WO2019004260A1 - エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物、ペレットおよび多層構造体 - Google Patents
エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物、ペレットおよび多層構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019004260A1 WO2019004260A1 PCT/JP2018/024308 JP2018024308W WO2019004260A1 WO 2019004260 A1 WO2019004260 A1 WO 2019004260A1 JP 2018024308 W JP2018024308 W JP 2018024308W WO 2019004260 A1 WO2019004260 A1 WO 2019004260A1
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- Prior art keywords
- evoh resin
- resin composition
- compound
- ethylene
- acid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/042—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
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- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/08—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an EVOH resin composition containing an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (hereinafter referred to as "EVOH resin") as a main component, a pellet and a multilayer structure made of the EVOH resin composition, and further Specifically, the present invention relates to an EVOH resin composition which is suppressed in color after heating and has excellent heat stability, a pellet made of the EVOH resin composition, and a multilayer structure provided with a layer made of the EVOH resin composition.
- EVOH resin ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer
- EVOH resin is excellent in transparency, gas barrier properties such as oxygen, odor retention, solvent resistance, oil resistance, mechanical strength, etc., and is formed into a film, a sheet, a bottle, etc., food packaging material, pharmaceutical packaging material, It is widely used as various packaging materials such as industrial chemical packaging materials and agrochemical packaging materials.
- EVOH resin (A) can be used as a resin composition that can suppress the occurrence of defects such as fish eyes, gels, streaks and the like during melt molding, and can form molded articles such as containers and films excellent in appearance.
- Resin compositions containing an unsaturated aldehyde (B) and having a content of the unsaturated aldehyde (B) relative to the resin composition of 0.01 ppm or more and 100 ppm or less are known (for example, see Patent Document 1) ).
- a conjugated polyene compound in the resin composition it is possible to suppress the oxidative deterioration at the time of melt molding.
- the said resin composition is described as being able to suppress generation
- aldehyde compounds such as the above-mentioned unsaturated aldehydes are often used because they may cause odors, even if they are in small amounts, and they may volatilize particularly in the molding process exposed to high temperatures, which may cause deterioration of the working environment. hard. Therefore, there has been a demand for an EVOH resin that is resistant to thermal degradation during heating and that provides high-quality molded articles.
- the present invention is an EVOH resin composition containing an EVOH resin (A), a compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure, and an iron compound (C), wherein the content of the iron compound (C) is EVOH resin
- An EVOH resin composition having a content of 0.01 to 20 ppm in terms of metal per weight of the composition is taken as the first aspect.
- the present invention is characterized in that the pellet made of the EVOH resin composition is the second gist, and the multilayer structure provided with the layer made of the EVOH resin composition is the third gist.
- the EVOH resin composition of the present invention is an EVOH resin composition containing an EVOH resin (A), a compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure, and an iron compound (C), and the content of the iron compound (C) Is 0.01 to 20 ppm in terms of metal per weight of the EVOH resin composition, coloration after heating is suppressed, and thermal stability is excellent.
- the content of the compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure is 1 to 30000 ppm by weight of the EVOH resin composition, coloring after heating is further suppressed, and the thermal stability is excellent.
- the weight ratio of the content of the compound (B) having the conjugated polyene structure to the content of the iron compound (C) in metal conversion is the content of the compound (B) having the conjugated polyene structure / metal conversion
- the content of the iron compound (C) in the above 0.2 to 50000, the color after heating is further suppressed, and the heat stability is excellent.
- pellets made of the EVOH resin composition of the present invention can be suitably used as various molded products, for example, as packaging materials for food, medicine, agricultural chemicals, etc., since coloring after heating is suppressed.
- a multilayer structure provided with a layer comprising the EVOH resin composition of the present invention is particularly useful as a packaging material for food, medicine, agricultural chemicals, etc. because of its good quality.
- the EVOH resin composition of the present invention comprises an EVOH resin (A) as a main component, and a compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure and an iron compound (C).
- the base resin is EVOH resin (A). That is, the content of EVOH resin (A) in the EVOH resin composition is usually 70% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 95% by weight It is above.
- each component will be described in order.
- the EVOH resin (A) used in the present invention is generally a resin obtained by saponifying an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer which is a copolymer of ethylene and a vinyl ester monomer, and is non-water soluble It is a thermoplastic resin. From the economical point of view, vinyl acetate is generally used as the vinyl ester monomer.
- any known polymerization method for example, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization and the like can be used. Generally, methanol is used. Solution polymerization using a solvent is used. Saponification of the obtained ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer can also be carried out by a known method.
- the EVOH resin (A) thus produced is mainly composed of a structural unit derived from ethylene and a vinyl alcohol structural unit, and contains a slight amount of vinyl ester structural unit remaining without being saponified.
- vinyl ester-based monomer vinyl acetate is typically used from the viewpoint of good market availability and high efficiency of treatment of impurities at the time of production.
- Other vinyl ester monomers include, for example, vinyl formate, vinyl propionate, vinyl valerate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl isobutyrate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl versatate and the like.
- Aliphatic vinyl esters, aromatic vinyl esters such as vinyl benzoate and the like can be mentioned, and aliphatic vinyl esters having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 4 to 7 carbon atoms are generally used. Can. These are usually used alone, but two or more species may be used simultaneously as required.
- the content of the ethylene structural unit in the EVOH resin (A) can be controlled by the pressure of ethylene at the time of copolymerizing the vinyl ester monomer and ethylene, and is usually 20 to 60 mol%, preferably 25 to 50 mol. %, Particularly preferably 25 to 35 mol%.
- content of this ethylene structural unit can be measured based on ISO14663.
- the degree of saponification of the vinyl ester component in EVOH resin (A) is the amount of saponification catalyst (usually an alkaline catalyst such as sodium hydroxide is used) when saponifying ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, temperature And 90 to 100 mol%, preferably 95 to 100 mol%, and particularly preferably 99 to 100 mol%. If the degree of saponification is too low, the gas barrier properties, thermal stability, moisture resistance and the like tend to decrease.
- the degree of saponification of the EVOH resin (A) can be measured based on JIS K 6726 (however, the EVOH resin is used as a solution uniformly dissolved in water / methanol solvent).
- the melt flow rate (MFR) (210 ° C., load 2160 g) of the EVOH resin (A) is usually 0.5 to 100 g / 10 min, preferably 1 to 50 g / 10 min, particularly preferably 3 to 35 g It is 10 minutes. If the MFR is too large, the stability during film formation tends to be impaired, and if it is too small, the viscosity tends to be too high and melt extrusion tends to be difficult.
- the MFR is an index of the degree of polymerization of the EVOH resin, and can be adjusted by the amount of the polymerization initiator or the amount of the solvent when the ethylene and the vinyl ester monomer are copolymerized.
- EVOH resin (A) used in the present invention structural units derived from the comonomers shown below are further included within a range not inhibiting the effect of the present invention (for example, 20 mol% or less of the EVOH resin (A)). It may be done.
- Examples of the comonomer include olefins such as propylene, 1-butene and isobutene, 3-buten-1-ol, 3-butene-1,2-diol, 4-penten-1-ol, 5-hexene-1,2 Hydroxy group-containing ⁇ -olefins such as diols and derivatives thereof such as esters and acylates thereof; hydroxyalkyl vinylidenes such as 2-methylenepropane-1,3-diol, 3-methylenepentane-1,5-diol; Hydroxyalkylvinylidene diacetates such as 1,3-diacetoxy-2-methylenepropane, 1,3-dipropionyloxy-2-methylenepropane, 1,3-dibutyryloxy-2-methylenepropane; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid , Crotonic acid, (anhydride) phthalic acid, (anhydride) maleic acid, (anhydride) itaconic acid
- an EVOH resin having a primary hydroxyl group in a side chain is preferable in that the secondary formability becomes good while maintaining the gas barrier property, and in particular, an EVOH resin obtained by copolymerizing a hydroxy group-containing ⁇ -olefin is preferable.
- EVOH resins having a 1,2-diol structure in the side chain are preferred.
- the content is usually 0.1 to 20 mol%, preferably 0.5 to 15 mol%, and particularly preferably 1 to 10 mol%.
- the EVOH resin (A) used in the present invention may be one that has been "post-modified” such as urethanization, acetalization, cyanoethylation, oxyalkylenation and the like.
- the EVOH resin (A) used in the present invention may be a mixture with other different EVOH resins, and as such other EVOH resins, those having different content of ethylene structural unit, different in degree of saponification Those having different polymerization degrees, those having different copolymerization components, and the like can be mentioned. Among them, it is preferable to use two or more types of EVOH resins having different ethylene structural unit contents.
- the compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure used in the present invention is a structure in which a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon-carbon single bond are alternately connected, and the number of carbon-carbon double bonds is 2 It is a compound having a so-called conjugated double bond which is more than one.
- the compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure is a conjugated diene compound having a structure in which two carbon-carbon double bonds and one carbon-carbon single bond are alternately connected, three carbon-carbon double bonds Conjugated triene compounds having a structure in which a bond and two carbon-carbon single bonds are alternately connected, or a structure in which more carbon-carbon double bonds and carbon-carbon single bonds are alternately connected It may be a conjugated polyene compound.
- aromatic carboxylic acids such as cinnamic acids and quinones such as hydroquinone and benzoquinone are excluded.
- the formed product may be colored by the color of the conjugated polyene compound itself, so the number of conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds is 7 or less. It is preferred to have a certain polyene structure.
- the conjugated double bonds composed of two or more carbon-carbon double bonds may be in plural pairs in one molecule without being conjugated to each other. For example, a compound having three conjugated trienes in the same molecule, such as soy sauce, is also included in the compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure.
- Examples of the compound (B) having such a conjugated polyene structure include isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-diethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-t-butyl-1 , 3-Butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3-ethyl 1,3-1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 4-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 2,4-hexadiene, 2 1, 5-Dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene, 1,3-octadiene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1-phenyl-1,3-but
- Conjugated triene compounds consisting of a conjugated structure of three heavy bonds; Conjugating four or more carbon-carbon double bonds such as cyclooctatetraene, 2,4,6,8-decatetraene-1-carboxylic acid, retinol, retinoic acid
- the compound etc. which have the conjugated polyene structure which consists of structures are mention
- Two or more kinds of compounds (B) having such conjugated polyene structure can be used in combination. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- those having a carboxyl group are preferable in that they have high affinity to water, and more preferably chain compounds having a carboxyl group, in particular Are preferably sorbic acids, especially sorbic acid.
- the molecular weight of the compound (B) having the conjugated polyene structure is usually 30 to 500, preferably 50 to 400, and particularly preferably 100 to 300, from the viewpoint of productivity and handleability.
- the number of carbon atoms in one molecule of the compound (B) having the conjugated polyene structure is usually 4 to 30, preferably 4 to 20, and particularly preferably 4 to 10 from the viewpoint of productivity and handleability. is there.
- the content of the compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure in the EVOH resin composition of the present invention is usually 1 to 30000 ppm, preferably 10 to 10000 ppm, particularly preferably 30 to 1000 ppm based on the weight of the EVOH resin composition. And particularly preferably 50 to 500 ppm.
- the productivity tends to be impaired, and when too small, the thermal stability tends to be reduced.
- the content of the compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure in the EVOH resin composition can be measured, for example, using a liquid chromatograph-ultraviolet spectrometer, based on the following procedure.
- a liquid chromatograph-ultraviolet spectrometer based on the following procedure.
- the following procedure is described taking the case of using sorbic acid as an example, the same procedure can be applied to another compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure by using an extraction solvent suitable for the compound. It can be measured by
- the EVOH resin composition of the present invention contains the iron compound (C) in addition to the EVOH resin (A) and the compound (B) having the conjugated polyene structure, and the content of the iron compound (C) is specified It is characterized by being a minute amount. Since the EVOH resin composition of the present invention has the above configuration, it can suppress coloring and is excellent in thermal stability.
- EVOH resin is colored due to thermal degradation. It is considered that this is because the hydroxyl group possessed by the EVOH resin is dehydrated by heat, a double bond is generated in the main chain of the EVOH resin, the site becomes a reaction starting point, dehydration is promoted, and a conjugated polyene structure is formed.
- EVOH resin compositions containing an iron compound (C) are generally avoided by those skilled in the art because the product is believed to be colored by iron ions.
- an EVOH resin composition in which coloration after heating is suppressed can be obtained by containing a slight amount of iron compound (C) in the EVOH resin composition.
- Iron can be present as divalent and trivalent ions.
- the reason why the effect of the present invention can be obtained by using a combination of a trace amount of iron compound and a compound having a conjugated polyene structure is that the compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure to be used in combination often reduces trivalent iron ions; The iron ion of valence is generated, and the cycle of the activity of the compound (B) having the conjugated polyene structure reappearing by the reduction of the compound (B) having the conjugated polyene structure again by the divalent iron ion occurring. It is guessed.
- the iron compound (C) is present in the EVOH resin composition, for example, as an oxide, hydroxide, chloride or iron salt, in an ionized state, or as a resin or other ligand. It may be present in the form of a complex in which it interacts with Examples of the oxide include ferric oxide, tetrairon tetraoxide, iron suboxide and the like. Examples of the chloride include ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and the like. Examples of the hydroxide include ferrous hydroxide, ferric hydroxide and the like.
- iron salt examples include inorganic salts such as iron phosphate and iron sulfate, and organic salts such as carboxylic acid (acetic acid, butyric acid, stearic acid and the like) and iron. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the iron compound (C) is preferably water soluble from the viewpoint of dispersibility in the EVOH resin composition.
- the molecular weight is usually 100 to 10000, preferably 100 to 1000, and particularly preferably 100 to 500, from the viewpoint of dispersibility and productivity.
- the content of the iron compound (C) is 0.01 to 20 ppm in terms of metal per weight of the EVOH resin composition.
- the content of such an iron compound (C) is preferably 0.03 to 8 ppm, particularly preferably 0.05 to 3 ppm, particularly preferably 0.05 to 1.5 ppm.
- the coloring inhibition effect is insufficient, and conversely, when it is too large, the molded product is colored.
- the iron compound (C) content is obtained by ashing the EVOH resin composition 0.5 g in an infrared heating furnace (650 ° C. in an oxygen stream, 1 hour), acid dissolving the remaining ash, and pure water
- the determined solution can be determined as a sample solution by measurement using ICP-MS (manufactured by Agilent Technologies, 7500ce type; standard addition method).
- the EVOH resin composition of the present invention comprises the weight ratio of the content of the compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure to the content of the iron compound (C) in terms of the metal (containing the compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure Amount / content of iron compound (C) in terms of metal) is usually 0.2 to 50000, preferably 1 to 25000, particularly preferably 5 to 10000, particularly preferably 50 to 5000 .
- the ratio is too large, the thermal stability tends to be impaired, and when it is too small, the molded article tends to be colored.
- thermoplastic resin In the EVOH resin composition of the present invention, a thermoplastic resin other than the EVOH resin (A) is in a range not inhibiting the effects of the present invention (for example, usually 30% by weight or less of the EVOH resin composition, preferably 20% by weight or less And particularly preferably 10% by weight or less).
- thermoplastic resin can be used as another thermoplastic resin.
- These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the EVOH resin composition of this invention may contain the compounding agent generally mix
- inorganic complex salts eg, hydrotalcite etc.
- plasticizers eg, aliphatic polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, glycerin, hexanediol etc.
- oxygen absorbers eg aluminum powder, potassium sulfite, photocatalytic oxidation Inorganic oxygen absorbers such as titanium; ascorbic acid, fatty acid esters and metal salts thereof, hydroquinones, gallic acids, polyhydric phenols such as hydroxyl group-containing phenol aldehyde resins, bis-salicylic aldehyde-imine cobalt, tetraethylene pentamine Coordination complex of nitrogen-containing compounds such as cobalt, cobalt-Schiff base complex, porphyrins, macrocyclic polyamine complex, polyethyleneimine-co
- thermal stabilizers thermal stabilizers, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, colorants, antistatic agents, surfactants ( However, except for those used as lubricants), antimicrobial agents, antiblocking agents, fillers (e.g., may be blended inorganic fillers and the like) and the like. These compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Method of producing EVOH resin composition examples include known methods such as dry blending method, melt mixing method, solution mixing method, impregnation method, etc. It is also possible to combine them.
- Examples of the dry blending method include: (i) a method of dry blending a pellet of EVOH resin (A), and a compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure and an iron compound (C) using a tumbler or the like.
- melt mixing method for example, (ii) pellets of EVOH resin (A) and a dry blend of a compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure and an iron compound (C) are melt-kneaded to obtain pellets or molded products. And (iii) a compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure and an iron compound (C) are added to a molten EVOH resin (A) and melt-kneaded to obtain pellets or molded articles. .
- a solution is prepared using pellets of a commercially available EVOH resin (A), and a compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure and an iron compound (C) are compounded therein, The method of solidifying and pelletizing, solid-liquid separation and drying, and (v) uniform solution of ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer solution or EVOH resin before saponification in the process of producing EVOH resin (A)
- a compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure and an iron compound (C) are contained in a water / alcohol solution or the like), and then coagulated, formed into pellets, solid-liquid separated, and dried.
- pellets of (vi) EVOH resin (A) are brought into contact with an aqueous solution containing a compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure and an iron compound (C), and the EVOH resin (A) pellet is
- the method of drying after containing the compound (B) and the iron compound (C) which have a conjugated polyene structure in it can be mentioned.
- the melt mixing method is preferable, and in particular, the method (ii) is preferable, from the viewpoint that the EVOH resin composition in which the productivity and the effect of the present invention are more remarkable can be obtained.
- the shape of the EVOH resin composition pellet of this invention obtained by said each method and the shape of the pellet of EVOH resin (A) used by said each method are arbitrary.
- the minor axis is usually 1 to 10 mm, preferably 2 to 6 mm, more preferably 2.5 to 5.5 mm
- the major axis is usually 1.5 to 30 mm, preferably 3 to 20, more preferably Is 3.5 to 10 mm.
- the diameter of the bottom is usually 1 to 6 mm, preferably 2 to 5 mm
- the length is usually 1 to 6 mm, preferably 2 to 5 mm.
- a water-soluble iron compound is preferably used, for example, ferric oxide, ferric oxide, iron suboxide, etc.
- the iron compound (C) is present in the EVOH resin composition as the above-mentioned salt, in the ionized state, or in the state of the complex which has interacted with the resin and other ligands. May exist.
- an aqueous solution containing the iron compound (C) used by the method of said (vi) an aqueous solution of the said iron compound (C) and an iron material are eluted by immersing steel materials in water containing various agents. It can be used.
- the content (in terms of metal) of the iron compound (C) in the EVOH resin composition is the concentration of the iron compound (C) in the aqueous solution in which the pellet of the EVOH resin (A) is immersed, the immersion temperature, It is possible to control by time etc.
- the immersion temperature and immersion time are usually 0.5 to 48 hours, preferably 1 to 36 hours, and the immersion temperature is usually 10 to 40 ° C., preferably 20 to 35 ° C.
- the pellet after this immersion is subjected to solid-liquid separation by a known method and dried by a known drying method.
- various drying methods can be adopted, and either stationary drying or fluid drying may be used. Moreover, it can also carry out combining these.
- the moisture content of the EVOH resin composition pellet of the present invention is usually 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 0.35% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.3% by weight. %.
- the moisture content of the EVOH resin composition pellet in the present invention is measured and calculated by the following method.
- the weight (W1) before drying of the EVOH resin composition pellet is weighed with an electronic balance, dried in a hot air drier at 150 ° C. for 5 hours, and the weight (W2) after standing for 30 minutes in a desiccator is weighed. , Calculated from the following equation.
- Moisture content (% by weight) [(W1-W2) / W1] ⁇ 100
- the thermal stability of the EVOH resin composition of the present invention can be evaluated by the weight reduction ratio, and the weight reduction ratio of the EVOH resin composition of the present invention is usually 0.7 to 1.1%. It is preferably 0.8 to 1.0%, particularly preferably 0.9%.
- the weight loss rate is too small (the weight loss is too small), the EVOH resin composition hardly decomposes, thickening with time during melt molding and tending to decrease long run formability, and the weight loss rate If the value of is too large (too much weight loss), it indicates that the EVOH resin composition is overly degraded, and foams due to gas or the like resulting from the decomposition of the EVOH resin composition, which adversely affects the appearance of a molded article or the like Tend to cause
- the weight loss ratio is 5 mg of EVOH resin composition pulverized into 1 to 5 mm squares, using a thermogravimetric measuring apparatus (Pyris 1 TGA manufactured by Perkin Elmer), under a nitrogen atmosphere, air flow velocity: 20 mL / From the weight before and after heating, which is obtained by measurement under the conditions of minute, temperature: 230 ° C., time: 1 hour, it is calculated from the following equation.
- Weight loss rate (%) [(weight before heating-weight after heating) / weight before heating] x 100
- the pellet of the EVOH resin composition thus obtained can be subjected to melt molding as it is, but from the point of stabilizing feedability at the time of melt molding, a known lubricant is attached to the surface of the pellet.
- a known lubricant is attached to the surface of the pellet.
- Types of lubricants include, for example, higher fatty acids having 12 or more carbon atoms (eg, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, etc.), higher fatty acid esters (eg, methyl esters of higher fatty acids, Saturated higher fatty acid amides such as isopropyl ester, butyl ester, octyl ester etc., higher fatty acid amides (eg, lauric acid amide, myristic acid amide, palmitic acid amide, stearic acid amide, behenic acid amide, etc .; oleic acid amide,
- the EVOH resin composition of the present invention is prepared as various forms of EVOH resin composition such as pellets, powder or liquid, and provided as molding materials for various molded products. Particularly in the present invention, when provided as a material for melt molding, the effect of the present invention tends to be obtained more efficiently, which is preferable.
- the resin composition obtained by mixing resin other than EVOH resin (A) used for EVOH resin composition of this invention is also contained in EVOH resin composition of this invention.
- a multilayer structure having a layer molded using the EVOH resin composition of the present invention, including a single layer film molded using the EVOH resin composition of the present invention, is practically used. It can be provided.
- the multilayer structure of the present invention comprises a layer composed of the EVOH resin composition of the present invention.
- the layer composed of the EVOH resin composition of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “EVOH resin composition layer”) is another base material (hereinafter referred to as “the EVOH resin composition layer” of the present invention) other than the EVOH resin composition of the present invention.
- EVOH resin composition layer is another base material (hereinafter referred to as "the EVOH resin composition layer” of the present invention) other than the EVOH resin composition of the present invention.
- the base resin examples include linear low density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, ultra low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, ethylene-propylene (block and random) copolymer, ethylene- ⁇ -olefin Polyethylene resins such as (C4 to C20 ⁇ -olefin) copolymers, polypropylene, polypropylene resins such as polypropylene and propylene- ⁇ -olefin (C4 to C20 ⁇ -olefin) copolymers, polybutene, polypentene And (unmodified) polyolefin resins such as polycycloolefin resin (polymer having cyclic olefin structure and at least one of main chain and side chain), and graft modification of these polyolefins with unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester thereof Unsaturated carboxylic acid modified polyolefin tree And other polyolefin resins in the broad sense, including modified olefin resins, iono
- polyamide resins, polyolefin resins, polyester resins, and polystyrene resins, which are hydrophobic resins, are preferable, and more preferably, polyethylene resins, polypropylene resins, polycyclic olefin resins, and unsaturated thereof. It is polyolefin resin, such as carboxylic acid modified polyolefin resin.
- the layer configuration of the multilayer structure is a / b when the EVOH resin composition layer of the present invention is a (a1, a2, ...) and the base resin layer is b (b1, b2, ...) , B / a / b, a / b / a, a1 / a2 / b, a / b1 / b2, b2 / b1 / a / b1 / b2, b2 / b1 / a / b1 / / b2, etc. Any combination is possible.
- a recycled layer containing a mixture of the EVOH resin composition of the present invention and the base resin, which is obtained by re-melt molding an end portion or a defective product or the like generated in the process of manufacturing the multilayer structure is R.
- the number of layers in the multilayer structure is usually 2 to 15, preferably 3 to 10 in total.
- an adhesive resin layer containing an adhesive resin may be interposed between each layer, as needed.
- thermoplastic resin used for base-material resin layer "b"
- a modified polyolefin polymer containing a carboxyl group obtained by chemically bonding an unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride to a polyolefin resin by an addition reaction, a graft reaction or the like.
- modified polyolefin polymer containing a carboxyl group examples include maleic anhydride graft modified polyethylene, maleic anhydride graft modified polypropylene, maleic anhydride graft modified ethylene-propylene (block and random) copolymer, and maleic anhydride Examples thereof include graft modified ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, maleic anhydride graft modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, maleic anhydride modified polycyclic olefin resin, and maleic anhydride graft modified polyolefin resin. And 1 type, or 2 or more types of mixtures chosen from these can be used.
- the adhesive resin layer is located on both sides of the EVOH resin composition layer, and thus hydrophobic. It is preferable to use an adhesive resin having excellent properties.
- the above-mentioned base resin and adhesive resin are plastic as conventionally known in the range (for example, 30% by weight or less, preferably 10% by weight or less based on the whole resin) which does not disturb the purpose of the present invention It may contain an agent, filler, clay (montmorillonite, etc.), coloring agent, antioxidant, antistatic agent, lubricant, core material, antiblocking agent, wax and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Lamination of the EVOH resin composition of the present invention and the above-mentioned base resin can be carried out by a known method.
- a method of melt extruding a base resin on a film, sheet or the like of the EVOH resin composition of the present invention a method of melt extruding an EVOH resin composition of the present invention on a base resin layer, EVOH resin composition and base Method of co-extruding the resin material and dry laminating the EVOH resin composition (layer) and the base resin (layer) using a known adhesive such as an organic titanium compound, an isocyanate compound, a polyester compound or a polyurethane compound
- a method, a method of removing a solvent after coating a solution of EVOH resin composition on a base resin, and the like can be mentioned.
- a coextrusion method is preferable in consideration of cost and environment.
- the multilayer structure as described above is then subjected to a (heating) stretching treatment, if necessary.
- the stretching treatment may be either uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching, and in the case of biaxial stretching, it may be simultaneous stretching or sequential stretching.
- a roll stretching method a tenter stretching method, a tubular stretching method, a stretch blow method, a vacuum pressure air forming, or the like having a high stretch ratio can be employed.
- the stretching temperature is selected from the range of about 40 to 170 ° C., preferably about 60 to 160 ° C., at a temperature near the melting point of the multilayer structure. When the stretching temperature is too low, the stretchability tends to be poor, and when it is too high, it tends to be difficult to maintain a stable stretched state.
- the heat setting can be carried out by a known means, and for example, the stretched film is heat-treated at usually 80 to 180 ° C., preferably 100 to 165 ° C., usually for 2 to 600 seconds while keeping the tension state.
- said heat setting is not performed, for example, the cold wind to the film after extending
- a squeeze forming method is generally employed, and specific examples thereof include a vacuum forming method, an air pressure forming method, a vacuum air pressure forming method, and a plug assist type vacuum air pressure forming method.
- a blow molding method is employed.
- extrusion blow molding double-headed, mold moving, parison shift, rotary, accumulator, horizontal parison, etc.
- cold parison blow molding injection blow molding
- biaxial stretching Blow molding methods extentrusion type cold parison biaxial stretch blow molding method, injection type cold parison biaxial stretch blow molding method, injection molding in-line biaxial stretch blow molding method, etc.
- the resulting laminate should be subjected to heat treatment, cooling treatment, rolling treatment, printing treatment, dry lamination treatment, solution or melt coating treatment, bag-making processing, deep drawing processing, box processing, tube processing, split processing, etc. as necessary.
- Thickness of multilayer structure is usually 10 to 5000 ⁇ m, preferably 30 to 3000 ⁇ m, particularly preferably, although it can not generally be said depending on the type of the conductive resin, the application and the packaging form, and required physical properties. It is 50 to 2000 ⁇ m.
- the EVOH resin composition layer is usually 1 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 3 to 300 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 5 to 200 ⁇ m, and the base resin layer is usually 5 to 3000 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 2000 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 20 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the adhesive resin layer is usually 0.5 to 250 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 150 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 3 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the ratio of the thickness of the EVOH resin composition layer to the base resin layer in the multilayer structure is the ratio of the thickest layers when there are multiple layers.
- the ratio is usually 1/99 to 50/50, preferably 5/95 to 45/55, and particularly preferably 10/90 to 40/60.
- the thickness ratio of the EVOH resin composition layer to the adhesive resin layer in the multilayer structure is the ratio of thickest layers when there are a plurality of layers. It is usually 10/90 to 99/1, preferably 20/80 to 95/5, particularly preferably 50/50 to 90/10.
- a bag made of a stretched film a container made of a cup, a tray, a tube, a bottle, etc. and a lid are ordinary foods, as well as seasonings such as mayonnaise and dressing, miso, etc. It is useful as various packaging material containers, such as fermented foods, fats and oils, such as salad oil, beverages, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
- the layer made of the EVOH resin composition of the present invention is particularly useful as a packaging material for foods, medicines, agricultural chemicals, etc. because the coloring is suppressed and the heat stability is excellent.
- EVOH resin (A) an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having an ethylene structural unit content of 29 mol%, a saponification degree of 99.6 mol%, and an MFR of 3.9 g / 10 min (210 ° C., load 2160 g)
- Example 1 100 parts of the pellet of EVOH resin (A), 0.01 part of sorbic acid (molecular weight 112) as compound (B) having conjugated polyene structure (100 ppm per weight of EVOH resin composition), phosphoric acid as iron compound (C) Iron (III) n hydrate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, 230 ° C. loss on drying 20.9% by weight) 0.000034 part (0.1 ppm in terms of metal per weight of EVOH resin composition) of plastograph After preheating at 230 ° C. for 5 minutes in Brabender Co., Ltd., the mixture was melt-kneaded for 5 minutes to obtain an EVOH resin composition of Example 1.
- the obtained EVOH resin composition was ground at 650 rpm with a grinder (Model: SKR 16-240, manufactured by Sometani Sangyo Co., Ltd.) to obtain a ground product.
- the crushed material was a piece of 1 to 5 mm square.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blending amount of iron (III) phosphate n hydrate is changed to 0.00034 parts (1 ppm in terms of metal per weight of EVOH resin composition) in Example 1 An EVOH resin composition of Example 2 was obtained.
- Example 3 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blending amount of iron (III) phosphate n hydrate is changed to 0.0034 parts (10 ppm in terms of metal per weight of EVOH resin composition) in Example 1 An EVOH resin composition of Example 3 was obtained.
- Comparative Example 1 An EVOH resin composition of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that iron (III) phosphate n hydrate was not blended.
- the YI value of the EVOH resin composition obtained by heating a pulverized product of the EVOH resin composition in an oven under an air atmosphere at 150 ° C. for 5 hours was measured using a spectrocolorimeter SE6000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd. At this time, the heated EVOH resin composition was filled in a cylinder having an inner diameter of 32 mm and a height of 30 mm, and was used for measurement in a rubbed state. The larger the value, the yellower the EVOH resin composition is.
- Comparative Example 1 which contains a compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure and does not contain an iron compound (C), the YI value after heating was as high as 58.7, whereas in Examples 1 to 3, the comparative example 1 The value was also low, and it was good.
- Comparative Example 1 which contains the compound (B) having a conjugated polyene structure and does not contain the iron compound (C), the weight reduction rate is high at 1.2%, which is lacking in thermal stability,
- the thermal stability of Examples 1 to 3 using the resin composition of the invention was better than that of Comparative Example 1.
- the EVOH resin composition of the present invention suppresses coloration and is excellent in heat stability, and therefore, in addition to various foods, seasonings such as mayonnaise and dressing, fermented foods such as miso, oil and fat foods such as salad oil, beverages Especially, it is useful as various packaging materials, such as cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
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Abstract
Description
これにより、当該樹脂組成物は、フィッシュアイ等の欠点の発生および着色をより抑制し、成形品の外観性を向上させることができると共に、ロングラン性にもより優れると記載されている。
本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物は、EVOH樹脂(A)を主成分とし、共役ポリエン構造を有する化合物(B)および鉄化合物(C)を含有するものである。本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物は、ベース樹脂がEVOH樹脂(A)である。すなわち、EVOH樹脂組成物におけるEVOH樹脂(A)の含有量は、通常70重量%以上であり、好ましくは80重量%以上であり、より好ましくは90重量%以上であり、特に好ましくは95重量%以上である。以下、各成分について順に説明する。
本発明で用いるEVOH樹脂(A)は、通常、エチレンとビニルエステル系モノマーとの共重合体であるエチレン-ビニルエステル系共重合体をケン化させることにより得られる樹脂であり、非水溶性の熱可塑性樹脂である。上記ビニルエステル系モノマーとしては、経済的な面から、一般的には酢酸ビニルが用いられる。
本発明で用いられる共役ポリエン構造を有する化合物(B)とは、炭素-炭素二重結合と炭素-炭素単結合が交互に繋がってなる構造であって、炭素-炭素二重結合の数が2個以上である、いわゆる共役二重結合を有する化合物である。共役ポリエン構造を有する化合物(B)は、2個の炭素-炭素二重結合と1個の炭素-炭素単結合が交互に繋がってなる構造である共役ジエン化合物、3個の炭素-炭素二重結合と2個の炭素-炭素単結合が交互に繋がってなる構造である共役トリエン化合物、あるいはそれ以上の数の炭素-炭素二重結合と炭素-炭素単結合が交互に繋がってなる構造である共役ポリエン化合物であってもよい。ただし、上記共役ポリエン構造を有する化合物(B)としては、桂皮酸類等の芳香族カルボン酸類、およびハイドロキノン、ベンゾキノン等のキノン類を除く。
(1)EVOH樹脂組成物を凍結粉砕した粉末1gに対して、抽出溶媒(蒸留水:メタノール=1:1、体積比)8mLを添加する。
(2)この溶液に対し温度20℃、静置状態で超音波処理を1時間行い、樹脂中のソルビン酸を抽出し、冷却後に抽出溶媒で10mLに定容する。また、必要に応じて任意の倍率に希釈を行ってもよい。
(3)上記溶液をポアサイズ0.45μmのフィルターで濾過後、液体クロマトグラフ-紫外分光検出器で抽出溶液中のソルビン酸を測定する。
(4)上記の抽出溶媒を用いて調製したソルビン酸の標準溶液から検量線を作成し、絶対検量線法によって、ソルビン酸の含有量を定量する。
LCシステム :Agilent1260/1290[Agilent Technologies社製]
検出器 :Agilent1260 infinity ダイオードアレイ検出器[Agilent Technologies社製]
カラム :Cadenza CD-C18(100×3.0mm、3μm)[Imtakt社製]
カラム温度 :40℃
移動相A :0.05%ギ酸含有 5%アセトニトリルの水溶液
移動相B :0.05%ギ酸含有 95%アセトニトリルの水溶液
タイムプログラム:0.0→5.0分 B%=30%
5.0→8.0分 B%=30%→50%
8.0→10.0分 B%=50%
10.0→13.0分 B%=50%→30%
13.0→15.0分 B%=30%
流量 :0.2mL/分
UV検出波長 :190~400nm
定量波長 :262nm
なお、上記HPLC測定条件における「%」は、体積%を意味する。
本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物は、上記EVOH樹脂(A)、上記共役ポリエン構造を有する化合物(B)に加え鉄化合物(C)を含有し、かつ、この鉄化合物(C)の含有量が特定微量であることを特徴とする。本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物は、上記のような構成を有するため、着色を抑制することができ、熱安定性に優れる。
本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物には、EVOH樹脂(A)以外の熱可塑性樹脂を、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲(例えば、EVOH樹脂組成物の通常30重量%以下、好ましくは20重量%以下、特に好ましくは10重量%以下)にて含有することができる。
また、本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物には、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲において、一般にEVOH樹脂に配合する配合剤が含有されていてもよい。例えば、無機複塩(例えば、ハイドロタルサイト等)、可塑剤(例えば、エチレングリコール、グリセリン、ヘキサンジオール等の脂肪族多価アルコール等)、酸素吸収剤[例えば、アルミニウム粉、亜硫酸カリウム、光触媒酸化チタン等の無機系酸素吸収剤;アスコルビン酸、さらにその脂肪酸エステルや金属塩等、ハイドロキノン、没食子酸、水酸基含有フェノールアルデヒド樹脂等の多価フェノール類、ビス-サリチルアルデヒド-イミンコバルト、テトラエチレンペンタミンコバルト、コバルト-シッフ塩基錯体、ポルフィリン類、大環状ポリアミン錯体、ポリエチレンイミン-コバルト錯体等の含窒素化合物と鉄以外の遷移金属との配位結合体、アミノ酸類とヒドロキシル基含有還元性物質との反応物、トリフェニルメチル化合物等の有機化合物系酸素吸収剤;窒素含有樹脂と鉄以外の遷移金属との配位結合体(例えば、メチルキシリレンジアミン(MXD)ナイロンとコバルトとの組合せ)、三級水素含有樹脂と鉄以外の遷移金属とのブレンド物(例えば、ポリプロピレンとコバルトとの組合せ)、炭素-炭素不飽和結合含有樹脂と鉄以外の遷移金属とのブレンド物(例えば、ポリブタジエンとコバルトの組合せ)、光酸化崩壊性樹脂(例えば、ポリケトン)、アントラキノン重合体(例えば、ポリビニルアントラキノン)等や、さらにこれらの配合物に光開始剤(ベンゾフェノン等)や過酸化物捕捉剤(市販の酸化防止剤等)や消臭剤(活性炭等)を添加したもの等の高分子系酸素吸収剤]、熱安定剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、着色剤、帯電防止剤、界面活性剤(ただし、滑剤として用いるものを除く)、抗菌剤、アンチブロッキング剤、充填材(例えば、無機フィラー等)等を配合してもよい。これらの化合物は、単独でもしくは2種以上併せて用いることができる。
上記の各成分を用いて、本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物を製造する方法としては、例えば、ドライブレンド法、溶融混合法、溶液混合法、含浸法等の公知の方法があげられ、これらを任意に組み合わせることも可能である。
EVOH樹脂組成物ぺレットの乾燥前重量(W1)を電子天秤にて秤量し、150℃の熱風乾燥機中で5時間乾燥させ、デシケーター中で30分間放冷後の重量(W2)を秤量し、下記式より算出する。
含水率(重量%)=[(W1-W2)/W1]×100
重量減少割合(%)=[(加熱前重量-加熱後重量)/加熱前重量]×100
本発明の多層構造体は、上記本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物からなる層を備えるものである。本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物からなる層(以下、「EVOH樹脂組成物層」と称する。)は、本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物以外の熱可塑性樹脂を主成分とする他の基材(以下、「基材樹脂」と称する。)と積層することで、さらに強度を付与したり、EVOH樹脂組成物層を水分等の影響から保護したり、他の機能を付与することができる。
なお、例中「部」とあるのは、断りのない限り重量基準を意味する。
・EVOH樹脂(A):エチレン構造単位の含有量29モル%、ケン化度99.6モル%、MFR3.9g/10分(210℃、荷重2160g)のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体
上記EVOH樹脂(A)のペレットを粉砕したサンプル0.5gを赤外線加熱炉で灰化処理(酸素気流中650℃、1時間)し、灰分を酸溶解して純水で定容したものを試料溶液とした。この溶液を下記のICP-MS(Agilent Technologies社製 ICP質量分析装置 7500ce型)を用いて標準添加法で測定した。その結果、鉄化合物(C)の含有量は、金属換算にて0ppmであった。
上記EVOH樹脂(A)のペレット100部、共役ポリエン構造を有する化合物(B)としてソルビン酸(分子量112)0.01部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量あたり100ppm)、鉄化合物(C)としてリン酸鉄(III)n水和物(和光純薬工業社製、230℃乾燥減量 20.9重量%)0.000034部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量あたり金属換算にて0.1ppm)をプラストグラフ(ブラベンダー社製)にて、230℃において5分間予熱したのち5分間溶融混練し、実施例1のEVOH樹脂組成物を得た。得られたEVOH樹脂組成物を、粉砕機(ソメタニ産業社製 型式:SKR16-240)で650rpmにて粉砕して粉砕物を得た。かかる粉砕物は、1~5mm角の小片であった。
実施例1において、リン酸鉄(III)n水和物の配合量を0.00034部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量あたり金属換算にて1ppm)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例2のEVOH樹脂組成物を得た。
実施例1において、リン酸鉄(III)n水和物の配合量を0.0034部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量あたり金属換算にて10ppm)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例3のEVOH樹脂組成物を得た。
実施例1において、リン酸鉄(III)n水和物を配合しなかった以外は同様にして比較例1のEVOH樹脂組成物を得た。
日本電色工業社製 分光色差計 SE6000を用いて、EVOH樹脂組成物の粉砕品を空気雰囲気下のオーブン内で150℃、5時間加熱したEVOH樹脂組成物におけるYI値を測定した。このとき、内径32mm高さ30mmの円筒に上記加熱したEVOH樹脂組成物を充填し、擦りきった状態で測定に供した。かかる値が大きいほど、EVOH樹脂組成物が黄色く着色していることを意味する。
上記で得られたEVOH樹脂組成物の粉砕物を5mg用い、熱重量測定装置(Perkin Elmer社製、Pyris 1 TGA)により、窒素雰囲気下、気流速度:20mL/分、温度:230℃、時間:1時間の条件下での加熱前後の重量から下記式より、重量減少割合を算出した。
重量減少割合(%)=[(加熱前重量-加熱後重量)/加熱前重量]×100
得られた重量減少割合の小数点第2位を四捨五入し、下記の評価基準に基づいて、熱安定性を評価した。
A:0.9% 熱安定性に特に優れる
B:0.8%、または、1.0% 熱安定性に非常に優れる
C:0.7%、または、1.1% 熱安定性に優れる
D:0.6% 熱安定性に劣る
E:~0.5%、または、1.2%以上~ 熱安定性に非常に劣る
Claims (5)
- エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体(A)、共役ポリエン構造を有する化合物(B)および鉄化合物(C)を含有するエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物であって、上記鉄化合物(C)の含有量がエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物の重量あたり金属換算にて0.01~20ppmであることを特徴とするエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物。
- 上記共役ポリエン構造を有する化合物(B)の含有量がエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物の重量あたり1~30000ppmであることを特徴とする請求項1記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物。
- 金属換算での上記鉄化合物(C)の含有量に対する、上記共役ポリエン構造を有する化合物(B)の含有量の重量比率が、共役ポリエン構造を有する化合物(B)の含有量/金属換算での鉄化合物(C)の含有量=0.2~50000であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物からなることを特徴とするペレット。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物からなる層を備えることを特徴とする多層構造体。
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| WO2017115847A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-06 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物および多層構造体 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019007005A (ja) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-01-17 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 樹脂組成物、溶融成形用材料および多層構造体 |
| JP7425394B2 (ja) | 2017-06-27 | 2024-01-31 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 樹脂組成物、溶融成形用材料および多層構造体 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110785464B (zh) | 2022-10-21 |
| TW201905069A (zh) | 2019-02-01 |
| JPWO2019004260A1 (ja) | 2020-04-23 |
| US20200115522A1 (en) | 2020-04-16 |
| JP7031593B2 (ja) | 2022-03-08 |
| TWI808979B (zh) | 2023-07-21 |
| SG11201912075TA (en) | 2020-01-30 |
| US12473421B2 (en) | 2025-11-18 |
| CN110785464A (zh) | 2020-02-11 |
| EP3647358A1 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
| EP3647358A4 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
| EP3647358B1 (en) | 2023-05-03 |
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