WO2014178094A1 - 半導体装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly, to a semiconductor device used for high withstand voltage and large current and a manufacturing method thereof.
- SiC Silicon carbide
- SiC is a semiconductor material that is expected to be applied to next-generation low-loss power devices and the like because it has a larger band gap and higher dielectric breakdown field strength than silicon (silicon: Si).
- SiC has many polytypes such as cubic 3C—SiC, hexagonal 6H—SiC and 4H—SiC.
- MISFET Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor-Field-Effect-Transistor
- MESFET Effect Transistor
- a voltage applied between the gate electrode and the source electrode switches between an on state in which a drain current of several A (amperes) or more flows and an off state in which the drain current is zero. Can do. In the off state, a high breakdown voltage of several hundred V (volt) or more can be realized.
- a vertical power MISFET having a trench gate structure has been proposed as an alternative to the conventional planar gate structure.
- the MISFET having a trench gate structure since the channel region is formed in the side wall portion of the trench formed in the semiconductor layer, the area of the unit cell can be reduced. As a result, the degree of device integration can be improved.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for suppressing a shift in the plane orientation of both side walls of a trench by using a low off-angle substrate having an off angle of 0.3 ° to less than 4 °, preferably 1 ° or less. ing.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of suppressing the effective off angle to about one half by forming a trench in a direction in which the inner angle is 30 ° with respect to the off direction.
- the present disclosure provides a semiconductor device using a substrate having a desired off-angle so that the on-resistance can be reduced by improving the carrier channel mobility in the sidewall of the trench that is the channel region. Objective.
- one embodiment of a semiconductor device includes a substrate having an off angle, a first semiconductor region of a first conductivity type, disposed on a main surface of the substrate, and having a bottom portion.
- the first angle formed by at least a part of the first side wall on the off direction side with respect to the main surface of the substrate is an obtuse angle
- a second angle formed by at least a part of the side wall with respect to the main surface of the substrate is an acute angle.
- the upper surface of the corner portion is inclined downward toward the inside of the trench, and, of the sidewalls of the trench, the off-direction side in a cross section parallel to the normal direction to the main surface of the substrate and the c-axis direction of the substrate
- the first angle formed by at least a part of the first side wall with respect to the main surface of the substrate becomes an obtuse angle.
- At least a portion of the second side wall facing the side wall of the second corner formed by an acute angle to the main surface of the substrate.
- the channel mobility of carriers in the sidewall portion of the trench constituting the channel region is improved and turned on. Resistance can be reduced.
- FIG. 1A and 1B schematically show a semiconductor device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view taken along line Ia-Ia in FIG. b) is a plan view.
- FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are schematic cross-sectional views in order of steps showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are schematic cross-sectional views in order of steps showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a modification of the method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view taken along line Ia-Ia in FIG. b) is a plan view.
- FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are schematic cross-sectional views in order of steps showing a method for
- 5B is a cross-sectional view showing a substrate having a trench formed by a modification of the method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the embodiment.
- 6 (a) to 6 (c) are scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of a cross section showing an example of changes in the shape of the sidewall of the trench due to the annealing process.
- 7A and 7B schematically show a semiconductor device according to a first modification of one embodiment, and FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIa-VIIa in FIG. 7B.
- FIG. 7B is a plan view.
- 8A and 8B schematically show a semiconductor device according to a second modification of the embodiment, and FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIIIa-VIIIa in FIG.
- FIG. 8B is a plan view.
- FIGS. 9A to 9C schematically show an example of the relationship between the off-direction of the off-angle set in the substrate constituting the semiconductor device and the plane orientation of the channel surface of the trench.
- FIG. 9A is a plan view of a semiconductor layer (SiC layer) provided with a trench
- FIG. 9B is a schematic diagram showing a crystal direction in a crystal structure
- FIG. 9C is a diagram of FIG. 9A.
- FIG. 9D is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line IXc-IXc
- FIG. 9D is a diagram illustrating the normal direction, c-axis direction, and off-direction of the main surface of the semiconductor layer (SiC layer).
- FIG. 10A is a plan view of a semiconductor layer (SiC layer) provided with a trench
- FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram showing a crystal direction in a crystal structure
- FIG. 10C is a diagram of FIG.
- FIG. 10D is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line Xc-Xc
- FIG. 10D is a diagram showing the normal direction, c-axis direction, and off-direction of the main surface of the semiconductor layer (SiC layer). It is a typical expanded sectional view for demonstrating the advancing direction of step flow (atomic step) growth in an epitaxial growth process, an off angle upstream, and an off angle downstream.
- step flow atomic step
- the present inventors have studied a typical semiconductor device which is a vertical MISFET having a trench gate structure (hereinafter abbreviated as a trench MISFET).
- a SiC layer including an n-type drift region and a p-type body region is formed on a SiC substrate, and an n-type source region is formed in a part of the upper portion of the body region.
- a trench penetrating the source region and the body region, a gate insulating film covering the sidewall and bottom of the trench, and a gate electrode embedded on the gate insulating film of the trench are formed.
- the SiC substrate is, for example, an off-plane whose main surface is a surface having an off angle of about 4 ° to 8 ° in the ⁇ 11-20> direction with respect to the (0001) plane for the purpose of stably epitaxially growing the SiC layer.
- a cornered SiC substrate is used.
- the sign “ ⁇ ” attached to the Miller index in the plane orientation and the index in the crystal axis represents inversion of one index following the sign for convenience.
- the trench is formed in, for example, a planar stripe shape so that a ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane with excellent carrier channel mobility is formed on the side wall portion of the trench.
- a wall surface having the same plane orientation cannot be formed on both side walls facing each other of the trench.
- the off A ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane having a plane orientation can be obtained on the side wall (second side wall) opposite to the direction.
- a surface shifted by 8 ° from the just surface which is the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ surface is formed on the side wall (first side wall) on the off direction side.
- This deviation in the plane orientation may adversely affect the on-resistance of the trench MISFET.
- the same plane as the plane orientation appearing in the semiconductor layer may be referred to as a just plane.
- the channel mobility of the carrier on the second side wall of the trench is 1, the channel mobility of the carrier on the first side wall whose plane orientation is shifted is significantly reduced to about 0.3. For this reason, the on-resistance in the trench type MISFET increases, and the performance of the semiconductor device cannot be fully exploited. In order to sufficiently extract the channel mobility of carriers on the trench sidewall, it is desired to reduce the deviation of the plane orientation from the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ just plane.
- the present inventor has intensively studied the subject and has conceived a semiconductor device as described below.
- a semiconductor device includes a substrate having an off-angle, a trench that is disposed on a main surface of the substrate, includes a first semiconductor region of a first conductivity type, and a bottom portion is located in the first semiconductor region.
- a first angle formed by at least a part of the first side wall on the off direction side with respect to the main surface of the substrate is an obtuse angle, and at least a part of the second side wall facing the first side wall is formed of the substrate.
- the second angle formed with respect to the main surface is an acute angle.
- the trench in the semiconductor layer has at least a portion of the first side wall on the off direction side in the cross section parallel to the normal direction to the main surface of the substrate and the c-axis direction of the substrate.
- a first angle formed with respect to the main surface of the substrate is an obtuse angle
- a second angle formed with at least a portion of the second side wall facing the first side wall with respect to the main surface of the substrate is an acute angle.
- At least a part of the first side wall and at least a part of the second side wall both have a misorientation relative to the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane or the ⁇ 1-100 ⁇ plane smaller than the off angle. Good.
- the upper surface of the upper corner portion of the trench in the semiconductor layer may be inclined downward toward the inside of the trench.
- the semiconductor device further includes a gate insulating film disposed between the sidewall of the trench in the semiconductor layer and the gate electrode, and the semiconductor layer includes a drift region that is a first semiconductor region, and a drift region A body region of a second conductivity type disposed above and a second semiconductor region of a first conductivity type disposed above the body region, the trench penetrating the second semiconductor region and the body region;
- the body region may be disposed on at least a part of the first side wall and at least a part of the second side wall.
- the semiconductor device further includes a drain electrode disposed on a surface of the substrate opposite to the semiconductor layer, and a source electrode disposed on the second semiconductor region and the body region, and the second semiconductor region has a source
- the substrate may have the first conductivity type.
- At least a portion of the first sidewall and at least a portion of the second sidewall of the trench in the semiconductor layer both have an orientation shift of 4 ° relative to the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane or the ⁇ 1-100 ⁇ plane. It may be the following.
- the semiconductor layer may include at least a channel layer made of a first conductivity type semiconductor disposed between the body region and the gate insulating film.
- the thickness of the channel layer on the first side wall and the thickness on the second side wall may be different from each other.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes a step of forming a semiconductor layer including a first semiconductor region of a first conductivity type on a main surface of a substrate having an off angle, and a bottom portion of the semiconductor layer has a first portion.
- the first angle formed by at least a part of the first side wall with respect to the main surface of the substrate becomes an obtuse angle
- the at least a portion of the second sidewall facing the first sidewall and a second corner formed by an acute angle to the main surface of the substrate is a predetermined plane orientation
- the upper surface of the upper corner portion of the trench in the semiconductor layer is inclined downward toward the inside of the trench, and the main surface of the substrate among the sidewalls of the trench
- the first side wall on the off-direction side in the cross section parallel to the normal direction to the c-axis direction of the substrate is corrected so as to approach a predetermined plane orientation.
- a first angle formed by at least a part with respect to the main surface of the substrate is an obtuse angle
- a second angle formed by at least a part of the second side wall facing the first side wall with respect to the main surface of the substrate is It becomes an acute angle.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes a step of forming a gate insulating film so as to cover a sidewall of a trench after a step of performing an annealing process, and a gate electrode on the gate insulating film inside the trench.
- a second semiconductor region of a conductivity type, and the trench penetrates the second semiconductor region and the body region to reach the drift region, and at least a part of the first side wall and the second side wall
- a body region may be formed on at least a part of the body region.
- the method further includes a step of forming a drain electrode on a surface of the substrate opposite to the semiconductor layer, and a step of forming a source electrode so as to straddle the second semiconductor region and the body region,
- the second semiconductor region may be a source region, and the substrate may have the first conductivity type.
- the trench in the step of forming the trench, is formed by dry etching, and an angle formed by the voltage application direction and the c-axis direction of the substrate in the dry etching is an off angle. It may be set to be smaller than that.
- the annealing process may be performed in an inert gas atmosphere.
- the annealing process may be performed at 1500 ° C. or more and 1600 ° C. or less.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes a channel made of a semiconductor of a first conductivity type on a sidewall of a trench before a step of forming a gate insulating film and after a step of performing an annealing process. You may further provide the process of forming a layer.
- the channel layer in the step of forming the channel layer, has a ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane or a ⁇ 1 ⁇ plane facing the off-direction of the interface between the gate insulating film and the channel layer in the side wall portion of the trench. You may form so that the direction shift
- the c-axis direction may be a ⁇ 0001> direction
- the off direction may be a ⁇ 11-20> direction or a ⁇ 1-100> direction.
- the substrate and the semiconductor layer may be made of silicon carbide.
- the “off angle” means an angle formed by a normal to the main surface of the substrate and the c-axis direction of the substrate.
- an angle formed between the main surface of the substrate and the crystal plane (plane perpendicular to the c-axis) may be referred to as an off angle.
- the angle formed by the main surface of the substrate and the ⁇ 0001 ⁇ plane is also called the off angle.
- Off-direction means the direction of the projection vector when the normal vector of the main surface of the substrate is projected onto the crystal plane (plane perpendicular to the c-axis). For example, when the c-axis direction is the ⁇ 0001> direction, the direction of the projection vector when the normal vector of the main surface of the substrate is projected onto the ⁇ 0001 ⁇ plane is the off direction.
- a plurality of trenches 5 are formed in parallel to each other at an interval so as to extend in the ⁇ 1-100> direction above the SiC layer 2.
- the SiC layer 2 has an off angle ⁇ with respect to the (0001) plane in the ⁇ 11-20> direction. That is, the extending direction of the plurality of trenches 5 is a direction orthogonal to the off direction of the SiC layer 2 (substrate).
- the plurality of trenches 5 are formed to extend in the ⁇ 11-20> direction, and the off-angle of the substrate is in the ⁇ 1-100> direction. Is set.
- the off direction of the substrate is the ⁇ 11-20> direction.
- the off-direction of the substrate may be a ⁇ 1-100> direction.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view when the semiconductor layer 2 is step-flow grown on the substrate 1 having an off angle ⁇ with respect to the (0001) plane.
- the semiconductor layer 2 epitaxially grown on the main surface of the substrate 1 having the off angle ⁇ grows in the off direction by a step flow growth mode for forming atomic steps.
- the growth of the semiconductor layer 2 proceeds from the left side (upstream side) to the right side (downstream side) in the drawing.
- the atomic step includes step bunching in which a plurality of atomic steps are overlapped.
- the sidewall on the upstream side of the off angle is the side wall on the off direction side (first side wall) when the section parallel to the normal direction to the main surface of the substrate and the c-axis direction of the substrate is viewed.
- the “side wall on the upstream side of the off angle” means a side wall (second side wall) opposite to the off direction when the cross section is viewed.
- the channel region is formed in a semiconductor region in the vicinity of the interface between the semiconductor region where the trench is formed and the gate insulating film formed on the sidewall of the trench. Therefore, the plane orientation of the sidewall of the trench is the plane orientation of the interface between the gate insulating film and the semiconductor region in the sidewall portion.
- the interface between the gate insulating film and the semiconductor region in the sidewall portion of the trench is also referred to as a MIS interface.
- a semiconductor device 100 which is an example of a SiC semiconductor device, is a metal-insulator-semiconductor field effect transistor (MISFET) made of SiC having a trench gate structure, and has a plurality of unit cells.
- MISFET metal-insulator-semiconductor field effect transistor
- FIG. 1A schematically shows a cross-sectional configuration corresponding to one unit cell in the semiconductor device 100.
- FIG. 1B schematically shows an example of a planar configuration in which a plurality of, here, three unit cells are arranged on the surface of the SiC layer in the semiconductor device 100.
- the planar shape of the unit cell including the trench 5 is a rectangular shape.
- the planar shape of the unit cell is not limited to the rectangular shape, and may be other shapes such as a square shape or a polygonal shape. Also good.
- the semiconductor device 100 is formed using a substrate 1 having an off angle ⁇ .
- a substrate made of SiC of the first conductivity type (n-type) having a (0001) Si (silicon) surface having an off angle ⁇ as a main surface can be used.
- the substrate 1 is not limited to this, and may be a SiC substrate having a C (carbon) surface as a main surface, or a substrate having any polytype structure.
- a 4H—SiC substrate is used as an example.
- the off angle for example, a substrate having an off direction of ⁇ 11-20> and an off angle of 4 ° with respect to the (0001) plane is used.
- the off direction may be the ⁇ 1-100> direction
- the off angle may be 8 ° or 2 °, or may be an angle other than this.
- an SiC layer 2 which is an epitaxial layer is formed. Note that the broken line attached to the inside of the substrate 1 represents the (0001) just plane.
- the SiC layer 2 includes a first conductivity type (n-type) drift region 2d formed on the main surface of the substrate 1 and a second conductivity type (on the first semiconductor region) formed on the drift region 2d (first semiconductor region).
- a p-type body region 3 and a first conductivity type (n-type) source region 4 (second semiconductor region) formed on the body region 3 are provided.
- the conductivity type of the substrate 1 is the first conductivity type (n-type), and the impurity concentration is set higher than that of the drift region 2d.
- SiC layer 2 is a semiconductor layer formed by epitaxial growth on the main surface of substrate 1, but p-type impurity ions are implanted into the upper portion of the main surface side of substrate 1 without using epitaxial growth.
- the source region 4 may be formed by forming the body region 3 and implanting n-type impurity ions.
- the SiC layer 2 is provided with a trench 5 that penetrates the source region 4 and the body region 3 from the main surface 52 that is a Si surface and reaches the drift region 2d.
- the trench 5 is formed so as to intersect the off direction of the substrate. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the off direction is the ⁇ 11-20> direction.
- the second angle ⁇ 2 formed by 5L and the main surface of the substrate 1 is different. More specifically, the first angle ⁇ 1 is larger than the second angle ⁇ 2.
- the first angle ⁇ 1 is the angle formed between the trench sidewall on the off-direction side and the main surface of the substrate 1 and the side including the side of the SiC layer 2 constituting the sidewall, not the inside of the trench 5, That is, it corresponds to a corner opened on the off direction side.
- the second angle ⁇ 2 is an angle formed between the trench side wall opposite to the off direction and the main surface of the substrate 1 and including the side of the SiC layer 2 constituting the side wall, not the inside of the trench 5. That is, it corresponds to the complementary angle of the angle opened in the off direction side.
- the trench sidewall 5R on the downstream side of the off angle has a reverse tapered shape
- the trench sidewall 5L on the upstream side of the off angle has a tapered shape. Therefore, the first angle ⁇ 1 is an obtuse angle, and the second The angle ⁇ 2 is an acute angle. Further, since the trench sidewall 5R on the downstream side of the off angle and the trench sidewall 5L on the upstream side of the off angle are formed substantially in parallel, the complementary angle of the first angle ⁇ 1 and the angle of the second angle ⁇ 2 are substantially equal.
- the trench sidewall 5L on the upstream side of the off-angle of the trench 5 and the trench sidewall 5R on the downstream side of the off-angle have a surface whose deviation from the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ just surface is, for example, 4 ° or less.
- it may be 2 ° or less, or 1 ° or less. In other words, as shown in FIG.
- the angle between the trench sidewall 5L on the upstream side of the off angle and the (0001) just surface is ⁇ L
- the trench sidewall 5R on the downstream side of the off angle and the (0001) just surface are If the angle is ⁇ R, the angles ⁇ L and ⁇ R may be 86 ° or more and 94 ° or less. Further, the angles ⁇ L and ⁇ R may be 88 ° or more and 92 ° or less, or 89 ° or more and 91 ° or less. That is, the deviations of the angles ⁇ L and ⁇ R from the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ just plane may be 4 ° or less, 2 ° or less, or 1 ° or less.
- first angle ⁇ 1 may not be an obtuse angle
- first angle ⁇ 1 and the second angle ⁇ 2 may be acute angles different from each other.
- the trench sidewall 5R on the downstream side of the off-angle and the trench sidewall 5L on the upstream side of the off-angle need not be formed substantially in parallel.
- Both of the azimuth shifts may be smaller than the off angle with the off angle as a reference.
- at least a part of the trench sidewall 5R and at least a part of the trench sidewall 5L may be, for example, a region formed in the body region 3 in the trench sidewall 5R and the trench sidewall 5L.
- the upper corner portion 5T of the trench 5 is inclined downward toward the inside of the trench 5.
- a gate insulating film 8 is formed in the trench 5 so as to cover at least the side wall portion of the trench 5.
- the gate insulating film 8 may be a so-called thermal oxide film such as a silicon oxide film formed by thermal oxidation or a silicon oxide film containing nitrogen (N), or may be a deposited insulating film.
- a gate electrode 9 is formed on the gate insulating film 8 inside the trench 5.
- the gate electrode 9 only needs to be formed so as to cover at least the region facing the body region 3.
- the gate electrode 9 is formed so as to fill the trench 5. Therefore, the gate electrode 9 and the SiC layer 2 are insulated by the gate insulating film 8.
- a source electrode 10 for applying a common potential to the body region 3 and the source region 4 is disposed on the SiC layer 2 so as to be in contact with both the body region 3 and the source region 4.
- a drain electrode 11 is arranged on the surface (back surface) opposite to the SiC layer 2 in the substrate 1.
- the semiconductor device 100 is a trench MISFET having the above configuration. Therefore, when the source electrode 10 is connected to the ground (ground) potential and a bias voltage lower than the threshold voltage is applied to the gate electrode 9, the body region 3 is interposed between the source region 4 and the drift region 2d.
- the accumulation state is such that holes are induced in the vicinity of the MIS interface with the gate insulating film 8. In this state, the path of electrons as conduction carriers is blocked, so that no current flows (OFF state).
- both the trench sidewall 5L on the upstream side of the off angle and the trench sidewall 5R on the downstream side of the off angle have surfaces close to the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ just surface. For this reason, high channel mobility of carriers can be ensured at the MIS interfaces on the opposite side walls of the trench 5. As a result, a trench type MISFET having a small on-resistance and capable of flowing a large current can be realized.
- the substrate 1 having a desired off angle can be employed for the purpose of stabilizing the epitaxial growth, for example.
- the substrate 1 having a relatively large off angle is used for the purpose of reducing crystal defects such as triangular defects generated in the epitaxial film
- the mobility of carriers at the MIS interface on both side walls of the trench 5 can be improved. In other words, it is possible to achieve both stable epitaxial growth and improved carrier mobility.
- -Semiconductor device manufacturing method- 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, and 4B are described below with respect to the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment. The description will be given with reference.
- the SiC layer 2 including the drift region 2d, the body region 3, and the source region 4 is formed on the main surface of the substrate 1 having the off angle ⁇ .
- a first conductivity type (n-type) 4H—SiC substrate having an off angle of 4 ° from the (0001) plane is used as an example of the substrate 1.
- the off direction is, for example, the ⁇ 11-20> direction.
- An n-type SiC layer 2 is formed on the (0001) Si surface of such a substrate 1 by, for example, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which allows epitaxial growth.
- the SiC layer 2 has a carrier concentration of 8 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 and a thickness of 12 ⁇ m.
- nitrogen (N) ions can be used as the n-type dopant.
- the second conductivity type (p-type) body region 3 is formed on the SiC layer 2.
- the body region 3 has, for example, a carrier concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 and a thickness of 1.2 ⁇ m.
- a p-type dopant for example, aluminum (Al) ions or the like is ion-implanted into the SiC layer 2.
- Al aluminum
- the region excluding the portion where the body region 3 is formed becomes the drift region 2 d.
- Body region 3 may be formed by epitaxial growth on n-type SiC layer 2 while supplying trimethylaluminum (TMI) or the like as a p-type dopant.
- TMI trimethylaluminum
- an n-type source region 4 is selectively formed on the body region 3.
- the source region 4 has, for example, a carrier concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 and a thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m.
- a mask film (not shown) made of silicon oxide, polysilicon, or the like formed on the SiC layer 2 is used, and N ions, which are n-type dopants, are applied to the body region. 3 is injected. Thereafter, for example, annealing is performed for about 30 minutes in an inert gas atmosphere and at a temperature of 1700 ° C. By this annealing treatment, impurity ions implanted into the body region 3 and the source region 4 are activated.
- a trench 5 is formed in the SiC layer 2.
- the trench 5 is formed so as to penetrate the source region 4 and the body region 3 so that the bottom of the trench 5 reaches the drift region 2d.
- a mask film (not shown) made of a plasma oxide film or the like and having an opening pattern for trench formation is formed on the source region 4 by lithography and etching.
- RIE reactive ion etching
- a trench 5 having a depth of 1.5 ⁇ m and a width of 1 ⁇ m, for example, is formed in the SiC layer 2.
- the trench 5 is formed, for example, so as to intersect perpendicularly with the off direction of the substrate 1. Accordingly, a surface close to the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ surface is formed on the sidewall of the trench 5.
- the sidewall of the trench 5 has a forward taper shape extending upward with respect to the main surface of the substrate 1, but the sidewall of the trench 5 is perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate 1. It may also be a reverse taper that extends downward. Further, as shown in FIG. 10B, when the off direction of the substrate is the ⁇ 1-100> direction, the trench 5 is formed so that the ⁇ 1-100 ⁇ plane is formed on the side wall of the trench 5. May be.
- the taper angle of the side wall of the trench 5 shown in FIG. 2B with respect to the main surface of the substrate 1 is 85 ° on both the off-angle upstream side and the off-angle downstream side.
- the angle between the trench sidewall 5L 0 on the upstream side of the off angle and the (0001) just surface is ⁇ L 0 and the angle between the trench sidewall 5R 0 on the downstream side of the off angle and the (0001) just surface is ⁇ R 0
- ⁇ L 0 is 89 ° (taper angle + off angle)
- ⁇ R 0 is 81 ° (taper angle ⁇ off angle). That is, since the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane is perpendicular (90 °) to the (0001) plane, the trench sidewall 5R 0 on the downstream side of the off-angle is shifted by 9 ° from the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane.
- the surface orientation of the mutually facing side wall portions of the trench 5, which is a feature of the present embodiment, is corrected to be, for example, a ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane. That is, by performing an annealing process on the SiC layer 2, a part of silicon carbide (SiC) constituting the side wall portion, the upper corner portion 5 ⁇ / b> T, and the lower corner portion 5 ⁇ / b> B in the trench 5 is surface diffused to thereby form the trench 5.
- the angle of the opposite side wall is corrected to improve the deviation of the plane orientation on the side wall of the trench 5.
- the substrate 1 on which the SiC layer 2 including the source region 4, the body region 3, and the drift region 2 d is formed under conditions of an argon gas (Ar) atmosphere, a temperature of 1550 ° C., and a pressure of 200 hPa. Underneath, annealing is performed. The annealing time is, for example, 16 minutes.
- Ar argon gas
- the angle ⁇ L between the trench sidewall 5L on the upstream side of the off angle and the (0001) just surface and the angle ⁇ R between the trench sidewall 5R on the downstream side of the off angle and the (0001) just surface are 86 ° or more and 94 ° or less. ( ⁇ 4 ° or less from the just surface). As a result, it is possible to form a ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane with a small deviation of the plane orientation from the just plane.
- angles ⁇ L and ⁇ R can be 88 ° or more and 92 ° or less ( ⁇ 2 ° or less from the just surface), and in the more optimum annealing conditions, 89 ° or more and It is possible to set it to 91 ° or less ( ⁇ 1 ° or less from the just surface).
- the upper corner portion 5T and the lower corner portion 5B of the trench 5 are both rounded by an annealing process for correcting the surface orientations of the opposite sidewalls of the trench 5. It becomes. However, if the annealing temperature is too high or the time is too long, the curvature radii of the upper corner portion 5T and the lower corner portion 5B of the trench 5 become large. For this reason, it is preferable that the round portion of the upper corner portion 5T does not reach the body region 3 on the side wall of the trench 5. If the round part reaches the body region 3 on the side wall of the trench 5, the plane orientation of the body region 3 is partially shifted, so that the carrier channel mobility is lowered.
- the annealing conditions are not limited to the above-described conditions.
- an inert gas atmosphere such as argon gas, a hydrogen atmosphere or a chlorine-based gas atmosphere, or a mixed gas atmosphere thereof may be used as the gas atmosphere.
- an argon gas atmosphere that has no etching action and is excellent in terms of cost is preferable.
- the temperature of the annealing treatment is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1500 ° C. or more and 1600 ° C. or less. If the temperature is 1500 ° C. or higher, the SiC layer can be sufficiently surface diffused in a short time of 1 hour or less, and a side wall with a small deviation in plane orientation can be formed in the trench 5.
- the annealing temperature may be changed according to the type of substrate 1 used. For example, when a gallium nitride (GaN) substrate is used, the annealing temperature may be set lower than that for a SiC substrate.
- GaN gallium nitride
- the step of correcting the surface orientation of the sidewall of the trench 5 to a predetermined surface orientation, for example, the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ surface is not limited to the above-described annealing treatment. That is, the surface diffusion phenomenon due to annealing is not limited, and etching may be used.
- the gate insulating film 8 is formed so as to cover at least the side wall of the trench 5. Specifically, first, the substrate 1 having the trench 5 whose side wall angle is corrected is cleaned. Thereafter, for example, the substrate 1 is put in a thermal oxidation furnace, and a thermal oxidation treatment is performed in a dry oxidation atmosphere at a temperature of 1200 ° C. for 0.5 hours. As a result, a silicon oxide film, which is a thermal oxide film, is formed as the gate insulating film 8 from the upper surface of the body region 3 and the upper surface of the source region 4 to the sidewalls and the bottom surface of the trench 5.
- the gate insulating film 8 may be a deposited insulating film formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, a sputtering method, or the like.
- the gate electrode 9 is formed so as to be embedded in the trench 5 through the gate insulating film 8.
- a polysilicon film doped with phosphorus (P) is formed on the entire surface of the wafer on which the gate insulating film 8 is formed by LP-CVD (Low-Pressure-CVD), for example, to a thickness of 1000 nm.
- LP-CVD Low-Pressure-CVD
- the doped phosphorus is activated by, for example, rapid annealing (RTA) treatment at a temperature of 1000 ° C. for 60 seconds in an inert gas atmosphere.
- RTA rapid annealing
- a resist film (not shown), for example, is formed on the polysilicon film by masking the gate electrode formation region by lithography and etching.
- the gate electrode 9 is formed by etching the polysilicon film by the RIE method using the resist film as a mask.
- the gate electrode 9 only needs to be formed at least in the region facing the body region 3 in the trench 5, and is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. For example, the shape which is not embedded in the whole inside of the trench 5 may be sufficient.
- the source electrode 10 is formed so as to be spaced from the gate electrode 9 and to be in contact with the body region 3 and the source region 4. That is, source electrode 10 is arranged on SiC layer 2 so as to straddle body region 3 and source region 4.
- an interlayer insulating film (not shown) is formed so as to cover the SiC layer 2 and the gate electrode 9 by a CVD method or the like.
- an opening that exposes the boundary between the source region 4 and the body region 3 is provided in the interlayer insulating film by lithography and etching.
- a conductive film made of, for example, Ti is formed in the opening provided in the interlayer insulating film by sputtering or the like, and annealing treatment is performed as necessary.
- the source electrode 10 in ohmic contact with the source region 4 and the body region 3 can be obtained.
- a conductive film made of, for example, Ti is formed on the back surface opposite to the main surface of the substrate 1, and annealing treatment is performed as necessary to form the drain electrode 11.
- the order of forming the source electrode 10 and the drain electrode 11 is not particularly limited.
- the semiconductor device 100 that is a trench type MISFET can be obtained.
- both the trench side wall 5L on the upstream side of the off angle and the trench side wall 5R on the downstream side of the off angle have a just surface. Close surfaces can be formed. Thereby, high channel mobility in carriers can be secured at the MIS interfaces on both side walls of the trench 5. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a trench type MISFET that has a small on-resistance and can flow a large current.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment since the surface orientations of the sidewalls facing each other of the trench 5 are corrected by annealing, it is possible to employ the substrate 1 having a desired off angle for the purpose of stabilizing epitaxial growth, for example. it can. Therefore, for example, even when the substrate 1 having a relatively large off-angle is used for the purpose of reducing crystal defects such as triangular defects generated in the epitaxial film, the annealing of the both side walls of the trench 5 is performed later. Carrier mobility at the MIS interface can be increased. In other words, it is possible to achieve both stable epitaxial growth and improved carrier mobility.
- the trench 5 is formed obliquely with respect to the main surface of the sample 100 ⁇ / b> A by holding the sample 100 ⁇ / b> A on the planar electrode 64 when using a dry etching apparatus.
- the trench 5 can be formed in the direction along the c-axis by setting the angle formed by the voltage application direction during dry etching and the c-axis direction of the substrate 1 to be small.
- FIG. 5A shows a state in which a sample 100A, which is a substrate on which a mask layer 61 such as a plasma oxide film is formed on a part of the source region 4 is tilted and held in a dry etching apparatus.
- a dry etching apparatus a parallel plate composed of a counter electrode (anode) 63 and a plane electrode (cathode) 64 disposed inside the chamber, and disposed outside the chamber.
- An RIE apparatus having an RF oscillator or the like is used as a dry etching apparatus.
- Samples 100A is above the plane electrode 64, is held via a base 62 inclined by an angle theta 0.
- the base 62 is arranged so that the (0001) just plane of the sample 100A is parallel to the surface of the parallel plate, that is, the angle ⁇ 0 and the off angle ⁇ of the substrate 1 in the sample 100A coincide. It may be placed on the top.
- positive ions which are active gases in plasma, are perpendicularly incident on the planar electrode 64 and anisotropic etching is performed.
- the trench 5 is etched obliquely by an angle ⁇ 0 rather than in a direction perpendicular to the normal line of the substrate 100A.
- FIG. 5B shows a cross-sectional configuration of the sample 100A after dry etching.
- the trench 5 according to this modification is formed such that the center line of the trench 5 is inclined with respect to the main surface 52 of the SiC layer 2.
- the trench 5 whose center line is inclined to the same extent as the off-angle ⁇ of the substrate 1, it is possible to make the deviation of the surface orientations of the side walls of the trench 5 facing each other evenly.
- the trench sidewalls 5R 0 off-angle downstream the (0001) .theta.R 0 the angle between the just plane Then, the amount of deviation of the plane orientation between the angle ⁇ L 0 and the angle ⁇ R 0 can be made uniform.
- the inventors have performed annealing on trenches having different plane orientations on both side walls of the trench, for example, when the off-angle direction is the ⁇ 11-20> direction, It has been found that a ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ just surface can be obtained on opposite side walls of the trench extending in the ⁇ 1-100> direction.
- FIG. 6A is a SEM photograph of the cross section of the trench 5 before the annealing treatment.
- the side wall of the trench on the left side can obtain a surface substantially close to the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane by optimizing the etching conditions and adjusting the taper angle. Is done.
- the side wall of the trench on the right side is shifted by about 8 ° from the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane. Note that the broken line in the figure represents the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of the trench shown in FIG. 6A after annealing for 2 minutes in an argon (Ar) atmosphere at a temperature of 1550 ° C. and a pressure of 200 hPa. is there. From FIG. 6B, it can be confirmed that the deviation of the surface orientation of the side wall of the trench on the right side (off-angle downstream side) has begun to be improved.
- Ar argon
- FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of the trench shown in FIG. 6A after annealing for 16 minutes in an argon (Ar) atmosphere at a temperature of 1550 ° C. and a pressure of 200 hPa. is there. From FIG. 6 (c), it can be seen that even on the right side (off-angle downstream side) side wall of the trench, the deviation of the plane orientation is greatly improved, and a plane almost close to the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ plane is obtained. .
- Such a plane orientation improvement mechanism is presumed to be a surface diffusion phenomenon of SiC by high-temperature annealing treatment, and due to this surface diffusion phenomenon of SiC, ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ It is thought that a surface appears.
- the upper corner portion and the bottom corner portion of the trench are both rounded, and these are also one of the surface diffusion phenomena.
- Ar which is an inert gas
- it does not have an etching action.
- helium (He), neon (Ne), or the like can be used instead of argon (Ar).
- Nitrogen (N) may be used as the inert gas.
- nitrogen may be taken into SiC depending on annealing conditions.
- the semiconductor device 200 according to this modification is characterized in that a channel made of SiC of the first conductivity type (n-type) is provided at least between the sidewall of the trench 5 and the gate insulating film 8.
- the layer 12 is provided.
- the angle between the trench sidewall 5L on the upstream side of the off angle and the (0001) just surface is ⁇ L
- the interface (MIS interface) between the gate insulating film 8 and the channel layer 12 on the upstream side of the off angle and the (0001) just surface is ⁇ R
- the interface (MIS interface) between the gate insulating film 8 and the channel layer 12 on the downstream side of the off angle is (0001). )
- the angles ⁇ L, ⁇ Lce, ⁇ R, and ⁇ Rce are set to 86 ° or more and 94 ° or less.
- angles ⁇ L, ⁇ Lce, ⁇ R, and ⁇ Rce may be set to 88 ° or more and 92 ° or less, or may be set to 89 ° or more and 91 ° or less. That is, the deviations of the angles ⁇ L, ⁇ Lce, ⁇ R, and ⁇ Rce from the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ just plane may be 4 ° or less, 2 ° or less, or 1 ° or less. Good.
- the channel layer 12 has a carrier concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 and a thickness of 20 nm.
- the channel layer 12 may be an epitaxial film formed by chemical vapor deposition. Since the epitaxial film has better crystallinity than the crystallinity of the surface of the trench 5 after the trench 5 is formed, an improvement in channel mobility of carriers can be expected.
- a CVD apparatus is used as a specific method for forming an epitaxial film by chemical vapor deposition.
- a silicon-based gas for example, silane (SiH 4 ) gas
- a carbon-based gas for example, propane (C 3 H 8 ) gas.
- n-type dopant gas for example, nitrogen (N 2 ) gas is supplied and heated to a temperature of 1500 ° C. or higher and 1600 ° C. or lower.
- nitrogen (N 2 ) gas is supplied and heated to a temperature of 1500 ° C. or higher and 1600 ° C. or lower.
- N 2 nitrogen
- the channel layer 12 can be sufficiently grown epitaxially.
- the carrier concentration of the body region 3 is 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3
- the carrier concentration of the channel layer 12 is 2 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 and the thickness thereof may be about 20 nm.
- the body region 3 has a carrier concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3
- the channel layer has a carrier concentration of 2 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 and a thickness of about 35 nm.
- the channel layer 12 may have either a single layer structure or a laminated structure. Note that the thickness of the channel layer 12 may be appropriately adjusted according to the design value of the gate threshold voltage.
- the MISFET including the channel layer 12 of the first conductivity type (n-type) described above is called a storage MISFET, and the MISFET according to an embodiment not including the channel layer 12 (FIGS. 1A and 1B).
- the operation is partially different from that of).
- the channel layer 12 in the off state in which a bias voltage lower than the threshold voltage is applied to the gate electrode 9, the channel layer 12 is depleted due to the pn junction between the channel layer 12 and the body region 3, so that no current flows. (Off state).
- a current flows (ON state) because a high concentration of electrons is accumulated in the first conductivity type channel layer 12.
- the semiconductor device 200 which is a trench MISFET having the channel layer 12 can be obtained.
- the surface is close to the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ just surface on both the trench sidewall on the upstream side of the off angle and the sidewall of the trench on the downstream side of the off angle. Furthermore, the crystallinity of the channel layer formed at the MIS interface on the sidewall of the trench is excellent. For this reason, higher channel mobility of carriers can be ensured in both side wall portions of the trench. As a result, a trench type MISFET having a small on-resistance and capable of flowing a large current can be realized.
- the first conductivity type (n-type) SiC is provided at least between the sidewall of the trench 5 and the gate insulating film 8 as in the first modified example.
- a channel layer 12 is provided.
- the angle between the interface (MIS interface) between the gate insulating film 8 on the upstream side of the off angle and the channel layer 12 (MIS interface) and the (0001) just surface is ⁇ Lce, and the gate insulating film 8 on the downstream side of the off angle.
- the angles ⁇ Lce and ⁇ Rce are set to 86 ° or more and 94 ° or less, respectively. Further, these angles ⁇ Lce and ⁇ Rce may be set to 88 ° or more and 92 ° or less, or may be set to 89 ° or more and 91 ° or less.
- the feature is that the angle ⁇ L between the trench sidewall 5L on the upstream side of the off angle and the (0001) just surface in the trench 5 provided in the semiconductor device 300, and the trench sidewall 5R on the downstream side of the off angle ( The angle ⁇ R with respect to the (0001) just surface is not an angle at least one of which is not less than 86 ° and not more than 94 °.
- angles ⁇ L and ⁇ R of the trench sidewalls 5L and 5R are determined by the annealing process in the same manner as in the manufacturing method according to the embodiment. By diffusing a part of the surface, these angles ⁇ L and ⁇ R are corrected, and the deviation of each plane orientation is improved.
- the annealing process may not be sufficiently performed. That is, as in this modification, the improvement amount (correction amount) of the deviation of the plane orientation may be insufficient.
- the film thickness of the channel layer 12 on the upstream side of the off angle in the side wall portion of the trench 5 and the film thickness of the channel layer 12 on the downstream side of the off angle are asymmetrical, or the trench 5 in the channel layer 12 is The film thickness distribution in the depth direction is increased.
- the angle ⁇ Lce between the MIS interface between the gate insulating film 8 on the upstream side of the off angle and the channel layer 12 and the (0001) just surface, and the MIS interface between the gate insulating film 8 on the downstream side of the off angle and the channel layer 12 The angle ⁇ Rce with the (0001) just surface is corrected to 86 ° or more and 94 ° or less. Since the region near the MIS interface in the channel layer 12 has the highest traveling rate of electrons as carriers, the channel mobility of carriers can be improved even with the structure according to this modification.
- the channel layer 12 uses a CVD apparatus, and as a silicon-based gas, for example, silane gas, carbon-based gas, for example, propane gas, and dopant gas, for example, if it is n-type, for example, nitrogen gas And heated to a temperature of 1500 ° C. or higher and 1600 ° C. or lower.
- a silicon-based gas for example, silane gas, carbon-based gas, for example, propane gas, and dopant gas, for example, if it is n-type, for example, nitrogen gas And heated to a temperature of 1500 ° C. or higher and 1600 ° C. or lower.
- the film thickness of the channel layer 12 can be changed by setting the growth pressure high or increasing the supply amount of the raw material.
- the pressure can be 300 hPa
- the supply amount of silane gas can be 30 ml / min (0 ° C., 1 atm).
- the semiconductor device 300 that is a trench MISFET having the channel layer 12 can be obtained.
- the second modification even when a trench is formed in a substrate having an off angle, ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ just at both the MIS interface on the upstream side of the off angle and the MIS interface on the downstream side of the off angle in the sidewall portion of the trench.
- the channel layer formed at the MIS interface on the side wall of the trench has excellent crystallinity. For this reason, higher channel mobility of carriers can be ensured in both side wall portions of the trench. As a result, a trench type MISFET having a small on-resistance and capable of flowing a large current can be realized.
- each semiconductor device according to the present embodiment and the modification thereof has been described as an n-type MISFET having a conductivity type of n-type, that is, a carrier being an electron
- the carrier is not limited to the n-type and a carrier is a hole.
- a p-type MISFET may be used.
- the first conductivity type may be read as p-type
- the second conductivity type may be read as n-type.
- each semiconductor device has a MISFET structure in which a gate insulating film is provided between the SiC layer and the gate electrode, but may have a MESFET structure in which the gate insulating film is not provided.
- each semiconductor device sets the extending direction of the trench in a direction intersecting with the off direction in the off substrate, but is not limited thereto.
- the extending direction of the trench may be set in a direction parallel to the off direction or a direction substantially parallel to the off direction.
- an insulated gate bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) is obtained by making the substrate and the semiconductor layer (drift region) formed thereon have different conductivity types.
- IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
- the source electrode 10, the drain electrode 11, and the source region 4 in the above-described trench type MISFET are called an emitter electrode, a collector electrode, and an emitter region, respectively, in order.
- an n-type IGBT can be obtained if the conductivity type of the drift region and the emitter region is n-type and the conductivity type of the substrate and body region is p-type.
- an n-type buffer layer may be disposed between the p-type substrate and the n-type drift region.
- a p-type IGBT can be obtained.
- a p-type buffer layer may be disposed between the n-type substrate and the p-type drift layer.
- the planar shape of each trench is rectangular, and the unit cells are arranged so that the long sides of the plurality of trenches are parallel to each other.
- the planar shape of the trench is not limited to this.
- a planar square trench may be used.
- a direction along any one side may be considered as the width direction of the trench.
- the substrate is made of 4H—SiC
- the (0001) Si surface is the main surface
- the SiC layer is formed on the main surface.
- a SiC layer may be formed on the (000-1) C surface
- a drain electrode may be formed on the (0001) Si surface.
- the plane orientation on the main surface of the substrate may be another crystal plane, and the above-described Si surface or any off-cut surface of the C plane may be the main surface of the substrate.
- other polytype SiC substrates can be used.
- the deviation of the plane orientation is suppressed in the whole body region which is a part of the side wall portion of the trench.
- it is preferable that the deviation of the plane orientation is suppressed in at least a half region of the body region in the sidewall portion of the trench.
- the present invention can be applied to a semiconductor device using another wide band gap semiconductor such as gallium nitride (GaN) or diamond (C) instead of the SiC substrate. Further, the present invention can be applied to a semiconductor device using silicon (Si).
- a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof according to the present disclosure include, for example, a semiconductor device having a trench gate structure, more specifically, an in-vehicle inverter such as EV (Electric Vehicle) or HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle), or an inverter for industrial equipment It is useful in power semiconductor device applications and the like for mounting on a semiconductor device.
- an in-vehicle inverter such as EV (Electric Vehicle) or HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle)
- EV Electric Vehicle
- HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
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Abstract
Description
本発明者らは、トレンチゲート構造を有する縦型MISFET(以下、トレンチ型MISFETと略称する。)である典型的な半導体装置について検討を行った。
一実施形態に係る半導体装置は、オフ角を有する基板と、基板の主面上に配置され、第1導電型の第1の半導体領域を含み、底部が第1の半導体領域に位置するトレンチを有する半導体層と、半導体層におけるトレンチの内部に配置されたゲート電極とを備え、半導体層におけるトレンチは、基板の主面に対する法線方向と基板のc軸方向とに対して平行な断面において、オフ方向側の第1の側壁のうち少なくとも一部が基板の主面に対してなす第1の角が鈍角であり、第1の側壁に対向する第2の側壁のうち少なくとも一部が基板の主面に対してなす第2の角が鋭角である。
「オフ角」とは、基板の主面に対する法線と基板のc軸方向とがなす角を意味する。また、基板の主面と結晶面(c軸に垂直な面)とがなす角をオフ角と呼ぶ場合もある。例えば、c軸方向が<0001>方向である場合、基板の主面と{0001}面とがなす角もオフ角と呼ぶ。
-半導体装置の構造-
以下、本実施形態に係る半導体装置について図1(a)及び図1(b)を参照しながら説明する。
ができる。
以下に、本実施形態に係る半導体装置の製造方法について図2(a)、図2(b)、図3(a)、図3(b)、図4(a)及び図4(b)を参照しながら説明する。
以下、本実施形態に係る半導体装置の製造方法の一変形例として、図5(a)及び図5(b)を参照しながら説明する。
以下、本実施形態の第1変形例に係る半導体装置について図7(a)及び図7(b)を参照しながら説明する。
以下、一実施形態の第2変形例に係る半導体装置について図8(a)及び図8(b)を参照しながら説明する。
2 SiC層
2d ドリフト領域
3 ボディ領域
4 ソース領域
5 トレンチ
5B 下部コーナ部
5L、5L0 オフ角上流側のトレンチ側壁(第2の側壁)
5R、5R0 オフ角下流側のトレンチ側壁(第1の側壁)
5T 上部コーナ部
8 ゲート絶縁膜
9 ゲート電極
10 ソース電極
11 ドレイン電極
12 チャネル層
52 主面
61 マスク層
62 土台
63 対向電極(アノード)
64 平面電極(カソード)
100、200、300 半導体装置
100A 試料
Claims (18)
- オフ角を有する基板と、
前記基板の主面上に配置され、第1導電型の第1の半導体領域を含み、底部が前記第1の半導体領域に位置するトレンチを有する半導体層と、
前記半導体層における前記トレンチの内部に配置されたゲート電極とを備え、
前記半導体層における前記トレンチは、前記基板の主面に対する法線方向と前記基板のc軸方向とに対して平行な断面において、オフ方向側の第1の側壁のうち少なくとも一部が前記基板の主面に対してなす第1の角が鈍角であり、前記第1の側壁に対向する第2の側壁のうち少なくとも一部が前記基板の主面に対してなす第2の角が鋭角である半導体装置。 - 前記第1の側壁の前記少なくとも一部及び前記第2の側壁の前記少なくとも一部は共に、{11-20}面又は{1-100}面に対する方位のずれが前記オフ角よりも小さい請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体層における前記トレンチの上部コーナ部の上面は、前記トレンチの内側に向かって下方に傾斜している請求項1又は2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体層における前記トレンチの側壁と前記ゲート電極との間に配置されたゲート絶縁膜をさらに備え、
前記半導体層は、前記第1の半導体領域であるドリフト領域と、前記ドリフト領域の上に配置された第2導電型のボディ領域と、前記ボディ領域の上部に配置された第1導電型の第2の半導体領域とを有し、
前記トレンチは、前記第2の半導体領域及び前記ボディ領域を貫通して前記ドリフト領域に達しており、
前記第1の側壁の前記少なくとも一部及び前記第2の側壁の前記少なくとも一部には、前記ボディ領域が配置されている請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記基板における前記半導体層と反対側の面上に配置されたドレイン電極と、
前記第2の半導体領域上及び前記ボディ領域上に配置されたソース電極とをさらに備え、
前記第2の半導体領域は、ソース領域であり、
前記基板は、第1導電型を有している請求項4に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体層における前記トレンチの前記第1の側壁の前記少なくとも一部及び前記第2の側壁の前記少なくとも一部は共に、{11-20}面又は{1-100}面に対する方位のずれが4°以下である請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体層は、少なくとも前記ボディ領域と前記ゲート絶縁膜との間に配置された第1導電型の半導体からなるチャネル層を含む請求項4から6のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記チャネル層は、前記第1の側壁上の厚さと前記第2の側壁上の厚さとが互いに異なる請求項7に記載の半導体装置。
- オフ角を有する基板の主面上に、第1導電型の第1の半導体領域を含む半導体層を形成する工程と、
前記半導体層に、底部が前記第1の半導体領域に達するトレンチを形成する工程と、
前記トレンチを形成した後に、前記半導体層に対してアニール処理を行う工程とを備え、
前記アニール処理を行う工程において、
前記半導体層における前記トレンチの上部コーナ部の上面を、前記トレンチの内側に向かって下方に傾斜させ、且つ、
前記トレンチの側壁のうち、前記基板の主面に対する法線方向と前記基板のc軸方向とに対して平行な断面におけるオフ方向側の第1の側壁を、所定の面方位に近づくように矯正することにより、前記断面において、前記第1の側壁のうち少なくとも一部が前記基板の主面に対してなす第1の角が鈍角となり、前記第1の側壁に対向する第2の側壁のうち少なくとも一部が前記基板の主面に対してなす第2の角が鋭角となる半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記アニール処理を行う工程よりも後に、
前記トレンチの側壁を覆うようにゲート絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
前記トレンチの内部の前記ゲート絶縁膜の上にゲート電極を形成する工程とをさらに備え、
前記半導体層は、前記第1の半導体領域であるドリフト領域と、前記ドリフト領域の上に形成された第2導電型のボディ領域と、前記ボディ領域の上部に形成された第1導電型の第2の半導体領域とを有しており、
前記トレンチは、前記第2の半導体領域及び前記ボディ領域を貫通して前記ドリフト領域に達しており、
前記第1の側壁の前記少なくとも一部及び前記第2の側壁の前記少なくとも一部には、前記ボディ領域が形成される請求項9に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記基板における前記半導体層と反対側の面上にドレイン電極を形成する工程と、
前記第2の半導体領域及び前記ボディ領域の上に跨がるようにソース電極を形成する工程とをさらに備え、
前記第2の半導体領域は、ソース領域であり、
前記基板は、第1導電型を有している請求項10に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記トレンチを形成する工程において、
前記トレンチはドライエッチングによって形成され、当該ドライエッチングの際の電圧印加方向と前記基板のc軸方向とがなす角が、前記オフ角よりも小さくなるように設定される請求項9に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記アニール処理は、不活性ガス雰囲気で行う請求項9に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記アニール処理は、1500℃以上且つ1600℃以下で行う請求項9に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記ゲート絶縁膜を形成する工程よりも前であって、前記アニール処理を行う工程よりも後に、前記トレンチの側壁上に、第1導電型の半導体からなるチャネル層を形成する工程をさらに備えている請求項10に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記チャネル層を形成する工程において、
前記チャネル層は、前記トレンチの側壁部分における前記ゲート絶縁膜と前記チャネル層との界面のうち、前記オフ方向で対向する面は、{11-20}面又は{1-100}に対する方位のずれが4°以下となるように形成される請求項15に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記c軸方向は、<0001>方向であり、
前記オフ方向は、<11-20>方向又は<1-100>方向である請求項9から16のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記基板及び前記半導体層は、炭化珪素により構成されている請求項9から17のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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| JP2016163048A (ja) * | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-05 | インフィネオン テクノロジーズ アクチエンゲゼルシャフトInfineon Technologies AG | 主結晶方向に対し傾斜した長手方向軸を有するトレンチゲート構造を含む電力半導体デバイス |
| US11024629B2 (en) | 2015-06-21 | 2021-06-01 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Semiconductor device comprising gate structure sidewalls having different angles |
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| US10468416B2 (en) | 2015-06-21 | 2019-11-05 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Semiconductor device comprising gate structure sidewalls having different angles |
| JP2018037648A (ja) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-03-08 | インフィネオン テクノロジーズ アーゲーInfineon Technologies Ag | 有向イオンビームの使用による電極トレンチの形成とトレンチ電極構造を有する半導体素子 |
| JP2019087670A (ja) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-06-06 | 富士電機株式会社 | 炭化シリコン半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
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| WO2021053906A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-03-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
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| JP2023546926A (ja) * | 2020-10-27 | 2023-11-08 | ウルフスピード インコーポレイテッド | トレンチ付きゲートを含むパワー半導体デバイス及びそのようなデバイスを形成する方法 |
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| JP7673530B2 (ja) | 2021-07-09 | 2025-05-09 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 半導体チップ |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5649152B1 (ja) | 2015-01-07 |
| US9130036B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 |
| JPWO2014178094A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
| US20150137221A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
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