WO2012043222A1 - 低溶出性エポキシ樹脂及びその部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂、その製造方法、並びにそれを含む硬化性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
低溶出性エポキシ樹脂及びその部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂、その製造方法、並びにそれを含む硬化性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- 0 CC(*C1(CCC(*C(*)(CO*O*)O*)CC1)C1(C)CCCCCC1)(CC1)CCC1(*C(*)(CO*O*)O*)C1CCCCCC1 Chemical compound CC(*C1(CCC(*C(*)(CO*O*)O*)CC1)C1(C)CCCCCC1)(CC1)CCC1(*C(*)(CO*O*)O*)C1CCCCCC1 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/24—Di-epoxy compounds carbocyclic
- C08G59/245—Di-epoxy compounds carbocyclic aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
- C08G59/04—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof
- C08G59/06—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols
- C08G59/063—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols with epihalohydrins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/32—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups
- C08G59/3218—Carbocyclic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a low-elution epoxy resin, a partially esterified epoxy resin, a production method thereof, and a curable resin composition containing the same.
- the dropping method is a method in which a panel can be formed by directly dropping and bonding liquid crystal in a closed loop of a sealing agent under vacuum and releasing the vacuum.
- This dripping method has many merits such as a reduction in the amount of liquid crystal used and a time required for injecting the liquid crystal into the panel, and has become the mainstream method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel using a large substrate.
- a seal / liquid crystal is applied and bonded together, then a gap is formed, alignment is performed, and the seal is cured mainly by ultraviolet curing.
- the drawing position of the sealant is completely exposed to light, and it is difficult to produce an uncured portion of the seal and there is no problem of contamination of the liquid crystal.
- the seal position tends to be closer to the display pixel.
- contamination from the sealing agent tends to affect the electrical characteristics of the display pixel portion and easily cause display defects.
- the distance from the display unit to the sealing agent is narrow, and the occurrence of display defects due to contamination is more remarkable.
- Patent Document 1 a crystalline epoxy resin to reduce elution of the resin into the liquid crystal during the thermosetting process during the production of the liquid crystal panel.
- an epoxy resin there has been proposed a sealing agent which is a bisphenol S-type, ether-type, thioether-type, and fluorene-type epoxy resin and has a compound having an alkylene oxide unit and which suppresses contamination of liquid crystals (Patent Document 2). ).
- Patent Document 2 the use of a partially esterified epoxy resin as a raw material for the sealant has been studied.
- Patent Document 3 It has been proposed to reduce the elution during thermosetting by partially acrylating a trifunctional or tetrafunctional epoxy resin to reduce the proportion of the non-acrylated compound.
- Patent Document 4 By partially modifying a trifunctional or tetrafunctional phenol novolac type epoxy resin with a (meth) acrylic acid derivative having a carboxyl group, the liquid stability is improved in a blend with an epoxy resin and an acrylic resin, and alignment of liquid crystals It has been proposed to improve the characteristics (Patent Document 4).
- JP 2006-23583 A Japanese Patent No. 4211942 JP 2008-3260 A JP 2008-179796 A
- the epoxy resin described in Patent Document 1 is crystalline, in order to be used as a liquid sealant, it may need to be mixed with the liquid resin or may precipitate due to compatibility. is there.
- the trifunctional and tetrafunctional epoxy resins described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 are often highly viscous or solid, and their use as a sealing agent is limited. Further, in the case of the sealing agent, when the UV irradiation amount is low, the contamination property is insufficient at present. It is an object of the present invention to obtain an epoxy resin and a partially esterified epoxy resin that can be used as an oligomer component of a high-quality sealant that can suppress the contamination of the liquid crystal while suppressing the solubility in the liquid crystal. And
- the present inventors have made extensive investigations focusing on the contamination of the epoxy resin, which is the main component of the sealing material, to the liquid crystal.
- the present inventors have found that the solubility and elution property of the oligomer itself in the liquid crystal can be reduced by modifying the structure of the epoxy resin with a certain structure.
- the present invention relates to the general formula (1): General formula (2): Or, general formula (3): [Where, X is —O—, alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or alkylidene having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, Y is alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms-arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms-alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms-arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a group : —R 7 — (O—R 7 ) n — (wherein R 7 is alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is 0 or an integer of 1 to 6), R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are independently of each other hydrogen, glycidyl, or methyl glycidyl; Each R 21 independently of one another is hydrogen or methyl; At least two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R
- the present invention relates to a general formula (4): General formula (5): Or, general formula (6): [Where, X, Y and R 21 are as defined above; R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are hydrogen, glycidyl, methyl glycidyl or a group: —Z—R 8 (Where Z is 2-hydroxypropylene or 2-methyl-2-hydroxypropylene; R 8 is acryloyl or methacryloyl) And At least two of R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are glycidyl, methyl glycidyl, or a group: —ZR 8 ; The ratio of glycidyl and methyl glycidyl to acryloyl and methacryloyl is 10:90 to 90:10] It is related with the partially esterified epoxy resin shown by these.
- the present invention is a method for producing an epoxy resin, comprising steps (1A) to (1B):
- (1A) A polyfunctional epoxy compound having two or more epoxy groups in the molecule is reacted with a polyhydroxy compound having two or more hydroxy groups in the molecule in the presence of a metal catalyst, thereby allowing epoxy opening of the polyfunctional epoxy compound.
- (1B) The process of epoxidizing the hydroxyl group of the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound obtained in the step (1A).
- the present invention is a method for producing an epoxy resin as described above for producing an epoxy resin represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) described above, comprising the following steps (2A) to ( 2B): (2A) General formula (7a): General formula (8a): Or, general formula (9a): [Where, X and R 21 are as defined above.] An epoxy compound represented by the following general formula (10) in the presence of a metal catalyst: HO-Y-OH (10) Wherein Y is as defined above.
- This invention is a manufacturing method of a partially esterified epoxy resin, Comprising: Process (1C): (1C)
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a partially esterified epoxy resin comprising a step of reacting an epoxy resin obtained by the production method described above with (meth) acrylic acid in the presence of a basic catalyst.
- the present invention provides a process for producing a partially esterified epoxy resin as described above for producing a partially esterified epoxy resin represented by the general formulas (4) to (6) described above, comprising the steps of: (2C): (2C) General formula (1) obtained by the production method described above: General formula (2): Or, general formula (3): [Where, X, Y, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 21 are as defined above, At least two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are glycidyl or methyl glycidyl.
- the present invention includes (a) an epoxy resin represented by the general formula (1), the general formula (2) and the general formula (3) described above, (b) the general formula (4) and the general formula ( 5) and a partially esterified epoxy resin represented by the general formula (6), (c) an epoxy resin obtained by the production method described above, and (d) a partially esterified epoxy resin obtained by the production method described above.
- the present invention relates to a curable composition containing one or more resins selected from the group consisting of:
- an epoxy resin and a partially esterified epoxy resin that can be used as an oligomer component of a high-quality sealant that can suppress the solubility of the liquid crystal and prevent the contamination of the liquid crystal.
- the epoxy resin of this invention is a compound shown by General formula (1), General formula (2), and General formula (3).
- Examples of the alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include methylene, ethylene, trimethylene and tetramethylene, and methylene and ethylene are preferable.
- Examples of the alkylidene having 2 to 4 carbon atoms include ethylidene, propylidene, isopropylidene, methylpropylidene, and butylidene, and ethylidene and isopropylidene are preferable.
- the arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms is a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic group, and examples thereof include phenylene, naphthylene, and anthracenylene, and preferably phenylene.
- alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms-arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms are as defined above.
- Preferred examples of the alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms include a methylene-phenylene group.
- the order of bonding to each group in the alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms may be any.
- an oxygen atom bonded to R 1 to R 6 may be bonded to an alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and an alkylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in an alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms may be bonded.
- alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms-arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms-alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms are given above.
- Preferred examples of the alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms-arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include phenylenebis (methylene).
- R 1 to R 6 are glycidyl or methyl glycidyl.
- the epoxy group includes both a glycidyl group and a methylglycidyl group.
- the glycidyl group is a 2,3-epoxypropyl group
- the methyl glycidyl group is a 2,3-epoxy-2-methylpropyl group.
- among the R 1 ⁇ R 6, preferably 3 or more is glycidyl or methylglycidyl, among the R 1 ⁇ R 6, and more preferably both are glycidyl or methylglycidyl.
- glycidyl and methyl glycidyl are present in R 4 , R 5 and R 6 , that is, oxygen atoms bonded to primary carbon atoms, and R 1 to R 6 , that is, primary More preferably, glycidyl and methyl glycidyl are present in the oxygen atom bonded to the secondary carbon atom and the oxygen atom bonded to the secondary carbon atom.
- the number of glycidyl and methyl glycidyl in the epoxy resins represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) can be calculated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Specifically, a peak corresponding to the number of glycidyl and methyl glycidyl is obtained by HPLC, and the abundance ratio of the number of glycidyl and methyl glycidyl can be calculated from the respective peak areas. Thereby, the number of glycidyl and methyl glycidyl contained in the compound can be calculated.
- the epoxy resins represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) are a mixture
- the number of glycidyl and methyl glycidyl is calculated as an average value of the mixture.
- the number of epoxy groups can be determined by performing mass spectrometry (LC-MS) at each peak of HPLC, and the average number of epoxy groups in the mixture can be calculated from the abundance ratio of each component in the mixture.
- the mixture of the epoxy resins represented by the general formula (1) and the general formula (2) includes compounds having 3 and 4 epoxy groups and multimers thereof, and is represented by the general formula (3).
- the epoxy resin may contain 3, 4, 5 and 6 epoxy groups and multimers thereof.
- the bonding position of X in the compound represented by the general formula (1) is preferably 4,4′-position, that is, has a bisphenol type epoxy resin skeleton.
- the bonding position of the naphthalene ring in the compound represented by the general formula (2) is preferably a 1,6-bond.
- the number average molecular weight of the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) is preferably 200 to 5,000. If it is such a range, adhesiveness will be favorable and the contamination
- the number average molecular weight is a number average molecular weight calculated in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the epoxy equivalent of the epoxy compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) is 100 to 3,000 g / eq. It is preferably 200 to 1,000 g / eq. It is more preferable that If it is such a range, adhesiveness will be favorable and the contamination
- an epoxy equivalent is calculated
- an epoxy equivalent is calculated
- the partially esterified epoxy resin is represented by general formula (4), general formula (5), and general formula (6).
- the partially esterified epoxy resin represented by the general formula (4) to the general formula (6) at least two of R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are glycidyl, methyl glycidyl, or It is a group represented by —ZR 8 containing a (meth) acryloyl group. That is, the partially esterified epoxy resins represented by the general formulas (4) to (6) of the present invention are glycidyl and a part of methyl glycidyl of the epoxy resins represented by the general formulas (1) to (3). Is a (meth) acryloylated epoxy resin.
- R 11 to R 16 3 or more are preferably groups represented by —Z—R 8 containing glycidyl, methyl glycidyl, or (meth) acryloyl groups, and among R 11 to R 16 More preferably, all are groups represented by —Z—R 8 containing a glycidyl, methylglycidyl, or (meth) acryloyl group.
- glycidyl, methylglycidyl and (meth) acryloyl groups are present in R 14 , R 15 and R 16 , that is, the oxygen atom bonded to the primary carbon atom, and R 11 to More preferably, glycidyl, methylglycidyl and (meth) acryloyl groups are present in R 16 , that is, the oxygen atom bonded to the primary carbon atom and the oxygen atom bonded to the secondary carbon atom.
- the number of glycidyl and methyl glycidyl and the number of (meth) acryloyl groups in the partially esterified epoxy resins represented by the general formulas (4) to (6) can be calculated by HPLC. Specifically, the peak corresponding to the number of each epoxy group and the number of each (meth) acryloyl is obtained by HPLC, and the existence ratio of each number can be calculated from each peak area. Thus, the number of groups represented by —ZR 8 including glycidyl, methylglycidyl, and (meth) acryloyl groups in the partially esterified epoxy resins represented by the general formulas (4) to (6) is obtained. .
- the number of glycidyl and methyl glycidyl and the number of (meth) acryloyl groups are calculated as the average value of the mixture.
- the mixture of the partially esterified epoxy resins represented by the general formula (4) and the general formula (5) includes a mixture of the epoxy resins represented by the general formula (1) and the general formula (2) and those epoxy groups.
- Resins partially including (meth) acryloyl groups are included, and the partially esterified epoxy resin represented by the general formula (6) is a mixture of epoxy resins represented by the general formula (3) and one of those epoxy groups.
- a resin in which a part is a (meth) acryloyl group is included.
- the ratio of the glycidyl group and the methyl glycidyl group to the acryloyl group and the methacryloyl group that is, the ratio of the epoxy group to the (meth) acryloyl group is 10:90 to 90:10.
- the ratio of an epoxy group and a (meth) acryl group can be calculated
- the degree of esterification can be calculated by measuring the epoxy equivalent of the partially esterified epoxy resin. Further, by performing mass spectrometry (LC-MS) at each peak of HPLC, the molecular weight and the abundance ratio of each component can be determined, and the ratio of the epoxy group and acrylic group for each component can be determined.
- the number average molecular weight of the partially esterified epoxy resin represented by the general formulas (4) to (6) is preferably 500 to 10,000, and more preferably 800 to 5,000. preferable.
- the viscosity of the partially esterified epoxy resin represented by the general formulas (4) to (6) at 20 ° C. is preferably 1,000 to 1,000,000 mP ⁇ s, and 40,000 to 600 More preferably, it is 1,000 mP ⁇ s. If it is such a range, when apply
- the viscosity is a value measured using an E-type viscometer at a cone rotor rotational speed of 2.5 rpm.
- Manufacturing method of epoxy resin The manufacturing method of the epoxy resin of this invention is demonstrated.
- epoxidation includes both glycidylation and methylglycidylation.
- the method for producing an epoxy resin of the present invention includes the following steps (1A) to (1B): (1A) A polyfunctional epoxy compound having two or more epoxy groups in the molecule is reacted with a polyhydroxy compound having two or more hydroxy groups in the molecule in the presence of a metal catalyst, thereby allowing epoxy opening of the polyfunctional epoxy compound. Obtaining a ring; (1B) epoxidizing the hydroxy group of the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound obtained in step (1A).
- Step (1A) in the step (1A), in the polyfunctional epoxy compound having two or more epoxy groups in the molecule as the raw material compound, a hydroxy group is formed by ring opening of the epoxy group, and a hydroxy group derived from the polyhydroxy compound includes It is formed.
- the ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound refers to a compound in which all the epoxy groups of the polyfunctional epoxy compound are opened.
- the polyfunctional epoxy compound is not particularly limited as long as it is an epoxy compound having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule.
- Examples of the polyfunctional epoxy compound include the following compounds.
- polyfunctional epoxy compounds polyalkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and tripropylene glycol, polyhydric alcohols such as dimethylolpropane, trimethylolpropane, spiroglycol and glycerin And an aliphatic polyvalent glycidyl ether compound obtained by reacting chlorohydrin with epichlorohydrin.
- aromatic diols such as bisphenol A, bisphenol S, bisphenol F, bisphenol AD and the like, and aromatic diols obtained by reacting diols modified with ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, alkylene glycol and epichlorohydrin are used.
- Valent glycidyl ether compounds are used as the polyfunctional epoxy compound.
- aromatic polycarboxylic glycidyl ester compounds obtained by reacting aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid and itaconic acid with epichlorohydrin, aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and pyromellitic acid And an aromatic polyvalent glycidyl ester compound obtained by reacting chlorohydrin with epichlorohydrin.
- polyfunctional epoxy compounds include aromatic polyvalent glycidylamine compounds obtained by reacting aromatic amines such as diaminodiphenylmethane, aniline, and metaxylylenediamine with epichlorohydrin.
- polyfunctional epoxy compound examples include a hindertoin-type polyvalent glycidyl compound obtained by reacting hydantoin and its derivatives with epichlorohydrin.
- polyfunctional epoxy compounds include phenol resins derived from phenol or cresol and formaldehyde, phenols obtained by reacting novolac resins and epichlorohydrin, and novolac polyvalent glycidyl ether compounds.
- Epoxy compounds represented by general formulas (7a) to (9a), which are preferable polyfunctional epoxy compounds of the present invention, are commercially available products such as Epicron 850 (Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd.), Epicoat 828EL, Epicoat 1004.
- Bisphenol A type epoxy resins such as (Epicoat Resin Co., Ltd.), etc., Bisphenol F type epoxy resins such as Epicoat 806 and Epicoat 4004 (both manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.), Epicron HP4032, and Epicron EXA-4700 Naphthalene type epoxy resins such as Nippon Ink Co., Ltd., and trifunctional epoxy resins such as VG-3101 (Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd.).
- the polyhydroxy compound having two or more hydroxy groups in the molecule is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having two or more hydroxy groups in the molecule.
- Specific examples of the polyhydroxy compound include the following compounds.
- Examples of compounds having two hydroxy groups in the molecule include monoglycols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, and 1,6-hexanediol.
- Alkylene glycol and polyalkylene glycol divalent aromatic hydroxy compounds such as catechol, 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone, and 2,3-dihydroxyquinoxaline; benzene-1 , 4-dimethanol, benzene-1,3-dimethanol, benzene-1,4-diethanol and other aromatic alcohols; 4-hydroxymethylphenol, 3-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-hydride Carboxyethyl phenol, and 3-hydroxyethyl-hydroxy alkyl phenols such as phenol and the like.
- divalent aromatic hydroxy compounds such as catechol, 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone, and 2,3-dihydroxyquinoxaline
- Examples of compounds having three hydroxy groups in the molecule include glycerin, trimethylolpropane, 2-methyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,4-dihydroxy-3-hydroxymethylpentane, 1,2 , 6-hexanetriol, and trihydric alcohols such as 1,1,1-tris (hydroxymethyl) propane; pyrogallol, 3,4,5-trihydroxytoluene, 1,2,4-trihydroxyanthraquinone, gallic acid, And trivalent aromatic polyhydroxy compounds such as gallic acid ester compounds such as methyl gallate, propyl gallate and octyl gallate.
- Examples of the compound having 4 or more hydroxy groups in the molecule include pentaerythritol, diglycerin, tetramethylolmethane, and alkylene glycoside (methyl glycoside, ethyl glycoside, etc.). Further, tetravalent or higher-valent aromatic polyhydroxy compounds such as 2,3,4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, ellagic acid, hexahydroxybenzene, tannic acid, and catechol or pyrogallol calixarene compounds may be mentioned.
- the polyhydroxy compound preferably has 2 to 6 hydroxy groups in the molecule, more preferably 2 to 4 hydroxy groups in the molecule, and the following general formula (10): HO-Y-OH (10) [Wherein Y is as defined in the general formula (1)]
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the formula is particularly preferred.
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the general formula (10) is preferably monoalkylene glycol and polyalkylene glycol such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butane-1,4-diol diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol; benzene-1,4-di Aromatic alcohols such as methanol, benzene-1,3-dimethanol and benzene-1,4-diethanol; hydroxyalkylenephenols such as (2-hydroxyphenyl) methanol and (2-hydroxyphenyl) -2-ethanol .
- Any metal catalyst can be used as long as it is a catalyst used for the ring-opening reaction of an epoxy group.
- a metal such as copper, zinc, iron, magnesium, silver, calcium, tin, BF 4 ⁇ , SiF, etc.
- metal catalysts composed of anions such as 6 2- or PF 6 - and CF 3 SO 2- .
- Preferred is tin borofluoride (Sn (BF 4 ) 2 ).
- the polyhydroxy compound is used in an amount of 1 to 10 equivalents, preferably 4 to 8 equivalents, based on 1 equivalent of the epoxy group in the polyfunctional epoxy compound.
- HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
- all the epoxy groups react with the polyhydroxy compound due to disappearance of the peak of the polyfunctional epoxy compound as a raw material and also the one-end reactant, so that Generation can be confirmed.
- the one-terminal reactant refers to a reactant in which all of the epoxy groups of the polyfunctional epoxy compound are unopened.
- one epoxy group I is a compound in which only one or two epoxy groups are opened in the compound represented by the general formula (9a).
- the metal catalyst is 10 to 1,000 ppm, preferably 20 to 200 ppm, based on the weight of the total reaction mixture.
- the reaction temperature in the step (1A) is not particularly limited, but is 50 ° C to 130 ° C, preferably 70 ° C to 120 ° C.
- the reaction in step (1A) can be performed in the presence or absence of an organic solvent.
- Organic solvents that can be used include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene: cycloaliphatic ketones such as cyclohexanone; and starting dihydroxy compounds.
- Step (1B) By the step (1B), the hydroxy group of the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound obtained in the step (1A) is epoxidized. In the step (1B), part or all of the hydroxy groups in the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound are epoxidized. In the present invention, 50% to 100% of the hydroxy group of the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound is preferably epoxidized, and more preferably 75% to 100% is epoxidized.
- the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound is a raw material compound in the step (1B), and examples thereof include a compound in which all the epoxy groups of the polyfunctional epoxy compound are opened.
- the following general formula (7b) which is an epoxy ring-opened product of an epoxy compound represented by the general formula (7a) to the general formula (9a):
- epoxidation can be performed by using a known reaction for epoxidizing a hydroxy group, for example, epichlorohydrin method and oxidation method, preferably epichlorohydrin method.
- an epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound obtained in step (1A) is reacted with epichlorohydrin or methyl epichlorohydrin in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst.
- This is a method of epoxidizing a hydroxy group of an epoxy ring-opened product of an epoxy compound.
- epichlorohydrin or methyl epichlorohydrin can be reacted in the number of moles corresponding to the desired number of epoxy groups.
- the amount of epichlorohydrin or methyl epichlorohydrin is 0.5 to 5 mol, preferably 0.5 to 2.5 mol, based on 1 mol of the hydroxy group of the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound. .
- the amount of epichlorohydrin or methyl epichlorohydrin is 2 to 20 with respect to 1 mol of the compounds represented by the general formula (7b) and the general formula (8b) having four hydroxy groups in the molecule. Mol, preferably 2 to 10 mol.
- the amount of epichlorohydrin or methyl epichlorohydrin is 3 to 30 mol, preferably 3 to 15 mol, per 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (9b) having 6 hydroxy groups in the molecule. It is.
- Phase transfer catalysts include quaternary ammonium salts such as methyltrioctylammonium chloride, tetraalkylammonium chloride such as methyltridecylammonium chloride and tetramethylammonium chloride, and aralkyltrialkylammonium chloride such as benzyltrimethylammonium chloride. And benzyltrimethylammonium chloride is preferred.
- the amount of phase transfer catalyst used is 0.1 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the reactants.
- the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a solvent such as hydrocarbons such as hexane and pentane; ethers such as diethyl ether, t-butyl methyl ether and diisopropyl ether; or ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, but the solvent is excess It is also possible to use epichlorohydrin and methyl epichlorohydrin.
- the reaction temperature may be 30 to 90 ° C, preferably 40 to 65 ° C, and most preferably a temperature in the range of about 50 to about 55 ° C.
- the oxidation method includes a step of allylating the hydroxy group of the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound obtained in the step (1A) to obtain a diallyl ether compound, an allyl group of the diallyl ether compound or 2-methyl-2-propenyl Oxidizing the group.
- allylation of a hydroxy group includes making the hydroxy group an allyl group or a 2-methyl-2-propenyl group.
- the step of obtaining a diallyl ether compound comprises the step of reacting an epoxy ring-opened product of a polyfunctional epoxy compound with an allyl halide or 2-methyl-2-propenyl halide, thereby causing an epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound.
- the hydroxy group is converted to an allyl group or a 2-methyl-2-propenyl group.
- quaternary ammonium salt is added, and an aqueous alkaline solution is dropped while maintaining the reaction temperature at 40 ° C. or lower, and the dropping is completed. Thereafter, the reaction is carried out at 30 to 40 ° C. for about 6 hours.
- Halides in allyl halide and 2-methyl-2-propenyl halide include chlorine and bromine.
- the addition amount of allyl halide and 2-methyl-2-propenyl halide is preferably 3 to 30 mol with respect to 1 mol of the hydroxy group of the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound.
- the quaternary ammonium salt examples include tetraalkylammonium halides such as tetrabutylammonium bromide and tetraarylammonium halides such as tetraphenylammonium chloride.
- the addition amount of the quaternary ammonium salt is preferably 0.001 mol to 0.1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound.
- alkaline aqueous solution examples include calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide.
- the amount of the alkali metal used is preferably 2 to 8 equivalents relative to 1 equivalent of the hydroxy group of the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound.
- the step of oxidizing the allyl group or 2-methyl-2-propenyl group of the diallyl ether compound is a step of reacting the diallyl ether compound with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of potassium carbonate.
- a diallyl ether compound obtained by allylating the hydroxy group of an epoxy ring-opened product of a polyfunctional epoxy compound is added with a solvent such as an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol, or a nitrile such as acetonitrile or benzonitrile, and potassium carbonate.
- a solvent such as an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol, or a nitrile such as acetonitrile or benzonitrile
- potassium carbonate Under stirring, 5 to 40%, preferably 30 to 35% hydrogen peroxide solution is added dropwise, and after completion of the addition, an oxidation reaction is carried out for 0.5 to 10 hours, preferably 1 to 6 hours.
- the addition amount of the hydrogen peroxide solution is preferably 5 to 15 mol per 1 mol of the diallyl ether compound in which the hydroxy group of the epoxy ring-opened product of the polyfunctional epoxy compound is allylated.
- the reaction temperature is, for example, 45 ° C. or less, preferably 20 to 40 ° C.
- the method for producing an epoxy resin of the present invention is preferably a method for producing an epoxy resin represented by the general formula (1) to the general formula (3) of the present invention, comprising the following steps (2A) to (2B): (2A)
- HO-Y-OH (10) [Wherein Y is as defined in the general formula (1)]
- the method for producing a partially esterified epoxy resin of the present invention includes step (1C): (1C) a step of reacting an epoxy resin obtained by the production method including the steps (1A) to (1B) with (meth) acrylic acid in the presence of a basic catalyst.
- Step (1C) the glycidyl group and methyl glycidyl group of the epoxy resin obtained by the production method including the steps (1A) to (1B) are (meth) acryloylated.
- the epoxy resin obtained by the production method including the steps (1A) to (1B) is preferably an epoxy resin represented by the general formula (1) to the general formula (3).
- (Meth) acrylic acid is not particularly limited, and for example, commercially available acrylic acid or methacrylic acid can be used.
- the epoxy obtained by the production method including steps (1A) to (1B) with (meth) acrylic acid in the step of reacting the epoxy resin obtained by the production method including steps (1A) to (1B) with (meth) acrylic acid, the epoxy obtained by the production method including steps (1A) to (1B)
- the (meth) acrylic acid to be reacted with respect to 1 equivalent of the epoxy group of the resin is preferably 10 to 90 equivalent%, more preferably 20 to 80 equivalent%, still more preferably 30 to 70 equivalent%, Particularly preferred is 40-60 equivalent%.
- the reaction of glycidyl group and methyl glycidyl group with (meth) acrylic acid proceeds quantitatively, so the esterification rate of the obtained partially esterified epoxy resin is estimated from epoxy equivalent You can also
- the basic catalyst a known basic catalyst used by a reaction between an epoxy resin and (meth) acrylic acid can be used.
- a polymer-supported basic catalyst in which a basic catalyst is supported on a polymer can also be used.
- the basic catalyst is preferably a trivalent organic phosphorus compound and / or an amine compound.
- the basic atom of the basic catalyst is phosphorus and / or nitrogen.
- trivalent organic phosphorus compound examples include alkylphosphines such as triethylphosphine, tri-n-propylphosphine, tri-n-butylphosphine and salts thereof, triphenylphosphine, tri-m-tolylphosphine, tris- (2 Arylphosphines such as, 6-dimethoxyphenyl) phosphine and salts thereof, phosphorous acid triesters such as triphenyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite and tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite and salts thereof.
- alkylphosphines such as triethylphosphine, tri-n-propylphosphine, tri-n-butylphosphine and salts thereof
- triphenylphosphine tri-m-tolylphosphine
- tris- (2 Arylphosphines such as, 6-dime
- amine compounds include secondary amines such as diethanolamine, tertiary amines such as triethanolamine, dimethylbenzylamine, trisdimethylaminomethylphenol, trisdiethylaminomethylphenol, 1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.
- dec-5-ene TBD
- 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene Me-TBD
- 1,8-diazabicyclo DBU
- 6-dibutylamino-1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0]
- Examples include strongly basic amines such as non-5-ene (DBN) and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine and salts thereof. Of these, 1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene (TBD) is preferable.
- the salt of the amine compound include benzyltrimethylammonium chloride and benzyltriethylammonium chloride.
- the polymer for supporting the basic catalyst is not particularly limited, and a polymer obtained by crosslinking polystyrene with divinylbenzene, a polymer obtained by crosslinking acrylic resin with divinylbenzene, or the like is used.
- These polymers are solvents (for example, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, etc.) used for the reaction between the epoxy resin obtained by the production method including steps (1A) to (1B) and (meth) acrylic acid, raw materials, Insoluble in objects.
- a polymer-supported basic catalyst is obtained by chemically bonding a basic catalyst to an insoluble polymer or introducing a basic catalyst into a monomer, polymerizing the monomer, and then three-dimensionally crosslinking with a crosslinking monomer such as divinylbenzene.
- a crosslinking monomer such as divinylbenzene.
- polymer-supported basic catalyst examples include diphenylphosphinopolystyrene, 1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-enepolystyrene, N, N- (diisopropyl) aminomethylpolystyrene. N- (methylpolystyrene) -4- (methylamino) pyridine and the like. These polymer-supported basic catalysts may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polymer-supported basic catalyst a commercially available one may be used.
- examples of commercially available polymer-supported basic catalysts include PS-PPh 3 (diphenylphosphinopolystyrene, manufactured by Biotage), PS-TBD (1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] deca-5 -Enpolystyrene, manufactured by Biotage Corporation).
- the polymer-supported basic catalyst is used in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0 milliequivalents of the polymer-supported basic catalyst with respect to 1 equivalent of epoxy of the epoxy resin obtained by the production method including steps (1A) to (1B). And is more preferably 1.0 to 3.0 milliequivalents. It is preferable from the viewpoint of reaction rate, reaction time, and catalyst cost that the ratio of the polymer-supported basic catalyst is within the above range.
- the temperature in the reaction step of the epoxy resin obtained by the production method comprising steps (1A) to (1B) and (meth) acrylic acid is preferably 60 to 120 ° C., more preferably 80 to 120. ° C, more preferably 90-110 ° C.
- the reaction between the epoxy resin obtained by the production method including steps (1A) to (1B) and (meth) acrylic acid is because the partially esterified epoxy resin obtained by this reaction is cured by active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays. It is desirable to perform the reaction in a container that shields from ultraviolet rays.
- the reaction between the epoxy resin obtained by the production method including steps (1A) to (1B) and (meth) acrylic acid is a reflux that exhibits good solvent properties with respect to the epoxy resin in order to prevent gas phase polymerization. Although it may be carried out in the presence of a solvent, in this case, since it is necessary to remove the solvent after completion of the reaction, it is preferably carried out without a solvent. Examples of the reflux solvent include acetone and methyl ethyl ketone.
- the partially esterified epoxy resin comprises a polymer-supported basic catalyst. It is obtained by removing.
- a method for removing the polymer-supported basic catalyst it is preferable to use filtration or centrifugation.
- Examples of the method of filtering the polymer-supported basic catalyst include a method of filtering the polymer-supported basic catalyst using a nylon mesh NY-10HC (manufactured by Sefar, Switzerland) having a mesh size of 10 ⁇ m.
- Examples of the method of centrifuging the polymer-supported basic catalyst include a method of removing the polymer-supported basic catalyst by solid-liquid separation using a centrifuge.
- the method for producing a partially esterified epoxy resin of the present invention is preferably a partial ester as described above for producing the partially esterified epoxy resin represented by the general formulas (4) to (6).
- a process for producing a epoxidized epoxy resin, the step (2C): (2C) The epoxy resin represented by the general formula (1), the general formula (2) or the general formula (3) obtained by the production method including the steps (2A) to (2B) is used as a basic catalyst.
- a method for producing a partially esterified epoxy resin comprising a step of reacting with (meth) acrylic acid in the presence to obtain partially esterified epoxy resins represented by general formulas (4) to (6).
- Curable composition (a) Epoxy resin represented by general formula (1), general formula (2) and general formula (3), (b) general formula (4), general formula (5) and general formula of the present invention Partially esterified epoxy resin represented by (6), (c) epoxy resin obtained by a production method comprising steps (1A) to (1B), and (d) partial ester obtained by a production method comprising step (1C)
- the curable composition containing 1 or more types of resin selected from the group which consists of a chlorinated epoxy resin is demonstrated.
- resin used as the base oligomer component contained in curable resin is 1 or more types of resin selected from the group which consists of the epoxy resin of this invention, and the partially esterified epoxy resin of this invention.
- an epoxy resin represented by general formula (1), general formula (2) or general formula (3), or partially esterified epoxy represented by general formula (4), general formula (5) or general formula (6) The resin may be used alone, or an epoxy resin represented by the general formula (1), the general formula (2), or the general formula (3), or the general formula (4), the general formula (5), or the general formula (6). Two or more of the partially esterified epoxy resins represented by) may be mixed and used.
- components contained in the curable composition of the present invention include a curing agent, a polymerization initiator, a filler, and a coupling agent in addition to the epoxy resin and the partially esterified epoxy resin of the present invention.
- the curing agent is not particularly limited, and a known compound can be used as the curing agent.
- the curing agent include amine-based curing agents such as organic acid dihydrazide compounds, imidazole and its derivatives, dicyandiamide, aromatic amines, epoxy-modified polyamines, and polyaminoureas.
- VDH (1,3- Bis (hydrazinocarboethyl) -5-isopropylhydantoin), ADH (adipic acid dihydrazide), UDH (7,11-octadecadiene-1,18-dicarbohydrazide) and LDH (octadecane-1,18-dicarboxylic acid) Dihydrazide)
- curing agents may be used alone or in combination.
- the blending amount of the initiator is preferably 1 to 25 parts by weight, and more preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin and the partially esterified epoxy resin.
- the polymerization initiator means a compound that is activated by absorbing light energy and generates radicals.
- a polymerization initiator is not specifically limited, A well-known compound can be used as a polymerization initiator.
- As polymerization initiators benzoins, acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones, ⁇ -acyloxime esters, phenylglyoxylates, benzyls, azo compounds, diphenyl sulfide compounds, acylphosphine oxide compounds, benzoins And polymerization initiators of benzoin ethers and anthraquinones, preferably having a reactive group that has low solubility in liquid crystals and that itself does not gasify the decomposition product upon light irradiation.
- EY Resin KR-2 manufactured by KS M. Co., Ltd.
- the blending amount of the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight and more preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin and the partially esterified epoxy resin.
- the filler is added for the purpose of improving the adhesive reliability of the curable composition by controlling the viscosity of the curable composition, improving the strength of the cured product obtained by curing the curable composition, or suppressing the linear expansion.
- known inorganic fillers and organic fillers used for compositions containing epoxy resins can be used.
- inorganic fillers calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum silicate, titanium oxide, alumina, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, kaolin, talc, glass beads, sericite activated clay, bentonite, aluminum nitride, and silicon nitride Is mentioned.
- organic filler examples include polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer constituting these and another monomer, polyester fine particles, polyurethane fine particles, and rubber fine particles.
- inorganic fillers such as silicon dioxide and talc are particularly preferable.
- the blending amount of the filler is preferably 2 to 40 parts by weight, and more preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin and the partially esterified epoxy resin.
- the coupling agent is added for the purpose of further improving the adhesion to the liquid crystal display substrate.
- the coupling agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
- These silane coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending amount of the silane coupling agent is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin and the partially esterified epoxy resin. .
- the curable composition of the present invention is cured by applying heat by irradiation with energy rays such as ultraviolet rays or by applying heat after irradiation with energy rays such as ultraviolet rays.
- energy rays such as ultraviolet rays
- the method of curing the curable composition containing the epoxy resin and partially esterified epoxy resin of the present invention irradiates the curable composition containing the epoxy resin and partially esterified epoxy resin of the present invention with energy rays such as ultraviolet rays.
- the epoxy resin and partially esterified epoxy resin of the present invention have extremely low elution properties for liquid crystals.
- the liquid crystal display element using the curable composition containing the epoxy resin and the partially esterified epoxy resin of the present invention has good liquid crystal orientation even when the UV irradiation amount is low, and display failure occurs. Therefore, it is useful as a sealing agent for liquid crystals.
- the mixture was then heated to about 50-55 ° C. with stirring under a high vacuum of 70 torr to vigorously reflux epichlorohydrin. 185 g of 48% solution NaOH (Kanto Chemical Co.) was slowly added to the mixture over 2 hours. As soon as the azeotrope was formed, stirring was continued while returning epichlorohydrin to the reaction system in the water / epichlorohydrin mixture. Stirring was continued for 4 hours after the addition. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room temperature, 1 L dichloromethane was added and washed 6 times with 1 L water.
- the solvent of the obtained organic phase was removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 233 g of a glycidyl ether (compound 2b) as a yellow transparent viscous product. From HPLC, the number of epoxy groups in the molecule was 3.6.
- the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, 1 L of dichloromethane was added, and the mixture was washed 6 times with 1 L of water.
- the solvent of the obtained organic phase was removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 190 g of a yellow viscous ring-opened product.
- Comparative Synthesis Example 1 (5-1) Synthesis of Comparative Compound 5c (Partially Methacrylated Epoxy Resin of Bisphenol A Type Epoxy Resin Used in Synthesis Example 1) 320.2 g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (EXA850CRP, manufactured by DIC Corporation) was added to methacrylic acid ( 90.4 g (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 1.5 g PS-PPh 3 (manufactured by Biotage) and 100 mg BHT were mixed and stirred at 100 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration to obtain a partially methacrylated epoxy resin (Comparative Compound 5c).
- EXA850CRP manufactured by DIC Corporation
- Type A epoxy resin (Comparative Compound 1a), naphthalene type epoxy resin (Comparative Compound 3a), which is the raw material compound used in Synthesis Example 3, and trifunctional type epoxy resin (Techmore VG3101L (purine), which is the raw material compound used in Synthesis Example 4 Tech.), Comparative Compound 4a), and each oligomer of the partially methacrylated epoxy resin (Comparative Compound 5c) of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin produced in Comparative Synthesis Example 1 were subjected to an elution test as follows.
- the elution property to the liquid crystal was evaluated by changing the Ni point (Nematic-Isotropic point) which is the phase transition temperature of the liquid crystal and directly quantifying the elution amount to the liquid crystal by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography).
- the Ni point of the liquid crystal is determined by the mixed composition of each component of the liquid crystal and is a unique value for each formulation. Generally, it is known that the Ni point is lowered when some impurities (other components) are mixed in the liquid crystal, and the impurity mixing state can be evaluated from the Ni point.
- a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC, manufactured by PerkinElmer, Inc., Pyris 6) was used to measure the Ni point.
- a 10 mg liquid crystal sample for evaluation was sealed in an aluminum sample pan, and the measurement was performed under the condition of a heating rate of 5 ° C./min.
- the resin composition thus obtained was rubbed with a seal dispenser at a cross-sectional area of 4000 ⁇ m 2 on an ITO glass substrate (60 mm ⁇ 70 mm ⁇ 0.7 mmt) with an alignment film (Sunever SE-7492, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.). ) was dispensed. Thereafter, liquid crystal (TN liquid crystal, MLC-11900-080, manufactured by Merck) is dropped on the substrate, and the upper and lower substrates are bonded together by a liquid crystal dropping method (ODF method), and ultraviolet rays (UV irradiation device: UVX-01224S1, Ushio Electric).
- ODF method liquid crystal dropping method
- UV irradiation device UVX-01224S1, Ushio Electric
- illuminance and radiation time for 1000mJ, 100mW / cm 2 / 365nm at 10 sec, in the case of 50mJ was cured by irradiation with 1 second) 50mW / cm 2 / 365nm, thereafter 120 ° C. hot air oven Thermal curing was performed for 1 hour to prepare a test cell for the orientation test.
- illuminance of 0 mJ with a light-shielding mask after bonding, the liquid crystal and the sealant are not irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and then heat-cured in a hot air oven at 120 ° C. for 1 hour to provide a test cell for the orientation test.
- Initiator EY resin, KR-2 (manufactured by KS Corporation) Curing agent: adipic acid dihydrazide (Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) Filler: Silicon dioxide spherical fine particles, Seahoster KE-C50HG (manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.) Coupling agent: 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, KBM-403 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- the epoxy resin and partially esterified epoxy resin of the present invention are useful as a raw material for a sealing agent that can maintain high reliability by either active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays or heat because of its low solubility and elution in liquid crystals. It is.
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Abstract
Description
現在では、シール剤の描画位置は完全に光が当たる位置になっており、シールが未硬化の部分が生じにくく、液晶への汚染の問題はないのが現状であるが、近年狭額縁化の要望に伴い、シール位置がより表示画素に近くなる傾向にある。そのため、シール剤からの汚染により表示画素部の電気特性に影響を及ぼし表示不良を引き起こしやすい傾向にある。特に、小型パネルにおいては、表示部からのシール剤までの距離が狭く、より汚染性による表示不良の発生が顕著である。以上のことから、液晶に対して、汚染の少ないシール剤が求められている。
結晶性エポキシ樹脂を使用することで、液晶パネル作成時の熱硬化過程での樹脂の液晶への溶出を低減することが提案されている(特許文献1)。
エポキシ樹脂として、ビスフェノールS型、エーテル型、チオエーテル型、及びフルオレン型のエポキシ樹脂であり、かつアルキレンオキサイド単位を有する化合物において、液晶の汚染性を抑制したシール剤が提案されている(特許文献2)。
また、シール剤の原料として、部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂を使用することも検討されている。
3官能又は4官能のエポキシ樹脂を部分アクリル化することにより、アクリル化されていない化合物の割合を低減させて、熱硬化時の溶出を低減させることが提案されている(特許文献3)。
3官能又は4官能のフェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂を、カルボキシル基を有する(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体で部分変性することにより、エポキシ樹脂及びアクリル樹脂との配合物で液安定性が向上させ、液晶の配向特性を改善することが提案されている(特許文献4)。
特許文献3及び4に記載された3官能及び4官能のエポキシ樹脂は、高粘度であるか、固形物の場合が多く、シール剤としての使用は限定的である。
また、シール剤においては、UV照射量が低い場合においては汚染性に関しては、現状では不十分であった。
本発明は、液晶への溶解性が抑えられ、液晶の汚染を防止することができる、高品位のシール剤のオリゴマー成分として使用することができるエポキシ樹脂及び部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂を得ることを目的とする。
Xは、-O-、炭素原子数1~4のアルキレン、又は炭素原子数2~4のアルキリデンであり、
Yは、炭素原子数1~4のアルキレン-炭素原子数6~20のアリーレン-炭素原子数1~4のアルキレン、炭素原子数1~4のアルキレン-炭素原子数6~20のアリーレン、又は基:-R7-(O-R7)n-(式中、R7は、炭素原子数1~4のアルキレンであり、nは、0又は1~6の整数である)であり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、互いに独立に、水素、グリシジル、又はメチルグリシジルであり、
各R21は、それぞれ互いに独立に、水素又はメチルであり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6の、少なくとも2つは、グリシジル又はメチルグリシジルである〕
で示される、エポキシ樹脂に関する。
本発明は、一般式(4):
X、Y及びR21は、前記に定義されたとおりであり、
R11、R12、R13、R14、R15及びR16は、水素、グリシジル、メチルグリシジル又は
基:-Z-R8
(式中、
Zは、2-ヒドロキシプロピレン又は2-メチル-2-ヒドロキシプロピレンであり、
R8は、アクリロイル又はメタクリロイルである)
であり、
R11、R12、R13、R14、R15及びR16の少なくとも2つは、グリシジル、メチルグリシジル、又は基:-Z-R8であり、
グリシジル及びメチルグリシジルとアクリロイル及びメタクリロイルとの割合が、10:90~90:10である〕
で示される、部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂に関する。
本発明は、エポキシ樹脂の製造方法であって、工程(1A)~(1B):
(1A)分子中に2以上のエポキシ基を有する多官能エポキシ化合物を、金属触媒の存在下、分子中に2以上のヒドロキシ基を有するポリヒドロキシ化合物と反応させて、多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ開環体を得る工程と、
(1B)工程(1A)で得られた多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ開環体のヒドロキシ基をエポキシ化する工程と
を含む、エポキシ樹脂の製造方法に関する。
本発明は、前記に記載の一般式(1)~一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂を製造するための、前記に記載のエポキシ樹脂の製造方法であって、下記工程(2A)~(2B):
(2A)一般式(7a):
X及びR21は、前記に定義されたとおりである〕
で示されるエポキシ化合物を、金属触媒の存在下、下記一般式(10):
HO-Y-OH (10)
(式中、Yは、前記に定義されたとおりである)
で示されるジヒドロキシ化合物と反応させて、一般式(7b):
で示されるエポキシ開環体を得る工程と、
(2B)工程(2A)で得られた一般式(7b)~一般式(9b)で示されるエポキシ開環体のヒドロキシ基をエポキシ化して、一般式(1)~一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂を得る工程とを含む、エポキシ樹脂の製造方法に関する。
本発明は、部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の製造方法であって、工程(1C):
(1C)前記に記載の製造方法により得られるエポキシ樹脂を、塩基性触媒の存在下で、(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させる工程を含む、部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の製造方法に関する。
本発明は、前記に記載の一般式(4)~一般式(6)で示される部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂を製造するための、前記に記載の部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の製造方法であって、工程(2C):
(2C)前記に記載の製造方法により得られる、一般式(1):
X、Y、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R21は、前記に定義されたとおりであり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6の少なくとも2つは、グリシジル又はメチルグリシジルである〕
で示されるエポキシ樹脂を、塩基性触媒の存在下、(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させて、一般式(4)~一般式(6)で示される部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂を得る工程を含む、製造方法に関する。
本発明は、(a)前記に記載の一般式(1)、一般式(2)及び一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂、(b)前記に記載の一般式(4)、一般式(5)及び一般式(6)で示される部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂、(c)前記に記載の製造方法により得られるエポキシ樹脂、並びに(d)前記に記載の製造方法により得られる部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂からなる群より選択される1種以上の樹脂を含む、硬化性組成物に関する。
炭素原子数1~4のアルキレンは、メチレン、エチレン、トリメチレン、及びテトラメチレンが挙げられ、好ましくは、メチレン及びエチレンである。
炭素原子数2~4のアルキリデンは、エチリデン、プロピリデン、イソプロピリデン、メチルプロピリデン、及びブチリデンが挙げられ、好ましくはエチリデン及びイソプロピリデンである。
炭素原子数6~20のアリーレンは、単環又は多環の芳香族基であり、フェニレン、ナフチレン、及びアントラセニレンが挙げられ、好ましくはフェニレンである。
本発明のエポキシ樹脂の製造方法について説明する。本発明のエポキシ樹脂の製造方法において、原料となる多官能エポキシ化合物と、ポリヒドロキシ化合物との反応による多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ基の開環工程と、エポキシ基の開環により生成されるエポキシ開環体のヒドロキシ基及びポリヒドロキシ化合物に由来するヒドロキシ基のエポキシ化工程を含む。本発明において、エポキシ化には、グリシジル化及びメチルグリシジル化の両方が含まれる。
(1A)分子中に2以上のエポキシ基を有する多官能エポキシ化合物を、金属触媒の存在下、分子中に2以上のヒドロキシ基を有するポリヒドロキシ化合物と反応させて、多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ開環体を得る工程と、
(1B)工程(1A)で得られた多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ開環体のヒドロキシ基をエポキシ化する工程と
を含む。
工程(1A)において、原料化合物である分子中に2以上のエポキシ基を有する多官能エポキシ化合物には、エポキシ基の開環によりヒドロキシ基が形成されると共に、ポリヒドロキシ化合物に由来するヒドロキシ基が形成される。ここで、多官能エポキシ化合物の開環体とは、多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ基が全て開環した化合物をいう。
多官能エポキシ化合物として、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、トリプロピレングリコール等のポリアルキレングリコール類、ジメチロールプロパン、トリメチルロールプロパン、スピログリコール、グリセリン等の多価アルコール類とエピクロルヒドリンとを反応させて得られる脂肪族多価グリシジルエーテル化合物が挙げられる。
X及びR21は、一般式(1)で定義されたとおりである〕
で示されるエポキシ化合物が好ましい。
HO-Y-OH (10)
〔式中、Yは、一般式(1)で定義されたとおりである〕
で示されるジヒドロキシ化合物であるのが特に好ましい。
工程(1B)により、工程(1A)で得られる多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ開環体のヒドロキシ基がエポキシ化される。工程(1B)において、多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ開環体におけるヒドロキシ基の一部又は全部がエポキシ化される。本発明において、多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ開環体のヒドロキシ基の50%~100%がエポキシ化されるのが好ましく、75%~100%がエポキシ化されるのがより好ましい。
で示される、多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ開環体である。
(2A)一般式(7a):
X及びR21は、一般式(1)で定義されたとおりである〕
で示されるエポキシ化合物を、金属触媒の存在下、下記一般式(10):
HO-Y-OH (10)
〔式中、Yは、一般式(1)で定義されたとおりである〕
で示されるジヒドロキシ化合物と反応させることにより、
下記一般式(7b):
X、Y及びR21は、前記に定義されたとおりである〕
で示されるエポキシ開環体を得る工程と、
(2B)工程(2A)で得られた一般式(7b)~一般式(9b)で示されるエポキシ開環体のヒドロキシ基をエポキシ化して、一般式(1)~一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂を得る工程と
を含む、エポキシ樹脂の製造方法である。
次に本発明の部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の製造方法について説明する。本発明の部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の製造方法は、工程(1C):
(1C)前記工程(1A)~(1B)を含む製造方法により得られるエポキシ樹脂を、塩基性触媒の存在下、(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させる工程
を含む。
工程(1C)において、前記工程(1A)~(1B)を含む製造方法により得られるエポキシ樹脂のグリシジル基及びメチルグリシジル基が(メタ)アクリロイル化される。工程(1A)~(1B)を含む製造方法により得られるエポキシ樹脂として、好ましくは、一般式(1)~一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂である。
塩基性触媒としては、3価の有機リン化合物及び/又はアミン化合物であることが好ましい。塩基性触媒の塩基性原子は、リン及び/又は窒素である。
(2C)工程(2A)~(2B)の工程を含む製造方法により得られる、一般式(1)、一般式(2)又は、一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂を、塩基性触媒の存在下、(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させて、一般式(4)~一般式(6)で示される部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂を得る工程
を含む、部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の製造方法である。
本発明の(a)一般式(1)、一般式(2)及び一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂、(b)一般式(4)、一般式(5)及び一般式(6)で示される部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂、(c)工程(1A)~(1B)を含む製造方法により得られるエポキシ樹脂、並びに(d)工程(1C)を含む製造方法により得られる部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂からなる群より選択される1種以上の樹脂を含む硬化性組成物について説明する。本発明において、硬化性樹脂に含まれるベースオリゴマー成分となる樹脂は、本発明のエポキシ樹脂及び本発明の部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂からなる群より選択される1種以上の樹脂である。例えば、一般式(1)、一般式(2)若しくは一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂、又は一般式(4)、一般式(5)若しくは一般式(6)で示される部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂を単独で用いてもよく、あるいは一般式(1)、一般式(2)若しくは一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂、又は一般式(4)、一般式(5)若しくは一般式(6)で示される部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
(1-1)化合物1a(ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂のエチレングリコール開環体、一般式(7b)において、Xがイソプロピリデンであり、Xの結合位置が4,4’-位であり、R21がいずれも水素であり、Yがエチレンである化合物)の合成
エチレングリコール(東京化成社製)500g、45%ホウフッ化錫(II)水溶液(森田化学工業社製)1.0gをナスフラスコに入れた。ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(EXA850CRP、DIC株式会社製)340gを攪拌しながら80℃に保ち1時間にわたり徐々に加え、添加終了より80℃で1時間撹拌した。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、ジクロロメタンを1L加え、水1Lで6回洗浄した。得られた有機相の溶媒を減圧留去により除去し、無色透明粘稠物の開環体(化合物1a)410gを得た。なお、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)により、原料のエポキシ樹脂および1つのエポキシ基のみが開環した化合物のピークの消失により、全てのエポキシ基が開環されていることを確認した。
化合物1a(EXA850CRP-エチレングリコール開環体)232g、エピクロロヒドリン(和光純薬社製)590g、ベンジルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド(東京化成社製)50gを、機械攪拌機、温度計、温度調節器、凝縮器、ディーン-スターク・トラップおよび滴下ロートを付した2リットルの三口丸底フラスコに入れた。次いで、混合物を70トール(torr)の高真空下攪拌しながら約50ないし55℃に加熱してエピクロロヒドリンを激しく還流した。160gの48%溶液NaOH(関東化学社製)を2時間にわたり混合物にゆっくりと添加した。共沸物が生成次第、水/エピクロロヒドリン混合物のうち、エピクロロヒドリンを反応系に戻しながら攪拌を続けた。添加終了後、3時間にわたり攪拌を継続した。次いで、反応混合物を室温に冷却しジクロロメタン1Lを加え1Lの水で6回洗浄した。得られた有機相の溶媒を減圧留去により除去し、淡黄色透明粘稠物のグリシジルエーテル体(化合物1b)245gを得た。HPLCより、分子中のエポキシ基は3.8個であった。
化合物1bを210g、メタクリル酸(東京化成社製)88.7g、PS-PPh3(バイオタージ社製)4.7g、PS-TBD(バイオタージ社製)10.3g、BHT100mgを混合し100℃で6時間撹拌した。反応終了後、濾過により触媒を除去し部分メタクリレート化エポキシ樹脂を得た。
(2-1)化合物2a(ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂の2-(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタノール開環体、一般式(7b)において、Xがイソプロピリデンであり、Xの結合位置が4,4’-位であり、R21が水素であり、Yがメチレン-フェニレンである化合物)の合成
ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(EXA850CRP、DIC株式会社製)170g、2-(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタノール(東京化成社製)138g、PS-PPh3(バイオタージ社製)2.3g、PS-TBD(バイオタージ社製)4.2g、トルエン500mlをナスフラスコに入れ100℃で24時間攪拌した。反応液を室温に冷却し、濾過により触媒を除去した。得られた混合物の溶媒を減圧留去により除去し、淡黄色透明粘稠物の開環体285gを得た。
化合物2a(EXA850CRP-2-(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタノール開環体)185g、エピクロロヒドリン(和光純薬社製)590g、ベンジルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド(東京化成社製)22gを、機械撹拌機、温度計、温度調節器、凝縮器、ディーン-スターク・トラップおよび滴下ロートを付した2リットルの三口丸底フラスコに入れた。次いで、混合物を70トール(torr)の高真空下攪拌しながら約50ないし55℃に加熱してエピクロロヒドリンを激しく還流した。185gの48%溶液NaOH(関東化学社製)を2時間にわたり混合物にゆっくりと添加した。共沸物が生成次第、水/エピクロロヒドリン混合物のうち、エピクロロヒドリンを反応系に戻しながら攪拌を続けた。添加終了後、4時間にわたり攪拌を継続した。次いで、反応混合物を室温に冷却しジクロロメタン1Lを加え1Lの水で6回洗浄した。得られた有機相の溶媒を減圧留去により除去し、黄色透明粘稠物のグリシジルエーテル体(化合物2b)233gを得た。HPLCより、分子中のエポキシ基は3.6個であった。
化合物2bを180g、メタクリル酸(東京化成社製)36g、PS-PPh3(バイオタージ社製)1.9g、PS-TBD(バイオタージ社製)8.3g、BHT(和光純薬社製)85mgを混合し100℃で6時間撹拌した。反応終了後、濾過により触媒を除去し部分メタクリレート化エポキシ樹脂を得た。
(3-1)化合物3a(ナフタレン型エポキシ樹脂のエチレングリコール開環体、一般式(8b)において、R21が水素であり、Yがエチレンであり、ナフタレン環の結合位置が1,6-位である化合物)の合成
エチレングリコール(東京化成社製)500g、45%ホウフッ化錫(II)水溶液(森田化学工業社製)1.0gをナスフラスコに入れた。ナフタレン型エポキシ樹脂(HP-4032D、DIC株式会社製)282gを攪拌しながら100℃に保ち1時間にわたり徐々に加え、添加終了より3時間100℃で撹拌した。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、ジクロロメタンを1L加え、水1Lで6回洗浄した。得られた有機相の溶媒を減圧留去により除去し、黄色透明粘稠物の開環体(化合物3a)390gを得た。
化合物3a(HP4032D-エチレングリコール開環体)112g、エピクロロヒドリン(和光純薬社製)590g、ベンジルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド(東京化成社製)21gを、機械撹拌機、温度計、温度調節器、凝縮器、ディーン-スターク・トラップおよび滴下ロートを付した2リットルの三口丸底フラスコに入れた。次いで、混合物を70トール(torr)の高真空下攪拌しながら約50ないし55℃に加熱してエピクロロヒドリンを激しく還流した。188gの48%溶液NaOH(関東化学社製)を2時間にわたり混合物にゆっくりと添加した。共沸物が生成次第、水/エピクロロヒドリン混合物のうち、エピクロロヒドリンを反応系に戻しながら撹拌を続けた。添加終了後、4時間にわたり撹拌を継続した。次いで、反応混合物を室温に冷却しジクロロメタン1Lを加え1Lの水で6回洗浄した。得られた有機相の溶媒を減圧留去により除去し、淡黄色透明粘稠物のグリシジルエーテル体(化合物3b)179gを得た。HPLCより、分子中のエポキシ基は3.9個であった。
50gの化合物3b、メタクリル酸(東京化成社製)11.8g、PS-PPh3(バイオタージ社製)154mg、PS-TBD(バイオタージ社製)341mg、BHT12mgを混合し100℃で6時間撹拌した。反応終了後、濾過により触媒を除去し部分メタクリレート化エポキシ樹脂(化合物3c)を得た。
(4-1)化合物4a(VG3101Lのトリメチレングリコール開環体、一般式(9b)において、R21がいずれも水素であり、Yがトリメチレンである化合物)の合成
テクモアVG3101L(プリンテック社製)148g、トリメチレングリコール(関東化学社製)456g、45%ホウフッ化錫(II)水溶液(森田化学工業社製)130mgをナスフラスコに入れ、100℃で20時間攪拌した。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、ジクロロメタンを1L加え、水1Lで6回洗浄した。得られた有機相の溶媒を減圧留去により除去し、黄色粘稠物の開環体190gを得た。
化合物4a(VG3101L-トリメチレングリコール開環体)160g、エピクロロヒドリン(和光純薬社製)590g、ベンジルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド(東京化成社製)22gを、機械攪拌機、温度計、温度調節器、凝縮器、ディーン-スターク・トラップおよび滴下ロートを付した2リットルの三口丸底フラスコに入れる。次いで、混合物を70トール(torr)の高真空下攪拌しながら約50ないし55℃に加熱してエピクロロヒドリンを激しく還流した。117gの48%溶液NaOH(関東化学社製)を2時間にわたり混合物にゆっくりと添加した。共沸物が生成次第、水/エピクロロヒドリン混合物のうち、エピクロロヒドリンを反応系に戻しながら攪拌を続けた。添加終了後、4時間にわたり攪拌を継続した。次いで、反応混合物を室温に冷却しジクロロメタン1Lを加え1Lの水で6回洗浄した。得られた有機相の溶媒を減圧留去により除去し、黄色粘稠物のグリシジルエーテル体(化合物4b)207gを得た。HPLCより、分子中のエポキシ基は5.8個であった。
化合物4bを34g、メタクリル酸(東京化成社製)3.2g、PS-PPh3(バイオタージ社製)41mg、PS-TBD(バイオタージ社製)75mg、BHT10mgを混合し100℃で6時間撹拌した。反応終了後、濾過により触媒を除去し部分メタクリレート化エポキシ樹脂を得た。
(5-1)比較化合物5c(合成例1で用いたビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂の部分メタクリレート化エポキシ樹脂)の合成
ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(EXA850CRP、DIC株式会社製)320.2gを、メタクリル酸(東京化成社製)90.4g、PS-PPh3(バイオタージ社製)1.5g、BHT100mgを混合し100℃で6時間撹拌した。反応終了後、濾過により触媒を除去し部分メタクリレート化エポキシ樹脂(比較化合物5c)を得た。
液晶への溶出性の評価は液晶の相転移温度であるNi点(Nematic-Isotropic point)の変化およびHPLC(高速液体クロマトグラフィー)による液晶への溶出量の直接定量により行った。液晶のNi点は液晶の各成分の混合組成により決定され、各配合で固有の値となる。一般的に、これら液晶に何らかの不純物(他成分)が混入することによりNi点は低下することが知られており、不純物混入具合をNi点より評価することが出来る。
アンプル瓶にオリゴマー0.1gを入れ、液晶(MLC-11900-080、メルク社製)1gを加える。この瓶を120℃オーブンに1時間投入し、その後室温で静置して室温(25℃)に戻ってから液晶部分を取り出し0.2μmフィルターによりろ過し、評価用の液晶サンプルとした。
Ni点の測定には示差走査型熱量計(DSC、パーキンエルマー社製、Pyris6)を使用した。評価用の液晶サンプル10mgをアルミサンプルパンに封入し、昇温速度5℃/分の条件で測定を行った。
液晶中のオリゴマーの溶解量はHPLCを用いて行った。HPLC測定用のサンプルは、取り出した液晶をアセトニトリルで100倍に希釈したものを使用した。また、溶出量の定量は各化合物のピーク面積の検量線から算出した。各試験のために用いた化合物の粘度及び各試験の結果を表2及び表3に示す。
合成例1及び3、並びに比較合成例1で得られた化合物(化合物1c、3c及び5c)それぞれを、EYレジン、KR-2(ケイエスエム社製)、シーホスターKE-C50HG(日本触媒社製)、アジピン酸ジヒドラジド(大塚化学社製)、及びKBM-403(シランカップリング剤:信越化学工業製)と、表4に示す配合量にて混合後、3本ロールを用いて充分に混練して各樹脂組成物(実施例9、実施例10、及び比較例5)を得た。こうして得られた樹脂組成物を、シールディスペンサーを用いて断面積4000μm2で、ラビング処理した配向膜(サンエバーSE-7492、日産化学工業社製)付きITOガラス基板上(60mm×70mm×0.7mmt)にディスペンス塗布した。その後、基板上に液晶(TN液晶、MLC-11900-080、メルク社製)を滴下し、上下基板を液晶滴下工法(ODF工法)により貼り合わせ、紫外線(UV照射装置:UVX-01224S1、ウシオ電機社製、照度および照射時間:1000mJの場合、100mW/cm2/365nmで10秒、50mJの場合は50mW/cm2/365nmで1秒)を照射して硬化させ、その後120℃の熱風オーブンで1時間熱硬化を行い、配向性試験のためのテストセルを作製した。また、照度0mJの場合は、貼り合わせ後に遮光マスクで、液晶及びシール剤には紫外線が照射されない状態として、120℃の熱風オーブンで1時間熱硬化を行い、配向性試験のためのテストセルを作製した。
硬化剤:アジピン酸ジヒドラジド(大塚化学社製)
フィラー:二酸化ケイ素球状微粒子、シーホスターKE-C50HG(日本触媒社製)
カップリング剤:3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、KBM-403(信越化学工業社製)
Claims (7)
- 一般式(1):
一般式(2):
又は、一般式(3):
〔式中、
Xは、-O-、炭素原子数1~4のアルキレン、又は炭素原子数2~4のアルキリデンであり、
Yは、炭素原子数1~4のアルキレン-炭素原子数6~20のアリーレン-炭素原子数1~4のアルキレン、炭素原子数1~4のアルキレン-炭素原子数6~20のアリーレン、又は基:
-R7-(O-R7)n-
(式中、
R7は、炭素原子数1~4のアルキレンであり、
nは、0又は1~6の整数である)であり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、互いに独立に、水素、グリシジル、又はメチルグリシジルであり、
各R21は、それぞれ互いに独立に、水素又はメチルであり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6の少なくとも2つは、グリシジル又はメチルグリシジルである〕
で示される、エポキシ樹脂。 - 一般式(4):
一般式(5):
又は、一般式(6):
〔式中、
X、Y及びR21は、請求項1で定義されたとおりであり、
R11、R12、R13、R14、R15及びR16は、水素、グリシジル、メチルグリシジル、又は基:-Z-R8
(式中、
Zは、2-ヒドロキシプロピレン又は2-メチル-2-ヒドロキシプロピレンであり、
R8は、アクリロイル又はメタクリロイルである)
であり、
R11、R12、R13、R14、R15及びR16の少なくとも2つは、グリシジル、メチルグリシジル、又は基:-Z-R8であり、
グリシジル及びメチルグリシジルとアクリロイル及びメタクリロイルとの割合が、10:90~90:10である〕
で示される、部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂。 - エポキシ樹脂の製造方法であって、工程(1A)~(1B):
(1A)分子中に2以上のエポキシ基を有する多官能エポキシ化合物を、金属触媒の存在下、分子中に2以上のヒドロキシ基を有するポリヒドロキシ化合物と反応させて、多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ開環体を得る工程と、
(1B)工程(1A)で得られた多官能エポキシ化合物のエポキシ開環体のヒドロキシ基をエポキシ化する工程と
を含む、エポキシ樹脂の製造方法。 - 請求項1記載の一般式(1)~一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂を製造するための、請求項3記載のエポキシ樹脂の製造方法であって、下記工程(2A)~(2B):
(2A)一般式(7a):
一般式(8a):
又は、一般式(9a):
〔式中、
X及びR21は、請求項1で定義されたとおりである〕
で示されるエポキシ化合物を、金属触媒の存在下、下記一般式(10):
HO-Y-OH (10)
(式中、Yは、請求項1で定義されたとおりである)
で示されるジヒドロキシ化合物と反応させて、一般式(7b):
一般式(8b):
又は、一般式(9b):
〔式中、X、Y及びR21は、請求項1で定義されたとおりである〕
で示されるエポキシ開環体を得る工程と、
(2B)工程(2A)で得られた一般式(7b)~一般式(9b)で示されるエポキシ開環体のヒドロキシ基をエポキシ化して、一般式(1)~一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂を得る工程と
を含む、エポキシ樹脂の製造方法。 - 部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の製造方法であって、工程(1C):
(1C)請求項3記載の製造方法により得られるエポキシ樹脂を、塩基性触媒の存在下で、(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させる工程
を含む、部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の製造方法。 - 請求項2記載の一般式(4)~一般式(6)で示される部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂を製造するための、請求項5記載の部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の製造方法であって、工程(2C):
(2C)請求項4記載の製造方法により得られる、一般式(1):
一般式(2):
又は、一般式(3):
〔式中、
X、Y、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R21は、請求項1で定義されたとおりであり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6の少なくとも2つは、グリシジル又はメチルグリシジルである〕
で示されるエポキシ樹脂を、塩基性触媒の存在下、(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させて、一般式(4)~一般式(6)で示される部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂を得る工程
を含む、部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂の製造方法。 - (a)請求項1記載の一般式(1)、一般式(2)及び一般式(3)で示されるエポキシ樹脂、(b)請求項2記載の一般式(4)、一般式(5)及び一般式(6)で示される部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂、(c)請求項3記載の製造方法により得られるエポキシ樹脂、並びに(d)請求項5記載の製造方法により得られる部分エステル化エポキシ樹脂からなる群より選択される1種以上の樹脂を含む、硬化性組成物。
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| CN106796376A (zh) * | 2015-05-08 | 2017-05-31 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 液晶显示元件用密封剂、上下导通材料及液晶显示元件 |
| CN111560111A (zh) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-08-21 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种bpa-ga酚醛环氧树脂及其制备方法 |
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| JP5979972B2 (ja) | 2012-05-17 | 2016-08-31 | 協立化学産業株式会社 | エステル化エポキシ樹脂、その製造方法、及びそれを含む硬化性組成物 |
| JP6445780B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-09 | 2018-12-26 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 液晶滴下工法用シール剤、上下導通材料、及び、液晶表示素子 |
| CN109789782B (zh) | 2016-09-26 | 2021-10-29 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 投影型显示装置、投影显示方法、及存储介质 |
| JP6601634B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-11-06 | 協立化学産業株式会社 | 変性樹脂及びそれを含む硬化性樹脂組成物 |
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