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WO2019036888A1 - 一种光纤切割方法 - Google Patents

一种光纤切割方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019036888A1
WO2019036888A1 PCT/CN2017/098403 CN2017098403W WO2019036888A1 WO 2019036888 A1 WO2019036888 A1 WO 2019036888A1 CN 2017098403 W CN2017098403 W CN 2017098403W WO 2019036888 A1 WO2019036888 A1 WO 2019036888A1
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Prior art keywords
optical fiber
fiber
clamping
coating layer
cutting
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PCT/CN2017/098403
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗春晖
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Signal Fire Technology Co Ltd
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Signal Fire Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201780006629.9A priority Critical patent/CN108700710B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/098403 priority patent/WO2019036888A1/zh
Publication of WO2019036888A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019036888A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/245—Removing protective coverings of light guides before coupling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/25—Preparing the ends of light guides for coupling, e.g. cutting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of optical fiber fusion, in particular to a fiber cutting method.
  • the optimum cutting depth is generally about 1/10 of the diameter of the optical fiber, so that the relative height between the shape of the cutter and the guide rail and the rubber on both sides of the cutter is very strict.
  • the holding surface (the optical fiber has a clamping surface, the clamping surface also has a clamping surface) is clamped by the clamp, and the clamp is in contact with the optical fiber clamping surface through the rubber.
  • the section that is too deep or too shallow is not neat and tidy, which affects the welding quality;
  • the tension is applied to both sides of the fiber, and then the knife is used to produce the edge. Since the diameter of the fiber is only 125 microns, and after peeling off the coating layer, it becomes very brittle and brittle. Since the diameter is too small, it is necessary to put it.
  • the clamping is not pinched, and the choice of materials is very high. When clamping it, the clamping surface needs to be very smooth, and at the same time, there must be enough friction. This is very difficult, and most of them are currently used.
  • High-precision and expensive v-groove clamping surface (fixture, the first way is different, here is to clamp the surface of the fiber and pull it at the same time, so the clamping surface is not elastic, it is a hard surface with high precision
  • the tool part only ultrasonic cutting knives and some very high-end tools are currently used in this way, and the price is several times more expensive than the fiber cutting tool using the first method.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the accuracy of the clamping surface of the clamping member, thereby reducing the cost, reducing the requirement for the operating environment during cutting, thereby increasing the success rate of fiber cutting and increasing the efficiency. Cost fiber cutting method.
  • a fiber cutting method includes the steps of:
  • At least one end of the optical fiber is clamped, and the coating layer around the optical fiber to be cut is stripped;
  • Clamping is performed by both ends of the segment and the clamping member applies a pulling force to the optical fiber, and the optical fiber is cut at a cutting position of the optical fiber from which the coating layer has been peeled off.
  • the biggest difference between the present application and the prior art is that when the coating layer is peeled off, only a part of the middle portion is peeled off, and then the clamping members at both ends are clamped on the unstripped coating layer to stretch the optical fiber;
  • the first mode is to perform cutting after clamping, and then apply pressure to the blade edge in the back direction to break the fiber, so that the fiber is clamped. It is necessary to use an elastomer (rubber) to withstand the radial direction of the fiber to the rubber when the back of the blade is pressed against the blade to prevent the fiber from breaking, so that there are a series of problems in the background art.
  • the method of breaking the tension is similar to the second method in the background art, without using the rubber solution in the background art, and there is no such problem that the rubber hardness changes in the background art for a long time;
  • the clamping members at both ends are clamped on the unstripped coating layer, compared to the second method in the background art,
  • the coating layer holds the optical fiber and is not directly clamped to the surface of the optical fiber.
  • the clamping surface of the clamping member does not need to be as high as the high-precision and expensive v-groove clamping surface in the background art, and can also achieve the effect of clamping the fiber without breaking.
  • the cost can be greatly reduced, and at the same time, the requirements on the operating environment are greatly reduced. Even if dust falls on the clamping surface, the concentrated stress during the clamping caused by the dust is caused by the optical fiber being sandwiched by the coating layer. Coating Consumed, it will not directly touch the surface of the fiber, and the fiber will not break.
  • the surface sandwiching both ends of the segment is a hard surface, and the tensile effect on the optical fiber is better.
  • the clamping force to the optical fiber when clamping the two ends of the segment is constant, preventing the fiber from being pinched off, and at the same time enabling the fiber to be cut to After a certain depth, it is pulled off.
  • the disk is gradually cut toward the optical fiber by using a disk blade, and the disk blade is kept rotated about its own axis, compared with the background art.
  • the disc blade since the disc blade is kept rotating, it does not need to press the blade directly under pressure as in the background art (the blade in the background art must be very sharp, the machining precision is high, and the cost is high. High), the processing requirements of the disc insert are reduced, the cost is reduced, and the cost is much lower than that of the ultrasonic cutter, and a blade rotation is mentioned in 201210539579X, 201280013805.9, but the purpose is to replace the cutting surface, not to rotate Form a cut.
  • the surface of the fiber of the stripping portion is subjected to alcohol cleaning, which is a cleaner surface of the optical fiber, and the subsequent cutting and welding effect is better.
  • the first mode is to perform cutting after clamping, and then apply pressure to the blade edge in the back direction to break the fiber, so that the fiber is clamped. It is necessary to use an elastomer (rubber) to withstand the radial direction of the fiber to the rubber when the back of the blade is pressed against the blade to prevent the fiber from breaking, so that there are a series of problems in the background art.
  • the method of breaking the tension is similar to the second method in the background art, without using the rubber solution in the background art, and there is no such problem that the rubber hardness changes in the background art for a long time;
  • the clamping members at both ends are clamped on the unstripped coating layer, compared to the second method in the background art,
  • the coating layer holds the optical fiber and is not directly clamped to the surface of the optical fiber.
  • the clamping surface of the clamping member does not need to be as high as the high-precision and expensive v-groove clamping surface in the background art, and can also achieve the effect of clamping the fiber without breaking.
  • the cost can be greatly reduced, and at the same time, the requirements on the operating environment are greatly reduced. Even if dust falls on the clamping surface, the concentrated stress during the clamping caused by the dust is caused by the optical fiber being sandwiched by the coating layer. The coating is consumed and does not directly contact the surface of the fiber, and the fiber does not break.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention when it is cut
  • a fiber cutting method includes the steps of:
  • the external color of the optical fiber and the code are recognized by the camera device of the mobile terminal to form feature data, and the type of the fiber is determined according to the feature data, and then the type information of the fiber is transmitted to the cutting blade, and the cutting blade is processed by using the processing parameter of the corresponding fiber type.
  • Lower order process
  • At least one end of the optical fiber is clamped (only one end of the coating layer 2 can be stripped), the coating layer 2 around the fiber to be cut is stripped, and the surface of the stripped fiber 3 is subjected to alcohol. clean;
  • the clamping member 1 clamped by the two ends of the segment applies a tensile force to the optical fiber 3 (in Figure 1, the clamping member 1 and the coating layer 2 are separated only for the purpose of indicating a clear structure and relative Position, in actual use, the clamping member 1 is in contact with the coating layer 2, the clamping surface of the clamping member 1 is a hard surface), the tensile force is a constant force, and the coating layer 2 has been peeled off.
  • the fiber needs to be cut at the fiber to cut the fiber 3;
  • the clamping force to the optical fiber is a constant force (the clamping force is constant when clamping the same type of optical fiber, specifically, for For all types of fiber, the matching clamping force ranges from 6-10 N. For example, when clamping a certain type of fiber, it has a constant clamping force of 6 N.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

一种光纤切割方法，其包括步骤：A、剥除光纤（3）外部结构，使光纤需切割处所在的段节的外部只保留涂覆层（2）；B、至少对光纤（3）的一端夹持，对光纤需切割处周围的涂覆层（2）进行剥除；C、通过段节的两端进行夹持且夹持件（1）对光纤（3）施加拉力，在已剥除涂覆层（2）的光纤需切割处对光纤（3）进行切割。降低了夹持件（1）的夹持面精度要求从而降低了成本、降低了切割时对操作环境的要求从而增加光纤（3）切割的成功率进而增加效率。

Description

一种光纤切割方法 技术领域
本发明涉及光纤熔接领域，特别是一种光纤切割方法。
背景技术
目前光纤切割技术大体上分为两种。
一种，是先在用刀在光纤表面划出刀口，然后从刀口的背向沿刀口施加压力，使光纤在压力的作用下断开；
另一种，是先给光纤两端施加一定的拉力，然后用刀在光纤表面压出刀口，刀口在刀的进给过程中持续变深，当到达一定深度时，再在两侧拉力的作用下，光纤崩断。
这两种方法的使用，都基于将光纤的涂覆层全部剥除，剥除涂覆层后的光纤变得非常的脆，易断，而且直径只有125微米(一种光纤，这里举例尺寸的目的是为了说明光纤很细)；
在上述的第一种方法中，最佳的切割深度一般在光纤直径的1/10左右，这样对切刀的外形和导轨以及两边夹持面橡胶之间的相对高度要求很严，光纤两边夹持面(光纤有夹持面，夹具也有夹持面)被夹具夹持，夹具和光纤夹持面之间通过橡胶接触)，过深或者过浅切出的断面都不够整洁，影响熔接质量；
这带来两个问题，一是气候变化时，两侧橡胶的硬度可能发生变化，导致夹持高度发生变化，进而使切深发生变化，导致切割效果不佳，影响熔接质量；另一种情况是刀片或者滑轨磨损以后，导致刀片的高度发生变化，需要更换刀片进行重新调整，这种调节通常是非常麻烦的，现场施工人员很难掌握，也会影响熔接质量，目前市面上大部分切割刀都采用这种方法，都存在这些问题，一直没有得到解决，影响熔接质量最终会导致后续光纤的传输率损耗很大，特 别对于干线上，是承受不起这么大的损耗的。
第二种，在光纤两边预先施加拉力，然后进刀产生刀口，由于光纤的直径只有125微米，而且剥取涂覆层以后，变得非常的脆，易碎，由于直径太小，要把它夹紧又不夹断，对材料的选择要求很高，当把它夹紧的时候，夹持面需要做得非常的光滑，同时又要有足够的摩擦力，这非常的困难，目前大多采用高精度昂贵的v型槽夹持面(夹具，和第一种方式不同在于，这里是夹持光纤表面且同时像两侧拉，所以夹持面不是弹性体，是精度较高的硬质表面)；对于刀具部分，目前只有超声波切割刀和一些非常高端的刀具采用这种方法，价格比采用第一种办法的光纤切割刀具，贵几十倍。
即使采用了这些高精度昂贵的v型槽夹持面，在使用中也必须随时清洁，稍微落有灰尘在夹持面上，夹持时夹持面对灰尘挤压，会对光纤上对应的与灰尘接触的部分造成较大的应力，就会导致光纤断裂，因此对操作环境要求极高；
除了这个问题以外，非超声波的刀具，是把光纤拉紧以后，刀在压力的作用下，在光纤表面压出刀口，因此对刀具的要求也是非常的高，目前只有很少的厂家能加工这种精度的刀具，所以这类刀具目前在市场上没有普及，加工难度太高导致价格昂贵。
同时，在一些专利中，也提到了一种不剥涂覆层的切割方法，但是目前的光纤熔接机，主流都是只能使用剥除涂覆层后的光纤，这种方法切割出来的光纤大部分光纤熔接机无法使用；
即使采用这种方法先切割出光纤，然后再剥涂覆层，在清洁以后，很大概率涂覆层残渣会聚集在光纤端面，即使采用酒精也很难清除，同时进行预放电清洁的电量很难控制，通常会把涂覆层残渣烧成光纤端面上的突起物，影响熔接质量，导致后续光纤的传输率损耗很大，特别对于干线上，是承受不起这么大的损耗的。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明的发明目的在于提供一种降低夹持件的夹持面精度要求从而减低成本、降低切割时对操作环境的要求从而增加光纤切割的成功率进而增加效率降低成本的光纤切割方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种光纤切割方法，其包括步骤：
A、剥除光纤外部结构，使光纤需切割处所在的段节的外部只保留涂覆层；
B、至少对光纤的一端夹持，对光纤需切割处周围的涂覆层进行剥除；
C、通过所述段节的两端进行夹持且夹持件对光纤施加拉力，在已剥除涂覆层的所述光纤需切割处对光纤进行切割。
本申请和现有技术最大的不同在于，剥除涂覆层时，只剥除中间的一部分，然后两端的夹持件夹持在未剥除的涂覆层上，对光纤进行张拉；
和背景技术中所述的第一种方式相比，所述第一种方式是采用夹持后进行切割，然后对刀口的背向沿刀口施加压力来使光纤断裂，所以其对光纤的夹持需要采用弹性体(橡胶)，以此来承受对刀口的背向沿刀口施加压力时给予橡胶的光纤径向方向的力，防止光纤断裂，故会存在背景技术中的一系列问题，本申请采用张拉断裂的方式，采用和背景技术中第二种方式相近的方式，不用采用背景技术中橡胶的方案，不会存在背景技术中的时间长了橡胶硬度发生变化等一系列问题；
但是由于其剥除涂覆层时，只剥除中间的一部分，夹持时两端的夹持件夹持在未剥除的涂覆层上，相比较背景技术中第二种方式，由于通过涂覆层夹持光纤，没有直接夹持到光纤表面，夹持件的夹持面要求则不用达到背景技术中高精度昂贵的v型槽夹持面那样高，也可以达到夹持不断裂光纤的效果，可以大大降低成本，同时，对操作环境要求也大大降低，即使有灰尘落在夹持面上，由于通过涂覆层夹持光纤，所以灰尘所带来的夹持时的集中的应力会被涂覆层 消耗，不会直接接触到光纤表面，光纤不会断裂。
作为本发明的优选方案，步骤B、C中，对所述段节的两端进行夹持的面为硬质表面，对光纤的张拉效果更好。
作为本发明的优选方案，步骤B、C中，对所述段节的两端进行夹持时对光纤的夹持力为恒定的力，防止光纤被夹断，同时又能够使光纤被切割到一定深度后被拉断。
作为本发明的优选方案，步骤C中，对所述光纤进行切割时，具体为：采用圆盘刀片逐步向光纤靠近进行切割，且圆盘刀片保持绕自身轴线旋转的状态，相比背景技术中第二种方式的刀具，由于圆盘刀片是保持旋转的，所以其对光纤不用像背景技术中那样纯靠压力进行压出刀口(背景技术中那样的刀必须非常锋利，加工精度很高，成本高)，圆盘刀片的加工要求被降低，降低成本，同时相比超声波切刀，成本低很多，以及在201210539579X，201280013805.9中提到了一种刀片旋转，但是目的是为了更换切割面，不是为了旋转形成切割。
作为本发明的优选方案，步骤A中，进行所述剥除光纤外部结构之前，通过移动终端的摄像装置对光纤外部颜色以及编码进行识别，形成特征数据，并根据特征数据判断光纤种类，再把光纤的种类信息传输给切割刀，使所述步骤B、C中切割刀对应采用匹配光纤的加工参数，比如所述移动终端为手机，则可以使原本切割机内需要的数据被外置设备处理，降低切割机的制造要求，甚至取消切割机内原本的CPU，降低成本。
作为本发明的优选方案，步骤B中，所述涂覆层剥除后对剥除部分的光纤表面进行酒精清洁，是光纤表面更干净，后续切割以及熔接效果更好。
本发明的有益效果是：
本申请和现有技术最大的不同在于，剥除涂覆层时，只剥除中间的一部分，然后两端的夹持件夹持在未剥除的涂覆层上，对光纤进行张拉；
和背景技术中所述的第一种方式相比，所述第一种方式是采用夹持后进行切割，然后对刀口的背向沿刀口施加压力来使光纤断裂，所以其对光纤的夹持需要采用弹性体(橡胶)，以此来承受对刀口的背向沿刀口施加压力时给予橡胶的光纤径向方向的力，防止光纤断裂，故会存在背景技术中的一系列问题，本申请采用张拉断裂的方式，采用和背景技术中第二种方式相近的方式，不用采用背景技术中橡胶的方案，不会存在背景技术中的时间长了橡胶硬度发生变化等一系列问题；
但是由于其剥除涂覆层时，只剥除中间的一部分，夹持时两端的夹持件夹持在未剥除的涂覆层上，相比较背景技术中第二种方式，由于通过涂覆层夹持光纤，没有直接夹持到光纤表面，夹持件的夹持面要求则不用达到背景技术中高精度昂贵的v型槽夹持面那样高，也可以达到夹持不断裂光纤的效果，可以大大降低成本，同时，对操作环境要求也大大降低，即使有灰尘落在夹持面上，由于通过涂覆层夹持光纤，所以灰尘所带来的夹持时的集中的应力会被涂覆层消耗，不会直接接触到光纤表面，光纤不会断裂。
附图说明
图1是本发明切割时的剖面示意图；
图中标记：1-夹持件，2-涂覆层，3-光纤，4-圆盘刀片。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例，凡基于本发明的发明内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种光纤切割方法，其包括步骤：
A、通过移动终端的摄像装置对光纤外部颜色以及编码进行识别，形成特征数据，并根据特征数据判断光纤种类，再把光纤的种类信息传输给切割刀，切割刀采用对应光纤种类的加工参数进行下序工序；
开始剥除光纤外部结构，使光纤需切割处所在的段节的外部只保留涂覆层；
B、至少对光纤的一端夹持(可以只夹持一端进行涂覆层2的剥除)，对光纤需切割处周围的涂覆层2进行剥除，对剥除部分的光纤3表面进行酒精清洁；
C、通过所述段节的两端进行夹持的夹持件1对光纤3施加拉力(图1中，图中夹持件1和涂覆层2之间分开只是为了表示清楚结构以及相对的位置，实际使用过程中，夹持件1是和涂覆层2接触的,夹持件1的夹持面为硬质表面)，所述拉力为恒定的力，在已剥除涂覆层2的所述光纤需切割处对光纤3进行切割；
步骤B、C中，对所述段节的两端进行夹持时对光纤的夹持力为恒定的力(对同种类型的光纤夹持时夹持力为恒定的力，具体的，对于所有类型的光纤来说，可以匹配的夹持力范围在6-10牛，比如，对某一类光纤夹持时，为6牛恒定的夹持力，对另一类光纤夹持时，为9牛恒定的夹持力)，步骤C中夹持件对光纤施加的拉力为恒定的力(对同种类型的光纤拉动时拉力为恒定的力，比如对剥除涂覆层后直径为125微米的单模光纤，拉力可选择的范围在2-2.5牛，对于这种光纤，2-2.5牛范围内的拉力均可，但拉动时任需保持恒定的拉力)；
步骤C中进行切割工艺时，采用圆盘刀片4逐步向光纤3靠近进行切割(如图1)，且圆盘刀片4保持绕自身轴线旋转的状态。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种光纤切割方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：
    A、剥除光纤外部结构，使光纤需切割处所在的段节的外部只保留涂覆层；
    B、至少对光纤的一端夹持，对光纤需切割处周围的涂覆层进行剥除；
    C、通过所述段节的两端进行夹持且夹持件对光纤施加拉力，在已剥除涂覆层的所述光纤需切割处对光纤进行切割。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光纤切割方法，其特征在于，步骤B、C中，对所述段节的两端进行夹持的面为硬质表面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光纤切割方法，其特征在于，步骤B、C中，对所述段节的两端进行夹持时对光纤的夹持力为恒定的力。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光纤切割方法，其特征在于，步骤C中，对所述光纤进行切割时，具体为：采用圆盘刀片逐步向光纤靠近进行切割，且圆盘刀片保持绕自身轴线旋转的状态。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光纤切割方法，其特征在于，步骤A中，进行所述剥除光纤外部结构之前，通过移动终端的摄像装置对光纤外部颜色以及编码进行识别，形成特征数据，并根据特征数据判断光纤种类，再把光纤的种类信息传输给切割刀，使所述步骤B、C中切割刀对应采用匹配光纤的加工参数。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光纤切割方法，其特征在于，步骤B中，所述涂覆层剥除后对剥除部分的光纤表面进行酒精清洁。
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