WO2019066071A1 - 成形品 - Google Patents
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- WO2019066071A1 WO2019066071A1 PCT/JP2018/036584 JP2018036584W WO2019066071A1 WO 2019066071 A1 WO2019066071 A1 WO 2019066071A1 JP 2018036584 W JP2018036584 W JP 2018036584W WO 2019066071 A1 WO2019066071 A1 WO 2019066071A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- thermoplastic resin
- resin
- resin composition
- anhydride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/045—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with vegetable or animal fibrous material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/14—Peroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C08L101/02—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
- C08L101/025—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups containing nitrogen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/26—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/06—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V15/00—Protecting lighting devices from damage
- F21V15/01—Housings, e.g. material or assembling of housing parts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/502—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces
- H01R13/504—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces different pieces being moulded, cemented, welded, e.g. ultrasonic, or swaged together
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a molded article provided with a resin body such as a lamp body of a lamp, a speaker unit, a junction box, a connector, a pulley, and a house film, and more particularly to a molded article provided with a resin part produced by injection molding, T-die molding or the like. More specifically, a lamp body, a speaker unit, a junction box, a connector, a pulley, and a lamp having a resin portion formed of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition composed of a thermoplastic resin and a cellulose reinforcing agent having high mechanical strength.
- Lamp body for a lamp including a molded part such as a house film and a resin portion formed of a thermoplastic resin composition for obtaining a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition, a speaker unit, a connection box, a connector, a pulley, and a house
- the present invention relates to molded articles such as films.
- a vehicle lamp generally includes a lamp body having an opening, a front cover covering the opening, an extension, a reflector, a light source, an electric component, and the like.
- a lamp body having an opening, a front cover covering the opening, an extension, a reflector, a light source, an electric component, and the like.
- it is effective to form a lamp body having a relatively high ratio with respect to the total weight of the vehicle lamp among the component parts of the vehicle lamp from a resin material.
- the in-vehicle speaker unit is also required to improve strength characteristics against vibration and acoustic characteristics as a speaker unit.
- junction boxes and connectors for automobiles are generally manufactured by injection molding using a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin in which glass fibers are dispersed as a reinforcing material.
- a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin in which glass fibers are dispersed as a reinforcing material.
- high-strength resin it is possible to reduce the thickness and weight of the connection box and the connector.
- a connection box, a connector, etc. by injection molding, a runner end material, a misshot goods generate
- the connection box and connector etc. which were formed using the glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin may be collect
- the glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin is greatly reduced in strength due to recycling.
- a resin portion is integrally molded on the outer periphery of a rolling bearing, and the resin portion is formed by injection molding using a resin containing a reinforcing fiber or the like from the viewpoint of productivity.
- a gate for adjusting the inflow speed of the resin material is essential to the injection molding machine.
- welds occur at portions where the resin materials flowing into the mold from the gate join together, which causes non-uniformity of reinforcing fibers in the circumferential direction, which may cause unevenness in strength and dimensional accuracy.
- strength characteristic which endures the tension of a belt, etc. are required.
- the lamp body is also required to have excellent dimensional accuracy.
- Such weight reduction and improvement in strength characteristics of various molded members are not limited to members for vehicles such as automobiles, but are also required for molded members such as, for example, agricultural houses.
- Agricultural houses are widely used to protect the products in the house from the outside and maintain a certain environment.
- films of agricultural houses mainly consist of vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, etc.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the transparent film used as a raw material is mainly used.
- the scale of agricultural houses may be increased from the viewpoint of improving productivity and the like.
- cellulose fiber is considered promising as a compounding material of resin portions provided in various members.
- Cellulose fibers are widely known as reinforcing materials such as resins because they have excellent properties such as light weight, high strength, high elastic modulus, and low linear thermal expansion.
- Cellulose is a natural resource that is abundant and renewable on the earth, and thus is suitable as a highly recyclable material.
- the refined cellulose fiber has better surface smoothness than glass fiber and carbon fiber.
- cellulose fibers have very high hydrophilicity, they have poor affinity for highly hydrophobic resins such as polypropylene and polyethylene, and they should be uniformly mixed only by mechanical kneading with a twin-screw extrusion machine or the like.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose using unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and / or an anhydride thereof as a compatibilizer or an interface reinforcing agent in a resin composition comprising a cellulosic material and a polyolefin.
- Patent Document 3 proposes using a polybasic acid anhydride as a hydrophobic modifier for part of hydroxyl groups of microfibrillated cellulose, and using the obtained hydrophobically modified cellulose fiber as a reinforcing material for resin.
- Patent Document 4 proposes to improve the dispersibility of cellulose by using polyethylene in which a monomer having a carboxy group having an affinity for a hydroxyl group present in cellulose is grafted by a specific method. .
- the present invention is a thermoplastic resin that can disperse cellulose easily and uniformly in a highly hydrophobic resin and can improve the mechanical strength of a molding material formed using the resin composition obtained.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a molded article provided with a resin portion formed of a composition. Moreover, it aims at providing a molded article provided with the resin part formed with the cellulose reinforcement thermoplastic resin composition obtained using this thermoplastic resin composition.
- the present inventors improved the dispersibility of cellulose fiber by containing cellulose fiber, thermoplastic resin and organic peroxide in the resin composition. It has been found that a thermoplastic resin composition can be obtained, and the thermoplastic resin composition can be heated and kneaded to react the contained components, whereby a cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition can be obtained. As a result, the mechanical strength of the molding material formed using the thermoplastic resin composition and the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition can be greatly improved, whereby the thermoplastic resin composition can be formed. It has been found that a molded article provided with the resin part and a molded article provided with the resin part formed using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition can be obtained.
- thermoplastic resin composition containing 5 to 70 parts by mass of cellulose and 100 parts by mass of a thermoplastic resin and containing an organic peroxide
- the molded article material whose tensile strength measured based on JISK7161 of the resin molding formed with the said thermoplastic resin composition is 40 Mpa or more.
- thermoplastic resin comprises a graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride.
- one-minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide is 130 to 190 ° C.
- the organic peroxide is at least one organic peroxide selected from dialkyl peroxides, peroxyketals, diacyl peroxides, alkyl peroxy esters and monoperoxy carbonates, [1] The molded article according to any one of [3]. [5] The organic peroxide content according to any one of [1] to [4], which is 0.01 to 0.30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. Molded articles.
- the thermoplastic resin comprises a graft-modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, and the graft-modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride is a maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin resin, The molded article according to any one of [1] to [5].
- the thermoplastic resin is a mixed resin of a graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and a polyolefin resin which is not modified with unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride. The molded article according to any one of [6].
- the polyolefin resin of the crosslinked structure having a carboxy group is a polyolefin resin which is not modified with carbon atoms of the main chain of the graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride.
- the polyolefin resin before modification of the graft modified polyolefin resin of the unsaturated carboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof and the polyolefin resin not modified with the unsaturated carboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof are different polyolefin resins ,
- the molded article according to any one of [1] to [12], wherein the molded article is a lamp body of a lamp, a speaker unit, a connection box, a connector, a pulley or a film for house.
- thermoplastic resin composition in which cellulose is uniformly dispersed and contained, and a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition obtained by heating and kneading the thermoplastic resin composition. It has become possible to provide a molded article provided with an improved resin part.
- the resin portion of the present invention is formed of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition formed of a thermoplastic resin and a cellulose reinforcing agent. Therefore, a molded article such as a lamp body, a speaker unit, a connection box, a connector, a pulley, or a film for a lamp is provided that has a resin portion that is lightweight, has high strength, and is excellent in recyclability and surface smoothness. It becomes possible.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the in-vehicle speaker device shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the connection box which concerns on one Embodiment of the molded article of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the connection box shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the pulley shown in FIG. 7 taken along the line BB. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the house for agriculture which used the film for houses which concerns on one Embodiment of the molded article of this invention.
- Molded articles such as a lamp body, a speaker unit, a connection box, a connector, a pulley, and a film for house according to an embodiment of the present invention contain 5 to 70 parts by mass of cellulose per 100 parts by mass of thermoplastic resin And a resin portion formed of a thermoplastic resin composition containing an organic peroxide, and the resin molded product formed of the thermoplastic resin composition has a tensile strength of 40 MPa or more measured in accordance with JIS K7161. It is.
- the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition used in the present invention is obtained by heating and kneading the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition to cause the components to react. Therefore, molded articles such as the lamp body, the speaker unit, the connection box, the connector, the pulley, and the house film of the lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention are a crosslinked polyolefin resin having a hydroxyl group and a carboxy group of cellulose.
- the tensile strength of the resin molded product formed of the thermoplastic resin composition used in the present invention is the property or physical property of the resin contained in this thermoplastic resin composition.
- a tensile strength is a tensile strength according to JIS K7127 test piece type 2 of the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition obtained by heating and kneading the thermoplastic resin composition and reacting the components. It processes and evaluates to the test piece (resin molding) of the form adapted to evaluation.
- the tensile strength of the test piece in a form suitable for tensile strength evaluation in accordance with JIS K7127 test piece type 2 (resin molding It can be evaluated only by processing it into
- the organic peroxide is thermally decomposed to a temperature at which the radical reaction starts Specifically, it may be at least 1 minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide (preferably, a temperature higher by 20 ° C. than 1 minute half-life temperature).
- a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition can be produced as a pellet.
- the kneading temperature of the thermoplastic resin composition is equal to or higher than the decomposition temperature of the organic peroxide present in the composition, and preferably, the temperature is 20 ° C. higher than the 1 minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide used. .
- This heating and kneading may be a model heating and kneading machine instead of the heating and kneading machine used for production.
- a twin-screw extruder for example, KZW15TW-45MG-NH, manufactured by Technobel Co., Ltd.
- the parelle temperature in the kneading zone is set 20 ° C. higher than the half-life temperature of the organic peroxide at 1 minute, and the screw rotational speed is heated and kneaded at 100 rpm.
- a cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition obtained by heating and kneading a thermoplastic resin composition to react the components is produced, and a tensile test piece conforming to JIS K7127 test piece type 2 is produced, It can be obtained by measuring this tensile test piece in accordance with JIS K7161.
- the pellet of the thermoplastic resin composition obtained by heat-kneading with a twin-screw extruder is dried at 80 ° C. for 24 hours, and an injection molding machine [for example, FANUC LTD.
- the above-mentioned test piece is manufactured by using a robot shot ⁇ -30C].
- the tensile strength is measured with a tensile tester [for example, Instron's Instron testing machine model 5567] under conditions of a distance between test wires of 25 mm and a test speed of 50 mm / min.
- the tensile strength is preferably as high as possible, and is 40 MPa or more in the present invention, but 45 MPa or more is more preferable, 50 MPa or more is more preferable, and 55 MPa or more is particularly preferable.
- the upper limit of the tensile strength is practically 100 MPa.
- the tensile strength can be adjusted by the type and content of the components contained in each of the above resin compositions and the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin, but in particular, it is effective to adjust the compounding amount of the organic peroxide. For example, adjustment can be made more effectively by combining the amounts of the organic peroxide and the maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin in a well-balanced manner.
- thermoplastic resin composition will be described below in order.
- Thermoplastic resin composition used to form the resin portion of the molded article of the present invention contains at least a thermoplastic resin, cellulose and an organic peroxide.
- the thermoplastic resin may contain a graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride.
- thermoplastic resins may be a graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, and the thermoplastic resin may be a graft modified polyolefin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride. Only resin may be used.
- the base resin is a resin component having the highest content among thermoplastic resins other than the graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride contained in the thermoplastic resin composition, and is unsaturated carboxylic acid or It may contain the same mass or more of the graft modified polyolefin resin of the anhydride. Also, cellulose is not included in the thermoplastic resin.
- the base resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and any resin generally used as a thermoplastic resin may be used.
- the base resin include polyolefin resin, polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyurethane resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyphenylene oxide resin, cellulose acylate resin, phenoxy resin and the like.
- a polyolefin resin is preferred.
- the polyolefin resin is a polyolefin resin formed by polymerizing at least one olefin, and may be a homopolymer or a copolymer.
- olefins include, for example, ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, isobutene (1-butene), ⁇ -olefins of 4 to 12 carbon atoms, butadiene, isoprene, (meth) acrylic acid ester, (meth) acrylic acid And (meth) acrylamide, vinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, styrene, acrylonitrile and the like.
- Examples of the ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 12 carbon atoms include 1-butene, 2-methyl-1-propene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 1-hexene and 2-ethyl -1-butene, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene, 2-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butene, 1 -Heptene, methyl-1-hexene, dimethyl-1-pentene, ethyl-1-pentene, trimethyl-1-butene, methylethyl-1-butene, 1-octene, methyl-1-pentene, ethyl-1-hexene, Dimethyl-1-hexene, propyl-1-heptene, methylethyl-1-heptene, trimethyl-1-pentene, propyl-1-pentene, diethyl-1-butene
- polyolefin resins examples include polyethylene resins, polypropylene resins, polyisobutylene resins, polyisobutene resins, polyisoprene resins, polybutadiene resins, (meth) acrylic resins (so-called allyl resins), vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride resins, and poly (meth) resins.
- (meth) acrylic resins so-called allyl resins
- vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride resins
- poly (meth) resins 2.
- Acrylamide resin polystyrene resin, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymer, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, etc. may be mentioned.
- polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin and acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer resin are preferable, and polyethylene resin and polypropylene resin are more preferable.
- polyethylene resin examples include ethylene homopolymers and ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymers.
- ⁇ -olefin 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene and 1-octene are preferable.
- ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer examples include ethylene-1-butene copolymer, ethylene-1-pentene copolymer, ethylene-1-hexene copolymer, ethylene-1-octene copolymer and the like. It can be mentioned.
- polyethylene is high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), ultra low density polyethylene (VLDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), ultra high Any of molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) may be used.
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- VLDPE ultra low density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- UHMW-PE ultra high Any of molecular weight polyethylene
- vinyl resin for example, vinyl chloride resin [homopolymer of vinyl chloride monomer (polyvinyl chloride resin etc.), copolymer of vinyl chloride monomer and other monomer (vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer] Coalesced, vinyl chloride- (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer etc), vinyl alcohol resin (homopolymer such as polyvinyl alcohol, copolymer such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer), polyvinyl formal etc. Polyvinyl acetal resin etc. are mentioned. These vinyl resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- thermoplastic resin which comprises the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition used for formation of the resin part with which the molded article of this invention is equipped is crosslinkable polyolefin resin.
- crosslinkable polyolefin resin for example, low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, linear ultra low density polyethylene, ethylene-propylene block copolymer, ethylene-propylene random copolymer , Ethylene-butene block copolymer, ethylene-butene random copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer resin, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resin, ethylene -Butyl acrylate copolymer resin etc. are mentioned.
- the polyolefin resin of the base resin may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compounding quantity of other components is prescribed
- the melt flow rate (MFR) of the polyolefin resin is usually 0.01 to 400 g / 10 min, preferably 1 to 400 g / 10 min from the viewpoint of enhancing the mechanical strength and production stability, more preferably Is 0.1 to 50 g / 10 min, more preferably 0.4 to 10 g / 10 min.
- the base resin is, for example, composed of only carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms in typical polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, and has extremely high hydrophobicity.
- the surface of the cellulose fiber is a highly polar surface having a hydroxyl group, and the compatibility with the highly hydrophobic thermoplastic resin is low, and it is difficult to uniformly disperse the cellulose fiber.
- a graft-modified polyolefin resin of an unsaturated carboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof to uniformly disperse a highly hydrophilic cellulose fiber having a hydroxyl group of a polar group in a highly hydrophobic thermoplastic resin. It is preferable to do.
- the affinity and compatibility with the surface of the cellulose fiber are high due to interactions such as hydroxyl groups (-OH) on the surface and hydrogen bonds and dipole interactions.
- the polyolefin portion of the graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride is high in hydrophobicity and similar in structure as the hydrophobic thermoplastic resin, and has high compatibility and affinity. For this reason, it is promoted to uniformly disperse the cellulose fiber in the thermoplastic resin.
- the graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride has a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin and a partial structure which interacts with hydrophilic cellulose in the molecule as described above, and is a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin. Because it acts as an intermediary between H and hydrophilic cellulose, it is classified as a coupling agent.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride structural part in the graft modified polyolefin resin of the unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride exists at a very close distance to the hydroxyl group on the surface of the cellulose fiber. Therefore, the esterification reaction of the cellulose with the hydroxyl group occurs easily and efficiently, thereby forming a composite resin in which the cellulose and the graft modified polyolefin resin of the unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride are chemically bonded.
- the crosslinking reaction proceeds between the base resin and the cellulose of the cellulose fiber by radicals obtained by the decomposition of the organic peroxide, and a strong composite resin is formed.
- the thermoplastic resin contains a graft-modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride
- the organized oxide crosslinks by radical reaction between the graft-modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and the base resin Form the structure.
- the cellulose, the graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, and the base resin are both chemically bonded (covalently bonded) to form a stronger composite resin.
- the graft-modified unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof in the graft-modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof may be a chain compound or a cyclic compound, but a cyclic compound is preferred, and a cyclic unsaturated compound is preferred. Carboxylic anhydrides are more preferred.
- the amount of graft modification with unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride is preferably 0.1 to 25 parts by mass of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride with respect to 100 parts by mass of unmodified polyolefin resin. Is more preferable, and 0.1 to 4 parts by mass is more preferable.
- unsaturated carboxylic acids examples include maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.
- cyclic acid anhydrides include, for example, maleic acid anhydride, citraconic acid anhydride (methyl maleic acid anhydride), 2,3-dimethylmaleic acid anhydride, 2- (2) -Carboxyethyl) -3-methylmaleic anhydride, 2-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride, phenylmaleic anhydride, 2,3-diphenylmaleic anhydride, 5,6-dihydro-1, Acid anhydride of maleic acid skeleton such as 4-dithiin-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride, 2,3-bis (2,4,5-trimethyl-3-thienyl) maleic anhydride, 4-ethynylphthalic acid Phthalic acid skeletons such as anhydride, 4,4 '-(ethine-1,2-diyl) diphthalic anhydride, 4- (1-propynyl) phthalic anhydride, 4-phen
- examples of chain acid anhydrides include acid anhydrides of fumaric acid, itaconic acid, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and unsaturated carboxylic acids and saturated aliphatic carboxylic acids thereof. And mixed acid anhydrides with acids, aromatic carboxylic acids and heterocyclic carboxylic acids.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride is preferably a cyclic unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride, more preferably an acid anhydride having a maleic acid skeleton, and particularly preferably a maleic acid anhydride.
- thermoplastic resin composition used in the present invention comprises graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, and graft modified polyolefin resin of said unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride is maleic anhydride modified polyolefin It is preferably a resin.
- the polyolefin of the maleic anhydride modified polyolefin is not particularly limited as long as the compatibility with the base resin is good.
- maleic anhydride modified polyolefin maleic anhydride modified polyethylene, maleic anhydride modified polypropylene, and maleic anhydride modified polystyrene are preferable, but maleic anhydride modified polyethylene and maleic anhydride modified polypropylene are more preferable.
- the maleic anhydride modified copolymer of 2 types of copolymers selected from ethylene, propylene and styrene is also preferable.
- SEBS styrene / ethylene / butylene / styrene
- maleic anhydride not only maleic anhydride but also polar groups [alkylene glycol type and (meth) acrylic acid type monomer components] may be contained as polar groups to be grafted or copolymerized.
- maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene or copolymers thereof
- maleic anhydride-modified ethylene-propylene copolymer maleic anhydride-modified ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer are particularly preferable.
- coalesced ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-hexene copolymer, ethylene-octene copolymer, etc.
- SEBS styrene / ethylene / butylene / styrene
- the maleic anhydride modified polyolefin resin is most preferably maleic anhydride modified polyethylene.
- maleic anhydride modified polyethylene having a melt flow rate (MFR) of 0.3 to 10 g / 10 min at 190 ° C. and a load of 2.16 kg is preferable.
- MFR melt flow rate
- maleic anhydride modified polyethylene having a relative intensity ratio of infrared absorption spectrum measured by infrared absorption spectrum of 0.1 to 0.2 is preferable.
- the relative intensity ratio of the infrared absorption spectrum is obtained by heat-pressing maleic anhydride modified polyethylene at 200 ° C. for 5 minutes at 150 ° C. and 200 kgf / cm 2 to prepare a 100 ⁇ m thick film, and measuring the infrared absorption spectrum of this film .
- the thermoplastic resin composition can firmly adhere the interface with the cellulose.
- the relative intensity ratio of the infrared absorption spectrum is more preferably 0.15 to 0.2.
- the graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride is preferably a polyolefin resin in which the polyolefin resin before modification and the polyolefin base resin not modified with unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride are different .
- “different” includes the type of resin component, the difference between monomer components constituting the difference, and the difference in physical properties such as MFR.
- the thermoplastic resin used in the present invention is a mixed resin of a graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and a polyolefin resin which is not modified with unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, It is also good.
- the content of the graft modified polyolefin resin of the unsaturated carboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof is preferably 0.5 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 15 parts by mass, and 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the base resin. Is more preferred.
- the content of the graft modified polyolefin resin of the unsaturated carboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof is too small, the interfacial adhesion effect of the cellulose and the resin is not sufficiently obtained, and the improvement effect of the mechanical strength of the resin composition is not sufficiently obtained.
- the content of the graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride is too large, the strength of the base resin is adversely affected, and the strength of the entire resin composition is reduced.
- the organic peroxide is a polymerization initiator which crosslinks between polymer molecules of a thermoplastic resin such as a base resin or a graft-modified polyolefin resin of an unsaturated carboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof by a radical reaction.
- the organic peroxide is a compound having at least a carbon atom and an -O-O- bond, and examples thereof include ketone peroxide, peroxyketal, hydroperoxide, dialkyl peroxide, acyl peroxide, alkylperoxy ester, Examples include diacyl peroxide, monoperoxy carbonate, and peroxy dicarbonate.
- At least one organic peroxide selected from peroxyketal, dialkyl peroxide, diacyl peroxide, alkylperoxy ester and monoperoxy carbonate is preferable, and dialkyl peroxide is particularly preferable.
- organic peroxides represented by the following general formulas (1) to (9) are preferable.
- each of R 1 to R 8 independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group.
- R 1 and R 2 , and R 3 and R 4 may combine with each other to form a ring.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 6;
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 20, and more preferably 1 to 12.
- the number of ring members of the cycloalkyl group is preferably 3 to 7, and more preferably 5 or 6.
- the number of carbon atoms of the cycloalkyl group is preferably 3 to 20, and more preferably 3 to 12. Examples of the cycloalkyl group include cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.
- the above-mentioned alkyl group and cycloalkyl group may have a substituent, and as such substituent, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an acyl group Groups, acyloxy groups, alkyloxycarbonyl groups, aryloxycarbonyl groups, halogen atoms and carboxy groups.
- the number of carbon atoms of the aryl group is preferably 6 to 20, and more preferably 6 to 12.
- the aryl group may have a substituent, and such a substituent includes an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group and a halogen atom.
- Examples of the aryl group include phenyl and naphthyl, with phenyl being preferred.
- the ring formed by bonding R 1 and R 2 to each other is preferably a 5- or 6-membered saturated carbocyclic ring, and more preferably a cyclopentane ring or a cyclohexane ring.
- the ring formed by bonding R 3 and R 4 to each other is preferably a 7- to 12-membered ring, and the bond constituting the ring may include —O—O—.
- R 1 and R 2 are bonded to each other to form a ring, and a bis compound as represented by the following general formula (2a) is also preferable.
- the organic peroxide represented by the general formula (4) is also preferably a bis-form like the following general formula (4a).
- R 3 of the general formula (4) it has the same meaning as R 3 of, and the preferred range is also the same.
- R 4a represents an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group or an arylene group
- L 2 represents a divalent linking group
- An ethenylene group, an ethynylene group or an arylene group is preferable.
- the organic peroxides represented by the general formulas (1) to (9) are preferable, and in particular The organic peroxide represented by Formula (4) is preferable.
- organic peroxide examples include Ketone peroxide compound cyclohexanone peroxide, linear methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, etc.
- peroxy ketal compound 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1- Bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, 2,2-bis (t-butylperoxy) octane, n-butyl-4,4-bis (t-butylperoxy) valerate, 2,2-bis (t-) Butylperoxy) butane, cyclic methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, etc.
- Diacyl peroxide compound Diacetyl peroxide, diisobutyryl peroxide, dioctanoyl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide, bis (3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl) peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide Oxide, bis (2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) peroxide, bis (m-toluoyl) peroxide, etc.
- Monoperoxycarbonate compounds t-Butylperoxyisopropylcarbonate, t-amylperoxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, etc.
- the one-minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide is preferably 130 to 190.degree.
- the half life of the organic peroxide is the time until the organic peroxide is thermally decomposed and the amount of active oxygen becomes half of the amount before decomposition. If the one-minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide is too high, the temperature setting in the twin-screw extruder becomes difficult, and conversely, if it is too low, the organic peroxide itself becomes unstable and is decomposed during storage.
- the one-minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide By setting the one-minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide to the above range, heating and kneading can be performed with a commonly performed twin-screw extruder, and cellulose is uniformly dispersed in a highly hydrophobic resin. Is possible.
- the organic peroxide's one-minute half-life temperature is the organic peroxide when it is thermally decomposed by using a relatively inert solvent such as benzene and adjusting an organic peroxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L. It can be determined by measuring the time change of the peroxide concentration (See “Crosslinker Handbook (First Edition)”, published by Taisei Corporation, page 162).
- the content of the organic peroxide is preferably 0.01 to 0.30 parts by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 0.20 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.05 to 0. 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. 1 part by mass is more preferred.
- the content of the organic peroxide is too small, the effect of improving the mechanical strength of the resin composition can not be sufficiently obtained.
- the content of the organic peroxide is too large, the heat flowability of the resin composition becomes low, which makes molding difficult.
- RO ⁇ (radicals) obtained by the decomposition of the organic peroxide respectively extract hydrogen atoms of the base resin and the cellulose, and further generate these radicals. It is inferred that the generated base resin radical and the cellulose radical bond and the interface between the base resin and the cellulose adheres.
- the above-mentioned interfacial adhesion reaction is as follows when the base resin is polyethylene, for example.
- PE-H is polyethylene
- Cellulose-H is cellulose
- PE ⁇ and Cellulose ⁇ are generated radicals.
- the cellulose used in the present invention is preferably fibrous cellulose of plant origin, and in particular, fibrous cellulose of fine plant origin is preferred. Since molded articles provided with the resin part of the present invention, for example, lamp bodies of lamps, speaker units, connection boxes, connectors, pulleys, films for house, etc., use cellulose as a compounding material of resin parts, weight reduction While being able to achieve high strengthening, the recyclability of a molded article and surface smoothness can be improved. Furthermore, for example, when the molded product is in a form such as a film, the surface film improved by including the layer of the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin in which such fibrous cellulose is composited as a house film as the molded product.
- Pulp is also a raw material of paper and is mainly composed of a tracheid extracted from plants.
- the main component of pulp is polysaccharides, and the main component is cellulose.
- the fibrous cellulose of plant origin is not particularly limited, but for example, wood, bamboo, hemp, jute, kenaf, agricultural waste (eg, straw of wheat or rice, stem of corn, cotton etc., Examples are those derived from plants such as sugar cane), cloth, regenerated pulp and waste paper, but in the present invention, those derived from wood or wood are preferable, and kraft pulp is particularly preferable.
- Kraft pulp is a general term for pulp from which lignin and hemicellulose are removed from wood or plant material by chemical treatment with caustic soda or the like, and almost pure cellulose is taken out.
- the cellulose used in the present invention preferably has a diameter of 1 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 5 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the length (fiber length) is preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the blending amount of cellulose is 5 to 70 parts by mass, preferably 10 to 60 parts by mass, and more preferably 10 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. If the blending amount of the cellulose is less than 5 parts by mass, a sufficient resin reinforcing effect can not be obtained. Conversely, if it exceeds 70 parts by mass, the heat flowability of the resin composition is reduced and the molding processability is reduced. In some cases, mechanical strength may be reduced.
- thermoplastic resin composition used in the present invention includes inorganic fillers such as talc, calcium carbonate, mica, glass fibers, etc., or organic fillers such as polyester, polyamide fibers etc., and other flame retardants.
- inorganic fillers such as talc, calcium carbonate, mica, glass fibers, etc.
- organic fillers such as polyester, polyamide fibers etc., and other flame retardants.
- additives such as stabilizers, antioxidants, infrared absorbers, plasticizers, and lubricants, dyes, and colorants of pigments can be added.
- thermoplastic resin composition used in the present invention are blended in an amount within the general range except containing 5 to 70 parts by mass of cellulose with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. Although it is possible, it is most preferred that all components be incorporated in amounts which are in the preferred range. However, there is no change in that it is a preferable aspect that the specific component is in the preferable range and the other components are blended in the general range.
- the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition used in the present invention is produced from the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition.
- the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition used in the present invention is obtained by heat-kneading the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition and reacting the components. In the above reaction, the hydrogen atoms of the cellulose of the base resin and the cellulose fiber react with the organic peroxide which is a radical reaction initiator, and the crosslinking reaction proceeds between the base resin and the cellulose fiber.
- thermoplastic resin contains a graft-modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride
- the graft-modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride reacts with cellulose to have hydroxyl group and carboxyl group of cellulose.
- An ester bond is formed with the cross-linked polyolefin resin.
- the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition used in the present invention has a crosslinked structure between the thermoplastic resin and the cellulose cellulose fiber, and further has a crosslinked polyolefin having a cellulose hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group. It contains an ester bond complex resin (complex) with the resin.
- the content of the cellulose component in the ester bond composite resin is 9.0 to 42% by mass, in accordance with JIS K7161 of a resin molded product formed of the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition.
- the measured tensile strength is 40 MPa or more.
- the content of the cellulose component occupied in the composite is the thermoplastic resin component and the cellulose component contained in the thermoplastic resin composition for obtaining a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition as a component constituting the composite. It shall be calculated as the cellulose component to the total of the content of.
- the cross-linked polyolefin resin having a carboxy group is mainly composed of carbon atoms of the main chain of the graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and the polyolefin resin which is not modified with unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride. It is preferable that it is polyolefin resin of the crosslinked structure which couple
- the thermoplastic resin composition contains a graft-modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride
- the component constituting the complex contains the graft-modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride.
- the polyolefin resin before modification of the graft modified polyolefin resin of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, and polyolefin resin not modified with unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride May be different polyolefin resins.
- the cellulose contained in the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition is preferably fibrous cellulose of plant origin, and in particular, fibrous cellulose of fine plant origin Is preferred.
- thermoplastic resin composition is heat-kneaded to produce a cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition.
- the apparatus used for the heating and kneading is not particularly limited as long as the heating and kneading can be performed at the temperature at which the organic peroxide is thermally decomposed, and, for example, a blender, a kneader, a mixing roll, a Banbury mixer, uniaxial or biaxial An extruder etc. are mentioned. Among these, a twin-screw extruder is preferred.
- each component is directly charged into the hopper portion of the twin-screw extruder by a weight feeder, and the setting temperature of the kneading zone is set to the above temperature by the twin-screw extruder to knead it.
- the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition can be obtained by reacting in the above.
- the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition may be prepared by separately preparing the thermoplastic resin composition used in the present invention.
- an extruder for example, Technobel Co., Ltd. KZW 15 TW-
- each component is fed to the extruder by means of a feeder controlled by the feed mass per hour, into the extruder hopper,
- a feeder controlled by the feed mass per hour
- existing equipment and equipment can be used without changing the equipment, and at the same time as preparation of the thermoplastic resin composition, a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition can be produced.
- each component is charged into the hopper of the extruder, and, for example, the parelle temperature of the kneading zone is set to the temperature at which the organic peroxide is thermally decomposed, and heat kneading is performed.
- the kneading temperature is set to be higher than the one-minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide.
- a temperature 5 ° C. or more higher than the one-minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide is preferable, a temperature 10 ° C. or more is more preferable, a temperature 15 ° C. or more is more preferable, and a temperature 20 ° C.
- the kneading temperature is preferably 150 to 200 ° C.
- screw diameter is 15 mm
- L / D 45
- screw rotation speed 100 rpm is sufficient.
- the kneading time is not particularly limited, but may be a general reaction time when using a common organic peroxide.
- the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition When a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition is produced using an extruder, the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition is formed into pellets, and the lamp body, the speaker unit, the connection box, the connector, the pulley or the lamp provided with the resin portion It can also be used for the production of molded articles such as films for houses.
- the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition used for this invention is mix
- the decomposition residue of the organic peroxide may remain by reacting by heating and kneading, As a result, it may be contained in the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition.
- the resin part of the molded article according to the present invention is formed using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition obtained by heat-kneading the thermoplastic resin composition used in the present invention. That is, the resin portion is formed from a cellulose reinforced resin composition containing an ester bond composite resin (composite) of a cellulose hydroxyl group and a crosslinkable polyolefin resin having a carboxy group, and the cellulose occupied in the ester bond composite resin The content of the component is 9.0 to 42% by mass, and the tensile strength of the resin molded product formed of the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition as measured according to JIS K7161 is 40 MPa or more.
- the interfacial adhesion between the thermoplastic resin and the cellulose is improved by the use of the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition. Therefore, the resin part of the obtained molded article is excellent in mechanical strength, such as tensile strength.
- the molded article of the present invention is, for example, a lamp body of a lamp, a speaker unit, a junction box, a connector, a pulley, or a film for a house.
- the house film includes a layer formed of the thermoplastic resin composition.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a lamp body of a lamp according to an embodiment of a molded article.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a headlight (head lamp) as a vehicle lamp as an example of the lamp 100.
- the lamp 100 includes a lamp body 101, a front cover 102, a light source 103, a reflector 104, and a socket portion 105.
- the lamp body 101 has an opening 111 at the front.
- the front cover 102 is attached to the lamp body 101 so as to cover the opening 111 of the lamp body 101.
- a space 110 sealed by the lamp body 101 and the front cover 102 is formed.
- a light source 103 and a reflecting mirror 104 are disposed in the space 110.
- the light source 103 is, for example, an LED bulb or a halogen bulb.
- the light source 103 is connected to the socket portion 105 fixed to the through hole 112 formed in the lamp body 101, and emits light by the power supplied from the socket portion 105.
- the reflecting mirror 104 has a concave surface 140 recessed toward the front cover 102.
- a hole is formed in the central portion of the reflecting mirror 104, and the light source 103 is inserted and fixed in the hole.
- the reflecting mirror 104 reflects the light emitted from the light source 103 by the concave surface 140 and guides it to the front cover 102 side.
- the front cover 102 is made of a resin material that can transmit light (visible light).
- the front cover 102 also functions as a lens that condenses or diffuses the light from the light source 103.
- the lamp body 101 includes a resin portion formed of the above-described thermoplastic resin composition. As a result, the weight and strength of the lamp body 101 can be reduced, and the recyclability and surface smoothness can be improved.
- the manufacturing method of the lamp body 101 is not particularly limited, it can be molded by injection molding in which the thermoplastic resin composition is injected into a mold. As a result, the mold wear resistance is improved and the mold is less likely to be corroded.
- the lamp body 101 is the said resin part, and the part formed with materials other than resin May be included.
- the lamp 100 is a headlamp was illustrated in FIG. 1, it is not limited to this, It is applicable to the lamp body of vehicle lamps, such as a brake lamp, a fog lamp, and a reversing light.
- vehicle lamp it is not restricted to the body part (housing) of various lamps.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a speaker unit according to an embodiment of a molded article.
- the speaker unit 210 has a substantially enclosed housing (enclosure) 213 formed of a plate-like baffle 211 and a box-like storage unit 212 coupled to the back of the baffle 211, and is released on the surface of the baffle 211. And a speaker 214 held by the housing 213 so as to expose a sound surface.
- the housing (enclosure) 213 is generally referred to as a speaker box or a cabinet, and has various shapes such as a box shape, a cylindrical shape, and a conical shape depending on an applied device or the like.
- the speaker 214 has an exciter 215 as a vibration source of the magnetic circuit, and a cone paper 216 for emitting a sound wave generated by the vibration of the exciter 215 to the outside of the housing 213.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an on-vehicle speaker device 200 in which the speaker unit is applied to the on-vehicle speaker device.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the on-vehicle speaker device 200 shown in FIG.
- the speaker unit 210 used for the in-vehicle speaker device 200 is provided between the outer panel 201 on the outside of the vehicle and the inner panel 202 on the inner side of the vehicle.
- the speaker unit 210 is attached from the opening of the inner panel 202 in an exposed state.
- the inner trim 220 which covers the surface is attached to the inner panel 202 in the state which exposed the speaker unit 210.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an on-vehicle speaker device 200 in which the speaker unit is applied to the on-vehicle speaker device.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the on-vehicle speaker device 200 shown in FIG.
- the speaker unit 210 used for the in-vehicle speaker device 200 is provided between
- the above-described thermoplastic resin composition is used for the baffle 211, the storage portion 212, and the cone paper 216 of the housing 213. ing.
- the speaker unit 210 can contribute to reduction in fuel consumption of the vehicle by reducing its weight and has high strength, vibration of the housing 213 due to vibration of the vehicle can be suppressed. As a result, noise due to the vibration of the housing 213 can be reduced, and acoustic characteristics can be improved.
- the speaker unit 210 since the above-described thermoplastic resin composition is used for the speaker unit 210, the speaker unit 210 exhibits excellent whitening resistance. Furthermore, since the speaker unit 210 includes the housing 213 formed of the thermoplastic resin composition, the speaker unit 210 is rich in recyclability and surface smoothness.
- the application target of the speaker unit is not limited to a car, and includes, for example, a mobile body such as a two-wheeled vehicle, a railway vehicle, an airplane, a ship, a computer device, headphones, or any speaker device installed for home use.
- a mobile body such as a two-wheeled vehicle, a railway vehicle, an airplane, a ship, a computer device, headphones, or any speaker device installed for home use.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a connection box according to an embodiment of a molded product
- FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the connection box of FIG.
- the junction box 300 is configured, for example, as a junction box installed on the indoor side of a car.
- the connection box 300 includes a case 320 having a first case 320a and a second case 320b.
- the connection box 300 includes a first substrate 340a, a second substrate 340b, and a third substrate 340c in an internal storage space.
- the first substrate 340a and the second substrate 340b are disposed in parallel with each other, and the third substrate 340c is disposed to be vertically connected to the end of the first substrate 340a and the second substrate 340b.
- An electronic control unit (ECU: Electronic Control Unit) (not shown) is installed on the mounting surface 321 of the first case 320a.
- the ECU connector 341 of the first substrate 340a is disposed to protrude from the mount surface 321, and can electrically connect the circuit of the first substrate 340a to the ECU.
- a relay attachment connector 322 integrated with the case 320 of the connection box 300 is protruded.
- a relay not shown can be attached to the relay attachment connector 322.
- the indoor connector 342a is disposed on the first substrate 340a, and the indoor connector 342b is disposed on the second substrate 340b.
- the indoor connectors 342a and 342b are electrically connected to a circuit on the indoor side of the vehicle via a wire harness (not shown).
- a relay mounting connector 343 is disposed on the second substrate 340b. In the illustrated example, three relays can be mounted on the relay mounting connector 343.
- An engine room side connector 344 is disposed on the third substrate 340c. The engine room side connector 344 is electrically connected to a circuit on the engine room side via a wire harness (not shown).
- connection box 300 and the connectors 322 and 341 to 344 are formed using the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition, it is possible to achieve weight reduction and high strength, as well as recyclability and surface smoothness. Can be improved.
- connection box and the connector is not particularly limited, and the connection box and the connector can be molded by injection molding in which the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition is injected into a mold.
- the connector includes the connector housing, the connector itself, the one integrated with the connection box case, and the like.
- connection box and connector includes, for example, materials for transportation equipment such as automobiles, motorcycles, trains, and aircrafts, structural members of robot arms, robot parts for amusement, household electric appliance materials, OA equipment housings, information processing equipment, portable terminals Etc.
- FIG. 7 is a front view of a pulley according to an embodiment of a molded product
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
- the pulley 400 is configured by a rolling bearing 410 and a resin portion 420 integrally molded around the rolling bearing 410.
- the rolling bearing 410 has an inner ring 411, an outer ring 412, and rolling elements 413 provided between the inner and outer rings.
- the resin part 420 is formed using the said thermoplastic resin composition.
- the resin portion 420 includes a cylindrical boss 421, a cylindrical rim 422, and an annular portion 423 connecting the boss 421 and the rim 422.
- the outer circumferential surface 424 of the rim 422 is a guiding surface of a belt (not shown).
- the whole pulley may be formed using the said thermoplastic resin composition.
- This can contribute to weight reduction and high strength of the pulley 400.
- the manufacturing method of the pulley 400 is not particularly limited, it can be molded by injection molding in which the rolling bearing 410 is disposed in a mold and the thermoplastic resin composition is injected into the mold. Thereby, it is possible to improve the mold wear resistance and the smoothness (sharp edge property) of the end face of the resin portion 420.
- by performing injection molding using the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition it is possible to form a pulley 400 excellent in weight reduction and high strength, as well as excellent in recyclability, surface smoothness, and dimensional accuracy. .
- the application of the pulley includes, for example, materials for transportation equipment such as automobiles, motorcycles, trains, and aircrafts, structural members of robot arms, robot parts for amusement, household electric appliance materials, OA equipment casings, information processing equipment, portable terminals, etc.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the appearance of an agricultural house to which the house film according to an embodiment of the molded article is applied.
- an agricultural house 510 includes a film 501 stretched on a housing 502.
- the agricultural house 510 is entirely covered with a film 501 stretched on a frame 502. It can be set as the agricultural house in which the space partitioned from the outside is formed by extending
- the material which comprises the housing 502 can be used.
- the film 501 is a film stretched on the casing 502, and applies the above-mentioned house film.
- the agricultural house 510 may be provided with ventilation means (not shown) such as a ventilation fan provided on a ceiling or a side of the house.
- ventilation means such as a ventilation fan provided on a ceiling or a side of the house.
- an entrance (not shown) for a worker engaged in work in the agricultural house 510 is, for example, a double door so that external air does not directly enter the space in the house. Is preferred.
- the film 501 in the agricultural house 510 has a layer formed using the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition.
- the film 501 can be recyclable as well as reduced in weight and strength, and can further improve surface smoothness and adhesion performance as compared with the conventional film.
- the film 501 (house film) only needs to contain a layer formed from the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition, and is produced by a known method such as inflation molding method, T-die molding method, laminating method, calendar method, etc. can do.
- the film 501 (house film) may be a single layer or multilayer film including one or more layers formed using the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition, and is formed from the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition It may be a laminated film in which a resin layer formed of another resin composition is laminated on the layer.
- resin which can form the other resin layer which can be laminated on the layer formed from the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition polyolefin resin etc. which are usually used for an application of a house film can be mentioned, for example.
- the thickness of the layer formed of the thermoplastic resin composition contained in the film 501 is, for example, 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably the lower limit value is 75 ⁇ m or more, and the upper limit value is 150 ⁇ m or less Is preferred.
- the film for house is a multilayer film, the thickness of the film for house can be suitably set according to a use etc.
- the film for house is used for a part of surfaces of the house 510 for agriculture It may be Moreover, the house 510 for agriculture builds a framework by desired width, depth, and height, and produces it by extending
- the film for houses not only the house for agriculture for growing plants, such as vegetables, for example, the house for gardening, the house for biological breeding, the house for terraces, a simple warehouse, etc. are mentioned.
- thermoplastic resin containing the (1) thermoplastic resin (base resin, maleic anhydride modified polyethylene), (2) cellulose, and (3) organic peroxide in the contents shown in Tables 1 to 10 below.
- the composition was made.
- the parelle temperature was set 20 ° C.
- thermoplastic resin contains maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene, in Tables 1 to 25, for convenience, the used maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene is described as a coupling agent.
- the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition prepared above is film-formed at an extrusion temperature of 200 ° C. using a T-die-cast film manufacturing apparatus to produce a 100 ⁇ m-thick single-layer film, which is for a house. I got a film.
- the tensile strength (MPa) of the tensile test piece prepared above was measured using a tensile tester (Instron's Instron testing machine 5567 type) according to JIS K7161, with a strip distance of 25 mm, test speed: 50 mm / It measured on the conditions of min.
- MFR measurement method According to JIS K 7210, using a melt indexer [manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.], the mass (g / 10 min) of the polymer flowing out per 10 minutes under a load of 190 ° C. and 2.16 kg was determined.
- Example 1 A twin-screw extruder is a thermoplastic resin composition formed using 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 1 part by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.10 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide A with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene The mixture was heat-kneaded with [KZW15TW-45MG-NH, manufactured by Technobel Co., Ltd.] to obtain pellets of a cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin. Next, a test piece for tensile strength evaluation was produced using the above-described pellet with an injection molding machine (Robot Shot ⁇ -30C manufactured by FANUC Co., Ltd.).
- Example 2 In the thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1, pellets of the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blending amount of the maleic anhydride modified polyethylene A was changed as shown in Table 1 below. Each was manufactured. Next, these pellets were used to prepare test pieces as lamp bodies provided with a resin part for tensile strength evaluation.
- Example 6 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 2 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.05 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide A with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 7 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.05 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide A with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 8 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 10 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.05 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide A with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 9 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.01 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide A with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 10 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.03 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide A with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 11 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.12 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide A with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 12 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 43 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.10 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide A with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 13 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 73 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.10 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide A with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 14 Pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A was not used in the thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 15 to 20 Pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1, the type of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene was changed to the type shown in Table 3 below. . Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 21 In the thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1, the procedure was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.10 parts by mass of peroxyketal with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene. As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 22 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.17 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide B with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene. As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 23 In the thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1, the procedure was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.30 parts by mass of diacyl peroxide with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene. As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 24 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.09 parts by mass of dialkyl peroxide C with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 25 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.16 parts by mass of alkylperoxy ester with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 26 The thermoplastic resin composition of Example 1 was changed to 11 parts by mass of cellulose, 5 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A, and 0.14 parts by mass of monoperoxycarbonate with respect to 100 parts by mass of high density polyethylene As in Example 1, pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 1 Pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene A and an organic peroxide were not used. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 2 Pellets of a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the organic peroxide was not used. Next, the test piece as a lamp body provided with the resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced using this pellet.
- Example 27 Using the pellet of the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition manufactured in Example 1, a test piece as a speaker unit provided with a resin part for evaluation of tensile strength by an injection molding machine (FANC Co., Ltd. Robot Shot ⁇ -30C) was produced.
- Example 28 to 52 Using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin compositions produced in Examples 2 to 26, test pieces as speaker units provided with a resin part for tensile strength evaluation were produced in the same manner as in Example 27, respectively.
- Comparative example 3 Using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition produced in Comparative Example 1, a test piece as a speaker unit provided with a resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced in the same manner as in Example 27.
- Comparative example 4 Using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition produced in Comparative Example 2, a test piece as a speaker unit provided with a resin portion for tensile strength evaluation was produced in the same manner as in Example 27.
- Example 53 Using pellets of the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition manufactured in Example 1, as a connection box and connector provided with a resin part for tensile strength evaluation by an injection molding machine [FANUC Co., Ltd. robot shot ⁇ -30C] Test pieces were produced.
- Example 54 to 78 Using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin compositions produced in Examples 2 to 26, test pieces as connectors and connectors having a resin part for tensile strength evaluation were produced in the same manner as in Example 53. .
- Comparative example 5 Using the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition produced in Comparative Example 1, test pieces as connectors and a connector box having a resin part for tensile strength evaluation were produced in the same manner as in Example 53.
- Comparative example 6 Using the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition produced in Comparative Example 2, test pieces as connectors and a connection box provided with a resin part for tensile strength evaluation were produced in the same manner as in Example 53.
- Example 79 Using the pellet of the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition manufactured in Example 1, a test piece as a pulley provided with a resin portion for evaluation of tensile strength by an injection molding machine (FAPC Co., Ltd. Robot Shot ⁇ -30C) Made.
- Example 80 to 104 Using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin compositions produced in Examples 2 to 26, test pieces as pulleys provided with a resin portion for evaluating tensile strength were produced in the same manner as in Example 79, respectively.
- Comparative example 7 Using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition produced in Comparative Example 1, a test piece as a pulley provided with a resin portion for tensile strength evaluation was produced in the same manner as in Example 79.
- Comparative example 8 Using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition produced in Comparative Example 2, a test piece as a pulley provided with a resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced in the same manner as in Example 79.
- Example 105 ⁇ Test specimen as film for house> (Example 105) Using pellets of the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition manufactured in Example 1, a test as a house film provided with a resin portion for tensile strength evaluation by an injection molding machine [FANUC Corporation Robot Shot ⁇ -30C] A piece was made.
- Example 106 to 130 Using the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin compositions produced in Examples 2 to 26, test pieces as house films provided with a resin part for tensile strength evaluation were produced in the same manner as in Example 105.
- Comparative example 9 Using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition produced in Comparative Example 1, a test piece as a house film provided with a resin portion for tensile strength evaluation was produced in the same manner as in Example 105.
- Comparative example 10 Using the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition produced in Comparative Example 2, a test piece as a house film provided with a resin part for tensile strength evaluation was produced in the same manner as in Example 105.
- a lamp provided with a resin portion formed from a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition obtained by heat-kneading the thermoplastic resin composition of Examples 1 to 130 of the present invention.
- the test pieces of the body, the speaker unit, the connection box and the connector, the pulley, and the film for house all have a tensile strength of 40 MPa or more measured according to JIS K 7161, while the resins of Comparative Examples 1 to 10
- the lamp body, the speaker unit, the junction box and the connector, the pulleys, and the house film test pieces have higher tensile strength.
- thermoplastic resin composition of Examples 1 to 130 in which the cellulose is uniformly dispersed and contained, and the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition obtained by using the thermoplastic resin composition are molding materials It has been found that it has an action capable of improving the mechanical strength of Further, in Examples 1 to 130, since the thermoplastic resin composition and the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition having such an action are used, a lamp body and a speaker unit provided with a resin part having an improved mechanical strength. , Connection box and connector, pulley, film for house could be made.
- the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition obtained using the thermoplastic resin composition of Examples 1 to 130 of the present invention has improved tensile strength and high reinforcement efficiency of the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin, so that the cellulose-reinforced thermoplastic resin composition is reinforced. It turns out that it is useful as a lamp body provided with the resin part as resin, a speaker unit, a connection box and a connector, a pulley, and a film for houses.
- thermoplastic resin compositions of Examples 1 to 130 since a cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition is obtained from the thermoplastic resin compositions of Examples 1 to 130, a lamp body provided with a resin portion molded from the cellulose reinforced thermoplastic resin composition, a speaker unit, It can be judged that the junction box and the connector, the pulley, and the film for house are reduced in weight and strengthened, and are excellent in recyclability and surface smoothness.
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Abstract
Description
[1]熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対してセルロースを5~70質量部含有し、かつ有機過酸化物を含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂部を備え、
前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂成形体のJIS K7161に準拠して測定した引張強度が40MPa以上である成形品材。
[2]前記熱可塑性樹脂が、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を含む、[1]に記載の成形品。
[3]前記有機過酸化物の1分間半減期温度が、130~190℃である、[1]または[2]に記載の成形品。
[4]前記有機過酸化物が、ジアルキルパーオキサイド、パーオキシケタール、ジアシルパーオキサイド、アルキルパーオキシエステルおよびモノパーオキシカーボネートから選択される少なくとも1種の有機過酸化物である、[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載の成形品。
[5]前記有機過酸化物の含有量が、前記熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して、0.01~0.30質量部である、[1]~[4]のいずれか1つに記載の成形品。
[6]前記熱可塑性樹脂が、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を含み、該不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂が、無水マレイン酸変性ポリオレフィン樹脂である、[1]~[5]のいずれか1つに記載の成形品。
[7]前記熱可塑性樹脂が、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂と、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物で変性されていないポリオレフィン樹脂との混合樹脂である、[1]~[6]のいずれか1つに記載の成形品。
[8]前記セルロースが、植物由来の繊維状のセルロースである、[1]~[7]のいずれか1つに記載の成形品。
[9]セルロースの水酸基と、カルボキシ基を有する架橋構造のポリオレフィン樹脂とのエステル結合複合樹脂を含有するセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂部を備え、
前記エステル結合複合樹脂中に占めるセルロース成分の含有量が、9.0~42質量%であり、かつ、
前記セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂成形体のJIS K7161に準拠して測定した引張強度が40MPa以上である成形品。
[10]前記カルボキシ基を有する架橋構造のポリオレフィン樹脂が、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の主鎖の炭素原子と不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物で変性されていないポリオレフィン樹脂の主鎖の炭素原子とが2箇所以上で結合した架橋構造のポリオレフィン樹脂である、[9]に記載の成形品。
[11]前記不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の変性前のポリオレフィン樹脂と、前記不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物で変性されていないポリオレフィン樹脂とが、異なったポリオレフィン樹脂である、[10]に記載の成形品。
[12]前記セルロースが、植物由来の繊維状のセルロースである、[9]~[11]のいずれか1つに記載の成形品。
[13]前記成形品が、灯具のランプボディ、スピーカユニット、接続箱、コネクタ、プーリまたはハウス用フィルムである[1]~[12]のいずれか1つに記載の成形品。
本発明において使用される熱可塑性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂成形体の引張強度は、この熱可塑性樹脂組成物に含まれる樹脂の特性もしくは物性である。このような引張強度は、熱可塑性樹脂組成物を加熱混練して、含有成分を反応させることで得られたセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を、JIS K7127の試験片タイプ2号に準拠する引張強度評価に適合した形態の試験片(樹脂成形体)に加工して評価する。一方、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、既に含有成分が反応しているため、引張強度は、JIS K7127の試験片タイプ2号に準拠する引張強度評価用に適合した形態の試験片(樹脂成形体)に加工するだけで評価できる。
本発明の成形品が備える樹脂部の形成に使用される熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、少なくとも、熱可塑性樹脂、セルロースおよび有機過酸化物を含有する。熱可塑性樹脂は、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を含有してもよい。
本発明では、熱可塑性樹脂のうちの1種が、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂であってもよく、熱可塑性樹脂が、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂のみでもよい。
ベース樹脂とは、熱可塑性樹脂組成物中に含有する不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂以外の熱可塑性樹脂の中で最も含有量の多い樹脂成分であり、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂と同質量以上含有してもよい。また、セルロースは熱可塑性樹脂には含まれない。
ベース樹脂は、例えば、代表的なポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレンでは炭素原子と水素原子のみから構成されており、疎水性が極めて高い。一方、セルロース繊維の表面は、水酸基を有する極性の高い表面であり、疎水性の高い熱可塑性樹脂との相溶性が低く、セルロース繊維を均一に分散することが困難である。本発明では、疎水性が高い熱可塑性樹脂中に、極性基の水酸基を有し、親水性の高いセルロース繊維を均一に分散させるため、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を使用することが好ましい。
有機過酸化物は、ベース樹脂や不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂などの熱可塑性樹脂のポリマー分子間をラジカル反応により架橋する重合開始剤である。有機過酸化物としては、少なくとも炭素原子と-O-O-結合を有する化合物であり、例えば、ケトンパーオキサイド、パーオキシケタール、ハイドロパーオキサイド、ジアルキルパーオキサイド、アシルパーオキサイド、アルキルパーオキシエステル、ジアシルパーオキサイド、モノパーオキシカーボネート、パーオキシジカーボネートが挙げられる。このうち、本発明では、パーオキシケタール、ジアルキルパーオキサイド、ジアシルパーオキサイド、アルキルパーオキシエステルおよびモノパーオキシカーボネートから選択される少なくとも1種の有機過酸化物が好ましく、特にジアルキルパーオキサイドが好ましい。有機過酸化物を一般式で示すと、下記一般式(1)~(9)で表される有機過酸化物が好ましい。
(1)ケトンパーオキサイド化合物
シクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド、鎖状メチルエチルケトンパーオキサイド等
(2)パーオキシケタール化合物
1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)-3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサン、1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン、2,2-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)オクタン、n-ブチル-4,4-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)バレレート、2,2-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ブタン、環状メチルエチルケトンパーオキサイド等
(3)ハイドロパーオキサイド化合物
t-ブチルパーオキサイド、t-ブチルクミルパーオキサイド等
(4)ジアルキルパーオキサイド化合物
ジ-t-ブチルパーオキサイド、t-ブチルクミルパーオキサイド、ジクミルパーオキサイド、α,α’-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ-m-イソプロピル)ベンゼン、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキシン-3等
(5)アシルパーオキサイド化合物
アセチルパーオキサイド、イソブチリルパーオキサイド、オクタノイルパーオキサイド、デカノイルパーオキサイド、ラウロイルパーオキサイド、3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサノイルパーオキサイド、サクシニックアシッドパーオキサイド、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、2,4-ジクロロベンゾイルパーオキサイド、m-トルオイルパーオキサイド等
(6)アルキルパーオキシエステル化合物
t-ブチルパーオキシアセテート、t-ブチルパーオキシイソブチレート、t-ブチルパーオキシピバレート、t-ブチルパーオキシネオデカノエート、クミルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシ-3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシラウレート、t-ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキシイソフタレート、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(ベンゾイルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、t-ブチルパーオキシマレイックアシッド、t-ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルカーボネート、クミルパーオキシオクトエート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシピバレート、t-ブチルパーオキシネオヘキサノエート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシネオヘキサノエート、クミルパーオキシネオヘキサノエート等
(7)ジアシルパーオキサイド化合物
ジアセチルパーオキサイド、ジイソブチリルパーオキサイド、ジオクタノイルパーオキサイド、ジデカノイルパーオキサイド、ジラウロイルパーオキサイド、ビス(3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサノイル)パーオキサイド、ジベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ビス(2,4-ジクロロベンゾイル)パーオキサイド、ビス(m-トルオイル)パーオキサイド等
(8)モノパーオキシカーボネート化合物
t-ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルカーボネート、t-アミルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキシルカーボネート等
(9)パーオキシジカーボネート化合物
ジ-n-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジイソプロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ-s-ブチルパーオキシジカーボネート、ビス(4-t-ブチルシクロヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネート、ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネート等
本発明で使用するセルロースは、植物由来の繊維状のセルロースが好ましく、特に、微細な植物由来の繊維状のセルロースが好ましい。本発明の樹脂部を備える成形品、例えば、灯具のランプボディ、スピーカユニット、接続箱、コネクタ、プーリ、ハウス用フィルム等は、樹脂部の配合材料としてセルロースが用いられているため、軽量化、高強度化を図ることができると共に、成形品のリサイクル性、表面平滑性を向上させることができる。さらに、例えば、成形品がフィルムのような形態である場合、成形品としてのハウス用フィルムがこのような繊維状のセルロースが複合された上記熱可塑性樹脂の層を含むことによって、向上した表面平滑性を備えることができ、これにより、優れた光線透過性を備えたハウス用フィルムを得ることができる。また、セルロースは-OH基を有する極性分子であるため、分子間の親和性が高い。そのため、ハウス用フィルムの界面接着力が向上しており、接着性能に優れたハウス用フィルムを得ることができる。これにより、例えば、ハウス用フィルムが破れた場合に、接着テープ等で簡便に補修することができるなどの利点が得られる。
本発明に使用される熱可塑性樹脂組成物には、無機系の充填剤、例えばタルク、炭酸カルシウム、マイカ、ガラス繊維等、あるいは有機系の充填剤、例えばポリエステル、ポリアミド繊維等、その他に難燃剤、安定剤、酸化防止剤、赤外線吸収剤、可塑剤、滑剤等の各種添加剤、染料、顔料の着色剤を添加することができる。
本発明に使用されるセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、前述の熱可塑性樹脂組成物から製造される。本発明に使用されるセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、前述の熱可塑性樹脂組成物を加熱混練して、含有成分が反応したものである。上記の反応で、ラジカル反応開始剤である有機過酸化物によりベース樹脂およびセルロース繊維のセルロースの水素原子が反応し、ベース樹脂とセルロース繊維との間に架橋反応が進行する。さらに、熱可塑性樹脂が不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を含む場合、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂とセルロースが反応し、セルロースの水酸基とカルボキシ基を有する架橋構造のポリオレフィン樹脂とのエステル結合が形成される。
一般的な有機過酸化物を使用する場合、混練温度は150~200℃が好ましい。
本発明に係る成形品の樹脂部は、本発明に使用される熱可塑性樹脂組成物を加熱混練して得られたセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用して形成する。すなわち、樹脂部は、セルロースの水酸基とカルボキシ基を有する架橋構造のポリオレフィン樹脂とのエステル結合複合樹脂(複合体)を含有するセルロース強化樹脂組成物から形成され、該エステル結合複合樹脂中に占めるセルロース成分の含有量が、9.0~42質量%であり、かつ、当該セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂成形体のJIS K7161に準拠して測定した引張強度が40MPa以上である。
図1は、成形品の一実施形態に係る灯具のランプボディの一例を示す模式断面図である。図1には、灯具100の一例として、車両用灯具としての前照灯(ヘッドランプ)の構成が示されている。灯具100は、ランプボディ101、前面カバー102、光源103、反射鏡(リフレクタ)104、およびソケット部105を含む。ランプボディ101は、前面に開口部111を有している。前面カバー102は、ランプボディ101の開口部111を覆うようにランプボディ101に取り付けられている。これにより、ランプボディ101と前面カバー102によって密閉された空間110が形成される。
図2は、成形品の一実施形態に係るスピーカユニットの一例を示す斜視図である。スピーカユニット210は、板状のバッフル211と、当該バッフル211の背面に結合された箱状の格納部212とによって構成された略密閉状態の筐体(エンクロージャー)213と、バッフル211の表面に放音面を露出するように筐体213に保持されたスピーカ214とを備えている。なお、筐体(エンクロージャー)213は、一般的に、スピーカボックスまたはキャビネットとも称され、応用する装置等によって、箱型や円筒型、円錐型等、さまざまな形状を有する。スピーカ214は、磁気回路の振動源としてのエキサイター215と、エキサイター215の振動により発生した音波を筐体213の外部へ放出するコーン紙216とを有する。
図5は、成形品の一実施形態に係る接続箱を示す斜視図であり、図6は、図5の接続箱の分解斜視図である。接続箱300は、例えば自動車の室内側に設置されるジャンクションボックスとして構成されている。この接続箱300は、第1ケース320aと第2ケース320bとを有するケース320を備えている。
図7は、成形品の一実施形態に係るプーリの正面図、図8は図1のB-B断面図を表す。図7及び8に示されるように、プーリ400は、転がり軸受410と、転がり軸受410の周囲に一体成形された樹脂部420とによって構成されている。転がり軸受410は、内輪411と、外輪412と、内外輪間に設けられた転動体413とを有する。樹脂部420は、上記熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用して形成されている。樹脂部420は、円筒状のボス421と、円筒状のリム422と、ボス421とリム422とを連結する円環部423と、を備えている。リム422の外周面424が図示しないベルトの案内面となっている。
図9は、成形品の一実施態様に係るハウス用フィルムを適用した農業ハウスの外観の一例を示す模式的な斜視図である。図9に示すように、農業用ハウス510は、躯体502に展張されたフィルム501を備える。
(1)熱可塑性樹脂
(ベース樹脂)
・高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)
MFR(190℃/2.16kg)=5g/10分
密度=0.953g/cm3
(無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレン)
・無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA
MFR(190℃/2.16kg)=9.0g/10分
赤外吸収スペクトルの相対強度比=0.15
・無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンB
MFR(190℃/2.16kg)=0.4g/10分
赤外吸収スペクトルの相対強度比=0.14
・無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンC
MFR(190℃/2.16kg)=3.4g/10分
赤外吸収スペクトルの相対強度比=0.10
・無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンD
MFR(190℃/2.16kg)=4.4g/10分
赤外吸収スペクトルの相対強度比=0.16
・無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンE
MFR(190℃/2.16kg)=1.3g/10分
赤外吸収スペクトルの相対強度比=0.17
・無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンF MFR(190℃/2.16kg)=1.2g/10分
赤外吸収スペクトルの相対強度比=0.16
・無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンG
MFR(190℃/2.16kg)=1.1g/10分
赤外吸収スペクトルの相対強度比=0.12
・パルプ〔日本製紙ケミカル(株)製 商品名 KCフロックW-200、平均粒径約32μmの粉末セルロース〕
・パーオキシケタール〔日油(株)製 商品名 パーヘキサC〕
・ジアルキルパーオキサイドA〔日油(株)製 商品名 パーヘキサ25B〕
・ジアルキルパーオキサイドB〔日油(株)製 商品名 パークミルD〕
・ジアルキルパーオキサイドC〔日油(株)製 商品名 パーブチルD〕
・ジアシルパーオキサイド〔日油(株)製 商品名 ナイパーFF〕
・アルキルパーオキシエステル〔日油(株)製 商品名 パーブチルA〕
・モノパーオキシカーボネート〔日油(株)製 商品名 パーヘキシルI〕
上記(1)熱可塑性樹脂(ベース樹脂、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレン)、(2)セルロース、(3)有機過酸化物が、下記表1~表10に示される含有量でそれぞれ含まれる熱可塑性樹脂組成物を作製した。得られた熱可塑性樹脂組成物を、時間当たり供給質量で制御したフィーダーにより、スクリュー径15mm、L/D=45の二軸押出機〔(株)テクノベル製 KZW15TW-45MG-NH〕のホッパーに投入した。パレル温度は有機過酸化物の1分間半減期温度より20℃高く設定し、スクリュー回転速度は100rpmで、加熱混練してセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を得た。尚、熱可塑性樹脂が無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンを含む場合、表1~表25において、便宜上、使用した無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンはカップリング剤として表記した。
(ランプボディ、スピーカユニット、接続箱およびコネクタ、プーリの製造)
上記で調製したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いて射出成形し、樹脂部を備えるランプボディ、スピーカユニット、接続箱およびコネクタ、プーリをそれぞれ作製した。なお、射出条件は、これらの成形品の射出成形において一般的に適切とされる成形条件で実施した。
上記で調製したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を、Tダイキャストフィルム製造装置を用いて、押出温度200℃にて、フィルム成形することにより、厚さ100μmの単層のフィルムを作製し、ハウス用フィルムを得た。
前記で得られたセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを80℃、24時間乾燥し、射出成形機〔ファナック(株)製 ロボットショット α-30C〕により、JIS K7127の試験片タイプ2号に準拠して、引張試験片をそれぞれ作製した。
上記で作製した引張試験片の引張強度(MPa)をJIS K7161に準拠して、引張試験機〔インストロン社製のインストロン試験機 5567型〕により、票線間距離25mm、試験速度:50mm/minの条件で測定した。
熱可塑性樹脂のベース樹脂と無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA~GのMFR、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA~Gの赤外吸収スペクトルの相対強度比および使用する有機過酸化物の1分間半減期温度は、以下のようにして測定した。
JIS K7210に準拠し、メルトインデクサー〔(株)東洋精機製作所製〕を用いて、190℃、2.16kg荷重下で10分間あたりに流出するポリマーの質量(g/10分)を求めた。
各無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンを150℃、200kgf/cm2で5分間熱プレスして、厚さ100μmのフィルムを作製した。このフィルムの赤外吸収スペクトルを測定し、1791cm-1付近の吸収強度/719cm-1付近の吸収強度の比から、相対強度比を求めた。
有機過酸化物が熱によって分解して、その活性酸素量が分解前の量の半分になるまでの時間である半減期は、0.1モル/L濃度の有機過酸化物のベンゼン溶液を調整し、熱分解させたときの有機過酸化物濃度の時間変化を測定して求めた。
(実施例1)
高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 1質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドA 0.10質量部を用いて形成した熱可塑性樹脂組成物を、二軸押出機〔(株)テクノベル製 KZW15TW-45MG-NH〕にて加熱混練して、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂のペレットを得た。次に、上記のペレットを射出成形機〔ファナック(株)製 ロボットショット α-30C〕で、引張強度評価用の試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンAの配合量を下記表1に示すように変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットをそれぞれ製造した。次に、これらのペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片をそれぞれ作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 2質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドA 0.05質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドA 0.05質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 10質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドA 0.05質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドA 0.01質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドA 0.03質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドA 0.12質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース43質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドA 0.10質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース73質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドA 0.10質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンAを使用しなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンの種類を下記表3に示す種類に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、パーオキシケタール0.10質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドB 0.17質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、ジアシルパーオキサイド0.30質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、ジアルキルパーオキサイドC 0.09質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、アルキルパーオキシエステル0.16質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例1の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、高密度ポリエチレン100質量部に対して、セルロース11質量部、無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンA 5質量部、モノパーオキシカーボネート0.14質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレンAおよび有機過酸化物を使用しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
有機過酸化物を使用しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを製造した。次に、このペレットを使用して、引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるランプボディとしての試験片を作製した。
(実施例27)
実施例1で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを用いて、射出成形機〔ファナック(株)製 ロボットショット α-30C〕により引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるスピーカユニットとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例2~26で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物をそれぞれ使用して、実施例27と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるスピーカユニットとしての試験片をそれぞれ作製した。
比較例1で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用して、実施例27と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるスピーカユニットとしての試験片を作製した。
比較例2で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用して、実施例27と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるスピーカユニットとしての試験片を作製した。
(実施例53)
実施例1で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを用いて、射出成形機〔ファナック(株)製 ロボットショット α-30C〕により引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備える接続箱およびコネクタとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例2~26で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物をそれぞれ使用して、実施例53と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備える接続箱およびコネクタとしての試験片をそれぞれ作製した。
比較例1で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用して、実施例53と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備える接続箱およびコネクタとしての試験片を作製した。
比較例2で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用して、実施例53と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備える接続箱およびコネクタとしての試験片を作製した。
(実施例79)
実施例1で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを用いて、射出成形機〔ファナック(株)製 ロボットショット α-30C〕により引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるプーリとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例2~26で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物をそれぞれ使用して、実施例79と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるプーリとしての試験片をそれぞれ作製した。
比較例1で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用して、実施例79と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるプーリとしての試験片を作製した。
比較例2で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用して、実施例79と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるプーリとしての試験片を作製した。
(実施例105)
実施例1で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを用いて、射出成形機〔ファナック(株)製 ロボットショット α-30C〕により引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるハウス用フィルムとしての試験片を作製した。
実施例2~26で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物をそれぞれ使用して、実施例105と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるハウス用フィルムとしての試験片をそれぞれ作製した。
比較例1で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用して、実施例105と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるハウス用フィルムとしての試験片を作製した。
比較例2で製造したセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用して、実施例105と同様の方法で引張強度評価用の樹脂部を備えるハウス用フィルムとしての試験片を作製した。
101 ランプボディ
102 前面カバー
103 光源
104 反射鏡(リフレクタ)
105 ソケット部
110 空間
111 開口部
112 貫通孔
140 凹面
200 車載用スピーカ装置
201 アウタパネル
202 インナパネル
210 スピーカユニット
211 バッフル
212 格納部
213 筐体
214 スピーカ
215 エキサイター
216 コーン紙
220 インナトリム
300 接続箱
320 ケース
320a 第1ケース
320b 第2ケース
321 マウント面
322 リレー装着用コネクタ
340a 第1基板
340b 第2基板
340c 第3基板
341 ECU用コネクタ
342a 室内側コネクタ
342b 室内側コネクタ
343 リレー装着用コネクタ
344 エンジンルーム側コネクタ
400 プーリ
410 転がり軸受
411 内輪
412 外輪
413 転動体
420 樹脂部
421 ボス
422 リム
423 円環部
424 外周面
501 フィルム
502 駆体
510 農業用ハウス
Claims (13)
- 熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対してセルロースを5~70質量部含有し、かつ有機過酸化物を含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂部を備え、
前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂成形体のJIS K7161に準拠して測定した引張強度が40MPa以上である成形品。 - 前記熱可塑性樹脂が、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を含む、請求項1に記載の成形品。
- 前記有機過酸化物の1分間半減期温度が、130~190℃である、請求項1または2に記載の成形品。
- 前記有機過酸化物が、ジアルキルパーオキサイド、パーオキシケタール、ジアシルパーオキサイド、アルキルパーオキシエステルおよびモノパーオキシカーボネートから選択される少なくとも1種の有機過酸化物である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の成形品。
- 前記有機過酸化物の含有量が、前記熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して、0.01~0.30質量部である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の成形品。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂が、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を含み、該不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂が、無水マレイン酸変性ポリオレフィン樹脂である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の成形品。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂が、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂と、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物で変性されていないポリオレフィン樹脂との混合樹脂である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の成形品。
- 前記セルロースが、植物由来の繊維状のセルロースである、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の成形品。
- セルロースの水酸基とカルボキシ基を有する架橋構造のポリオレフィン樹脂とのエステル結合複合樹脂を含有するセルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂部を備え、
前記エステル結合複合樹脂中に占めるセルロース成分の含有量が、9.0~42質量%であり、かつ、
前記セルロース強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂成形体のJIS K7161に準拠して測定した引張強度が40MPa以上である成形品。 - 前記カルボキシ基を有する架橋構造のポリオレフィン樹脂が、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の主鎖の炭素原子と不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物で変性されていないポリオレフィン樹脂の主鎖の炭素原子とが2箇所以上で結合した架橋構造のポリオレフィン樹脂である、請求項9に記載の成形品。
- 前記不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物のグラフト変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の変性前のポリオレフィン樹脂と、前記不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその無水物で変性されていないポリオレフィン樹脂とが、異なったポリオレフィン樹脂である、請求項10に記載の成形品。
- 前記セルロースが、植物由来の繊維状のセルロースである、請求項9~11のいずれか1項に記載の成形品。
- 前記成形品が、灯具のランプボディ、スピーカユニット、接続箱、コネクタ、プーリまたはハウス用フィルムである請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の成形品。
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| CN111183187A (zh) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-05-19 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | 成型品 |
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| JP2021169187A (ja) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-10-28 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 木質基材、化粧材及び木質基材の製造方法 |
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| CN115427498A (zh) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-12-02 | 奥依列斯工业株式会社 | 用于滑动元件的树脂组合物和滑动元件 |
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| JP7808427B2 (ja) | 2020-04-21 | 2026-01-29 | オイレス工業株式会社 | 摺動部材用樹脂組成物及び摺動部材 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3689973B1 (en) | 2025-06-11 |
| US20200224009A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 |
| EP3689973A1 (en) | 2020-08-05 |
| EP3689973A4 (en) | 2021-06-09 |
| US11746215B2 (en) | 2023-09-05 |
| JPWO2019066071A1 (ja) | 2020-09-10 |
| JP7203743B2 (ja) | 2023-01-13 |
| CN111183188A (zh) | 2020-05-19 |
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