WO2015093499A1 - フィルム - Google Patents
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- WO2015093499A1 WO2015093499A1 PCT/JP2014/083327 JP2014083327W WO2015093499A1 WO 2015093499 A1 WO2015093499 A1 WO 2015093499A1 JP 2014083327 W JP2014083327 W JP 2014083327W WO 2015093499 A1 WO2015093499 A1 WO 2015093499A1
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- molecular weight
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a film containing specific polyvinyl alcohol and a method for producing the same.
- PVA Polyvinyl alcohol
- PVA is known as a water-soluble synthetic polymer.
- PVA is particularly excellent in strength characteristics and film-forming properties as compared with other synthetic polymers, and is frequently used in various applications such as films.
- PVA is easily colored by heating.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method for producing PVA using a peroxyester compound having a predetermined structure as an initiator used for polymerization of vinyl ester. Patent Document 1 describes that the manufactured PVA is difficult to be colored by heating.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for producing PVA in which a polyvinyl acetate monomer having a content of an inhibitor (polymerization inhibitor) of 10 ppm or less is polymerized to obtain polyvinyl acetate, and then the polyvinyl acetate is hydrolyzed. Are listed. Patent Document 2 describes that the produced PVA is less colored.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and provides a film containing PVA, which is less colored by heating and excellent in dispersion even when it contains a surfactant. For the purpose.
- the present inventors have found that a specific film using PVA that satisfies specific requirements is less colored by heating and includes a surfactant.
- the present inventors have found that it is excellent in a dispersed state, and further studied based on the knowledge to complete the present invention.
- the above-mentioned problems include PVA having a saponification degree of 50 to 99.99 mol% and a viscosity average polymerization degree of 200 to 5,000, and the content of the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid in terms of the mass of the alkali metal.
- a differential refractive index detector when the film is 0.5% by mass or less and the PVA heated at 120 ° C. for 3 hours is measured by gel permeation chromatography (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as GPC).
- the peak top molecular weight (A) measured by (1) and the peak top molecular weight (B) measured by an absorptiometric detector (measurement wavelength: 280 nm) are represented by the following formula (1): (AB) / A ⁇ 0.75 (1) And a film having an absorbance at the peak top molecular weight (B) of 0.25 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 3.00 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 is solved.
- hexafluoroisopropanol may be abbreviated as HFIP.
- Sample concentration 1.00 mg / mL
- Sample injection volume 100 ⁇ L
- Flow rate 1 mL / min
- Absorbance detector cell length 10 mm It is.
- a film containing PVA which is less colored by heating and excellent in its dispersed state even when it contains a surfactant, can be obtained.
- the PVA in the present invention is a PVA having a saponification degree of 50 to 99.99 mol% and a viscosity average polymerization degree of 200 to 5,000, and when the PVA heated at 120 ° C. for 3 hours is measured by GPC.
- the peak top molecular weight (A) measured with a differential refractive index detector and the peak top molecular weight (B) measured with an absorptiometric detector (measurement wavelength 280 nm) are expressed by the following formula (1).
- the absorbance at the peak top molecular weight (B) is 0.25 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 3.00 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 .
- a GPC apparatus having a differential refractive index detector and an absorptiometric detector and capable of simultaneously performing measurement by these detectors is used. It is necessary to use an absorptiometric detector that can measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 280 nm, and it is preferable to use an absorptivity detector that can simultaneously measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 280 nm and the absorbance at a wavelength of 320 nm.
- a cell having a cell length (optical path length) of 10 mm is used as the cell of the detection unit of the absorptiometer.
- the absorptiometric detector may measure the absorption of ultraviolet light having a specific wavelength, or may measure the absorption of ultraviolet light having a specific range of wavelengths.
- the PVA subjected to the measurement is separated into each molecular weight component by a GPC column.
- the signal intensity by the differential refractive index detector is approximately proportional to the concentration of PVA (mg / mL).
- the PVA detected by the absorptiometric detector is only PVA having absorption at a predetermined wavelength.
- the concentration and absorbance at a predetermined wavelength can be measured for each molecular weight component of PVA.
- HFIP containing sodium trifluoroacetate at a concentration of 20 mmol / L is used as a solvent and mobile phase used for dissolving PVA measured in the GPC measurement.
- HFIP can dissolve PVA and polymethyl methacrylate (hereinafter abbreviated as PMMA). Further, by adding sodium trifluoroacetate, the adsorption of PVA to the column filler is prevented.
- the flow rate in the GPC measurement is 1 mL / min, and the column temperature is 40 ° C.
- standard PMMA monodisperse PMMA
- Several types of standard PMMA with different molecular weights are measured, and a calibration curve is created from the GPC elution volume and the molecular weight of the standard PMMA.
- a calibration curve created using the detector is used for measurement by the differential refractive index detector, and a calibration curve created using the detector is used for measurement by the absorptiometric detector.
- the GPC elution volume is converted into the molecular weight, and the peak top molecular weight (A) and the peak top molecular weight (B) are determined.
- ⁇ PVA is heated at 120 ° C for 3 hours before the GPC measurement.
- PVA is heated by the following method. That is, first, an aqueous solution in which PVA powder is dissolved is cast, and then dried at 23 ° C. and 50% RH to obtain a film.
- the film has a thickness of 30 to 75 ⁇ m, preferably 40 to 60 ⁇ m.
- the film is heated at 120 ° C. for 3 hours using a hot air dryer. From the viewpoint of suppressing heat treatment errors between samples, a gear oven is preferable as the hot air dryer.
- a heated PVA (film) is dissolved in the solvent described above to obtain a measurement sample.
- the concentration of PVA in the measurement sample is 1.00 mg / mL, and the injection volume is 100 ⁇ L.
- an appropriately diluted sample injection amount 100 ⁇ L is used.
- Absorbance is proportional to the concentration of PVA. Therefore, the absorbance when the PVA concentration is 1.00 mg / mL is obtained using the concentration of the diluted sample and the actually measured absorbance.
- FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the molecular weight obtained by GPC measurement of PVA and the value measured by the differential refractive index detector, and the molecular weight and the absorptiometric detector (measurement wavelength). It is the graph which showed the relationship with the light absorbency measured by 280 nm.
- the chromatogram indicated by “RI” is a plot of the value measured by the differential refractive index detector against the molecular weight (horizontal axis) of PVA converted from the elution volume.
- the molecular weight at the peak position in the chromatogram is defined as peak top molecular weight (A).
- peak top molecular weight (A) When there are a plurality of peaks in the chromatogram, the molecular weight at the peak position where the peak height is the highest is the peak top molecular weight (A).
- the chromatogram indicated by “UV” is a plot of the absorbance measured by an absorptiometric detector (measurement wavelength 280 nm) against the molecular weight (horizontal axis) of PVA converted from the elution volume. .
- the molecular weight at the peak position in the chromatogram is defined as peak top molecular weight (B).
- peak top molecular weight (B) the molecular weight at the peak position where the peak height is the highest is the peak top molecular weight (B).
- the PVA has a peak top molecular weight (A) measured with a differential refractive index detector and a peak top molecular weight (B) measured with an absorptiometric detector (measurement wavelength 280 nm) when GPC measurement is performed by the above-described method. ) Satisfies the following formula (1). (AB) / A ⁇ 0.75 (1)
- the peak top molecular weight (A) is a value serving as an index of the molecular weight of PVA.
- the peak top molecular weight (B) is derived from a component present in PVA and having absorption at 280 nm.
- (AB) / A becomes a positive value.
- the low molecular weight component contains more components that absorb ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 280 nm. In this case, it is difficult to obtain a film that is less colored by heating and that is excellent in its dispersed state even if it contains a surfactant. From such a viewpoint, (AB) / A is preferably less than 0.70, and more preferably less than 0.65.
- the PVA needs to have an absorbance (measurement wavelength of 280 nm) at the peak top molecular weight (B) of 0.25 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 3.00 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 when GPC is measured by the above-described method.
- the absorbance is less than 0.25 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 , it is difficult to obtain a film having an excellent dispersion state of the surfactant.
- the absorbance exceeds 3.00 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 , it becomes difficult to obtain a film that is less colored by heating.
- the absorbance is preferably 0.50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 2.80 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3, and more preferably 0.75 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 2.50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 .
- the peak top molecular weight (A) measured by the differential refractive index detector and the spectrophotometric detection in the GPC measurement is represented by the following formula (2) (AC) / A ⁇ 0.75 (2) It is preferable to satisfy.
- the peak top molecular weight (C) is measured in the same manner as the peak top molecular weight (B) except that the measurement wavelength in the absorptiometric detector is 320 nm.
- the peak top molecular weight (C) is derived from a component present in PVA and having an absorption at 320 nm.
- (AC) / A becomes a positive value.
- the low molecular weight component contains more components that absorb ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 320 nm.
- (AC) / A is more preferably less than 0.70, and still more preferably 0.65. Is less than.
- the PVA has an absorbance (measurement) at the peak top molecular weight (C) when GPC measurement is performed by the method described above
- the wavelength 320) is preferably 0.20 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 2.90 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 .
- the absorbance is more preferably 0.40 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 2.70 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 , and further preferably 0.60 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 2.40 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 .
- the PVA is the number average of the PVA obtained by the differential refractive index detector in the GPC measurement from the viewpoint of the balance between the effect of reducing the colorability by heating and the effect of improving the dispersion state of the surfactant.
- the ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw to the molecular weight Mn is preferably 2.2 to 6.0.
- Mw and Mn are obtained from a chromatogram obtained by plotting the values measured by the differential refractive index detector with respect to the molecular weight of PVA described above.
- Mw and Mn in the present invention are values in terms of PMMA.
- Mn is an average molecular weight that is strongly influenced by a low molecular weight component
- Mw is an average molecular weight that is strongly influenced by a high molecular weight component.
- Mw / Mn is generally used as an index of molecular weight distribution of a polymer. When Mw / Mn is small, it indicates that the polymer has a small proportion of low molecular weight component, and when Mw / Mn is large, it indicates that the polymer has a large proportion of low molecular weight component.
- Mw / Mn when Mw / Mn is less than 2.2, it indicates that the proportion of low molecular weight components is small in PVA. From the viewpoint of obtaining a film that is more excellent in the dispersed state of the surfactant, Mw / Mn is more preferably 2.3 or more. On the other hand, when Mw / Mn exceeds 6.0, it shows that the ratio of a low molecular weight component is large in PVA. From the viewpoint of obtaining a film with less coloring by heating, Mw / Mn is more preferably 3.5 or less, and further preferably 3.0 or less. It is considered that the low molecular weight component in PVA affects the colorability of the film by heating and the dispersion state of the surfactant.
- the viscosity average polymerization degree of the PVA is 200 to 5,000. When the viscosity average polymerization degree is less than 200, the strength of the formed film is insufficient. On the other hand, when the viscosity average degree of polymerization exceeds 5,000, the viscosity of the aqueous solution containing the PVA becomes high and film formation becomes difficult.
- the viscosity average degree of polymerization is preferably 250 to 4,500, more preferably 300 to 4,000, and still more preferably 400 to 3,500.
- the degree of saponification of the PVA is measured according to JIS-K6726.
- the degree of saponification of the PVA is 50 to 99.99 mol%.
- the degree of saponification degree is preferably 60 to 99.8 mol%, more preferably 70 to 99.7 mol%, and still more preferably 80 to 99.6 mol%.
- Examples of the vinyl ester used in the production of the PVA include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl valelate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl pivalate, and versatic. Examples thereof include vinyl acid, and vinyl acetate is particularly preferable.
- the PVA is produced by polymerizing a vinyl ester in the presence of a thiol compound such as 2-mercaptoethanol, n-dodecyl mercaptan, mercaptoacetic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, and saponifying the resulting polyvinyl ester. You can also. By this method, PVA in which a functional group derived from a thiol compound is introduced at the terminal is obtained.
- a thiol compound such as 2-mercaptoethanol, n-dodecyl mercaptan, mercaptoacetic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid
- Examples of methods for polymerizing vinyl esters include known methods such as bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, and emulsion polymerization. Among these methods, a bulk polymerization method performed without a solvent or a solution polymerization method performed using a solvent such as alcohol is usually employed. In terms of enhancing the effect of the present invention, a solution polymerization method in which polymerization is performed together with a lower alcohol is preferable.
- the lower alcohol is not particularly limited, but alcohols having 3 or less carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol are preferable, and methanol is usually used.
- the reaction method When performing the polymerization reaction by the bulk polymerization method or the solution polymerization method, either a batch method or a continuous method can be adopted as the reaction method.
- the initiator used in the polymerization reaction include 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2′-azobis (4-methoxy- 2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) and other azo initiators; organic peroxide initiators such as benzoyl peroxide and n-propyl peroxycarbonate, and the like, which are known initiators as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. It is done.
- organic peroxide initiators having a half-life of 10 to 110 minutes at 60 ° C. are preferred, and peroxydicarbonate is particularly preferred.
- polymerization temperature for carrying out the polymerization reaction, but a range of 5 ° C to 200 ° C is suitable.
- a copolymerizable monomer can be copolymerized as necessary as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- monomers include ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, isobutene, 1-hexene; carboxylic acids such as fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, or the like Derivatives; acrylic acid or salts thereof, acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, etc .; methacrylic acid or salts thereof, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate Methacrylic acid esters such as isopropyl methacrylate; acrylamide; acrylamide derivatives such as N-
- PVA can be obtained by saponifying the polyvinyl ester obtained by the above method in an alcohol solvent.
- an alkaline substance is usually used, and examples thereof include alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, and alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide.
- the amount of the alkaline substance used is preferably in the range of 0.002 to 0.2 in the molar ratio based on the vinyl ester monomer unit of the polyvinyl ester, and in the range of 0.004 to 0.1. It is particularly preferred.
- the catalyst for the saponification reaction may be added all at once in the early stage of the saponification reaction, or a part thereof may be added in the early stage of the saponification reaction and the rest may be added during the saponification reaction.
- Examples of the solvent that can be used for the saponification reaction include methanol, methyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl sulfoxide, and dimethylformamide. Of these solvents, methanol is preferably used. At this time, the water content of methanol is preferably adjusted to 0.001 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.003 to 0.9% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.005 to 0.8% by mass.
- the saponification reaction is preferably performed at a temperature of 5 to 80 ° C., more preferably 20 to 70 ° C.
- the saponification reaction is preferably performed for 5 minutes to 10 hours, more preferably for 10 minutes to 5 hours.
- the saponification reaction can be performed by either a batch method or a continuous method.
- the remaining catalyst may be neutralized as necessary.
- Usable neutralizing agents include organic acids such as acetic acid and lactic acid, and esters such as methyl acetate.
- the alkaline substance containing an alkali metal added during the saponification reaction is usually neutralized by an ester such as methyl acetate generated by the progress of the saponification reaction, or neutralized by a carboxylic acid such as acetic acid added after the reaction. At this time, an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid such as sodium acetate is formed.
- the content of the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid needs to be 0.5% by mass or less in terms of the mass of the alkali metal. To obtain such a film, the PVA may be washed after saponification.
- Examples of the cleaning liquid used in this case include a lower alcohol such as methanol, a solution composed of 100 parts by weight of the lower alcohol and 20 parts by weight or less of water, and a solution composed of the lower alcohol and an ester such as methyl acetate produced in the saponification step. It is done.
- the content of the ester in the solution composed of the lower alcohol and the ester is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1,000 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the lower alcohol.
- the amount of the cleaning liquid added is preferably 100 to 10,000 parts by weight, more preferably 150 to 5,000 parts by weight, and more preferably 200 to 1 part per 100 parts by weight of the gel obtained by saponification and PVA swollen with alcohol. Is more preferable.
- the addition amount of the cleaning liquid is less than 100 parts by mass, the content of the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid may exceed the above range in the obtained film.
- the addition amount of the cleaning liquid exceeds 10,000 parts by mass, it is difficult to expect improvement of the cleaning effect by increasing the addition amount.
- the washing method For example, the step of adding gel (PVA) and a washing solution into a tank and stirring or standing at 5 to 100 ° C. for about 5 to 180 minutes and then removing the liquid is performed. A batch system that repeats until the content of the alkali metal salt of the acid is in a desired range is exemplified. Further, there is a continuous method in which PVA is continuously added from the top of the column at the same temperature and for the same time as the batch method, and a lower alcohol is continuously added from the bottom of the column, and the two are brought into contact with each other.
- the peak top molecular weight (A), the peak top molecular weight (B), the absorbance at the peak top molecular weight (B), the peak top molecular weight (C), and the absorbance at the peak top molecular weight (C) are as described above.
- the following methods can be mentioned.
- a vinyl ester from which a radical polymerization inhibitor contained in the raw material vinyl ester has been removed in advance is used for the polymerization.
- Impurities include aldehydes such as acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, and acrolein; acetaldehyde such as acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal, crotonaldehyde dimethyl acetal, and acrolein dimethyl acetal obtained by acetalizing the aldehyde with a solvent alcohol; ketones such as acetone; methyl acetate and ethyl acetate Ester etc. are mentioned.
- Organic acids specifically hydroxycarboxylic acids such as glycolic acid, glyceric acid, malic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, salicylic acid; malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, phthalic acid, oxalic acid, glutaric acid, etc.
- a carboxylic acid or the like is added to suppress the generation of aldehydes such as acetaldehyde generated by decomposition as much as possible.
- the addition amount of the organic acid is preferably 1 to 500 ppm, more preferably 3 to 300 ppm, and still more preferably 5 to 100 ppm with respect to the starting vinyl ester.
- a solvent having a total impurity content of preferably 1 to 1,200 ppm, more preferably 3 to 1,100 ppm, and further preferably 5 to 1,000 ppm is used.
- the impurities contained in the solvent include those described above as the impurities contained in the raw material vinyl ester.
- Organic peroxide is used as a radical polymerization initiator used for radical polymerization of vinyl ester.
- Organic peroxides include acetyl peroxide, isobutyl peroxide, diisopropyl peroxycarbonate, diallyl peroxydicarbonate, di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate, dimyristyl peroxydicarbonate, di (2-ethoxyethyl) And peroxydicarbonate, di (2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate, di (methoxyisopropyl) peroxydicarbonate, di (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate, and the like. It is preferable to use peroxydicarbonate having a half-life of 10 to 110 minutes.
- an inhibitor When an inhibitor is added after radical polymerization of the vinyl ester in order to suppress polymerization, an inhibitor of 5 molar equivalents or less is added to the remaining undecomposed radical polymerization initiator.
- a compound having a conjugated double bond having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less and stabilizing a radical to inhibit a polymerization reaction can be mentioned.
- isoprene 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-diethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-t-butyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3-ethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl -1,3-pentadiene, 3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 4-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 2,4-hexadiene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene 1,3-octadiene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1-methoxy-1,3-butadiene, 2-methoxy-1,3-butadiene, 2-methoxy-1
- Conjugated dienes from conjugated structures with three carbon-carbon double bonds such as 1,3,5-hexatriene, 2,4,6-octatriene-1-carboxylic acid, eleostearic acid, tung oil, cholecalciferol Conjugated triene: cyclooctatetraene, 2,4,6,8-decatetraene-1-carboxylic acid, retinol, retinoic acid, etc.
- Carbon - include polyenes such as conjugated polyene consisting of carbon-carbon double bond of four or more conjugated structure. Any one having a plurality of stereoisomers such as 1,3-pentadiene, myrcene, and farnesene may be used.
- the residual monomer removal rate is 99% or more, more preferably 99.5% or more, still more preferably 99.8% or more.
- the desired PVA can be obtained by appropriately combining A) to H).
- A) to H By producing a film in which the content of the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid is in a specific range using the PVA thus obtained, there is little coloring due to heating, and even in the case of containing a surfactant, the dispersion state is excellent. A film is easily obtained.
- the film of the present invention contains an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid, and the content thereof is 0.5% by mass or less, preferably 0.37% by mass or less, more preferably 0.8% by mass in terms of alkali metal mass. It is 28 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 0.23 mass% or less. When the said content exceeds 0.5 mass%, it becomes difficult to obtain a film with little coloring by heating.
- a film having such a content can be obtained by adjusting the content of an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid contained in a raw material such as PVA used for production.
- the content of the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid (the alkali metal mass conversion value) is obtained by ashing the PVA or film with a platinum crucible and then measuring the obtained ash content by ICP emission analysis. It can be determined from the amount of metal ions.
- alkali metal salt of carboxylic acid examples include those obtained by neutralizing an alkali catalyst used in the above saponification step, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methylate, etc. with carboxylic acid, and the above polymerization step.
- Carboxylic acid added for the purpose of suppressing the alcoholysis of vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate used in saponification is obtained by neutralization in the saponification process, and as a inhibitor added to stop radical polymerization.
- a carboxylic acid having a heavy bond it includes those obtained by neutralizing the carboxylic acid in a saponification step, or those intentionally added.
- Specific examples include sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium propionate, potassium propionate, sodium glycerate, potassium glycerate, sodium malate, potassium malate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, sodium lactate, potassium lactate, tartaric acid Sodium, potassium tartrate, sodium salicylate, potassium salicylate, sodium malonate, potassium malonate, sodium succinate, potassium succinate, sodium maleate, potassium maleate, sodium phthalate, potassium phthalate, sodium oxalate, potassium oxalate , Sodium glutarate, potassium glutarate, sodium abietic acid, potassium abietic acid, sodium sorbate, potassium sorbate, 2,4,6-octatri Sodium 1,1-carboxylate, potassium 2,4,6-octatriene-1-carboxylate, sodium eleostearate, potassium eleostearate, sodium 2,4,6,8-decatetraene-1-carboxylate 2,4,6,8-decatetraene-1-carboxylate, sodium reti
- the film of the present invention can contain a plasticizer.
- a plasticizer such as glycerol, trimethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, are preferable, and glycerol is especially preferable.
- the plasticizer content is preferably 30 parts by mass or less and more preferably 25 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of PVA. If the plasticizer content exceeds 30 parts by mass, the plasticizer may ooze out on the surface of the film.
- the film of the present invention can contain a surfactant.
- the surfactant include an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and an amphoteric surfactant, and one or more of these can be used.
- anionic surfactant examples include carboxylic acid types such as potassium laurate; sulfate ester types such as octyl sulfate; sulfonic acid types such as dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate; polyoxyethylene lauryl ether phosphate mono Ethanolamine salt, octyl phosphate potassium salt, lauryl phosphate potassium salt, stearyl phosphate potassium salt, octyl ether phosphate potassium salt, dodecyl phosphate sodium salt, tetradecyl phosphate sodium salt, dioctyl phosphate Ester sodium salt, Trioctyl phosphate sodium salt, Polyoxyethylene aryl phenyl ether phosphate potassium salt, Polyoxyethylene aryl Such as E alkenyl ether phosphate amine salts.
- nonionic surfactants include alkyl ether types such as polyoxyethylene oleyl ether and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether; alkylphenyl ether types such as polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether; alkyl ester types such as polyoxyethylene laurate.
- Alkylamine type such as polyoxyethylene lauryl amino ether; alkylamide type such as polyoxyethylene lauric acid amide; polypropylene glycol ether type such as polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether; lauric acid diethanolamide, oleic acid diethanolamide, etc.
- alkanolamide type alkanolamide type
- allyl phenyl ether type such as polyoxyalkylene allyl phenyl ether.
- cationic surfactant examples include amines such as laurylamine hydrochloride; quaternary ammonium salts such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride; and pyridium salts such as laurylbiridinium chloride.
- amphoteric surfactants examples include N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonium betaine.
- the content of the surfactant is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably in the range of 0.02 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of PVA.
- the film of the present invention can contain an inorganic filler.
- the inorganic filler include silica, heavy or light calcium carbonate that may be surface-treated, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, diatomaceous earth, mica, magnesium carbonate, kaolin, halosite, viroferrite, selenium.
- examples include clays such as sites, talc, and the like, and one or more of these can be used.
- silica and talc are preferable from the viewpoint of dispersibility in PVA. It is preferable that content of an inorganic filler is 10 mass parts or less with respect to 100 mass parts of PVA.
- the film of the present invention has a crosslinking agent, a colorant, a fragrance, an extender, an antifoaming agent, a release agent, an ultraviolet absorber, starch, and a resin other than PVA (for example, a water-soluble high-performance material other than PVA).
- a resin other than PVA for example, a water-soluble high-performance material other than PVA.
- Other components such as molecules can be further included as necessary.
- the ratio of the total mass of PVA, plasticizer, surfactant and inorganic filler to the total mass of the film of the present invention is preferably in the range of 50 to 100% by mass, and in the range of 80 to 100% by mass. It is more preferable that the content is within the range of 90 to 100% by mass.
- the thickness of the film of the present invention is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set according to the use and usage of the film of the present invention, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 100 ⁇ m, and in the range of 3 to 50 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is within.
- the thickness of a film can measure the thickness of arbitrary 5 places, and can obtain
- the manufacturing method of the film of this invention which content of the alkali metal salt of carboxylic acid exists in the said range, According to the manufacturing method of this invention which has the process of drying the film forming stock solution containing the said PVA, The film of the present invention can be efficiently produced, which is preferable.
- liquid medium used for preparing the membrane forming stock solution examples include water, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, ethylene glycol, glycerin, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, Trimethylolpropane, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine and the like can be mentioned, and one or more of these can be used.
- water is preferable from the viewpoint of a small environmental load and recoverability.
- concentration of PVA in the film forming stock solution there is no particular limitation on the concentration of PVA in the film forming stock solution, and for example, it can be 0.1 to 50% by mass.
- the method of mixing the PVA with additives such as the above-mentioned plasticizer, surfactant, inorganic filler and other components when preparing the film forming stock solution.
- PVA pellets and additives are mixed. Then, this is mixed with the liquid medium as a mixture; the PVA dissolved in the liquid medium is mixed with the additive; the additive is dispersed in the surfactant and then mixed with the PVA; And a method of dispersing the product in a plasticizer and then mixing with PVA.
- PVA pellets and additives are mixed. Then, this is mixed with the liquid medium as a mixture; the PVA dissolved in the liquid medium is mixed with the additive; the additive is dispersed in the surfactant and then mixed with the PVA; And a method of dispersing the product in a plasticizer and then mixing with PVA.
- PVA and a liquid medium are mixed after being dispersed in the agent.
- additives such as the above-mentioned plasticizer, surfactant, inorganic filler, and other components are blended in the film, these components are added in advance before film formation. It is preferable to make it contain in the film-forming stock solution. There is no particular limitation on the blending time of these components, and further blending into the mixture of PVA and surfactant as described above, or before mixing of PVA and surfactant, The method of mix
- the specific drying method is not particularly limited, and a drying method generally employed when producing a cast film can be employed.
- the formed film can be heat-treated as necessary.
- the temperature of the heat treatment is preferably in the range of 70 to 145 ° C., and more preferably in the range of 100 to 135 ° C. Examples of the heat treatment time include a range of 1 second to 1 hour.
- the water swellability of the obtained film may be reduced when exposed to a temperature that is too high, and thus until the film is manufactured using the film forming stock solution. It is preferable to keep the film forming stock solution and the film at a temperature of 180 ° C. or lower, preferably 150 ° C. or lower, more preferably 145 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 135 ° C. or lower.
- uniaxial or biaxial stretching can be performed at any one or two or more stages before, during or after drying.
- the temperature during stretching is preferably in the range of 20 to 120 ° C.
- the draw ratio is preferably in the range of 1.05 to 5 times, more preferably in the range of 1.1 to 3 times, based on the length before drawing.
- the residual stress can be reduced by heat fixing the film after stretching.
- the film of the present invention is less colored by heating.
- the YI value of the film of the present invention when heated at 120 ° C. for 3 hours is preferably 7 or less, more preferably 5 or less, further preferably 4 or less, and preferably 2 or less. Particularly preferred is 0.3 or more.
- the YI value can be determined according to JIS K 7105, and specifically can be determined by the method described later in the examples.
- the use of the film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but the film of the present invention is less colored by heating and is excellent in its dispersed state even when it contains a surfactant.
- a surfactant for warming vegetables, growing vegetables, etc.
- gas barrier materials for gas barrier materials, filters, optical films such as polarizing films, hydraulic transfer, packaging, agriculture, civil engineering, medical, industrial, Japan It can be preferably used for water-soluble films and biodegradable films for household goods and toys.
- Polymerization degree and saponification degree of PVA The polymerization degree and saponification degree of PVA were determined by the method described in JIS-K6726.
- GPC measurement was performed using “GPCmax” manufactured by VISCOTECH.
- TDA305 manufactured by VISCOTECH was used.
- UV Detector 2600 manufactured by VISCOTECH was used as an ultraviolet-visible absorption detector.
- the optical path length of the detection cell of the absorptiometric detector is 10 mm.
- GPC column “GPC HFIP-806M” manufactured by Showa Denko KK was used.
- OmniSEC (Version 4.7.0.406) attached to the apparatus was used as analysis software.
- the mobile phase 20 mmol / L sodium trifluoroacetate-containing HFIP was used.
- the mobile phase flow rate was 1.0 mL / min.
- the sample injection amount was 100 ⁇ L, and measurement was performed at a GPC column temperature of 40 ° C.
- a film containing PVA was prepared and heated by the method described above in “GPC measurement of PVA” — “PVA heating”.
- the yellowness (YI value) was determined according to JIS K 7105 using an SM color computer “SM-TH” manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd., and used as an index of the colorability of the film by heating. .
- methanol (MeOH) 945 g containing 50 ppm of acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal and acetaldehyde content of less than 1 ppm; a 1% methanol solution of tartaric acid in an amount of 20 ppm of tartaric acid in vinyl acetate was charged. While blowing nitrogen into the flask, the temperature in the flask was kept at 60 ° C. Note that an ethylene glycol / water solution at ⁇ 10 ° C. was circulated in the reflux tube. A 0.55% by mass methanol solution of di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate was prepared, and 18.6 mL was added to the flask to initiate polymerization.
- the amount of di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate added was 0.081 g.
- a methanol solution of di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate was sequentially added at a rate of 20.9 mL / hour until the completion of polymerization.
- the temperature in the flask was kept at 60 ° C.
- 0.0141 g of sorbic acid 3% of di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate remaining undecomposed in the polymerization solution was obtained.
- the polymerization liquid was cooled to terminate the polymerization.
- the polymerization rate of vinyl acetate was 35.0%.
- the pressure in the flask was reduced using a water flow aspirator to distill off vinyl acetate and methanol, thereby precipitating polyvinyl acetate.
- 3,000 g of methanol was added to the precipitated polyvinyl acetate and the polyvinyl acetate was dissolved while heating at 30 ° C., the pressure in the flask was reduced again using a water aspirator, so that the vinyl acetate and methanol were retained.
- polyvinyl acetate was precipitated.
- the viscosity average degree of polymerization was measured.
- a 10% methanol solution of sodium hydroxide was added so that the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to vinyl acetate monomer units in polyvinyl acetate was 0.1.
- the gelled product was formed, the gel was pulverized and subjected to Soxhlet extraction with methanol for 3 days.
- the obtained PVA was dried and subjected to measurement of the viscosity average polymerization degree.
- the viscosity average degree of polymerization was 1700.
- the total solid concentration (saponification concentration) is 30% by mass with respect to a 40% by mass methanol solution of PVAc-1, and the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to the vinyl acetate monomer unit in PVAc-1 is 0.
- the saponification reaction was started at 40 ° C. by adding methanol and an 8% methanol solution of sodium hydroxide with stirring so that the ratio became 0.02.
- the gel is pulverized when the gelated product is generated as the saponification reaction proceeds, and the crushed gel is transferred to a container at 40 ° C.
- the obtained swollen gel was centrifuged, immersed in methanol twice the weight of the swollen gel, allowed to stand for 30 minutes, and then centrifuged four times and dried at 60 ° C. for 1 hour. And dried at 100 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain PVA.
- the obtained PVA had a viscosity average polymerization degree of 1,700, a saponification degree of 99.1 mol%, and a sodium acetate content of 0.7% (0.20% in terms of mass of sodium (Na)). . These data are also shown in Table 2.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the molecular weight and the value measured with a differential refractive index detector, and the relationship between the molecular weight and the absorbance measured with an absorptiometric detector (measurement wavelength 280 nm).
- the molecular weight at this time is one converted from the elution volume using a calibration curve (PMMA equivalent molecular weight).
- the peak top molecular weight (A) measured with the differential refractive index detector obtained from FIG. 1 was 100,000, and the peak top molecular weight (B) measured with the absorptiometric detector (280 nm) was 53,000. It was.
- the obtained value is expressed by the following formula (AB) / A
- the value obtained by substituting for was 0.47.
- the absorbance at the peak top molecular weight (B) was 1.30 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 .
- the peak top molecular weight (C) measured with an absorptiometric detector (320 nm) determined in the same manner as the method for determining the peak top molecular weight (B) was 50,000.
- the peak top molecular weight (A) and the peak top molecular weight (C) are expressed by the following formula (AC) / A The value obtained by substituting for was 0.50.
- the absorbance at the peak top molecular weight (C) was 1.05 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 .
- Examples 2 to 20, 22 to 24, Comparative Examples 1 to 21 and 23 to 28 Except having changed into the conditions shown in Table 2 and 3, each PVA was synthesize
- the total solid concentration (saponification concentration) is 40% by mass with respect to a 55% by mass methanol solution of PVAc-3, and the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to the vinyl acetate monomer unit in PVAc-3 is 0.
- a saponification reaction was started at 40 ° C. by adding methanol and an 8% methanol solution of sodium hydroxide under stirring so as to obtain 0.005. Note that saponification reaction was performed by adding distilled water so that the water content in the system was 1.2%.
- One hour after adding the sodium hydroxide methanol solution, 0.8 molar equivalent of 1% acetic acid aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and a large amount of distilled water were added to stop the saponification reaction.
- the obtained solution was transferred to a dryer, dried at 65 ° C. for 12 hours, and then dried at 100 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain PVA.
- the total solid concentration (saponification concentration) is 40% by mass with respect to a 55% by mass methanol solution of PVAc-3, and the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to the vinyl acetate monomer unit in PVAc-3 is 0.
- a saponification reaction was started at 40 ° C. by adding methanol and an 8% methanol solution of sodium hydroxide under stirring so as to obtain 0.005. Note that saponification reaction was performed by adding distilled water so that the water content in the system was 3.0%.
- One hour after adding the sodium hydroxide methanol solution, 0.8 molar equivalent of 1% acetic acid aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and a large amount of distilled water were added to stop the saponification reaction.
- the obtained solution was transferred to a dryer, dried at 65 ° C. for 12 hours, and then dried at 100 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain PVA.
- the film of the present invention is less colored by heating and is excellent in its dispersed state even when it contains a surfactant.
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Abstract
Description
(A-B)/A<0.75 (1)
を満たし、かつピークトップ分子量(B)における吸光度が0.25×10-3~3.00×10-3となる、フィルムを提供することにより解決される。
移動相:20mmol/Lのトリフルオロ酢酸ナトリウム含有ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール(以下、ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノールをHFIPと略記することがある。)
試料濃度:1.00mg/mL
試料注入量:100μL
カラム:昭和電工株式会社製「GPC HFIP-806M」
カラム温度:40℃
流速:1mL/分
吸光光度検出器のセル長:10mm
である。
(A-B)/A<0.75 (1)
を満たし、かつピークトップ分子量(B)における吸光度が0.25×10-3~3.00×10-3となるものである。
移動相:20mmol/Lのトリフルオロ酢酸ナトリウム含有HFIP
試料濃度:1.00mg/mL
試料注入量:100μL
カラム:昭和電工株式会社製「GPC HFIP-806M」
カラム温度:40℃
流速:1mL/分
吸光光度検出器のセル長:10mm
である。
(A-B)/A<0.75 (1)
(A-C)/A<0.75 (2)
を満たすことが好ましい。
P=([η]×10,000/8.29)(1/0.62)
PVAの重合度及びけん化度は、JIS-K6726に記載の方法により求めた。
PVA及びフィルムにおける酢酸ナトリウムの含有量(ナトリウムの質量換算値)は、PVA又はフィルムを灰化した後に、ジャーレルアッシュ社製ICP発光分析装置「IRIS AP」を用いて、得られた灰分中のナトリウム量を測定することにより求めた。
(PVAの加熱)
PVAの粉体を水に入れ、95℃で1時間加熱して溶解させた後、室温に冷却して、PVAの2%水溶液を得た。次いで、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム上(20cm×20cm)に得られた水溶液を流延し、23℃、50%RHの条件下で2週間乾燥させて、厚み50μmのフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムをステンレス製の金属型枠(20cm×20cmで幅1cmの金属枠)にクリップで固定し、ギアオーブンにて120℃で3時間加熱した。
VISCOTECH製「GPCmax」を用いてGPC測定を行った。示差屈折率検出器としてVISCOTECH製「TDA305」を用いた。紫外可視吸光光度検出器としてVISCOTECH製「UV Detector2600」を用いた。当該吸光光度検出器の検出用セルの光路長は10mmである。GPCカラムには昭和電工株式会社製「GPC HFIP-806M」を用いた。また、解析ソフトには、装置付属のOmniSEC(Version 4.7.0.406)を用いた。
上記方法で得られた加熱後のフィルムの中央付近から試料を採取した。当該試料を、20mmol/Lのトリフルオロ酢酸ナトリウム含有HFIPに溶解し、PVAの1.00mg/mL溶液を調製した。当該溶液を0.45μmのポリテトラフルオロエチレン製フィルターでろ過した後、測定に用いた。
試料濃度1.00mg/mLにおける吸光度=(1.00/α)×吸光度の測定値
標品として、Agilent Technologies製のPMMA(ピークトップ分子量:1,944,000、790,000、467,400、271,400、144,000、79,250、35,300、13,300、7,100、1,960、1,020、690)を測定し、示差屈折率検出器及び吸光光度検出器のそれぞれについて、溶出容量をPMMA分子量に換算するための検量線を作成した。各検量線の作成には、前記解析ソフトを用いた。
なお、本測定においてはPMMAの測定において、1,944,000と271,400の両分子量の標準試料同士のピークが分離できるカラムを用いた。また、本装置においては、示差屈折率検出器から得られるピーク強度はmV(ミリボルト)で、紫外可視吸光光度検出器から得られるピーク強度は吸光度(abs unit:アブソーバンスユニット)で表される。
「PVAのGPC測定」-「PVAの加熱」の項で上記した方法により、PVAを含むフィルムの作製と加熱を行った。そして、加熱後のフィルムについて、スガ試験機株式会社製SMカラーコンピュータ「SM-T-H」を用いてJIS K 7105に従って黄色度(YI値)を求め、加熱によるフィルムの着色性の指標とした。
PVA100部とラウリン酸ジエタノールアミド0.1部を95℃で1時間加熱して水に溶解させた後、室温に冷却して、PVAの4%水溶液を得た。ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム上(20cm×20cm)に得られた水溶液を流延し、23℃、50%RHの条件下で1週間乾燥させて、厚み50μmのフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムを200倍の光学顕微鏡で観察し、界面活性剤の分散状態(凝集物の有無)を評価した。
(PVAc-1)
撹拌機、温度計、窒素導入チューブ、還流管を備え付けた6Lセパラブルフラスコに、あらかじめ脱酸素した、アセトアルデヒド(AA)を500ppm、アセトアルデヒドジメチルアセタール(DMA)を50ppm含有する酢酸ビニル(VAM)2,555g;アセトアルデヒドジメチルアセタールを50ppm含有し、アセトアルデヒドの含有量が1ppm未満であるメタノール(MeOH)945g;酢酸ビニル中の酒石酸の含有量が20ppmとなる量の酒石酸1%メタノール溶液を仕込んだ。前記フラスコ内に窒素を吹き込みながら、フラスコ内の温度を60℃に保った。なお、還流管には-10℃のエチレングリコール/水溶液を循環させた。ジn-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネートの0.55質量%メタノール溶液を調製し、18.6mLを前記フラスコ内に添加して重合を開始した。このときのジn-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネートの添加量は0.081gであった。ジn-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネートのメタノール溶液を20.9mL/時間の速度で重合終了まで逐次添加した。重合中、フラスコ内の温度を60℃に保った。重合開始から4時間後、重合液の固形分濃度が25.1%となった時点で、ソルビン酸を0.0141g(重合液中に未分解で残存するジn-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネートの3モル当量に相当する)含有するメタノールを1200g添加した後、重合液を冷却して重合を停止した。重合停止時の酢酸ビニルの重合率は35.0%であった。重合液を室温まで冷却した後、水流アスピレータを用いてフラスコ内を減圧することにより、酢酸ビニル及びメタノールを留去し、ポリ酢酸ビニルを析出させた。析出したポリ酢酸ビニルにメタノールを3,000g添加し、30℃で加温しつつポリ酢酸ビニルを溶解させた後、再び水流アスピレータを用いてフラスコ内を減圧することにより、酢酸ビニル及びメタノールを留去してポリ酢酸ビニルを析出させた。ポリ酢酸ビニルをメタノールに溶解させた後、析出させる操作を更に2回繰り返した。析出したポリ酢酸ビニルにメタノールを添加し、酢酸ビニルの除去率99.8%のポリ酢酸ビニル(PVAc-1)の40質量%のメタノール溶液を得た。
表1に記載した条件に変更したこと以外は、PVAc-1と同様の方法により、ポリ酢酸ビニル(PVAc-2~PVAc-20)を得た。なお、表1中の「ND」は1ppm未満を意味する。得られた各ポリ酢酸ビニルの粘度平均重合度をPVAc-1と同様にして求めた。その結果を表1に示す。
PVAc-1の40質量%のメタノール溶液に対して、総固形分濃度(けん化濃度)が30質量%となり、且つ、PVAc-1中の酢酸ビニル単量体単位に対する水酸化ナトリウムのモル比が0.02となるように、メタノール及び水酸化ナトリウムの8%メタノール溶液を撹拌下に加え、40℃でけん化反応を開始した。けん化反応の進行に伴ってゲル化物が生成した時点でゲルを粉砕し、粉砕後のゲルを40℃の容器に移し、けん化反応の開始から60分経過した時点で、メタノール/酢酸メチル/水(25/70/5質量比)の溶液に浸漬し、中和処理した。得られた膨潤ゲルを遠心分離し、膨潤ゲルの質量に対して2倍の質量のメタノールに浸漬し30分間放置した後で、遠心分離する操作を4回繰り返し、60℃で1時間乾燥した後、100℃で2時間乾燥してPVAを得た。
(A-B)/A
に代入して得られた値は0.47であった。ピークトップ分子量(B)における吸光度は1.30×10-3であった。これらの結果を表2にも示す。
(A-C)/A
に代入して得られた値は0.50であった。ピークトップ分子量(C)における吸光度は1.05×10-3であった。これらの結果を表2にも示す。
表2及び3に示す条件に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして各PVAを合成し、得られたPVAを用いて実施例1と同様にして各測定又は評価を行った。その結果を表2及び3に示す。
PVAc-3の55質量%のメタノール溶液に対して、総固形分濃度(けん化濃度)が40質量%となり、且つ、PVAc-3中の酢酸ビニル単量体単位に対する水酸化ナトリウムのモル比が0.005となるように、メタノール及び水酸化ナトリウムの8%メタノール溶液を撹拌下に加え、40℃でけん化反応を開始した。なお、この際の系内の水分率を1.2%となるよう蒸留水を添加してけん化反応を行った。水酸化ナトリウムのメタノール溶液を添加してから1時間後、水酸化ナトリウムの0.8モル当量の1%酢酸水及び多量の蒸留水を添加し、けん化反応を停止した。得られた溶液を乾燥機に移し、65℃で12時間乾燥した後、100℃で2時間乾燥してPVAを得た。
PVAc-3の55質量%のメタノール溶液に対して、総固形分濃度(けん化濃度)が40質量%となり、且つ、PVAc-3中の酢酸ビニル単量体単位に対する水酸化ナトリウムのモル比が0.005となるように、メタノール及び水酸化ナトリウムの8%メタノール溶液を撹拌下に加え、40℃でけん化反応を開始した。なお、この際の系内の水分率を3.0%となるよう蒸留水を添加してけん化反応を行った。水酸化ナトリウムのメタノール溶液を添加してから1時間後、水酸化ナトリウムの0.8モル当量の1%酢酸水及び多量の蒸留水を添加し、けん化反応を停止した。得られた溶液を乾燥機に移し、65℃で12時間乾燥した後、100℃で2時間乾燥してPVAを得た。
Claims (11)
- けん化度が50~99.99モル%、粘度平均重合度が200~5,000であるポリビニルアルコールを含み、カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩の含有量がアルカリ金属の質量換算で0.5質量%以下であるフィルムであって、
120℃において3時間加熱された前記ポリビニルアルコールをゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー測定したときの、示差屈折率検出器で測定されるピークトップ分子量(A)と、吸光光度検出器(測定波長280nm)で測定されるピークトップ分子量(B)が下記式(1)
(A-B)/A<0.75 (1)
を満たし、かつピークトップ分子量(B)における吸光度が0.25×10-3~3.00×10-3となる、フィルム。 - 前記ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー測定における、示差屈折率検出器で測定されるピークトップ分子量(A)と、吸光光度検出器(測定波長320nm)で測定されるピークトップ分子量(C)が下記式(2)
(A-C)/A<0.75 (2)
を満たす、請求項1に記載のフィルム。 - 前記ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー測定における、吸光光度検出器(測定波長320nm)で測定されるピークトップ分子量(C)における吸光度が0.20×10-3~2.90×10-3となる、請求項1又は2に記載のフィルム。
- 前記ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー測定における、示差屈折率検出器によって求められる、前記ポリビニルアルコールの数平均分子量Mnに対する重量平均分子量Mwの比Mw/Mnが2.2~6.0となる、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 界面活性剤を更に含む、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 120℃において3時間加熱したときのYI値が7以下である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- けん化度が50~99.99モル%、粘度平均重合度が200~5,000であるポリビニルアルコールを含む製膜原液を乾燥する工程を有する、カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩の含有量がアルカリ金属の質量換算で0.5質量%以下であるフィルムの製造方法であって、
120℃において3時間加熱された前記ポリビニルアルコールをゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー測定したときの、示差屈折率検出器で測定されるピークトップ分子量(A)と、吸光光度検出器(測定波長280nm)で測定されるピークトップ分子量(B)が下記式(1)
(A-B)/A<0.75 (1)
を満たし、かつピークトップ分子量(B)における吸光度が0.25×10-3~3.00×10-3となる、製造方法。 - 前記ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー測定における、示差屈折率検出器で測定されるピークトップ分子量(A)と、吸光光度検出器(測定波長320nm)で測定されるピークトップ分子量(C)が下記式(2)
(A-C)/A<0.75 (2)
を満たす、請求項7に記載の製造方法。 - 前記ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー測定における、吸光光度検出器(測定波長320nm)で測定されるピークトップ分子量(C)における吸光度が0.20×10-3~2.90×10-3となる、請求項7又は8に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー測定における、示差屈折率検出器によって求められる、前記ポリビニルアルコールの数平均分子量Mnに対する重量平均分子量Mwの比Mw/Mnが2.2~6.0となる、請求項7~9のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 前記製膜原液が界面活性剤を更に含む、請求項7~10のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
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| WO2017115730A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-06 | 株式会社クラレ | 色相に優れた低重合度ビニルアルコール系重合体粉末およびその製造方法 |
| WO2019198683A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-17 | 株式会社アイセロ | 水溶性フィルム |
| WO2022145487A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-07 | 株式会社クラレ | ポリビニルアルコールフィルム及びそれを用いた偏光フィルム |
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| CN116223641A (zh) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-06-06 | 南京艾德凯腾生物医药有限责任公司 | 一种凝胶渗透色谱表征聚乙烯醇材料相对分子量及其分布的分析检测方法 |
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| WO2019198683A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-17 | 株式会社アイセロ | 水溶性フィルム |
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