WO2015190471A1 - ボンディング装置及びボンディングツールの着地点位置を推定する方法 - Google Patents
ボンディング装置及びボンディングツールの着地点位置を推定する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015190471A1 WO2015190471A1 PCT/JP2015/066580 JP2015066580W WO2015190471A1 WO 2015190471 A1 WO2015190471 A1 WO 2015190471A1 JP 2015066580 W JP2015066580 W JP 2015066580W WO 2015190471 A1 WO2015190471 A1 WO 2015190471A1
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- Prior art keywords
- bonding
- bonding tool
- tool
- tip
- capillary
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- H10P72/0444—
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- H10W72/071—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
- B23K2101/40—Semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/44—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L2224/45—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/45001—Core members of the connector
- H01L2224/45099—Material
- H01L2224/451—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof
- H01L2224/45138—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of greater than or equal to 950°C and less than 1550°C
- H01L2224/45147—Copper (Cu) as principal constituent
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- H10W72/07141—
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- H10W72/07173—
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- H10W72/07178—
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- H10W72/07523—
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- H10W72/07531—
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- H10W72/552—
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- H10W72/5522—
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- H10W72/5524—
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- H10W72/5525—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for estimating a landing position of a bonding apparatus and a bonding tool, and in particular, a method for estimating a landing position of a bonding apparatus and a bonding tool in which a bonding tool and a positioning camera are provided apart by a predetermined offset distance.
- a method for estimating a landing position of a bonding apparatus and a bonding tool in which a bonding tool and a positioning camera are provided apart by a predetermined offset distance.
- a positioning camera is provided.
- the bonding tool and the positioning camera are provided apart from each other by a predetermined offset distance. Positioning, and then moving the bonding tool by an offset distance.
- Patent Document 1 in order to accurately calibrate the offset amount between the axis of a tool in a bonding apparatus and the optical axis of a position detection camera arranged away from the tool, a light source, a reference member, a prism, etc.
- the use of an optical system is disclosed.
- a bar-shaped reference member and the tool tip are irradiated using a light source, both shadows are detected by a position detection camera using an optical system, and the offset amount is accurately calibrated based on the deviation between the two shadows. .
- Patent Document 2 in the wire connection apparatus, immediately before the capillary pressurizes, the camera does not capture an image from vertically above the connection region, but illuminates from an oblique direction at a predetermined angle with respect to the direction in which the capillary extends.
- a configuration of an oblique optical system is disclosed in which an image is captured by a camera provided in a symmetrical oblique direction across a capillary.
- the two-dimensional coordinates of the ideal pressurization point in the connection area are specified by a camera, the capillary stops moving when the capillary passes the search height, and the tip of the capillary at that time and its shadow are slanted.
- the two-dimensional coordinates of the predicted pressurization point are obtained, and the difference from the two-dimensional coordinates of the ideal pressurization point is obtained to correct the movement of the capillary.
- the method of configuring the offset amount using the reference of Patent Document 1 is expensive because it uses a complicated optical system including illumination, and there remains a problem in heat resistance and the like. If the reference is observed with the oblique optical system of Patent Document 2, it is considered that the configuration is simplified. However, when the height position of the object is changed in the oblique optical system, it is misidentified as a displacement. Although the relationship between the height of the object and the height of the tool tip can be set in advance, the relationship between these heights and the tilt angle of the slant optical system fluctuates due to changes in temperature, etc. Have difficulty.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a bonding apparatus and a method for estimating a landing point position of a bonding tool that further improve the positional accuracy of bonding processing using an oblique optical system.
- a bonding apparatus includes a bonding tool attached to a bonding head, a stage for slidably moving the bonding head in the XY direction, and a Z moving mechanism for moving the bonding tool freely in the Z direction perpendicular to the XY plane.
- a planar object that is disposed below the bonding tool and receives an image related to the bonding tool, an oblique optical system that observes the bonding tool and the planar object from obliquely above, and a control that executes a process for estimating a landing point position of the bonding tool A controller, and a controller that lowers the bonding tool to a predetermined first height position in a range that does not contact the planar object along the Z direction, and an oblique optical system at the first height position,
- the tip of the bonding tool and the tip of the bonding tool received by the planar object Part capturing the image of the position of the image of the tip portion of the position A 11 and the bonding tool tip of the bonding tool on the imaging surface and calculating as A 12, within a range not contacting the bonding tool to a planar object A step of lowering to a second height position lower than the first height position, and an image of a tip end portion of the bonding tool and a tip end portion of the bonding tool received
- the process is configured to be executable.
- the planar object is a mirror
- the image related to the bonding tool received by the mirror may be a virtual image of the bonding tool reflected on the mirror.
- the planar object may be a bonding object having a pattern on a mirror-like or diffusing surface.
- the bonding apparatus includes an illuminating device that illuminates from an oblique upper side opposite to the oblique optical system with the bonding tool interposed therebetween, and the planar object is a flat plate that receives an image of the shadow of the bonding tool illuminated by the illuminating device.
- the oblique optical system is suitable for capturing the tip of the bonding tool and the shadow image of the tip of the bonding tool received by the planar object.
- the bonding tool may be any one of a capillary for performing wire bonding processing, a tool for performing die bonding processing, and a tool for performing flip chip mounting processing.
- the oblique optical system includes a front optical system having a lens and a projection surface that satisfy the Scheimpflug condition for the bonding tool and the planar object, and an image on the projection surface of the front optical system is telecentric optical. It is also preferable to image with a system.
- the oblique optical system adjusts the optical path length to be the same for either one of the tip of the bonding tool and the image of the tip of the bonding tool received by the planar object. It is also preferable to use an optical path length compensating optical element.
- the bonding apparatus further includes a positioning camera attached to the bonding head at a predetermined offset distance from the bonding tool, the planar object has a reference pattern serving as a positioning reference, and the control unit includes the planar object. It is also preferable that the position of the reference pattern is detected by a positioning camera and the bonding tool is moved by a predetermined offset distance from the detected position of the reference pattern.
- control unit detects a change in bonding offset that occurs in bonding from a difference between the position of the reference pattern and the estimated landing position.
- control unit feeds back the detected amount of change in bonding offset to perform bonding.
- a pattern of a semiconductor device to be bonded may be used as a reference pattern for positioning.
- a method of estimating a landing point position of a bonding tool according to the present invention includes a bonding tool attached to a bonding head, a stage for slidably moving the bonding head in the XY direction, and a Z direction perpendicular to the XY plane.
- a step of preparing a bonding apparatus comprising: a control unit that executes a process for estimating the position of the bonding tool; and the control unit lowers the bonding tool to a predetermined first height position in a range that does not contact the planar object along the Z direction.
- the tip of the bonding tool and the image of the tip of the bonding tool received by the planar object are picked up by the camera provided, and the position A 21 of the tip of the bonding tool on the image pickup surface and the tip of the bonding tool are picked up by the control unit. And calculating the position of the image of A as A 22 and the calculated four of A 11 , A 12 , A 21 , A 22 Estimating a landing point position of the bonding tool with respect to the bonding object based on the position data and the first height position and the second height position.
- the image or shadow of the tip of the bonding tool is received by the planar object, and the image or shadow and the tip of the bonding tool itself are simultaneously imaged by the oblique optical system.
- the bonding tool lands on the object to be bonded, the position of the tip of the bonding tool in the image or shadow relating to the bonding tool and the position of the tip of the bonding tool itself should match on the imaging surface.
- the position of the tool tip fluctuates from the set value due to temperature changes, etc., so it is unclear exactly where the bonding tool will land on the bonding target. Therefore, if the coordinates of the landing point can be estimated without landing the bonding tool on the bonding object, the bonding process can be performed based on the estimated coordinates of the landing point, and the positional accuracy of the bonding process is further improved.
- the position of the image or shadow of the tip of the bonding tool and the position of the tip of the bonding tool itself are calculated at each of two height positions where the bonding tool does not land on the object, for a total of four pieces of position data. Can be used to estimate the coordinates of the landing point. Thereby, the positional accuracy of the bonding process can be further improved.
- FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating a state when a bonding process is performed
- FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating a state when a landing point of a capillary is estimated.
- 2 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for estimating a capillary landing position relative to a bonding target in the bonding apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for obtaining the position of the tip of the capillary on the imaging surface and the position of the tip of the capillary of the virtual image reflected on the mirror at the first height in the procedure of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the optical path relationship when capturing a capillary and its virtual image
- FIG. 4B is a diagram showing the imaging surface
- FIG. 4C is the position of the tip of the capillary on the imaging surface, and the capillary of the virtual image
- it is a figure which estimates and calculates the landing point position of the capillary with respect to a bonding target object.
- the bonding apparatus examples include a wire bonding apparatus, a die bonding apparatus, a flip chip mounting apparatus, and the like that perform a bonding process using a bonding tool.
- a wire bonding apparatus that uses a capillary as a bonding tool unless otherwise specified. Will be described.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the wire bonding apparatus 10.
- the wire bonding apparatus 10 includes an apparatus main body 11 including a capillary 24 and an oblique optical system 30, and a control unit 40 that controls each element constituting the apparatus main body 11 as a whole. Each element constituting the apparatus main body 11 is arranged on a gantry 12.
- the wire bonding apparatus 10 is referred to as a bonding apparatus 10 unless otherwise specified.
- FIG. 1 shows a bonding object 8 that is not a component of the wire bonding apparatus 10.
- the bonding apparatus 10 performs a normal bonding process using the capillary 24 and estimates the landing position of the capillary 24 with respect to the bonding target 8 using the oblique optical system 30 here.
- 1A shows the bonding apparatus 10 in a state where a normal bonding process is performed
- FIG. 1B shows a state of the bonding apparatus 10 when the landing position of the capillary 24 with respect to the bonding object 8 is estimated. It is.
- “estimation of the landing point position of the capillary 24 with respect to the bonding target” is simply referred to as “estimation of the landing point position”.
- the estimation of the landing point position can be performed in a three-dimensional position.
- the XY plane is a plane parallel to the upper surface of the gantry 12.
- the Z direction is a direction perpendicular to the XY plane.
- an orthogonal xy coordinate system is used to indicate a planar position on the imaging surface in the oblique optical system 30.
- the x and y directions of the xy coordinate system are different from the X and Y directions in FIG.
- capital letters X and Y are used for the coordinate system for the plane parallel to the top surface of the gantry 12
- lowercase x and y are used for the coordinate system for the imaging surface of the oblique optical system 30.
- Conversion between the (X, Y) coordinate system and the (x, y) coordinate system can be performed based on the geometrical arrangement between the upper surface of the gantry 12 and the imaging surface of the oblique optical system 30.
- the bonding stage 13 is a bonding object holding table on which the bonding object 8 is mounted, and the bonding object is conveyed from the loader part by a feed claw of the feeder part (not shown).
- the bonding object 8 is, for example, a substrate on which a semiconductor device is mounted.
- the target of the wire bonding process is the pads of the semiconductor device and the leads of the substrate.
- the landing point in the estimation of the landing point position is a point where the tip of the capillary 24 has landed on the surface of the pad of the semiconductor device, or a point where the tip of the capillary 24 has landed on the surface of the lead of the substrate.
- the point where the tip of the capillary 24 has landed on the surface of the semiconductor pad will be described as a landing point.
- a mirror 16 is mounted on the bonding stage 13 in place of the bonding object 8 in order to estimate the landing point position.
- the mirror 16 is mounted on the end portion of the bonding stage 13 that does not interfere with the bonding object 8, and the Z-direction position of the upper surface, which is a mirror surface, is set to be the same as the Z-direction position of the upper surface of the semiconductor pad of the bonding object 8.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which the mirror 16 is mounted on the transport rail 14.
- the mirror 16 may be a reflector.
- the reference mark 18 carved on the upper surface of the mirror 16 is a reference pattern used for position reference in the bonding process, and a cross pattern is used in the example of FIG. Any pattern other than the cross pattern can be used as long as the pattern is suitable for positioning. For example, a double circle pattern can be used. Since the virtual image of the capillary 24 is reflected on the mirror 16, it is possible to simultaneously capture the capillary 24 itself, the virtual image of the capillary 24, and the reference mark 18 by using the oblique optical system 30.
- the bonding object 8 When the bonding object 8 is mounted on or ejected from the bonding stage 13, the bonding object 8 is conveyed to the gantry 12.
- the capillary 24 faces the bonding object 8 as shown in FIG.
- the bonding stage 13 is fixed to the gantry 12.
- the capillary 24 faces the mirror 16 on the transport rail 14 as shown in FIG. While the landing point position estimation process is being performed, the bonding stage 13 on which the transport rail 14 is provided is fixed to the gantry 12.
- the bonding stage 13 a metal moving table can be used.
- the direction in which the bonding stage 13 moves with respect to the gantry 12 is the X direction.
- the bonding stage 13 is connected to a reference potential such as the ground potential of the bonding apparatus 10. When insulation from the bonding target is required, an insulation process is provided on a necessary portion of the bonding stage 13.
- the XY stage 15 is a moving stage that mounts the bonding head 20 and moves the bonding head 20 to a desired position in the XY plane with respect to the gantry 12 and the bonding stage 13.
- the movement drive of the XY stage 15 is performed by the linear motor 17 under the control of the control unit 40.
- the bonding head 20 is fixedly mounted on the XY stage 15 and has a built-in Z motor, and a moving mechanism that moves the capillary 24 in the Z direction perpendicular to the XY plane via the bonding arm 21 and the transducer 22 by rotation control thereof. It is.
- a linear motor can be used as the Z motor.
- the XY stage 15 and the bonding head 20 are moving mechanism units that drive the capillary 24 to a predetermined position in the X, Y, and Z directions according to a predetermined procedure with respect to the bonding stage 13.
- the bonding arm 21 is a member to which a transducer 22 is attached and is rotatable around a rotation center provided in the bonding head 20 by rotation control of the Z motor.
- the transducer 22 is an elongated rod member having a root portion attached to the bonding arm 21 and a capillary 24 attached to the tip portion.
- An ultrasonic vibrator is attached to the transducer 22, and ultrasonic energy generated by driving the ultrasonic vibrator is transmitted to the capillary 24 as bonding energy.
- the transducer 22 is formed in a horn shape that tapers toward the tip side so that ultrasonic energy from the ultrasonic transducer can be efficiently transmitted to the capillary 24.
- a piezoelectric element is used as the ultrasonic transducer.
- the capillary 24 is a conical body having a flat tip surface, and is a bonding tool having a center hole through which a bonding wire (not shown) can be inserted along the longitudinal direction.
- a bonding wire not shown
- the bonding wire is a thin wire such as gold, silver, copper, or aluminum.
- the positioning camera 26 is a camera used for positioning so that the position of the tip of the capillary 24 is directly above the position of the pad of the semiconductor device to be bonded.
- positioning is performed by moving and driving the XY stage 15 by the linear motor 17 under the control of the control unit 40 so that the coordinate center of the positioning camera 26 comes directly above the reference mark 18.
- Positioning camera 26 is apart a capillary 24 + X direction by a predetermined offset distance D 0, is attached to the likewise bonding head 20 and the capillary 24. Therefore, if the coordinate center of the positioning camera 26 is positioned at the coordinate center of the reference mark 18, when the bonding head 20 is moved D 0 in the + X direction from the positioned state, the tip position of the capillary 24 is the reference mark 18. Come directly above.
- positioning is performed so that the coordinate center of the positioning camera 26 comes to the position of the desired pads of the semiconductor device, to move drives the D 0 only the bonding arm 21 from its state in the + X direction by the linear motor 17, the capillary at the position If 24 is lowered in the ⁇ Z direction, the tip of the capillary 24 is exactly at the desired pad position. Then, if a bonding process is performed, a bonding wire can be bonded to a desired pad.
- the illumination device 28 is a device that illuminates a bonding target object obliquely from above the capillary 24 using an LED (Light Emitting Diode) or the like. When the mirror 16 is used to estimate the landing point position, the illumination is turned off. In another embodiment, when the diffuser plate 62 (see FIG. 7) is used instead of the mirror 16, the illumination device 28 is turned on, the capillary 24 is illuminated from the side, and the shadow of the capillary 24 is projected onto the upper surface of the diffuser plate 62. To do.
- LED Light Emitting Diode
- the lighting device 28 is attached to the bonding head 20, but may be provided separately from the bonding head 20 in some cases.
- the inclination angle of the illumination direction of the illumination device 28 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the capillary 24 is preferably the same as the inclination angle of the optical axis of the oblique optical system 30 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the capillary 24, but it does not necessarily have to be the same. Absent.
- the oblique optical system 30 is an optical system that is disposed on the opposite side of the illumination device 28 across the capillary 24 and that observes the capillary 24 and the mirror 16 from obliquely above. Although the oblique optical system 30 is attached to the bonding head 20, it may be provided separately from the bonding head 20 in some cases.
- the oblique optical system 30 includes a telecentric optical system 32 and an imaging camera having an imaging surface 34 (see FIGS. 4, 5, and 6).
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the telecentric optical system 32.
- the telecentric optical system 32 is an optical system in which a stop 32b is placed at the rear focal length position of the lens 32a so that the optical axis and the principal ray can be regarded as parallel on the object surface 32c.
- the principal ray is parallel to the optical axis, the magnification is constant even if the position of the object is shifted in the optical axis direction.
- the imaging camera included in the oblique optical system 30 projects a virtual image of the capillary 24 reflected on the tip of the capillary 24 and the mirror 16 onto the imaging surface 34 using the telecentric optical system 32, and the image data is transmitted with an appropriate signal line. It is an imaging device that transmits to the control unit 40. As the imaging camera, a two-dimensional CCD type imaging device is used.
- control unit 40 controls the operation of each element of the apparatus main body 11 as a whole.
- the control unit 40 can be configured by an appropriate computer.
- the control unit 40 includes a bonding processing unit 42 that executes a bonding process. Further, a tool landing point position estimation unit 44 that estimates the landing point position is included.
- the tool landing point position estimation unit 44 includes an offset movement processing unit 46, a tool height change processing unit 48, an imaging processing unit 50 for the tool and its image, and a landing point position calculation processing unit 52.
- These functions can be realized by executing software in the bonding apparatus 10. Specifically, it can be realized by executing a bonding program. Some of these functions can also be realized by hardware.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for estimating the landing point position in the bonding apparatus 10.
- 4 and 5 are diagrams showing the contents of the processing procedure of FIG. 3 is executed by the tool landing point position estimation unit 44 of the control unit 40.
- the offset interval D 0 between the capillary 24 and the positioning camera 26 is calibrated before performing the bonding process.
- the bonding head 20 is moved and driven in the ⁇ X direction to move the positioning camera 26 directly above the mirror 16.
- the position of the reference mark 18 that is a position reference pattern carved on the mirror 16 is detected by the positioning camera 26 (S10).
- the XY stage 15 is moved and driven by the linear motor 17, the intersection of the cross pattern of the reference mark 18 is used as the coordinate center, and the center mark of the visual field that is the coordinate center of the positioning camera 26 is matched there.
- the position of the reference mark 18 in the visual field may be detected by image processing without being aligned with the center of the visual field, and the position may be used as a reference.
- the bonding head 20 is offset by a predetermined distance (S12). Note that when the position of the reference mark 18 detected in the image processing is used as a reference, the offset is moved based on the position. This processing procedure is executed by the function of the offset movement processing unit 46 of the control unit 40. Specifically, the mobile drive the bonding head 20 in the + X direction by the offset distance D 0. As a result, the capillary 24 has moved to a position directly above the reference mark 18.
- the procedure after this is a procedure for estimating the landing point position. That is, by performing S12, if the capillary 24 is lowered, the tip end portion should just land on the reference mark 18, but the actual landing point position may not be the position of the reference mark 18.
- the cause may be that the set value of the offset interval D 0 is not accurate, the descending direction of the capillary 24 is not parallel to the optical axis of the positioning camera 26, or there is a temperature change.
- the estimation of the landing point position is performed by calculating the position by setting the position when the tip of the capillary 24 is brought into contact with the surface of the mirror 16 as the landing point.
- a procedure for estimating the landing point position without actually landing the capillary 24 will be described.
- the first height position Z 1 can be set to a predetermined height position in a range where the capillary 24 does not contact the mirror 16.
- the position of the search height used in the wire bonding process can be a first height position Z 1.
- the search height In the wire bonding process, when the capillary 24 is moved from the position of the first bond point to the position of the second bond point, the search height first descends while moving at a high speed, and immediately above the second bond point. When it reaches a certain height, it switches to low speed descent. The height position at that time is the position of the search height.
- the position of the search height is set in advance according to the specifications of the bonding apparatus 10. For example, the search height position is set in a range of several hundred ⁇ m from the surface to be bonded.
- the position of the capillary 24, which is a bonding tool, and its image are calculated (S16).
- This processing procedure is executed by the function of the tool of the control unit 40 and the imaging processing unit 50 of the image thereof.
- the position of the capillary 24 and the position of the virtual image are positions in a two-dimensional xy coordinate system on the imaging surface 34 where the capillary 24 and the virtual image are captured and displayed by the imaging camera included in the oblique optical system 30.
- the two-dimensional coordinates on the imaged screen are (x, y)
- the relationship between the two-dimensional coordinates (x, y) and the two-dimensional coordinates (X, Y) in the XY stage 15 in FIG. Conversion can be performed using the obtained conversion formula or the like.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a procedure of a position calculation of the image with the capillary 24 at the first height position Z 1.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram showing an optical path relationship when capturing a virtual image 60 of the capillary 24 and the capillary 24 reflected on the mirror 16 in the XZ plane including the capillary 24 in the three-dimensional XYZ coordinate system related to the XY stage 15. It is.
- the first height position Z 1 is a value calculated from the value of the encoder provided in the Z motor, but are not necessarily referenced to the height position of the upper surface of the mirror 16, in FIG. 4, the mirror 16 the height position of the upper surface showing a first height Z 1 as a reference.
- the mirror 16 is obtained by applying a reflective material to the back side of the glass plate, and the back surface of the glass coated with the reflective material is a reflective surface.
- the reflection surface is viewed obliquely, a virtual image 60 of the capillary 24 can be seen on the back side opposite to the capillary 24 across the reflection surface.
- the light beam from the capillary 24 is directly displayed on the imaging surface 34 of the imaging camera via the telecentric optical system 32.
- the light beam from the reference mark 18 is directly displayed on the imaging surface 34 via the telecentric optical system 32.
- the light reflected from the mirror 16 by the light beam from the capillary 24 is displayed on the imaging surface 34 through the telecentric optical system 32 as if it were a light beam emitted from the virtual image 60 of the capillary 24.
- the influence of the refractive index of the glass plate of the mirror 16 is omitted.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a plane of the imaging surface 34 of the oblique optical system 30 shown in FIG.
- the coordinate system of the imaging surface 34 an xy coordinate system indicated by lowercase letters is used, the x axis and the y axis orthogonal to each other are shown, and the intersection of the x axis and the y axis is indicated by a double circle. The intersection is the origin O of the xy coordinate system.
- FIG. 4B shows the capillary 25, the reference mark 19, and the capillary virtual image 61 as images displayed on the imaging surface 34.
- the capillaries 25, reference marks 19, and capillary virtual images 61 displayed on the imaging surface 34 have different signs to distinguish them from the capillaries 24, reference marks 18, and capillary virtual images 60 before passing through the oblique optical system 30.
- the positions of these predetermined points on the imaging plane 34 are the distance along the x-axis from the origin O of the xy coordinate system, and the distance along the y-axis from the origin O is the y-position. Therefore, the position of the predetermined point is calculated as a two-dimensional coordinate A (x, y).
- FIG. 4B shows the position A 11 (x 11 , y 11 ) of the tip of the capillary 25 calculated as described above, and the position A 12 (x 12 , y 12 ) of the tip of the capillary in the virtual image 61.
- the position A 1R (x 1R , y 1R ) of the reference mark 19 is indicated.
- Position A 11 (x 11 , y 11 ) of the tip of the capillary 25 the position A 12 (x 12 , y 12 ) of the tip of the capillary in the virtual image 61, and the reference mark 19 on the imaging surface 34.
- Position A 1R (x 1R , y 1R ) can be calculated.
- FIG. 4C is a diagram in which the y position of the two-dimensional coordinates calculated in this way is the vertical axis, and the height position Z of the tip of the capillary 24 is the horizontal axis.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG.
- FIG. 5 (a) is a diagram showing an optical path of light capillary 24 and its virtual image 60 and reference mark 18 is directed obliquely optical system 30 when the height position Z of the capillary 24 becomes Z 2. Since the contents are the same as those in FIG.
- FIG. 5 (b) is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 (b), the height position Z of the capillary 24 is a diagram showing the imaging surface 34 of the oblique optical system 30 at the time of Z 2.
- the capillary 25 displayed on the imaging surface 34, the virtual image 61, the position A 21 (x 21 , y 21 ) of the tip of the capillary 25 calculated based on the reference mark 19, and the virtual image 61.
- the position A 22 (x 22 , y 22 ) of the tip of the capillary and the position A 2R (x 2R , y 2R ) of the reference mark 19 are shown.
- FIG. 5C is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4C, and shows the relationship between the height position Z of the tip of the capillary 24 and the y position of each element on the imaging surface 34.
- the height position Z of the tip of the capillary 24 is Z 2
- the y position of the tip of the capillary 25 y 21
- the y position of the tip of the capillary in the virtual image 61 y 22
- S14, S16, S18, and S20 are executed by the function of the tool in the control unit 40 and the imaging processing unit 50 for the image thereof.
- the landing point position is calculated (S22). This processing procedure is executed by the function of the landing point position calculation processing unit 52 of the control unit 40.
- the landing point position is calculated based on the four position data A 11 , A 12 , A 21 , and A 22 calculated in S 16 and S 20, and the first height position Z 1 and the second height position Z 2. Is done.
- FIG. 6 summarizes the contents of FIG. 4C and FIG. 5C in one figure.
- the horizontal axis is the height position Z of the tip of the capillary 24, and the vertical axis is the y position.
- a line connecting y 11 and y 21 indicates a change in the y position of the tip of the capillary 24 when the height position Z of the capillary 24 is changed from Z 1 to Z 2
- a line connecting y 12 and y 22 is shows changes in the y position of the tip portion of the capillary in the virtual image 61 when the height position Z of the capillary 24 is changed from Z 1 to Z 2.
- the distance along the y direction between the two lines decreases as the height position Z of the capillary 24 approaches the surface of the mirror 16. That is, as the height position Z of the capillary 24 approaches the surface of the mirror 16, the tip of the capillary 25 and the tip of the capillary in the virtual image 61 gradually approach each other. At the landing point, the tip of the capillary 25 and the tip of the capillary in the virtual image 61 should be in contact with each other. Therefore, if the position of the intersection point P between the line connecting y 11 and y 21 and the line connecting y 12 and y 22 is calculated, this is the estimated position of the y position at the landing point. In this way, the y position at the landing point is calculated.
- a line connecting y 1R and y 2R indicates a change in the position of the reference mark 19 when the height position Z of the capillary 24 is changed from Z 1 to Z 2. This change is almost negligible. . This is because the reference mark 18 is carved on the surface of the mirror 16 and is not related to the lowering of the capillary 24.
- ⁇ y is the value of the calibration process of the offset interval D 0 performed in S10 and S12. Indicates an error. That is, since the estimated contact position at which the capillary 24 contacts the mirror 16 when the capillary 24 continues to move down by the calibration process of the offset interval D 0 is the position of the reference mark 18, ⁇ y is the offset interval D 0 . This is the amount of offset change in bonding that occurs based on the error in the calibration process. Similarly, ⁇ x that is an error in the calibration process of the offset interval D 0 in the x direction can also be obtained.
- the difference ⁇ y from the position of the reference mark 18 is fed back to correct the offset movement, and the bonding process is performed under the correction. That is, in the bonding process, the XY stage 15 is moved and driven to position the center coordinates of the visual field of the positioning camera 26 at a desired bonding position on the bonding object 8. Then moving the bonding head 20 is offset distance D 0, it lowers the capillary 24 at a position after the movement. This is the same as the offset movement in S12. In the offset movement in the bonding process, the difference ⁇ y is fed back and the movement amount is corrected to (D 0 + ⁇ y).
- the capillary 24 can be accurately landed at a desired bonding position in the bonding object.
- the ⁇ x is fed back, and the bonding head 20 can be corrected by moving it by ⁇ x.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams illustrating an example in which the virtual image 60 of the capillary 24 reflected on the mirror 16 is not used.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the shadow image 64 of the capillary 24 when the illumination device 28 is turned on without using the virtual image 60 of the capillary 24 is used.
- FIG. 4 (a) the is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 (a), the here, the height position Z of the tip of the capillary 24 and the state when the Z 2 when Z 1 Overlaid.
- the mirror 16 can be used as it is, but a plane object suitable for receiving the shadow image of the capillary 24 can be used.
- a diffusion plate 62 having an appropriate roughness instead of a mirror surface, a regular reflection according to the law of reflection even when light hits, and a diffusing surface-like surface that causes scattering and diffusion according to the roughness is provided. Can be used.
- the diffusion plate 62 is mounted on the upper surface of the transport rail 14 of the bonding stage 13 instead of the mirror 16.
- a general flat plate provided with the reference mark 18 can be used as the diffusion plate 62.
- the oblique optical system 30 captures the capillary 24 and the shadow image 64 on the diffusion plate 62 with the imaging camera via the telecentric optical system 32.
- the imaged imaging surface 34 is the same as that shown in FIGS. 4B and 5B. Even in this case, as the capillary 24 approaches the upper surface of the diffusion plate 62, the position of the tip of the capillary 25 and the position of the tip of the capillary of the shadow image 64 gradually approach on the imaging surface 34.
- the landing point position can be estimated from the two height positions and the four coordinate positions obtained on the imaging surface 34.
- FIG. 8 shows the imaging surface 34 of the oblique optical system 30 when the shadow image 64 of the capillary 24 is received on the mirror-like or diffusing surface of the semiconductor device 66.
- the illumination device 28 is turned on, and the shadow image 64 of the capillary 24 is received by the semiconductor device 66.
- the positioning pattern 68 of the semiconductor device 66 can be used.
- a characteristic pattern such as the pad 69 on the semiconductor device 66 can be used as the reference mark 18 without using the positioning pattern 68.
- a special reference member is obtained by imaging the characteristic pattern with the oblique optical system 30. Therefore, it is not necessary to position the positioning camera 26 with respect to the special reference member.
- the bonding apparatus 10 is a wire bonding apparatus and the capillary 24 is described as a bonding tool.
- the bonding apparatus may be a die bonding apparatus or a flip chip mounting apparatus, and the bonding tool may be a die bonding tool or a flip chip. You can also use the tool.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an arrangement relationship of each element when the landing point position is estimated using the oblique optical system 30 in the flip chip mounting apparatus 70.
- FIG. 9A is a view of the flip chip mounting apparatus 70 provided with the intermediate stage 76 in the XZ plane
- FIG. 9B is a view showing the arrangement of the flip chip tool 72 and the mirror 16. It is also possible to use a diffusion plate 62 or the like instead of the mirror 16.
- the flip chip mounting apparatus 70 picks up one bumped chip from the wafer 74 on which the bumps are formed, conveys the chip to the intermediate stage 76, and reverses the front and back thereof so that the bump forming surface faces downward.
- the chip with bumps in this state is held by the flip chip tool 72, mounting is performed with respect to the pad on the substrate 80 using the rear camera 78, and the flip chip tool 72 is lowered to perform mounting.
- the landing point position of the flip chip tool 72 can be estimated using the reference mark-attached 18 and the oblique optical system 30.
- the mirror 16 is arranged in front of the substrate 80 and projects a shadow image 82 of the flip chip tool 72 on the mirror 16 and is observed together with the flip chip tool 72 by the oblique optical system 30. To do.
- the procedure for estimating the landing point position is the same as that described with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an arrangement relationship of each element when the landing point position is estimated using the oblique optical system 30 in the die bonding apparatus 71.
- 10A is different from FIG. 9A in that the intermediate stage 76 shown in FIG. 9A is not provided.
- FIG. 10B is a diagram showing the arrangement of the same die bonding apparatus tool 72 as the flip chip tool 72 and the mirror 16. It is also possible to use a diffusion plate 62 or the like instead of the mirror 16.
- the telecentric optical system 32 is used to make the magnification between the object to be imaged and the projected image of the imaging surface 34 constant.
- the magnification is far from the depth of field, the blur becomes large. A method capable of suppressing blur on the imaging surface 34 due to the difference in optical path length will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an oblique optical system using the first optical system 90 that satisfies the conditions of the Scheinproof principle.
- the principle of Scheinproof is that when the image plane and the main surface of the lens meet on a single straight line, the object in focus also crosses the same straight line.
- a shadow image 64 of the capillary 24 that extends long in the X direction on the diffusion plate 62 is shown as an example of an object having a different optical path length from the imaging surface 34. Therefore, the object to be focused is the diffusion plate 62 on which the shadow image 64 of the capillary 24 is projected.
- a Scheimpflug condition for focusing the entire shadow image 64 is that the surface of the diffusion plate 62, the main surface of the lens 92, and the imaging surface 94 of the lens 92 intersect with one straight line 96. .
- the imaging surface 94 by the lens 92 is as follows, the entire shadow image 64 on the surface of the diffusion plate 62 can be brought into focus on the imaging surface 94. That is, the imaging plane 94 is arranged so that the straight line 96 where the imaging plane 94 by the lens 92 intersects with the diffusion plate 62 coincides with the straight line 96 where the surface of the diffusion plate 62 and the main surface of the lens 92 intersect.
- the imaging surface 94 can be imaged via the telecentric optical system 32 and displayed on the imaging surface 34.
- a general optical system can be used instead of the telecentric optical system 32.
- a transmissive screen, a fiber optical plate, an image conduit, or the like can be used so that imaging can be performed from the side opposite to the side where the first optical system 90 is disposed.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the optical path length difference from the imaging surface 34 is compensated using an optical path length compensation element.
- a shadow image 64 of the capillary 24 that extends long in the X direction on the diffusion plate 62 is shown as an example of an object having a different optical path length from the imaging surface 34.
- a parallel plate glass 98 as an optical path length compensating element is disposed at a longer optical path length.
- An optical path length compensation element other than the parallel plate glass 98 may be provided.
- ⁇ L 0.34 mm.
- the distance that can be compensated is not very large, but it can be closer to the best and closer to the focus position.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram generally showing the operation of FIG. FIG. 13A is a diagram showing the optical path relationship
- FIG. 13B is a diagram showing a region on the imaging surface 34 that is in focus and a region that is out of focus and blurs.
- two objects 100 and 102 having different optical path lengths to the imaging surface 34 are shown.
- the object 100 at an appropriate distance as viewed from the imaging surface 34 is in focus.
- the region 104 is shown in focus.
- the object 102 at a distance farther than the object 100 when viewed from the imaging surface 34 is out of focus.
- the areas 106 and 108 outside the area 104 are areas that are out of focus.
- the parallel plate glass 98 for compensating the optical path length is disposed between the object 102 and the telecentric optical system 32, the area 108 is changed to an in-focus area on the imaging surface 34.
- the area 106 is left as an out-of-focus area. It is also possible to change the region 108 into a focused region using a parallel flat glass 98 having an appropriate shape. As described above, by using the parallel plate glass 98 for optical path length compensation, it is possible to reduce a region where the focus is not achieved on the imaging surface 34 of the oblique optical system 30.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
- ボンディング装置であって、
ボンディングヘッドに取り付けられるボンディングツールと、
前記ボンディングヘッドをXY方向に摺動自在に移動させるステージと、
前記ボンディングツールをXY平面に垂直なZ方向に自在に移動させるZ移動機構と、
前記ボンディングツールの下方に配置され、前記ボンディングツールに関する像を受け止める平面物体と、
前記ボンディングツールと前記平面物体を斜め上方から観測する斜め光学系と、
前記ボンディングツールの着地点位置を推定する処理を実行する制御部と、
を備え、
前記制御部は、
前記ボンディングツールをZ方向に沿って前記平面物体に接触しない範囲で所定の第1高さ位置まで下降させる工程と、
前記第1高さ位置において、前記斜め光学系で、前記ボンディングツールの先端部と、前記平面物体が受け止める前記ボンディングツールの先端部の前記像とを撮像し、撮像面上における前記ボンディングツールの先端部の位置A11と前記ボンディングツールの先端部の前記像の位置をA12として算出する工程と、
前記ボンディングツールを前記平面物体に接触しない範囲で前記第1高さ位置よりも低い第2高さ位置まで下降させる工程と、
前記第2高さ位置において、前記斜め光学系で、前記ボンディングツールの先端部と、前記平面物体が受け止める前記ボンディングツールの先端部の前記像とを撮像し、前記撮像面上における前記ボンディングツールの先端部の位置A21と前記ボンディングツールの先端部の前記像の位置をA22として算出する工程と、
算出されたA11,A12,A21,A22の4つの位置データと、前記第1高さ位置と前記第2高さ位置とに基づいて、前記ボンディング対象物に対する前記ボンディングツールの前記着地点位置を推定する工程と、
を実行可能に構成される、ボンディング装置。 - 請求項1に記載のボンディング装置において、
前記平面物体は、ミラーであり、
前記ミラーが受け止める前記ボンディングツールに関する前記像は、前記ミラーに映る前記ボンディングツールの虚像である、ボンディング装置。 - 請求項1に記載のボンディング装置において、
前記平面物体は、鏡面状または拡散面状の表面にパターンを有する前記ボンディング対象物である、
ボンディング装置。 - 請求項1から3のいずれか1に記載のボンディング装置において、
前記ボンディングツールを挟んで前記斜め光学系と反対側の斜め上方から照明する照明装置を備え、
前記平面物体は、前記照明装置によって照明された前記ボンディングツールの影の像を受け止める平板であり、
前記斜め光学系は、前記ボンディングツールの先端部と、前記平面物体が受け止める前記ボンディングツールの先端部の前記影の像とを撮像する、ボンディング装置。 - 請求項1に記載のボンディング装置において、
前記ボンディングツールは、ワイヤボンディング処理を行うキャピラリ、またはダイボンディング処理を行うツール、またはフリップチップ実装処理を行うツールのいずれか1つである、ボンディング装置。 - 請求項1に記載のボンディング装置において、
前記斜め光学系は、
前記ボンディングツールと前記平面物体に対しシャインプルーフ条件を満たすレンズと投影面とを有する前段光学系を含み、
前記前段光学系の投影面上の像をテレセントリック光学系で撮像する、ボンディング装置。 - 請求項1に記載のボンディング装置において、
前記斜め光学系は、
前記ボンディングツールの先端部と、前記平面物体が受け止める前記ボンディングツールの先端部の前記像とのいずれか一方について、互いの光路長を同じとなるように調整する光路長補償光学素子を用いる、ボンディング装置。 - 請求項1に記載のボンディング装置において、
前記ボンディングツールと所定のオフセット距離だけ離れて前記ボンディングヘッドに取り付けられる位置決めカメラをさらに含み、
前記平面物体は、位置決めの基準となる基準パターンを有し、
前記制御部は、
前記平面物体における前記基準パターンの位置を前記位置決めカメラで検出し、
前記検出された前記基準パターンの位置から前記所定のオフセット距離だけ前記ボンディングツールを移動させる、ボンディング装置。 - 請求項8に記載のボンディング装置において、
前記制御部は、前記基準パターンの位置と前記推定された着地点位置の差分から、ボンディングにおいて生じるボンディングオフセットの変化を検知する、ボンディング装置。 - 請求項9に記載のボンディング装置において、
前記制御部は、前記検知したボンディングオフセットの変化量をフィードバックしてボンディングを行う、ボンディング装置。 - 請求項10に記載のボンディング装置において、
前記平面物体上の基準パターンに代えて、ボンディングを行う半導体デバイスのパターンを前記位置決めのための基準パターンとして用いる、ボンディング装置。 - ボンディングツールの着地点位置を推定する方法であって、
ボンディングヘッドに取り付けられるボンディングツールと、
前記ボンディングヘッドをXY方向に摺動自在に移動させるステージと、
前記ボンディングツールをXY平面に垂直なZ方向に自在に移動させるZ移動機構と、
前記ボンディングツールの下方に配置され、前記ボンディングツールに関する像を受け止める平面物体と、
前記ボンディングツールと前記平面物体を斜め上方から観測する斜め光学系と、
前記ボンディングツールの着地点位置を推定する処理を実行する制御部と、
を備えるボンディング装置を準備する工程と、
前記制御部は、
前記ボンディングツールをZ方向に沿って前記平面物体に接触しない範囲で所定の第1高さ位置まで下降させる工程と、
前記第1高さ位置において、前記斜め光学系が備えるカメラで、前記ボンディングツールの先端部と、前記平面物体が受け止める前記ボンディングツールの先端部の前記像とを撮像し、撮像面上における前記ボンディングツールの先端部の位置A11と前記ボンディングツールの先端部の前記像の位置をA12として算出する工程と、
前記制御部により、前記ボンディングツールを前記平面物体に接触しない範囲で前記第1高さ位置よりも低い第2高さ位置まで下降させる工程と、
前記第2高さ位置において、前記斜め光学系が備えるにカメラで、前記ボンディングツールの先端部と、前記平面物体が受け止める前記ボンディングツールの先端部の前記像とを撮像し、前記制御部により、前記撮像面上における前記ボンディングツールの先端部の位置A21と前記ボンディングツールの先端部の前記像の位置をA22として算出する工程と、
算出されたA11,A12,A21,A22の4つの位置データと、前記第1高さ位置と前記第2高さ位置とに基づいて、前記ボンディング対象物に対する前記ボンディングツールの前記着地点位置を推定する工程と、
を含む、ボンディングツールの着地点位置を推定する方法。
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| SG11201610377RA SG11201610377RA (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2015-06-09 | Bonding device and method for estimating landing point position of bonding tool |
| KR1020177000435A KR101911779B1 (ko) | 2014-06-10 | 2015-06-09 | 본딩 장치 및 본딩 툴의 착지점 위치를 추정하는 방법 |
| JP2016527814A JP6240866B2 (ja) | 2014-06-10 | 2015-06-09 | ボンディング装置及びボンディングツールの着地点位置を推定する方法 |
| CN201580042417.7A CN106575627B (zh) | 2014-06-10 | 2015-06-09 | 接合装置以及推估接合工具的落点位置的方法 |
| US15/373,982 US10586781B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2016-12-09 | Bonding apparatus and method of estimating position of landing point of bonding tool |
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- 2015-06-09 KR KR1020177000435A patent/KR101911779B1/ko active Active
- 2015-06-09 SG SG11201610377RA patent/SG11201610377RA/en unknown
- 2015-06-09 CN CN201580042417.7A patent/CN106575627B/zh active Active
- 2015-06-09 WO PCT/JP2015/066580 patent/WO2015190471A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110249199A (zh) * | 2016-11-24 | 2019-09-17 | 株式会社新川 | 接合装置以及被摄体的高度检测方法 |
| WO2023089660A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-05-25 | 株式会社新川 | 実装装置、実装方法および実装制御プログラム |
| JPWO2023089657A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-05-25 | ||
| WO2023089657A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-05-25 | 株式会社新川 | 実装装置、実装方法および実装制御プログラム |
| JP7356199B1 (ja) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-10-04 | 株式会社新川 | 実装装置、実装方法および実装制御プログラム |
| JP7396741B2 (ja) | 2021-11-16 | 2023-12-12 | 株式会社新川 | 実装装置、実装方法および実装制御プログラム |
| TWI849557B (zh) * | 2021-11-16 | 2024-07-21 | 日商新川股份有限公司 | 安裝裝置、安裝方法及電腦可讀取記錄媒體 |
| WO2026009872A1 (ja) * | 2024-07-02 | 2026-01-08 | ヤマハロボティクスホールディングス株式会社 | 実装装置、実装方法及び実装制御プログラム |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106575627B (zh) | 2019-01-22 |
| SG11201610377RA (en) | 2017-01-27 |
| US10586781B2 (en) | 2020-03-10 |
| JP6240866B2 (ja) | 2017-12-06 |
| KR20170015488A (ko) | 2017-02-08 |
| KR101911779B1 (ko) | 2018-10-26 |
| JPWO2015190471A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
| TW201603935A (zh) | 2016-02-01 |
| TWI580511B (zh) | 2017-05-01 |
| US20170154864A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
| CN106575627A (zh) | 2017-04-19 |
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