WO2015046031A1 - 金属製自動車部品の製造方法および金属製自動車部品 - Google Patents
金属製自動車部品の製造方法および金属製自動車部品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015046031A1 WO2015046031A1 PCT/JP2014/074788 JP2014074788W WO2015046031A1 WO 2015046031 A1 WO2015046031 A1 WO 2015046031A1 JP 2014074788 W JP2014074788 W JP 2014074788W WO 2015046031 A1 WO2015046031 A1 WO 2015046031A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- joint member
- metal automobile
- columnar
- gas
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/18—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area using fluids, e.g. gas streams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/20—Masking elements, i.e. elements defining uncoated areas on an object to be coated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/03—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/03—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying
- B05B5/032—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying for spraying particulate materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/002—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials the substrate being rotated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/32—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials using means for protecting parts of a surface not to be coated, e.g. using stencils, resists
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/0221—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts
- B05B13/0228—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts the movement of the objects being rotative
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
- F16D2200/0008—Ferro
- F16D2200/0021—Steel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0056—Elastomers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
- F16D2300/12—Mounting or assembling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
- F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
- F16D3/205—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part
- F16D3/2055—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part having three pins, i.e. true tripod joints
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metal automobile part, and more particularly to masking in a powder coating method for a columnar or cylindrical metal automobile part.
- the powder coating method is a coating method used in many fields such as automobile parts, steel pipes, home appliances, and household products. Application to the flat and large area of the exterior part is the mainstream, and it is often applied to the entire surface of the article to be coated (hereinafter referred to as workpiece). However, there is a case where a non-painted surface is provided on a part of the work surface. In this case, it is necessary to mask the non-painted surface. As a general masking method, a masking tape and a cap are widely used, but an operator needs to perform it manually. For this reason, as a method for automating masking, there is a method using a masking jig shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view in the case of coating a rotating or stopped work using a jig.
- the masking jig 18 is disposed in the vicinity of the workpiece 17.
- a portion 19 where the powder coating wraps around the gap between the masking jig 18 and the surface of the work 17 is generated, and powder adheres to non-painted portions. There is a problem that it is easy.
- FIG. 8B there is known a method for preventing the powder paint from wrapping around by flowing a compressed gas 20 through a gap between the workpiece 17 and the masking jig 18 (Patent Document 1). ⁇ 3).
- this method can prevent the wraparound shown in FIG. 8A by increasing the flow rate of the compressed air, but the air flow rate at the masking boundary is fast and the coating film thickness decreases. Since the portion 21 is generated, there is a problem that the corrosion resistance of the coating film is lowered.
- a drive shaft that transmits power from an automobile engine to a driving wheel needs to cope with an angular displacement and an axial displacement caused by a change in a relative positional relationship between the engine and the wheel.
- Side and a fixed type constant velocity universal joint on the drive wheel side (outboard side), and both constant velocity universal joints are connected by a metal intermediate shaft.
- Both of the sliding type constant velocity universal joint and the fixed type constant velocity universal joint incorporated in the drive shaft include a cup portion containing an internal part including the inner joint member connected to the intermediate shaft, and the cup portion.
- An outer joint member made of metal composed of a stem portion extending integrally in the axial direction is provided.
- Metal automotive parts consisting of an outer joint member of a constant velocity universal joint located on the inboard side, an outer joint member of a constant velocity universal joint located on the outboard side, and an intermediate shaft connecting the two constant velocity universal joints,
- the surface is hardened by heat treatment by quenching in order to increase its strength.
- the parts are tempered for the purpose of increasing the toughness of the parts and releasing part of the stress accompanying quenching to prevent quench cracks.
- a resin coating film is formed on the outer surfaces of these components in order to improve the corrosion resistance.
- Patent Document 4 A method and an apparatus for manufacturing the method are disclosed (Patent Document 4). This method can shorten the processing time and the cost in the tempering of the metal automobile parts and the baking of the coating agent.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method for uniformly forming a coating film on the outer periphery, and a metal automobile part manufactured by this manufacturing method.
- the present invention is a method of manufacturing a columnar or cylindrical metal automobile part including a portion whose outer peripheral surface is covered and a portion which is not covered, and includes the following steps.
- Providing a tool (2)
- the gas discharged from the gap in the gas discharging step of the present invention is injected toward the axial end surface of the columnar part or the inner surface of the cylindrical part. Then, the liquid is discharged from the gap through the space in the cover jig. In particular, the gas is compressed air.
- the coating forming material is a powder for powder coating.
- the metal automobile part manufacturing method of the present invention has a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating part and a convergent nozzle-shaped cover jig is provided, and gas is discharged from the gap, the cylindrical shape
- the coating can be uniformly formed on the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical metal automobile part.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention does not cause unnecessary splintering, sagging, or accumulation at the boundary between the portion where the coating is formed and the portion where the coating is not formed.
- Examples of columnar or cylindrical metal automobile parts include an outer joint member constituting a constant velocity universal joint and an intermediate shaft constituting a drive shaft. These metal automobile parts are formed by a forging method using carbon steel for machine structure, and are manufactured through quenching and tempering. Also, the outer surface of the part is painted for the purpose of rust prevention. Work hardening accompanying forging, thermal stress accompanying quenching, quenching strain due to transformation stress, and the like are generated on the surface of the part. Furthermore, a plurality of iron oxides having different oxidation states are generated on the surface by heating.
- the outer surface of the component is not a chemically or physically uniform surface as a coating surface on which powder coating or the like is performed, but has a painted surface on which it is difficult to improve the adhesion of the coating film.
- the outer joint member that constitutes the constant velocity universal joint is composed of a cup part and a shaft part, and the boundary part between them is often thick, and the thick part and the cup part are coated. Thermal distortion may occur due to different temperature rising / falling speeds during the formation, and in this case, the adhesion of the coating film is liable to decrease.
- the vicinity of the outer periphery of the end of the cup opening is a portion where the large-diameter inner surface of the boot is covered and connected, and thus is a coating-free region.
- cylindrical objects and shafts with splines cut on both sides are set in unpainted portions in order to ensure fitting accuracy.
- the outer peripheral surface of the metal automobile part has a portion to be coated and a portion not to be coated, and it is necessary to separately coat the coating film.
- metal automobile parts are highly required to have rust prevention and chipping resistance. Therefore, when a thin part is present in the coating film, the rust prevention property is lowered, and when the lower limit value of the coating film is increased, an excessive portion of the coating film is generated, so that mechanical accuracy is lowered and coating film adhesion is also lowered. . The chipping resistance is also reduced due to a decrease in the adhesion of the coating film.
- the present invention provides a cover nozzle having a convergent nozzle shape with a gap between the outer peripheral surface of a metal automobile part that rotates during coating film formation, and covers the flow rate and flow rate of gas discharged from this gap.
- FIG. 1A is a radial cross-sectional view of an outer joint member constituting a constant velocity universal joint
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA as viewed from the cup portion direction.
- the outer joint member 1 includes a cup portion 2 and a shaft portion 3 extending in the axial direction from the bottom of the cup portion 2.
- the cup portion 2 has an inner peripheral surface 4 formed in a spherical shape, and track grooves 5 into which torque transmitting balls (not shown) are incorporated are formed extending in the axial direction at a plurality of locations on the inner peripheral surface 4 in the circumferential direction.
- the track groove 5 has a circular arc-shaped cross section along the groove bottom.
- the outer joint member 1 has a cylindrical shape in which the cup portion 2 has a concave portion 2a and a convex portion 2b.
- a coating film 6 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cup portion 2.
- the circled numbers represent the measurement positions of the coating film thickness described later.
- the term “cylindrical shape” or “cylindrical shape” includes a cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape other than a true cylindrical shape or a true cylindrical shape that can be painted while rotating, for example, a cross-sectional flower shape.
- the coating film is not formed in the axial direction end surface of a cylindrical part, or the internal peripheral surface of a cylindrical part.
- the outer joint member 1 is made of a carbon steel for machine structure such as S40C, S43C, S45C, S48C, S50C, S53C, S55C, S58C, etc. as defined in JISG4051, from a cylindrical material, cold forging, hot forging. Manufactured through multiple stages of forging processes, including warm forging. In particular, in the final forging process, cold forging is performed in order to improve the mechanical strength of the surface.
- the temperature for cold forging is preferably 0 ° C. or higher and 50 ° C. or lower.
- the surface hardness of the outer surface of the outer joint member that is a metal automobile part after cold forging is preferably HRB 90 to 110. If the surface hardness is less than HRB90, the substrate is not sufficiently cured, and when coated on the outer surface, the coating film hardness decreases due to the influence of the substrate hardness. Is unfavorable because of lowering.
- the surface hardness after quenching is preferably HRC 50 to 65. If the surface hardness is less than HRC50, the wear resistance is insufficient and the rolling life is reduced, and if it exceeds 65, early chipping, cracking, etc. may be likely to occur.
- the surface hardness after the cold forging and after quenching varies depending on the portion where the processing degree of the outer surface is different, it is not a uniform surface state.
- the surface of the axial direction end part of the cup part 2 may be turned after cold forging.
- the turning surface may have a different metal structure of the metal material depending on the part to be turned and the depth from the surface to be turned, and the lubricating oil during turning may remain on the surface.
- Quenching is a device that includes a heating unit that heats the surface of a metal automobile part until it becomes an austenitic structure, and a cooling unit that transforms into a martensite structure by quenching thereafter, and a method that can perform the heating and cooling. That can be adopted.
- the heating unit an induction hardening device using a power source having a frequency of 1 KHz or more is used, and as the cooling unit, for example, a cooling water injection device or the like can be given.
- the coating film 6 is formed on the outer surface of the outer joint member in order to improve the corrosion resistance.
- the coating film is formed by applying powder coating and simultaneously performing tempering and baking. Tempering and baking can be performed using, for example, a coil-passing or multistage high-frequency induction heating apparatus and method described in Patent Document 4.
- the outer surface front end portion 2c of the outer joint member 1 is a non-coating portion where the coating film 6 is not formed in order to fix the boot.
- the painted surface can be subjected to a degreasing treatment, a chemical conversion treatment such as an iron phosphate treatment or a zinc phosphate treatment, or a washing treatment for washing with an alkaline detergent.
- a chemical conversion treatment such as an iron phosphate treatment or a zinc phosphate treatment
- a washing treatment for washing with an alkaline detergent Preferably, the cleaning treatment is performed as a pretreatment without performing the chemical conversion treatment.
- the alkaline cleaning agent can be used as long as it is made of an alkaline aqueous solution that can remove the reactive soap layer or the unreacted soap layer remaining on the outer surface in the cold forging and quenching steps.
- a cleaning agent mainly composed of an aqueous solution of less than 5% by mass of sodium hydroxide is preferred.
- alkaline cleaner in which a surfactant capable of performing degreasing, rust prevention, peeling and the like of metal automobile parts is preferred is preferable.
- Commercially available products of alkaline detergents include Acrodin-type detergents manufactured by Kiwa Chemical Co., Ltd., Lionic-type detergents manufactured by Lion Corporation, WA-type detergents manufactured by Kaken Tech Co., Ltd., Light Clean, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., etc. .
- methods such as immersion cleaning, spray cleaning, and ultrasonic cleaning can be employed at a cleaning temperature of 50 to 80 ° C.
- the coating film 6 is formed by a powder coating method.
- the powder used for powder coating it is preferable to use an epoxy resin type, a polyester resin type, an acrylic resin type, or a composite type powder coating in which these are mixed.
- the thickness of the coating film can be 50 ⁇ m or more by one coating, and the coating performance such as corrosion resistance can be improved.
- an epoxy-based powder coating having excellent corrosion resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, moisture resistance, and surface hardness after the coating film is formed is preferable.
- the epoxy powder coating that can be used in the present invention is a powder coating that includes a bisphenol A type epoxy resin as an epoxy resin, a hydrazide compound as a curing agent, and an inorganic filler.
- the bisphenol A type epoxy resin is an epoxy resin obtained by reacting bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin by a one-step method or a two-step method.
- the bisphenol A-type epoxy resin has heat-curing properties that can be baked and cured simultaneously with tempering of metal automobile parts, and is excellent in coating film adhesion and corrosion resistance.
- epoxy resin such as an alicyclic epoxy resin, a novolac type epoxy resin, an acrylic epoxy resin, etc. can be used together with a bisphenol A type epoxy resin.
- Epototo YD-011 epoxy equivalent 450 to 500 g / eq, softening point 60 to 70 ° C., manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Epototo YD-012 epoxy equivalent 600
- YD-013 epoxy equivalent 800-900 g / eq, softening point 85-98 ° C., manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Epototo YD-014 Epoxy equivalent 900-1000 g / eq, softening point 91-102 ° C., manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Epototo YD-017 epoxy equivalent 1750-2100 g / eq, softening point 117-
- a hydrazide compound As a curing agent for the bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a hydrazide compound can be preferably used.
- hydrazide compounds organic acid polyhydrazide is preferable.
- the organic acid polyhydrazide can be used as long as it contains two or more hydrazide groups (—CO—NH—NH 2 ) in one molecule.
- Aromatic polyhydrazides such as isophthalic acid dihydr
- aliphatic carboxylic acid dihydrazides are preferable, and adipic acid dihydrazide is particularly preferable because of excellent coating film adhesion under conditions in which tempering and baking are performed simultaneously.
- the blending ratio of the hydrazide compound is 1 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the epoxy resin.
- a curing accelerator can be used in combination with the above curing agent.
- the curing accelerator include imidazole compounds.
- the imidazole compound is not particularly limited, and a compound having an imidazole group can be used, and examples thereof include trade name Curesol (manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- the epoxy powder coating material preferably contains an inorganic filler.
- the inorganic filler include barium sulfate, talc, silica, calcium carbonate, feldspar, wollastonite, alumina, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, and carbon black.
- barium sulfate and carbon black are essential components.
- the blending ratio of the inorganic filler is 10 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the epoxy resin.
- the epoxy-based powder coating can be manufactured using a manufacturing method well known in the powder coating field. For example, after mixing raw materials such as bisphenol A type epoxy resin, hydrazide compound, curing accelerator, barium sulfate and carbon black with a Henschel mixer, etc., an apparatus well known by those skilled in the art such as an extruder or a heat roller is used. And then kneading, cooling, pulverizing, and classifying. The melt kneading conditions are preferably not higher than the temperature at which the curing reaction does not proceed.
- Electrostatic powder coating can use either a gun type in which charged powder paint is sprayed with a sprayer, or an electrostatic atomization method using the repulsion of the charged paint itself.
- the electrostatic powder coating on the outer joint member constituting the constant velocity universal joint is particularly preferably a method in which the paint is charged with a coating gun and the epoxy powder is applied to the grounded outer joint member surface using static electricity. .
- FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view showing a state where powder is applied to the outer peripheral portion of the outer joint member
- FIG. 2B is a plan view taken along the line A′-A ′ as seen from the axial direction.
- (1) Step of providing a cover jig In order to form a coating film on the remaining outer peripheral surface without forming a coating film on the outer peripheral surface 2c in the axial direction end portion of the outer joint member 1, a convergent nozzle shape is formed.
- a cover jig 7 is attached.
- the convergent nozzle is a nozzle having a tip shape whose diameter decreases in the gas flow direction.
- the nozzle tip diameter t 1 is set larger than the outer diameter t 2 of the outer joint member 1 to be painted, and has a gap 8 concentrically with the diameter of the outer joint member 1 in plan view. Yes.
- the distance of the gap 8 is [(t 1 ⁇ t 2 ) / 2].
- the nozzle tip portion having a cross-sectional skirt shape of the cover jig 7 is disposed so as to cover the outer peripheral surface 2 c of the axial end portion of the outer joint member 1.
- the angle ⁇ at which the cross-sectional skirt shape is formed is 90 ° ⁇ ⁇ 180 °, and preferably 120 ° ⁇ ⁇ 150 °.
- the gas By setting the angle ⁇ within the range, the gas can be uniformly discharged into the gap 8 and can be easily accommodated in the recovery booth that recovers the powder that has not adhered to the outer peripheral surface.
- the distance of the gap 8 can be changed by the outer peripheral surface shape, the cross-sectional skirt shape, the gas discharge amount, and the like of the outer joint member 1.
- the length t 3 of the end outer peripheral surface 2c portion covered by the cover jig 7 is the length of the portion where no coating film is formed on this portion, and the vertical movement of the outer joint member 1 and / or the cover jig. 7 can be adjusted by moving up and down.
- the gas discharge step is a step of discharging gas from the gap 8 formed between the outer joint member 1 and the cover jig 7 while rotating the outer joint member 1 about the axis.
- the gas to be discharged is preferably compressed air.
- the gas 9 discharged from the gap 8 is preferably injected through the gas injection port 10 so that the injection gas 9 ′ collides with the cylindrical inner surface of the cup portion 2, particularly the central portion 2 e of the cylindrical inner surface.
- the gas injection port 10 is arranged at a position where the injected gas 9 ′ collides with the central portion 2e in the cylinder.
- the injected gas can be reliably collided with the central portion 2e in the cylinder.
- the gas injected into the cup collides with the cylinder center 2e, then flows along the wall surface 2f in the cylinder, and is discharged from the gap 8a. Further, the liquid is discharged from the gap 8 while circulating and staying in a space provided in the cover jig 7.
- the flow rate or flow rate of the gas discharged from the gap 8 can be controlled.
- the gas flow is indicated by arrows in FIG.
- the clearance gap 8a by making the surrounding part of the gas inlet 10 into a flange shape, and forming the diameter of the flange part outer periphery front end smaller than the diameter of the inner peripheral surface of the cup part 2.
- This step is a step of attaching a coating forming material from the axial side surface to the outer joint member 1 that is a rotating metal automobile part.
- electrostatic powder coating is performed on the outer periphery of the cup portion 2 of the outer joint member 1, as shown in FIG. 2 (a)
- the powder coating 12 is charged from the side surface in the axial direction by the coating gun 11, and the outer joint member 1 is charged. Apply epoxy powder on the surface using static electricity.
- Metallic automobile parts having a powder coating applied to the outer surface are formed by heating and curing the adhered powder coating.
- a method of heat-curing it is preferable to bake and harden the coating film simultaneously under the tempering conditions of the metal automobile part.
- Tempering is performed by high frequency induction heating.
- the high-frequency induction heating device is disposed along a conveyance path such as a conveyor for transferring an outer joint member to which powder has been adhered to the outer surface by a powder coating method after induction hardening, and along a component transfer direction of the conveyance path. It is comprised with the high frequency induction coil which performs tempering and bake hardening of an outer joint member simultaneously.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are coil-passing type high-frequency induction heating devices, each of which is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the conveying direction of the outer joint member 1.
- the high frequency induction heating device 13 is a device that continuously heats the outer joint member 1 moving on the conveyance path 14 by the high frequency induction coil 15.
- the high frequency induction heating device 13 a is a device that intermittently heats the outer joint member 1 moving on the conveyance path 14 by the high frequency induction coil 16.
- a powder coating apparatus (not shown) for attaching powder to the outer surface of the outer joint member 1 after induction hardening by a powder coating method is installed in the front stage of these high-frequency induction heating apparatuses.
- a water cooling and air blow device (not shown) for cooling the outer joint member 1 is installed at the subsequent stage of the high frequency induction heating device.
- the high-frequency induction heating apparatus shown in FIG. 3A includes a high-frequency induction coil 15 that is arranged so that a part thereof extends linearly along the component transfer direction on both sides of the conveyance path 14.
- the linear portion of the high frequency induction coil 15 of this high frequency induction heating apparatus heats the outer joint member 1 on the conveyance path 14 from both sides thereof.
- the outer joint member 1 in the entrance side and exit side of the conveyance path 14 The high frequency induction coil is formed by electrical connection so as not to obstruct the carry-in and carry-out of the.
- the high-frequency induction heating apparatus shown in FIG. 3B includes a high-frequency induction coil 16 that is spirally wound along the component transfer direction of the conveyance path 14 so as to include the outer joint member 1 on the conveyance path 14. To do.
- the high-frequency induction coil 16 of this high-frequency induction heating device is arranged so that the whole extends along the component transfer direction of the conveyance path 14.
- the high frequency induction coil 16 heats the outer joint member 1 on the conveyance path 14 from the entire periphery thereof.
- the high frequency induction heating apparatus can combine the coil passing type shown in FIG. 3A and the coil passing type shown in FIG. 3B.
- the high frequency power source of the high frequency induction heating device can be used as long as it supplies a high frequency current to the heating coil.
- a motor generator oscillator, an electron tube oscillator, a thyristor inverter oscillator, a transistor inverter oscillator, and the like can be given.
- a current transformer (output transformer) for supplying a low voltage and large current to the heating coil side can be provided.
- the high-frequency current is not particularly limited in frequency, but usually refers to a current having a frequency of 1 kHz or more. When this frequency is increased, only the vicinity of the component surface is heated due to the skin effect of eddy current, and when it is decreased, the interior is heated.
- the outer joint member with the powder adhered to the outer surface by the powder coating method is heated from room temperature to a maximum temperature of 200 to 240 ° C. in about 3 to 5 minutes.
- the outer joint member 1 is tempered and the powder coating is baked and cured simultaneously. Thereafter, the outer joint member 1 is transported to a cooling position, allowed to cool while being transported, and cooled by a water cooling and air blow device in a time of about 1 to 3 minutes.
- FIG. 6 shows a coating drawing using a conventional cover jig
- FIG. 7 shows the result of a conventional example in which the coating thickness is measured.
- the conventional method shown in FIG. 6 is an axial side surface in which compressed air 9 ′ flows directly through a gap 8 ′ formed by the outer joint member 1 and a cover jig 7 ′ having a discharge port arranged parallel to the member 1.
- the powder coating 12 is applied with the coating gun 11.
- the compressed air 9 ′ is injected into the gap 8 ′ from a compressed air inlet (not shown) provided to discharge toward the outer periphery of the outer joint member 1.
- the horizontal axis represents the measurement position of the coating film 6 shown in FIG. 1
- the vertical axis represents the film thickness
- the film thickness beyond the broken line is the appropriate film thickness range.
- a recessed part represents the film thickness of 2a part in FIG.1 (b)
- a convex part represents the film thickness of the 2b part, respectively.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the powder 12 is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the axial end portion of the intermediate shaft 1a. Similar to the case of painting a cylindrical metal automobile part, a convergent nozzle-shaped cover jig 7 is attached. While rotating the intermediate shaft 1a about the axis, the gas 9 is discharged from a gap 8 formed between the cover jig 7 and the intermediate shaft 1a. The injected gas 9 ′ is injected from a gas inlet 10 ′ provided on the axial end surface of the intermediate shaft 1a.
- the gas 9 ′ injected into the cover jig 7 is discharged as discharge gas 9 from the gap 8 by circulating and staying in the space inside the cover jig 7. Thereafter, the powder coating 12 charged by the coating gun 11 is applied from the side surface in the axial direction to the outer periphery of the intermediate shaft 1a, and the coating film is baked and cured in the same manner as the outer joint member 1. A masking effect similar to that of the outer joint member 1 is obtained.
- Examples of metal automobile parts having a coating film formed by powder coating on the surface include an outer joint member constituting the constant velocity universal joint or an intermediate shaft constituting a drive shaft.
- the coating film formed on the surface of the outer joint member or the intermediate shaft preferably has a coating thickness of 40 to 150 ⁇ m. If it is less than 40 ⁇ m, the corrosion resistance is inferior, and if it exceeds 150 ⁇ m, the powder coating is not sufficiently adhered to the coated surface, and it takes time to bake and harden, and sagging of the coating film tends to occur after bake and harden.
- the coating film preferably has a pencil hardness of H to 2H in terms of pencil hardness and a corrosion resistance by a salt spray test of 120 hours or more.
- the coating may be peeled off by external contact (stepping stones, etc.), and if it exceeds 2H, the flexibility is lowered. Since the corrosion resistance by the salt spray test can increase the thickness of the coating film, the corrosion resistance is improved by 120 hours or more as compared with conventional coating films such as water-soluble baking coating agents.
- the constant velocity universal joint includes an outer joint member having a surface coating formed by powder coating, an inner joint member, a drive shaft connected to the inner joint member, and the outer joint member and the drive shaft directly. Or the boot
- the coating film is formed on the surface of the intermediate shaft of the drive shaft. Examples of the structure of the constant velocity universal joint include the following, and the outer joint member and the drive shaft can be applied to any structure.
- an inner joint member having a structure in which the track groove of the outer joint member is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis in opposite directions, and a ball interposed at the intersection of the track groove of the outer joint member and the track groove of the inner joint member (4, 6, 8, 10) and a structure comprising a cage for holding the ball between the outer joint member and the inner joint member.
- the constant velocity universal joint having a coating film can be in any form, and is a sliding type constant velocity universal joint having a mechanism that slides in the axial direction of the outer joint member such as the tripod type, double offset type, or cross groove type.
- the present invention can be used as a fixed type constant velocity universal joint using a ball such as a zepper type or a barfield type.
- the tripod type constant velocity universal joint may be either a double roller type or a single roller type.
- powder coating has been described as a method for manufacturing metal automobile parts
- the method of the present invention is applied to ceramic spraying on the outer peripheral surface including a portion where the outer peripheral surface is coated and a portion which is not covered, and to form a coating film other than powder coating Can be used in the method.
- the coating film of the present invention is a coating film that does not generate unnecessary sag, sagging, pooling, etc. at the boundary between the part where the coating is formed and the part where the coating is not formed, and has excellent corrosion resistance. It can be suitably used for metal automobile parts such as constant velocity universal joints.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、この方法は、圧縮エアの流量を増加させることで、図8(a)に示す回り込みを防ぐことは可能であるが、マスキング境界部でのエアの流速が速く、塗装膜厚が減少する部分21が発生するため、塗膜の防食性が低下するという問題がある。
このドライブシャフトに組み込まれる摺動式等速自在継手および固定式等速自在継手のいずれも、前述の中間軸に連結された内側継手部材を含む内部部品を収容するカップ部と、そのカップ部から軸方向に一体的に延びるステム部とで構成された金属製の外側継手部材を備えている。
特に、等速自在継手などの焼入れ後の自動車部品の焼戻しと粉体塗装の焼付け硬化とを同時に行なって形成される金属製自動車部品の塗装方法の場合、等速自在継手の外輪内部の形状により塗装部分に凸部と凹部とが存在するが、その塗装厚さの付き具合が変動するという問題がある。
(1)上記円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品の軸方向端部の外周表面を覆い、該外周表面との間に隙間を有して、上記被覆されない部分を覆うコンバージェントノズル形状のカバー治具を設ける工程、
(2)上記円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品を回転させながら上記隙間より上記カバー治具のノズル先端部方向に向けて気体を吐出させる気体吐出工程、
(3)上記回転している円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品の軸方向側面から被覆形成物質を付着させる工程。
特に上記気体が圧縮空気であることを特徴とする。また、上記被覆形成物質が粉体塗装用粉体であることを特徴とする。
本発明の円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品は、上記製造方法で製造されることを特徴とする。
また、本発明の製造方法は、被覆を形成させる部分と、被覆を形成させない部分との境目に不要な付きまわりや、ダレ、溜まりなどが発生しない。
これら金属製自動車部品は、機械構造用炭素鋼を用いて鍛造法で成形されて、焼入れ・焼戻しを経て製造される。また、防錆を目的に部品の外表面は塗装される。鍛造に伴う加工硬化、焼入れに伴う熱応力および変態応力による焼入れひずみ等が部品の表面に発生する。さらに、加熱により表面に酸化状態の異なる複数の酸化鉄が生成する。このため、部品の外表面は粉体塗装などを行なう塗装面としては、化学的または物理的に均一面ではなく塗膜の付着性を向上させることが困難な塗装面を有している。
等速自在継手を構成する外側継手部材は、カップ部分と軸部分とで構成されるが、それらの境界部は厚肉になっていることが多く、この厚肉部とカップ部分とでは塗膜形成時の昇温・降温速度が異なることによる熱ひずみが生じることがあり、この場合も塗膜の付着性低下が起こりやすい。
外側継手部材1は、カップ部分2と、このカップ部分2の底部から軸方向に延びる軸部分3とより構成されている。カップ部分2は内周面4が球面状に形成されて、内周面4の円周方向複数箇所に、トルク伝達ボール(図示を省略)が組み込まれるトラック溝5が軸方向に延びて形成されている。トラック溝5は、溝底に沿う断面形状が円弧状の曲線とされている。外側継手部材1は、カップ部分2が凹部2aおよび凸部2bを有する円筒形をしている。カップ部分2の外周面には塗膜6が形成されている。丸付数字は後述する塗膜厚さの測定位置を表す。
本発明において、円筒形または円柱形という場合、回転しながら塗装することができる真円筒形または真円柱形以外の異形の円筒形または円柱形、例えば断面花形形状を含む。また、円柱状部品の軸方向端面または円筒状部品の内周面には塗膜が形成されていない。
本発明において、金属製自動車部品である外側継手部材の冷間鍛造後の外表面の表面硬さは、HRB90~110であることが好ましい。表面硬さがHRB90未満では素地の硬化が不十分となり、外表面の上に塗装した場合、素地の硬さの影響を受けることで塗膜硬さは低下し、同110を超えると被削性が低下するため好ましくない。
また、焼入れ後の表面硬さは、HRC50~65であることが好ましい。表面硬さがHRC50未満では耐摩耗性が不十分となり転動寿命が低下し、同65を超えると早期欠け、割れ等が発生しやすくなる場合がある。
また、冷間鍛造後、カップ部分2の軸部分方向端部の表面が旋削される場合がある。
旋削面は、旋削される部分および旋削される表面からの深さにより、金属材料の金属組織が異なる場合があり、旋削時の潤滑油が表面に残存する場合がある。
上記加熱部としては周波数1KHz以上の電源を用いる高周波焼入れ装置を、冷却部としては、例えば冷却水噴射装置等が挙げられる。
また、外側継手部材1の外表面先端部2cは、ブーツを固定するため塗膜6が形成されていない非塗装部となっている。
アルカリ性の洗浄剤は冷間鍛造および焼入れ工程で外表面に残存する反応性石けん層または未反応性石けん層を除去できるアルカリ性水溶液からなる洗浄剤であれば使用できる。
例えば、水酸化ナトリウムの5質量%未満の水溶液を主成分とする洗浄剤が好ましい。金属製自動車部品の表面脱脂、防錆、剥離等を行なうことができる界面活性剤を共存させたアルカリ洗浄剤が好ましい。
アルカリ洗浄剤の市販品としては、貴和化学社製アクロヂン系洗浄剤、ライオン社製ライオミック系洗浄剤、化研テック社製WA系洗浄剤、供栄社化学社製ライトクリン等が挙げられる。
アルカリ性の洗浄剤による洗浄は、洗浄温度50~80℃で、浸漬洗浄、噴射洗浄、超音波洗浄などの方法を採用できる。
上記粉体の中で、塗膜形成後の耐食性、耐酸性、耐アルカリ性、耐湿性、表面硬度に優れるエポキシ系粉体塗料が好ましい。
ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂は、ビスフェノ-ルAとエピクロルヒドリンとを一段法または二段法で反応させて得られるエポキシ樹脂である。ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂は、金属製自動車部品の焼戻しと同時に焼付け硬化を行なうことができる加熱硬化性を有し、塗膜の付着性、耐食性などに優れている。なお、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂に、脂環式エポキシ樹脂、ノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、アクリルエポキシ樹脂などのエポキシ樹脂等を併用できる。
ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂の市販品としては、例えば、商品名エポトートYD-011(エポキシ当量450~500g/eq、軟化点60~70℃、新日鉄化学社製)、同エポトートYD-012(エポキシ当量600~700g/eq、軟化点75~85℃、新日鉄化学社製)、同エポトートYD-013(エポキシ当量800~900g/eq、軟化点85~98℃、新日鉄化学社製)、同エポトートYD-014(エポキシ当量900~1000g/eq、軟化点91~102℃、新日鉄化学社製)、同エポトートYD-017(エポキシ当量1750~2100g/eq、軟化点117~127℃、新日鉄化学社製)、同エポトートYD-019(エポキシ当量2400~3300g/eq、軟化点130~145℃、新日鉄化学社製)、同エポトートYD-902(エポキシ当量600~700g/eq、軟化点82~92℃、新日鉄化学社製)、同エポトートYD-904(エポキシ当量900~1000g/eq、軟化点96~107℃、新日鉄化学社製)、
商品名jERエポキシ樹脂1001(エポキシ当量450~500g/eq、軟化点64℃、三菱化学社製)、同1002(エポキシ当量600~700g/eq、軟化点78℃、三菱化学社製)、同1003(エポキシ当量670~770g/eq、軟化点89℃、三菱化学社製)、同1004F(エポキシ当量875~975g/eq、軟化点97℃、三菱化学社製)、同1005F(エポキシ当量950~1050g/eq、軟化点107℃、三菱化学社製)、
商品名アラルダイドXAC5007(エポキシ当量600~700g/eq、軟化点約90℃、日本チバガイギー社製)、アラルダイドGT7004(エポキシ当量730~830g/eq、軟化点約100℃、日本チバガイギー社製)、アラルダイドGT7097(エポキシ当量1650~2000g/eq、軟化点約120℃、日本チバガイギー社製)、商品名DER-664(エポキシ当量950g/eq、ダウ・ケミカル社製)、同左667(ダウ・ケミカル社製)等を挙げることができる。これらは、単独で使用してもよく、2種類以上併用してもよい。
これら中で脂肪族カルボン酸ジヒドラジドが好ましく、特にアジピン酸ジヒドラジドが焼戻しと焼付けとを同時に行なう条件での塗膜付着性に優れるため好ましい。
ヒドラジド化合物の配合割合は、エポキシ樹脂100質量部に対して、1~50質量部である。
これらの中でも、硫酸バリウムおよびカーボンブラックは必須の成分である。
無機充填材の配合割合は、エポキシ樹脂100質量部に対して、10~150質量部である。
等速自在継手を構成する外側継手部材への静電粉体塗装は、塗装ガンで塗料に帯電させ、接地された外側継手部材表面に静電気を使ってエポキシ系粉体を塗布する方法が特に好ましい。
(1)カバー治具を設ける工程
外側継手部材1の軸方向端部外周表面2cに塗膜を形成することなく、必要とされる残りの外周表面に塗膜を形成するため、コンバージェントノズル形状のカバー治具7を取り付ける。
コンバージェントノズルは、気体の流れる方向に直径が小さくなる先端形状を有するノズルである。このノズルの先端径t1は、外側継手部材1の塗装される外周の径t2よりも大きく設定されており、平面図的には外側継手部材1の径と同心に隙間8を有している。隙間8の距離は[(t1-t2)/2]である。
カバー治具7の断面スカート形状となっているノズル先端部が外側継手部材1の軸方向端部の外周表面2cを覆うように配置される。
断面スカート形状となる角度αは、90°<α<180°であり、好ましくは120°<α<150°である。この角度αの範囲とすることにより、隙間8に気体を均一に吐出させることができ、また、外周表面に付着しなかった粉体を回収する回収ブースに収容しやすくなる。
上記隙間8の距離は、外側継手部材1の外周表面形状、断面スカート形状、気体の吐出量等により変更することができる。
カバー治具7により覆われる端部外周表面2c部分の長さt3は、この部分に塗膜が形成されない部分の長さであり、外側継手部材1の上下移動、および/または、カバー治具7の上下移動により、調整できる。
気体吐出工程は、外側継手部材1を軸中心に回転させながら、カバー治具7との間で形成される隙間8より気体を吐出させる工程である。吐出させる気体は圧縮空気であることが好ましい。
隙間8より吐出される気体9は、カップ部分2の円筒内面、特に円筒内面の中心部2eに向けて注入気体9’を衝突させるように気体注入口10を経て注入することが好ましい。気体注入口10は、注入される気体9’が円筒内の中心部2eに衝突するような位置に配置する。また、気体注入口10の吐出面は少なくともカップ部分2の円筒端面2dよりもカップ内部側に配置することが好ましい。このように配置することで注入された気体を円筒内の中心部2eに確実に衝突させることができる。カップ内に注入された気体は、円筒中心2eに衝突し、次いで円筒内の壁面2fに沿って流れ、隙間8aより吐出する。さらにカバー治具7内に設けられた空間内にて循環および滞留しながら隙間8より吐出する。カバー治具7内空間において循環および滞留することにより、隙間8より吐出する気体の流速または流量を制御することができる。気体の流れを図2に矢印で示す。
なお、気体注入口10の周囲の部分をフランジ形状にして、そのフランジ部外周先端の径をカップ部分2の内周面の径よりも小さく形成して隙間8aを形成することが好ましい。円筒内面の円筒中心に衝突した気体が隙間8aを経ることにより、ここより吐出する気体が噴流となり流速が速くなる。そのため、覆われる部分2cの長さt3が短い場合であっても、カップ部分2の端面2dへの塗料の回り込み付着を防ぐことができる。
また、中空品のスプライン付軸の場合は、反塗装部をゴム栓等により封鎖することにより、上記のような気体の流れとすることができる。
この工程は、回転している金属製自動車部品である外側継手部材1に対して軸方向側面から被覆形成物質を付着させる工程である。
外側継手部材1のカップ部分2の外周に静電粉体塗装を行なう場合、図2(a)に示すように、軸方向側面から塗装ガン11で粉体塗料12に帯電させ、外側継手部材1表面に静電気を使ってエポキシ系粉体を塗布する。
加熱硬化させる方法としては、金属製自動車部品の焼戻し条件で、塗膜の焼付け硬化を同時に行なうことが好ましい。焼戻しは高周波誘導加熱により行なう。高周波誘導加熱は例えば特許文献4に記載の装置および方法を採用できる。
高周波誘導加熱装置は、高周波焼入れ後に外表面に粉体塗装法により粉体が付着された外側継手部材を移送するコンベア等の搬送路と、その搬送路の部品移送方向に沿って配設され、外側継手部材の焼戻しと焼付け硬化とを同時に行なう高周波誘導コイルとで構成される。
高周波誘導加熱装置13は、搬送路14上を移動する外側継手部材1を高周波誘導コイル15により連続的に加熱する装置である。
高周波誘導加熱装置13aは、搬送路14上を移動する外側継手部材1を高周波誘導コイル16により断続的に加熱する装置である。なお、これらの高周波誘導加熱装置の前段には、高周波焼入れ後の外側継手部材1の外表面に粉体塗装法により粉体を付着させる粉体塗装装置(図示を省略)が設置されている。また、高周波誘導加熱装置の後段には、外側継手部材1を冷却するための水冷およびエアブロー装置(図示を省略)が設置されている。
なお、高周波誘導加熱装置は、上記図3(a)に示すコイル通過型および上記図3(b)に示すコイル通過型を組み合わせることができる。
高周波電流は、周波数を特に限定されるものではないが、通常は1kHz以上の周波数の電流をいう。また、この周波数が高くなると、渦電流の表皮効果により、部品表面近傍のみが加熱され、低くすると内部まで加熱される。
図6に示す従来方法は、外側継手部材1と、吐出口が該部材1に平行に配置されたカバー冶具7’とで形成される隙間8’に直接圧縮空気9’を流しながら軸方向側面から塗装ガン11で粉体塗料12を塗装する方法である。圧縮空気9’は外側継手部材1の外周に向けて吐出するように設けられた圧縮空気注入口(図示を省略)より隙間8’に注入される。
図4に示す本発明方法においては、測定位置丸付数字1の方向に向かい緩やかな塗装膜厚低下が認められるが、その変化量は小さく、適正な膜厚を確保できた。また、凹部および凸部における塗膜厚さの差も少なかった。
これに対して、図7に示す従来方法においては、測定位置丸付数字1の方向に向かって気体の流速が速くなるため膜厚が低下している。また、凹部および凸部における塗膜厚さの差が大であった。
円筒状金属製自動車部品を塗装する場合と同様に、コンバージェントノズル形状のカバー治具7が取り付けられる。
中間軸1aを軸中心に回転させながら、カバー治具7との間で形成される隙間8より気体9を吐出させる。注入気体9’は中間軸1aの軸方向端面に設けられた気体注入口10’より注入される。カバー治具7内に注入された気体は9’は、カバー治具7内空間において循環および滞留することにより、隙間8より吐出気体9として吐出する。
その後、中間軸1aの外周に軸方向側面から塗装ガン11で帯電された粉体塗料12を塗布し、上記外側継手部材1と同様に塗膜の焼付け硬化を行なう。外側継手部材1と同様なマスキング効果が得られる。
外側継手部材または中間軸の表面に形成される塗膜は、塗膜厚さが40~150μmであることが好ましい。40μm未満では耐食性が劣り、150μmを超えると粉体塗料が塗装面に十分に付着されず、焼付け硬化に時間がかかり、また、焼付け硬化後に塗膜のタレが発生し易くなる。
上記塗膜は、塗膜硬度が鉛筆硬度でH~2H、塩水噴霧試験による耐食性が120時間以上あることが好ましい。鉛筆硬度がH未満では外部からの接触(飛び石など)により塗装が剥がれる可能性があり、2Hを超えると屈曲性が低下する。
塩水噴霧試験による耐食性は、塗膜を厚くすることが可能なため、水溶性焼付塗装剤等などの従来の塗膜より120時間以上と耐食性が向上する。
等速自在継手の構造としては、以下のものが挙げられ、いずれの構造にも上記外側継手部材およびドライブシャフトが適用できる。
上記塗膜を形成することにより、マスキング境界部で膜厚の減少を防ぎ、塗膜形成に要する処理時間が短くなり、得られる塗膜特性が優れているので、耐久性に優れた等速自在継手が優れた生産性で製造できる。
(A)内周面に軸方向に延びる三本の直線状トラック溝が形成された外側継手部材と、径方向に突設された三本の脚軸を有する内側継手部材としてのトリポード部材と、このトリポード部材の脚軸に回転自在に支持される転動体としてのローラとを備えてなり、このローラが外側継手部材のトラック溝に沿って転動自在に配置されている構造。
(B)円筒状の内周面に軸方向に延びる複数の直線状トラック溝が形成された外側継手部材と、球面状の外周面に外側継手部材のトラック溝と対をなす複数の直線状トラック溝が形成された内側継手部材と、外側継手部材のトラック溝と内側継手部材のトラック溝との間に配置された転動体としてのボール(3~8個)と、外側継手部材と内側継手部材との間に上記ボールを保持するケージとを備えてなる構造。
(C)内周面に複数の直線状トラック溝が形成された外側継手部材と、外周面に外側継手部材のトラック溝と対をなす複数の直線状トラック溝が形成され、かつ、このトラック溝と外側継手部材のトラック溝とが軸線に対して互いに逆方向に所定角度傾斜した構造を有する内側継手部材と、外側継手部材のトラック溝と内側継手部材のトラック溝との交叉部に介在したボール(4、6、8、10個)と、外側継手部材と内側継手部材との間に上記ボールを保持するケージとを備えてなる構造。
2 カップ部分
3 軸部分
4 内周面
5 トラック溝
6 塗膜
7 カバー治具
8 隙間
9 気体
10 気体注入口
11 塗装ガン
12 粉体塗料
13 高周波誘導加熱装置
14 搬送路
15、16 高周波誘導コイル
Claims (5)
- 外周表面が被覆される部分と被覆されない部分とを含む円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品の製造方法であって、
前記円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品の軸方向端部の外周表面を覆い、該外周表面との間に隙間を有して、前記被覆されない部分を覆うコンバージェントノズル形状のカバー治具を設ける工程と、
前記円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品を回転させながら前記隙間より前記カバー治具のノズル先端部方向に向けて気体を吐出させる気体吐出工程と、
前記回転している円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品の軸方向側面から被覆形成物質を付着させる工程とを備えることを特徴とする円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品の製造方法。 - 前記気体吐出工程において前記隙間より吐出される気体は、前記円柱状部品の軸方向端面または前記円筒状部品の円筒内面方向に向けて注入された後、前記カバー治具内の空間を経て前記隙間から吐出されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品の製造方法。
- 前記気体が圧縮空気であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品の製造方法。
- 前記被覆形成物質が粉体塗装用粉体であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品の製造方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法により製造されることを特徴とする円柱状または円筒状金属製自動車部品。
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| WO2018139463A1 (ja) * | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-02 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 導電性組成物 |
| JP6361843B1 (ja) * | 2017-01-26 | 2018-07-25 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 導電性組成物 |
| CN107297296B (zh) * | 2017-08-10 | 2023-03-10 | 珠海三威注塑模具有限公司 | 自动涂装遮蔽设备、自动涂装系统和自动涂装方法 |
| CN107470061A (zh) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-15 | 四川广安慧诚科艺玻璃有限公司 | 瓶体静电喷涂工装及静电喷涂设备 |
| JP6946208B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-14 | 2021-10-06 | 倉敷化工株式会社 | 塗布装置 |
| EP3593840A1 (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-01-15 | Becton Dickinson France | Glass made luer tip with marking means and method for manufacturing the same |
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| CN105579149B (zh) | 2019-12-10 |
| JP6285679B2 (ja) | 2018-02-28 |
| EP3053661A1 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
| EP3053661A4 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
| CN105579149A (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
| US20160243584A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
| US9770739B2 (en) | 2017-09-26 |
| JP2015066498A (ja) | 2015-04-13 |
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