WO2013011789A1 - 金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法及び鋳型 - Google Patents
金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法及び鋳型 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013011789A1 WO2013011789A1 PCT/JP2012/065601 JP2012065601W WO2013011789A1 WO 2013011789 A1 WO2013011789 A1 WO 2013011789A1 JP 2012065601 W JP2012065601 W JP 2012065601W WO 2013011789 A1 WO2013011789 A1 WO 2013011789A1
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- mold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/03—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings formed by vacuum-sealed moulding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metal casting mold making method and a metal casting mold.
- Patent Document 1 Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, a synthetic resin film is closely attached to a molding surface of an original shape member, and dry sand is filled on the outside of the synthetic resin film.
- a V process casting method is known in which a resin film is adsorbed on the dry sand side, a prototype member is released to form a cavity, and molten metal is poured into the cavity.
- this V process casting method since the mold is held by the reduced pressure in the mold, no binder for solidifying the sand is used, so that no mold sand kneading equipment is required, and odor during casting is also eliminated. There is an advantage that it hardly occurs and the product can be easily taken out after casting.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a metal capable of casting a healthy casting without mold sanding on the casting surface without requiring a coating operation and a coating drying operation.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a casting mold making method and a casting mold.
- a first invention of the present invention is a method for forming a casting mold for metal casting, wherein a step of coating a receiving mold with a pulp mold product, and a mold frame provided with a pressure reducing means are pulped.
- the pulp mold product is carbonized by the heat of the molten metal at the time of casting and serves as a coating mold. It is possible to prevent the mold sand from seizing on the surface. As a result, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to apply a coating mold, and the coating process, the drying process of the coating mold, and the equipment associated therewith are not required.
- the mold including the mold frame, the heat-resistant particles, the pulp mold product, and the sealing member are integrated, thereby increasing the strength of the mold, so that the mold can be formed with a pulp mold product molded with natural fibers.
- a pulp mold product is used and a synthetic resin film is not used, no gas is generated due to combustion of the synthetic resin film, and defects on the casting surface due to the generation of this gas can be prevented.
- a pulp mold product does not use petroleum as a raw material unlike a synthetic resin film, it can also contribute to reduction of an environmental load.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a metal casting mold, a pulp mold product that covers a receiving mold, a mold frame that is installed on the top of the pulp mold product and includes a decompression means, and a mold frame.
- Heat-resistant particles to be filled, and a sealing member provided on the upper surface of the mold frame for sealing the inside of the mold frame, and the inside of the mold frame is decompressed by a decompression means, the mold frame, the heat-resistant particles, A pulp mold product and a mold including a sealing member are formed, and the pulp mold product is separated from the receiving mold.
- the pulp mold product is formed from natural fibers.
- the pulp mold product has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm.
- the pulp mold product is formed by a paper making method.
- the pulp mold product is formed by a press pressure method.
- a third invention of the present invention is a method for forming a metal casting mold, comprising a step of forming a pulp mold product by a paper mold having a metal mesh on the surface, and a pressure reducing means on the upper part of the pulp mold product.
- the method includes a step of forming a mold including a mold frame, heat-resistant particles, a pulp mold product, and a sealing member, and a step of separating the pulp mold product from the paper mold.
- a fourth invention of the present invention is a method for forming a metal casting mold, the step of forming a pulp mold product by a paper mold having a metal mesh on the surface, and the step of transferring the pulp mold product to a receiving mold.
- a fifth invention of the present invention is a method for forming a metal casting mold, wherein a pulp mold having a core shape opened at least at one location by a combination paper mold having a metal mesh provided on a plurality of divided molding surfaces
- the step of sucking from the back side of the paper mold or the back side of the receiving mold, or the back side of the mold frame preferably, after the step of filling the mold frame with the heat-resistant particles, the step of sucking from the back side of the paper mold or the back side of the receiving mold, or the back side of the mold frame.
- the step of sucking from the back of the paper mold or the pressurized air from the opening of the pulp mold product A step of blowing, or a step of sucking from the back of the paper mold and blowing pressurized air from the opening of the pulp mold product is executed.
- the third to fifth inventions of the present invention preferably further include a step of heating the heat-resistant particles.
- the heating temperature of the heat-resistant particles in the step of heating the heat-resistant particles is 50 ° C. to 200 ° C.
- the pulp mold product has a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm.
- the step of filling the heat-resistant particles in the mold frame or the inside of the pulp mold product having a core shape has a step of vibrating and filling the heat-resistant particles.
- a sixth invention of the present invention is a metal casting mold formed by the mold making method according to the third to fifth inventions of the present invention, wherein the product mold surface in contact with the metal is molded by a pulp mold product. It is a dimension surface, and the back of the pulp mold product is backed up by heat-resistant particles and is maintained in a reduced pressure state.
- the metal casting mold forming method and mold of the present invention it is possible to cast a sound casting without mold sanding onto the casting surface without requiring a coating operation and a coating drying operation.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 a metal casting mold making method and a mold according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- a cradle 1, a pulp mold product (shielding member) 2, and a mold frame 4 are prepared, and then the uneven surface of the receiving mold 1 is covered with the pulp mold product 2.
- the receiving die 1 is a table that has an uneven surface on the upper surface that follows the shape of the cavity, covers the pulp molded product 2 on the uneven surface, and supports the pulp molded product 2.
- the mold frame 4 is a frame body in which an upper surface (back surface) 4a and a lower surface 4b are opened.
- the mold frame 4 includes a decompression mechanism 6 for decompressing the interior of the mold frame 4.
- the pulp mold product 2 is a member that shields the opening of the mold frame 4 on the mold matching surface (lower surface 4b) side.
- the pulp mold product 2 is formed in a portion that forms a mold matching surface and a cavity surface and covers at least the uneven surface of the receiving mold 1.
- the cavity 14 is a space in the mold 12 formed by matching the upper mold 12a and the lower mold 12b, and a casting is cast by pouring molten metal into this space (FIG. 2). reference).
- a mold frame 4 is installed on top of the pulp mold product 2.
- heat-resistant particles 8 are filled into the mold frame 4 which is a space defined by the pulp mold product 2 and the mold frame 4.
- a sealing member 10 is provided on the upper surface of the mold frame 4, and the inside of the mold frame 4 is sealed with the sealing member 10.
- the decompression mechanism 6 is a mold in which a plurality of pipes 6a made of a fine mesh that does not allow the heat-resistant particles 8 described later to pass through the mold frame 4 and the ends of the plurality of pipes 6a communicate with each other.
- a suction chamber 6b and a suction port 6c formed in the frame 4 are provided. The suction port 6c is connected to a suction device (not shown) provided outside, and the inside of the mold frame 4 is sucked (depressurized) by the pipe 6a.
- the pulp mold product 2 is separated from the cradle 1 while the inside of the mold frame 4 is decompressed.
- the inside of the mold frame 4 is continuously decompressed by the decompression mechanism 6.
- FIG. 2 shows a mold 12 in which an upper mold 12a and a lower mold 12b are molded by the process shown in FIG.
- the pulp mold product 2 is formed in advance by a paper making method or a press working method.
- This paper making method refers to a method of obtaining a pulp mold product having a desired shape by making a raw material melted with water into a liquid and drawing it with a wire net attached to a mold and drying it.
- the press working method refers to a method of pressing a flat paper to obtain a pulp mold product having a desired shape.
- the paper making method has an advantage that a pulp mold product having a complicated shape can be obtained.
- the press-pressing method has a simple shape, but has an advantage that it can be manufactured at low cost.
- the raw material used for the pulp mold product 2 is wood pulp typified by paper pulp. Besides this, natural fiber pulp such as cotton pulp, linter pulp, bamboo, straw and other non-wood pulp can be used.
- the raw material for these pulp mold products may be virgin pulp, recycled waste paper pulp, or a mixed pulp thereof. Waste paper pulp is preferred from the viewpoint of environment and production cost. Further, although not preferable in terms of environment and resources, synthetic resin fibers or the like can be used as non-natural fibers.
- the pulp mold product 2 is molded with a thickness of 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm. If the thickness is less than 0.1 mm, the strength of the pulp mold product is lowered, and there is a problem that tearing, wrinkling, and the like occur when installed on the receiving mold 1. On the other hand, if it is thicker than 2.0 mm, there is no major problem in casting production, but during casting, the pulp mold product is carbonized, reduced in volume and thinned by the heat of the molten metal, so the size of the casting is the thickness of the pulp mold product. Unreasonable, such as becoming larger.
- the average length of the pulp fiber of the pulp mold product 2 is 0.3 mm to 4.0 mm. If it is shorter than 0.3 mm, the strength of the pulp mold product is lowered, and if it is longer than 4.0 mm, unevenness in papermaking tends to occur.
- a pulp fiber having an average length of about 2 mm and a thickness of 1 mm is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of handling, air permeability, and good sand separation of the casting.
- the pulp mold product is used on the cavity surface, so that the pulp mold product is heated by the heat of the molten metal during casting. Carbonization serves as a mold, thereby preventing mold sand from sticking to the casting surface. As a result, it is not necessary to apply a coating mold, so that the coating process, the drying process of the coating mold, and the equipment associated therewith are also unnecessary.
- the opening of each of the upper and lower surfaces of the mold frame is sealed with a pulp mold product (shielding member) and a sealing member, and the mold frame filled with heat-resistant particles is decompressed. Therefore, it is possible to mold a mold using a pulp mold product molded from natural fibers. Further, since the synthetic resin film is not used for the shielding member as in the V process casting method, there is no generation of gas due to combustion of the synthetic resin film, and defects on the casting surface due to the generation of this gas can be prevented. Furthermore, since the pulp mold product using the natural fiber according to the present embodiment does not use petroleum as a raw material unlike the synthetic resin film, it can contribute to the reduction of environmental load.
- sand or the like that does not contain a binder is used as the heat-resistant particles filled in the mold frame, no odor or harmful gas is generated, and no incidental equipment such as an exhaust gas treatment device is required.
- heat-resistant particles, such as sand do not add a binder, they are not processed by a kneader or the like, and exhibit great effects such as reduction of processes, reduction of equipment, and reduction of management.
- the decompression can be released by releasing the decompression in the mold frame and setting it to normal pressure, so there is no need for vibration, striking, etc. Ancillary facilities such as dust devices can also be reduced.
- FIG. 3 (A) a pulp mold product 22 molded into a three-dimensional shape by a paper milling method using a paper mold 20 having a wire mesh provided on the surface so as to obtain a desired casting first. Mold.
- FIG. 3 (B) a pressure reducing mechanism 26 is provided in which the upper surface and the lower surface are opened on the upper surface of the pulp mold product 22 so as to be filled with heat-resistant particles 24 described later and the inside of the frame can be depressurized.
- the provided mold frame 28 is provided.
- the decompression mechanism 26 is the same as the decompression mechanism 6 in the first embodiment described above.
- the heat-resistant particles 24 are placed in a space surrounded by the pulp mold product 22 and the mold frame 28 as shown in FIG. Fill.
- the back surface (upper surface) of the mold frame 28 is sealed (shielded) from the atmosphere by a sealing member 30 such as a synthetic resin film so that the inside of the mold frame 28 can be depressurized.
- the inside of the mold frame 28 is depressurized via the decompression mechanism 26 to form a mold in which the mold frame 28, the heat resistant particles 24, the pulp mold product 22, and the sealing member 30 are integrated.
- the pulp mold product 22 is released from the paper mold 20 while sucking the pulp mold product 22 toward the mold frame 28 while the inside of the mold frame 28 is decompressed.
- mold release can be easily performed by blowing air from the back surface (lower surface) of the paper mold 20.
- synthetic resin film was used as the sealing member in this embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, an iron plate or a rubber sheet can be used.
- casting sand such as a silica sand, can be used.
- the temperature of the heat-resistant particles 24 to be filled is heated to 50 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. or less, and the pulp mold product 22 is dried by this heat.
- the heating temperature of the heat-resistant particles 24 is set to 50 to 200 ° C.
- the drying effect of the pulp mold product 22 is insufficient at a temperature lower than 50 ° C., and the heat-resistant particles 24 become the pulp mold product 22 at a temperature higher than 200 ° C. This is because moisture may evaporate at the same time as the contact and the heat-resistant particles 24 may be scattered.
- the step of sucking from the back surface (lower surface) of the paper mold 20 the step of blowing pressurized air from the back surface (upper surface) of the mold frame 28, or As shown in FIG. 4, a process of blowing pressurized air from the back surface (upper surface) of the mold frame 28 and sucking it from the back surface (lower surface) of the paper mold 20 may be executed.
- a pressurized air supply box 32 is provided on the back surface (upper surface) of the mold frame 28 to blow in pressurized air, and suction is performed from the back surface (lower surface) of the paper mold 20. If air is circulated in this manner, drying of the pulp molded product 22 can be further promoted.
- FIG. 5A a method for forming a metal casting mold according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the paper mold 20 is covered with the receiving mold 34.
- the receiving mold 34 has a structure obtained by inverting the shape of the paper mold 20 and has a surface shape that can be in close contact with the pulp mold product 22.
- FIG. 5B After the pulp mold product 22 is transferred from the paper mold 20 to the receiving mold 34, the pulp mold product on the upper surface of the receiving mold 34 is shown in FIG. 5C.
- 22 is provided with a mold frame 28, and thereafter, similarly to the method according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the heat-resistant particles 24 are filled (see FIG. 5D), and the back surface (upper surface) of the mold frame 28 by the sealing member 30 (See FIG. 5E), the inside of the mold frame 28 is depressurized to form a mold in which the mold frame 28, the heat resistant particles 24, the pulp mold product 22, and the sealing member 30 are integrated.
- the pulp mold product 22 is released (see FIG. 5F), and a mold is manufactured. Note that the release can be easily performed by blowing air from the lower surface of the receiving die 34 during the release.
- the heating temperature of the heat-resistant particle 24 into 50 degreeC or more and 200 degrees C or less, and to dry the pulp mold product 22 with this heat similarly to 2nd Embodiment.
- the step of sucking from the back surface (lower surface) of the receiving mold 34 or the pressure from the back surface (upper surface) of the mold frame 28 As shown in FIG. 4, a step of blowing air or a step of blowing pressurized air from the back surface (upper surface) of the mold frame 28 and suctioning from the back surface (lower surface) of the receiving die 34 may be executed. Good.
- FIG. 6 A method for forming a metal casting mold according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- This 4th Embodiment is related with the manufacturing method of the core type
- a combination paper cutter 40 having a core shape in which a metal mesh is covered on a molding surface divided into two or more parts and at least one baseboard part is opened, A bag-shaped pulp mold product 42 is formed.
- a pressure-reducing mechanism 44 that depressurizes the inside of the bag-shaped pulp molded product 42 is inserted through the opening and the heat-resistant particles 46 are filled.
- the heat-resistant particles 46 in the vicinity of the openings are impregnated with a binder 48 such as wax to be solidified and sealed so that the heat-resistant particles 46 in the bag-shaped pulp molded product 42 are not discharged.
- the inside of the bag-shaped pulp mold product 42 is decompressed through the decompression mechanism 44 to form a mold in which the heat-resistant particles 46 and the pulp mold product 42 are integrated.
- the core mold 50 having the bag-shaped pulp mold product 42 as the surface is released from the combined paper-sheet mold 40 while the inside of the bag-shaped pulp mold product 42 is decompressed.
- the mold release can be easily performed by blowing air from the back surface (outer side surface) of the paper mold 40 during the mold release. Moreover, as a method of sealing an opening so that the heat-resistant particle with which the inside of a pulp mold product was filled is not discharged
- the heating temperature of the heat-resistant particles 46 to be filled is preferably 50 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. or less.
- the decompression means 44 is used, and pressurized air is blown from a connecting portion 44c with a suction device (not shown).
- pressurized air can be blown using a pressurized air supply box (see FIG. 4) that covers the opening of the pulp mold product 42, You may make it spray pressurized air directly with a nozzle.
- the pulp mold products 22 and 42 preferably have a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 mm when dried. If it is thinner than 0.1 mm, a stable pulp mold product cannot be obtained, and tearing may occur partially. On the other hand, if it is thicker than 2.0 mm, there is no major problem in the production of castings, or the drying time of the pulp mold product is not serious, but the pulp mold product is carbonized, reduced in volume and thinned by the heat of the molten metal during casting. This is because unreasonableness such as an increase in the size of the casting due to the reduced volume of the pulp mold product occurs.
- the average length of pulp mold product fibers used is suitably 0.3 to 4.0 mm. If it is shorter than 0.3 mm, the strength of the pulp mold product is lowered, and if it is longer than 4.0 mm, unevenness in papermaking tends to occur.
- Pulp mold products with a fiber length of about 0.8 to 3.5 mm and a thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 mm are easy to handle paper making, air permeability, good sand separation of castings, etc. To preferred.
- the heat-resistant particles 24 and 46 are preferably filled while applying vibration to the mold frame in order to improve particle clogging.
- the foundry sand for example, general sand and gravel, glass beads, ceramic beads, metal particles, and the like can be used as the heat resistant particles 24 and 46.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a mold formed by the metal casting mold forming method according to the second to fourth embodiments of the present invention
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
- the metal casting mold includes a main mold 52 which is a mold formed according to any of the second to third embodiments, and a mold formed according to the fourth embodiment.
- a core mold 50 is provided.
- the product mold surface in contact with the metal is a three-dimensional surface formed by the pulp mold products 22 and 42, and the back surfaces of the pulp mold products 22 and 42 are backed up by the heat resistant particles 24 and 46. And kept under reduced pressure.
- the surfaces of the metal casting molds 50 and 52 that are in contact with the molten high-temperature metal are the pulp mold products 22 and 42.
- the pulp molded products 22 and 42 are carbonized by casting, harmful gases and odors are hardly generated by using natural fibers.
- the heat-resistant particles 24 and 46 inside the mold do not contain a binder, no odor or harmful gas is generated by this, and an incidental facility such as an exhaust gas treatment device is unnecessary.
- no binder is added, the heat-resistant particles 24 and 46 are not processed by a kneader or the like, and a great effect such as reduction of processes, reduction of equipment, and reduction of management is exhibited.
- the mold when the mold is released, it can be removed by releasing the reduced pressure in the mold to normal pressure, and it is observed that the carbonized layer of the pulp mold product is loosely attached to the casting. Since it can be separated from the heat-resistant particles, vibration and striking for unraveling are unnecessary, and since there is little dust generation, there is an advantage that it is hardly necessary to consider incidental facilities such as a dust collector.
- Example 1 As a molding material for the pulp mold product, an aqueous solution containing about 1% by weight of a solid content of bleached kraft waste paper pulp (average fiber length of 3.5 mm) obtained by laboratoryly breaking bleached kraft paper as a pulp slurry was prepared. As a papermaking mold, an aluminum mold for papermaking with a 100-mesh wire netted on the surface was prepared.
- the papermaking aluminum mold was immersed in the pulp slurry and vacuum suction was performed, and the pulp was laminated and adsorbed on the surface of the papermaking aluminum mold, and was taken out from the pulp slurry. .
- the pulp mold product is transferred from the papermaking aluminum mold to the compression mold.
- the other mold for compression was put on and the pulp mold product was dried while blowing hot air.
- the thickness of the pulp mold product at this time was approximately 0.5 mm.
- the gate system does not have to be formed at the same time.
- a mold part made of a paper pipe or styrene foam is connected to the pulp mold product before filling the mold frame with heat-resistant particles.
- the other pulp mold product which becomes a mold matching mold was molded.
- a mold was made.
- a pulp mold product was covered with a receiving mold made of a resin block so that there was no gap. If there is a gap between the receiving mold and the pulp mold product, it is possible to adjust some dimensions by spraying moisture onto the pulp mold product, pressing the receiving mold, and letting it fit.
- the receiving mold is placed on the vibration table in order to improve the packing density of the heat-resistant particles filled in the mold frame.
- a mold frame provided with a pressure reducing mechanism capable of depressurizing the inside of the mold frame was placed on the pulp mold product, and the mold frame was filled with heat-resistant particles while operating the vibration table. Artificial foundry sand (Naigaisera beads 650 made by ITOCHU CERATECH) was used as the heat-resistant particles.
- a synthetic resin film of about 0.05 mm was covered on the upper surface of the mold frame to partition it from the atmosphere, and then the inside of the mold frame was decompressed with a vacuum pump and released from the receiving mold.
- the inside of the mold frame is depressurized to 250 to 300 mmHg. If the pulp mold product (shielding member) has air permeability and is difficult to release, it can be easily released by providing a structure in which air is ejected from the receiving mold.
- the mold for metal casting was completed by forming the other mold to be the mold matching mold and matching the mold.
- the mold was depressurized and the casting was taken out. As a result, the mold could be removed without generating dust or odor. Further, only the carbonized thin film of the pulp mold product adhered loosely on the surface of the casting, and no adhesion of sand was observed. In addition, the casting was able to be cast as a healthy casting without being blown, cast hole, or sand seizure.
- Example 2 For the molding material of pulp mold products, as a pulp slurry, the milk carton is disaggregated in the laboratory and the solid content concentration of the milk carton waste paper pulp (average fiber length 2 mm) from which the laminated film and the like are removed is about 1% by weight. An aqueous solution was prepared. The pulp mold product was molded in the same manner as in Example 1. The thickness of the pulp mold product was approximately 1 mm. Also in this example, the pulp mold product is manufactured including a gate system such as a gate, a runner, and a weir. Next, the molding and casting of the mold were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, there was almost no dust or odor in the processes such as casting and mold release, and the work environment was not contaminated. In addition, sound quality was ensured for the cast products.
- a gate system such as a gate, a runner, and a weir
- Example 3 As a molding material for the pulp mold product, an aqueous solution of about 1% by weight of solid content of newspaper waste paper (average fiber length 0.8 mm) which was deinked and deinked in the laboratory as pulp slurry was prepared.
- the pulp mold product was molded in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the thickness of the pulp mold product was approximately 1.5 mm.
- the pulp mold product is manufactured including a gate system such as a gate, a runner, and a weir.
- the molding and casting of the mold were performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- silica sand Australiann flattery sand
- a slight amount of dust was observed as compared with the artificial foundry sand of Example 1, but not so much as to affect the working environment.
- the cast product as in Examples 1 and 2, a sound cast product was obtained.
- Example 4 As the molding material of the pulp mold product, an aqueous solution of about 1% by weight solid content of newspaper waste paper pulp (average fiber length of 0.4 mm) obtained by laboratoryly disaggregating and deinking newspaper was prepared as pulp slurry.
- the pulp mold product was molded in the same manner as in Example 1. The thickness of the pulp mold product was approximately 2.5 mm. Also in this embodiment, the pulp mold product is manufactured including a gate system such as a gate, a runner, and a weir. Next, the molding and casting of the mold were performed in the same manner as in Example 3. As a result, almost no odor was generated in casting and mold casting.
- Example 3 a sound cast product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3. However, since the thickness of the pulp mold product was 2.5 mm, the occurrence of burrs was recognized on the mold-matching surface.
- Example 5 the pulp mold product was molded in the same manner as in Example 4. However, the outer periphery of the casting shape was about 3 mm wide using a separately prepared jig, and the pulp mold product was pressed from the back, and the thickness of the pulp molding product at that portion was approximately 0.8 mm. Also in this embodiment, the pulp mold product is manufactured including a gate system such as a gate, a runner, and a weir. Next, the molding and casting of the mold were performed in the same manner as in Example 4. As a result, the burr of the cast product was greatly improved.
- a gate system such as a gate, a runner, and a weir
- Example 6 when producing a pulp mold product, an aqueous solution containing about 0.5% by weight of a solid content concentration of bleached kraft waste paper pulp (average fiber length of 3.5 mm) obtained by laboratoryly breaking bleached kraft paper as the pulp slurry was prepared.
- a solid content concentration of bleached kraft waste paper pulp average fiber length of 3.5 mm
- an aluminum mold for papermaking with a 100-mesh wire netted on the surface was prepared.
- the paper mold In forming the pulp mold product, while stirring the pulp slurry, the paper mold was immersed in the pulp slurry and vacuum suction was performed, and the pulp was laminated and adsorbed on the surface of the paper mold and taken out from the pulp slurry.
- an artificial casting sand (made by ITOCHU CERATECH Co., Ltd.) heated to about 60 ° C. as heat-resistant particles in a space surrounded by the pulp mold product and the mold frame is covered with a mold frame that can be decompressed inside the frame Niiga Sera beads 650) were filled, and the vibration table was operated to improve the packing density of the artificial foundry sand. Thereafter, suction was performed from the back of the paper mold to allow the inside of the mold frame to flow. The air flow time was approximately 60 seconds.
- a synthetic resin film of about 0.05 mm was covered on the back of the mold frame and partitioned from the atmosphere, and then the mold was decompressed with a vacuum pump and released from the paper mold. Since the pulp mold product has air permeability at the time of mold release, in order to perform mold release easily, it was possible to release the mold easily by ejecting air from the back side of the paper mold. The thickness of the pulp mold product at this time was approximately 0.5 mm.
- Example 7 When producing a pulp mold product, as a pulp slurry, the milk carton is disaggregated in the laboratory, and the solid content concentration of the waste paper carton pulp (average fiber length 2 mm) from which the laminated film and the like are removed is about 0.5 weight. % Aqueous solution was prepared.
- the mold was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the thickness of the pulp mold product was approximately 1 mm, and the temperature of the heat-resistant particles was approximately 100 ° C. Further, the in-mold air flow time for drying the pulp mold product was about 90 seconds. Casting was performed in the same manner as in Example 6.
- Example 8 In producing the pulp mold product, as the pulp slurry, an aqueous solution of about 0.5% by weight of solid content of waste newspaper pulp (average fiber length of 0.8 mm) obtained by laboratoryly deaggregating and deinking newsprint was prepared. Mold production was performed in the same manner as in Example 6, but as the heat-resistant particles, silica sand (Australian flattery sand) was used and filled in the mold frame while applying vibration. The thickness of the pulp mold product was approximately 1.5 mm, and the temperature of the heat-resistant particles was approximately 150 ° C. Moreover, the in-mold air flow time for drying the pulp mold product was approximately 60 seconds.
- Example 9 In producing a pulp mold product, as a pulp slurry, the milk carton was disaggregated in the laboratory, and the solid content concentration of waste milk pulp (average fiber length 2 mm) from which the laminated film was removed was about 0.5% by weight. % Aqueous solution was prepared.
- the core shape as shown in FIG. A paper mesh surface is covered with a 100 mesh wire mesh.
- the core-type baseboard part is open, and the slurry for molding a pulp mold product can enter and exit through this opening.
- a two-part paper mold was combined and immersed in a slurry solution. Slurry entered from the baseboard opening and was sucked from the back of the paper mold to form a pulp mold product.
- a paper mold was taken out of the slurry and filled with heat-resistant particles heated to 100 ° C. from the opening.
- a pipe-shaped decompression mechanism was inserted so that the inside of the mold could be decompressed.
- pressurized air was blown into the mold from the opening, and the pulp mold product was dried by suction from the back of the paper mold. Pressurization and suction time were approximately 60 seconds.
- the opening is covered with a synthetic resin film of about 0.05 mm to shield the mold so that the inside of the mold can be depressurized. And a core mold was produced.
- the thickness of the pulp mold product was approximately 1 mm.
- Example 7 Separately from this, the upper and lower main molds produced in the same manner as in Example 7 were prepared, the core mold was installed on the lower mold, and the upper mold was covered, so that a casting mold as shown in FIG. completed. Casting was performed in the same manner as in Example 6.
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Abstract
Description
このように構成された本発明においては、受け型をパルプモールド品で被覆するようにしているので、鋳造時にパルプモールド品が溶湯の熱により炭化して塗型の役割を果たし、それにより、鋳物表面への鋳型砂の焼付きを防止できる。この結果、本発明によれば、塗型を施す必要がなくなり、塗型工程及び塗型の乾燥工程や、それらに伴う設備も不要となる。
また、鋳型枠の上面を封止部材により封止し、耐熱粒子が充填された鋳型枠内を減圧するようにしたので、鋳型枠、耐熱粒子、パルプモールド品、及び、封止部材を含む鋳型が一体化され、それにより鋳型の強度が大となり、そのため、天然繊維で成形したパルプモールド品で鋳型を造型することができる。また、パルプモールド品を用い、合成樹脂フィルムを用いていないので、合成樹脂フィルムの燃焼によるガスの発生が無く、このガスの発生による鋳物表面に及ぼす欠陥を防止できる。
さらに、パルプモールド品は、合成樹脂フィルムのように石油を原料としていないため環境負荷の低減にも寄与することができる。
このように構成された本発明においても、上述した第1の発明と同様な優れた作用効果が奏される。
先ず、図1及び図2により、本発明の第1実施形態による金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法及び鋳型を説明する。
ここで、受け型1は、キャビティーの形状に倣った凹凸面を上面に有し、パルプモールド品2を凹凸面に被覆し且つパルプモールド品2を受け支える台である。鋳型枠4は、上面(背面)4a及び下面4bが開口された枠体である。この鋳型枠4は、鋳型枠4内を減圧するための減圧機構6を備えている。
ここで、減圧機構6は、鋳型枠4内に後述する耐熱粒子8が通過しない細かい目の網で作られた複数本のパイプ6aと、これらの複数本のパイプ6aの両端が連通する、鋳型枠4内に形成された吸引室6b及び吸引口6cとを備えている。なお、この吸引口6cは、外部に設けられた吸引装置(図示せず)に接続され、パイプ6aにより、鋳型枠4内が吸引される(減圧される)ようになっている。
先ず、図3(A)に示すように、先ず要望する鋳物が得られるよう、表面に金網が設けられた紙すき型20を用いた紙すき工法により、3次元形状に成形されたパルプモールド品22を成形する。次に、図3(B)に示すように、パルプモールド品22の上面に、後述する耐熱粒子24が充填できるように上面及び下面が開口され且つ枠内を減圧することができる減圧機構26を備えた鋳型枠28を設ける。減圧機構26は、上述した第1実施形態における減圧機構6と同様なものである。
第3実施形態においては、図5(A)に示すように、紙すき型20でパルプモールド品22を成形した後、紙すき型20に受け型34をかぶせる。受け型34は、紙すき型20の形状を反転した構造であり、パルプモールド品22に密着できる表面形状を有する。
先ず、図6(A)に示すように、2分割以上に分割された成形面に金網がかぶせられ、少なくとも1箇所の巾木部が開口している中子形状を有する組み合わせ紙すき型40により、袋状パルプモールド品42を成形する。
パルプモールド品の成形材料には、パルプスラリーとして晒クラフト紙を実験室的に離解した晒クラフト古紙パルプ(平均繊維長3.5mm)の固形分濃度約1重量%水溶液を準備した。
紙抄き型としては、表面に100メッシュの金網を貼り付けた抄造用アルミ型を準備した。
ついで、パルプモールド品を脱水するため、圧縮用合わせ型の一方をパルプモールド品が積層された抄造用アルミ型にかぶせて、パルプモールド品を抄造用アルミ型から圧縮用合わせ型に移し変えた後、もう一方の圧縮用合わせ型をかぶせ、熱風を噴出しながらパルプモールド品を乾燥した。このときのパルプモールド品の厚みは概ね0.5mmであった。
同様に、鋳型の合わせ型になる他方のパルプモールド品を成形した。
ついで、鋳型枠内を減圧することができる減圧機構を備えた鋳型枠をパルプモールド品の上にかぶせ、振動テーブルを稼動させながら鋳型枠内に耐熱粒子を充填した。耐熱粒子には、人工鋳物砂(伊藤忠セラテック製ナイガイセラビーズ650)を使用した。
パルプモールド品の成形材料には、パルプスラリーとして、ミルクカートンを実験室的に離解し、ラミネートされているフィルム等を除去したミルクカートン古紙パルプ(平均繊維長2mm)の固形分濃度約1重量%水溶液を準備した。
パルプモールド品の成形は、実施例1と同様に行った。パルプモールド品の厚みは概ね1mmとした。なお、本実施例においても、パルプモールド品は、湯口、湯道、堰等の湯口系を含めて製作されている。
ついで、鋳型の造型、鋳造については、実施例1と同様に行った。
結果、鋳造時、鋳型ばらし時等の工程において、発じんも臭気もほとんどなく、作業環境等汚染することはなかった。また、鋳造した鋳物も健全な品質が確保できた。
パルプモールド品の成形材料には、パルプスラリーとして、新聞紙を実験室的に離解し、脱墨した新聞古紙パルプ(平均繊維長0.8mm)の固形分濃度約1重量%水溶液を準備した。
パルプモールド品の成形は、実施例1と同様に行った。パルプモールド品の厚みは概ね1.5mmとした。なお、本実施例においても、パルプモールド品は、湯口、湯道、堰等の湯口系を含めて製作されている。
ついで、鋳型の造型、鋳造については、実施例1と同様に行った。ただし、耐熱性粒子には、けい砂(オーストラリア産フラタリーサンド)を用いた。
結果、鋳造、鋳型ばらし等の工程において、臭気の発生はほとんどなかった。しかし、実施例1の人工鋳物砂に比較して、わずかに発じんが観察されたが、作業環境に影響を与えるほどの発じんではなかった。
鋳造された鋳物は、実施例1、2と同様、健全な鋳物が得られた。
パルプモールド品の成形材料には、パルプスラリーとして、新聞紙を実験室的に離解、脱墨した新聞古紙パルプ(平均繊維長0.4mm)の固形分濃度約1重量%水溶液を準備した。
パルプモールド品の成形は、実施例1と同様に行った。パルプモールド品の厚みは概ね2.5mmとした。なお、本実施例においても、パルプモールド品は、湯口、湯道、堰等の湯口系を含めて製作されている。
ついで、鋳型の造型、鋳造については、実施例3と同様に行った。
結果、鋳造、鋳型ばらしにおいて、臭気の発生はほとんどなかった。しかし、実施例1の人工鋳物砂に比較して、わずかに発じんが観察されたが、作業環境に影響を与えるほどの発じんではなかった。
鋳造した鋳物は、実施例3と同様、健全な鋳物が得られたが、パルプモールド品の厚みが2.5mmということもあり、型合わせ面でバリの発生が認められた。
本実施例では、パルプモールド品の成形を、実施例4と同様に行った。ただし、鋳物形状の外周部は、別途用意した冶具を用いて約3mm巾で、パルプモールド品を背面から押圧し、その部分のパルプモール成形品の肉厚をほぼ0.8mmとした。なお、本実施例においても、パルプモールド品は、湯口、湯道、堰等の湯口系を含めて製作されている。
ついで、鋳型の造型、鋳造については、実施例4と同様に行った。
結果、鋳造した鋳物のバリは大幅に改善することができた。
まず、パルプモールド品の作製にあたり、そのパルプスラリーとして晒クラフト紙を実験室的に離解した晒クラフト古紙パルプ(平均繊維長3.5mm)の固形分濃度約0.5重量%水溶液を準備した。紙すき型としては、その表面に100メッシュの金網を貼り付けた抄造用アルミ型を準備した。
パルプモールド品の作製にあたり、そのパルプスラリーとして、ミルクカートンを実験室的に離解し、ラミネートされているフィルム等を除去したミルクカートン古紙パルプ(平均繊維長2mm)の固形分濃度約0.5重量%水溶液を準備した。
パルプモールド品の作製にあたり、そのパルプスラリーとして、新聞紙を実験室的に離解、脱墨した新聞古紙パルプ(平均繊維長0.8mm)の固形分濃度約0.5重量%水溶液を準備した。鋳型製作は、実施例6と同様に行ったが、耐熱性粒子としては、けい砂(オーストラリア産フラタリーサンド)を用い、振動を与えながら鋳型枠内に充填した。パルプモールド品の厚みは概ね1.5mmとし、耐熱粒子の温度は概ね150℃とした。また、パルプモールド品を乾燥させるための鋳型内流気時間はほぼ60秒で行った。
パルプモールド品の作製にあたり、そのパルプスラリーとして、ミルクカートンを実験室的に離解し、ラミネートされているフィルム等を除去したミルクカートン古紙パルプ(平均繊維長2mm)の固形分濃度約0.5重量%水溶液を準備した。
2,22,42 パルプモールド品
4,28 鋳型枠
6,26,44 減圧機構(減圧手段)
8,24,46 耐熱粒子
10,30 封止部材
20,40 紙すき型
Claims (18)
- 金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法であって、
受け型をパルプモールド品により被覆する工程と、
減圧手段を備えた鋳型枠を前記パルプモールド品の上部に設置する工程と、
前記鋳型枠内に耐熱粒子を充填する工程と、
前記鋳型枠内を封止するために前記鋳型枠の上面に封止部材を設ける工程と、
前記鋳型枠内を前記減圧手段により減圧して、前記鋳型枠、耐熱粒子、パルプモールド品、及び、封止部材を含む鋳型を形成する工程と、
前記パルプモールド品を前記受け型から分離させる工程と、
を有することを特徴とする金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法。 - 金属鋳造用鋳型であって、
受け型を被覆するパルプモールド品と、
このパルプモールド品の上部に設置され、減圧手段を備えた鋳型枠と、
前記鋳型枠内に充填される耐熱粒子と、
前記鋳型枠の上面に設けられ前記鋳型枠内を封止するための封止部材と、を有し、
前記鋳型枠内が前記減圧手段により減圧されて、前記鋳型枠、耐熱粒子、パルプモールド品、及び、封止部材を含む鋳型が形成され、さらに、前記パルプモールド品が前記受け型から分離されることを特徴とする金属鋳造用鋳型。 - 前記パルプモールド品は、天然繊維から形成される請求項2記載の金属鋳造用鋳型。
- 前記パルプモールド品は、0.1mm~2.0mmの厚みを有する請求項2又は3記載の金属鋳造用鋳型。
- 前記パルプモールド品は、紙抄き工法により成形される請求項2又は3記載の金属鋳造用鋳型。
- 前記パルプモールド品は、プレス加圧工法により成形される請求項2又は3記載の金属鋳造用鋳型。
- 金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法であって、
表面に金網が設けられた紙すき型によりパルプモールド品を成形する工程と、
前記パルプモールド品の上部に減圧手段を備えた鋳型枠を設置する工程と、
前記鋳型枠内に耐熱粒子を充填する工程と、
前記鋳型枠内を封止するために前記鋳型枠の背面に封止部材を設ける工程と、
前記鋳型枠内を前記減圧手段により減圧して、前記鋳型枠、耐熱粒子、パルプモールド品、及び、封止部材を含む鋳型を形成する工程と、
前記パルプモールド品を前記紙すき型から分離させる工程と、
を有することを特徴とする金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法。 - 金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法であって、
表面に金網が設けられた紙すき型によりパルプモールド品を成形する工程と、
前記パルプモールド品を受け型に移し替える工程と、
前記パルプモールド品の上部に減圧手段を備えた鋳型枠を設置する工程と、
前記鋳型枠内に耐熱粒子を充填する工程と、
前記鋳型枠内を封止するために前記鋳型枠の背面に封止部材を設ける工程と、
前記鋳型枠内を前記減圧手段により減圧して、前記鋳型枠、耐熱粒子、パルプモールド品、及び、封止部材を含む鋳型を形成する工程と、
前記パルプモールド品を前記受け型から分離させる工程と、
を有することを特徴とする金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法。 - 金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法であって、
複数に分割された成形表面に金網が設けられた組み合わせ紙すき型により少なくとも1箇所が開口し中子形状を有するパルプモールド品を成形する工程と、
前記開口から前記パルプモールド品の内部に減圧手段を挿入すると共に耐熱粒子を充填する工程と、
前記パルプモールド品の内部の耐熱粒子が排出されないようにパルプモールド品の開口を封止する工程と、
前記パルプモールド品の内部を前記減圧手段により減圧して、前記耐熱粒子、及び、パルプモールド品を含む中子形状の鋳型を形成する工程と、
前記パルプモールド品を表面とする中子型を紙すき型から分離する工程と、
を有することを特徴とする金属鋳造用鋳型の造型方法。 - 更に、前記鋳型枠内に耐熱粒子を充填する工程の後に、前記紙すき型の背面から吸引する工程、又は、前記鋳型枠の背面から加圧空気を吹き込む工程、又は、前記紙すき型の背面から吸引し且つ前記鋳型枠の背面から加圧空気を吹き込む工程、を実行する請求項7記載の金属鋳造用鋳型の鋳型造型方法。
- 更に、前記鋳型枠内に耐熱粒子を充填する工程の後に、前記受け型の背面から吸引する工程、又は、前記鋳型枠の背面から加圧空気を吹き込む工程、又は、前記受け型の背面から吸引し且つ前記鋳型枠の背面から加圧空気を吹き込む工程、を実行する請求項8に記載の金属鋳造用鋳型の鋳型造型方法。
- 更に、前記パルプモールド品の内部に耐熱粒子を充填する工程の後に、前記紙すき型の背面から吸引する工程、又は、前記パルプモールド品の開口から加圧空気を吹き込む工程、又は、前記紙すき型の背面から吸引し且つ前記パルプモールド品の開口から加圧空気を吹き込む工程、を実行する請求項9に記載の金属鋳造用鋳型の鋳型造型方法。
- 更に、前記耐熱粒子を加熱する工程を有する請求項7乃至12の何れか1項に記載の金属鋳造用鋳型の鋳型造型方法。
- 前記耐熱粒子を加熱する工程における前記耐熱粒子の加熱温度は、50℃~200℃である請求項13に記載の金属鋳造用鋳型の鋳型造型方法。
- 前記パルプモールド品は、0.1~2.0mmの厚みを有する請求項7乃至12の何れか1項に記載の金属鋳造用鋳型の鋳型造型方法。
- 前記鋳型枠内に耐熱粒子を充填する工程は、前記耐熱粒子を振動充填する工程を有する請求項7、8、10又は11記載の金属鋳造用鋳型の鋳型造型方法。
- 前記パルプモールド品の内部に耐熱粒子を充填する工程は、前記耐熱粒子を振動充填する工程を有する請求項9又は12記載の金属鋳造用鋳型の鋳型造型方法。
- 請求項7~12の何れか1項に記載の鋳型造型方法で造型された金属鋳造用鋳型であって、金属に接する製品鋳型面がパルプモールド品により成形された3次元面であり、前記パルプモールド品の背後は耐熱粒子でバックアップされ、減圧状態に保持されていることを特徴とする金属鋳造用鋳型。
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| DE102014114776A1 (de) | 2014-10-13 | 2016-04-14 | Alfred Kärcher Gmbh & Co. Kg | Flächen-Reinigungsmaschine |
| CN106793910B (zh) | 2014-10-13 | 2019-09-13 | 阿尔弗雷德·卡赫欧洲两合公司 | 表面清洁机 |
| DE102014114809A1 (de) | 2014-10-13 | 2016-04-14 | Alfred Kärcher Gmbh & Co. Kg | Flächen-Reinigungsmaschine mit Befeuchtungseinrichtung |
| US9556563B1 (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2017-01-31 | Hui-Ping Yang | Paper pulp molding device |
| PL3426122T3 (pl) | 2016-03-09 | 2021-12-13 | Alfred Kärcher SE & Co. KG | Maszyna do czyszczenia powierzchni |
| CN109570442A (zh) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-05 | 济南赛维机械设备有限公司 | 减少水玻璃砂铸造造型碱金属积累而减少废砂排放的方法 |
| CN109968513B (zh) * | 2019-04-17 | 2024-08-06 | 郑州纬通电熔新材料科技有限公司 | 电熔砖铸造真空砂型及采用该真空砂型的电熔砖生产方法 |
| CN110359421B (zh) * | 2019-07-30 | 2024-05-24 | 沈阳化大高分子材料研发中心有限公司 | 一种长寿命高压堵水橡胶气囊及生产工艺 |
| CA3213941A1 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-06 | Yurij F. Wowczuk | Systems and methods for hybrid sand casting |
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| JPH10314891A (ja) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-12-02 | Kioritz Corp | ダイカスト鋳造用中子 |
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| US1891730A (en) * | 1928-05-25 | 1932-12-20 | Brown Co | Composition for and method of papermaking |
| US2757426A (en) * | 1951-10-03 | 1956-08-07 | Joseph B Brennan | Method of making mold with fibrous liner |
| US3968829A (en) * | 1971-06-25 | 1976-07-13 | Kabushiki Kaisha Akita | Molding apparatus with shielding mold member |
| SU808194A1 (ru) * | 1979-01-25 | 1981-02-28 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6762 | Литейна форма |
| JPH0686843U (ja) * | 1993-06-02 | 1994-12-20 | 清 喜多 | 紙等による鋳物用の鋳型 |
| CN1942262B (zh) * | 2004-06-10 | 2010-12-01 | 花王株式会社 | 铸件制造用结构体及其制造方法和应用 |
| CN100389912C (zh) * | 2005-08-24 | 2008-05-28 | 崔东瑞 | 钢包整体浇注及套浇内衬的施工方法 |
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- 2012-06-19 WO PCT/JP2012/065601 patent/WO2013011789A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2012-06-19 US US14/232,438 patent/US20140150984A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-06-19 JP JP2013524636A patent/JP5561659B2/ja active Active
- 2012-06-19 CN CN201280034947.3A patent/CN103648680B/zh active Active
- 2012-06-19 DE DE112012002984.4T patent/DE112012002984T5/de not_active Ceased
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| JPH1043837A (ja) * | 1996-08-02 | 1998-02-17 | Sintokogio Ltd | 塗型マスキング装置 |
| JPH10314891A (ja) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-12-02 | Kioritz Corp | ダイカスト鋳造用中子 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017063663A1 (de) | 2015-10-12 | 2017-04-20 | Alfred Kärcher Gmbh & Co. Kg | Flächen-reinigungsmaschine |
| US11910888B1 (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2024-02-27 | Elevation Lab, Inc. | Mounts for tracking devices |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5561659B2 (ja) | 2014-07-30 |
| CN103648680A (zh) | 2014-03-19 |
| CN103648680B (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
| US20140150984A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
| DE112012002984T5 (de) | 2014-06-12 |
| JPWO2013011789A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
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