WO2017006547A1 - 能動型騒音低減装置 - Google Patents
能動型騒音低減装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017006547A1 WO2017006547A1 PCT/JP2016/003139 JP2016003139W WO2017006547A1 WO 2017006547 A1 WO2017006547 A1 WO 2017006547A1 JP 2016003139 W JP2016003139 W JP 2016003139W WO 2017006547 A1 WO2017006547 A1 WO 2017006547A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
- G10K11/17823—Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
- G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
- G10K11/17854—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter the filter being an adaptive filter
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
- G10K11/17883—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being derived from a machine operating condition, e.g. engine RPM or vehicle speed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/128—Vehicles
- G10K2210/1282—Automobiles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/301—Computational
- G10K2210/3028—Filtering, e.g. Kalman filters or special analogue or digital filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/301—Computational
- G10K2210/3056—Variable gain
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an active noise reduction device that reduces noise generated in a passenger compartment due to vibration of an engine or the like.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a conventional active noise reduction device 501.
- the active noise reduction device 501 generates a sound wave having the same amplitude as the noise and opposite in phase with respect to the noise generated in the passenger compartment as the vehicle engine rotates, and interferes with the noise. Reduce noise.
- the control signal for generating the sound wave that interferes with the noise is generated by multiplying the sine wave signal and cosine wave signal having the same frequency as the noise by the adaptive filter coefficient and then adding them.
- the adaptive filter is updated by the LMS algorithm based on a simulated signal which is a signal obtained by convolution of a transmission characteristic between a speaker and a microphone with a signal from a microphone installed at a control point and a reference signal which is a sine wave signal.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are known as prior art document information relating to the active noise reduction device 501.
- JP 2000-99037 A Japanese Patent No. 4079831
- the active noise reduction apparatus generates a control frequency determiner that determines a noise frequency, a reference cosine wave generator that generates a reference cosine wave signal having the determined frequency, and a reference sine wave signal that has a noise frequency.
- a reference sine wave generator a first one-tap adaptive filter that receives a reference cosine wave signal and has a first filter coefficient, and a second one that receives a reference sine wave signal and has a second filter coefficient
- a simulated signal generator that outputs a simulated cosine wave signal and a simulated sine wave signal obtained by correcting the illumination cosine wave signal and the reference sine wave signal, respectively, an output signal from the residual sound detector, and an output from the simulated signal generator
- a filter coefficient updating unit that updates a first filter coefficient and a second filter coefficient based on a signal, the reference cosine wave signal, the reference sine wave signal, and an output signal from the adder; Secondary noise reduces the noise in the space where the residual sound detector is installed.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an active noise reduction apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another active noise reduction apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an open loop characteristic measurement system of the active noise reduction apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a measurement system for open loop characteristics of a conventional active noise reduction apparatus.
- FIG. 5A is an amplitude characteristic diagram of an open loop when the control frequency of the active noise reduction apparatus in Embodiment 1 is 100 Hz.
- FIG. 5B is an open-loop phase characteristic diagram when the control frequency of the active noise reduction apparatus according to Embodiment 1 is 100 Hz.
- FIG. 5A is an amplitude characteristic diagram of an open loop when the control frequency of the active noise reduction apparatus in Embodiment 1 is 100 Hz.
- FIG. 5B is an open-loop phase characteristic diagram when the control frequency of the active noise reduction apparatus according to Embodiment 1 is 100 Hz.
- FIG. 6A is an amplitude characteristic diagram of an open loop when the control frequency of the active noise reduction apparatus according to Embodiment 1 is 200 Hz.
- FIG. 6B is a phase characteristic diagram of an open loop when the control frequency of the active noise reduction apparatus in Embodiment 1 is 200 Hz.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an active noise reduction apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8A is an open loop characteristic diagram of the active noise reduction apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 8B is an open loop characteristic diagram of the active noise reduction apparatus according to the second exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a conventional active noise reduction apparatus.
- the current transfer characteristics between the speakers and microphones generate simulated signals due to changes in speaker and microphone characteristics over time, changes in the cabin environment such as opening and closing of windows, and changes in the number of passengers. Therefore, if the transfer characteristic data is different from the transfer characteristic data stored in the computing unit in the active noise reduction device, the operation of the adaptive filter becomes unstable and the ideal noise reduction effect cannot be obtained. Instead, it falls into a divergent state that increases noise.
- the conventional active noise reduction apparatus 501 is adaptive because the filter coefficient is not updated properly even under conditions where there is significant external noise such as when driving on rough roads or when windows are opened.
- the operation of the filter becomes unstable, and in the worst case, an abnormal sound due to divergence is generated, which may cause a significant discomfort to the occupant.
- the conventional active noise reduction device 501 if there is a difference between the noise level at the microphone position installed at the control point and the noise level at the occupant's ear position, the noise reduction effect at the occupant's ear position is reduced. Overcompensation may occur.
- a signal (compensation signal) in which a control signal is acoustically transmitted to a microphone with an initial transmission characteristic is generated numerically, and the compensation signal and the output signal of the microphone are added.
- the filter divergence is suppressed, and overcompensation at the occupant's ear position is suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an active noise reduction apparatus 1001 according to the first embodiment.
- An active noise reduction apparatus 1001 includes a control frequency determiner 1, a reference cosine wave generator 2, a reference sine wave generator 3, 1-tap adaptive filters 5, 6, an adder 9, and a secondary noise generator. 11 a, a simulation signal generator 4, filter coefficient updating units 7 and 8, and a residual sound detector 12.
- the control frequency determination unit 1 receives a signal related to the rotation element of the automobile such as the engine / shaft and outputs the frequency f of the noise N0 in the control space S1 to be muffled according to the detected rotation frequency. For example, in the case of engine rotation, an engine pulse that is an electrical signal synchronized with the engine rotation is received, and the engine speed is detected.
- the frequency f of the noise N0 produced according to a rotation speed is output.
- the frequency f output from the control frequency determiner 1 is input to the reference cosine wave generator 2, the reference sine wave generator 3, and the simulation signal generator 4.
- the 1-tap adaptive filters 5 and 6 constitute an adaptive notch filter unit 51.
- the filter coefficient update units 7 and 8 constitute a filter coefficient update unit 52.
- the reference cosine wave generator 2 and the reference sine wave generator 3 are a reference cosine wave signal b0 (n) and a reference sine as a reference signal synchronized with the frequency f to be silenced obtained by the control frequency determiner 1 at time n.
- Each of the wave signals b1 (n) is generated.
- the cosine wave signal b0 (n) and the reference sine wave signal b1 (n) are 90 degrees out of phase with each other.
- the reference cosine wave signal b0 (n) that is the output signal of the reference cosine wave generator 2 is multiplied by the filter coefficient W0 (n) of the 1-tap adaptive filter 5 in the adaptive notch filter unit 51.
- the reference sine wave signal b 1 (n) that is the output signal of the reference sine wave generator 3 is multiplied by the filter coefficient W 1 (n) of the 1-tap adaptive filter 6 in the adaptive notch filter unit 51.
- the adder 9 adds the output signal of the 1-tap adaptive filter 5 (W0 (n) ⁇ b0 (n)) and the output signal of the 1-tap adaptive filter 6 (W1 (n) ⁇ b1 (n)).
- the obtained output signal y (n) is output.
- the secondary noise generator 11 a includes a power amplifier 10 and a speaker 11.
- the residual sound detector 12 and the speaker 11 of the secondary noise generator 11a are installed in the control space S1.
- the output signal y (n) of the adder 9, which is the output of the adaptive notch filter unit 51, is amplified by the power amplifier 10, and then radiated from the speaker 11 as the secondary noise N1 for canceling the noise N0 that is a problem. .
- the subject noise N0 is silenced by interference with the secondary noise N1.
- the residual sound that has not been silenced at this time is detected by the residual sound detector 12 that is a microphone, and the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) of the 1-tap adaptive filters 5 and 6 are used as the error signal e (n). Used for the first adaptive control algorithm to update.
- the simulation signal generator 4 holds transfer characteristic data from the power amplifier 10 to the residual sound detector 12 at the frequency f, and generates a simulation signal that is a signal obtained by convolving the transfer characteristic with a reference signal.
- the simulated signal is a simulated cosine wave signal r0 (n) obtained by convolving the transfer characteristic with the reference cosine wave signal b0 (n), and a simulation obtained by convolving the transfer characteristic with the reference sine wave signal b1 (n). It consists of a sine wave signal r1 (n). That is, the simulated signal generator 4 simulates the transmission characteristics from the secondary noise generator 11a (speaker 11) to the residual sound detector 12, and the reference cosine wave signal b0 (n) and the reference sine wave signal b1.
- a simulated cosine wave signal r0 (n) and a simulated sine wave signal r1 (n) obtained by respectively correcting (n) are output.
- the generation of the simulation signals r0 (n) and r1 (n) uses transfer characteristic data stored in a storage medium such as a ROM.
- the amplitude characteristic and phase characteristic of the transmission system are measured in advance with a frequency characteristic measuring instrument or the like, and the amplitude and phase for each frequency are stored in a storage medium as a table.
- the amplitude and phase are read from the table stored in the storage medium based on the output value of the control frequency determiner, and the cosine wave having the frequency based on the read amplitude and phase and the output value of the control frequency determiner 1 And by calculating a sine wave.
- the simulated cosine wave signal r0 (n) and the simulated sine wave signal r1 (n) at time n are expressed by Equations (1) and (2) depending on the frequency f, gain C, and phase ⁇ output from the control frequency determiner 1. ) Respectively.
- the first adaptive control algorithm uses the simulated signals r0 (n) and r1 (n) and the error signal e (n) output from the residual sound detector 12, and the first adaptive control algorithm updates the filter coefficient. This is realized by the unit 7.
- the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) of the 1-tap adaptive filters 5 and 6 are updated by (Equation 3) and (Equation 4) based on the step size parameter ⁇ , respectively.
- the second adaptive control algorithm is used to stabilize the control.
- the second adaptive control algorithm uses the reference signals b0 (n) and b1 (n) and the output signal y (n) of the adaptive notch filter unit 51, and the second adaptive control algorithm is realized by the filter coefficient update unit 8.
- the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) of the 1-tap adaptive filters 5 and 6 are respectively updated by (Equation 5) and (Equation 6) based on the step size parameter ⁇ .
- the active noise reduction apparatus 1001 updates the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) with (Equation 7) and (Equation 8) by combining the first adaptive control algorithm and the second adaptive control algorithm.
- the filter coefficient update unit 52 outputs the output signal from the residual sound detector 12 (error signal e (n)) and the output signal from the simulation signal generator 4 (simulated cosine wave signal r0 (n), simulation). Based on the sine wave signal r1 (n)), the reference cosine wave signal b0 (n), the reference sine wave signal b1 (n), and the output signal y (n) from the adder 9, the filter coefficients W0 (n), W1 ( n) is updated.
- the filter coefficient updating unit 7 does not use the reference cosine wave signal b0 (n), the reference sine wave signal b1 (n), and the output signal y (n) from the adder 9, and outputs from the residual sound detector 12. Based on the signal (error signal e (n)) and the output signal (simulated cosine wave signal r0 (n), simulated sine wave signal r1 (n)) from the simulated signal generator 4, filter coefficients W0 (n), W1 ( n) is updated.
- the filter coefficient updating unit 8 outputs an output signal (error signal e (n)) from the residual sound detector 12 and an output signal (simulated cosine wave signal r0 (n), simulated sine wave signal r1 (n) from the simulated signal generator. )),
- the filter coefficients W0 (n), W1 (n) based on the reference cosine wave signal b0 (n), the reference sine wave signal b1 (n), and the output signal y (n) from the adder 9. ).
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another active noise reduction apparatus 1002 according to the first embodiment.
- the same reference numerals are assigned to the same parts as those of the active noise reduction apparatus 1001 shown in FIG.
- the active noise reduction apparatus 1002 further includes a residual sound detector 15 that is a microphone.
- the noise N0 that is the subject is silenced by interference with the secondary noise N1.
- the residual sound that has not been silenced is detected by the residual sound detectors 12 and 15 provided in the control space, and the residual sound detectors 12 and 15 detect the error signals e0 (n) and e1 based on the detected residual sounds. (N) is output.
- the simulated signal generator 4 is a characteristic that simulates the transfer characteristic from the secondary noise generator 11a (speaker 11) to the residual sound detector 12, and the reference cosine wave signal b0 (n) and the reference sine wave signal b1 (n ) Are output by correcting a simulated cosine wave signal r00 (n) and a simulated sine wave signal r01 (n).
- the simulated signal generator 4 simulates the transmission characteristics from the secondary noise generator 11a (speaker 11) to the residual sound detector 15 with reference cosine wave signal b0 (n) and reference sine wave signal.
- a simulated cosine wave signal r10 (n) and a simulated sine wave signal r11 (n) obtained by correcting b1 (n), respectively, are output.
- the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) of the 1-tap adaptive filters 5 and 6 are respectively updated by (Equation 9) (vinegar 10) based on the step size parameter ⁇ .
- the first term and the second term of the formula for multiplying the step size parameter ⁇ are the portions by the first adaptive control algorithm by the filter coefficient updating unit 7, and the third term is the second term by the filter coefficient updating unit 8. This part is based on the adaptive control algorithm. As can be seen by comparing (Equation 7) with (Equation 9) and comparing (Equation 8) with (Equation 10), the second adaptive control algorithm is used even if the number of microphones of the residual sound detector increases. The amount of computation due to does not increase. Therefore, even when the number of microphones is increased, the same effect can be obtained with a small amount of calculation as compared with the conventional active noise reduction apparatus 501 shown in FIG.
- the filter coefficient update unit 52 includes the output signals (error signals e0 (n) and e1 (n)) from the residual sound detectors 12 and 15 and the simulation signal generator 4. Output signals (simulated cosine wave signals r00 (n), r10 (n), simulated sine wave signals r10 (n), r11 (n)), reference cosine wave signal b0 (n) and reference sine wave signal b1 (n ) And the output signal y (n) from the adder 9, the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) are updated.
- the filter coefficient updating unit 7 does not use the reference cosine wave signal b0 (n), the reference sine wave signal b1 (n), and the output signal y (n) from the adder 9, Output signals from the residual sound detectors 12 and 15 (error signals e0 (n) and e1 (n)) and output signals from the simulation signal generator 4 (simulated cosine wave signals r00 (n) and r10 (n), simulation The filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) are updated based on the sine wave signals r01 (n) and r11 (n)).
- the filter coefficient update unit 8 outputs the output signals from the residual sound detectors 12 and 15 (error signals e0 (n) and e1 (n)) and the output signal from the simulation signal generator (simulated cosine wave signal r00 (n), The reference cosine wave signal b0 (n), the reference sine wave signal b1 (n), and the output signal from the adder 9 are used without using the r10 (n) and the simulated sine wave signals r01 (n), r11 (n)).
- the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) are updated based on y (n).
- the least square method (LMS) algorithm is an algorithm for sequentially obtaining a solution that minimizes the evaluation function J shown in (Equation 11).
- E [P] indicates the expected value of the variable P.
- the adaptive control algorithm is based on the steepest descent method.
- the filter coefficient w (n) of the k-tap adaptive filter in the steepest descent method is updated by (Equation 12) based on the step size parameter ⁇ .
- the filter coefficient w (n) is a k-dimensional vector.
- the reference signal x (n) is also a k-dimensional vector.
- the step size parameter ⁇ is a scalar value.
- the second term of (Equation 12) is called a gradient vector and approaches the zero vector as the adaptive filter converges.
- the LMS algorithm further leads to updating the filter coefficient w (n) by replacing the expected value calculation in the second term with the instantaneous value calculation (Equation 13).
- the steepest descent method calculates the update vector by the cross-correlation between the reference signal x (n) and the error signal e (n), and the LMS algorithm calculates the update vector by the instantaneous value of the cross-correlation.
- Patent Document 2 discloses (Equation 15) (Equation 16) in which filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) are updated using the correction error signal e ′ (n) expressed by (Equation 14). ing.
- the simulation signals r0 (n) and r1 (n) are a cosine wave and a sine wave having a declination corresponding to the phase characteristic from the speaker 11 to the residual sound detector 12, respectively, the expected value E [r0 (n) ⁇ r1 (N)] is 0.
- the transfer characteristic from the speaker 11 to the residual sound detector 12 includes a gain C, which is an amplitude characteristic, and a phase characteristic.
- the phase characteristic is expressed by a function ⁇ (X) that moves the deviation angle of the signal X.
- the simulation signals r0 (n) and r1 (n) are expressed by (Equation 21) and (Equation 22) using the gain C and the function ⁇ (X), respectively.
- Equation 29 (Equation 29) (Equation 30) is obtained by using the instantaneous value of the gradient vector in an expression for updating the filter coefficient.
- Equation 7 and (Equation 8) can be derived by assuming that the instantaneous value of the value ignored in (Equation 29) and (Equation 30) with the gain C of the amplitude characteristic as 1 is the update vector.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an open loop characteristic measurement system of the active noise reduction apparatus 1001.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an open loop characteristic measurement system of a conventional active noise reduction apparatus 502 disclosed in Patent Document 2.
- the part surrounded by a broken line indicates an element realized in the active noise reduction devices 502 and 1001.
- the open-loop characteristic of the adaptive filter is measured using the active noise reduction devices 502 and 1001 and the frequency characteristic measuring device 13.
- the noise reduction performance was compared between the active noise reduction apparatus 1001 in the first embodiment and the conventional active noise reduction apparatus 502.
- a pulse signal having a constant period corresponding to a target frequency (for example, 100 Hz) determined by the control frequency determiner 1 is applied, and then a sine wave input signal is connected to a terminal to which the residual sound detector 12 is connected.
- V_IN is added, and the ratio of the output end output V_OUT of the speaker 11 to the sine wave input signal V_IN is measured by the frequency characteristic measuring device 13 to measure the open loop characteristic.
- This open loop characteristic represents the filter characteristic of the adaptive notch filter unit 51 at the frequency f determined by the control frequency determiner 1. When these characteristics match, the frequency determined by the control frequency determiner 1 The silencing performance of the active noise reduction devices 502 and 1001 at f is the same.
- FIG. 5A and 5B are open loop characteristics diagrams of the active noise reduction devices 502 and 1001 when the control frequency is 100 Hz.
- FIG. 5A shows an amplitude characteristic A502 of the open loop characteristics of the active noise reduction apparatus 502 and an amplitude characteristic A1001 of the active noise reduction apparatus 1001.
- FIG. 5B shows a phase characteristic P502 of the open loop characteristics of the active noise reduction apparatus 502 and a phase characteristic P1001 of the active noise reduction apparatus 1001.
- 6A and 6B are open loop characteristics diagrams of the active noise reduction devices 502 and 1001 when the control frequency is 200 Hz.
- FIG. 5A shows the amplitude characteristics of the open loop characteristics
- FIG. 5B shows the open loop characteristics. The phase characteristics are shown.
- the phase is 180 degrees near the control frequencies of 100 Hz and 200 Hz, respectively, and the effect is as expected.
- the open loop characteristics of the active noise reduction apparatus 1001 in the first embodiment and the conventional active noise reduction apparatus 502 are the same, and the active noise reduction in the first embodiment is active.
- the type noise reduction device 1001 has a transmission characteristic equivalent to that of the conventional active noise reduction device 502. That is, the adaptive control algorithm improves the stability even when the current transfer characteristic changes significantly from the initial transfer characteristic, or when the filter coefficients of the 1-tap adaptive filters 5 and 6 greatly fluctuate due to external noise. Thus, the filter coefficient divergence is suppressed, and overcompensation at the occupant's ear position is suppressed.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of active noise reduction apparatus 1003 in the second embodiment.
- the same reference numerals are assigned to the same parts as those of the active noise reduction apparatus 1001 in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the active noise reduction apparatus 1003 further includes a gain adjuster 14 provided between the adder 9 and the filter coefficient update unit 8 of the active noise reduction apparatus 1001 in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the filter coefficient update unit 8 updates the filter coefficient using the output signal of the gain adjuster 14.
- the gain adjuster 14 multiplies the output signal y (n) from the adder 9 by a gain coefficient ⁇ that is a predetermined constant to obtain an output signal ( ⁇ ⁇ y (n)).
- the filter coefficient update unit 8 includes a reference cosine wave signal b0 (n) that is an output signal from the reference cosine wave generator 2, and a reference sine wave signal b1 (n) that is an output signal from the reference sine wave generator 3.
- the gain adjuster 14 multiplies the output signal y (n) of the adder 9 by the gain coefficient ⁇ . At this time, the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) are updated by (Equation 31) (Equation 32) (Equation 33).
- the gain coefficient ⁇ adjusts the update speed by the second adaptive control algorithm, and has the same effect as the gain coefficient for the compensation signal in the prior art. That is, the stability of the adaptive filter and the noise reduction amount at the time of convergence can be adjusted by the gain coefficient ⁇ . As the gain coefficient ⁇ increases, the stability of the adaptive filter improves, but the noise reduction amount decreases.
- FIG. 8A and 8B are open loop characteristics diagrams of the active noise reduction apparatus 1003 when the gain coefficient ⁇ is set under the condition of 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1.
- FIG. 8A shows an amplitude characteristic A1003 of the open loop characteristics of the active noise reduction apparatus 1003 and an amplitude characteristic A502 of the conventional active noise reduction apparatus 502.
- FIG. 8B shows a phase characteristic P1003 of the open loop characteristics of the active noise reduction apparatus 1003 and a phase characteristic P502 of the conventional active noise reduction apparatus 502.
- the amplitude characteristic A1001 and the phase characteristic P1001 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B are equal to the characteristics when the gain coefficient ⁇ is 1.
- the active noise reduction device 1003 in the second embodiment has an open loop gain that changes with respect to frequency compared to the conventional active noise reduction device 502. It can be seen that the change in characteristics is equal. Therefore, the active noise reduction apparatus 1003 in the second embodiment has the same characteristics as the conventional active noise reduction apparatus 502. That is, the active noise reduction apparatus 1003 according to the second embodiment is used in the case where the current transfer characteristic changes significantly from the initial transfer characteristic, or when the filter coefficient of the adaptive filter greatly varies due to external noise. As compared with the active noise reduction device 1001 in FIG. 1, overcompensation is more optimally suppressed, and an ideal noise reduction effect with improved stability can be obtained.
- the gain coefficient ⁇ is a predetermined value, but may be changed according to the frequency f of the noise N0.
- the gain coefficient ⁇ for each value of the frequency f of the noise N0 is stored in advance as a table in the storage medium, and the value of the gain coefficient ⁇ is calculated from the table based on the value of the frequency f output from the control frequency determiner 1.
- the gain coefficient ⁇ can be determined by referring to it.
- the vehicle Since the level of the correction signal can be adjusted according to the acoustic transmission characteristics in the room, overcompensation can be suppressed more optimally, and an ideal noise reduction effect with improved stability can be obtained.
- the transmission characteristics from the speaker 11 to the residual sound detector 12 that is a microphone have frequency characteristics that depend on the frequency f in both amplitude and phase.
- the gain coefficient ⁇ in the second embodiment may be changed according to the sum of the squares of the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) of the 1-tap adaptive filters 5 and 6 shown in (Expression 34).
- the gain coefficient ⁇ having a value corresponding to the sum of the squares of the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) of the 1-tap adaptive filter 5 and 1-tap adaptive filter 6 is added to the output signal y (n) of the adder 9. You may multiply.
- the value of the gain coefficient ⁇ for each of a plurality of values of the sum of the squares of the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) is stored in advance as a table in the storage medium.
- the value of the sum of the squares of the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) (W0 (n) 2 + W1 (n) 2 ) is calculated at the time of calculation, and the value of the gain coefficient ⁇ is called from the table based on the value.
- filter coefficients W0 (n + 1) and W1 (n + 1) are obtained.
- the update rate of the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) can be adjusted according to the possibility of the divergence phenomenon that the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) become excessively large.
- the divergence is suppressed while suppressing the sacrifice of the noise reduction effect, and a more ideal noise reduction effect can be obtained.
- the gain coefficient ⁇ is increased and the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 (n) are updated.
- the possibility of divergence can be reduced by suppressing the width.
- the active noise reduction apparatuses 1001 to 1003 can realize a reduction in cost without increasing the amount of calculation even when a plurality of residual sound detectors are provided. Furthermore, the active noise reduction apparatuses 1001 to 1003 are used in the case where the current transfer characteristic is significantly changed from the initial transfer characteristic, or when the external tap noise is mixed and the filter coefficients W0 (n) and W1 of the 1-tap adaptive filters 5 and 6 are mixed. Even when (n) fluctuates greatly, the adaptive control algorithm works to improve stability, suppresses the divergence of the 1-tap adaptive filters 5 and 6, and suppresses overcompensation at the occupant's ear position. However, an ideal noise reduction effect can be obtained.
- the active noise reduction device according to the present invention can be applied to devices such as automobiles that require a highly accurate noise reduction effect.
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Abstract
Description
図1は実施の形態1における能動型騒音低減装置1001のブロック図である。能動型騒音低減装置1001は、制御周波数判定器1と、参照余弦波発生器2と、参照正弦波発生器3と、1タップ適応フィルタ5、6と、加算器9と、2次騒音発生器11aと、模擬信号発生器4と、フィルタ係数更新部7、8と、残留音検出器12とを備える。制御周波数判定器1は、エンジン・シャフトなど自動車の回転要素に関連する信号を受けて、検出した回転周波数に応じて消音対象となる制御空間S1での騒音N0の周波数fを出力する。例えばエンジン回転の場合、これに同期した電気信号であるエンジンパルスを受信し、エンジンの回転数を検出する。そして回転数に応じて生じる騒音N0の周波数fを出力する。制御周波数判定器1の出力する周波数fは、参照余弦波発生器2、参照正弦波発生器3および模擬信号発生器4に入力される。1タップ適応フィルタ5、6は適応ノッチフィルタ部51を構成する。フィルタ係数更新部7、8はフィルタ係数更新ユニット52を構成する。
図7は実施の形態2における能動型騒音低減装置1003のブロック図である。図7において、図1に示す実施の形態1における能動型騒音低減装置1001と同じ部分には同じ参照番号を付す。
2 参照余弦波発生器
3 参照正弦波発生器
4 模擬信号発生器
5 1タップ適応フィルタ(第1の1タップ適応フィルタ)
6 1タップ適応フィルタ(第2の1タップ適応フィルタ)
7 フィルタ係数更新部(第1のフィルタ係数更新部)
8 フィルタ係数更新部(第2のフィルタ係数更新部)
9 加算器
10 電力増幅器
11 スピーカ
11a 2次騒音発生器
12,15 残留音検出器
13 周波数特性測定器
14 ゲイン調整器
52 フィルタ係数更新ユニット
N0 騒音
N1 2次騒音
S1 制御空間
Claims (8)
- 騒音を低減する能動型騒音低減装置であって、
前記騒音の周波数を判定する制御周波数判定器と、
前記判定した周波数を有する参照余弦波信号を発生する参照余弦波発生器と、
前記騒音の周波数を有する参照正弦波信号を発生する参照正弦波発生器と、
前記参照余弦波信号が入力されて第1のフィルタ係数を有する第1の1タップ適応フィルタと、
前記参照正弦波信号が入力されて第2のフィルタ係数を有する第2の1タップ適応フィルタと、
前記第1の1タップ適応フィルタからの出力信号と前記第2の1タップ適応フィルタからの出力信号とを加算する加算器と、
前記加算器からの出力信号によって駆動されて2次騒音を発生する2次騒音発生器と、
前記2次騒音と前記騒音との干渉で発生する残留音を検出する残留音検出器と、
前記2次騒音発生器から前記残留音検出器までの間の伝達特性を模擬した特性で前記参照余弦波信号及び前記参照正弦波信号をそれぞれ補正して得られる模擬余弦波信号及び模擬正弦波信号を出力する模擬信号発生器と、
前記残留音検出器からの出力信号と前記模擬信号発生器からの出力信号と前記参照余弦波信号と前記参照正弦波信号と前記加算器からの出力信号とに基づき前記第1のフィルタ係数と前記第2のフィルタ係数とを更新するフィルタ係数更新ユニットと、
を備えた能動型騒音低減装置。 - 前記フィルタ係数更新ユニットは、
前記残留音検出器からの出力信号と前記模擬信号発生器からの前記出力信号とに基づき前記第1のフィルタ係数と前記第2のフィルタ係数とを更新する第1のフィルタ係数更新部と、
前記参照余弦波信号と前記参照正弦波信号と前記加算器からの前記出力信号とに基づき前記第1のフィルタ係数と前記第2のフィルタ係数とを更新する第2のフィルタ係数更新部と、
を有する、請求項1に記載の能動型騒音低減装置。 - 前記加算器からの前記出力信号に所定のゲイン係数を乗ずるゲイン調整部をさらに備えた、請求項2に記載の能動型騒音低減装置。
- 前記ゲイン調整部は、前記加算器と前記第2のフィルタ係数更新部との間に設けられている、請求項3に記載の能動型騒音低減装置。
- 前記第2のフィルタ係数部は前記ゲイン調整部の出力信号を用いて第2のフィルタ係数を更新する、請求項4に記載の能動型騒音低減装置。
- 前記所定のゲイン係数は、前記判定した周波数に応じて決定されている、請求項4に記載の能動型騒音低減装置。
- 前記所定のゲイン係数は、前記第1のフィルタ係数の二乗と前記第2のフィルタ係数の二乗との和に応じて決定されている、請求項3に記載の能動型騒音低減装置。
- 前記第1のフィルタ係数更新部は、前記参照余弦波信号と前記参照正弦波信号と前記加算器からの出力信号とを用いずに、前記残留音検出器からの出力信号と前記模擬信号発生器からの前記出力信号とに基づき前記第1のフィルタ係数と前記第2のフィルタ係数とを更新し、
前記第2のフィルタ係数更新部は、前記残留音検出器からの出力信号と前記模擬信号発生器からの出力信号とを用いずに、前記参照余弦波信号と前記参照正弦波信号と前記加算器からの前記出力信号とに基づき前記第1のフィルタ係数と前記第2のフィルタ係数とを更新する、請求項2に記載の能動型騒音低減装置。
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| CN201680002770.7A CN106796783B (zh) | 2015-07-09 | 2016-06-30 | 有源型噪声降低装置 |
| JP2017527073A JP6650570B2 (ja) | 2015-07-09 | 2016-06-30 | 能動型騒音低減装置 |
| US15/507,917 US10276146B2 (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2016-06-30 | Active noise control device |
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| CN106796783A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
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