WO2016098394A1 - 空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016098394A1 WO2016098394A1 PCT/JP2015/074648 JP2015074648W WO2016098394A1 WO 2016098394 A1 WO2016098394 A1 WO 2016098394A1 JP 2015074648 W JP2015074648 W JP 2015074648W WO 2016098394 A1 WO2016098394 A1 WO 2016098394A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tire
- convex portion
- circumferential direction
- recess
- tip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
- B60C11/1675—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile with special shape of the plug- tip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
- B60C11/1643—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile with special shape of the plug-body portion, i.e. not cylindrical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
- B60C11/1643—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile with special shape of the plug-body portion, i.e. not cylindrical
- B60C11/1668—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile with special shape of the plug-body portion, i.e. not cylindrical with an additional collar
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire in which stud pins are attached to a tread portion.
- a stud pin is attached to a tread portion of the tire so that a grip can be obtained on a road surface on ice.
- a stud pin is embedded in a stud pin mounting hole provided in a tread portion.
- the stud pin is tightly embedded in the stud pin mounting hole by inserting the stud pin into the stud pin mounting hole with the hole diameter expanded, and the tire pin is rolling This prevents the stud pin from falling out of the stud pin mounting hole due to braking / driving force or lateral force received from the road surface.
- the stud pin includes an embedded base and a tip that protrudes from one end surface of the embedded base.
- the embedded base is fitted into a stud pin mounting hole formed in the tread surface of the tire so that the tip portion protrudes from the tread surface.
- the stud pin has a high grip force by the edge of the tip contacting the icy road surface and exerting the edge effect. For this reason, attempts have been made to enhance the edge effect by increasing the edge in contact with the ice road surface at the tip.
- a stud pin having a tip portion having a concave polygon on the side surface and a concave portion on the side surface is also known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- an object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic tire having a stud pin that can maintain an edge effect by a tip portion.
- One aspect of the present invention is a pneumatic tire in which a stud pin is mounted in a stud pin mounting hole in a tread portion, and the stud pin is An embedded base that is embedded in the tread portion of the pneumatic tire and extends in the tire radial direction; A tip portion protruding from the tread surface of the tread portion when the embedded base portion is embedded in the tread portion; Have The length of the front end surface of the front end portion in the tire width direction is longer than the length of the front end surface in the tire circumferential direction, The contour shape of the tip surface is A first protrusion and a second protrusion protruding to one side of the tire circumferential direction; A first concave portion provided between the first convex portion and the second convex portion and recessed on the other side in the tire circumferential direction; A third protrusion and a fourth protrusion protruding to the other side in the tire circumferential direction; A second concave portion provided between the third convex portion and the fourth convex portion and recessed on
- the first recess and the second recess are preferably in the same position in the tire width direction.
- the tip surface preferably has 6 to 10 protrusions protruding outward.
- the ratio Lmin / Lmax of the distance Lmin between the first recess and the second recess to the maximum length Lmax in the tire circumferential direction of the tip surface is preferably 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less.
- the convex portion preferably has a corner portion of 30 ° or more and 150 ° or less.
- the buried base is a third recess recessed from the side surface on one side in the tire circumferential direction to the other side; It is preferable to have a fourth recess recessed from the side surface on the other side in the tire circumferential direction to one side.
- the embedded base is A body part to which the tip part is fixed; A bottom portion provided at an end opposite to the body portion; A shank portion connecting the body portion and the bottom portion;
- the bottom is a third recess recessed from the side surface on one side in the tire circumferential direction to the other side; It is preferable to have a fourth recess recessed from the side surface on the other side in the tire circumferential direction to one side.
- the buried base is A body part to which the tip part is fixed; A bottom portion provided at an end opposite to the body portion; A shank portion connecting the body portion and the bottom portion;
- the trunk portion is a fifth recess recessed from the side surface on one side in the tire circumferential direction to the other side; It is preferable to have a sixth recess recessed from the side surface on the other side in the tire circumferential direction to one side.
- drum may have the 5th recessed part and the 6th recessed part.
- the buried base is A body part to which the tip part is fixed; A bottom portion provided at an end opposite to the body portion; A shank portion connecting the body portion and the bottom portion;
- the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the extending direction of the embedded base at the bottom is preferably a substantially rectangular shape whose longitudinal direction is the tire circumferential direction.
- the buried base is A body part to which the tip part is fixed; A bottom portion provided at an end opposite to the body portion; A shank portion connecting the body portion and the bottom portion;
- the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the extending direction of the embedded base at the bottom is preferably a substantially rectangular shape whose longitudinal direction is the tire width direction.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the shape of the tip surface of Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 1 is a tire cross-sectional view showing a cross section of a pneumatic tire (hereinafter referred to as a tire) 10 of the present embodiment.
- the tire 10 is, for example, a passenger car tire.
- Passenger car tires are tires defined in Chapter A of JATMA YEAR BOOK 2012 (Japan Automobile Tire Association Standard).
- the present invention can also be applied to small truck tires defined in Chapter B and truck and bus tires defined in Chapter C.
- the numerical value of the dimension of each pattern element specifically explained below is a numerical example in the tire for passenger cars, and the pneumatic retirement according to the present invention is not limited to these numerical examples.
- the tire circumferential direction described below refers to the direction of rotation of the tread surface (both rotation directions) when the tire 10 is rotated about the tire rotation axis, and the tire radial direction refers to the tire rotation axis.
- the radial direction extending orthogonally refers to the tire radial direction outer side, which is the side away from the tire rotation axis in the tire radial direction.
- the tire width direction means a direction parallel to the tire rotation axis direction, and the tire width direction outside means both sides of the tire 10 away from the tire center line CL.
- the tire 10 has a pair of bead cores 11, a carcass ply layer 12, and a belt layer 14 as a skeleton material, and a tread rubber member 18, a side rubber member 20, and a bead filler rubber around these skeleton materials. It mainly includes a member 22, a rim cushion rubber member 24, and an inner liner rubber member 26.
- the pair of bead cores 11 has an annular shape, and is disposed at both ends in the tire width direction and at inner ends in the tire radial direction.
- the carcass ply layer 12 is composed of one or a plurality of carcass ply materials 12a and 12b in which organic fibers are covered with rubber.
- the carcass ply materials 12 a and 12 b are formed in a toroidal shape by being wound between a pair of bead cores 11.
- the belt layer 14 includes a plurality of belt members 14 a and 14 b and is wound around the outer side of the carcass ply layer 12 in the tire radial direction in the tire circumferential direction.
- the width in the tire width direction of the belt material 14a on the inner side in the tire radial direction is wider than the width of the belt material 14b on the outer side in the tire radial direction.
- the belt members 14a and 14b are members in which a steel cord is covered with rubber.
- the steel cord of the belt material 14a and the steel cord of the belt material 14b are arranged to be inclined at a predetermined angle, for example, 20 to 30 degrees with respect to the tire circumferential direction.
- the steel cord of the belt material 14a and the steel cord of the belt material 14b are inclined in directions opposite to each other with respect to the tire circumferential direction and cross each other.
- the belt layer 14 suppresses the expansion of the carcass ply layer 12 due to the filled air pressure.
- a tread rubber member 18 is provided on the outer side of the belt layer 14 in the tire radial direction. Side rubber members 20 are connected to both ends of the tread rubber member 18.
- the tread rubber member 18 includes a two-layer rubber member including an upper layer tread rubber member 18a provided on the outer side in the tire radial direction and a lower layer tread rubber member 18b provided on the inner side in the tire radial direction.
- the upper layer tread rubber member 18a is provided with circumferential grooves, lug grooves, and stud pin mounting holes 40.
- a rim cushion rubber member 24 is provided at the inner end in the tire radial direction of the side rubber member 20.
- the rim cushion rubber member 24 comes into contact with a rim on which the tire 10 is mounted.
- a bead filler rubber member 22 is provided outside the bead core 11 in the tire radial direction so as to be sandwiched between carcass ply layers 12 wound around the bead core 11.
- An inner liner rubber member 26 is provided on the inner surface of the tire 10 facing the tire cavity region filled with air surrounded by the tire 10 and the rim.
- the tire 10 includes a belt cover layer 28 that covers the outer surface of the belt layer 14 in the tire radial direction.
- the belt cover layer 28 is made of organic fibers and rubber that covers the organic fibers.
- the tire 10 has the tire structure shown in FIG. 1, the tire structure of the pneumatic tire of the present invention is not limited to this.
- FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the stud pin 50A according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the stud pin 50A mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40 provided in the tread rubber member 18 of the tread portion T.
- the stud pin 50A mainly has an embedded base portion 52A and a tip portion 60A.
- the embedded base 52A is embedded in the tost stud pin mounting hole 40 of the pneumatic tire to be mounted. When the embedded base 52A is pressed against the tread rubber member 18 from the side surface of the stud pin mounting hole 40, the stud pin 50A is fixed to the tread portion.
- the stud pin 50A has an embedded base portion 52A and a tip portion 60A, and the embedded base portion 52A and the tip portion 60A are formed in this order along the direction X.
- the direction X is an extending direction extending toward the distal end portion 60 of the embedded base 52A, and coincides with the normal direction of the tread portion with respect to the tread surface when the stud pin 50A is mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40. To do.
- the direction Y is one of the tire width directions, and the direction Z is one of the tire circumferential directions.
- the embedded base 52A has a bottom portion 54A, a shank portion 56A, and a trunk portion 58A. The bottom portion 54A, the shank portion 56A, and the trunk portion 58A are formed in this order along the direction X.
- the bottom 54A is located at the end opposite to the tip 60A.
- the bottom portion 54A has a flange shape and prevents the stud pin 50A from rotating in the stud pin mounting hole 40 due to the force received from the road surface.
- Concave portions 54a are provided on both sides in the tire circumferential direction and concave portions 54b are provided on both sides in the tire width direction on the outer peripheral side surface of the bottom portion 54A that contacts the side surface of the stud pin mounting hole 40.
- the cross section of the bottom portion 54B has a substantially quadrangular shape with rounded corners, and four concave portions 54a and 54b are formed by recessing four sides of the substantially quadrangular shape.
- the bottom portion 54A has a substantially rectangular shape, the rotational movement of the stud pin 50A around the direction X is suppressed. By rounding the corners, it is possible to prevent the side surface of the stud pin mounting hole 40 from being damaged by the sharp corners of the bottom portion 54A.
- the recesses 54a and 54b By forming the recesses 54a and 54b, the surface area per unit volume of the bottom 54A can be increased, the contact area of the tread portion with the tread rubber member 18 is increased, and the frictional force that restrains the movement of the stud pin 50A is increased. be able to. Further, since the tread rubber member 18 enters the recesses 54a and 54b, the rotational movement of the stud pin 50A around the direction X is suppressed. Further, since the recesses 54a and 54b are provided, the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 of the distal end portion 60A described later can be reliably directed in the tire circumferential direction.
- the shank part 56A is a part that connects the body part 58A and the bottom part 54A.
- the shank portion 56A has a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the shank portion 56A is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the bottom portion 54A and the body portion 58A. For this reason, the shank part 56A forms a recess with respect to the body part 58A and the bottom part 54A, and the bottom part 54A and the body part 58A form a flange shape.
- the body portion 58A has a cylindrical shape and is a flange-like portion that is located between the shank portion 56A and the tip portion 60A and connected to the tip portion 60A.
- the body portion 58 ⁇ / b> A is attached to the tire 10
- the body portion 58 ⁇ / b> A is embedded in the tread rubber member 18 with its upper end surface exposed to be substantially flush with the tread surface.
- the front end portion 60 ⁇ / b> A is a portion that protrudes from the tread surface while being attached to the tread portion, contacts the road surface, or scratches ice.
- the distal end portion 60A is a portion protruding in a concave polygonal column shape from the upper end surface of the embedded base portion 52A.
- the tip end (end on the direction X side) of the tip end portion 60A is a tip end surface 60a (end surface on the outer side in the tire radial direction) perpendicular to the extending direction of the embedded base portion 52A (direction X in FIG. 2). Is forming.
- the distal end portion 60A may be made of the same metal material as the embedded base portion 52A, or may be made of a different metal material.
- the embedded base 52A and the tip 60A may be made of aluminum.
- the embedded base 52A may be made of aluminum, and the tip 60A may be made of tungsten.
- the tip 60A is driven and fitted into a hole (not shown) formed in the upper end surface of the body 58A of the embedded base 52A.
- the distal end portion 60A can be fixed to the embedded base portion 52A.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the shape of the distal end surface 60a.
- the front end surface 60a has a polygonal shape, and the length in the tire width direction is longer than the length in the tire circumferential direction.
- the stud pin 50A is mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40 of the tire 10 so that the left-right direction in FIG. 4 is the tire width direction and the vertical direction in FIG. 4 is the tire circumferential direction.
- the distal end surface 60 a has at least a first convex portion 61, a second convex portion 62, a third convex portion 63, a fourth convex portion 64, a first concave portion 81, and a second concave portion 82.
- the 1st convex part 61 and the 2nd convex part 62 are provided so that it may protrude in the one side (upper side of FIG. 4) of a tire circumferential direction.
- the 1st convex part 61 is a corner
- the 2nd convex part 62 is a corner
- a first concave portion 81 is provided between the first convex portion 61 and the second convex portion 62. The first recess 81 is recessed on the other side in the tire circumferential direction (the lower side in FIG. 4). The first concave portion 81 is a corner portion formed by a pair of adjacent sides S1 and S2 of the front end surface 60a.
- one side S1 is inclined at an angle larger than 0 degrees and smaller than 90 degrees with respect to the tire width direction.
- the other side S2 is inclined in an opposite direction to the one side S1 at an angle larger than 0 degrees and smaller than 90 degrees with respect to the tire width direction.
- the 3rd convex part 63 and the 4th convex part 64 are provided so that it may protrude in the other side (lower side of FIG. 4) of a tire circumferential direction.
- the 3rd convex part 63 and the 4th convex part 64 are 2 sides adjacent on the other side of a tire peripheral direction among the sides of tip side 60a, and incline in the mutually opposite direction to a tire peripheral direction
- the pair of sides are formed so as to intersect with each other so that the inner angle is smaller than 180 degrees.
- the 3rd convex part 63 is a corner
- at least one side S3 is inclined with respect to the tire width direction, and the other side is inclined with respect to the tire width direction in a direction opposite to the side S3, or parallel to the tire width direction.
- the 4th convex part 64 is a corner formed by two sides which adjoin on one side of a tire peripheral direction among the sides of tip end surface 60a. Of these two sides, at least one side S4 is inclined with respect to the tire width direction, and the other side is inclined with respect to the tire width direction in a direction opposite to the side S4 or parallel to the tire width direction. It is.
- a second concave portion 82 is provided between the third convex portion 63 and the fourth convex portion 64.
- the second recess 82 is recessed on one side in the tire circumferential direction (upper side in FIG. 4).
- the second recess 82 is a corner formed by a pair of adjacent sides S3 and S4 of the tip surface 60a.
- one side S3 is inclined at an angle larger than 0 degrees and smaller than 90 degrees with respect to the tire width direction.
- the other side S4 is inclined at an angle larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees with respect to the tire width direction in the opposite direction to the one side S3.
- the side of the polygonal tip surface 60a is preferably a straight line segment.
- each side may be bent and rounded.
- the corner portion of the front end surface 60a is formed by joining the two adjacent sides at end points so as to form an angle other than 180 degrees.
- the corner may be rounded, for example, may be bent with a radius of curvature of 1/10 or less of the shortest side of the tip surface 60a.
- the front end surface 60a may further include one or a plurality of convex portions in addition to the first to fourth convex portions 61 to 64.
- the number of protrusions on the tip surface 60a is preferably 6 to 10, including the first to fourth protrusions 61 to 64. If the number of convex portions is less than 6, sufficient edge effects cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the number of convex portions is more than 10, the edge components are excessively dispersed, and the mechanical destruction effect on the ice road surface cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- the front end surface 60a further includes a fifth convex portion 65 and a sixth convex portion 66 at both ends in the tire width direction.
- the 5th convex part 65 is provided so that it may protrude in the one side (left side of FIG. 4) of a tire width direction.
- the sixth convex portion 66 is provided so as to protrude to the other side in the tire width direction (the right side in FIG. 4). What is the inner angle of the tip surface 60a in the first convex portion 61, the second convex portion 62, the third convex portion 63, the fourth convex portion 64, the fifth convex portion 65, and the sixth convex portion 66?
- Is also less than 180 °, preferably 30 ° or more and 150 ° or less, and more preferably 60 ° or more and 130 ° or less. If the inner angle is smaller than 30 °, the edge effect becomes too great, and the fine ice that is shaved tends to accumulate in the first recess 81 and the second recess 82, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the interior angle is larger than 150 °, a sufficient edge effect cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. Moreover, the internal angle of the front end surface 60b in the 1st recessed part 81 and the 2nd recessed part 82 is larger than 180 degrees.
- the inner angle of the front end surface 60b in the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 is preferably 300 ° or less, and more preferably 260 ° or less. If it is larger than 300 °, fine ice tends to accumulate in the first recess 81, which is not preferable.
- the inner angles of the front end surface 60 b in the first concave portion 81 and the second concave portion 82 are the first convex portion 61, the second convex portion 62, the third convex portion 63, This is about twice (1.8 to 2.2 times) the inner angle of the tip surface 60a of the fourth convex portion 64, the fifth convex portion 65, and the sixth convex portion 66.
- the internal angle of 60a is about 108 °.
- the inner angle of the front end surface 60b in the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 is about 216 °.
- the tip surface 60a has a shape that is line symmetric with respect to the line segment L1 that connects the vertex of the fifth convex portion 65 and the vertex of the sixth convex portion 66.
- the apex of the first convex portion 61 And the vertex of the third convex portion 63 are arranged at the same position in the tire width direction
- the vertex of the second convex portion 62 and the vertex of the fourth convex portion 64 are arranged at the same position in the tire width direction
- the apex of the first recess 81 and the apex of the second recess 82 are arranged at the same position in the tire width direction.
- a line segment L2 connecting the vertex of the first concave portion 81 and the vertex of the second concave portion 82, a line segment L3 connecting the vertex of the first convex portion 61 and the vertex of the third convex portion 63, the first A line segment L4 connecting the apex of the second convex part 62 and the apex of the fourth convex part 64 is orthogonal to the line segment L1.
- the front end surface 60a has a shape that is line symmetric with respect to the line segment L2, and the right half and the left half form a pentagonal shape with respect to the line segment L2. For this reason, when the stud pin 50A is mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40 so that the line segment L2 coincides with the tire width direction, the apex of the first convex portion 61 and the apex of the second convex portion 62 are the tire circumference.
- the vertex of the third convex portion 63 and the vertex of the fourth convex portion 64 are arranged at the same position in the tire circumferential direction, and the vertex of the fifth convex portion 65 and the sixth convex portion.
- the apex of the portion 66 is disposed at the same position in the tire circumferential direction.
- side S1 and side S2 are symmetric with respect to line segment L2
- side S3 and side S4 are symmetric with respect to line segment L2.
- the front end surface 60a has a shape that is point-symmetric with respect to the intersection point O between the line segment L1 and the line segment L2. For this reason, the distance between the line segment L2 and the line segment L3 is equal to the distance between the line segment L2 and the line segment L4.
- the minute L6 passes through the intersection point O.
- the tip surface 60a has a symmetrical shape, so that the edge effect can be sufficiently exerted in any direction, and snow braking performance and snow turning performance can be enhanced.
- the tip surface 60a contacts the road surface only by the first convex portion 61 and the second convex portion 62.
- the tip surface 60a comes into contact with the road surface only by the third convex portion 63 and the fourth convex portion 64.
- the first concave portion 81 is separated from the road surface.
- the fine ice accumulated in the first concave portion 81 during braking starts from the triangular area formed by the first convex portion 61, the second convex portion 62, and the apex of the first concave portion 81, and the tip surface 60a. It is discharged to the other side in the tire circumferential direction (the lower side in FIG. 4) through the gap between the road surface.
- the second concave portion 82 is separated from the road surface.
- the fine ice accumulated in the first concave portion 81 during braking is the apex of the third convex portion 63, the fourth convex portion 64, and the second concave portion 82 from the gap between the tip surface 60a and the road surface. Is discharged to the other side in the tire circumferential direction (the lower side in FIG. 4) through the triangular region formed by the above.
- the first concave portion 81 is preferably located between the third convex portion 63 and the fourth convex portion 64 in the tire width direction, and the second concave portion 82 has a tire width. It is preferable to be located between the first convex portion 61 and the second convex portion 62 in the direction.
- the distance between the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 is the shortest.
- the accumulated fine ice can be discharged to the second recess 82 more easily.
- Lmax is the length of the line segment L3 and the line segment L4.
- Lmin is the length of the line segment L2.
- the ratio Lmin / Lmax to Lmax of Lmin is preferably 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less.
- the tip 60A has the tip surface 60a having the six convex portions 61 to 66, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the tip surface has 6 to 10 convex portions. You may do it.
- modifications of the present embodiment will be described.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the distal end surface 60b according to the first modification of the present invention.
- the front end surface 60b has eight convex portions 61 to 64 and 67 to 70 and two concave portions 81 and 82.
- the front end surface 60b has a shape in which the length in the tire width direction is longer than the length in the tire circumferential direction.
- the stud pin is mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40 of the tire 10 such that the left-right direction in FIG. 5 is the tire width direction and the vertical direction in FIG. 5 is the tire circumferential direction.
- the 1st convex part 61 and the 2nd convex part 62 are provided so that it may protrude in the one side (upper side of FIG. 5) of a tire circumferential direction.
- a first concave portion 81 is provided between the first convex portion 61 and the second convex portion 62.
- the first recess 81 is recessed on the other side in the tire circumferential direction (the lower side in FIG. 5).
- the 3rd convex part 63 and the 4th convex part 64 are provided so that it may protrude in the other side (lower side of FIG. 5) of a tire circumferential direction.
- a second concave portion 82 is provided between the third convex portion 63 and the fourth convex portion 64.
- the second recess 82 is recessed on one side in the tire circumferential direction (upper side in FIG. 5).
- the front end surface 60b has a seventh convex portion 67, an eighth convex portion 68, a ninth convex portion 69, and a tenth convex portion 70 at both ends in the tire width direction.
- the fifth convex portion 65 and the sixth convex portion 66 are not provided.
- the seventh convex portion 67 is provided so as to protrude to one side in the tire circumferential direction and one side in the tire width direction (upper left side in FIG. 5).
- the eighth convex portion 68 is provided so as to protrude to one side in the tire circumferential direction and the other side in the tire width direction (upper right side in FIG. 5).
- the ninth convex portion 69 is provided so as to protrude to the other side in the tire circumferential direction and one side in the tire width direction (lower left side in FIG. 5).
- the tenth convex portion 70 is provided so as to protrude to the other side in the tire circumferential direction and the other side in the tire width direction (lower right side in FIG. 5).
- the outer periphery of the tip surface 60b has a shape protruding toward the eight sides by the first to fourth convex portions 61 to 64 and the seventh to tenth convex portions 67 to 70.
- the edge effect can be sufficiently exerted in the direction, and the braking performance on snow and the turning performance on snow can be enhanced.
- the inner angle of the tip surface 60b of the ninth convex portion 69 and the tenth convex portion 70 is less than 180 °, preferably 30 ° or more and 150 ° or less, and more preferably 60 ° or more and 130 ° or less.
- the inner angle of the tip surface 60b in the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 is greater than 180 °, preferably 300 ° or less, and more preferably 260 ° or less. In the form shown in FIG.
- the inner angles of the front end surface 60 b in the first concave portion 81 and the second concave portion 82 are the first convex portion 61, the second convex portion 62, the third convex portion 63, and the fourth convex portion.
- the convex portion 64, the seventh convex portion 67, the eighth convex portion 68, the ninth convex portion 69, and the tenth convex portion 70 are approximately twice the inner angle of the tip surface 60b (1.8 to 2.2). Times).
- the inner angle of the tip surface 60b of the convex portion 69 and the tenth convex portion 70 is about 120 °.
- the internal angle of the front end surface 60b in the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 is approximately 240 °.
- the front end surface 60b has a shape that is line symmetric with respect to the line segment L2 that connects the apex of the first recess 81 and the apex of the second recess 82, and The right half and the left half are hexagonal. For this reason, when the stud pin 50A is mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40 so that the line segment L2 coincides with the tire width direction, the apex of the first convex portion 61 and the apex of the second convex portion 62 are the tire circumference.
- the vertex of the third convex portion 63 and the vertex of the fourth convex portion 64 are arranged at the same position in the tire circumferential direction, and the vertex of the fifth convex portion 65 and the sixth convex portion.
- the apex of the portion 66 is arranged at the same position in the tire circumferential direction
- the apex of the seventh convex portion 67 and the apex of the eighth convex portion 68 are arranged at the same position in the tire circumferential direction
- the ninth convex portion The apex of 69 and the apex of the tenth convex portion 70 are arranged at the same position in the tire circumferential direction.
- the front end surface 60b has a shape that is line symmetric with respect to the line segment L1 that passes through the midpoint M of the line segment L2 and is perpendicular to the line segment L2. For this reason, when the stud pin 50A is mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40 so that the line segment L1 coincides with the tire width direction, the vertex of the first convex portion 61 and the vertex of the third convex portion 63 are the tire width.
- the vertex of the second convex part 62 and the vertex of the fourth convex part 64 are arranged at the same position in the tire width direction, and the vertex of the seventh convex part 67 and the ninth convex part
- the apex of the part 69 is arranged at the same position in the tire width direction
- the apex of the eighth convex part 68 and the apex of the tenth convex part 70 are arranged at the same position in the tire width direction
- the first concave part 81 And the apex of the second recess 82 are arranged at the same position in the tire width direction.
- the tip surface 60 b has a shape that is point-symmetric with respect to the midpoint M. For this reason, as in the first embodiment, the edge effect can be sufficiently exhibited in any direction.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a distal end surface 60c according to a second modification of the present invention.
- the front end surface 60c has ten convex portions 61 to 70 and two concave portions 81 and 82.
- the front end surface 60c has a shape in which the length in the tire width direction is longer than the length in the tire circumferential direction.
- the stud pin is mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40 of the tire 10 so that the left-right direction in FIG. 6 is the tire width direction and the vertical direction in FIG. 6 is the tire circumferential direction.
- the 1st convex part 61 and the 2nd convex part 62 are provided so that it may protrude in the one side (upper side of FIG. 6) of a tire circumferential direction.
- a first concave portion 81 is provided between the first convex portion 61 and the second convex portion 62.
- the first recess 81 is recessed on the other side in the tire circumferential direction (the lower side in FIG. 6).
- the 3rd convex part 63 and the 4th convex part 64 are provided so that it may protrude in the other side (lower side of FIG. 6) of a tire circumferential direction.
- a second concave portion 82 is provided between the third convex portion 63 and the fourth convex portion 64.
- the second recess 82 is recessed on one side in the tire circumferential direction (upper side in FIG. 6).
- the front end surface 60c has a fifth convex portion 65, a sixth convex portion 66, a seventh convex portion 67, an eighth convex portion 68, and a ninth convex portion at both ends in the tire width direction. It has a convex part 69 and a tenth convex part 70.
- the 5th convex part 65 is provided so that it may protrude in the one side (left side of FIG. 6) of a tire width direction.
- the sixth convex portion 66 is provided so as to protrude to the other side in the tire width direction (the right side in FIG. 6).
- the seventh convex portion 67 is provided so as to protrude to one side in the tire circumferential direction and one side in the tire width direction (upper left side in FIG. 6).
- the eighth convex portion 68 is provided so as to protrude to one side in the tire circumferential direction and the other side in the tire width direction (upper right side in FIG. 6).
- the ninth convex portion 69 is provided so as to protrude to the other side in the tire circumferential direction and one side in the tire width direction (lower left side in FIG. 6).
- the tenth convex portion 70 is provided so as to protrude to the other side in the tire circumferential direction and the other side in the tire width direction (lower right side in FIG. 6).
- the outer periphery of the tip surface 60c has a shape projecting in all directions by the first to tenth convex portions 61 to 70, so that the edge effect can be sufficiently exerted in any direction.
- the braking performance on snow and the turning performance on snow can be improved.
- the inner angle of the tip surface 60c of the seventh convex portion 67, the eighth convex portion 68, the ninth convex portion 69, and the tenth convex portion 70 is less than 180 °, and may be 30 ° or more and 150 ° or less. Preferably, it is 60 ° or more and 130 ° or less.
- the inner angle of the tip surface 60c in the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 is greater than 180 °, preferably 300 ° or less, and more preferably 260 ° or less.
- the inner angles of the front end surface 60 c in the first concave portion 81 and the second concave portion 82 are the first convex portion 61, the second convex portion 62, the third convex portion 63, and the fourth convex portion.
- the inner angle of the tip surface 60c of the convex portion 67, the eighth convex portion 68, the ninth convex portion 69, and the tenth convex portion 70 is about 129 °.
- the inner angle of the front end surface 60c in the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 is about 257 °.
- the front end surface 60c has a shape that is line symmetric with respect to the line segment L1 that connects the vertex of the fifth convex portion 65 and the vertex of the sixth convex portion 66. For this reason, when the stud pin 50A is mounted in the stud pin mounting hole 40 so that the line segment L1 coincides with the tire width direction, the vertex of the first convex portion 61 and the vertex of the third convex portion 63 are the tire width.
- the apex of the second convex part 62 and the apex of the fourth convex part 64 are arranged at the same position in the tire width direction, and the apex of the first concave part 81 and the second concave part 82 are arranged at the same position in the direction. Are arranged at the same position in the tire width direction.
- a line segment L2 connecting the vertex of the first concave portion 81 and the vertex of the second concave portion 82, a line segment L3 connecting the vertex of the first convex portion 61 and the vertex of the third convex portion 63, the first A line segment L4 connecting the apex of the second convex part 62 and the apex of the fourth convex part 64 is orthogonal to the line segment L1.
- the tip surface 60c has a shape that is line symmetric with respect to the line segment L2, and the right half and the left half form a heptagon shape with respect to the line segment L2. .
- the apex of the first convex portion 61 and the apex of the second convex portion 62 are the tire circumference.
- the vertex of the third convex portion 63 and the vertex of the fourth convex portion 64 are arranged at the same position in the tire circumferential direction, and the vertex of the seventh convex portion 67 and the eighth convex portion.
- the vertex of the portion 68 is arranged at the same position in the tire circumferential direction, and the vertex of the ninth convex portion 69 and the vertex of the tenth convex portion 70 are arranged at the same position in the tire circumferential direction.
- the front end surface 60c has a shape that is point-symmetric with respect to the intersection O between the line segment L1 and the line segment L2. For this reason, as in the first embodiment, the edge effect can be sufficiently exhibited in any direction. Even in the second modified example, even if the fine ice shaved in the first concave portion 81 between the first convex portion 61 and the second convex portion 62 protruding to one side in the tire circumferential direction accumulates, The fine ice accumulated in the second concave portion 82 between the third convex portion 63 and the fourth convex portion 64 protruding to the other side in the tire circumferential direction can be discharged.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a tip surface 60d according to a third modification of the present invention.
- the front end surface 60 d includes two concave portions 81 and 82, a first convex portion 61, a second convex portion 62, a third convex portion 63, and a fourth convex portion 64. It has the convex part.
- the front end surface 60d has a shape that is line-symmetric with respect to the line segment L2 connecting the apex of the first recess 81 and the apex of the second recess 82, and the right half and the left half of the line segment L2 are It has an octagonal shape.
- the inner angle of the tip surface 60d at each of the 12 convex portions is about 135 °.
- the inner angle of the tip surface 60d in the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 is about 270 °.
- the front end surface 60d has a shape that is line symmetric with respect to the line segment L1 that passes through the midpoint M of the line segment L2 and is perpendicular to the line segment L2.
- the tip surface 60d has a shape that is point-symmetric with respect to the midpoint M. For this reason, as in the first embodiment, the edge effect can be sufficiently exhibited in any direction.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a stud pin 50B according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the distal end surface 60b of the distal end portion 60B has the same shape as shown in FIG.
- the embedded base 52B of the second embodiment is different in shape from the embedded base 52A of the first embodiment.
- the embedded base portion 52B of the stud pin 50B shown in FIG. 8 has a bottom portion 54B, a shank portion 56B, and a body portion 58B.
- the bottom portion 54B, the shank portion 56B, and the body portion 58B are arranged along the direction X. It is formed in order.
- concave portions 54a are provided on both sides in the tire circumferential direction
- concave portions 54b are provided on both sides in the tire width direction.
- the cross section of the bottom portion 54B has a substantially quadrangular shape with rounded corners, and four concave portions 54a and 54b are formed by recessing four sides of the substantially quadrangular shape.
- the four sides of the substantially square shape of the bottom portion 54B are arranged such that one pair of sides faces the tire width direction and the other pair of sides faces the tire circumferential direction.
- the side in the tire width direction where the recess 54a is provided is longer than the side in the tire circumferential direction where the recess 54b is provided. That is, the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the direction X of the bottom 54B is a substantially rectangular shape whose longitudinal direction is the tire width direction. Since the bottom portion 54B has a substantially rectangular shape, the rotational movement of the stud pin 50B around the direction X is suppressed. By rounding the corners, it is possible to prevent the side surface of the stud pin mounting hole 40 from being damaged by the sharp corners of the bottom portion 54B.
- the surface area per unit volume of the bottom 54B can be increased, the contact area of the tread portion with the tread rubber member 18 is increased, and the frictional force that restrains the movement of the stud pin 50B is increased. be able to. Further, the tread rubber member 18 enters the recesses 54a and 54b, so that the rotational movement of the stud pin 50B around the direction X is suppressed. Further, since the recesses 54a and 54b are provided, the first recess 71 and the second recess 82 of the distal end portion 60B can be reliably directed in the tire circumferential direction.
- the shank part 56B is a part that connects the body part 58B and the bottom part 54B.
- the shank part 56B has a cylindrical shape, and the diameter of the shank part 56B is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the bottom part 54B and the body part 58B. For this reason, the shank part 56B forms a recessed part with respect to the trunk
- the body part 58B is a flange-like part that is located between the shank part 56B and the tip part 60B and connected to the tip part 60B.
- Concave portions 58a are formed on both sides in the tire circumferential direction and concave portions 58b are formed on both sides in the tire width direction on the outer peripheral side surface pressed from the side surface of the stud pin mounting hole of the body portion 58B. Since this outer peripheral side surface is pressed in contact with the tread rubber member 18 of the tread portion, the movement of the stud pin 50B is restrained by a frictional force.
- the cross section perpendicular to the direction X of the body portion 58B has a substantially square shape with rounded corners, and four concave portions 58a and 58b are formed with four sides being recessed. Since the body portion 58B has a substantially rectangular shape, the rotational movement of the stud pin 50B around the direction X is suppressed. By rounding the corners, it is possible to prevent the side surface of the stud pin mounting hole from being damaged by the sharp corners of the body portion 58B of the stud pin 50B.
- the surface area per unit volume of the body portion 58B can be increased, the contact area of the tread portion with the tread rubber member 18 can be increased, and the frictional force that restrains the movement of the stud pin 50B can be generated. Can be increased. Further, the tread rubber member 18 enters the recesses 58a and 58b, so that the rotational movement of the stud pin 50B around the direction X is suppressed. Furthermore, by providing the recesses 58a and 58b, the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 of the tip 60B can be reliably directed in the tire circumferential direction. When the body portion 58B is attached to the tire 10, the body portion 58B is embedded in the tread rubber member 18 with its upper end surface exposed substantially flush with the tread surface.
- the same effect as the stud pin 50A according to the first embodiment can be obtained, and the rotational movement around the direction X of the embedded base 52B can be suppressed. it can. Therefore, the first concave portion 81 and the second concave portion 82 of the distal end portion 60B can be reliably directed in the tire circumferential direction.
- tip part 60B was made into the shape similar to the front end surface 60b shown in FIG. 5, this invention is not limited to this.
- a tip portion having a tip surface similar in shape to the tip surface 60a shown in FIG. 4 or the tip surface 60c shown in FIG. 6 may be used.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a stud pin 50C according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the tip surface 60a of the tip portion 60C has the same shape as shown in FIG.
- the embedded base 52C of the third embodiment is different in shape from the embedded base 52A of the first embodiment and the embedded base 52B of the second embodiment.
- the embedded base portion 52C of the stud pin 50C shown in FIG. 9 has a bottom portion 54C, a shank portion 56C, and a trunk portion 58C.
- the bottom portion 54C, the shank portion 56C, and the trunk portion 58C are arranged along the direction X. It is formed in order.
- Concave portions 54a are provided on both sides in the tire circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side surface that contacts the side surface of the stud pin mounting hole 40 in the bottom portion 54C.
- the bottom portion 54C has a substantially disc shape, and two concave portions 54a are formed on both sides in the tire circumferential direction. Since there are two recesses 54a in the bottom 54C, the rotational movement of the stud pin 50C around the direction X is suppressed. Further, since the concave portion 54a is formed, the surface area per unit volume of the bottom portion 54C can be increased, the contact area of the tread portion with the tread rubber member 18 is increased, and the frictional force that restrains the movement of the stud pin 50C is increased. be able to.
- the tread rubber member 18 enters the recess 54a, the rotational movement of the stud pin 50C around the direction X is suppressed. Further, by providing the recess 54a, the first recess 81 and the second recess 82 of the tip 60C can be reliably directed in the tire circumferential direction.
- the shank part 56C is a part that connects the body part 58C and the bottom part 54C.
- the shank portion 56C has a cylindrical shape, and the diameter of the shank portion 56C is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the bottom portion 54C and the body portion 58C. For this reason, the shank part 56C forms a recess with respect to the body part 58C and the bottom part 54C, and the bottom part 54C and the body part 58C form a flange shape. No concave portion is formed on the outer peripheral side surface of the shank portion 56C.
- the body part 58C is located between the shank part 56C and the tip part 60C, and has a shape that gradually widens from the shank part 56C to the tip part 60C.
- Concave portions 58a are formed on both sides in the tire circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side surface pressed from the side surface of the stud pin mounting hole of the body portion 58C. Since this outer peripheral side surface is pressed in contact with the tread rubber member 18 of the tread portion, the movement of the stud pin 50C is restrained by the frictional force.
- the cross section perpendicular to the direction X of the body portion 58C is a shape in which two cutouts are provided in a circular shape, and these two locations are the positions of the concave portions 58a on both sides in the tire circumferential direction.
- the surface area per unit volume of the body portion 58C can be increased, the contact area of the tread portion with the tread rubber member 18 is increased, and the frictional force that restrains the movement of the stud pin 50C is increased. Can do. Further, the tread rubber member 18 enters the recess 58a, so that the rotational movement of the stud pin 50C around the direction X is suppressed. Furthermore, by providing the recessed portion 58a, the first recessed portion 81 and the second recessed portion 82 of the distal end portion 60C can be reliably directed in the tire circumferential direction. When the body portion 58 ⁇ / b> C is attached to the tire 10, the body portion 58 ⁇ / b> C is embedded in the tread rubber member 18 with its upper end surface exposed to be substantially flush with the tread surface.
- the same effect as that of the stud pin 50A according to the first embodiment can be obtained, and, similarly to the stud pin 50B according to the second embodiment, the embedded base 52C. Rotational motion around the direction X can be suppressed. Therefore, the first concave portion 81 and the second concave portion 82 of the distal end portion 60C can be reliably directed in the tire circumferential direction.
- tip parts was made into the shape similar to the front end surface 60a shown in FIG. 4, this invention is not limited to this.
- a tip portion having a tip surface similar in shape to the tip surface 60b shown in FIG. 5 or the tip surface 60c shown in FIG. 6 may be used.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a stud pin 50D according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the shape of the bottom 54D is different from the bottom 54B of the stud pin 50B shown in FIG.
- the side in the tire width direction where the recess 54a is provided is shorter than the side in the tire circumferential direction where the recess 54b is provided.
- the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the direction X of the bottom 54D is a substantially rectangular shape whose longitudinal direction is the tire circumferential direction.
- the tip surface 60b as shown in FIG. 5 is provided, so the first convex portion 61 and the second convex portion projecting to one side in the tire circumferential direction. Even if the fine ice shaved in the first concave portion 81 between the convex portions 62 is accumulated, the first convex portion 63 between the third convex portion 63 and the fourth convex portion 64 projecting to the other side in the tire circumferential direction. The fine ice accumulated in the second recess 82 can be discharged. Further, the rotational movement around the direction X of the embedded base 52D can be suppressed.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a stud pin 50E according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the stud pin 50E of the fifth embodiment has an embedded base 52E having the same shape as the embedded base 52B shown in FIG. 8 and a tip 60E having the same shape as the tip 60C shown in FIG.
- the front end surface 60a as shown in FIG. 4 is provided as in the front end portion 60C of the fifth embodiment, the first convex portion 61 and the second convex portion protruding to one side in the tire circumferential direction are provided.
- Example 2 In order to confirm the effect by the stud pin of this embodiment, the stud pin similar to the stud pin 60A shown in FIG. 2 was attached to the tire similar to the tire 10 shown in FIG.
- the tire size of the tire was 205 / 55R16.
- a tip portion having a circular tip surface is used.
- a tip portion having a square tip surface was used. Of the four corners of the square, the tire was mounted on the tire with one pair of opposite corners facing in the tire circumferential direction and the other pair of corners facing in the tire width direction.
- Comparative Example 2 a tip portion having a tip surface having the same shape as that shown in FIG. 12 was used.
- the tip surface shown in FIG. 12 has the same shape as that shown in FIG.
- Example 1 a tip portion having a tip surface having the same shape as the tip surface 60a shown in FIG. 4 was used.
- a tip portion having a tip surface having the same shape as the tip surface 60b shown in FIG. 5 was used.
- Example 3 a tip portion having a tip surface having the same shape as the tip surface 60c shown in FIG. 6 was used.
- a tip portion having a tip surface having the same shape as the tip surface 60d shown in FIG. 7 was used.
- the tip surface has the same shape as the tip surface 60b shown in FIG. 5, the inner angles of the tip surfaces of the first to fourth convex portions 61 to 64 are the same, and Lmin Tip portions having different values of / Lmax were used.
- the tip surface has the same shape as the tip surface 60b shown in FIG. 5, the Lmin / Lmax values are the same, and the tip surfaces of the first to fourth convex portions 61 to 64 are the same.
- a tip portion having a different inner angle was used.
- “the number of convex portions existing on one side in the circumferential direction” is the number of convex portions existing on one side with respect to a straight line in the tire width direction passing through the center of the tip portion. The number of convex portions on one side with respect to the line segment L1 in FIGS.
- the tires of the above examples and conventional examples were mounted on a passenger car, and the braking performance on ice was evaluated.
- Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 From the comparison of the conventional example in Table 1, Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, it can be seen that the braking performance on ice is improved by providing concave portions on both side portions in the tire circumferential direction of the tip portion. Further, when comparing Comparative Example 2 and Example 8, a recess formed by two sides inclined in directions opposite to each other with respect to the tire width direction as compared with Comparative Example 2 having a side parallel to the tire width direction in the recess. It can be seen that Example 8 having higher braking performance on ice. Comparison of Examples 1 to 4 shows that the braking performance on ice is further improved by setting the number of convex portions to 6 to 8.
- the braking performance on ice can be further improved by setting Lmin / Lmax to 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less.
- the braking performance on ice can be improved by setting the size of the inner angle of the tip surface of the first to fourth convex portions to 30 ° or more and 150 ° or less. It can be seen that the braking performance on ice can be further improved by setting the angle to not less than 130 ° and not more than 130 °.
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Abstract
Description
一般に、スタッドピンは、トレッド部に設けられたスタッドピン取付用孔に埋め込まれる。スタッドピン取付用孔にスタッドピンを埋め込むとき、孔径を拡張した状態のスタッドピン取付用孔にスタッドピンを挿入することで、スタッドピンがスタッドピン取付用孔にきつく埋め込まれ、タイヤ転動中に路面から受ける制駆動力や横力によるスタッドピンのスタッドピン取付用孔からの抜け落ちを防いでいる。
空気入りタイヤのトレッド部内に埋設されタイヤ径方向に延在する埋設基部と、
前記埋設基部がトレッド部に埋設されたときに前記トレッド部の踏面から突出する先端部と、
を有し、
前記先端部の先端面のタイヤ幅方向の長さは、前記先端面のタイヤ周方向の長さよりも長く、
前記先端面の輪郭形状は、
タイヤ周方向の一方の側に突出する第1の凸部および第2の凸部と、
前記第1の凸部と前記第2の凸部との間に設けられ、タイヤ周方向の他方の側に窪む第1の凹部と、
タイヤ周方向の他方の側に突出する第3の凸部および第4の凸部と、
前記第3の凸部と前記第4の凸部との間に設けられ、タイヤ周方向の一方の側に窪む第2の凹部と、
を有し、
前記第1の凹部および前記第2の凹部は、前記先端面の隣接する1対の辺により形成され、
前記1対の辺のうち一方の辺は、タイヤ幅方向に対して0度よりも大きく90度よりも小さい角度で傾斜し、他方の辺は前記一方の辺とは反対方向に、タイヤ幅方向に対して0度よりも大きく90度よりも小さい角度で傾斜していることを特徴とする。
前記先端面は、外側に突出する凸部を6~10個有することが好ましい。
タイヤ周方向の他方の側の側面から一方の側へ窪む第4の凹部と、を有することが好ましい。
前記先端部が固定される胴体部と、
前記胴体部とは反対側の端部に設けられる底部と、
前記胴体部と前記底部とを接続するシャンク部とを有し、
前記底部は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側の側面から他方の側へ窪む第3の凹部と、
タイヤ周方向の他方の側の側面から一方の側へ窪む第4の凹部と、を有することが好ましい。
前記埋設基部は、
前記先端部が固定される胴体部と、
前記胴体部とは反対側の端部に設けられる底部と、
前記胴体部と前記底部とを接続するシャンク部とを有し、
前記胴体部は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側の側面から他方の側へ窪む第5の凹部と、
タイヤ周方向の他方の側の側面から一方の側へ窪む第6の凹部と、を有することが好ましい。
また、底部が第3の凹部および第4の凹部を有するとともに、胴体部が第5の凹部および第6の凹部を有していてもよい。
前記先端部が固定される胴体部と、
前記胴体部とは反対側の端部に設けられる底部と、
前記胴体部と前記底部とを接続するシャンク部とを有し、
前記底部の、前記埋設基部の延在方向と垂直な断面形状は、長手方向がタイヤ周方向となる略長方形形状であることが好ましい。
前記先端部が固定される胴体部と、
前記胴体部とは反対側の端部に設けられる底部と、
前記胴体部と前記底部とを接続するシャンク部とを有し、
前記底部の、前記埋設基部の延在方向と垂直な断面形状は、長手方向がタイヤ幅方向となる略長方形形状であることが好ましい。
〔第1実施形態〕
(タイヤの全体説明)
以下、本実施形態の空気入りタイヤについて説明する。図1は、本実施形態の空気入りタイヤ(以降、タイヤという)10の断面を示すタイヤ断面図である。
タイヤ10は、例えば、乗用車用タイヤである。乗用車用タイヤは、JATMA YEAR BOOK 2012(日本自動車タイヤ協会規格)のA章に定められるタイヤをいう。この他、B章に定められる小型トラック用タイヤおよびC章に定められるトラック及びバス用タイヤに適用することもできる。
以降で具体的に説明する各パターン要素の寸法の数値は、乗用車用タイヤにおける数値例であり、本発明である空気入リタイヤはこれらの数値例に限定されない。
タイヤ10は、骨格材として、一対のビードコア11と、カーカスプライ層12と、ベルト層14とを有し、これらの骨格材の周りに、トレッドゴム部材18と、サイドゴム部材20と、ビードフィラーゴム部材22と、リムクッションゴム部材24と、インナーライナゴム部材26と、を主に有する。
カーカスプライ層12は、有機繊維をゴムで被覆した1又は複数のカーカスプライ材12a、12bからなる。カーカスプライ材12a、12bは、一対のビードコア11の間に巻き回すことによりトロイダル形状に形成されている。
ベルト層14は複数のベルト材14a、14bからなり、カーカスプライ層12のタイヤ径方向外側にタイヤ周方向に巻き回されている。タイヤ径方向内側のベルト材14aのタイヤ幅方向の幅は、タイヤ径方向外側のベルト材14bの幅に比べて広い。
ベルト材14a、14bは、スチールコードにゴムを被覆した部材である。ベルト材14aのスチールコード、および、ベルト材14bのスチールコードは、タイヤ周方向に対して所定の角度、例えば20~30度傾斜して配置されている。ベルト材14aのスチールコードと、ベルト材14bのスチールコードとは、タイヤ周方向に対して互いに逆方向に傾斜し、互いに交錯する。ベルト層14は充填された空気圧によるカーカスプライ層12の膨張を抑制する。
この他に、タイヤ10は、ベルト層14のタイヤ径方向外側面を覆うベルトカバー層28を備える。ベルトカバー層28は、有機繊維と、この有機繊維を被覆するゴムとからなる。
図2は、本発明の第1の実施形態のスタッドピン50Aの外観斜視図である。図3は、トレッド部Tのトレッドゴム部材18に設けられたスタッドピン取付用孔40に装着されたスタッドピン50Aの側面図である。
スタッドピン50Aは、埋設基部52Aと、先端部60Aと、を主に有する。埋設基部52Aは、装着される空気入りタイヤのトスタッドピン取付用孔40内に埋設される。埋設基部52Aがスタッドピン取付用孔40の側面からトレッドゴム部材18に押圧されることによりスタッドピン50Aがトレッド部に固定される。スタッドピン50Aは、埋設基部52Aと、先端部60Aとを有し、埋設基部52A及び先端部60Aが、方向Xに沿ってこの順に形成されている。なお、方向Xは、埋設基部52Aの先端部60に向けて延びる延在方向であり、スタッドピン50Aをスタッドピン取付用孔40に装着したときに、トレッド部のトレッド面に対する法線方向と一致する。また、方向Yはタイヤ幅方向の一方であり、方向Zはタイヤ周方向の一方である。
埋設基部52Aは、底部54Aと、シャンク部56Aと、胴体部58Aと、を有し、底部54A、シャンク部56A、および胴体部58Aが、方向Xに沿ってこの順に形成されている。
底部54Aのスタッドピン取付用孔40の側面と接触する外周側面には、タイヤ周方向の両側に凹部54aが、タイヤ幅方向の両側に凹部54bが設けられている。具体的には、底部54Bの断面は、角が丸くなった略四角形形状であり、この略四角形形状の4辺が凹んで4つの凹部54a、54bがつくられている。底部54Aが略四角形形状であることで、方向Xを中心とするスタッドピン50Aの回転運動が抑制される。なお、角を丸くすることで、スタッドピン取付用孔40の側面が底部54Aの尖った角により傷つくことを防ぐことができる。凹部54a、54bがつくられることで、底部54Aの単位体積当たりの表面積を増やすことができ、トレッド部のトレッドゴム部材18との接触面積を増やし、スタッドピン50Aの動きを拘束する摩擦力を増やすことができる。また、凹部54a、54bにトレッドゴム部材18が入りこむことで、方向Xを中心とするスタッドピン50Aの回転運動が抑制される。また、凹部54a、54bが設けられていることで、後述する先端部60Aの第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82を確実にタイヤ周方向に向けることができる。
先端面60aは、少なくとも、第1の凸部61、第2の凸部62、第3の凸部63、第4の凸部64、第1の凹部81、第2の凹部82を有する。
第1の凸部61および第2の凸部62は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側(図4の上側)に突出するように設けられている。
第1の凸部61は、先端面60aの辺のうち、タイヤ周方向の一方の側で隣接する2辺が180度よりも小さい内角をなすように形成された角部である。この2辺のうち、少なくとも一方の辺S1はタイヤ幅方向に対して傾斜しており、他方の辺はタイヤ幅方向に対して辺S1と反対方向に傾斜しているか、又はタイヤ幅方向と平行である。
第2の凸部62は、先端面60aの辺のうち、タイヤ周方向の一方の側で隣接する2辺によって形成された角部である。この2辺のうち、少なくとも一方の辺S2はタイヤ幅方向に対して傾斜しており、他方の辺はタイヤ幅方向に対して辺S2と反対方向に傾斜しているか、又はタイヤ幅方向と平行である。
第1の凸部61と第2の凸部62との間には、第1の凹部81が設けられている。第1の凹部81はタイヤ周方向の他方の側(図4の下側)に窪んでいる。第1の凹部81は、先端面60aの隣接する1対の辺S1、S2により形成された角部である。この1対の辺のうち、一方の辺S1は、タイヤ幅方向に対して0度よりも大きく90度よりも小さい角度で傾斜している。他方の辺S2は、一方の辺S1とは反対方向に、タイヤ幅方向に対して0度よりも大きく90度よりも小さい角度で傾斜している。
第3の凸部63および第4の凸部64は、タイヤ周方向の他方の側(図4の下側)に突出するように設けられている。第3の凸部63および第4の凸部64は、先端面60aの辺のうち、タイヤ周方向の他方の側で隣接する2辺であって、タイヤ周方向に対して互いに反対方向に傾斜した1対の辺が180度よりも小さい内角となるように交差して形成されている。
第3の凸部63は、先端面60aの辺のうち、タイヤ周方向の一方の側で隣接する2辺が180度よりも小さい内角をなすように形成された角部である。この2辺のうち、少なくとも一方の辺S3はタイヤ幅方向に対して傾斜しており、他方の辺はタイヤ幅方向に対して辺S3と反対方向に傾斜しているか、又はタイヤ幅方向と平行である。
第4の凸部64は、先端面60aの辺のうち、タイヤ周方向の一方の側で隣接する2辺によって形成された角部である。この2辺のうち、少なくとも一方の辺S4はタイヤ幅方向に対して傾斜しており、他方の辺はタイヤ幅方向に対して辺S4と反対方向に傾斜しているか、又はタイヤ幅方向と平行である。
第3の凸部63と第4の凸部64との間には、第2の凹部82が設けられている。第2の凹部82はタイヤ周方向の一方の側(図4の上側)に窪んでいる。第2の凹部82は、先端面60aの隣接する1対の辺S3、S4により形成された角部である。この1対の辺のうち、一方の辺S3は、タイヤ幅方向に対して0度よりも大きく90度よりも小さい角度で傾斜している。他方の辺S4は、一方の辺S3とは反対方向に、タイヤ幅方向に対して0度よりも大きく90度よりも小さい角度で傾斜している。
先端面60aの角部は、隣接する2辺が180度以外の角度をなすように端点で繋ぎ合わせられることにより形成される。しかし、角部は丸みを帯びていてもよく、例えば、先端面60aの最も短い辺の1/10以下の曲率半径で屈曲していてもよい。
第5の凸部65は、タイヤ幅方向の一方の側(図4の左側)に突出するように設けられている。
第6の凸部66は、タイヤ幅方向の他方の側(図4の右側)に突出するように設けられている。
第1の凸部61、第2の凸部62、第3の凸部63、第4の凸部64、第5の凸部65、および第6の凸部66における先端面60aの内角はいずれも180°未満であり、30°以上150°以下であることが好ましく、60°以上130°以下であることがより好ましい。内角が30°よりも小さいと、エッジ効果が大きくなりすぎ、削られた細氷が第1の凹部81、第2の凹部82に溜まり易くなるため好ましくない。一方、内角が150°よりも大きいと、充分なエッジ効果が得られないため好ましくない。
また、第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82における先端面60bの内角は、180°よりも大きい。第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82における先端面60bの内角は300°以下であることが好ましく、260°以下であることがより好ましい。300°よりも大きいと、第1の凹部81に細氷が溜まりやすくなり、好ましくない。
具体的には、第1の凸部61、第2の凸部62、第3の凸部63、第4の凸部64、第5の凸部65、および第6の凸部66における先端面60aの内角は約108°である。また、第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82における先端面60bの内角は、約216°である。
このように、先端面60aが対称な形状をしていることで、いずれの方向に対してもエッジ効果を充分に発揮でき、雪上制動性能、雪上旋回性能を高めることができる。
先端面60aが第1の凸部61および第2の凸部62のみで路面に接触する状態では、第1の凹部81が路面から離れている。このため、制動時に第1の凹部81に溜まった細氷は、第1の凸部61、第2の凸部62および第1の凹部81の頂点により形成される三角形の領域から先端面60aと路面との間の隙間を通ってタイヤ周方向の他方の側(図4の下側)へ排出される。
一方、先端面60aが第3の凸部63および第4の凸部64のみで路面に接触する状態では、第2の凹部82が路面から離れている。このため、制動時に第1の凹部81に溜まった細氷は、先端面60aと路面との間の隙間から、第3の凸部63、第4の凸部64および第2の凹部82の頂点により形成される三角形の領域を通ってタイヤ周方向の他方の側(図4の下側)へ排出される。
ここで、先端面60aのタイヤ周方向の最大長さをLmaxとすると、本実施形態においては、Lmaxは線分L3及び線分L4の長さである。また、第1の凹部81と第2の凹部82との距離をLminとすると、Lminは線分L2の長さである。このとき、LminのLmaxに対する比Lmin/Lmaxは0.3以上0.7以下であることが好ましい。Lmin/Lmaxが0.7よりも大きいと、第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82におるエッジ効果が充分に得られず、好ましくない。一方、Lmin/Lmaxが0.3よりも小さいと、第1の凹部81に細氷が溜まりやすくなり、好ましくない。
図5は本発明の第1の変形例に係る先端面60bを示す平面図である。第1の変形例においては、先端面60bは8個の凸部61~64、67~70と、2個の凹部81、82を有している。
第1の凸部61および第2の凸部62は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側(図5の上側)に突出するように設けられている。
第1の凸部61と第2の凸部62との間には、第1の凹部81が設けられている。第1の凹部81はタイヤ周方向の他方の側(図5の下側)に窪んでいる。
第3の凸部63および第4の凸部64は、タイヤ周方向の他方の側(図5の下側)に突出するように設けられている。
第3の凸部63と第4の凸部64との間には、第2の凹部82が設けられている。第2の凹部82はタイヤ周方向の一方の側(図5の上側)に窪んでいる。
第7の凸部67は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側かつタイヤ幅方向の一方の側(図5の左上側)に突出するように設けられている。
第8の凸部68は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側かつタイヤ幅方向の他方の側(図5の右上側)に突出するように設けられている。
第9の凸部69は、タイヤ周方向の他方の側かつタイヤ幅方向の一方の側(図5の左下側)に突出するように設けられている。
第10の凸部70は、タイヤ周方向の他方の側かつタイヤ幅方向の他方の側(図5の右下側)に突出するように設けられている。
このように、先端面60bの外周が第1~第4の凸部61~64、第7~第10の凸部67~70により八方に向けて突出する形状をしていることで、いずれの方向に対してもエッジ効果を充分に発揮でき、雪上制動性能、雪上旋回性能を高めることができる。
図5に示す形態においては、第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82における先端面60bの内角は、第1の凸部61、第2の凸部62、第3の凸部63、第4の凸部64、第7の凸部67、第8の凸部68、第9の凸部69、第10の凸部70における先端面60bの内角の約2倍(1.8~2.2倍)である。具体的には、第1の凸部61、第2の凸部62、第3の凸部63、第4の凸部64、第7の凸部67、第8の凸部68、第9の凸部69、第10の凸部70における先端面60bの内角は、約120°である。また、第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82における先端面60bの内角は、約240°である。
さらに、先端面60bは、中点Mに対して、点対称となる形状である。このため、第1実施形態と同様に、いずれの方向に対してもエッジ効果を充分に発揮することができる。
図6は本発明の第2の変形例に係る先端面60cを示す平面図である。第1の変形例においては、先端面60cは10個の凸部61~70と、2個の凹部81、82を有している。
第1の凸部61および第2の凸部62は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側(図6の上側)に突出するように設けられている。
第1の凸部61と第2の凸部62との間には、第1の凹部81が設けられている。第1の凹部81はタイヤ周方向の他方の側(図6の下側)に窪んでいる。
第3の凸部63および第4の凸部64は、タイヤ周方向の他方の側(図6の下側)に突出するように設けられている。
第3の凸部63と第4の凸部64との間には、第2の凹部82が設けられている。第2の凹部82はタイヤ周方向の一方の側(図6の上側)に窪んでいる。
第5の凸部65は、タイヤ幅方向の一方の側(図6の左側)に突出するように設けられている。
第6の凸部66は、タイヤ幅方向の他方の側(図6の右側)に突出するように設けられている。
第7の凸部67は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側かつタイヤ幅方向の一方の側(図6の左上側)に突出するように設けられている。
第8の凸部68は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側かつタイヤ幅方向の他方の側(図6の右上側)に突出するように設けられている。
第9の凸部69は、タイヤ周方向の他方の側かつタイヤ幅方向の一方の側(図6の左下側)に突出するように設けられている。
第10の凸部70は、タイヤ周方向の他方の側かつタイヤ幅方向の他方の側(図6の右下側)に突出するように設けられている。
このように、先端面60cの外周が第1~第10の凸部61~70により八方に向けて突出する形状をしていることで、いずれの方向に対してもエッジ効果を充分に発揮でき、雪上制動性能、雪上旋回性能を高めることができる。
図6に示す形態においては、第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82における先端面60cの内角は、第1の凸部61、第2の凸部62、第3の凸部63、第4の凸部64、第5の凸部65、第6の凸部66、第7の凸部67、第8の凸部68、第9の凸部69、第10の凸部70における先端面60cの内角の約2倍(1.8~2.2倍)である。
具体的には、第1の凸部61、第2の凸部62、第3の凸部63、第4の凸部64、第5の凸部65、第6の凸部66、第7の凸部67、第8の凸部68、第9の凸部69、第10の凸部70における先端面60cの内角は、約129°である。また、第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82における先端面60cの内角は、約257°である。
このとき、第1の凹部81の頂点と第2の凹部82の頂点とを結ぶ線分L2、第1の凸部61の頂点と第3の凸部63の頂点とを結ぶ線分L3、第2の凸部62の頂点と第4の凸部64の頂点とを結ぶ線分L4は、線分L1と直交する。
第2の変形例においても、タイヤ周方向の一方の側に突出する第1の凸部61および第2の凸部62の間の第1の凹部81に削られた細氷が溜まっても、タイヤ周方向の他方の側に突出する第3の凸部63および第4の凸部64の間の第2の凹部82へ溜まった細氷を排出することができる。
図7は本発明の第3の変形例に係る先端面60dを示す平面図である。図7に示すように、先端面60dは2個の凹部81、82と、第1の凸部61、第2の凸部62、第3の凸部63、第4の凸部64を含む12個の凸部を有している。先端面60dは、第1の凹部81の頂点と第2の凹部82の頂点とを結ぶ線分L2に対して、線対称となる形状であり、線分L2に対して右側半分および左側半分が八角形の形状を成している。なお、12個の凸部のそれぞれにおける先端面60dの内角は、約135°である。また、第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82における先端面60dの内角は、約270°である。
また、先端面60dは、線分L2の中点Mを通り線分L2と垂直な線分L1に対して、線対称となる形状である。
さらに、先端面60dは、中点Mに対して、点対称となる形状である。このため、第1実施形態と同様に、いずれの方向に対してもエッジ効果を充分に発揮することができる。
図8は本発明の第2の実施形態に係るスタッドピン50Bの斜視図である。第2の実施形態のスタッドピン50Bでは、先端部60Bの先端面60bが図5に示すのと同様の形状を有する。また、第2の実施形態の埋設基部52Bは、第1の実施形態の埋設基部52Aとは形状が異なる。
図8に示すスタッドピン50Bの埋設基部52Bは、底部54Bと、シャンク部56Bと、胴体部58Bと、を有し、底部54B、シャンク部56B、および胴体部58Bが、方向Xに沿ってこの順に形成されている。
胴体部58Bの方向Xと垂直な断面は、角が丸くなった略四角形形状であり、4辺が凹んで4つの凹部58a、58bがつくられている。胴体部58Bが略四角形形状であることで、方向Xを中心とするスタッドピン50Bの回転運動が抑制される。なお、角を丸くすることで、スタッドピン取付用孔の側面がスタッドピン50Bの胴体部58Bの尖った角により傷つくことを防ぐことができる。
凹部58a、58bがつくられることで、胴体部58Bの単位体積当たりの表面積を増やすことができ、トレッド部のトレッドゴム部材18との接触面積を増やし、スタッドピン50Bの動きを拘束する摩擦力を増やすことができる。また、凹部58a、58bにトレッドゴム部材18が入りこむことで、方向Xを中心とするスタッドピン50Bの回転運動が抑制される。さらに、凹部58a、58bが設けられていることで、先端部60Bの第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82を確実にタイヤ周方向に向けることができる。
胴体部58Bは、タイヤ10に装着されるとき、上端面をトレッド面と略面一に露出させた状態でトレッドゴム部材18内に埋設される。
図9は本発明の第3の実施形態に係るスタッドピン50Cの斜視図である。第3の実施形態のスタッドピン50Cでは、先端部60Cの先端面60aが図4に示すのと同様の形状を有する。また、第3の実施形態の埋設基部52Cは、第1の実施形態の埋設基部52Aおよび第2の実施形態の埋設基部52Bとは形状が異なる。
図9に示すスタッドピン50Cの埋設基部52Cは、底部54Cと、シャンク部56Cと、胴体部58Cと、を有し、底部54C、シャンク部56C、および胴体部58Cが、方向Xに沿ってこの順に形成されている。
胴体部58Cの方向Xと垂直な断面は、円形に2箇所の切り欠きが設けられた形状であり、この2箇所がタイヤ周方向の両側の凹部58aの位置である。胴体部58Cに凹部58aが形成されていることで、方向Xを中心とするスタッドピン50Cの回転運動が抑制される。また、凹部58aを除き角がないため、スタッドピン取付用孔の側面がスタッドピン50Cの胴体部58Cの尖った角により傷つくことを防ぐことができる。
凹部58aがつくられることで、胴体部58Cの単位体積当たりの表面積を増やすことができ、トレッド部のトレッドゴム部材18との接触面積を増やし、スタッドピン50Cの動きを拘束する摩擦力を増やすことができる。また、凹部58aにトレッドゴム部材18が入りこむことで、方向Xを中心とするスタッドピン50Cの回転運動が抑制される。さらに、凹部58aが設けられていることで、先端部60Cの第1の凹部81および第2の凹部82を確実にタイヤ周方向に向けることができる。
胴体部58Cは、タイヤ10に装着されるとき、上端面をトレッド面と略面一に露出させた状態でトレッドゴム部材18内に埋設される。
図10は本発明の第4の実施形態に係るスタッドピン50Dの斜視図である。第4の実施形態のスタッドピン50Dでは、底部54Dの形状が図8に示すスタッドピン50Bの底部54Bと異なる。
本実施形態においては、底部54Dの略四角形形状の4辺のうち、1対の辺がタイヤ幅方向に、他の1対の辺がタイヤ周方向を向くように配置される。凹部54aが設けられているタイヤ幅方向の辺のほうが、凹部54bが設けられているタイヤ周方向の辺よりも短い。すなわち、底部54Dの方向Xと垂直な断面形状は、長手方向がタイヤ周方向となる略長方形形状である。
本実施形態においても、第2実施形態の先端部60Bと同様に、図5に示すような先端面60bを有するので、タイヤ周方向の一方の側に突出する第1の凸部61および第2の凸部62の間の第1の凹部81に削られた細氷が溜まっても、タイヤ周方向の他方の側に突出する第3の凸部63および第4の凸部64の間の第2の凹部82へ溜まった細氷を排出することができる。また、埋設基部52Dの方向Xを中心とする回転運動を抑制することができる。
図11は本発明の第5の実施形態に係るスタッドピン50Eの斜視図である。第5の実施形態のスタッドピン50Eは、図8に示す埋設基部52Bと同様の形状の埋設基部52Eと、図9に示す先端部60Cと同様の形状の先端部60Eとを有する。
本実施形態においても、第5実施形態の先端部60Cと同様に、図4に示すような先端面60aを有するので、タイヤ周方向の一方の側に突出する第1の凸部61および第2の凸部62の間の第1の凹部81に削られた細氷が溜まっても、タイヤ周方向の他方の側に突出する第3の凸部63および第4の凸部64の間の第2の凹部82へ溜まった細氷を排出することができる。また、埋設基部52Eの方向Xを中心とする回転運動を抑制することができる。
本実施形態のスタッドピンによる効果を確認するために、図2に示すスタッドピン60Aと同様のスタッドピンを図1に示すタイヤ10と同様のタイヤに取り付けた。タイヤのタイヤサイズは、205/55R16とした。
従来例では、先端面が円形である先端部を用いた。
比較例1では先端面が正方形である先端部を用いた。正方形の4個の角部のうち、対向する1対の角部をタイヤ周方向に向け、他の1対の角部をタイヤ幅方向に向けた状態でタイヤに装着した。
比較例2では、図12に示すのと同様の形状の先端面を有する先端部を用いた。図12に示す先端面は、凹部81、82にタイヤ幅方向と平行な辺がある点を除き、図5に示すのと同様の形状を有する。
実施例1では、図4に示す先端面60aと同様の形状の先端面を有する先端部を用いた。
実施例2では、図5に示す先端面60bと同様の形状の先端面を有する先端部を用いた。
実施例3では、図6に示す先端面60cと同様の形状の先端面を有する先端部を用いた。
実施例4では、図7に示す先端面60dと同様の形状の先端面を有する先端部を用いた。
実施例12~19では、図5に示す先端面60bと同様の形状の先端面を有し、Lmin/Lmaxの値が同一でありかつ第1~第4の凸部61~64における先端面の内角の大きさが異なる先端部を用いた。
なお、表1~表3の「周方向の一方に存在する凸部の数」とは、先端部の中心を通るタイヤ幅方向の直線に対して一方の側に存在する凸部の数であり、図4~図7の線分L1に対して一方の側にある凸部の数である。
上記の実施例および従来例のタイヤを乗用車に装着し、氷上制動性能の評価を行った。
乗用車は、排気量2000ccの前輪駆動のセダン型乗用車を用いた。タイヤの内圧条件は、前輪、後輪ともに230(kPa)とした。各タイヤの荷重条件は、前輪荷重を450kg重、後輪荷重を300kg重とした。
上記の乗用車で氷路面からなるテストコースを走行させ、ハンドル応答性、グリップ特性等をドライバーの官能評価により評価した。従来例を100とする指数により示し、値が大きいほど性能が高いと評価した。
結果を表1~表3に示す。
実施例1~4の比較により、凸部の数を6~8個とすることで、さらに氷上制動性能が高まることがわかる。
表3の実施例12~19の比較により、第1~第4の凸部における先端面の内角の大きさを30°以上150°以下とすることで、氷上制動性能を高めることができ、60°以上130°以下とすることで、さらに氷上制動性能を高めることができることがわかる。
40 スタッドピン取付用孔
50A、50B、50C スタッドピン
52A、52B、52C 埋設基部
54A、54B、54C 底部
54a、54b 凹部
56A、56B、56C シャンク部
58A、58B、58C 胴体部
58a、58b 凹部
60A、60B、60C 先端部
60a、60b、60c 先端面
Claims (10)
- トレッド部のスタッドピン取付用孔にスタッドピンが装着された空気入りタイヤであって、
前記スタッドピンは、
空気入りタイヤのトレッド部内に埋設されタイヤ径方向に延在する埋設基部と、
前記埋設基部がトレッド部に埋設されたときに前記トレッド部の踏面から突出する先端部と、
を有し、
前記先端部の先端面のタイヤ幅方向の長さは、前記先端面のタイヤ周方向の長さよりも長く、
前記先端面の輪郭形状は、
タイヤ周方向の一方の側に突出する第1の凸部および第2の凸部と、
前記第1の凸部と前記第2の凸部との間に設けられ、タイヤ周方向の他方の側に窪む第1の凹部と、
タイヤ周方向の他方の側に突出する第3の凸部および第4の凸部と、
前記第3の凸部と前記第4の凸部との間に設けられ、タイヤ周方向の一方の側に窪む第2の凹部と、
を有し、
前記第1の凹部および前記第2の凹部は、前記先端面の隣接する1対の辺により形成され、
前記1対の辺のうち一方の辺は、タイヤ幅方向に対して0度よりも大きく90度よりも小さい角度で傾斜し、他方の辺は前記一方の辺とは反対方向に、タイヤ幅方向に対して0度よりも大きく90度よりも小さい角度で傾斜していることを特徴とする空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記第1の凹部と前記第2の凹部は、タイヤ幅方向の同位置にある、請求項1に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記先端面は、外側に突出する凸部を6~10個有する、請求項1又は2に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記第1の凹部と前記第2の凹部との距離Lminの前記先端面のタイヤタイヤ周方向の最大長さLmaxに対する比Lmin/Lmaxは0.3以上0.7以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記凸部は、30°以上150°以下の角部を有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記埋設基部は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側の側面から他方の側へ窪む第3の凹部と、
タイヤ周方向の他方の側の側面から一方の側へ窪む第4の凹部と、を有する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記埋設基部は、
前記先端部が固定される胴体部と、
前記胴体部とは反対側の端部に設けられる底部と、
前記胴体部と前記底部とを接続するシャンク部とを有し、
前記底部は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側の側面から他方の側へ窪む第3の凹部と、
タイヤ周方向の他方の側の側面から一方の側へ窪む第4の凹部と、を有する、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記埋設基部は、
前記先端部が固定される胴体部と、
前記胴体部とは反対側の端部に設けられる底部と、
前記胴体部と前記底部とを接続するシャンク部とを有し、
前記胴体部は、タイヤ周方向の一方の側の側面から他方の側へ窪む第5の凹部と、
タイヤ周方向の他方の側の側面から一方の側へ窪む第6の凹部と、を有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記埋設基部は、
前記先端部が固定される胴体部と、
前記胴体部とは反対側の端部に設けられる底部と、
前記胴体部と前記底部とを接続するシャンク部とを有し、
前記底部の、前記埋設基部の延在方向と垂直な断面形状は、長手方向がタイヤ周方向となる略長方形形状である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記埋設基部は、
前記先端部が固定される胴体部と、
前記胴体部とは反対側の端部に設けられる底部と、
前記胴体部と前記底部とを接続するシャンク部とを有し、
前記底部の、前記埋設基部の延在方向と垂直な断面形状は、長手方向がタイヤ幅方向となる略長方形形状である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
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| RU2017125238A RU2643899C1 (ru) | 2014-12-15 | 2015-08-31 | Пневматическая шина |
| US15/534,463 US10377186B2 (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2015-08-31 | Pneumatic tire |
| CN201580059669.0A CN107074039B (zh) | 2014-12-15 | 2015-08-31 | 充气轮胎 |
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| JP7070034B2 (ja) | 2018-04-25 | 2022-05-18 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | スタッドピン、及びスタッドタイヤ |
| JP2019189035A (ja) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-31 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | スタッドピン、及びスタッドタイヤ |
| WO2019208459A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-31 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | スタッドピン、及びスタッドタイヤ |
| US11872849B2 (en) | 2018-04-25 | 2024-01-16 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Stud pin and stud tire |
| RU2723208C1 (ru) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-06-09 | Дзе Гудйеар Тайр Энд Раббер Компани | Шип протектора зимней шины (варианты) |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3235663A4 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
| EP3235663B1 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
| EP3235663A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
| US20170349006A1 (en) | 2017-12-07 |
| CN107074039A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
| JP6589885B2 (ja) | 2019-10-16 |
| RU2643899C1 (ru) | 2018-02-06 |
| CN107074039B (zh) | 2019-09-13 |
| US10377186B2 (en) | 2019-08-13 |
| JPWO2016098394A1 (ja) | 2017-09-21 |
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