WO2015012014A1 - 偏光板及びva型液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
偏光板及びva型液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015012014A1 WO2015012014A1 PCT/JP2014/065692 JP2014065692W WO2015012014A1 WO 2015012014 A1 WO2015012014 A1 WO 2015012014A1 JP 2014065692 W JP2014065692 W JP 2014065692W WO 2015012014 A1 WO2015012014 A1 WO 2015012014A1
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- polarizing plate
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- film
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- 0 *(c1ccccc1)c1c(*c2c(*c3ccccc3)cccc2)cccc1 Chemical compound *(c1ccccc1)c1c(*c2c(*c3ccccc3)cccc2)cccc1 0.000 description 5
- SXZLQYGLTDVCBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-c1n[nH]c(-c2cc(-c3nc(-c4ccccc4)n[nH]3)ccc2)n1 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-c1n[nH]c(-c2cc(-c3nc(-c4ccccc4)n[nH]3)ccc2)n1 SXZLQYGLTDVCBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YKGKJBCNCHGOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-c1n[n-]c(-c2cccc(-c3nc(-c4ccccc4)n[n-]3)c2)n1 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-c1n[n-]c(-c2cccc(-c3nc(-c4ccccc4)n[n-]3)c2)n1 YKGKJBCNCHGOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08K5/103—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/10—Esters of organic acids, i.e. acylates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polarizing plate and a VA (Virtual Alignment) type liquid crystal display device using the polarizing plate, more specifically, by using an acrylic active energy ray curable adhesive,
- the present invention relates to a polarizing plate capable of maintaining strong adhesiveness even when exposed to a high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time, and a VA liquid crystal display device using the polarizing plate without causing color unevenness.
- the liquid crystal display device usually has a liquid crystal cell and a pair of polarizing plates sandwiching the liquid crystal cell.
- the polarizing plate has a polarizer and a pair of protective films that sandwich the polarizer.
- polarizer constituting the polarizing plate for example, an iodine-based polarizer obtained by stretching a polyvinyl alcohol film adsorbed with iodine is widely used because of its high transmittance and degree of polarization.
- the polarizing plate is generally obtained by laminating a polarizer and a protective film through an aqueous adhesive in which a polyvinyl alcohol compound is dissolved in water.
- a protective film used with such an aqueous adhesive a cellulose ester film is preferably used. This is because the cellulose ester film not only has high water vapor permeability, but also can be well bonded to the polarizer by saponifying and hydrophilizing the film surface by immersing in an alkaline aqueous solution.
- the polarizing plate produced using a water-based adhesive has problems such as large dimensional change at high temperatures and high temperatures and high humidity.
- a polarizing plate manufactured using a water-based adhesive is likely to undergo dimensional changes due to the heat of the backlight or the temperature. Therefore, there is a problem that light leakage occurs in a part of the screen of the liquid crystal display device and color unevenness occurs.
- an active energy ray curable adhesive particularly an ultraviolet curable adhesive
- an ultraviolet curable adhesive in which an acrylic oligomer such as epoxy acrylate, urethane acrylate, or polyester acrylate is diluted with an acrylic or methacrylic monomer has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- an adhesive containing a specific monofunctional monomer and a polyfunctional monomer having a (meth) acrylamide group has been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).
- the thickness of the adhesive layer of the active energy ray-curable adhesive is preferably as thin as possible with 1.0 ⁇ m or less. This is because when the adhesive layer is cured by ultraviolet rays, the adhesive layer is also absorbable in the visible light region. Therefore, when the adhesive layer is thick, the yellow color is conspicuous and affects the optical properties. Furthermore, compared with the conventional water-based adhesive, the active energy ray-curable adhesive is expensive, and further thinning is desired from the viewpoint of cost reduction.
- a cellulose ester-based protective film having a small thickness direction retardation (also referred to as “retardation”) to eliminate optical coloring of the polarizer.
- a cellulose ester-based protective film an acyl group-substituted cellulose having a controlled acyl group substitution degree is used as a material.
- the acetyl group substitution degree is 1.8 to 2.7
- the propionyl group substitution degree is 0.
- An acyl group-substituted cellulose ester-based protective film controlled to 1 to 1.0 is used.
- a cellulose ester polymer obtained by adding a plasticizer such as polyester to the cellulose ester polymer is preferably used (for example, see Patent Document 3). .
- cellulose ester-based protective films substituted with propionyl groups and cellulose ester-based protective films to which plasticizers are added are highly soluble in highly polar acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesives.
- the adhesive was combined with the system protective film, the surface of the protective film was swollen and dissolved in the bonding step, and the thin adhesive layer disappeared, so that sufficient adhesion could not be obtained.
- the acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive is applied to a thin film uniformly with a thickness of less than 1.0 ⁇ m, the cellulose ester protective film and the polarizer are firmly bonded, and in a high temperature and high humidity environment. Even if it is exposed to a long time, a polarizing plate having good adhesion is strongly desired.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems and situations, and the problem to be solved is that even when a thin layer of an acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive having a thickness of less than 1.0 ⁇ m is used, polarized light is used.
- a polarizing plate that can be firmly bonded in the bonding between the optical element and the retardation film, and can maintain strong adhesiveness even when exposed to a high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time, and the polarizing plate
- An object of the present invention is to provide a VA liquid crystal display device using a polarizing plate and having no color unevenness.
- the present inventor from the resin composition containing cellulose ester and a compound that suppresses the permeability of the acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive in the process of examining the cause of the above-mentioned problem
- the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by using a retardation film as a polarizing plate, and have reached the present invention.
- the retardation film and the protective film are each a polarizing plate bonded opposite to one of the surfaces of the polarizer, The polarizer and the retardation film are bonded with an acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive,
- the retardation film includes at least a cellulose ester, A compound that suppresses the permeability of the acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive;
- a retardation film produced from a resin composition containing The acyl group substitution degree of the cellulose ester satisfies the following formula (I),
- the penetration depth of the test solution when 4-hydroxydibutyl acrylate is used as the test solution for evaluating the permeability of the acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive into the retardation film,
- a polarizing plate characterized by being in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m at 50 ° C. for 30 seconds.
- the retardation film has an in-plane retardation value Ro in a range of 40 nm ⁇
- the retardation value Rt is in the range of 100 nm ⁇
- Item 1 or Item 2 is characterized in that the compound that suppresses the permeability of the acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive is a polyhydric alcohol ester having a structure represented by the following general formula (1).
- B 1 -G 1 -B 2 (In the general formula (1), B 1 and B 2 each independently represent an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residue or an aromatic monocarboxylic acid residue. G 1 has 2 to 12 carbon atoms. Represents an alkylene glycol residue having a straight-chain or branched structure.
- B 1 and B 2 in the polyhydric alcohol ester having the structure represented by the general formula (1) are both aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residues having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. 4.
- Item 5 The polarizing plate according to Item 3 or 4, wherein the content of the polyhydric alcohol ester is in the range of 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cellulose ester.
- a 1 and A 2 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or an aromatic heterocyclic group.
- B is an aromatic hydrocarbon.
- T 1 and T 2 each independently represent a 1,2,4-triazole ring, L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 each independently represent a single bond Alternatively, it represents a divalent linking group, and n represents an integer of 0 to 5.
- Item 6 or Item 6 is characterized in that the content of the compound having a 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic group is in the range of 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cellulose ester. 8.
- Item 10 The polarizing plate according to Item 9, wherein the sugar ester content is in the range of 1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cellulose ester.
- acrylic curable adhesive having a thickness of less than 1.0 ⁇ m (hereinafter also simply referred to as “acrylic curable adhesive”) is used by the above means of the present invention.
- a polarizing plate that can be firmly bonded in the bonding between the polarizer and the retardation film, and can maintain strong adhesiveness even when exposed to a high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time.
- a cellulose ester-based protective film is formed from a resin composition containing polyester and sugar ester in addition to cellulose ester.
- a polarizer also referred to as a polarizing film
- a cellulose ester protective film substituted with a propionyl group or a cellulose ester protective film to which a plasticizer is added are highly polar acrylic Because of its high solubility in curable adhesives, when the adhesive is combined with the above cellulose ester-based protective film, the surface of the protective film swells and dissolves in the bonding process, and the thin adhesive layer disappears. A sufficient adhesion could not be obtained.
- the acrylic curable adhesive is prevented from penetrating into the film. Can do. As a result, the amount of the acrylic curable adhesive remaining on the film is increased, and more adhesive is present in the vicinity of the film surface, which makes it possible to firmly adhere to the polarizer. .
- the reason why the penetration of the acrylic curable adhesive into the film is suppressed by adding the polyhydric alcohol ester having the structure represented by the general formula (1) is not clear, but is as follows.
- the mechanism is estimated.
- the polyhydric alcohol ester used in the present invention is highly hydrophobic and has a characteristic of poor compatibility with an acrylic curable adhesive. For this reason, it can be estimated that the penetration of the acrylic curable adhesive is suppressed by the presence of the polyhydric alcohol ester in the film. In this invention, even if the addition amount was a small addition amount of 10 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cellulose ester, a particularly great effect was exhibited.
- the second reason is that the molecular weight of the polyhydric alcohol ester is small, and even though it is hydrophobic, it has a polar group called ester and has a site that interacts with cellulose. It is estimated that the effect is further enhanced.
- the retardation film according to the present invention is generally produced by dissolving in a solvent.
- the polyhydric alcohol ester has a low molecular weight and is hydrophobic, and thus has high affinity with the solvent. It is estimated that the film moves to the film surface side simultaneously with the drying of the solvent and is unevenly distributed on the outermost surface of the film.
- the compound that suppresses the permeability of the acrylic curable adhesive does not have a polar group such as an ester, the interaction with cellulose is small, and it flows out from the film surface to the outside of the film as it is to cause bleed out. .
- the polyhydric alcohol ester used in the present invention has a small molecular weight, is hydrophobic, and has an ester group. It is considered that a film having excellent quality that suppresses the permeability of the mold adhesive and does not cause bleed-out or the like can be obtained.
- the schematic diagram which shows an example of a structure of the VA type liquid crystal display device using the polarizing plate of this invention.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention is a polarizing plate in which a retardation film and a protective film are bonded to face either one of the polarizers, respectively.
- the polarizer and the retardation film are bonded with an acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive
- the retardation film includes at least a cellulose ester, A compound that suppresses the permeability of the acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive;
- a retardation film produced from a resin composition containing The acyl group substitution degree of the cellulose ester satisfies the following formula (I),
- the penetration depth of the test solution when 4-hydroxydibutyl acrylate is used as the test solution for evaluating the permeability of the acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive into the retardation film, It is characterized by being in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m at 50 ° C. for 30 seconds.
- the retardation film has an in-plane retardation value Ro of 40 nm ⁇
- the compound which suppresses the permeability of the acrylic curable adhesive is a polyhydric alcohol ester having a structure represented by the general formula (1), so that the permeability of the acrylic curable adhesive is improved. This is preferable because the effect of inhibiting is excellent.
- B 1 and B 2 in the polyhydric alcohol ester having the structure represented by the general formula (1) are both aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residues having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. It is preferable that there is an effect of suppressing the permeability of the acrylic curable adhesive.
- the content of the polyhydric alcohol ester is in the range of 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cellulose ester, the effect of suppressing the permeability of the acrylic curable adhesive is sufficiently exhibited. This is preferable.
- the resin composition contains a compound having a 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic group because it has an effect of suppressing the fluctuation of the retardation value with respect to the fluctuation of the moisture content. .
- the compound having a 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic group is a compound having a structure represented by the general formula (2), so that the fluctuation of the retardation value with respect to the fluctuation of the moisture content This is preferable because of the large effect of suppressing the above.
- the content of the compound having a 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic group is within the range of 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cellulose ester, with respect to fluctuations in water content. Therefore, the effect of suppressing the fluctuation of the phase difference value can be sufficiently exhibited, which is preferable.
- the resin composition contains a sugar ester because the plasticizing effect is excellent.
- the content of the sugar ester is preferably in the range of 1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cellulose ester because a sufficient plasticizing effect is obtained.
- the polarizing plate can be suitably used for a VA liquid crystal display device.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention is a polarizing plate in which a retardation film and a protective film are respectively bonded to face one of the polarizers, and the polarizer and the retardation film are acrylic. From the resin composition containing at least a cellulose ester and a compound that suppresses the permeability of the acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive.
- the produced retardation film has an acyl group substitution degree of the cellulose ester satisfying the following formula (I), and evaluates the permeability of the acrylic active energy ray-curable adhesive into the retardation film.
- the penetration depth of the test solution is in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m at 50 ° C. for 30 seconds. It is a feature is.
- the retardation film according to the present invention is a retardation film having a viewing angle widening effect, and is a retardation film used for a polarizing plate for the purpose of improving the viewing angle characteristics of a VA liquid crystal display device. Moreover, generally it also has a function as a protective film of a polarizing plate.
- the retardation film according to the present invention is a retardation film formed from a resin composition containing a cellulose ester and a compound that suppresses the permeability of an acrylic curable adhesive.
- the cellulose ester used in the retardation film according to the present invention has an acyl group substitution degree that satisfies the following formula (I).
- X represents an acetyl group substitution degree
- Y represents a propionyl group substitution degree or a butyryl group substitution degree.
- acyl group substitution degree of the cellulose ester used in the present invention will be described below.
- Cellulose is a resin in which ⁇ -glucose is polymerized in a linear form with glycosidic bonds, and the glucose unit, which is a structural unit, has hydroxy groups at the 2nd, 3rd and 6th positions.
- the cellulose ester according to the present invention is a polymer obtained by esterifying a part of these hydroxy groups with an acyl group.
- Acyl group substitution degree represents the total ratio of esterification of the 2-, 3- and 6-position hydroxy groups of a glucose unit which is a repeating unit. Specifically, the degree of substitution is 1 when each of the hydroxyl groups at the 2nd, 3rd and 6th positions of glucose is 100% esterified. Therefore, when all the 2nd, 3rd and 6th positions of glucose constituting cellulose are 100% esterified, the total degree of substitution is 3 at the maximum.
- the acyl group examples include an acetyl group, a propionyl group, a butyryl group, and the like.
- the substitution rate with an acetyl group is represented by a substitution degree X
- the substitution rate by a propionyl group or a butyryl group is represented by a substitution degree Y.
- the portion not substituted with an acyl group is usually present as a hydroxy group.
- the total substitution degree of the acyl group in the glucose unit constituting the cellulose ester is represented by X + Y.
- cellulose ester a mixed fatty acid ester of cellulose having a propionate group or a butyrate group in addition to an acetyl group such as cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, or cellulose acetate propionate butyrate can be used. .
- butyryl group forming the butyrate may be linear or branched.
- cellulose esters having different degrees of substitution may be mixed and used.
- the mixing ratio is preferably 10:90 to 90:10 (mass ratio).
- the method for measuring the substitution degree of the acyl group can be measured according to ASTM-D817-96.
- the number average molecular weight of the cellulose ester used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 60,000 to 300,000, and the resulting film is preferably strong in mechanical strength. Furthermore, 70,000-200000 are preferably used.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw and number average molecular weight Mn of the cellulose ester were measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the measurement conditions are as follows.
- the cellulose used as a raw material of the cellulose ester used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cotton linter, wood pulp, and kenaf. Moreover, the cellulose ester obtained from them can be mixed and used in arbitrary ratios, respectively.
- the cellulose ester according to the present invention can be produced by a known method. Specifically, it can be synthesized with reference to the method described in JP-A-10-45804.
- cellulose is esterified by mixing cellulose as a raw material, a predetermined organic acid (such as acetic acid or propionic acid), an acid anhydride (such as acetic anhydride or propionic anhydride), and a catalyst (such as sulfuric acid). The reaction proceeds until the triester is formed. In the triester, the three hydroxy groups of the glucose unit are substituted with an acyl group of an organic acid.
- a mixed ester type cellulose ester for example, cellulose acetate propionate or cellulose acetate butyrate can be produced.
- a cellulose ester having a desired acyl group substitution degree is synthesized by hydrolyzing the cellulose triester. Thereafter, the cellulose ester can be obtained through steps such as filtration, precipitation, washing with water, dehydration, and drying.
- the mixed ester type cellulose ester used in the present invention can be synthesized using an acid anhydride or acid chloride as an acylating agent.
- an acylating agent is an acid anhydride
- an organic acid for example, acetic acid
- methylene chloride is used as a reaction solvent.
- an acidic catalyst such as sulfuric acid is used.
- the acylating agent is an acid chloride
- a basic compound is used as a catalyst.
- cellulose is esterified with a mixed organic acid component containing organic acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid) corresponding to acetyl group and propionyl group or their anhydrides to form cellulose ester. Synthesize.
- the amount of the acetylating agent, propionylating agent and butyrylating agent used is adjusted so that the ester to be synthesized falls within the range of the substitution degree described above.
- the amount of the reaction solvent used is preferably 100 to 1000 parts by mass, more preferably 200 to 600 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cellulose.
- the amount of the acidic catalyst used is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 0.4 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cellulose.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 10 to 120 ° C., more preferably 20 to 80 ° C.
- Other acylating agents and esterifying agents for example, sulfate esterifying agents
- the degree of substitution may be adjusted by hydrolysis (saponification) as necessary.
- the reaction mixture is separated using conventional means such as precipitation, washed and dried to obtain a mixed fatty acid ester of cellulose (for example, cellulose acetate propionate).
- a polyhydric alcohol ester having a structure represented by the following general formula (1) is preferable.
- B 1 -G 1 -B 2 each independently represent an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residue, or an aromatic monocarboxylic acid residue.
- G 1 represents an alkylene glycol residue having a linear or branched structure having 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- G 1 represents a divalent group derived from an alkylene glycol having a linear or branched structure having 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the divalent group derived from an alkylene glycol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms in G 1 include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propane Diol (neopentyl glycol), 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol (3,3-dimethylolpentane), 2-n-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol (3,3- Dimethylolheptane), 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanedi Derived
- B 1 and B 2 are each independently a monovalent group derived from an aromatic ring-containing monocarboxylic acid or an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid.
- the aromatic ring-containing monocarboxylic acid in the monovalent group derived from the aromatic ring-containing monocarboxylic acid is a carboxylic acid containing an aromatic ring in the molecule, and not only those in which the aromatic ring is directly bonded to a carboxy group, Also included are those in which an aromatic ring is bonded to a carboxy group via an alkylene group or the like.
- monovalent groups derived from aromatic ring-containing monocarboxylic acids include benzoic acid, para-tert-butyl benzoic acid, orthotoluic acid, metatoluic acid, p-toluic acid, dimethyl benzoic acid, ethyl benzoic acid, and normal propyl benzoic acid.
- Examples of monovalent groups derived from aliphatic monocarboxylic acids include monovalent groups derived from acetic acid, propionic acid, butanoic acid, caprylic acid, caproic acid, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and the like. Is included. Of these, a monovalent group derived from an alkyl monocarboxylic acid having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety is preferred, and an acetyl group (a monovalent group derived from acetic acid) is more preferred.
- polyhydric alcohol esters applicable to the present invention are shown below, but the present invention is not limited to these exemplified compounds.
- the polyhydric alcohol ester having the structure represented by the general formula (1) according to the present invention can be synthesized according to a conventionally known general synthesis method.
- the content of the polyhydric alcohol ester having the structure represented by the general formula (1) is preferably in the range of 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cellulose ester forming the retardation film. It is more preferably in the range of ⁇ 3 parts by mass, particularly preferably in the range of 1 to 2 parts by mass.
- an acrylic curable adhesive is produced by adding a polyhydric alcohol having a structure represented by the general formula (1) to the cellulose ester within the above range to produce a retardation film. Since it can suppress osmosis
- the test liquid when the permeability of the acrylic curable adhesive is 4-hydroxydibutyl acrylate as a test liquid for evaluating the permeability, the test liquid is at 50 ° C. for 30 seconds.
- Evaluation of the permeability of the acrylic curable adhesive into the retardation film can be performed with 4-hydroxydibutyl acrylate (hereinafter also referred to as “4HBA”) as a test solution in place of the acrylic curable adhesive. .
- 4HBA 4-hydroxydibutyl acrylate
- the penetration depth of 4HBA from the film surface after 30 seconds at 50 ° C. is in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.3 to 0.6 ⁇ m.
- an acrylic curable adhesive having a penetration depth into the cellulose ester film when the 4HBA test solution is used is within the above range. Therefore, it can be judged that good adhesion can be obtained.
- the acrylic curable adhesive can obtain stronger adhesiveness when it penetrates to the penetration depth.
- the invention of the present application has improved the adhesiveness by reducing the penetration depth as compared with the film containing no compound that suppresses penetration, and confirmed that the penetration depth of 1.0 ⁇ m or less is effective. Yes.
- the lower limit of 0.1 ⁇ m could be confirmed by experiments up to 0.1 ⁇ m, but less than 0.1 ⁇ m is a region not obtained by experiments and has not been confirmed. Therefore, in the claims, the present invention is within the range of 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m where the effectiveness has been confirmed.
- the penetration depth of the acrylic curable adhesive into the film can be measured by the following method.
- the irradiation conditions are as follows: bulb: V bulb, peak illuminance: 1600 mW / cm 2 , integrated irradiation amount (integrated light amount): 1000 mJ / cm 2 (wavelength 380 to 440 nm).
- the laminated film provided with the adhesive layer is measured by observing the penetration depth of the test solution by a cross-sectional observation measurement using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) (Transmission Electron Microscopy).
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the resin composition forming the retardation film according to the present invention is a compound having a 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic group in addition to a compound that suppresses penetration of at least a cellulose ester and an acrylic curable adhesive (hereinafter referred to as “a compound”). , “Also referred to as an aromatic heterocyclic compound”).
- Examples of the 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic group include a furan ring group, a thiophene ring group, a pyrrole ring group, a pyrazole ring group, an imidazole ring group, an oxazole ring group, and a 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring.
- 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring group isoxazole ring group
- thiazole ring group 1,2,4-thiadiazole ring group
- 1,3,4-thiadiazole ring group isothiazole ring group
- 1, Examples include 2,3-triazole ring group, 1,2,4-triazole ring group, pyridine ring group, pyrazine ring group, pyridazine ring group, pyrimidine ring group, and triazine ring group.
- a 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic group having at least one nitrogen atom is preferable, a 5-membered aromatic heterocyclic group having at least one nitrogen atom is preferable, and a 1,2,4-triazole ring Groups are preferred.
- a compound having an aromatic heterocyclic group Since a compound having an aromatic heterocyclic group has a polarized ⁇ electron, it interacts strongly with the hydrogen atom of the resin and coordinates more strongly with the resin than with the water molecule. It is considered that the fluctuation of the phase difference value is suppressed.
- a compound having a 1,2,4-triazole ring not only strongly coordinates with a resin but also has a strong interaction force with water molecules, and resin / 1,2,4-triazole compounds / water molecules are Since it is considered to have a stable structure, it is preferable because it is particularly excellent in suppressing the fluctuation of the retardation value.
- the retardation film according to the present invention particularly preferably contains a compound having a structure represented by the following general formula (2) as a compound having a 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic group.
- a 1 and A 2 are each independently an alkyl group (methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, tert-butyl group, n-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, etc.) Cycloalkyl group (cyclohexyl group, cyclopentyl group, 4-n-dodecylcyclohexyl group, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon ring group (phenyl group, p-tolyl group, naphthyl group, etc.), aromatic heterocyclic group (2-pyrrole) Group, 2-furyl group, 2-thienyl group, pyrrole group, imidazolyl group, oxazolyl group, thiazolyl group, benzimidazolyl group, benzoxazolyl group, 2-benzothiazolyl group, pyrazolinone group, pyridyl group, pyridinone group,
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon ring group and aromatic heterocyclic group represented by A 1 and A 2 may have a substituent.
- substituents include a halogen atom ( Fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, etc.), alkyl group (methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, tert-butyl group, n-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, etc.), cycloalkyl Groups (cyclohexyl group, cyclopentyl group, 4-n-dodecylcyclohexyl group, etc.), alkenyl groups (vinyl group, allyl group, etc.), cycloalkenyl groups (2-cyclopenten-1-yl, 2-cyclohexen-1-yl group, etc.) ), Alkynyl group (ethyny
- a 1 and A 2 are each an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or an aromatic heterocyclic group, and can easily interact with the cellulose derivative. This is preferable because fluctuation is suppressed.
- B represents an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon ring represented by B may be a single ring or a condensed ring.
- Preferred examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon ring include benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, phenanthrene ring, perylene ring, tetracene ring, pyrene ring, benzopyrene ring, chrysene ring, triphenylene ring, acenaphthene ring, fluoranthene ring, fluorene ring, etc. More preferably, it is a benzene ring.
- the aromatic heterocycle represented by B is preferably a furan ring, a benzofuran ring, a thiophene ring, a benzothiophene ring, a pyrrole ring, a pyrazole ring, an imidazole ring, an oxazole ring, 1, 2, 4-oxadiazole ring, 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, isoxazole ring, thiazole ring, 1,2,4-thiadiazole ring, 1,3,4-thiadiazole ring, isothiazole ring, indole ring, A carbazole ring, an azacarbazole ring (an azacarbazole ring means one or more carbon atoms constituting the carbazole ring replaced by a nitrogen atom), a 1,2,3-triazole ring, 1,2,4- Triazole ring, pyrroloimidazole ring, pyrrolopyrazole ring, pyrrolo
- the aromatic hydrocarbon ring or aromatic heterocycle represented by B may have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include A 1 and A 2 in the general formula (2).
- the group similar to the substituent which you may have can be mentioned.
- T 1 and T 2 each independently represents a 1,2,4-triazole ring.
- the 1,2,4-triazole ring represented by T 1 and T 2 may be a tautomer. Specifically, any of the following structures represents a 1,2,4-triazole ring.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- the substituent represented by R 1 includes the above-mentioned general formula. include the same groups as the substituent that may be possessed by a 1 in (2) .
- R 1 is hydrogen atom is preferably an alkyl group or an acyl group.
- T 1 and T 2 may have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include the substituent that A 1 and A 2 in the general formula (2) may have Similar groups can be mentioned.
- L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 each independently represent a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group include an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, an alkynylene group, O, (C ⁇ O), (C ⁇ O) —O, NR, S, and (O ⁇ S ⁇ O). It represents a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of these or a combination thereof.
- R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- Examples of the substituent represented by R include an alkyl group (methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, tert-butyl group, n-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, etc.), cycloalkyl group ( Cyclohexyl group, cyclopentyl group, 4-n-dodecylcyclohexyl group, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon ring group (phenyl group, p-tolyl group, naphthyl group, etc.), aromatic heterocyclic group (2-furyl group, 2-thienyl group, etc.) Group, 2-pyrimidinyl group, 2-benzothiazolyl group, 2-pyridyl group, etc.), cyano group and the like.
- the divalent linking group represented by L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 may have a substituent, and the substituent is not particularly limited. For example, A in the general formula (2)
- L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 can interact with the cellulose derivative by increasing the planarity of the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (2). Since the fluctuation of the phase difference value according to the change in environmental humidity is suppressed, a single bond, O, (C ⁇ O) —O, O— (C ⁇ O), (C ⁇ O) —NR or NR— (C ⁇ O) is preferable, and a single bond is more preferable.
- n represents an integer of 0 to 5.
- the plurality of A 2 , T 2 , L 3 and L 4 in the general formula (2) may be the same or different.
- a larger n is preferable because the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (2) is more likely to interact with the cellulose derivative, so that fluctuations in optical values with respect to changes in environmental humidity are suppressed. When it becomes too much, compatibility with a cellulose ester will worsen. Therefore, n is preferably an integer of 1 to 5, more preferably an integer of 1 to 4.
- the compound having a structure represented by the general formula (2) is preferably a compound having a structure represented by the following general formula (3).
- a 1 , A 2 , T 1 , T 2 , L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 are respectively A 1 , A 2 , T 1 , T 2, L 1, is synonymous with L 2, L 3 and L 4.
- a 3 and T 3 represent the same groups as A 1 and T 1 in the general formula (2), respectively.
- L 5 and L 6 represent the same group as L 1 in the general formula (2).
- Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 and Q 4 represent a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.
- m represents an integer of 0 to 4. The smaller m is, the better the compatibility with the cellulose ester is. Therefore, m is more preferably an integer of 0 to 3.
- the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (2) may form a hydrate, a solvate or a salt.
- the hydrate may contain an organic solvent
- the solvate may contain water. That is, “hydrate” and “solvate” include mixed solvates containing both water and organic solvents.
- Salts include acid addition salts formed with inorganic or organic acids. Examples of inorganic acids include, but are not limited to, hydrohalic acids (hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, etc.), sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like.
- organic acids examples include acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, alkylsulfonic acid (methanesulfonic acid, etc.), allylsulfonic acid (benzenesulfonic acid, 4-toluene) Sulfonic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, and the like), but are not limited thereto.
- hydrochloride, acetate, propionate and butyrate are preferable.
- salts include acidic moieties present in the parent compound that are metal ions (eg, alkali metal salts such as sodium or potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium or magnesium salts, ammonium salts, alkali metal ions, alkaline earths). Salts formed by substitution with organic bases (such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, morpholine, piperidine), and the like. It is not limited. Of these, sodium salts and potassium salts are preferred.
- metal ions eg, alkali metal salts such as sodium or potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium or magnesium salts, ammonium salts, alkali metal ions, alkaline earths.
- organic bases such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, morpholine, piperidine
- Examples of the solvent contained in the solvate include any common organic solvent. Specifically, alcohol (eg, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, t-butanol), ester (eg, ethyl acetate), hydrocarbon (eg, toluene, hexane) , Heptane), ether (eg, tetrahydrofuran), nitrile (eg, acetonitrile), ketone (eg, acetone) and the like.
- alcohol eg, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, t-butanol
- ester eg, ethyl acetate
- hydrocarbon eg, toluene, hexane
- Heptane Heptane
- ether eg, tetrahydrofuran
- solvates of alcohols eg, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, t-butanol.
- solvents may be a reaction solvent used at the time of synthesizing the compound, a solvent used at the time of crystallization purification after synthesis, or a mixture thereof.
- two or more kinds of solvents may be included at the same time, or a form containing water and a solvent (for example, water and alcohol (for example, methanol, ethanol, t-butanol, etc.)) may be used.
- a solvent for example, water and alcohol (for example, methanol, ethanol, t-butanol, etc.)
- the molecular weight of the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (2) is not particularly limited. 150 to 2000 is preferable, 200 to 1500 is more preferable, and 300 to 1000 is more preferable.
- the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (2) includes the following specific examples. There is no limitation by example. As described above, the following specific examples may be tautomers, and may form hydrates, solvates or salts.
- the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (2) may use any raw material, but a method of reacting a nitrile derivative or imino ether derivative with a hydrazide derivative is preferable.
- the solvent used in the reaction may be any solvent as long as it does not react with the raw material, but may be an ester type (eg, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, etc.), an amide type (eg, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc.), Ether type (for example, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether), alcohol type (for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon type (for example, Toluene, xylene, etc.) and water.
- an alcohol solvent is preferable. These solvents may be used as a mixture.
- the amount of the solvent used is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 30 times the amount of the hydrazide derivative used, more preferably 1.0 to 25 times the amount. Yes, particularly preferably in the range of 3.0 to 20 times the amount.
- a catalyst When reacting a nitrile derivative and a hydrazide derivative, it is not necessary to use a catalyst, but it is preferable to use a catalyst in order to accelerate the reaction.
- a catalyst to be used an acid may be used and a base may be used.
- the acid include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid and the like, preferably hydrochloric acid.
- the acid may be added after diluted in water, or may be added by a method of blowing a gas into the system.
- Bases include inorganic bases (potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.) and organic bases (sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, potassium methylate, potassium ethylate, Sodium butyrate, potassium butyrate, diisopropylethylamine, N, N′-dimethylaminopyridine, 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane, N-methylmorpholine, imidazole, N-methylimidazole, pyridine, etc.) Any of them may be used, and the inorganic base is preferably potassium carbonate, and the organic base is preferably sodium ethylate, sodium ethylate or sodium butyrate.
- the inorganic base may be added as a powder or may be added in a state dispersed in a solvent.
- the organic base may be added in a state dissolved in a solvent (for example, a
- the amount of the catalyst used is not particularly limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but it is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 5.0 moles relative to the formed triazole ring, and more preferably 1.05 to 3. A range of 0-fold mole is preferable.
- the target product can be obtained by heating in a solvent.
- the addition method of the raw material, solvent and catalyst used for the reaction is not particularly limited, and the catalyst may be added last, or the solvent may be added last. Also preferred is a method of dispersing or dissolving a nitrile derivative in a solvent, adding a catalyst, and then adding a hydrazide derivative.
- the solution temperature during the reaction may be any temperature as long as the reaction proceeds, but is preferably in the range of 0 to 150 ° C., more preferably in the range of 20 to 140 ° C. Moreover, you may react, removing the water to produce
- any method may be used for treating the reaction solution, but when a base is used as a catalyst, a method of neutralizing the reaction solution by adding an acid is preferable.
- the acid used for neutralization include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and acetic acid. Acetic acid is particularly preferable.
- the amount of the acid used for neutralization is not particularly limited as long as the pH of the reaction solution is in the range of 4 to 9, but is preferably 0.1 to 3 moles, particularly preferably, relative to the base used. , In the range of 0.2 to 1.5 moles.
- the appropriate organic solvent is a water-insoluble solvent such as ethyl acetate, toluene, dichloromethane, ether, or a mixed solvent of the water-insoluble solvent and tetrahydrofuran or an alcohol solvent, preferably Ethyl acetate.
- the precipitate collected by filtration was dissolved in 80 ml of methanol, 300 ml of pure water was added, and acetic acid was added dropwise until the pH of the solution reached 7.
- the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration, washed with pure water, and blown dry at 50 ° C. to obtain 38.6 g of Exemplified Compound H-1.
- the yield was 70% based on benzoylhydrazine.
- the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (2) according to the present invention can be contained in the optical film by adjusting the amount as appropriate, and the addition amount forms the retardation film according to the present invention.
- the amount is preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 2 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the cellulose ester. If it is in this range, the fluctuation of the optical value depending on the change of the environmental humidity can be reduced without impairing the mechanical strength of the retardation film according to the present invention.
- the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (2) may be added as a powder to a resin forming a retardation film, and after dissolving in a solvent, an optical film is formed. It may be added to the resin.
- the retardation film according to the present invention preferably contains a sugar ester other than cellulose ester.
- a sugar ester By containing a sugar ester, the effect of plasticizing the cellulose ester can be obtained.
- the sugar ester used in the retardation film according to the present invention is a sugar ester in which at least one pyranose ring or furanose ring is 1 to 12 and all or part of the OH groups of the structure are esterified. Preferably there is.
- the sugar ester is a compound containing at least one of a furanose ring and a pyranose ring, and may be a monosaccharide or a polysaccharide having 2 to 12 sugar structures linked together.
- the sugar ester is preferably a compound in which at least one OH group of the sugar structure is esterified.
- the average ester substitution degree is more preferably in the range of 5.0 to 7.5.
- the sugar ester applicable to the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include sugar esters having a structure represented by the following general formula (4).
- G represents a monosaccharide or disaccharide residue
- R 2 represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group
- m is directly bonded to the monosaccharide or disaccharide residue
- N is the total number of — (O—C ( ⁇ O) —R 2 ) groups directly bonded to the monosaccharide or disaccharide residue, 3 ⁇ m + n ⁇ 8, and n ⁇ 0.
- the sugar ester having the structure represented by the general formula (4) is a single type of compound in which the number (m) of hydroxy groups and the number (n) of — (O—C ( ⁇ O) —R 2 ) groups are fixed. It is difficult to isolate as a compound, and it is known that a compound in which several components different in m and n in the formula are mixed is obtained. Accordingly, the performance as a mixture in which the number of hydroxy groups (m) and the number of — (O—C ( ⁇ O) —R 2 ) groups (n) are changed is important. In the case of the protective film according to the present invention, A sugar ester having an average degree of ester substitution within the range of 5.0 to 7.5 is preferred.
- G represents a monosaccharide or disaccharide residue.
- monosaccharides include allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, galactose, talose, ribose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, and the like.
- disaccharide residue examples include trehalose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, gentiobiose, lactose, and isotrehalose.
- R 2 represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group.
- the aliphatic group and the aromatic group may each independently have a substituent.
- m is the total number of hydroxy groups directly bonded to the monosaccharide or disaccharide residue
- n is directly bonded to the monosaccharide or disaccharide residue.
- the total number of — (O—C ( ⁇ O) —R 2 ) groups it is necessary that 3 ⁇ m + n ⁇ 8, and it is preferable that 4 ⁇ m + n ⁇ 8. Further, n ⁇ 0.
- the — (O—C ( ⁇ O) —R 2 ) groups may be the same as or different from each other.
- the aliphatic group in the definition of R 2 may be linear, branched or cyclic, and preferably has 1 to 25 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms. 2 to 15 are particularly preferred.
- Specific examples of the aliphatic group include, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, amyl, iso-amyl, tert-amyl, n- Examples include hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, bicyclooctyl, adamantyl, n-decyl, tert-octyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, didecyl and the like.
- the aromatic group in the definition of R 2 may be an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group, and more preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group those having 6 to 24 carbon atoms are preferred, and those having 6 to 12 carbon atoms are more preferred.
- Specific examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include rings such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, biphenyl, and terphenyl.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, and a biphenyl ring are particularly preferable.
- aromatic heterocyclic group a ring containing at least one of an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom or a sulfur atom is preferable.
- heterocyclic ring examples include, for example, furan, pyrrole, thiophene, imidazole, pyrazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyridazine, triazole, triazine, indole, indazole, purine, thiazoline, thiadiazole, oxazoline, oxazole, oxadiazole, quinoline, Examples of each ring include isoquinoline, phthalazine, naphthyridine, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, pteridine, acridine, phenanthroline, phenazine, tetrazole, benzimidazole, benzoxazole, benzthiazole, benzotriazole, and tetrazaindene.
- aromatic heterocyclic group a pyridine ring, a triazine ring, and a quinoline ring are particularly preferable
- a sugar ester may contain two or more different substituents in one molecule, contains an aromatic substituent and an aliphatic substituent in one molecule, and contains two or more different aromatic substituents. Two or more different aliphatic substituents contained in one molecule can be contained in one molecule. It is also preferable to contain a mixture of two or more sugar esters. It is also preferable to simultaneously contain a sugar ester containing an aromatic substituent and a sugar ester containing an aliphatic substituent.
- polyesters other than sugar esters can be used as one of the plasticizers.
- polyester compound which has a structure represented by following General formula (5) can be used.
- the polyester is preferably contained in the range of 1 to 20% by mass and more preferably in the range of 2 to 10% by mass in the retardation film according to the present invention due to its plastic effect.
- B 1 and B 2 each independently represent an aliphatic or aromatic monocarboxylic acid residue.
- G 1 represents an alkylene glycol residue having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, an aryl glycol residue having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or an oxyalkylene glycol residue having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- A represents an alkylene dicarboxylic acid residue having 4 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl dicarboxylic acid residue having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- n represents an integer of 1 or more.
- the polyester is a polyester containing a repeating unit obtained by reacting a dicarboxylic acid and a diol, A represents a carboxylic acid residue in the ester, and G 1 represents an alcohol residue.
- the dicarboxylic acid constituting the polyester is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or an alicyclic dicarboxylic acid, preferably an aromatic dicarboxylic acid.
- the dicarboxylic acid may be one type or a mixture of two or more types. In particular, it is preferable to mix aromatic and aliphatic.
- the diol constituting the polyester is an aromatic diol, an aliphatic diol or an alicyclic diol, preferably an aliphatic diol, more preferably a diol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the diol may be one type or a mixture of two or more types.
- a repeating unit obtained by reacting at least a dicarboxylic acid containing an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and a diol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and includes an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid. More preferably, it contains a repeating unit obtained by reacting a dicarboxylic acid with a diol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Both ends of the polyester molecule may be sealed or not sealed, but from the viewpoint of reducing the retardation value fluctuation of the protective film against temperature and humidity fluctuations, it may be sealed. preferable.
- alkylene dicarboxylic acid constituting A in the general formula (5) examples include 1,2-ethanedicarboxylic acid (succinic acid), 1,3-propanedicarboxylic acid (glutaric acid), 1,4-butanedicarboxylic acid. Divalent groups derived from (adipic acid), 1,5-pentanedicarboxylic acid (pimelic acid), 1,8-octanedicarboxylic acid (sebacic acid) and the like are included.
- alkenylene dicarboxylic acid constituting A include maleic acid and fumaric acid.
- aryl dicarboxylic acid constituting A examples include 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (phthalic acid), 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and the like. Can be mentioned.
- A may be one type or two or more types may be combined. Among them, A is preferably a combination of an alkylene dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 12 carbon atoms and an aryl dicarboxylic acid having 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
- G 1 in the general formula (5) is a divalent group derived from an alkylene glycol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, a divalent group derived from an aryl glycol having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or This represents a divalent group derived from an oxyalkylene glycol having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the divalent group derived from an alkylene glycol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms in G 1 include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propane Diol (neopentyl glycol), 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol (3,3-dimethylolpentane), 2-n-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol (3,3- Dimethylolheptane), 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanedi Derived
- divalent groups derived from aryl glycols having 6 to 12 carbon atoms in G 1 include 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (catechol), 1,3-dihydroxybenzene (resorcinol), 1,4- Divalent groups derived from dihydroxybenzene (hydroquinone) and the like are included.
- divalent groups derived from oxyalkylene glycols having 4 to 12 carbon atoms in G 1 are derived from diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, etc. Divalent groups are included.
- G 1 may be one type or two or more types may be combined. Among these, G 1 is preferably an alkylene glycol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- B 1 and B 2 in the general formula (5) are each a monovalent group derived from an aromatic ring-containing monocarboxylic acid or an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid.
- the aromatic ring-containing monocarboxylic acid in the monovalent group derived from the aromatic ring-containing monocarboxylic acid is a carboxylic acid containing an aromatic ring in the molecule, and not only those in which the aromatic ring is directly bonded to a carboxy group, Also included are those in which an aromatic ring is bonded to a carboxy group via an alkylene group or the like.
- monovalent groups derived from aromatic ring-containing monocarboxylic acids include benzoic acid, para-tert-butyl benzoic acid, orthotoluic acid, metatoluic acid, p-toluic acid, dimethyl benzoic acid, ethyl benzoic acid, and normal propyl benzoic acid.
- Examples of monovalent groups derived from aliphatic monocarboxylic acids include monovalent groups derived from acetic acid, propionic acid, butanoic acid, caprylic acid, caproic acid, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and the like. Is included. Of these, a monovalent group derived from an alkyl monocarboxylic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety is preferable, and an acetyl group (a monovalent group derived from acetic acid) is more preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the polyester according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 500 to 3000, more preferably in the range of 600 to 2000.
- the weight average molecular weight can be measured by the gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- polyester which has a structure represented by General formula (5) is shown, it is not limited to this.
- polyester P1 (Synthesis of polyester P1) 180 g of ethylene glycol, 278 g of phthalic anhydride, 91 g of adipic acid, 610 g of benzoic acid and 0.191 g of tetraisopropyl titanate as an esterification catalyst were charged into a 2 L four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer and a reflux condenser. The temperature is gradually raised with stirring until reaching 230 ° C. in a nitrogen stream. The dehydration condensation reaction was carried out while observing the degree of polymerization. Polyester P1 was obtained by depressurizingly distilling unreacted ethylene glycol at 200 degreeC after completion
- polyester P2 251 g of 1,2-propylene glycol, 244 g of phthalic anhydride, 103 g of adipic acid, 610 g of benzoic acid, 0.191 g of tetraisopropyl titanate as an esterification catalyst, 4 L of 2 L equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer and a reflux condenser The flask is charged and gradually heated with stirring until it reaches 230 ° C. in a nitrogen stream. The dehydration condensation reaction was carried out while observing the degree of polymerization. After completion of the reaction, unreacted 1,2-propylene glycol was distilled off at 200 ° C. under reduced pressure to obtain polyester P2. The acid value was 0.10 and the weight average molecular weight was 450.
- polyester P4 (Synthesis of polyester P4) 251 g of 1,2-propylene glycol, 354 g of terephthalic acid, 610 g of benzoic acid, and 0.191 g of tetraisopropyl titanate as an esterification catalyst were charged into a 2 L four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer, and a reflux condenser. The temperature is gradually raised with stirring until it reaches 230 ° C. in an air stream. The dehydration condensation reaction was carried out while observing the degree of polymerization. After completion of the reaction, unreacted 1,2-propylene glycol was distilled off under reduced pressure at 200 ° C. to obtain polyester P4. The acid value was 0.10 and the weight average molecular weight was 400.
- polyester P5 (Synthesis of polyester P5) 251 g of 1,2-propylene glycol, 354 g of terephthalic acid, 680 g of p-troyl acid and 0.191 g of tetraisopropyl titanate as an esterification catalyst are charged into a 2 L four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, stirrer and reflux condenser. The temperature is gradually raised with stirring until it reaches 230 ° C. in a nitrogen stream. The dehydration condensation reaction was carried out while observing the degree of polymerization. After completion of the reaction, unreacted 1,2-propylene glycol was distilled off under reduced pressure at 200 ° C. to obtain polyester P5. The acid value was 0.30 and the weight average molecular weight was 400.
- polyester P6 (Synthesis of polyester P6) 180 g of 1,2-propylene glycol, 292 g of adipic acid, and 0.191 g of tetraisopropyl titanate as an esterification catalyst were charged into a 2 L four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer, and a reflux condenser. The temperature is gradually raised while stirring until 200 ° C is reached. The dehydration condensation reaction was carried out while observing the degree of polymerization. After completion of the reaction, unreacted 1,2-propylene glycol was distilled off at 200 ° C. under reduced pressure to obtain polyester P6. The acid value was 0.10 and the weight average molecular weight was 400.
- polyester P8 251 g of ethylene glycol, 244 g of phthalic anhydride, 200 g of sebacic acid, 610 g of benzoic acid and 0.191 g of tetraisopropyl titanate as an esterification catalyst were charged into a 2 L four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer and a reflux condenser. The temperature is gradually raised with stirring until reaching 230 ° C. in a nitrogen stream. The dehydration condensation reaction was carried out while observing the degree of polymerization. Polyester P8 was obtained by depressurizingly distilling unreacted ethylene glycol at 200 degreeC after completion
- a phosphate ester compound in the present invention, a phosphate ester compound can be used.
- phosphate ester compounds include triaryl phosphate esters, diaryl phosphate esters, monoaryl phosphate esters, aryl phosphonic acid compounds, aryl phosphine oxide compounds, condensed aryl phosphate esters, halogenated alkyl phosphate esters, and halogen-containing condensed phosphorus compounds. Examples thereof include acid esters, halogen-containing condensed phosphonate esters, and halogen-containing phosphite esters.
- Specific phosphoric acid ester compounds include triphenyl phosphate, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, phenylphosphonic acid, tris ( ⁇ -chloroethyl) phosphate, tris ( Dichloropropyl) phosphate, tris (tribromoneopentyl) phosphate, and the like.
- the retardation film according to the present invention may contain an ultraviolet absorber from the viewpoint of improving light resistance.
- the ultraviolet absorber is intended to improve light resistance by absorbing ultraviolet rays of 400 nm or less, and in particular, the transmittance at a wavelength of 370 nm is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, and further Preferably it is 2% or less.
- the UV absorbers preferably used in the present invention are benzotriazole UV absorbers, benzophenone UV absorbers, and triazine UV absorbers, and particularly preferably benzotriazole UV absorbers and benzophenone UV absorbers.
- a discotic compound such as a compound having a 1,3,5-triazine ring is also preferably used as the ultraviolet absorber.
- the retardation film according to the present invention preferably contains two or more kinds of ultraviolet absorbers.
- a polymeric ultraviolet absorber can also be preferably used, and in particular, a polymer type ultraviolet absorber described in JP-A-6-148430 is preferably used. Moreover, it is preferable that the ultraviolet absorber does not have a halogen group.
- the method of adding the UV absorber can be added to the dope after dissolving the UV absorber in an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or butanol, an organic solvent such as methylene chloride, methyl acetate, acetone or dioxolane or a mixed solvent thereof. Or you may add directly in dope composition.
- an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or butanol
- an organic solvent such as methylene chloride, methyl acetate, acetone or dioxolane or a mixed solvent thereof.
- inorganic powders that do not dissolve in organic solvents use a dissolver or sand mill in the organic solvent and cellulose ester (cellulose acetate) to disperse them before adding them to the dope.
- cellulose ester cellulose acetate
- the amount of the UV absorber used is not uniform depending on the type of UV absorber, the operating conditions, etc., but when the retardation film has a dry film thickness of 15 to 50 ⁇ m, it is 0.5 to 10 with respect to the retardation film.
- the range of mass% is preferable, and the range of 0.6 to 4 mass% is more preferable.
- Antioxidant are also referred to as deterioration inhibitors. When an organic electroluminescence display device or the like is placed in a high humidity and high temperature state, the retardation film may be deteriorated.
- the antioxidant has a role of delaying or preventing the retardation film from being decomposed by, for example, the residual solvent amount of halogen in the retardation film or phosphoric acid of the phosphoric acid plasticizer. It is preferable to contain in such a retardation film.
- a hindered phenol compound is preferably used.
- 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3- (3,5-di- -T-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] triethylene glycol-bis [3- (3-t-butyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 1,6-hexanediol-bis [3 -(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2,4-bis- (n-octylthio) -6- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)- 1,3,5-triazine, 2,2-thio-diethylenebis [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], oct Decyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl
- 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], triethylene glycol-bis [3 -(3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] is preferred.
- hydrazine-based metal deactivators such as N, N′-bis [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl] hydrazine and tris (2,4-di- A phosphorus processing stabilizer such as t-butylphenyl) phosphite may be used in combination.
- the amount of these compounds to be added is preferably in the range of 1 ppm to 1.0% by mass with respect to the cellulose ester (cellulose acetate), and more preferably in the range of 10 to 1000 ppm.
- the cellulose ester film according to the present invention can be preferably used regardless of whether it is a film produced by a solution casting method or a film produced by a melt casting method.
- the cellulose ester film according to the present invention is prepared by dissolving a cellulose ester and an additive in a solvent to prepare a dope, casting a dope onto an endless metal support, and casting the dope. Is performed by a step of drying as a web, a step of peeling from a metal support, a step of stretching or maintaining the width, a step of further drying, and a step of winding up the finished film.
- the concentration of cellulose ester in the dope is preferably higher because the drying load after casting on the metal support can be reduced. However, if the concentration of cellulose ester is too high, the load during filtration increases and the filtration accuracy is poor. Become.
- the concentration that achieves both of these is preferably 10 to 35% by mass, and more preferably 15 to 25% by mass.
- the solvent used in the dope may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but it is preferable to use a mixture of a good solvent and a poor solvent of cellulose ester in terms of production efficiency, and there are many good solvents. This is preferable from the viewpoint of the solubility of the cellulose ester.
- a preferable range of the mixing ratio of the good solvent and the poor solvent is 70 to 98% by mass for the good solvent and 2 to 30% by mass for the poor solvent.
- the good solvent and the poor solvent change depending on the average acetylation degree (acetyl group substitution degree) of the cellulose ester.
- the good solvent and the poor solvent change depending on the average acetylation degree (acetyl group substitution degree) of the cellulose ester.
- the good solvent and the poor solvent change depending on the average acetylation degree (acetyl group substitution degree) of the cellulose ester.
- the cellulose ester acetate ester acetyl group substitution degree 2.4
- cellulose Acetate propionate is a good solvent
- cellulose acetate (acetyl group substitution degree 2.8) is a poor solvent.
- the good solvent used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include organic halogen compounds such as methylene chloride, dioxolanes, acetone, methyl acetate, and methyl acetoacetate. Particularly preferred is methylene chloride or methyl acetate.
- the poor solvent used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone and the like are preferably used.
- the dope preferably contains 0.01 to 2% by mass of water.
- the solvent used for dissolving the cellulose ester is used by collecting the solvent removed from the film by drying in the film-forming process and reusing it.
- the recovery solvent may contain trace amounts of additives added to the cellulose ester, such as plasticizers, UV absorbers, polymers, monomer components, etc., but even if these are included, they are preferably reused. Can be purified and reused if necessary.
- additives added to the cellulose ester such as plasticizers, UV absorbers, polymers, monomer components, etc., but even if these are included, they are preferably reused. Can be purified and reused if necessary.
- a general method can be used as a method of dissolving the cellulose ester when preparing the dope described above. When heating and pressurization are combined, it is possible to heat above the boiling point at normal pressure.
- a method in which a cellulose ester is mixed with a poor solvent and wetted or swollen, and then a good solvent is added and dissolved is also preferably used.
- Pressurization may be performed by a method of injecting an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or a method of increasing the vapor pressure of the solvent by heating. Heating is preferably performed from the outside.
- a jacket type is preferable because temperature control is easy.
- the heating temperature with the addition of a solvent is preferably higher from the viewpoint of the solubility of the cellulose ester, but if the heating temperature is too high, the required pressure increases and the productivity deteriorates.
- a preferable heating temperature is 45 to 120 ° C, more preferably 60 to 110 ° C, and further preferably 70 to 105 ° C.
- the pressure is adjusted so that the solvent does not boil at the set temperature.
- a cooling dissolution method is also preferably used, whereby the cellulose ester can be dissolved in a solvent such as methyl acetate.
- the cellulose ester solution is filtered using an appropriate filter medium such as filter paper.
- an appropriate filter medium such as filter paper.
- the filter medium it is preferable that the absolute filtration accuracy is small in order to remove insoluble matters and the like, but there is a problem that the filter medium is easily clogged if the absolute filtration accuracy is too small.
- a filter medium with an absolute filtration accuracy of 0.008 mm or less is preferable, a filter medium with 0.001 to 0.008 mm is more preferable, and a filter medium with 0.003 to 0.006 mm is still more preferable.
- the material of the filter medium is not particularly limited, and a normal filter medium can be used. However, a plastic filter medium such as polypropylene or Teflon (registered trademark) or a metal filter medium such as stainless steel is used for the fiber. It is preferable because there is no dropout.
- Bright spot foreign matter is when two polarizing plates are placed in a crossed Nicol state, an optical film or the like is placed between them, light is applied from the side of one polarizing plate, and observed from the side of the other polarizing plate
- the number of bright spots having a diameter of 0.01 mm or more is preferably 200 / cm 2 or less.
- it is 100 pieces / cm 2 or less, still more preferably 50 pieces / m 2 or less, still more preferably 0 to 10 pieces / cm 2 . Further, it is preferable that the number of bright spots of less than 0.01 mm is small.
- the dope can be filtered by a normal method, but the method of filtering while heating at a temperature not lower than the boiling point of the solvent at normal pressure and in a range where the solvent does not boil under pressure is the filtration pressure before and after filtration.
- the increase in the difference (referred to as differential pressure) is small and preferable.
- the preferred temperature is 45 to 120 ° C, more preferably 45 to 70 ° C, and still more preferably 45 to 55 ° C.
- the filtration pressure is preferably 1.6 MPa or less, more preferably 1.2 MPa or less, and further preferably 1.0 MPa or less.
- the metal support in the casting process is preferably a mirror-finished surface, and a stainless steel belt or a drum whose surface is plated with a casting is preferably used as the metal support.
- the cast width can be 1 ⁇ 4m.
- the surface temperature of the metal support in the casting step is ⁇ 50 ° C. to a temperature lower than the boiling point of the solvent, and a higher temperature is preferable because the web drying speed can be increased. May deteriorate.
- the preferred support temperature is 0 to 55 ° C, more preferably 25 to 50 ° C.
- the method for controlling the temperature of the metal support is not particularly limited, but there are a method of blowing hot air or cold air, and a method of contacting hot water with the back side of the metal support. It is preferable to use warm water because heat transfer is performed efficiently, so that the time until the temperature of the metal support becomes constant is short. When warm air is used, wind at a temperature higher than the target temperature may be used.
- the amount of residual solvent when peeling the web from the metal support is preferably 10 to 150% by mass, more preferably 20 to 40% by mass or 60 to 130% by mass. Particularly preferred is 20 to 30% by mass or 70 to 120% by mass.
- the amount of residual solvent is defined by the following formula.
- Residual solvent amount (% by mass) ⁇ (MN) / N ⁇ ⁇ 100 Note that M is the mass of a sample collected during or after the production of the web or film, and N is the mass after heating M at 115 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the web is peeled off from the metal support, and further dried, and the residual solvent amount is preferably 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.1% by mass or less, Particularly preferred is 0 to 0.01% by mass or less.
- a roll drying method (a method in which webs are alternately passed through a plurality of rolls arranged above and below) and a method in which the web is dried while being conveyed by a tenter method are employed.
- the cellulose ester film according to the present invention it is particularly preferable to perform stretching in the width direction (lateral direction) by a tenter method in which both ends of the web are held with clips or the like. Peeling is preferably performed at a peeling tension of 300 N / m or less.
- the means for drying the web is not particularly limited, and can be generally performed with hot air, infrared rays, a heating roll, microwave, or the like, but is preferably performed with hot air from the viewpoint of simplicity.
- drying temperature in the web drying process is increased stepwise from 40 to 200 ° C.
- the film thickness of the cellulose ester film is not particularly limited, but 10 to 200 ⁇ m is used.
- the film thickness is particularly preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is 20 to 60 ⁇ m.
- a cellulose ester film having a width of 1 to 4 m is used. Particularly, those having a width of 1.4 to 4 m are preferably used, and particularly preferably 1.6 to 3 m. If it exceeds 4 m, conveyance becomes difficult.
- the retardation film according to the present invention can be used as a retardation film for VA.
- the retardation values Ro and Rt of the retardation film are preferably within the following ranges.
- the in-plane retardation value Ro is in the range of 40 nm ⁇
- the cellulose ester film has the structure of the present invention, and the refractive index is controlled by controlling the transport tension and stretching.
- the phase difference value can be changed by lowering or increasing the tension in the longitudinal direction.
- biaxial stretching or uniaxial stretching can be performed sequentially or simultaneously with respect to the longitudinal direction (film forming direction) of the film and the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the film, that is, the width direction.
- the draw ratios in the biaxial directions perpendicular to each other are preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.5 times in the casting direction and 1.1 to 2.5 times in the width direction, respectively. It is preferable to carry out in the range of 0.8 to 1.0 times in the direction and 1.2 to 2.0 times in the width direction.
- the stretching temperature is preferably from 120 to 200 ° C, more preferably from 150 to 200 ° C, and further preferably from 150 ° C to 190 ° C.
- the residual solvent in the film is preferably 20 to 0%, more preferably 15 to 0%.
- the residual solvent is stretched by 11% at 155 ° C., or the residual solvent is stretched by 2% at 155 ° C.
- the residual solvent is preferably stretched at 11% at 160 ° C., or the residual solvent is preferably stretched at less than 1% at 160 ° C.
- the method of stretching the web For example, a method in which a difference in peripheral speed is applied to a plurality of rolls, and the roll peripheral speed difference is used to stretch in the longitudinal direction, the both ends of the web are fixed with clips and pins, and the interval between the clips and pins is increased in the traveling direction And a method of stretching in the vertical direction, a method of stretching in the horizontal direction and stretching in the horizontal direction, a method of stretching in the vertical and horizontal directions and stretching in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and the like. Of course, these methods may be used in combination.
- a tenter it may be a pin tenter or a clip tenter.
- the slow axis or the fast axis of the cellulose ester film according to the present invention is present in the film plane, and ⁇ 1 is preferably ⁇ 1 ° or more and + 1 ° or less when the angle formed with the film forming direction is ⁇ 1. More preferably, it is 0.5 ° or more and + 0.5 ° or less.
- This ⁇ 1 can be defined as an orientation angle, and ⁇ 1 can be measured using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (Oji Scientific Instruments).
- KOBRA-21ADH Oji Scientific Instruments
- the moisture permeability of the cellulose ester film according to the present invention is preferably 300 to 1800 g / m 2 ⁇ 24 h at 40 ° C. and 90% RH, more preferably 400 to 1500 g / m 2 ⁇ 24 h, and 40 to 1300 g / m 2 ⁇ 24 h. Is particularly preferred.
- the moisture permeability can be measured according to the method described in JIS Z 0208.
- the cellulose ester film according to the present invention has a breaking elongation of preferably 10 to 80%, more preferably 20 to 50%.
- the visible light transmittance of the cellulose ester film according to the present invention is preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 93% or more.
- the haze of the cellulose ester film according to the present invention is preferably less than 1%, particularly preferably 0 to 0.1%.
- the acrylic active energy ray curable adhesive (acrylic curable adhesive) according to the present invention has a SP value (solubility parameter) of 29.0 when the total amount of the composition is 100% by mass as a curable component. 20 to 60% by mass of the radically polymerizable compound (A) in the range of ⁇ 32.0 (kJ / m 3 ) 1/2 and an SP value of 18.0 (kJ / m 3 ) 1 ⁇ 2 or more 21.
- composition total amount means the total amount including various initiators and additives in addition to the radical polymerizable compound.
- the radically polymerizable compound (A) is a compound having a radically polymerizable group such as a (meth) acrylate group and having an SP value in the range of 29.0 to 32.0 (kJ / m 3 ) 1/2. If there is no limitation, it can be used. Specific examples of the radical polymerizable compound (A) include hydroxyethyl acrylamide (SP value 29.6), N-methylol acrylamide (SP value 31.5) and the like.
- the (meth) acrylate group means an acrylate group or a methacrylate group.
- the radically polymerizable compound (B) has a radically polymerizable group such as a (meth) acrylate group and has an SP value of 18.0 (kJ / m 3 ) 1/2 or more and 21.0 (kJ / m 3 ). Any compound that is within the range of less than 1/2 can be used without limitation.
- Specific examples of the radically polymerizable compound (B) include, for example, tripropylene glycol diacrylate (SP value 19.0), 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate (SP value 19.2), tricyclodecane dimethanol dimer.
- Aronix M-220 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., SP value 19.0), light acrylate 1,9ND-A (Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.) Manufactured, SP value 19.2), light acrylate DGE-4A (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., SP value 20.9), light acrylate DCP-A (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., SP value 20.3), SR-531 (Sartomer) And SP-value 19.1), CD-536 (Sartomer, SP value 19.4), and the like.
- Radical polymerizable compound (C) is a compound having a radical polymerizable group such as a (meth) acrylate group and having an SP value in the range of 21.0 to 23.0 (kJ / m 3 ) 1/2 If it is, it can be used without limitation.
- Specific examples of the radical polymerizable compound (C) include, for example, acryloylmorpholine (SP value 22.9), N-methoxymethylacrylamide (SP value 22.9), N-ethoxymethylacrylamide (SP value 22.3). Etc.
- a commercial item can also be used suitably, for example, ACMO (the Kojin company make, SP value 22.9), Wasmer 2MA (the Kasano Kosan company make, SP value 22.9). , Wasmer EMA (manufactured by Kasano Kosan Co., Ltd., SP value 22.3), Wasmer 3MA (manufactured by Kasano Kosan Co., Ltd., SP value 22.4), and the like.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of each of the radically polymerizable compounds (A), (B) and (C) is 60 ° C. or higher, the Tg of the adhesive layer is increased and the durability is particularly excellent. It will be. As a result, for example, when an adhesive layer of a polarizer and a retardation film is used, occurrence of heat shock cracks in the polarizer can be prevented.
- the Tg of the homopolymer of the radical polymerizable compound means Tg when the radical polymerizable compound is cured (polymerized) alone.
- the acrylic curable adhesive composition according to the present invention contains radically polymerizable compounds (A), (B) and (C) in a total of 85 to 100 parts by mass, and further has an SP value of 23.0 (kJ / m 3) 1/2 exceeds 29.0 (kJ / m 3) radically polymerizable compound is less than 1/2 the (D) may contain 0-15 parts by weight.
- Specific examples of the radical polymerizable compound (D) include, for example, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (SP value 23.8), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (SP value 25.5), N-vinylcaprolactam (trade name V- CAP, manufactured by ISP, SP value 23.4), 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate (SP value 24.5), and the like.
- the acrylic curable adhesive composition according to the present invention is used in an electron beam curable type, it is not particularly necessary to include a photopolymerization initiator in the composition. It is preferable to use a polymerization initiator, and it is particularly preferable to use a photopolymerization initiator that is highly sensitive to light of 380 nm or more. A photopolymerization initiator that is highly sensitive to light of 380 nm or more will be described later.
- a compound having a structure represented by the following general formula (6) is used alone as a photopolymerization initiator, or is represented by the general formula (6). It is preferable to use a compound having a structure having a photopolymerization initiator, which is described later, and a photopolymerization initiator highly sensitive to light of 380 nm or more.
- R 1 and R 2 represent a hydrogen atom, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, or a chlorine atom, and R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different.
- the adhesiveness is excellent as compared with a case where a photopolymerization initiator having high sensitivity to light of 380 nm or more is used alone.
- diethylthioxanthone in which R 1 and R 2 are —CH 2 CH 3 is particularly preferable.
- the composition ratio of the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (6) in the composition is preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by mass when the total amount of the composition is 100% by mass.
- the content is more preferably 5 to 4.0% by mass, still more preferably 0.9 to 3.0% by mass.
- polymerization initiators include triethylamine, diethylamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, ethanolamine, 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid, methyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, isoamyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, etc. Among them, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate is particularly preferable.
- a polymerization initiation assistant its addition amount is usually 0 to 5% by mass, preferably 0 to 4% by mass, most preferably 0 to 3% by mass when the total amount of the composition is 100% by mass. .
- a known photopolymerization initiator can be used in combination as necessary. Since the transparent retardation film having UV absorption ability does not transmit light of 380 nm or less, it is preferable to use a photopolymerization initiator that is highly sensitive to light of 380 nm or more as the photopolymerization initiator.
- 2-methyl-1- (4-methylthiophenyl) -2-morpholinopropan-1-one 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -1-butanone, 2 -(Dimethylamino) -2-[(4-methylphenyl) methyl] -1- [4- (4-morpholinyl) phenyl] -1-butanone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide, bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide, bis ( ⁇ 5-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl) -bis (2,6-difluoro-3- (1H-pyrrol-1-yl) -Phenyl) titanium and the like.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group or a chlorine atom, and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different.
- commercially available 2-methyl-1- (4-methylthiophenyl) -2-morpholinopropan-1-one (trade name: Irgacure 907 Manufacturer: BASF Japan Can be suitably used.
- 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1 (trade name: Irgacure 369, manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.)
- 2- (dimethylamino) -2-[(4-methyl Phenyl) methyl] -1- [4- (4-morpholinyl) phenyl] -1-butanone (trade name: Irgacure 379, manufacturer: manufactured by BASF Japan) is preferable because of its high sensitivity.
- a polarizer which is a main component of a polarizing plate, is an element that allows only light of a plane of polarization in a certain direction to pass.
- a typical polarizer currently known is a polyvinyl alcohol-based polarizing film, which is polyvinyl alcohol.
- iodine is dyed on a system film and one in which dichroic dye is dyed.
- the polarizer is formed by forming a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution into a film and dyeing the film by uniaxial stretching or dyeing or uniaxially stretching, and then performing a durability treatment with a boron compound.
- the film thickness of the polarizer is preferably 5 to 30 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the ethylene unit content described in JP-A-2003-248123, JP-A-2003-342322, etc. is 1 to 4 mol%
- the degree of polymerization is 2000 to 4000
- the degree of saponification is 99.0 to 99.99 mol%.
- the ethylene-modified polyvinyl alcohol is also preferably used.
- an ethylene-modified polyvinyl alcohol film having a hot water cutting temperature of 66 to 73 ° C. is preferably used.
- the difference in hot water cutting temperature between two points 5 cm apart in the TD direction (width direction) of the film is more preferably 1 ° C. or less in order to reduce color unevenness, and further 1 cm in the TD direction of the film. In order to reduce color unevenness, it is more preferable that the difference in hot water cutting temperature between two distant points is 0.5 ° C. or less.
- a polarizer using this ethylene-modified polyvinyl alcohol film is excellent in polarization performance and durability performance and has little color unevenness, and is particularly preferably used for a large-sized liquid crystal display device.
- the polarizer obtained as described above has a retardation film according to the present invention bonded to one surface and a protective film bonded to the other surface as a polarizing plate. used.
- the adhesive used for pasting the above-mentioned acrylic curable adhesive is used, and even if it is a thin film coating of less than 1.0 ⁇ m, strong adhesiveness can be obtained.
- Protective film As a protective film used for the polarizing plate of this invention, what is generally used as a protective film of a polarizing plate can be used.
- cellulose ester films for example, Konica Minoltac KC8UX, KC5UX, KC8UCR3, KC8UCR4, KC8UCR5, KC8UY, KC4UY, KC4UE, KC8UE, KC8UY-HA, KC8UX-RHA-KC8UX-RHA-KC8UX-RHA-KC8UX KC4UXW-RHA-NC, manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd.
- cellulose ester films for example, Konica Minoltac KC8UX, KC5UX, KC8UCR3, KC8UCR4, KC8UCR5, KC8UY, KC4UY, KC4UE, KC8UE, KC8UY-HA, KC8UX-RHA-KC8UX-RHA-KC8UX KC4UXW-RHA-NC, manufactured by Konica Minolta Co.,
- the polarizing plate protective film used on the surface side (viewing side) of the liquid crystal display device may have an antireflection layer, an antistatic layer, an antifouling layer, and a backcoat layer in addition to the antiglare layer or the clear hard coat layer. preferable.
- the polarizing plate comprises an adhesive application step of forming the adhesive layer by applying the acrylic curable adhesive described above to at least one of the adhesive surfaces of the polarizer and the retardation film, and the adhesive layer.
- Pretreatment process In the pretreatment step, the surface of the retardation film that adheres to the polarizer is subjected to easy adhesion treatment. When the retardation film and the protective film are bonded to both surfaces of the polarizer, easy adhesion treatment is performed on each of the retardation film and the protective film. In the next adhesive application process, the surface subjected to the easy adhesion treatment is treated as a bonding surface with the polarizer, and therefore, on both surfaces of the retardation film, the surface to be bonded with the acrylic curable adhesive is easy. Apply adhesive treatment. Examples of the easy adhesion treatment include corona treatment and plasma treatment.
- the acrylic curable adhesive is applied to at least one of the adhesive surfaces of the polarizer and the retardation film.
- the application method is not particularly limited. For example, various wet coating methods such as a doctor blade, a wire bar, a die coater, a comma coater, and a gravure coater can be used.
- a method in which an acrylic curable adhesive is cast between a polarizer and a retardation film, and then pressurized with a roller or the like to uniformly spread the adhesive can be used.
- Bonding process After apply
- this bonding step for example, when an acrylic curable adhesive is applied to the surface of the polarizer in the previous application step, a retardation film is superimposed thereon.
- a polarizer is superimposed thereon.
- an acrylic curable adhesive is cast between the polarizer and the retardation film, the polarizer and the retardation film are superposed in that state.
- both sides of the polarizer are each subjected to retardation via an acrylic curable adhesive.
- a film and a protective film are overlaid.
- both sides in this state when the retardation film is overlaid on one side of the polarizer, when the retardation film and the protective film are overlaid on the polarizer side and the retardation film side, and on both sides of the polarizer
- rollers or the like As the material of the roller, metal, rubber or the like can be used.
- the rollers arranged on both sides may be made of the same material or different materials.
- an active energy ray is irradiated to an uncured acrylic curable adhesive, and a cationic polymerizable compound (for example, epoxy compound or oxetane compound) or a radical polymerizable compound (for example, acrylate compound or acrylamide compound). Etc.) is cured, and the polarizer and the retardation film, or the polarizer and the retardation film, which are superposed via the acrylic curable adhesive, are adhered.
- the active energy ray may be irradiated from either the polarizer side or the retardation film side.
- Visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, electron beams, etc. can be used as the active energy rays applied for curing, but electron beams and ultraviolet rays are generally preferred because they are easy to handle and have a sufficient curing rate. Used.
- the acceleration voltage is preferably in the range of 5 to 300 kV, more preferably in the range of 10 to 250 kV. If the acceleration voltage is less than 5 kV, the electron beam may not reach the adhesive and may be insufficiently cured. If the acceleration voltage exceeds 300 kV, the penetrating force through the sample is too strong and the electron beam rebounds. There is a risk of damaging the polarizer.
- the irradiation dose is in the range of 5 to 100 kGy, more preferably in the range of 10 to 75 kGy.
- the adhesive becomes insufficiently cured, and when it exceeds 100 kGy, the retardation film and the polarizer are damaged, resulting in a decrease in mechanical strength and yellowing to obtain predetermined optical characteristics. I can't.
- Arbitrary appropriate conditions can be employ
- the dose of ultraviolet rays in the range of 50 ⁇ 1500mJ / cm 2 in accumulated light amount, and even more preferably in the range of within the range of 100 ⁇ 500mJ / cm 2.
- the line speed depends on the curing time of the adhesive, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 500 m / min, more preferably 5 to 300 m / min, and still more preferably 10 to 100 m. / Min. If the line speed is too slow, the productivity is poor, or the retardation film is damaged too much, and a polarizing plate that can withstand a durability test cannot be produced. When the line speed is too high, the adhesive is not sufficiently cured, and the desired adhesiveness may not be obtained.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but in the present invention, sufficient adhesiveness can be obtained even with a coating amount of less than 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention is used for a VA liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a VA liquid crystal display device 108 using the polarizing plate of the present invention.
- 101A and 101B are polarizing plates of the present invention, which are arranged on both sides with the liquid crystal cell 107 in between.
- 101B is arranged on the VA liquid crystal display backlight (BL) side, and 101A is arranged on the viewing side.
- the polarizing plates 101A and 101B have the same configuration, and from the liquid crystal cell side, from the retardation film 105, the acrylic curable adhesive 103B, the polarizer 104, the acrylic curable adhesive 103A, and the protective film 102 according to the present invention. It is configured.
- the retardation film 105 and the polarizer 104 are bonded via an acrylic curable adhesive 103B.
- the protective film 102 for example, a KC6UA film (manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd.) or the like is used.
- the retardation film according to the present invention can be used for liquid crystal display devices of various drive systems such as STN, TN, OCB, HAN, VA (MVA, PVA), IPS, OCB.
- VA VA, PVA
- liquid crystal display device that is less affected by environmental fluctuations, has reduced light leakage, and has excellent visibility such as color unevenness and front contrast. it can.
- Example 1 ⁇ Production of Cellulose Ester Film 101> ⁇ Fine particle dispersion 1> Fine particles (Aerosil R972V manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) 11 parts by mass Ethanol 89 parts by mass The above was stirred and mixed with a dissolver for 50 minutes, and then dispersed with Manton Gorin to prepare a fine particle dispersion 1.
- Fine particle addition liquid 1 The fine particle dispersion 1 prepared as described above was slowly added to the dissolution tank containing methylene chloride with sufficient stirring. Further, the particles were dispersed by an attritor so that the secondary particles had a predetermined particle size. This was filtered with Finemet NF manufactured by Nippon Seisen Co., Ltd. to prepare a fine particle additive solution 1.
- Fine particle dispersion 1 5 parts by mass A main dope having the following composition was prepared. First, methylene chloride and ethanol were added to the pressure dissolution tank. Cellulose ester C2 and polyhydric alcohol ester E-1 were charged into a pressure dissolution tank containing a solvent while stirring. While this was heated and stirred, it was completely dissolved, and this was dissolved in Azumi Filter Paper No. The main dope was prepared by filtration using 244.
- the cellulose ester which concerns on this invention melt
- Each of the six sheets was filtered at a gauge pressure of 0.2 MPa / cm 2 , then dry-spun, and a single yarn fineness of 3 denier and a total fineness of 36,000 denier were used.
- the solvent was evaporated until the amount of residual solvent in the cast (cast) film reached 75% by mass, and then peeled off from the stainless steel belt support with a peeling tension of 130 N / m.
- the peeled cellulose ester film was stretched 35% in the width direction using a tenter while applying heat at 150 ° C.
- the residual solvent at the start of stretching was 15% by mass.
- drying was terminated while the drying zone was conveyed by a number of rolls.
- the drying temperature was 130 ° C. and the transport tension was 100 N / m.
- a cellulose ester film 102 was produced in the same manner except that the composition of the main dope was as follows.
- ⁇ Preparation of cellulose ester films 103-143> Cellulose ester derivatives in the same manner except that the types and addition amounts of cellulose ester derivatives, polyhydric alcohol esters, 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic groups and sugar esters in the main dope are as shown in Table 2 and Table 3. Films 103 to 143 were produced.
- a cellulose ester film 144 was produced in the same manner except that the polyhydric alcohol ester was replaced with the polyester compound P14 and the composition of the main dope was as follows.
- Cellulose ester films 101 to 137 produced as described above are retardation films according to the present invention, and cellulose ester films 138 to 144 are retardation films of comparative examples.
- ⁇ Measurement method of penetration depth into film 100 parts by mass of 4HBA acrylic monomer and 3 parts by mass of Irgacure 819 (manufactured by BASF Japan) were mixed and stirred at 50 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain an acrylic curable adhesive that was a test liquid for penetration depth measurement. . Thereafter, the test solution was heated to 50 ° C., and uniformly applied to an optical film with a thickness of 2.0 ⁇ m. After 30 seconds from the application, Fusion UV Systems, Inc. Light HAMMER 10 (gallium) was used as an irradiation device. Using an enclosed metal halide lamp, the adhesive layer was cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays under the following conditions.
- Irradiation conditions were as follows: bulb: V bulb, peak illuminance: 1600 mW / cm 2 , integrated irradiation amount (integrated light amount): 1000 mJ / cm 2 (wavelength 380 to 440 nm).
- the penetration depth of the test solution was observed by cross-sectional observation measurement of the obtained laminated film by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) “JEM-2010F” (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.). The results are shown in Table 4.
- Example 2 >> ⁇ Preparation of polarizing plate> A polyvinyl alcohol film having a thickness of 120 ⁇ m was uniaxially stretched (temperature: 110 ° C., stretch ratio: 5 times).
- HEAA hydroxyethyl acrylamide
- Aronix M-220 tripropylene glycol diacrylate
- ACMO acryloylmorpholine
- KAYACURE DETX-S diethylthioxanthone manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
- Irgacure 907 (2-methyl-1- (4-methylthiophenyl) -2-morpholinopropane -1-one) 1.35% by mass of BASF Japan manufactured by each was mixed and stirred at 50 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain an acrylic curable adhesive composition.
- an ultraviolet ray (gallium encapsulated metal halide lamp) irradiation device Fusion UV Systems, Inc.
- Light HAMMER10 bulb V bulb Peak illuminance: 1600 mW / cm 2 , integrated irradiation amount (integrated light amount) 1000 mJ / cm 2 (wavelength 380) ⁇ 440nm) was used.
- the illuminance of ultraviolet rays was measured using a Sola-Check system manufactured by Solatell.
- a polarizer, the cellulose ester films 101 to 144, and Konica Minoltak KC4UY (Konica Minolta Co., Ltd. cellulose ester film) were bonded to each other to produce a polarizing plate.
- Step 1 On the cellulose ester films 101 to 144 and Konica Minolta Tack KC4UY, the acrylic curable adhesive composition prepared previously is applied to an MCD coater (Fuji Kikai Co., Ltd.) (cell shape: honeycomb, gravure roll). The number of lines was 1000 / inch, the rotation speed was 140% / line speed), and the film was applied to a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m and bonded to both sides of the polarizer by a roll machine.
- MCD coater Freji Kikai Co., Ltd.
- Step 2 Thereafter, the film (both sides) is heated to 50 ° C. using an IR heater, and the ultraviolet ray is irradiated on both sides to cure the acrylic curable adhesive composition, and then at 70 ° C. for 3 minutes. Drying with hot air yielded polarizing plates 201-244. The line speed of bonding was 25 m / min.
- the adhesive strength (vs. cellulose ester film) and durability (heat shock test) of each obtained polarizing plate were evaluated based on the following conditions.
- the obtained polarizing plates 201 to 244 were each cut into a size of 15 mm ⁇ 150 mm to obtain samples.
- the sample was affixed on the glass plate with the double-sided adhesive tape (Nitto Denko Co., Ltd. product, No. 500).
- the sample (polarizing plate) was previously provided with a peeling trigger between the retardation film and the polarizer, and the peeling trigger was chucked to a variable angle peel tester (Asahi Seiko Co., Ltd.) to peel strength ( N / 15 mm).
- the measurement conditions were normal temperature (23 ° C.), peel angle: 90 degrees, and peel speed: 3000 mm / min. Data obtained between 50 and 100 mm of the measured data was averaged.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer was laminated on the cellulose ester film surface of the polarizing plates 201 to 244 according to the present invention, and cut into a rectangle of 200 mm in the stretching direction of the polarizer and 400 mm in the vertical direction.
- the polarizing plate was laminated on a glass plate, a heat shock test at ⁇ 40 to 85 ° C. was performed, the polarizing plate after 50 cycles was visually observed, and evaluated based on the following criteria. In the heat shock test, the holding time at ⁇ 40 ° C. and 85 ° C. was 30 minutes, and the heating rate and the cooling rate were 5 ° C./min.
- the retardation films 101 to 137 according to the present invention are suppressed in the permeability of 4HBA and are excellent in adhesion and durability when used as a polarizing plate. Further, the polarizing plates 201 to 237 of the present invention using the retardation films 101 to 137 were excellent in adhesive strength and durability.
- the retardation films 101 to 137 according to the present invention have an in-plane direction retardation value Ro in the range of 40 nm ⁇
- Example 3 ⁇ Production of liquid crystal display device> Using a commercially available VA type liquid crystal display device (SONY 40 type display KLV-40J3000), the polarizing plates bonded on both sides of the liquid crystal cell were peeled off, and the above prepared polarizing plates 203, 208, 213, 218, 230 were used. , 240, 241, and 242 were bonded to both surfaces of the liquid crystal cell as shown in FIG. 1 to produce VA liquid crystal display devices 301 to 308. At that time, the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizing plate was adjusted to the same direction as the polarizing plate bonded in advance.
- VA type liquid crystal display device SONY 40 type display KLV-40J3000
- the VA liquid crystal display devices 301 to 305 of the present invention are excellent in that no color unevenness occurs even in a strong and high humidity environment where moisture directly adheres.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention can be used for a VA liquid crystal display device, and is used for a display, particularly a display of an information terminal device such as a large television, a personal computer, a tablet personal computer and a smartphone, and a monitor of a digital camera. be able to.
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Abstract
Description
当該偏光子と当該位相差フィルムとが、アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤で貼合されており、
当該位相差フィルムは、少なくともセルロースエステルと、
当該アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤の浸透性を抑制する化合物と、
を含有する樹脂組成物から作製された位相差フィルムであり、
当該セルロースエステルのアシル基置換度が、下記式(I)を満たし、
かつ当該位相差フィルムへの当該アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤の浸透性を評価する試験液として4-ヒドロキシジブチルアクリレートを用いたときの、当該試験液の浸透深さが、
50℃・30秒間で、0.1~1.0μmの範囲内であることを特徴とする偏光板。
(ただし、式(I)中、Xはアセチル基置換度、Yはプロピオニル基置換度又はブチリル基置換度を表す。)
B1-G1-B2
(ただし、一般式(1)中、B1及びB2は、それぞれ独立に脂肪族モノカルボン酸残基又は芳香族モノカルボン酸残基を表す。G1は、炭素原子数が2~12個の直鎖又は分岐構造を有するアルキレングリコール残基を表す。)
(ただし、一般式(2)中、A1及びA2は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、芳香族炭化水素環基又は芳香族複素環基を表す。Bは、芳香族炭化水素環又は芳香族複素環を表す。T1及びT2は、それぞれ独立に、1,2,4-トリアゾール環を表す。L1、L2、L3及びL4は、それぞれ独立に、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。nは0~5の整数を表す。)
当該偏光子と当該位相差フィルムとが、アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤で貼合されており、
当該位相差フィルムは、少なくともセルロースエステルと、
当該アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤の浸透性を抑制する化合物と、
を含有する樹脂組成物から作製された位相差フィルムであり、
当該セルロースエステルのアシル基置換度が、下記式(I)を満たし、
かつ当該位相差フィルムへの当該アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤の浸透性を評価する試験液として4-ヒドロキシジブチルアクリレートを用いたときの、当該試験液の浸透深さが、
50℃・30秒間で、0.1~1.0μmの範囲内であることを特徴とする。
(ただし、式(I)中、Xはアセチル基置換度、Yはプロピオニル基置換度又はブチリル基置換度を表す。)
この特徴は、請求項1から請求項11までの請求項に係る発明に共通する技術的特徴である。
本発明の偏光板は、位相差フィルムと保護フィルムが、それぞれ偏光子のいずれか一方の面に対向して貼合された偏光板であって、当該偏光子と当該位相差フィルムとが、アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤で貼合されており、当該位相差フィルムは、少なくともセルロースエステルと当該アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤の浸透性を抑制する化合物とを含有する樹脂組成物から作製された位相差フィルムであり、当該セルロースエステルのアシル基置換度が、下記式(I)を満たし、かつ当該位相差フィルムへの当該アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤の浸透性を評価する試験液として4-ヒドロキシジブチルアクリレートを用いたときの、当該試験液の浸透深さが、50℃・30秒間で、0.1~1.0μmの範囲内であることが特徴である。
(ただし、式(I)中、Xはアセチル基置換度、Yはプロピオニル基置換度又はブチリル基置換度を表す。)
本発明に係る位相差フィルムとは、視野角拡大効果を有する位相差フィルムであり、VA型液晶表示装置の視野角特性を改善する目的で偏光板に用いられる位相差フィルムである。また、一般に偏光板の保護フィルムとしての機能も有する。
本発明に係る位相差フィルムに用いられるセルロースエステルは、アシル基置換度が、下記式(I)を満たすものである。
ただし、式中、Xは、アセチル基置換度、Yは、プロピオニル基置換度又はブチリル基置換度を表す。
本発明に用いられるセルロースエステルのアシル基置換度について以下に説明する。
セルロースはβ-グルコースがグリコシド結合で直鎖状に重合した樹脂で、構成単位であるグルコース単位は、2位、3位及び6位にヒドロキシ基を有している。本発明に係るセルロースエステルは、これらのヒドロキシ基の一部をアシル基によりエステル化した重合体である。
アシル基の置換度の測定方法はASTM-D817-96に準じて測定することができる。
カラム : Shodex K806、K805、K803G(昭和電工(株)製を3本接続して使用した)
カラム温度:25℃
試料濃度 : 0.1質量%
検出器 : RI Model 504(GLサイエンス社製)
ポンプ : L6000(日立製作所(株)製)
流量 : 1.0ml/min
校正曲線 : 標準ポリスチレンSTK standard ポリスチレン(東ソー(株)製)Mw=500~1000000の13サンプルによる校正曲線を使用した。13サンプルは、ほぼ等間隔に用いる。
本発明において、アクリル系硬化型接着剤の浸透性を抑制する化合物としては、具体的には、下記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する多価アルコールエステルが好ましい。
B1-G1-B2
ただし、上記一般式(1)において、B1及びB2は、それぞれ独立に脂肪族モノカルボン酸残基又は芳香族モノカルボン酸残基を表す。G1は、炭素原子数が2~12個の直鎖又は分岐構造を有するアルキレングリコール残基を表す。
本願発明は浸透性を抑制する化合物無添加のフィルムを比較として、上記浸透深さを低下させることで接着性を改善しており、浸透深さ1.0μm以下が有効であることを確認している。下限値の0.1μmは、0.1μmまでは実験で確認できたが、0.1μm未満は実験で得られていない領域であって未確認である。よって、請求項では有効性が確認できた0.1~1.0μmの範囲内を本発明としている。
4HBAを100質量部、重合開始剤として、「Irgacure819」(BASFジャパン社製)を3質量部混合して、50℃で1時間撹拌し、浸透深さ測定用試験液(アクリル系硬化型接着剤試験液)を得た。その後、当該測定用の試験液を50℃に加温し、光学フィルムに2.0μmの厚さで均一に塗布を行い、塗布後30秒の後、照射装置として「Light HAMMER10(ガリウム封入メタルハライドランプ)」(Fusion UV Systems,Inc社製)を用いて、以下の条件で紫外線を照射し、接着剤層を硬化させた。照射条件は、バルブ:Vバルブ、ピーク照度:1600mW/cm2、積算照射量(積算光量):1000mJ/cm2(波長380~440nm)とする。
本発明に係る位相差フィルムを形成する樹脂組成物は、少なくともセルロースエステルとアクリル系硬化型接着剤の浸透を抑制する化合物に加えて5員又は6員の芳香族複素環基を有する化合物(以下、「芳香族複素環化合物」ともいう。)とを含有する樹脂組成物であることが好ましい。
前記一般式(2)において、T1及びT2は置換基を有してもよく、該置換基としては、前記一般式(2)におけるA1及びA2が有してもよい置換基と同様の基を挙げることができる。
mが小さい方がセルロースエステルとの相溶性に優れるため、mは0~3の整数であることがより好ましい。
次に、前記一般式(2)で表される構造を有する化合物の合成方法について説明する。
一般式(2)で表される構造を有する化合物は、いかなる原料を用いても構わないが、ニトリル誘導体又はイミノエーテル誘導体と、ヒドラジド誘導体を反応させる方法が好ましい。反応に用いる溶媒としては、原料と反応しないと溶媒であれば、いかなる溶媒でも構わないが、エステル系(例えば、酢酸エチル、酢酸メチル等)、アミド系(例えば、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミド等)、エーテル系(例えば、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル等)、アルコール系(例えば、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、n-ブタノール、2-ブタノール、エチレングリコール、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル等)、芳香族炭化水素系(例えば、トルエン、キシレン等)、水を挙げられることができる。使用する溶媒として、好ましくは、アルコール系溶媒である。また、これらの溶媒は、混合して用いても良い。
例示化合物H-1は、以下のスキームによって合成することができる。
例示化合物H-6は以下のスキームによって合成することができる。
その他の化合物についても同様の方法によって合成が可能である。
本発明に係る前記一般式(2)で表される構造を有する化合物は、適宜量を調整して光学フィルムに含有することができるが、添加量としては、本発明に係る位相差フィルムを形成するセルロースエステル100質量部に対して、1~10質量部であることが好ましく、特に、2~10質量部含むことが好ましい。この範囲内であれば、本発明に係る位相差フィルムの機械強度を損なうことなく、環境湿度の変化に依存した光学値の変動を低減することができる。
本発明に係る位相差フィルムには、セルロースエステル以外の糖エステルを含有することが好ましい。糖エステルを含有させることによって、セルロースエステルを可塑化する効果を得ることができる。
(HO)m-G-(O-C(=O)-R2)n
上記一般式(4)において、Gは、単糖類又は二糖類の残基を表し、R2は、脂肪族基又は芳香族基を表し、mは、単糖類又は二糖類の残基に直接結合しているヒドロキシ基の数の合計であり、nは、単糖類又は二糖類の残基に直接結合している-(O-C(=O)-R2)基の数の合計であり、3≦m+n≦8であり、n≠0である。
以下に、本発明に好適に用いることのできる糖エステルの合成の一例を示す。
本発明に係る位相差フィルムにおいては、本発明の目的とする効果を損なわない範囲で、従来公知の添加剤を用いることができる。
本発明においては、可塑剤の一つとして、糖エステル以外のポリエステルを用いることができる。
B1-(G1-A)n-G1-B2
上記一般式(5)において、B1及びB2は、それぞれ独立に脂肪族又は芳香族モノカルボン酸残基を表す。G1は、炭素原子数2~12個のアルキレングリコール残基、炭素原子数6~12個のアリールグリコール残基又は炭素原子数が4~12個のオキシアルキレングリコール残基を表す。Aは、炭素原子数4~12個のアルキレンジカルボン酸残基又は炭素原子数6~12個のアリールジカルボン酸残基を表す。nは1以上の整数を表す。
エチレングリコール180g、無水フタル酸278g、アジピン酸91g、安息香酸610g、エステル化触媒としてテトライソプロピルチタネート0.191gを、温度計、撹拌器、還流冷却管を備えた2Lの四つ口フラスコに仕込み、窒素気流中230℃になるまで、撹拌しながら徐々に昇温する。重合度を観察しながら脱水縮合反応させた。反応終了後200℃で未反応のエチレングリコールを減圧留去することにより、ポリエステルP1を得た。酸価0.20、重量平均分子量450であった。
1,2-プロピレングリコール251g、無水フタル酸244g、アジピン酸103g、安息香酸610g、エステル化触媒としてテトライソプロピルチタネート0.191gを、温度計、撹拌器、還流冷却管を備えた2Lの四つ口フラスコに仕込み、窒素気流中230℃になるまで、撹拌しながら徐々に昇温する。重合度を観察しながら脱水縮合反応させた。反応終了後200℃で未反応の1,2-プロピレングリコールを減圧留去することにより、ポリエステルP2を得た。酸価0.10、重量平均分子量450であった。
1,4-ブタンジオール330g、無水フタル酸244g、アジピン酸103g、安息香酸610g、エステル化触媒としてテトライソプロピルチタネート0.191gを、温度計、撹拌器、還流冷却管を備えた2Lの四つ口フラスコに仕込み、窒素気流中230℃になるまで、撹拌しながら徐々に昇温する。重合度を観察しながら脱水縮合反応させた。反応終了後200℃で未反応の1,4-ブタンジオールを減圧留去することにより、ポリエステルP3を得た。酸価0.50、重量平均分子量2000であった。
1,2-プロピレングリコール251g、テレフタル酸354g、安息香酸610g、エステル化触媒としてテトライソプロピルチタネート0.191gを、温度計、撹拌器、還流冷却管を備えた2Lの四つ口フラスコに仕込み、窒素気流中230℃になるまで、撹拌しながら徐々に昇温する。重合度を観察しながら脱水縮合反応させた。反応終了後200℃で未反応の1,2-プロピレングリコールを減圧留去することにより、ポリエステルP4を得た。酸価0.10、重量平均分子量400であった。
1,2-プロピレングリコール251g、テレフタル酸354g、p-トロイル酸680g、エステル化触媒としてテトライソプロピルチタネート0.191gを、温度計、撹拌器、還流冷却管を備えた2Lの四つ口フラスコに仕込み、窒素気流中230℃になるまで、撹拌しながら徐々に昇温する。重合度を観察しながら脱水縮合反応させた。反応終了後200℃で未反応の1,2-プロピレングリコールを減圧留去することにより、ポリエステルP5を得た。酸価0.30、重量平均分子量400であった。
180gの1,2-プロピレングリコール、292gのアジピン酸、エステル化触媒としてテトライソプロピルチタネート0.191gを、温度計、撹拌器、還流冷却管を備えた2Lの四つ口フラスコに仕込み、窒素気流中200℃になるまで、撹拌しながら徐々に昇温する。重合度を観察しながら脱水縮合反応させた。反応終了後200℃で未反応の1,2-プロピレングリコールを減圧留去することにより、ポリエステルP6を得た。酸価0.10、重量平均分子量400であった。
160gのエチレングリコール、292gのアジピン酸、エステル化触媒としてテトライソプロピルチタネート0.191gを、温度計、撹拌器、還流冷却管を備えた2Lの四つ口フラスコに仕込み、窒素気流中200℃になるまで、撹拌しながら徐々に昇温する。重合度を観察しながら脱水縮合反応させた。反応終了後200℃で未反応のエチレングリコールを減圧留去することにより、ポリエステルP7を得た。酸価0.10、重量平均分子量1000であった。
エチレングリコール251g、無水フタル酸244g、セバシン酸200g、安息香酸610g、エステル化触媒としてテトライソプロピルチタネート0.191gを、温度計、撹拌器、還流冷却管を備えた2Lの四つ口フラスコに仕込み、窒素気流中230℃になるまで、撹拌しながら徐々に昇温する。重合度を観察しながら脱水縮合反応させた。反応終了後200℃で未反応のエチレングリコールを減圧留去することにより、ポリエステルP8を得た。酸価0.50、重量平均分子量2000であった。
本発明においては、リン酸エステル化合物を用いることができる。リン酸エステル化合物としては、トリアリールリン酸エステル、ジアリールリン酸エステル、モノアリールリン酸エステル、アリールホスホン酸化合物、アリールホスフィンオキシド化合物、縮合アリールリン酸エステル、ハロゲン化アルキルリン酸エステル、含ハロゲン縮合リン酸エステル、含ハロゲン縮合ホスホン酸エステル、含ハロゲン亜リン酸エステル等が挙げることができる。
本発明に係る位相差フィルムは、耐光性を向上する観点から紫外線吸収剤を含有してもよい。紫外線吸収剤は400nm以下の紫外線を吸収することで、耐光性を向上させることを目的としており、特に波長370nmでの透過率が10%以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは5%以下、更に好ましくは2%以下である。
酸化防止剤は劣化防止剤ともいわれる。高湿高温の状態に有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置などが置かれた場合には、位相差フィルムの劣化が起こる場合がある。
《セルロースエステルフィルムの製造方法》
次に、本発明に係る位相差フィルムに用いられるセルロースエステルフィルムの製造方法について説明する。
なお、Mはウェブ又はフィルムを製造中又は製造後の任意の時点で採取した試料の質量で、NはMを115℃で1時間の加熱後の質量である。
本発明に係る位相差フィルムは、VA用位相差フィルムとして用いることができる。本発明において、位相差フィルムの位相差値Ro及びRtは、以下の範囲内であることが好ましい。
得られたフィルムから試料35mm×35mmを切り出し、23℃・55%RHで2時間調湿し、自動複屈折計(KOBRA21DH、王子計測機器(株))で、590nmにおける垂直方向から測定した値とフィルム面を傾けながら同様に測定した位相差値の外挿値より算出する。
本発明において好ましい位相差値Ro、Rtを得るには、セルロースエステルフィルムが本発明の構成をとり、さらに搬送張力の制御、延伸操作により屈折率制御を行うことが好ましい。
本発明に係るセルロースエステルフィルムの透湿度は、40℃、90%RHで300~1800g/m2・24hが好ましく、さらに400~1500g/m2・24hが好ましく、40~1300g/m2・24hが特に好ましい。透湿度はJIS Z 0208に記載の方法に従い測定することができる。
本発明に係るアクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤(アクリル系硬化型接着剤)は、硬化性成分として、組成物全量を100質量%としたとき、SP値(溶解性パラメーター)が29.0~32.0(kJ/m3)1/2の範囲内であるラジカル重合性化合物(A)を20~60質量%、SP値が18.0(kJ/m3)1/2以上21.0(kJ/m3)1/2未満の範囲内であるラジカル重合性化合物(B)を10~30質量%、及びSP値が21.0~23.0(kJ/m3)1/2の範囲内であるラジカル重合性化合物(C)を20~60質量%含有することが好ましい。なお、本発明において、「組成物全量」とは、ラジカル重合性化合物に加えて、各種開始剤や添加剤を含む全量を意味するものとする。
偏光板の主たる構成要素である偏光子とは、一定方向の偏波面の光だけを通す素子であり、現在知られている代表的な偏光子は、ポリビニルアルコール系偏光フィルムで、これはポリビニルアルコール系フィルムにヨウ素を染色させたものと二色性染料を染色させたものがある。
本発明の偏光板に用いられる保護フィルムとしては、一般に偏光板の保護フィルムとして用いられるものを用いることができる。
偏光板は、偏光子と位相差フィルムとの接着面のうち、少なくとも一方に、前述のアクリル系硬化型接着剤を塗布して接着剤層を形成する接着剤塗布工程と、当該接着剤層を介して偏光子と位相差フィルムとを接着し、貼り合わせる貼合工程と、当該接着剤層を介して偏光子と位相差フィルムとが接着された状態で接着剤層を硬化させる硬化工程とを含む製造方法によって製造することができる。また、位相差フィルムの偏光子を接着する面を易接着処理する前処理工程があってもよい。
前処理工程では、偏光子と接着する位相差フィルムの表面が易接着処理される。偏光子の両面にそれぞれ位相差フィルム及び保護フィルムが接着される場合は、位相差フィルム及び保護フィルムのそれぞれに対し易接着処理が行われる。次の接着剤塗布工程では、易接着処理された表面が偏光子との貼合面として扱われるので、位相差フィルムの両表面のうち、アクリル系硬化型接着剤と貼合する面に、易接着処理を施す。易接着処理としては、コロナ処理、プラズマ処理等が挙げられる。
接着剤塗布工程では、偏光子と位相差フィルムとの接着面のうち少なくとも一方に、上記アクリル系硬化型接着剤が塗布される。偏光子又は位相差フィルムの表面に直接、アクリル系硬化型接着剤を塗布する場合、その塗布方法に特別な限定はない。例えば、ドクターブレード、ワイヤーバー、ダイコーター、カンマコーター、グラビアコーター等、種々の湿式塗布方式が利用できる。また、偏光子と位相差フィルムの間に、アクリル系硬化型接着剤を流延させたのち、ローラー等で加圧して均一に押し広げる方法も利用できる。
上記の方法によりアクリル系硬化型接着剤を塗布した後は、貼合工程で処理される。この貼合工程では、例えば、先の塗布工程で偏光子の表面にアクリル系硬化型接着剤を塗布した場合、そこに位相差フィルムが重ね合わされる。先の塗布工程で位相差フィルムの表面にアクリル系硬化型接着剤を塗布した場合は、そこに偏光子が重ね合わされる。また、偏光子と位相差フィルムの間にアクリル系硬化型接着剤を流延させた場合は、その状態で偏光子と位相差フィルムとが重ね合わされる。
硬化工程では、未硬化のアクリル系硬化型接着剤に活性エネルギー線を照射して、カチオン重合性化合物(例えば、エポキシ化合物やオキセタン化合物)やラジカル重合性化合物(例えば、アクリレート系化合物、アクリルアミド系化合物等)を含むアクリル系硬化型接着剤を硬化させ、アクリル系硬化型接着剤を介して重ね合わせた偏光子と位相差フィルム、あるいは偏光子と位相差フィルムとを接着させる。偏光子の片面に位相差フィルムを貼合する場合、活性エネルギー線は、偏光子側又は位相差フィルム側のいずれから照射してもよい。また、偏光子の両面に位相差フィルム及び保護フィルムを貼合する場合、偏光子の両面にそれぞれアクリル系硬化型接着剤を介して位相差フィルム及び保護フィルムを重ね合わせた状態で、活性エネルギー線を照射し、両面のアクリル系硬化型接着剤を同時に硬化させるのが有利である。
本発明の偏光板はVA型液晶表示装置に用いられる。
<セルロースエステルフィルム101の作製>
〈微粒子分散液1〉
微粒子(アエロジル R972V 日本アエロジル(株)製)11質量部
エタノール 89質量部
以上をディゾルバーで50分間撹拌混合した後、マントンゴーリンで分散を行い微粒子分散液1を調製した。
メチレンクロライドを入れた溶解タンクに十分撹拌しながら、上記のようにして調製した微粒子分散液1をゆっくりと添加した。さらに、二次粒子の粒径が所定の大きさとなるようにアトライターにて分散を行った。これを日本精線(株)製のファインメットNFでろ過し、微粒子添加液1を調製した。
メチレンクロライド 99質量部
微粒子分散液1 5質量部
下記組成の主ドープを調製した。まず加圧溶解タンクにメチレンクロライドとエタノールを添加した。溶剤の入った加圧溶解タンクにセルロースエステルC2と多価アルコールエステルE-1を撹拌しながら投入した。これを加熱し、撹拌しながら、完全に溶解し、これを安積濾紙(株)製の安積濾紙No.244を使用してろ過し、主ドープを調製した。
メチレンクロライド 340質量部
エタノール 64質量部
セルロースエステルC2 100質量部
多価アルコールエステルE-1 15質量部
微粒子添加液1 1質量部
以上を密閉容器に投入し、撹拌しながら溶解して主ドープを調製した。次いで、無端ベルト流延装置を用い、主ドープを温度33℃、1500mm幅でステンレスベルト支持体上に均一に流延した。ステンレスベルトの温度は30℃に制御した。
セルロースエステルフィルム101の作製において、主ドープの組成を下記のようにしたほかは同様にして、セルロースエステルフィルム102を作製した。
メチレンクロライド 340質量部
エタノール 64質量部
セルロースエステルC3 100質量部
多価アルコールエステルE-1 15質量部
微粒子添加液1 1質量部
主ドープにおけるセルロースエステル誘導体、多価アルコールエステル、5員又は6員の複素環基を有する化合物及び糖エステルの種類と添加量を表2及び表3のようにしたほかは同様にして、セルロースエステルフィルム103~143を作製した。
セルロースエステルフィルム101の作製において、多価アルコールエステルをポリエステル系化合物P14に替え、主ドープの組成を下記のようにした他は同様にして、セルロースエステルフィルム144を作製した。
メチレンクロライド 340質量部
エタノール 64質量部
セルロースエステルC1 100質量部
ポリエステル系化合物P14 4質量部
複素環基を有する化合物H-92 4質量部
糖エステルa3 10質量部
微粒子添加液1 1質量部
《位相差値Ro、Rtの測定》
上記得られたフィルムから試料35mm×35mmを切り出し、23℃・55%RHで2時間調湿し、自動複屈折計「KOBRA21ADH」(王子計測機器(株)製)で、590nmにおける垂直方向から測定した値とフィルム面を傾けながら同様に測定した位相差値の外挿値より算出した。
4HBAアクリルモノマーを100質量部、Irgacure819(BASFジャパン社製)を3質量部混合して、50℃で1時間撹拌し、浸透深さ測定用の試験液であるアクリル系硬化型接着剤を得た。その後、当該試験液を50℃に加温し、光学フィルムに2.0μmの厚さで均一に塗布を行い、塗布後30秒の後、照射装置としてFusion UV Systems,Inc社製Light HAMMER10(ガリウム封入メタルハライドランプ)を用いて、以下の条件で紫外線を照射し、接着剤層を硬化させた。照射条件は、バルブ:Vバルブ、ピーク照度:1600mW/cm2、積算照射量(積算光量):1000mJ/cm2(波長380~440nm)とした。
<偏光板の作製>
厚さ、120μmのポリビニルアルコールフィルムを、一軸延伸(温度110℃、延伸倍率5倍)した。
ラジカル重合性化合物として、HEAA(ヒドロキシエチルアクリルアミド)興人社製、アロニックスM-220(トリプロピレングリコールジアクリレート)東亞合成社製、ACMO(アクリロイルモルホリン)興人社製をそれぞれ53.5質量%、14.6質量%、29.2質量%、光重合開始剤としてKAYACURE DETX-S(ジエチルチオキサントン)日本化薬社製、Irgacure907(2-メチル-1-(4-メチルチオフェニル)-2-モルホリノプロパン-1-オン)BASFジャパン社製をそれぞれ1.35質量%混合して50℃で1時間撹拌し、アクリル系硬化型接着剤組成物を得た。
活性エネルギー線として、紫外線(ガリウム封入メタルハライドランプ)照射装置:Fusion UV Systems,Inc社製Light HAMMER10 バルブ:Vバルブ ピーク照度:1600mW/cm2、積算照射量(積算光量)1000mJ/cm2(波長380~440nm)を使用した。なお、紫外線の照度は、Solatell社製Sola-Checkシステムを使用して測定した。
得られた偏光板201~244を、それぞれ15mm×150mmのサイズに裁断してサンプルとした。サンプルを両面粘着テープ(日東電工(株)製,No.500)によりガラス板上に貼り付けた。サンプル(偏光板)には、位相差フィルムと偏光子との間にあらかじめ剥離きっかけを設けておき、その剥離きっかけを変角度ピール試験機(旭精工(株)製)にチャックしてピール強度(N/15mm)を測定した。測定条件は、常温(23℃)、ピール角:90度、ピール速度:3000mm/minとした。得られた測定データの50~100mm間のデータを平均化した。
偏光板201~244の本発明に係るセルロースエステルフィルム面に粘着剤層を積層し、偏光子の延伸方向に200mm、垂直方向に400mmの長方形にカットした。ガラス板に上記偏光板をラミネートし、-40~85℃のヒートショック試験を行い、50サイクル後の偏光板を目視観察し、下記の基準に基づき評価した。ヒートショック試験において、-40℃及び85℃での保持時間は30分間、昇温速度及び降温速度は5℃/分で行った。
○:クラックの発生は見られない
△:偏光子の延伸方向に貫通しないクラックが発生した(クラック長さ200mm以下)
×:偏光子の延伸方向に貫通するクラックが発生した(クラック長さ200mm)
上記評価結果を表4に示した。
なお、本発明に係る位相差フィルム101~137は、面内方向の位相差値Roが、40nm≦|Ro|≦100nmの範囲内であり、かつ、膜厚方向の位相差値Rtが、100nm≦|Rt|≦300nmの範囲内であり、VA用の位相差フィルムの位相差値の範囲であり、本発明はVA用の位相差フィルムの位相差値の範囲で有効であることが分かる。
<液晶表示装置の作製>
市販のVA型液晶表示装置(SONY製40型ディスプレイKLV-40J3000)を用い、液晶セルの両面に貼合されていた偏光板を剥離し、上記作製した偏光板203、208、213、218、230、240、241、242を、図1で示すように液晶セルの両面に貼合してVA型液晶表示装置301~308を作製した。その際、偏光板の吸収軸の向きはあらかじめ貼合されていた偏光板と同じ向きに調整した。
上記作製した各液晶表示装置について、下記の評価を行い、結果を表5に示した。
上記作製した液晶表示装置表面に水を浸したベンコット(旭化成せんい社製)を載せ、水分が蒸発しない状態で30時間保持した。次いで、各液晶表示装置を点灯し、表示画面の均一性を目視評価し、下記の基準に従って耐湿性の評価を行った。
A:色むらの発生が全く認められない
B:弱い色むらの発生が認められるが、実用上問題のない品質である
C:強い色むらが発生し、耐湿性に問題のある品質である
102 保護フィルム
103A、103B アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤
104 偏光子
105 位相差フィルム
107 液晶セル
108 液晶表示装置
BL バックライト
Claims (11)
- 位相差フィルムと保護フィルムが、それぞれ偏光子のいずれか一方の面に対向して貼合された偏光板であって、
当該偏光子と当該位相差フィルムとが、アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤で貼合されており、
当該位相差フィルムは、少なくともセルロースエステルと、
当該アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤の浸透性を抑制する化合物と、
を含有する樹脂組成物から作製された位相差フィルムであり、
当該セルロースエステルのアシル基置換度が、下記式(I)を満たし、
かつ当該位相差フィルムへの当該アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤の浸透性を評価する試験液として4-ヒドロキシジブチルアクリレートを用いたときの、当該試験液の浸透深さが、
50℃・30秒間で、0.1~1.0μmの範囲内であることを特徴とする偏光板。
式(I):2.0≦X+Y≦2.6
(ただし、式(I)中、Xはアセチル基置換度、Yはプロピオニル基置換度又はブチリル基置換度を表す。) - 前記位相差フィルムが、測定波長590nm、23℃・55%RH環境下において、面内方向の位相差値Roが、40nm≦|Ro|≦100nmの範囲内であり、かつ、膜厚方向の位相差値Rtが、100nm≦|Rt|≦300nmの範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の偏光板。
- 前記アクリル系活性エネルギー線硬化型接着剤の浸透性を抑制する化合物が、下記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する多価アルコールエステルであることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の偏光板。
一般式(1)
B1-G1-B2
(ただし、一般式(1)中、B1及びB2は、それぞれ独立に脂肪族モノカルボン酸残基又は芳香族モノカルボン酸残基を表す。G1は、炭素原子数が2~12個の直鎖又は分岐構造を有するアルキレングリコール残基を表す。) - 前記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する多価アルコールエステルにおけるB1及びB2が、いずれも炭素原子数が1~10個の範囲内にある脂肪族モノカルボン酸残基であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の偏光板。
- 前記多価アルコールエステルの含有量が、前記セルロースエステル100質量部に対して1~10質量部の範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4に記載の偏光板。
- 前記樹脂組成物が、5員又は6員の芳香族複素環基を有する化合物を含有していることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか一項に記載の偏光板。
- 前記5員又は6員の芳香族複素環基を有する化合物の含有量が、前記セルロースエステル100質量部に対して、1~10質量部の範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項6又は請求項7に記載の偏光板。
- 前記樹脂組成物が、糖エステルを含有していることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項8までのいずれか一項に記載の偏光板。
- 前記糖エステルの含有量が、前記セルロースエステル100質量部に対して、1~20質量部の範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の偏光板。
- 請求項1から請求項10までのいずれか一項に記載の偏光板を用いたことを特徴とするVA型液晶表示装置。
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| CN201480041919.3A CN105408782B (zh) | 2013-07-23 | 2014-06-13 | 偏振片及va型液晶显示装置 |
| JP2015528192A JP6358253B2 (ja) | 2013-07-23 | 2014-06-13 | 偏光板及びva型液晶表示装置 |
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Cited By (5)
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| US20160282533A1 (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-09-29 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Optical laminate |
| WO2018230122A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-20 | Dic株式会社 | エステル樹脂、反可塑化剤、セルロースエステル樹脂組成物、光学フィルム及び液晶表示装置 |
| WO2019058778A1 (ja) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-28 | 日東電工株式会社 | 積層光学フィルムおよびその製造方法、ならびに画像表示装置 |
| JP2019056932A (ja) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-11 | 日東電工株式会社 | 積層光学フィルムおよびその製造方法、ならびに画像表示装置 |
| EP3680693A1 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-15 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Protective film, manufacturing method thereof, and method of manufacturing display device using the same |
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| CN110275239B (zh) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-04-27 | 昆山工研院新型平板显示技术中心有限公司 | 一种偏光片、显示面板及显示面板的制备方法 |
| JPWO2023199849A1 (ja) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-10-19 | ||
| CN116265515B (zh) * | 2022-12-16 | 2025-09-12 | 乐凯光电材料有限公司 | 一种高粘结强度的tac膜及其制备方法 |
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| JP2019056932A (ja) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-11 | 日東電工株式会社 | 積層光学フィルムおよびその製造方法、ならびに画像表示装置 |
| EP3680693A1 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-15 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Protective film, manufacturing method thereof, and method of manufacturing display device using the same |
| US11800737B2 (en) | 2019-01-11 | 2023-10-24 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Protective film, manufacturing method thereof, and method of manufacturing display device using the same |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JPWO2015012014A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
| TWI516813B (zh) | 2016-01-11 |
| KR20160022367A (ko) | 2016-02-29 |
| CN105408782B (zh) | 2018-01-16 |
| JP6358253B2 (ja) | 2018-07-18 |
| TW201508351A (zh) | 2015-03-01 |
| CN105408782A (zh) | 2016-03-16 |
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