11と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
グリシンをp-トルエンスルホン酸(pKa=-2.80)に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてCMP用研磨液を調製した。
ベックマン・コールター株式会社製の商品名:DelsaNano C内に適量のCMP用研磨液を投入し、25℃において測定を2回行った。表示されたゼータ電位の平均値をゼータ電位として得た。その結果、砥粒のゼータ電位は+55mVであった。
マイクロトラック・ベル株式会社製の商品名:マイクロトラックMT3300EXII内にCMP用研磨液を適量投入し、砥粒の平均粒径を測定した。表示された平均粒径値を平均粒径(平均二次粒径)として得た。CMP用研磨液における砥粒の平均粒径は155nmであった。
CMP用研磨液のpHを下記の条件で評価した。結果を表1~表4に示す。
測定温度:25℃
測定装置:東亜ディーケーケー株式会社製、型番PHL-40
測定方法:標準緩衝液(フタル酸塩pH緩衝液、pH:4.01(25℃);中性リン酸塩pH緩衝液、pH:6.86(25℃))を用いて2点校正した後、電極をCMP用研磨液に入れ、2分以上経過して安定した後のpHを前記測定装置により測定した。
前記CMP用研磨液を用いて下記研磨条件で被研磨基板を研磨した。
CMP用研磨液流量:250mL/min
被研磨基板:下記ブランケットウエハ及びパターンウエハ
研磨パッド:独立気泡を有する発泡ポリウレタン樹脂(ROHM AND HAAS ELECTRONIC MATERIALS CMP INC.製、型番IC1010)
研磨圧力:2.0psi
被研磨基板と研磨定盤との回転数:被研磨基板/研磨定盤=90/87rpm
研磨時間:
(ブランケットウエハ)1min
(パターンウエハ)窒化珪素膜が露出するまで研磨を行った後述のウエハを、前記CMP用研磨液を用いて、研磨量が20nm及び40nmである分だけ追加研磨(オーバー研磨)した。この時の残段差量(ディッシング)及び窒化珪素膜の研磨量の確認を行った。
ウエハの洗浄:CMP処理後、超音波を印加しながら水で洗浄した後、スピンドライヤで乾燥させた。
ブランケットウエハとして、プラズマCVD法で形成された厚さ2μmの酸化珪素膜をシリコン基板上に有する被研磨基板を用いた。
模擬パターンが形成されたパターンウエハとして、SEMATECH社製、764ウエハ(商品名、直径:300mm)を用いた。当該パターンウエハは、ストッパ(ストッパ膜)として窒化珪素膜をシリコン基板上に積層後、露光工程においてトレンチを形成し、ストッパ及びトレンチを埋めるように、シリコン基板及び窒化珪素膜の上に絶縁膜として酸化珪素膜(SiO2膜)を積層することにより得られたウエハであった。酸化珪素膜は、HDP(High Density Plasma)法により成膜されたものであった。
前記条件で研磨及び洗浄した被研磨基板について、被研磨膜(酸化珪素膜)の研磨速度を下記式より求めた。なお、研磨前後での被研磨膜の膜厚差は、光干渉式膜厚測定装置(フィルメトリクス社製、商品名:F80)を用いて求めた。測定結果を表1~表4に示す。
研磨速度(RR)=(研磨前後での被研磨膜の膜厚差(nm))/(研磨時間(min))
前記条件で研磨及び洗浄したパターンウエハの凸部の窒化珪素膜の残膜厚、並びに、凹部の酸化珪素膜の残膜厚を測定して残段差量を下記式より求めた。式中、「350nm+窒化珪素膜の残膜厚(nm)」は凸部の膜厚を表す。また、窒化珪素膜の初期の膜厚と研磨後の膜厚との差分(残膜厚)を用いて下記式より窒化珪素膜の研磨量を求めた。なお、研磨前後での各被研磨膜の膜厚は、光干渉式膜厚測定装置(ナノメトリクス社製、商品名:Nanospec AFT-5100)を用いて求めた。測定結果を表1~表4に示す。
残段差量=(350nm+窒化珪素膜の残膜厚(nm))-(凹部の酸化珪素膜の残膜厚(nm))
窒化珪素膜の研磨量=1500nm-凸部の窒化珪素膜の残膜厚(nm)
Claims (15)
- 砥粒と、ヒドロキシ酸と、ポリオールと、アミノカルボン酸及びアミノスルホン酸からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の双性イオン化合物と、液状媒体と、を含有し、
前記砥粒のゼータ電位が正であり、
前記アミノカルボン酸の等電点が7.0より小さく、
前記アミノスルホン酸のpKaが0より大きい、研磨液。 - 前記砥粒が、当該砥粒の含有量を1.0質量%に調整した水分散液を遠心加速度5.8×104Gで5分間遠心分離したときに、波長380nmの光に対する吸光度が0を超える液相を与える、請求項1に記載の研磨液。
- 前記ヒドロキシ酸の水酸基の数が2個である、請求項1又は2に記載の研磨液。
- 前記ヒドロキシ酸の含有量が0.01~1.0質量%である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の研磨液。
- 前記ポリオールがポリエーテルポリオールを含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の研磨液。
- 前記ポリエーテルポリオールがポリオキシアルキレン基を有する、請求項5に記載の研磨液。
- 前記ポリオールが、水酸基の数が3以上である化合物を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の研磨液。
- 前記ポリオールの含有量が0.05~5.0質量%である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の研磨液。
- 前記双性イオン化合物がアミノカルボン酸を含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の研磨液。
- 前記双性イオン化合物がアミノスルホン酸を含む、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の研磨液。
- 前記双性イオン化合物の含有量が0.01~1.0質量%である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の研磨液。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の研磨液の構成成分が第1の液と第2の液とに分けて保存され、前記第1の液が、前記砥粒と、液状媒体と、を含み、前記第2の液が、前記ヒドロキシ酸と、前記ポリオールと、前記双性イオン化合物と、液状媒体と、を含む、研磨液セット。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の研磨液、又は、請求項12に記載の研磨液セットにおける前記第1の液と前記第2の液とを混合して得られる研磨液を用いて被研磨面を研磨する研磨工程を備える、研磨方法。
- 前記被研磨面が酸化珪素を含む、請求項13に記載の研磨方法。
- 前記被研磨面が窒化珪素を更に含み、
前記研磨工程において酸化珪素を窒化珪素に対して選択的に研磨する、請求項14に記載の研磨方法。
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| TWI786281B (zh) | 2022-12-11 |
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| US11352523B2 (en) | 2022-06-07 |
| US11767448B2 (en) | 2023-09-26 |
| CN111819263A (zh) | 2020-10-23 |
| KR102576637B1 (ko) | 2023-09-07 |
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